diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/1_broken_site.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/1_broken_site.yml
index af0320569c..cdbb867603 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/1_broken_site.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/1_broken_site.yml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name: Broken site
-description: Report broken or misfunctioning site
+description: Report error in a supported site
 labels: [triage, site-bug]
 body:
   - type: checkboxes
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ body:
       label: DO NOT REMOVE OR SKIP THE ISSUE TEMPLATE
       description: Fill all fields even if you think it is irrelevant for the issue
       options:
-        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I remove or skip any mandatory\* field
+        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I *intentionally* remove or skip any mandatory\* field
           required: true
   - type: checkboxes
     id: checklist
@@ -16,15 +16,15 @@ body:
       description: |
         Carefully read and work through this check list in order to prevent the most common mistakes and misuse of yt-dlp:
       options:
-        - label: I'm reporting a broken site
+        - label: I'm reporting that a **supported** site is broken
           required: true
-        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2022.09.01** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
+        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2023.03.04** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
           required: true
         - label: I've checked that all provided URLs are playable in a browser with the same IP and same login details
           required: true
         - label: I've checked that all URLs and arguments with special characters are [properly quoted or escaped](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/FAQ#video-url-contains-an-ampersand--and-im-getting-some-strange-output-1-2839-or-v-is-not-recognized-as-an-internal-or-external-command)
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ body:
       options:
         - label: Run **your** yt-dlp command with **-vU** flag added (`yt-dlp -vU <your command line>`)
           required: true
+        - label: "If using API, add `'verbose': True` to `YoutubeDL` params instead"
+          required: false
         - label: Copy the WHOLE output (starting with `[debug] Command-line config`) and insert it below
           required: true
   - type: textarea
@@ -62,7 +64,7 @@ body:
         [debug] Command-line config: ['-vU', 'test:youtube']
         [debug] Portable config "yt-dlp.conf": ['-i']
         [debug] Encodings: locale cp65001, fs utf-8, pref cp65001, out utf-8, error utf-8, screen utf-8
-        [debug] yt-dlp version 2022.09.01 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
+        [debug] yt-dlp version 2023.03.04 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
         [debug] Python 3.8.10 (CPython 64bit) - Windows-10-10.0.22000-SP0
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffmpeg -bsfs
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffprobe -bsfs
@@ -70,8 +72,8 @@ body:
         [debug] Optional libraries: Cryptodome-3.15.0, brotli-1.0.9, certifi-2022.06.15, mutagen-1.45.1, sqlite3-2.6.0, websockets-10.3
         [debug] Proxy map: {}
         [debug] Fetching release info: https://api.github.com/repos/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest
-        Latest version: 2022.09.01, Current version: 2022.09.01
-        yt-dlp is up to date (2022.09.01)
+        Latest version: 2023.03.04, Current version: 2023.03.04
+        yt-dlp is up to date (2023.03.04)
         <more lines>
       render: shell
     validations:
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/2_site_support_request.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/2_site_support_request.yml
index 55ee9d3b7e..890df48fac 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/2_site_support_request.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/2_site_support_request.yml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ body:
       label: DO NOT REMOVE OR SKIP THE ISSUE TEMPLATE
       description: Fill all fields even if you think it is irrelevant for the issue
       options:
-        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I remove or skip any mandatory\* field
+        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I *intentionally* remove or skip any mandatory\* field
           required: true
   - type: checkboxes
     id: checklist
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ body:
       options:
         - label: I'm reporting a new site support request
           required: true
-        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2022.09.01** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
+        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2023.03.04** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
           required: true
         - label: I've checked that all provided URLs are playable in a browser with the same IP and same login details
           required: true
         - label: I've checked that none of provided URLs [violate any copyrights](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#is-the-website-primarily-used-for-piracy) or contain any [DRM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_rights_management) to the best of my knowledge
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ body:
       options:
         - label: Run **your** yt-dlp command with **-vU** flag added (`yt-dlp -vU <your command line>`)
           required: true
+        - label: "If using API, add `'verbose': True` to `YoutubeDL` params instead"
+          required: false
         - label: Copy the WHOLE output (starting with `[debug] Command-line config`) and insert it below
           required: true
   - type: textarea
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ body:
         [debug] Command-line config: ['-vU', 'test:youtube']
         [debug] Portable config "yt-dlp.conf": ['-i']
         [debug] Encodings: locale cp65001, fs utf-8, pref cp65001, out utf-8, error utf-8, screen utf-8
-        [debug] yt-dlp version 2022.09.01 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
+        [debug] yt-dlp version 2023.03.04 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
         [debug] Python 3.8.10 (CPython 64bit) - Windows-10-10.0.22000-SP0
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffmpeg -bsfs
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffprobe -bsfs
@@ -82,8 +84,8 @@ body:
         [debug] Optional libraries: Cryptodome-3.15.0, brotli-1.0.9, certifi-2022.06.15, mutagen-1.45.1, sqlite3-2.6.0, websockets-10.3
         [debug] Proxy map: {}
         [debug] Fetching release info: https://api.github.com/repos/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest
-        Latest version: 2022.09.01, Current version: 2022.09.01
-        yt-dlp is up to date (2022.09.01)
+        Latest version: 2023.03.04, Current version: 2023.03.04
+        yt-dlp is up to date (2023.03.04)
         <more lines>
       render: shell
     validations:
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/3_site_feature_request.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/3_site_feature_request.yml
index a3a786e387..ef9bda36a8 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/3_site_feature_request.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/3_site_feature_request.yml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ body:
       label: DO NOT REMOVE OR SKIP THE ISSUE TEMPLATE
       description: Fill all fields even if you think it is irrelevant for the issue
       options:
-        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I remove or skip any mandatory\* field
+        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I *intentionally* remove or skip any mandatory\* field
           required: true
   - type: checkboxes
     id: checklist
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ body:
       options:
         - label: I'm requesting a site-specific feature
           required: true
-        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2022.09.01** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
+        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2023.03.04** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
           required: true
         - label: I've checked that all provided URLs are playable in a browser with the same IP and same login details
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ body:
       options:
         - label: Run **your** yt-dlp command with **-vU** flag added (`yt-dlp -vU <your command line>`)
           required: true
+        - label: "If using API, add `'verbose': True` to `YoutubeDL` params instead"
+          required: false
         - label: Copy the WHOLE output (starting with `[debug] Command-line config`) and insert it below
           required: true
   - type: textarea
@@ -70,7 +72,7 @@ body:
         [debug] Command-line config: ['-vU', 'test:youtube']
         [debug] Portable config "yt-dlp.conf": ['-i']
         [debug] Encodings: locale cp65001, fs utf-8, pref cp65001, out utf-8, error utf-8, screen utf-8
-        [debug] yt-dlp version 2022.09.01 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
+        [debug] yt-dlp version 2023.03.04 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
         [debug] Python 3.8.10 (CPython 64bit) - Windows-10-10.0.22000-SP0
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffmpeg -bsfs
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffprobe -bsfs
@@ -78,8 +80,8 @@ body:
         [debug] Optional libraries: Cryptodome-3.15.0, brotli-1.0.9, certifi-2022.06.15, mutagen-1.45.1, sqlite3-2.6.0, websockets-10.3
         [debug] Proxy map: {}
         [debug] Fetching release info: https://api.github.com/repos/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest
-        Latest version: 2022.09.01, Current version: 2022.09.01
-        yt-dlp is up to date (2022.09.01)
+        Latest version: 2023.03.04, Current version: 2023.03.04
+        yt-dlp is up to date (2023.03.04)
         <more lines>
       render: shell
     validations:
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/4_bug_report.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/4_bug_report.yml
index 4613fd35d1..bf1d97bbae 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/4_bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/4_bug_report.yml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ body:
       label: DO NOT REMOVE OR SKIP THE ISSUE TEMPLATE
       description: Fill all fields even if you think it is irrelevant for the issue
       options:
-        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I remove or skip any mandatory\* field
+        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I *intentionally* remove or skip any mandatory\* field
           required: true
   - type: checkboxes
     id: checklist
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ body:
       options:
         - label: I'm reporting a bug unrelated to a specific site
           required: true
-        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2022.09.01** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
+        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2023.03.04** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
           required: true
         - label: I've checked that all provided URLs are playable in a browser with the same IP and same login details
           required: true
         - label: I've checked that all URLs and arguments with special characters are [properly quoted or escaped](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/FAQ#video-url-contains-an-ampersand--and-im-getting-some-strange-output-1-2839-or-v-is-not-recognized-as-an-internal-or-external-command)
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ body:
       options:
         - label: Run **your** yt-dlp command with **-vU** flag added (`yt-dlp -vU <your command line>`)
           required: true
+        - label: "If using API, add `'verbose': True` to `YoutubeDL` params instead"
+          required: false
         - label: Copy the WHOLE output (starting with `[debug] Command-line config`) and insert it below
           required: true
   - type: textarea
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ body:
         [debug] Command-line config: ['-vU', 'test:youtube']
         [debug] Portable config "yt-dlp.conf": ['-i']
         [debug] Encodings: locale cp65001, fs utf-8, pref cp65001, out utf-8, error utf-8, screen utf-8
-        [debug] yt-dlp version 2022.09.01 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
+        [debug] yt-dlp version 2023.03.04 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
         [debug] Python 3.8.10 (CPython 64bit) - Windows-10-10.0.22000-SP0
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffmpeg -bsfs
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffprobe -bsfs
@@ -63,8 +65,8 @@ body:
         [debug] Optional libraries: Cryptodome-3.15.0, brotli-1.0.9, certifi-2022.06.15, mutagen-1.45.1, sqlite3-2.6.0, websockets-10.3
         [debug] Proxy map: {}
         [debug] Fetching release info: https://api.github.com/repos/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest
-        Latest version: 2022.09.01, Current version: 2022.09.01
-        yt-dlp is up to date (2022.09.01)
+        Latest version: 2023.03.04, Current version: 2023.03.04
+        yt-dlp is up to date (2023.03.04)
         <more lines>
       render: shell
     validations:
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/5_feature_request.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/5_feature_request.yml
index 0eaee4441b..b17c656587 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/5_feature_request.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/5_feature_request.yml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ body:
       label: DO NOT REMOVE OR SKIP THE ISSUE TEMPLATE
       description: Fill all fields even if you think it is irrelevant for the issue
       options:
-        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I remove or skip any mandatory\* field
+        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I *intentionally* remove or skip any mandatory\* field
           required: true
   - type: checkboxes
     id: checklist
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ body:
           required: true
         - label: I've looked through the [README](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#readme)
           required: true
-        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2022.09.01** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
+        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2023.03.04** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ body:
       label: Provide verbose output that clearly demonstrates the problem
       options:
         - label: Run **your** yt-dlp command with **-vU** flag added (`yt-dlp -vU <your command line>`)
+        - label: "If using API, add `'verbose': True` to `YoutubeDL` params instead"
+          required: false
         - label: Copy the WHOLE output (starting with `[debug] Command-line config`) and insert it below
   - type: textarea
     id: log
@@ -51,7 +53,7 @@ body:
         [debug] Command-line config: ['-vU', 'test:youtube']
         [debug] Portable config "yt-dlp.conf": ['-i']
         [debug] Encodings: locale cp65001, fs utf-8, pref cp65001, out utf-8, error utf-8, screen utf-8
-        [debug] yt-dlp version 2022.09.01 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
+        [debug] yt-dlp version 2023.03.04 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
         [debug] Python 3.8.10 (CPython 64bit) - Windows-10-10.0.22000-SP0
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffmpeg -bsfs
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffprobe -bsfs
@@ -59,7 +61,7 @@ body:
         [debug] Optional libraries: Cryptodome-3.15.0, brotli-1.0.9, certifi-2022.06.15, mutagen-1.45.1, sqlite3-2.6.0, websockets-10.3
         [debug] Proxy map: {}
         [debug] Fetching release info: https://api.github.com/repos/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest
-        Latest version: 2022.09.01, Current version: 2022.09.01
-        yt-dlp is up to date (2022.09.01)
+        Latest version: 2023.03.04, Current version: 2023.03.04
+        yt-dlp is up to date (2023.03.04)
         <more lines>
       render: shell
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/6_question.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/6_question.yml
index acfbeb74b9..c694e5a5a1 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/6_question.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/6_question.yml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ body:
       label: DO NOT REMOVE OR SKIP THE ISSUE TEMPLATE
       description: Fill all fields even if you think it is irrelevant for the issue
       options:
-        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I remove or skip any mandatory\* field
+        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I *intentionally* remove or skip any mandatory\* field
           required: true
   - type: markdown
     attributes:
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ body:
           required: true
         - label: I've looked through the [README](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#readme)
           required: true
-        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2022.09.01** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
+        - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **2023.03.04** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar questions **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar questions **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ body:
       label: Provide verbose output that clearly demonstrates the problem
       options:
         - label: Run **your** yt-dlp command with **-vU** flag added (`yt-dlp -vU <your command line>`)
+        - label: "If using API, add `'verbose': True` to `YoutubeDL` params instead"
+          required: false
         - label: Copy the WHOLE output (starting with `[debug] Command-line config`) and insert it below
   - type: textarea
     id: log
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ body:
         [debug] Command-line config: ['-vU', 'test:youtube']
         [debug] Portable config "yt-dlp.conf": ['-i']
         [debug] Encodings: locale cp65001, fs utf-8, pref cp65001, out utf-8, error utf-8, screen utf-8
-        [debug] yt-dlp version 2022.09.01 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
+        [debug] yt-dlp version 2023.03.04 [9d339c4] (win32_exe)
         [debug] Python 3.8.10 (CPython 64bit) - Windows-10-10.0.22000-SP0
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffmpeg -bsfs
         [debug] Checking exe version: ffprobe -bsfs
@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ body:
         [debug] Optional libraries: Cryptodome-3.15.0, brotli-1.0.9, certifi-2022.06.15, mutagen-1.45.1, sqlite3-2.6.0, websockets-10.3
         [debug] Proxy map: {}
         [debug] Fetching release info: https://api.github.com/repos/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest
-        Latest version: 2022.09.01, Current version: 2022.09.01
-        yt-dlp is up to date (2022.09.01)
+        Latest version: 2023.03.04, Current version: 2023.03.04
+        yt-dlp is up to date (2023.03.04)
         <more lines>
       render: shell
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/1_broken_site.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/1_broken_site.yml
index e1b1e51380..1f6f926341 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/1_broken_site.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/1_broken_site.yml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name: Broken site
-description: Report broken or misfunctioning site
+description: Report error in a supported site
 labels: [triage, site-bug]
 body:
   %(no_skip)s
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ body:
       description: |
         Carefully read and work through this check list in order to prevent the most common mistakes and misuse of yt-dlp:
       options:
-        - label: I'm reporting a broken site
+        - label: I'm reporting that a **supported** site is broken
           required: true
         - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **%(version)s** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
           required: true
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ body:
           required: true
         - label: I've checked that all URLs and arguments with special characters are [properly quoted or escaped](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/FAQ#video-url-contains-an-ampersand--and-im-getting-some-strange-output-1-2839-or-v-is-not-recognized-as-an-internal-or-external-command)
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/2_site_support_request.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/2_site_support_request.yml
index 12a1c65987..75d62e7bb2 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/2_site_support_request.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/2_site_support_request.yml
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ body:
           required: true
         - label: I've checked that none of provided URLs [violate any copyrights](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#is-the-website-primarily-used-for-piracy) or contain any [DRM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_rights_management) to the best of my knowledge
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/3_site_feature_request.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/3_site_feature_request.yml
index 2b46650f70..18b30f5783 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/3_site_feature_request.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/3_site_feature_request.yml
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ body:
           required: true
         - label: I've checked that all provided URLs are playable in a browser with the same IP and same login details
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/4_bug_report.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/4_bug_report.yml
index 377efbe338..90f59e70b0 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/4_bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/4_bug_report.yml
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ body:
           required: true
         - label: I've checked that all URLs and arguments with special characters are [properly quoted or escaped](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/FAQ#video-url-contains-an-ampersand--and-im-getting-some-strange-output-1-2839-or-v-is-not-recognized-as-an-internal-or-external-command)
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/5_feature_request.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/5_feature_request.yml
index 8bbc5d733f..ef3bb22693 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/5_feature_request.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/5_feature_request.yml
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ body:
           required: true
         - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **%(version)s** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar issues **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/6_question.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/6_question.yml
index ee09e82a38..4bef82d5af 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/6_question.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE_tmpl/6_question.yml
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ body:
           required: true
         - label: I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version **%(version)s** ([update instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#update)) or later (specify commit)
           required: true
-        - label: I've searched the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar questions **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
+        - label: I've searched [known issues](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3766) and the [bugtracker](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues?q=) for similar questions **including closed ones**. DO NOT post duplicates
           required: true
         - label: I've read the [guidelines for opening an issue](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue)
           required: true
diff --git a/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
index 5abc6ce41e..c4d3e812e2 100644
--- a/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
+++ b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 ### Description of your *pull request* and other information
 
-</details>
-
 <!--
 
 Explanation of your *pull request* in arbitrary form goes here. Please **make sure the description explains the purpose and effect** of your *pull request* and is worded well enough to be understood. Provide as much **context and examples** as possible
@@ -32,7 +30,7 @@ Fixes #
 - [ ] [Searched](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/search?q=is%3Apr&type=Issues) the bugtracker for similar pull requests
 - [ ] Checked the code with [flake8](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8) and [ran relevant tests](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#developer-instructions)
 
-### In order to be accepted and merged into yt-dlp each piece of code must be in public domain or released under [Unlicense](http://unlicense.org/). Check one of the following options:
+### In order to be accepted and merged into yt-dlp each piece of code must be in public domain or released under [Unlicense](http://unlicense.org/). Check all of the following options that apply:
 - [ ] I am the original author of this code and I am willing to release it under [Unlicense](http://unlicense.org/)
 - [ ] I am not the original author of this code but it is in public domain or released under [Unlicense](http://unlicense.org/) (provide reliable evidence)
 
@@ -41,3 +39,5 @@ Fixes #
 - [ ] New extractor ([Piracy websites will not be accepted](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#is-the-website-primarily-used-for-piracy))
 - [ ] Core bug fix/improvement
 - [ ] New feature (It is strongly [recommended to open an issue first](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#adding-new-feature-or-making-overarching-changes))
+
+</details>
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 45c5a43ccc..93668a7bfa 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -1,324 +1,356 @@
-name: Build
-on: workflow_dispatch
+name: Build Artifacts
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      version:
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      channel:
+        required: false
+        default: stable
+        type: string
+      unix:
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      linux_arm:
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      macos:
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      macos_legacy:
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      windows:
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      windows32:
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      meta_files:
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+    secrets:
+      GPG_SIGNING_KEY:
+        required: false
+
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      version:
+        description: Version tag (YYYY.MM.DD[.REV])
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      channel:
+        description: Update channel (stable/nightly)
+        required: true
+        default: stable
+        type: string
+      unix:
+        description: yt-dlp, yt-dlp.tar.gz, yt-dlp_linux, yt-dlp_linux.zip
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      linux_arm:
+        description: yt-dlp_linux_aarch64, yt-dlp_linux_armv7l
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      macos:
+        description: yt-dlp_macos, yt-dlp_macos.zip
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      macos_legacy:
+        description: yt-dlp_macos_legacy
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      windows:
+        description: yt-dlp.exe, yt-dlp_min.exe, yt-dlp_win.zip
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      windows32:
+        description: yt-dlp_x86.exe
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+      meta_files:
+        description: SHA2-256SUMS, SHA2-512SUMS, _update_spec
+        default: true
+        type: boolean
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
 
 jobs:
-  prepare:
+  unix:
+    if: inputs.unix
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    outputs:
-      version_suffix: ${{ steps.version_suffix.outputs.version_suffix }}
-      ytdlp_version: ${{ steps.bump_version.outputs.ytdlp_version }}
-      head_sha: ${{ steps.push_release.outputs.head_sha }}
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      with:
-        fetch-depth: 0
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-      with:
-          python-version: '3.10'
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.10"
+      - uses: conda-incubator/setup-miniconda@v2
+        with:
+          miniforge-variant: Mambaforge
+          use-mamba: true
+          channels: conda-forge
+          auto-update-conda: true
+          activate-environment: ""
+          auto-activate-base: false
+      - name: Install Requirements
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get -y install zip pandoc man sed
+          python -m pip install -U pip setuptools wheel
+          python -m pip install -U Pyinstaller -r requirements.txt
+          reqs=$(mktemp)
+          cat > $reqs << EOF
+          python=3.10.*
+          pyinstaller
+          cffi
+          brotli-python
+          EOF
+          sed '/^brotli.*/d' requirements.txt >> $reqs
+          mamba create -n build --file $reqs
 
-    - name: Set version suffix
-      id: version_suffix
-      env:
-        PUSH_VERSION_COMMIT: ${{ secrets.PUSH_VERSION_COMMIT }}
-      if: "env.PUSH_VERSION_COMMIT == ''"
-      run: echo ::set-output name=version_suffix::$(date -u +"%H%M%S")
-    - name: Bump version
-      id: bump_version
-      run: |
-        python devscripts/update-version.py ${{ steps.version_suffix.outputs.version_suffix }}
-        make issuetemplates
-
-    - name: Push to release
-      id: push_release
-      run: |
-        git config --global user.name github-actions
-        git config --global user.email github-actions@example.com
-        git add -u
-        git commit -m "[version] update" -m "Created by: ${{ github.event.sender.login }}" -m ":ci skip all :ci run dl"
-        git push origin --force ${{ github.event.ref }}:release
-        echo ::set-output name=head_sha::$(git rev-parse HEAD)
-    - name: Update master
-      env:
-        PUSH_VERSION_COMMIT: ${{ secrets.PUSH_VERSION_COMMIT }}
-      if: "env.PUSH_VERSION_COMMIT != ''"
-      run: git push origin ${{ github.event.ref }}
-
-
-  build_unix:
-    needs: prepare
-    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04  # Standalone executable should be built on minimum supported OS
-
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-      with:
-          python-version: '3.10'
-    - name: Install Requirements
-      run: |
-          sudo apt-get -y install zip pandoc man
-          python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel twine
-          python -m pip install Pyinstaller -r requirements.txt
-
-    - name: Prepare
-      run: |
-          python devscripts/update-version.py ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version_suffix }}
+      - name: Prepare
+        run: |
+          python devscripts/update-version.py -c ${{ inputs.channel }} ${{ inputs.version }}
           python devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
-    - name: Build Unix executables
-      run: |
+      - name: Build Unix platform-independent binary
+        run: |
           make all tar
+      - name: Build Unix standalone binary
+        shell: bash -l {0}
+        run: |
+          unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH  # Harmful; set by setup-python
+          conda activate build
           python pyinst.py --onedir
           (cd ./dist/yt-dlp_linux && zip -r ../yt-dlp_linux.zip .)
           python pyinst.py
-    - name: Get SHA2-SUMS
-      id: get_sha
-      run: |
+          mv ./dist/yt-dlp_linux ./yt-dlp_linux
+          mv ./dist/yt-dlp_linux.zip ./yt-dlp_linux.zip
 
-    - name: Upload artifacts
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
-      with:
-        path: |
-          yt-dlp
-          yt-dlp.tar.gz
-          dist/yt-dlp_linux
-          dist/yt-dlp_linux.zip
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: |
+            yt-dlp
+            yt-dlp.tar.gz
+            yt-dlp_linux
+            yt-dlp_linux.zip
 
-    - name: Build and publish on PyPi
-      env:
-        TWINE_USERNAME: __token__
-        TWINE_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.PYPI_TOKEN }}
-      if: "env.TWINE_PASSWORD != ''"
-      run: |
-        rm -rf dist/*
-        python devscripts/set-variant.py pip -M "You installed yt-dlp with pip or using the wheel from PyPi; Use that to update"
-        python setup.py sdist bdist_wheel
-        twine upload dist/*
-
-    - name: Install SSH private key for Homebrew
-      env:
-        BREW_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.BREW_TOKEN }}
-      if: "env.BREW_TOKEN != ''"
-      uses: yt-dlp/ssh-agent@v0.5.3
-      with:
-          ssh-private-key: ${{ env.BREW_TOKEN }}
-    - name: Update Homebrew Formulae
-      env:
-        BREW_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.BREW_TOKEN }}
-      if: "env.BREW_TOKEN != ''"
-      run: |
-        git clone git@github.com:yt-dlp/homebrew-taps taps/
-        python devscripts/update-formulae.py taps/Formula/yt-dlp.rb "${{ needs.prepare.outputs.ytdlp_version }}"
-        git -C taps/ config user.name github-actions
-        git -C taps/ config user.email github-actions@example.com
-        git -C taps/ commit -am 'yt-dlp: ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.ytdlp_version }}'
-        git -C taps/ push
-
-
-  build_macos:
-    runs-on: macos-11
-    needs: prepare
+  linux_arm:
+    if: inputs.linux_arm
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      packages: write # for creating cache
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        architecture:
+          - armv7
+          - aarch64
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    # NB: In order to create a universal2 application, the version of python3 in /usr/bin has to be used
-    - name: Install Requirements
-      run: |
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          path: ./repo
+      - name: Virtualized Install, Prepare & Build
+        uses: yt-dlp/run-on-arch-action@v2
+        with:
+          # Ref: https://github.com/uraimo/run-on-arch-action/issues/55
+          env: |
+            GITHUB_WORKFLOW: build
+          githubToken: ${{ github.token }} # To cache image
+          arch: ${{ matrix.architecture }}
+          distro: ubuntu18.04 # Standalone executable should be built on minimum supported OS
+          dockerRunArgs: --volume "${PWD}/repo:/repo"
+          install: | # Installing Python 3.10 from the Deadsnakes repo raises errors
+            apt update
+            apt -y install zlib1g-dev python3.8 python3.8-dev python3.8-distutils python3-pip
+            python3.8 -m pip install -U pip setuptools wheel
+            # Cannot access requirements.txt from the repo directory at this stage
+            python3.8 -m pip install -U Pyinstaller mutagen pycryptodomex websockets brotli certifi
+
+          run: |
+            cd repo
+            python3.8 -m pip install -U Pyinstaller -r requirements.txt  # Cached version may be out of date
+            python3.8 devscripts/update-version.py -c ${{ inputs.channel }} ${{ inputs.version }}
+            python3.8 devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
+            python3.8 pyinst.py
+
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: | # run-on-arch-action designates armv7l as armv7
+            repo/dist/yt-dlp_linux_${{ (matrix.architecture == 'armv7' && 'armv7l') || matrix.architecture }}
+
+  macos:
+    if: inputs.macos
+    runs-on: macos-11
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      # NB: In order to create a universal2 application, the version of python3 in /usr/bin has to be used
+      - name: Install Requirements
+        run: |
           brew install coreutils
           /usr/bin/python3 -m pip install -U --user pip Pyinstaller -r requirements.txt
 
-    - name: Prepare
-      run: |
-          /usr/bin/python3 devscripts/update-version.py ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version_suffix }}
+      - name: Prepare
+        run: |
+          /usr/bin/python3 devscripts/update-version.py -c ${{ inputs.channel }} ${{ inputs.version }}
           /usr/bin/python3 devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
-    - name: Build
-      run: |
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
           /usr/bin/python3 pyinst.py --target-architecture universal2 --onedir
           (cd ./dist/yt-dlp_macos && zip -r ../yt-dlp_macos.zip .)
           /usr/bin/python3 pyinst.py --target-architecture universal2
 
-    - name: Upload artifacts
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
-      with:
-        path: |
-          dist/yt-dlp_macos
-          dist/yt-dlp_macos.zip
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: |
+            dist/yt-dlp_macos
+            dist/yt-dlp_macos.zip
 
-
-  build_macos_legacy:
+  macos_legacy:
+    if: inputs.macos_legacy
     runs-on: macos-latest
-    needs: prepare
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - name: Install Python
-      # We need the official Python, because the GA ones only support newer macOS versions
-      env:
-        PYTHON_VERSION: 3.10.5
-        MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: 10.9  # Used up by the Python build tools
-      run: |
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: Install Python
+        # We need the official Python, because the GA ones only support newer macOS versions
+        env:
+          PYTHON_VERSION: 3.10.5
+          MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: 10.9 # Used up by the Python build tools
+        run: |
           # Hack to get the latest patch version. Uncomment if needed
           #brew install python@3.10
           #export PYTHON_VERSION=$( $(brew --prefix)/opt/python@3.10/bin/python3 --version | cut -d ' ' -f 2 )
           curl https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${PYTHON_VERSION}/python-${PYTHON_VERSION}-macos11.pkg -o "python.pkg"
           sudo installer -pkg python.pkg -target /
           python3 --version
-    - name: Install Requirements
-      run: |
+      - name: Install Requirements
+        run: |
           brew install coreutils
           python3 -m pip install -U --user pip Pyinstaller -r requirements.txt
 
-    - name: Prepare
-      run: |
-          python3 devscripts/update-version.py ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version_suffix }}
+      - name: Prepare
+        run: |
+          python3 devscripts/update-version.py -c ${{ inputs.channel }} ${{ inputs.version }}
           python3 devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
-    - name: Build
-      run: |
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
           python3 pyinst.py
           mv dist/yt-dlp_macos dist/yt-dlp_macos_legacy
 
-    - name: Upload artifacts
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
-      with:
-        path: |
-          dist/yt-dlp_macos_legacy
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: |
+            dist/yt-dlp_macos_legacy
 
-
-  build_windows:
+  windows:
+    if: inputs.windows
     runs-on: windows-latest
-    needs: prepare
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-      with:  # 3.8 is used for Win7 support
-          python-version: '3.8'
-    - name: Install Requirements
-      run: |  # Custom pyinstaller built with https://github.com/yt-dlp/pyinstaller-builds
-          python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel py2exe
-          pip install "https://yt-dlp.github.io/Pyinstaller-Builds/x86_64/pyinstaller-5.3-py3-none-any.whl" -r requirements.txt
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with: # 3.8 is used for Win7 support
+          python-version: "3.8"
+      - name: Install Requirements
+        run: | # Custom pyinstaller built with https://github.com/yt-dlp/pyinstaller-builds
+          python -m pip install -U pip setuptools wheel py2exe
+          pip install -U "https://yt-dlp.github.io/Pyinstaller-Builds/x86_64/pyinstaller-5.8.0-py3-none-any.whl" -r requirements.txt
 
-    - name: Prepare
-      run: |
-          python devscripts/update-version.py ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version_suffix }}
+      - name: Prepare
+        run: |
+          python devscripts/update-version.py -c ${{ inputs.channel }} ${{ inputs.version }}
           python devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
-    - name: Build
-      run: |
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
           python setup.py py2exe
           Move-Item ./dist/yt-dlp.exe ./dist/yt-dlp_min.exe
           python pyinst.py
           python pyinst.py --onedir
           Compress-Archive -Path ./dist/yt-dlp/* -DestinationPath ./dist/yt-dlp_win.zip
 
-    - name: Upload artifacts
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
-      with:
-        path: |
-          dist/yt-dlp.exe
-          dist/yt-dlp_min.exe
-          dist/yt-dlp_win.zip
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: |
+            dist/yt-dlp.exe
+            dist/yt-dlp_min.exe
+            dist/yt-dlp_win.zip
 
-
-  build_windows32:
+  windows32:
+    if: inputs.windows32
     runs-on: windows-latest
-    needs: prepare
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-      with:  # 3.7 is used for Vista support. See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/390
-          python-version: '3.7'
-          architecture: 'x86'
-    - name: Install Requirements
-      run: |
-          python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel
-          pip install "https://yt-dlp.github.io/Pyinstaller-Builds/i686/pyinstaller-5.3-py3-none-any.whl" -r requirements.txt
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with: # 3.7 is used for Vista support. See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/390
+          python-version: "3.7"
+          architecture: "x86"
+      - name: Install Requirements
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install -U pip setuptools wheel
+          pip install -U "https://yt-dlp.github.io/Pyinstaller-Builds/i686/pyinstaller-5.8.0-py3-none-any.whl" -r requirements.txt
 
-    - name: Prepare
-      run: |
-          python devscripts/update-version.py ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version_suffix }}
+      - name: Prepare
+        run: |
+          python devscripts/update-version.py -c ${{ inputs.channel }} ${{ inputs.version }}
           python devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
-    - name: Build
-      run: |
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
           python pyinst.py
 
-    - name: Upload artifacts
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
-      with:
-        path: |
-          dist/yt-dlp_x86.exe
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: |
+            dist/yt-dlp_x86.exe
 
-
-  publish_release:
+  meta_files:
+    if: inputs.meta_files && always()
+    needs:
+      - unix
+      - linux_arm
+      - macos
+      - macos_legacy
+      - windows
+      - windows32
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: [prepare, build_unix, build_windows, build_windows32, build_macos, build_macos_legacy]
-
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
 
-    - name: Get Changelog
-      run: |
-        changelog=$(grep -oPz '(?s)(?<=### ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.ytdlp_version }}\n{2}).+?(?=\n{2,3}###)' Changelog.md) || true
-        echo "changelog<<EOF" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-        echo "$changelog" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-        echo "EOF" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-    - name: Make Update spec
-      run: |
-        echo "# This file is used for regulating self-update" >> _update_spec
-        echo "lock 2022.07.18 .+ Python 3.6" >> _update_spec
-    - name: Make SHA2-SUMS files
-      run: |
-          sha256sum artifact/yt-dlp | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp"}' >> SHA2-256SUMS
-          sha256sum artifact/yt-dlp.tar.gz | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp.tar.gz"}' >> SHA2-256SUMS
-          sha256sum artifact/yt-dlp.exe | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp.exe"}' >> SHA2-256SUMS
-          sha256sum artifact/yt-dlp_win.zip | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_win.zip"}' >> SHA2-256SUMS
-          sha256sum artifact/yt-dlp_min.exe | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_min.exe"}' >> SHA2-256SUMS
-          sha256sum artifact/yt-dlp_x86.exe | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_x86.exe"}' >> SHA2-256SUMS
-          sha256sum artifact/yt-dlp_macos | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_macos"}' >> SHA2-256SUMS
-          sha256sum artifact/yt-dlp_macos.zip | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_macos.zip"}' >> SHA2-256SUMS
-          sha256sum artifact/yt-dlp_macos_legacy | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_macos_legacy"}' >> SHA2-256SUMS
-          sha256sum artifact/dist/yt-dlp_linux | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_linux"}' >> SHA2-256SUMS
-          sha256sum artifact/dist/yt-dlp_linux.zip | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_linux.zip"}' >> SHA2-256SUMS
-          sha512sum artifact/yt-dlp | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp"}' >> SHA2-512SUMS
-          sha512sum artifact/yt-dlp.tar.gz | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp.tar.gz"}' >> SHA2-512SUMS
-          sha512sum artifact/yt-dlp.exe | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp.exe"}' >> SHA2-512SUMS
-          sha512sum artifact/yt-dlp_win.zip | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_win.zip"}' >> SHA2-512SUMS
-          sha512sum artifact/yt-dlp_min.exe | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_min.exe"}' >> SHA2-512SUMS
-          sha512sum artifact/yt-dlp_x86.exe | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_x86.exe"}' >> SHA2-512SUMS
-          sha512sum artifact/yt-dlp_macos | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_macos"}' >> SHA2-512SUMS
-          sha512sum artifact/yt-dlp_macos.zip | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_macos.zip"}' >> SHA2-512SUMS
-          sha512sum artifact/yt-dlp_macos_legacy | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_macos_legacy"}' >> SHA2-512SUMS
-          sha512sum artifact/dist/yt-dlp_linux | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_linux"}' >> SHA2-512SUMS
-          sha512sum artifact/dist/yt-dlp_linux.zip | awk '{print $1 "  yt-dlp_linux.zip"}' >> SHA2-512SUMS
+      - name: Make SHA2-SUMS files
+        run: |
+          cd ./artifact/
+          sha256sum * > ../SHA2-256SUMS
+          sha512sum * > ../SHA2-512SUMS
 
-    - name: Publish Release
-      uses: yt-dlp/action-gh-release@v1
-      with:
-        tag_name: ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.ytdlp_version }}
-        name: yt-dlp ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.ytdlp_version }}
-        target_commitish: ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.head_sha }}
-        body: |
-          #### [A description of the various files]((https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#release-files)) are in the README
+      - name: Make Update spec
+        run: |
+          cat >> _update_spec << EOF
+          # This file is used for regulating self-update
+          lock 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3.6
+          EOF
 
-          ---
-          <details open><summary><h3>Changelog</summary>
-          <p>
+      - name: Sign checksum files
+        env:
+          GPG_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.GPG_SIGNING_KEY }}
+        if: env.GPG_SIGNING_KEY != ''
+        run: |
+          gpg --batch --import <<< "${{ secrets.GPG_SIGNING_KEY }}"
+          for signfile in ./SHA*SUMS; do
+            gpg --batch --detach-sign "$signfile"
+          done
 
-          ${{ env.changelog }}
-
-          </p>
-          </details>
-        files: |
-          SHA2-256SUMS
-          SHA2-512SUMS
-          artifact/yt-dlp
-          artifact/yt-dlp.tar.gz
-          artifact/yt-dlp.exe
-          artifact/yt-dlp_win.zip
-          artifact/yt-dlp_min.exe
-          artifact/yt-dlp_x86.exe
-          artifact/yt-dlp_macos
-          artifact/yt-dlp_macos.zip
-          artifact/yt-dlp_macos_legacy
-          artifact/dist/yt-dlp_linux
-          artifact/dist/yt-dlp_linux.zip
-          _update_spec
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: |
+            SHA*SUMS*
+            _update_spec
diff --git a/.github/workflows/core.yml b/.github/workflows/core.yml
index d0e890b30e..dead444c0b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/core.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/core.yml
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 name: Core Tests
 on: [push, pull_request]
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   tests:
     name: Core Tests
@@ -9,13 +12,13 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        # CPython 3.9 is in quick-test
-        python-version: ['3.7', '3.10', 3.11-dev, pypy-3.7, pypy-3.8]
+        # CPython 3.11 is in quick-test
+        python-version: ['3.8', '3.9', '3.10', pypy-3.7, pypy-3.8]
         run-tests-ext: [sh]
         include:
         # atleast one of each CPython/PyPy tests must be in windows
         - os: windows-latest
-          python-version: '3.8'
+          python-version: '3.7'
           run-tests-ext: bat
         - os: windows-latest
           python-version: pypy-3.9
@@ -30,5 +33,6 @@ jobs:
       run: pip install pytest
     - name: Run tests
       continue-on-error: False
-      run: ./devscripts/run_tests.${{ matrix.run-tests-ext }} core
-  # Linter is in quick-test
+      run: |
+        python3 -m yt_dlp -v || true  # Print debug head
+        ./devscripts/run_tests.${{ matrix.run-tests-ext }} core
diff --git a/.github/workflows/download.yml b/.github/workflows/download.yml
index cc2da62fae..2b2387d4f1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/download.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/download.yml
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 name: Download Tests
 on: [push, pull_request]
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   quick:
     name: Quick Download Tests
diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish.yml b/.github/workflows/publish.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a1bd9a010
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+name: Publish
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      nightly:
+        default: false
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+      version:
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      target_commitish:
+        required: true
+        type: string
+    secrets:
+      ARCHIVE_REPO_TOKEN:
+        required: false
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+
+jobs:
+  publish:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.10"
+
+      - name: Generate release notes
+        run: |
+          cat >> ./RELEASE_NOTES << EOF
+          #### A description of the various files are in the [README](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#release-files)
+          ---
+          <details><summary><h3>Changelog</h3></summary>
+          $(python ./devscripts/make_changelog.py -vv)
+          </details>
+          EOF
+          echo "**This is an automated nightly pre-release build**" >> ./PRERELEASE_NOTES
+          cat ./RELEASE_NOTES >> ./PRERELEASE_NOTES
+          echo "Generated from: https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/commit/${{ inputs.target_commitish }}" >> ./ARCHIVE_NOTES
+          cat ./RELEASE_NOTES >> ./ARCHIVE_NOTES
+
+      - name: Archive nightly release
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ARCHIVE_REPO_TOKEN }}
+          GH_REPO: ${{ vars.ARCHIVE_REPO }}
+        if: |
+          inputs.nightly && env.GH_TOKEN != '' && env.GH_REPO != ''
+        run: |
+          gh release create \
+            --notes-file ARCHIVE_NOTES \
+            --title "yt-dlp nightly ${{ inputs.version }}" \
+            ${{ inputs.version }} \
+            artifact/*
+
+      - name: Prune old nightly release
+        if: inputs.nightly && !vars.ARCHIVE_REPO
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        run: |
+          gh release delete --yes --cleanup-tag "nightly" || true
+          git tag --delete "nightly" || true
+          sleep 5  # Enough time to cover deletion race condition
+
+      - name: Publish release${{ inputs.nightly && ' (nightly)' || '' }}
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        if: (inputs.nightly && !vars.ARCHIVE_REPO) || !inputs.nightly
+        run: |
+          gh release create \
+            --notes-file ${{ inputs.nightly && 'PRE' || '' }}RELEASE_NOTES \
+            --target ${{ inputs.target_commitish }} \
+            --title "yt-dlp ${{ inputs.nightly && 'nightly ' || '' }}${{ inputs.version }}" \
+            ${{ inputs.nightly && '--prerelease "nightly"' || inputs.version }} \
+            artifact/*
diff --git a/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml b/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml
index 53b74e2c75..930e58152d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 name: Quick Test
 on: [push, pull_request]
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   tests:
     name: Core Test
@@ -7,24 +10,23 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - name: Set up Python
+    - name: Set up Python 3.11
       uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
-        python-version: 3.9
+        python-version: '3.11'
     - name: Install test requirements
       run: pip install pytest pycryptodomex
     - name: Run tests
-      run: ./devscripts/run_tests.sh core
+      run: |
+        python3 -m yt_dlp -v || true
+        ./devscripts/run_tests.sh core
   flake8:
     name: Linter
     if: "!contains(github.event.head_commit.message, 'ci skip all')"
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - name: Set up Python
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-      with:
-        python-version: 3.9
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
     - name: Install flake8
       run: pip install flake8
     - name: Make lazy extractors
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-nightly.yml b/.github/workflows/release-nightly.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d4f01ab649
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-nightly.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+name: Release (nightly)
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+    paths:
+      - "yt_dlp/**.py"
+      - "!yt_dlp/version.py"
+concurrency:
+  group: release-nightly
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  prepare:
+    if: vars.BUILD_NIGHTLY != ''
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      version: ${{ steps.get_version.outputs.version }}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: Get version
+        id: get_version
+        run: |
+          python devscripts/update-version.py "$(date -u +"%H%M%S")" | grep -Po "version=\d+(\.\d+){3}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+  build:
+    needs: prepare
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/build.yml
+    with:
+      version: ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version }}
+      channel: nightly
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      packages: write # For package cache
+    secrets:
+      GPG_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.GPG_SIGNING_KEY }}
+
+  publish:
+    needs: [prepare, build]
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/publish.yml
+    secrets:
+      ARCHIVE_REPO_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ARCHIVE_REPO_TOKEN }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    with:
+      nightly: true
+      version: ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version }}
+      target_commitish: ${{ github.sha }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yml b/.github/workflows/release.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e07fc0c077
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+name: Release
+on: workflow_dispatch
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  prepare:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      version: ${{ steps.update_version.outputs.version }}
+      head_sha: ${{ steps.push_release.outputs.head_sha }}
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.10"
+
+      - name: Update version
+        id: update_version
+        run: |
+          python devscripts/update-version.py ${{ vars.PUSH_VERSION_COMMIT == '' && '"$(date -u +"%H%M%S")"' || '' }} | \
+            grep -Po "version=\d+\.\d+\.\d+(\.\d+)?" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+      - name: Update documentation
+        run: |
+          make doc
+          sed '/### /Q' Changelog.md >> ./CHANGELOG
+          echo '### ${{ steps.update_version.outputs.version }}' >> ./CHANGELOG
+          python ./devscripts/make_changelog.py -vv -c >> ./CHANGELOG
+          echo >> ./CHANGELOG
+          grep -Poz '(?s)### \d+\.\d+\.\d+.+' 'Changelog.md' | head -n -1 >> ./CHANGELOG
+          cat ./CHANGELOG > Changelog.md
+
+      - name: Push to release
+        id: push_release
+        run: |
+          git config --global user.name github-actions
+          git config --global user.email github-actions@example.com
+          git add -u
+          git commit -m "Release ${{ steps.update_version.outputs.version }}" \
+            -m "Created by: ${{ github.event.sender.login }}" -m ":ci skip all :ci run dl"
+          git push origin --force ${{ github.event.ref }}:release
+          echo "head_sha=$(git rev-parse HEAD)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+      - name: Update master
+        if: vars.PUSH_VERSION_COMMIT != ''
+        run: git push origin ${{ github.event.ref }}
+
+  publish_pypi_homebrew:
+    needs: prepare
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.10"
+
+      - name: Install Requirements
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get -y install pandoc man
+          python -m pip install -U pip setuptools wheel twine
+          python -m pip install -U -r requirements.txt
+
+      - name: Prepare
+        run: |
+          python devscripts/update-version.py ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version }}
+          python devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
+
+      - name: Build and publish on PyPI
+        env:
+          TWINE_USERNAME: __token__
+          TWINE_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.PYPI_TOKEN }}
+        if: env.TWINE_PASSWORD != ''
+        run: |
+          rm -rf dist/*
+          make pypi-files
+          python devscripts/set-variant.py pip -M "You installed yt-dlp with pip or using the wheel from PyPi; Use that to update"
+          python setup.py sdist bdist_wheel
+          twine upload dist/*
+
+      - name: Checkout Homebrew repository
+        env:
+          BREW_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.BREW_TOKEN }}
+          PYPI_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.PYPI_TOKEN }}
+        if: env.BREW_TOKEN != '' && env.PYPI_TOKEN != ''
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          repository: yt-dlp/homebrew-taps
+          path: taps
+          ssh-key: ${{ secrets.BREW_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Update Homebrew Formulae
+        env:
+          BREW_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.BREW_TOKEN }}
+          PYPI_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.PYPI_TOKEN }}
+        if: env.BREW_TOKEN != '' && env.PYPI_TOKEN != ''
+        run: |
+          python devscripts/update-formulae.py taps/Formula/yt-dlp.rb "${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version }}"
+          git -C taps/ config user.name github-actions
+          git -C taps/ config user.email github-actions@example.com
+          git -C taps/ commit -am 'yt-dlp: ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version }}'
+          git -C taps/ push
+
+  build:
+    needs: prepare
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/build.yml
+    with:
+      version: ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      packages: write # For package cache
+    secrets:
+      GPG_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.GPG_SIGNING_KEY }}
+
+  publish:
+    needs: [prepare, build]
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/publish.yml
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    with:
+      version: ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version }}
+      target_commitish: ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.head_sha }}
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 2e84762bcd..507ba8c7f1 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -30,16 +30,18 @@ cookies
 *.f4v
 *.flac
 *.flv
+*.gif
 *.jpeg
 *.jpg
 *.m4a
-*.mpga
 *.m4v
 *.mhtml
 *.mkv
 *.mov
 *.mp3
 *.mp4
+*.mpga
+*.oga
 *.ogg
 *.opus
 *.png
@@ -47,6 +49,7 @@ cookies
 *.srt
 *.swf
 *.swp
+*.tt
 *.ttml
 *.url
 *.vtt
@@ -69,6 +72,7 @@ dist/
 zip/
 tmp/
 venv/
+.venv/
 completions/
 
 # Misc
@@ -85,6 +89,7 @@ updates_key.pem
 .tox
 *.class
 *.isorted
+*.stackdump
 
 # Generated
 AUTHORS
@@ -116,9 +121,5 @@ yt-dlp.zip
 */extractor/lazy_extractors.py
 
 # Plugins
-ytdlp_plugins/extractor/*
-!ytdlp_plugins/extractor/__init__.py
-!ytdlp_plugins/extractor/sample.py
-ytdlp_plugins/postprocessor/*
-!ytdlp_plugins/postprocessor/__init__.py
-!ytdlp_plugins/postprocessor/sample.py
+ytdlp_plugins/
+yt-dlp-plugins
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index a8ac671dcf..ae2c454239 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ While these steps won't necessarily ensure that no misuse of the account takes p
 
 ### Is the website primarily used for piracy?
 
-We follow [youtube-dl's policy](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl#can-you-add-support-for-this-anime-video-site-or-site-which-shows-current-movies-for-free) to not support services that is primarily used for infringing copyright. Additionally, it has been decided to not to support porn sites that specialize in deep fake. We also cannot support any service that serves only [DRM protected content](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_rights_management). 
+We follow [youtube-dl's policy](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl#can-you-add-support-for-this-anime-video-site-or-site-which-shows-current-movies-for-free) to not support services that is primarily used for infringing copyright. Additionally, it has been decided to not to support porn sites that specialize in fakes. We also cannot support any service that serves only [DRM protected content](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_rights_management). 
 
 
 
@@ -351,8 +351,9 @@ Say you extracted a list of thumbnails into `thumbnail_data` and want to iterate
 ```python
 thumbnail_data = data.get('thumbnails') or []
 thumbnails = [{
-    'url': item['url']
-} for item in thumbnail_data]  # correct
+    'url': item['url'],
+    'height': item.get('h'),
+} for item in thumbnail_data if item.get('url')]  # correct
 ```
 
 and not like:
@@ -360,12 +361,27 @@ and not like:
 ```python
 thumbnail_data = data.get('thumbnails')
 thumbnails = [{
-    'url': item['url']
+    'url': item['url'],
+    'height': item.get('h'),
 } for item in thumbnail_data]  # incorrect
 ```
 
 In this case, `thumbnail_data` will be `None` if the field was not found and this will cause the loop `for item in thumbnail_data` to raise a fatal error. Using `or []` avoids this error and results in setting an empty list in `thumbnails` instead.
 
+Alternately, this can be further simplified by using `traverse_obj`
+
+```python
+thumbnails = [{
+    'url': item['url'],
+    'height': item.get('h'),
+} for item in traverse_obj(data, ('thumbnails', lambda _, v: v['url']))]
+```
+
+or, even better,
+
+```python
+thumbnails = traverse_obj(data, ('thumbnails', ..., {'url': 'url', 'height': 'h'}))
+```
 
 ### Provide fallbacks
 
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTORS b/CONTRIBUTORS
index 7859170568..d6ba617b75 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTORS
+++ b/CONTRIBUTORS
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ shirt-dev (collaborator)
 coletdjnz/colethedj (collaborator)
 Ashish0804 (collaborator)
 nao20010128nao/Lesmiscore (collaborator)
+bashonly (collaborator)
+Grub4K (collaborator)
 h-h-h-h
 pauldubois98
 nixxo
@@ -295,7 +297,6 @@ Mehavoid
 winterbird-code
 yashkc2025
 aldoridhoni
-bashonly
 jacobtruman
 masta79
 palewire
@@ -309,3 +310,102 @@ shreyasminocha
 tejasa97
 xenov
 satan1st
+0xGodspeed
+5736d79
+587021c
+basrieter
+Bobscorn
+CNugteren
+columndeeply
+DoubleCouponDay
+Fabi019
+GautamMKGarg
+itachi-19
+jeroenj
+josanabr
+LiviaMedeiros
+nikita-moor
+snapdgn
+SuperSonicHub1
+tannertechnology
+Timendum
+tobi1805
+TokyoBlackHole
+ajayyy
+Alienmaster
+bsun0000
+changren-wcr
+ClosedPort22
+CrankDatSouljaBoy
+cruel-efficiency
+endotronic
+Generator
+gibson042
+How-Bout-No
+invertico
+jahway603
+jwoglom
+lksj
+megapro17
+mlampe
+MrOctopus
+nosoop
+puc9
+sashashura
+schnusch
+SG5
+the-marenga
+tkgmomosheep
+vitkhab
+glensc
+synthpop123
+tntmod54321
+milkknife
+Bnyro
+CapacitorSet
+stelcodes
+skbeh
+muddi900
+digitall
+chengzhicn
+mexus
+JChris246
+redraskal
+Spicadox
+barsnick
+docbender
+KurtBestor
+Chrissi2812
+FrederikNS
+gschizas
+JC-Chung
+mzhou
+OndrejBakan
+ab4cbef
+aionescu
+amra
+ByteDream
+carusocr
+chexxor
+felixonmars
+FrankZ85
+FriedrichRehren
+gregsadetsky
+LeoniePhiline
+LowSuggestion912
+Matumo
+OIRNOIR
+OMEGARAZER
+oxamun
+pmitchell86
+qbnu
+qulaz
+rebane2001
+road-master
+rohieb
+sdht0
+seproDev
+Hill-98
+LXYan2333
+mushbite
+venkata-krishnas
diff --git a/Changelog.md b/Changelog.md
index 561b88ce63..186998edee 100644
--- a/Changelog.md
+++ b/Changelog.md
@@ -1,15 +1,575 @@
 # Changelog
 
 <!--
-# Instuctions for creating release
-
-* Run `make doc`
-* Update Changelog.md and CONTRIBUTORS
-* Change "Based on ytdl" version in Readme.md if needed
-* Commit as `Release <version>` and push to master
-* Dispatch the workflow https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/actions/workflows/build.yml on master
+# To create a release, dispatch the https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/actions/workflows/release.yml workflow on master
 -->
 
+### 2023.03.04
+
+#### Extractor changes
+- bilibili
+    - [Fix for downloading wrong subtitles](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/8a83baaf218ab89e6e7faa76b7c7be3a2ec19e3a) ([#6358](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6358)) by [LXYan2333](https://github.com/LXYan2333)
+- ESPNcricinfo
+    - [Handle new URL pattern](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/640c934823fc2d1ec77ec932566078014058635f) ([#6321](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6321)) by [venkata-krishnas](https://github.com/venkata-krishnas)
+- lefigaro
+    - [Add extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/eb8fd6d044e8926532772b72be0645c6b8ecb3aa) ([#6309](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6309)) by [elyse0](https://github.com/elyse0)
+- lumni
+    - [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/1f8489cccbdc6e96027ef527b88717458f0900e8) ([#6302](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6302)) by [carusocr](https://github.com/carusocr)
+- Prankcast
+    - [Fix tags](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ed4cc4ea793314c50ae3f82e98248c1de1c25694) ([#6316](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6316)) by [columndeeply](https://github.com/columndeeply)
+- rutube
+    - [Extract chapters from description](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/22ccd5420b3eb0782776071f12cccd1fedaa1fd0) ([#6345](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6345)) by [mushbite](https://github.com/mushbite)
+- SportDeutschland
+    - [Rewrite extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/45db357289b4e1eec09093c8bc5446520378f426) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- telecaribe
+    - [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b40471282286bd2b09c485bf79afd271d229272c) ([#6311](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6311)) by [elyse0](https://github.com/elyse0)
+- tubetugraz
+    - [Support `--twofactor` (#6424)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f44cb4e77bb9be8be291d02ab6f79dc0b4c0d4a1) ([#6427](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6427)) by [Ferdi265](https://github.com/Ferdi265)
+- tunein
+    - [Fix extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/46580ced56c90b559885aded6aa8f46f20a9cdce) ([#6310](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6310)) by [elyse0](https://github.com/elyse0)
+- twitch
+    - [Update for GraphQL API changes](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/4a6272c6d1bff89969b67cd22b26ebe6d7e72279) ([#6318](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6318)) by [elyse0](https://github.com/elyse0)
+- twitter
+    - [Fix retweet extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/cf605226521e99c89fc8dff26a319025810e63a0) ([#6422](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6422)) by [selfisekai](https://github.com/selfisekai)
+- xvideos
+    - quickies: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/283a0b5bc511f3b350eead4488158f50c20ec526) ([#6414](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6414)) by [Yakabuff](https://github.com/Yakabuff)
+
+#### Misc. changes
+- build
+    - [Fix publishing to PyPI and homebrew](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/55676fe498345a389a2539d8baaba958d6d61c3e) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - [Only archive if `vars.ARCHIVE_REPO` is set](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/08ff6d59f97b5f5f0128f6bf6fbef56fd836cc52) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+- cleanup
+    - Miscellaneous: [392389b](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/392389b7df7b818f794b231f14dc396d4875fbad) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- devscripts
+    - `make_changelog`: [Stop at `Release ...` commit](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7accdd9845fe7ce9d0aa5a9d16faaa489c1294eb) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+
+### 2023.03.03
+
+#### Important changes
+- **A new release type has been added!**
+    * [`nightly`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/tag/nightly) builds will be made after each push, containing the latest fixes (but also possibly bugs).
+    * When using `--update`/`-U`, a release binary will only update to its current channel (either `stable` or `nightly`).
+    * The `--update-to` option has been added allowing the user more control over program upgrades (or downgrades).
+    * `--update-to` can change the release channel (`stable`, `nightly`) and also upgrade or downgrade to specific tags.
+    * **Usage**: `--update-to CHANNEL`, `--update-to TAG`, `--update-to CHANNEL@TAG`
+- **YouTube throttling fixes!**
+
+#### Core changes
+- [Add option `--break-match-filters`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/fe2ce85aff0aa03735fc0152bb8cb9c3d4ef0753) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- [Fix `--break-on-existing` with `--lazy-playlist`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/d21056f4cf0a1623daa107f9181074f5725ac436) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- dependencies
+    - [Simplify `Cryptodome`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/65f6e807804d2af5e00f2aecd72bfc43af19324a) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- jsinterp
+    - [Handle `Date` at epoch 0](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9acf1ee25f7ad3920ede574a9de95b8c18626af4) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- plugins
+    - [Don't look in `.egg` directories](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b059188383eee4fa336ef728dda3ff4bb7335625) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- update
+    - [Add option `--update-to`, including to nightly](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/77df20f14cc9ed41dfe3a1fe2d77fd27f5365a94) ([#6220](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6220)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- utils
+    - `LenientJSONDecoder`: [Parse unclosed objects](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/cc09083636ce21e58ff74f45eac2dbda507462b0) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+    - `Popen`: [Shim undocumented `text_mode` property](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/da8e2912b165005f76779a115a071cd6132ceedf) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+
+#### Extractor changes
+- [Fix DRM detection in m3u8](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/43a3eaf96393b712d60cbcf5c6cb1e90ed7f42f5) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- generic
+    - [Detect manifest links via extension](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b38cae49e6f4849c8ee2a774bdc3c1c647ae5f0e) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - [Handle basic-auth when checking redirects](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/8e9fe43cd393e69fa49b3d842aa3180c1d105b8f) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- GoogleDrive
+    - [Fix some audio](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/4d248e29d20d983ededab0b03d4fe69dff9eb4ed) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- iprima
+    - [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9fddc12ab022a31754e0eaa358fc4e1dfa974587) ([#6291](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6291)) by [std-move](https://github.com/std-move)
+- mediastream
+    - [Improve WinSports support](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/2d5a8c5db2bd4ff1c2e45e00cd890a10f8ffca9e) ([#6401](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6401)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- ntvru
+    - [Extract HLS and DASH formats](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/77d6d136468d0c23c8e79bc937898747804f585a) ([#6403](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6403)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- tencent
+    - [Add more formats and info](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/18d295c9e0f95adc179eef345b7af64d6372db78) ([#5950](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5950)) by [Hill-98](https://github.com/Hill-98)
+- yle_areena
+    - [Extract non-Kaltura videos](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/40d77d89027cd0e0ce31d22aec81db3e1d433900) ([#6402](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6402)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- youtube
+    - [Construct dash formats with `range` query](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5038f6d713303e0967d002216e7a88652401c22a) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan) (With fixes in [f34804b](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f34804b2f920f62a6e893a14a9e2a2144b14dd23) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz))
+    - [Detect and break on looping comments](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7f51861b1820c37b157a239b1fe30628d907c034) ([#6301](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6301)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+    - [Extract channel `view_count` when `/about` tab is passed](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/31e183557fcd1b937582f9429f29207c1261f501) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+
+#### Misc. changes
+- build
+    - [Add `cffi` as a dependency for `yt_dlp_linux`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/776d1c3f0c9b00399896dd2e40e78e9a43218109) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - [Automated builds and nightly releases](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/29cb20bd563c02671b31dd840139e93dd37150a1) ([#6220](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6220)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K) (With fixes in [bfc861a](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/bfc861a91ee65c9b0ac169754f512e052c6827cf) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan))
+    - [Sign SHA files and release public key](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/12647e03d417feaa9ea6a458bea5ebd747494a53) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+- cleanup
+    - [Fix `Changelog`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/17ca19ab60a6a13eb8a629c51442b5248b0d8394) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+    - jsinterp: [Give functions names to help debugging](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b2e0343ba0fc5d8702e90f6ba2b71358e2677e0b) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+    - Miscellaneous: [4815bbf](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/4815bbfc41cf641e4a0650289dbff968cb3bde76), [5b28cef](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5b28cef72db3b531680d89c121631c73ae05354f) by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+- devscripts
+    - [Script to generate changelog](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/d400e261cf029a3f20d364113b14de973be75404) ([#6220](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6220)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K) (With fixes in [9344964](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/93449642815a6973a4b09b289982ca7e1f961b5f))
+
+### 2023.02.17
+
+* Merge youtube-dl: Upto [commit/2dd6c6e](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/2dd6c6e)
+* Fix `--concat-playlist`
+* Imply `--no-progress` when `--print`
+* Improve default subtitle language selection by [sdht0](https://github.com/sdht0)
+* Make `title` completely non-fatal
+* Sanitize formats before sorting by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* Support module level `__bool__` and `property`
+* [dependencies] Standardize `Cryptodome` imports
+* [hls] Allow extractors to provide AES key by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [ExtractAudio] Handle outtmpl without ext by [carusocr](https://github.com/carusocr)
+* [extractor/common] Fix `_search_nuxt_data` by [LowSuggestion912](https://github.com/LowSuggestion912)
+* [extractor/generic] Avoid catastrophic backtracking in KVS regex by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [jsinterp] Support `if` statements
+* [plugins] Fix zip search paths
+* [utils] `traverse_obj`:  Various improvements by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [utils] `traverse_obj`: Fix more bugs
+* [utils] `traverse_obj`: Fix several behavioral problems by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [utils] Don't use Content-length with encoding by [felixonmars](https://github.com/felixonmars)
+* [utils] Fix `time_seconds` to use the provided TZ by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore)
+* [utils] Fix race condition in `make_dir` by [aionescu](https://github.com/aionescu)
+* [utils] Use local kernel32 for file locking on Windows by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [compat_utils] Improve `passthrough_module`
+* [compat_utils] Simplify `EnhancedModule`
+* [build] Update pyinstaller
+* [pyinst] Fix for pyinstaller 5.8
+* [devscripts] Provide `pyinstaller` hooks
+* [devscripts/pyinstaller] Analyze sub-modules of `Cryptodome`
+* [cleanup] Misc fixes and cleanup
+* [extractor/anchorfm] Add episode extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/boxcast] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/ebay] Add extractor by [JChris246](https://github.com/JChris246)
+* [extractor/hypergryph] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/NZOnScreen] Add extractor by [gregsadetsky](https://github.com/gregsadetsky), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/rozhlas] Add extractor RozhlasVltavaIE by [amra](https://github.com/amra)
+* [extractor/tempo] Add IVXPlayer extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/txxx] Add extractors by [chio0hai](https://github.com/chio0hai)
+* [extractor/vocaroo] Add extractor by [SuperSonicHub1](https://github.com/SuperSonicHub1), [qbnu](https://github.com/qbnu)
+* [extractor/wrestleuniverse] Add extractors by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/yappy] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev), [dirkf](https://github.com/dirkf)
+* [extractor/youtube] **Fix `uploader_id` extraction** by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/youtube] Add hyperpipe instances by [Generator](https://github.com/Generator)
+* [extractor/youtube] Handle `consent.youtube`
+* [extractor/youtube] Support `/live/` URL
+* [extractor/youtube] Update invidious and piped instances by [rohieb](https://github.com/rohieb)
+* [extractor/91porn] Fix title and comment extraction by [pmitchell86](https://github.com/pmitchell86)
+* [extractor/AbemaTV] Cache user token whenever appropriate by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore)
+* [extractor/bfmtv] Support `rmc` prefix by [carusocr](https://github.com/carusocr)
+* [extractor/biliintl] Add intro and ending chapters by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/clyp] Support `wav` by [qulaz](https://github.com/qulaz)
+* [extractor/crunchyroll] Add intro chapter by [ByteDream](https://github.com/ByteDream)
+* [extractor/crunchyroll] Better message for premium videos
+* [extractor/crunchyroll] Fix incorrect premium-only error by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [extractor/DouyuTV] Use new API by [hatienl0i261299](https://github.com/hatienl0i261299)
+* [extractor/embedly] Embedded links may be for other extractors
+* [extractor/freesound] Workaround invalid URL in webpage by [rebane2001](https://github.com/rebane2001)
+* [extractor/GoPlay] Use new API by [jeroenj](https://github.com/jeroenj)
+* [extractor/Hidive] Fix subtitles and age-restriction by [chexxor](https://github.com/chexxor)
+* [extractor/huya] Support HD streams by [felixonmars](https://github.com/felixonmars)
+* [extractor/moviepilot] Fix extractor by [panatexxa](https://github.com/panatexxa)
+* [extractor/nbc] Fix `NBC` and `NBCStations` extractors by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/nbc] Fix XML parsing by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/nebula] Remove broken cookie support by [hheimbuerger](https://github.com/hheimbuerger)
+* [extractor/nfl] Add `NFLPlus` extractors by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/niconico] Add support for like history by [Matumo](https://github.com/Matumo), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/nitter] Update instance list by [OIRNOIR](https://github.com/OIRNOIR)
+* [extractor/npo] Fix extractor and add HD support by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+* [extractor/odkmedia] Add `OnDemandChinaEpisodeIE` by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/pornez] Handle relative URLs in iframe by [JChris246](https://github.com/JChris246)
+* [extractor/radiko] Fix format sorting for Time Free by [road-master](https://github.com/road-master)
+* [extractor/rcs] Fix extractors by [nixxo](https://github.com/nixxo), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/reddit] Support user posts by [OMEGARAZER](https://github.com/OMEGARAZER)
+* [extractor/rumble] Fix format sorting by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/servus] Rewrite extractor by [Ashish0804](https://github.com/Ashish0804), [FrankZ85](https://github.com/FrankZ85), [StefanLobbenmeier](https://github.com/StefanLobbenmeier)
+* [extractor/slideslive] Fix slides and chapters/duration by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/SportDeutschland] Fix extractor by [FriedrichRehren](https://github.com/FriedrichRehren)
+* [extractor/Stripchat] Fix extractor by [JChris246](https://github.com/JChris246), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/tnaflix] Fix extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [oxamun](https://github.com/oxamun)
+* [extractor/tvp] Support `stream.tvp.pl` by [selfisekai](https://github.com/selfisekai)
+* [extractor/twitter] Fix `--no-playlist` and add media `view_count` when using GraphQL by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [extractor/twitter] Fix graphql extraction on some tweets by [selfisekai](https://github.com/selfisekai)
+* [extractor/vimeo] Fix `playerConfig` extraction by [LeoniePhiline](https://github.com/LeoniePhiline), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/viu] Add `ViuOTTIndonesiaIE` extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/vk] Fix playlists for new API by [the-marenga](https://github.com/the-marenga)
+* [extractor/vlive] Replace with `VLiveWebArchiveIE` by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+* [extractor/ximalaya] Update album `_VALID_URL` by [carusocr](https://github.com/carusocr)
+* [extractor/zdf] Use android API endpoint for UHD downloads by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+* [extractor/drtv] Fix bug in [ab4cbef](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ab4cbef) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+
+
+### 2023.01.06
+
+* Fix config locations by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [downloader/aria2c] Disable native progress
+* [utils] `mimetype2ext`: `weba` is not standard
+* [utils] `windows_enable_vt_mode`: Better error handling
+* [build] Add minimal `pyproject.toml`
+* [update] Fix updater file removal on windows by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [cleanup] Misc fixes and cleanup
+* [extractor/aitube] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/drtv] Add series extractors by [FrederikNS](https://github.com/FrederikNS)
+* [extractor/volejtv] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/xanimu] Add extractor by [JChris246](https://github.com/JChris246)
+* [extractor/youtube] Retry manifest refresh for live-from-start by [mzhou](https://github.com/mzhou)
+* [extractor/biliintl] Add `/media` to `VALID_URL` by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/biliIntl] Add fallback to `video_data` by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/crunchyroll:show] Add `language` to entries by [Chrissi2812](https://github.com/Chrissi2812)
+* [extractor/joj] Fix extractor by [OndrejBakan](https://github.com/OndrejBakan), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/nbc] Update graphql query by [jacobtruman](https://github.com/jacobtruman)
+* [extractor/reddit] Add subreddit as `channel_id` by [gschizas](https://github.com/gschizas)
+* [extractor/tiktok] Add `TikTokLive` extractor by [JC-Chung](https://github.com/JC-Chung)
+
+### 2023.01.02
+
+* **Improve plugin architecture** by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [flashdagger](https://github.com/flashdagger), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+    * Plugins can be loaded in any distribution of yt-dlp (binary, pip, source, etc.) and can be distributed and installed as packages. See [the readme](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/tree/05997b6e98e638d97d409c65bb5eb86da68f3b64#plugins) for more information
+* Add `--compat-options 2021,2022`
+    * This allows devs to change defaults and make other potentially breaking changes more easily. If you need everything to work exactly as-is, put Use `--compat 2022` in your config to guard against future compat changes.
+* [downloader/aria2c] Native progress for aria2c via RPC by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* Merge youtube-dl: Upto [commit/195f22f](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/195f22f6) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* Add pre-processor stage `video`
+* Let `--parse/replace-in-metadata` run at any post-processing stage
+* Add `--enable-file-urls` by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* Add new field `aspect_ratio`
+* Add `ac4` to known codecs
+* Add `weba` to known extensions
+* [FFmpegVideoConvertor] Add `gif` to `--recode-video`
+* Add message when there are no subtitles/thumbnails
+* Deprioritize HEVC-over-FLV formats by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore)
+* Make early reject of `--match-filter` stricter
+* Fix `--cookies-from-browser` CLI parsing
+* Fix `original_url` in playlists
+* Fix bug in writing playlist info-json
+* Fix bugs in `PlaylistEntries`
+* [downloader/ffmpeg] Fix headers for video+audio formats by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor] Add a way to distinguish IEs that returns only videos
+* [extractor] Implement universal format sorting and deprecate `_sort_formats`
+* [extractor] Let `_extract_format` functions obey `--ignore-no-formats`
+* [extractor/generic] Add `fragment_query` extractor arg for DASH and HLS by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/generic] Decode unicode-escaped embed URLs by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/generic] Don't report redirect to https
+* [extractor/generic] Fix JSON LD manifest extraction by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/generic] Use `Accept-Encoding: identity` for initial request by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [FormatSort] Add `mov` to `vext`
+* [jsinterp] Escape regex that looks like nested set
+* [webvtt] Handle premature EOF by [flashdagger](https://github.com/flashdagger)
+* [utils] `classproperty`: Add cache support
+* [utils] `get_exe_version`: Detect broken executables by [dirkf](https://github.com/dirkf), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [utils] `js_to_json`: Fix bug in [f55523c](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f55523c) by [ChillingPepper](https://github.com/ChillingPepper), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [utils] Make `ExtractorError` mutable
+* [utils] Move `FileDownloader.parse_bytes` into utils
+* [utils] Move format sorting code into `utils`
+* [utils] `windows_enable_vt_mode`: Proper implementation by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [update] Workaround [#5632](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5632)
+* [docs] Improvements
+* [cleanup] Misc fixes and cleanup
+* [cleanup] Use `random.choices` by [freezboltz](https://github.com/freezboltz)
+* [extractor/airtv] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/amazonminitv] Add extractors by [GautamMKGarg](https://github.com/GautamMKGarg), [nyuszika7h](https://github.com/nyuszika7h)
+* [extractor/beatbump] Add extractors by [Bobscorn](https://github.com/Bobscorn), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/europarl] Add EuroParlWebstream extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/kanal2] Add extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [glensc](https://github.com/glensc), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/kankanews] Add extractor by [synthpop123](https://github.com/synthpop123)
+* [extractor/kick] Add extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/mediastream] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev), [elyse0](https://github.com/elyse0)
+* [extractor/noice] Add NoicePodcast extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/oneplace] Add OnePlacePodcast extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/rumble] Add RumbleIE extractor by [flashdagger](https://github.com/flashdagger)
+* [extractor/screencastify] Add extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/trtcocuk] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/Veoh] Add user extractor by [tntmod54321](https://github.com/tntmod54321)
+* [extractor/videoken] Add extractors by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/webcamerapl] Add extractor by [milkknife](https://github.com/milkknife)
+* [extractor/amazon] Add `AmazonReviews` extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/netverse] Add `NetverseSearch` extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/vimeo] Add `VimeoProIE` by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/xiami] Remove extractors by [synthpop123](https://github.com/synthpop123)
+* [extractor/youtube] Add `piped.video` by [Bnyro](https://github.com/Bnyro)
+* [extractor/youtube] Consider language in format de-duplication
+* [extractor/youtube] Extract DRC formats
+* [extractor/youtube] Fix `ytuser:`
+* [extractor/youtube] Fix bug in handling of music URLs
+* [extractor/youtube] Subtitles cannot be translated to `und`
+* [extractor/youtube:tab] Extract metadata from channel items by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/ARD] Add vtt subtitles by [CapacitorSet](https://github.com/CapacitorSet)
+* [extractor/ArteTV] Extract chapters by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [iw0nderhow](https://github.com/iw0nderhow)
+* [extractor/bandcamp] Add `album_artist` by [stelcodes](https://github.com/stelcodes)
+* [extractor/bilibili] Fix `--no-playlist` for anthology
+* [extractor/bilibili] Improve `_VALID_URL` by [skbeh](https://github.com/skbeh)
+* [extractor/biliintl:series] Make partial download of series faster
+* [extractor/BiliLive] Fix extractor
+* [extractor/brightcove] Add `BrightcoveNewBaseIE` and fix embed extraction
+* [extractor/cda] Support premium and misc improvements by [selfisekai](https://github.com/selfisekai)
+* [extractor/ciscowebex] Support password-protected videos by [damianoamatruda](https://github.com/damianoamatruda)
+* [extractor/curiositystream] Fix auth by [mnn](https://github.com/mnn)
+* [extractor/embedly] Handle vimeo embeds
+* [extractor/fifa] Fix Preplay extraction by [dirkf](https://github.com/dirkf)
+* [extractor/foxsports] Fix extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/gronkh] Fix `_VALID_URL` by [muddi900](https://github.com/muddi900)
+* [extractor/hotstar] Improve format metadata
+* [extractor/iqiyi] Fix `Iq` JS regex by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/la7] Improve extractor by [nixxo](https://github.com/nixxo)
+* [extractor/mediaset] Better embed detection and error messages by [nixxo](https://github.com/nixxo)
+* [extractor/mixch] Support `--wait-for-video`
+* [extractor/naver] Improve `_VALID_URL` for `NaverNowIE` by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/naver] Treat fan subtitles as separate language
+* [extractor/netverse] Extract comments by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/nosnl] Add support for /video by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/odnoklassniki] Extract subtitles by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/pinterest] Fix extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/plutotv] Fix videos with non-zero start by [digitall](https://github.com/digitall)
+* [extractor/polskieradio] Adapt to next.js redesigns by [selfisekai](https://github.com/selfisekai)
+* [extractor/reddit] Add vcodec to fallback format by [chengzhicn](https://github.com/chengzhicn)
+* [extractor/reddit] Extract crossposted media by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/reddit] Extract video embeds in text posts by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/rutube] Support private videos by [mexus](https://github.com/mexus)
+* [extractor/sibnet] Separate from VKIE
+* [extractor/slideslive] Fix extractor by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/slideslive] Support embeds and slides by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/soundcloud] Support user permalink by [nosoop](https://github.com/nosoop)
+* [extractor/spankbang] Fix extractor by [JChris246](https://github.com/JChris246)
+* [extractor/stv] Detect DRM
+* [extractor/swearnet] Fix description bug
+* [extractor/tencent] Fix geo-restricted video by [elyse0](https://github.com/elyse0)
+* [extractor/tiktok] Fix subs, `DouyinIE`, improve `_VALID_URL` by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/tiktok] Update `_VALID_URL`, add `api_hostname` arg by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/tiktok] Update API hostname by [redraskal](https://github.com/redraskal)
+* [extractor/twitcasting] Fix videos with password by [Spicadox](https://github.com/Spicadox), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/twitter] Heed `--no-playlist` for multi-video tweets by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/twitter] Refresh guest token when expired by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/twitter:spaces] Add `Referer` to m3u8 by [nixxo](https://github.com/nixxo)
+* [extractor/udemy] Fix lectures that have no URL and detect DRM
+* [extractor/unsupported] Add more URLs
+* [extractor/urplay] Support for audio-only formats by [barsnick](https://github.com/barsnick)
+* [extractor/wistia] Improve extension detection by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/yle_areena] Support restricted videos by [docbender](https://github.com/docbender)
+* [extractor/youku] Fix extractor by [KurtBestor](https://github.com/KurtBestor)
+* [extractor/youporn] Fix metadata by [marieell](https://github.com/marieell)
+* [extractor/redgifs] Fix bug in [8c188d5](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/8c188d5d09177ed213a05c900d3523867c5897fd)
+
+
+### 2022.11.11
+
+* Merge youtube-dl: Upto [commit/de39d12](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/de39d128)
+* Backport SSL configuration from Python 3.10 by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* Do more processing in `--flat-playlist`
+* Fix `--list` options not implying `-s` in some cases by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* Fix end time of clips by [cruel-efficiency](https://github.com/cruel-efficiency)
+* Fix for `formats=None`
+* Write API params in debug head
+* [outtmpl] Ensure ASCII in json and add option for Unicode
+* [SponsorBlock] Add `type` field, obey `--retry-sleep extractor`, relax duration check for large segments
+* [SponsorBlock] **Support `chapter` category** by [ajayyy](https://github.com/ajayyy), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [ThumbnailsConvertor] Fix filename escaping by [dirkf](https://github.com/dirkf), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [ModifyChapters] Handle the entire video being marked for removal
+* [embedthumbnail] Fix thumbnail name in mp3 by [How-Bout-No](https://github.com/How-Bout-No)
+* [downloader/fragment] HLS download can continue without first fragment
+* [cookies] Improve `LenientSimpleCookie` by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [jsinterp] Improve separating regex
+* [extractor/common] Fix `fatal=False` for `_search_nuxt_data`
+* [extractor/common] Improve `_generic_title`
+* [extractor/common] Fix `json_ld` type checks by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [extractor/generic] Separate embed extraction into own function
+* [extractor/generic:quoted-html] Add extractor by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/unsupported] Raise error on known DRM-only sites by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [utils] `js_to_json`: Improve escape handling by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [utils] `strftime_or_none`: Workaround Python bug on Windows
+* [utils] `traverse_obj`: Always return list when branching, allow `re.Match` objects by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [build, test] Harden workflows' security by [sashashura](https://github.com/sashashura)
+* [build] `py2exe`: Migrate to freeze API by [SG5](https://github.com/SG5), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [build] Create `armv7l` and `aarch64` releases by [MrOctopus](https://github.com/MrOctopus), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [build] Make linux binary truly standalone using `conda` by [mlampe](https://github.com/mlampe)
+* [build] Replace `set-output` with `GITHUB_OUTPUT` by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore)
+* [update] Use error code `100` for update errors
+* [compat] Fix `shutils.move` in restricted ACL mode on BSD by [ClosedPort22](https://github.com/ClosedPort22), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [docs, devscripts] Document `pyinst`'s argument passthrough by [jahway603](https://github.com/jahway603)
+* [test] Allow `extract_flat` in download tests by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [cleanup] Misc fixes and cleanup by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan), [Alienmaster](https://github.com/Alienmaster)
+* [extractor/aeon] Add extractor by [DoubleCouponDay](https://github.com/DoubleCouponDay)
+* [extractor/agora] Add extractors by [selfisekai](https://github.com/selfisekai)
+* [extractor/camsoda] Add extractor by [zulaport](https://github.com/zulaport)
+* [extractor/cinetecamilano] Add extractor by [timendum](https://github.com/timendum)
+* [extractor/deuxm] Add extractors by [CrankDatSouljaBoy](https://github.com/CrankDatSouljaBoy)
+* [extractor/genius] Add extractors by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/japandiet] Add extractors by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore)
+* [extractor/listennotes] Add extractor by [lksj](https://github.com/lksj), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/nos.nl] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/oftv] Add extractors by [DoubleCouponDay](https://github.com/DoubleCouponDay)
+* [extractor/podbayfm] Add extractor by [schnusch](https://github.com/schnusch)
+* [extractor/qingting] Add extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [changren-wcr](https://github.com/changren-wcr)
+* [extractor/screen9] Add extractor by [tpikonen](https://github.com/tpikonen)
+* [extractor/swearnet] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/YleAreena] Add extractor by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan), [vitkhab](https://github.com/vitkhab)
+* [extractor/zeenews] Add extractor by [m4tu4g](https://github.com/m4tu4g), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/youtube:tab] **Update tab handling for redesign** by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+    * Channel URLs download all uploads of the channel as multiple playlists, separated by tab
+* [extractor/youtube] Differentiate between no comments and disabled comments by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/youtube] Extract `concurrent_view_count` for livestreams by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/youtube] Fix `duration` for premieres by [nosoop](https://github.com/nosoop)
+* [extractor/youtube] Fix `live_status` by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/youtube] Ignore incomplete data error for comment replies by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/youtube] Improve chapter parsing from description
+* [extractor/youtube] Mark videos as fully watched by [bsun0000](https://github.com/bsun0000)
+* [extractor/youtube] Update piped instances by [Generator](https://github.com/Generator)
+* [extractor/youtube] Update playlist metadata extraction for new layout by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/youtube:tab] Fix video metadata from tabs by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/youtube:tab] Let `approximate_date` return timestamp
+* [extractor/americastestkitchen] Fix extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/bbc] Support onion domains by [DoubleCouponDay](https://github.com/DoubleCouponDay)
+* [extractor/bilibili] Add chapters and misc cleanup by [lockmatrix](https://github.com/lockmatrix), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/bilibili] Fix BilibiliIE and Bangumi extractors by [lockmatrix](https://github.com/lockmatrix), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/bitchute] Better error for geo-restricted videos by [flashdagger](https://github.com/flashdagger)
+* [extractor/bitchute] Improve `BitChuteChannelIE` by [flashdagger](https://github.com/flashdagger), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/bitchute] Simplify extractor by [flashdagger](https://github.com/flashdagger), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/cda] Support login through API by [selfisekai](https://github.com/selfisekai)
+* [extractor/crunchyroll] Beta is now the only layout by [tejing1](https://github.com/tejing1)
+* [extractor/detik] Avoid unnecessary extraction
+* [extractor/doodstream] Remove extractor
+* [extractor/dplay] Add MotorTrendOnDemand extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/epoch] Support videos without data-trailer by [gibson042](https://github.com/gibson042), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/fox] Extract thumbnail by [vitkhab](https://github.com/vitkhab)
+* [extractor/foxnews] Add `FoxNewsVideo` extractor
+* [extractor/hotstar] Add season support by [m4tu4g](https://github.com/m4tu4g)
+* [extractor/hotstar] Refactor v1 API calls
+* [extractor/iprima] Make json+ld non-fatal by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/iq] Increase phantomjs timeout
+* [extractor/kaltura] Support playlists by [jwoglom](https://github.com/jwoglom), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/lbry] Authenticate with cookies by [flashdagger](https://github.com/flashdagger)
+* [extractor/livestreamfails] Support posts by [invertico](https://github.com/invertico)
+* [extractor/mlb] Add `MLBArticle` extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/mxplayer] Improve extractor by [m4tu4g](https://github.com/m4tu4g)
+* [extractor/niconico] Always use HTTPS for requests
+* [extractor/nzherald] Support new video embed by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/odnoklassniki] Support boosty.to embeds by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore), [megapro17](https://github.com/megapro17), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/paramountplus] Update API token by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/reddit] Add fallback format by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/redgifs] Fix extractors by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/redgifs] Refresh auth token for 401 by [endotronic](https://github.com/endotronic), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/rumble] Add HLS formats and extract more metadata by [flashdagger](https://github.com/flashdagger)
+* [extractor/sbs] Improve `_VALID_URL` by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/skyit] Fix extractors by [nixxo](https://github.com/nixxo)
+* [extractor/stripchat] Fix hostname for HLS stream by [zulaport](https://github.com/zulaport)
+* [extractor/stripchat] Improve error message by [freezboltz](https://github.com/freezboltz)
+* [extractor/telegram] Add playlist support and more metadata by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [bsun0000](https://github.com/bsun0000)
+* [extractor/Tnaflix] Fix for HTTP 500 by [SG5](https://github.com/SG5), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/tubitv] Better DRM detection by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/tvp] Update extractors by [selfisekai](https://github.com/selfisekai)
+* [extractor/twitcasting] Fix `data-movie-playlist` extraction by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore)
+* [extractor/twitter] Add onion site to `_VALID_URL` by [DoubleCouponDay](https://github.com/DoubleCouponDay)
+* [extractor/twitter] Add Spaces extractor and GraphQL API by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [nixxo](https://github.com/nixxo), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/twitter] Support multi-video posts by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [extractor/uktvplay] Fix `_VALID_URL`
+* [extractor/viu] Support subtitles of on-screen text by [tkgmomosheep](https://github.com/tkgmomosheep)
+* [extractor/VK] Fix playlist URLs by [the-marenga](https://github.com/the-marenga)
+* [extractor/vlive] Extract `release_timestamp`
+* [extractor/voot] Improve `_VALID_URL` by [freezboltz](https://github.com/freezboltz)
+* [extractor/wordpress:mb.miniAudioPlayer] Add embed extractor by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/YoutubeWebArchive] Improve metadata extraction by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/zee5] Improve `_VALID_URL` by [m4tu4g](https://github.com/m4tu4g)
+* [extractor/zenyandex] Fix extractors by [lksj](https://github.com/lksj), [puc9](https://github.com/puc9), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+
+
+### 2022.10.04
+
+* Allow a `set` to be passed as `download_archive` by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* Allow open ranges for time ranges by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore)
+* Allow plugin extractors to replace the built-in ones
+* Don't download entire video when no matching `--download-sections`
+* Fix `--config-location -`
+* Improve [5736d79](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/5044/commits/5736d79172c47ff84740d5720467370a560febad)
+* Fix for when playlists don't have `webpage_url`
+* Support environment variables in `--ffmpeg-location`
+* Workaround `libc_ver` not be available on Windows Store version of Python
+* [outtmpl] Curly braces to filter keys by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [outtmpl] Make `%s` work in strfformat for all systems
+* [jsinterp] Workaround operator associativity issue
+* [cookies] Let `_get_mac_keyring_password` fail gracefully
+* [cookies] Parse cookies leniently by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [phantomjs] Fix bug in [587021c](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/587021cd9f717181b44e881941aca3f8d753758b) by [elyse0](https://github.com/elyse0)
+* [downloader/aria2c] Fix filename containing leading whitespace by [std-move](https://github.com/std-move)
+* [downloader/ism] Support ec-3 codec by [nixxo](https://github.com/nixxo)
+* [extractor] Fix `fatal=False` in `RetryManager`
+* [extractor] Improve json-ld extraction
+* [extractor] Make `_search_json` able to parse lists
+* [extractor] Escape `%` in `representation_id` of m3u8
+* [extractor/generic] Pass through referer from json-ld
+* [utils] `base_url`: URL paths can contain `&` by [elyse0](https://github.com/elyse0)
+* [utils] `js_to_json`: Improve
+* [utils] `Popen.run`: Fix default return in binary mode
+* [utils] `traverse_obj`: Rewrite, document and add tests by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [devscripts] `make_lazy_extractors`: Fix for Docker by [josanabr](https://github.com/josanabr)
+* [docs] Misc Improvements
+* [cleanup] Misc fixes and cleanup by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan), [gamer191](https://github.com/gamer191)
+* [extractor/24tv.ua] Add extractors by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/BerufeTV] Add extractor by [Fabi019](https://github.com/Fabi019)
+* [extractor/booyah] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev), [elyse0](https://github.com/elyse0)
+* [extractor/bundesliga] Add extractor by [Fabi019](https://github.com/Fabi019)
+* [extractor/GoPlay] Add extractor by [CNugteren](https://github.com/CNugteren), [basrieter](https://github.com/basrieter), [jeroenj](https://github.com/jeroenj)
+* [extractor/iltalehti] Add extractor by [tpikonen](https://github.com/tpikonen)
+* [extractor/IsraelNationalNews] Add extractor by [Bobscorn](https://github.com/Bobscorn)
+* [extractor/mediaworksnzvod] Add extractor by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/MicrosoftEmbed] Add extractor by [DoubleCouponDay](https://github.com/DoubleCouponDay)
+* [extractor/nbc] Add NBCStations extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/onenewsnz] Add extractor by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/prankcast] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev), [columndeeply](https://github.com/columndeeply)
+* [extractor/Smotrim] Add extractor by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore), [nikita-moor](https://github.com/nikita-moor)
+* [extractor/tencent] Add Iflix extractor by [elyse0](https://github.com/elyse0)
+* [extractor/unscripted] Add extractor by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/adobepass] Add MSO AlticeOne (Optimum TV) by [CplPwnies](https://github.com/CplPwnies)
+* [extractor/youtube] **Download `post_live` videos from start** by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/youtube] Add support for Shorts audio pivot feed by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/youtube] Detect `lazy-load-for-videos` embeds
+* [extractor/youtube] Do not warn on duplicate chapters
+* [extractor/youtube] Fix video like count extraction by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/youtube] Support changing extraction language by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/youtube:tab] Improve continuation items extraction
+* [extractor/youtube:tab] Support `reporthistory` page
+* [extractor/amazonstore] Fix JSON extraction by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/amazonstore] Retry to avoid captcha page by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore)
+* [extractor/animeondemand] Remove extractor by [TokyoBlackHole](https://github.com/TokyoBlackHole)
+* [extractor/anvato] Fix extractor and refactor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/artetv] Remove duplicate stream urls by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [extractor/audioboom] Support direct URLs and refactor by [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan), [tpikonen](https://github.com/tpikonen)
+* [extractor/bandcamp] Extract `uploader_url`
+* [extractor/bilibili] Add space.bilibili extractors by [lockmatrix](https://github.com/lockmatrix)
+* [extractor/BilibiliSpace] Fix extractor and better error message by [lockmatrix](https://github.com/lockmatrix)
+* [extractor/BiliIntl] Support uppercase lang in `_VALID_URL` by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/BiliIntlSeries] Fix `_VALID_URL`
+* [extractor/bongacams] Update `_VALID_URL` by [0xGodspeed](https://github.com/0xGodspeed)
+* [extractor/crunchyroll:beta] Improve handling of hardsubs by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [extractor/detik] Generalize extractors by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev), [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/dplay:italy] Add default authentication by [Timendum](https://github.com/Timendum)
+* [extractor/heise] Fix extractor by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/holodex] Fix `_VALID_URL` by [LiviaMedeiros](https://github.com/LiviaMedeiros)
+* [extractor/hrfensehen] Fix extractor by [snapdgn](https://github.com/snapdgn)
+* [extractor/hungama] Add subtitle by [GautamMKGarg](https://github.com/GautamMKGarg), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+* [extractor/instagram] Extract more metadata by [pritam20ps05](https://github.com/pritam20ps05)
+* [extractor/JWPlatform] Fix extractor by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/malltv] Fix video_id extraction by [HobbyistDev](https://github.com/HobbyistDev)
+* [extractor/MLBTV] Detect live streams
+* [extractor/motorsport] Support native embeds
+* [extractor/Mxplayer] Fix extractor by [itachi-19](https://github.com/itachi-19)
+* [extractor/nebula] Add nebula.tv by [tannertechnology](https://github.com/tannertechnology)
+* [extractor/nfl] Fix extractor by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/ondemandkorea] Update `jw_config` regex by [julien-hadleyjack](https://github.com/julien-hadleyjack)
+* [extractor/paramountplus] Better DRM detection by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/patreon] Sort formats
+* [extractor/rcs] Fix embed extraction by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/redgifs] Fix extractor by [jhwgh1968](https://github.com/jhwgh1968)
+* [extractor/rutube] Fix `_EMBED_REGEX` by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/RUTV] Fix warnings for livestreams by [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore)
+* [extractor/soundcloud:search] More metadata in `--flat-playlist` by [SuperSonicHub1](https://github.com/SuperSonicHub1)
+* [extractor/telegraaf] Use mobile GraphQL API endpoint by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/tennistv] Fix timestamp by [zenerdi0de](https://github.com/zenerdi0de)
+* [extractor/tiktok] Fix TikTokIE by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/triller] Fix auth token by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/trovo] Fix extractors by [Mehavoid](https://github.com/Mehavoid)
+* [extractor/tv2] Support new url format by [tobi1805](https://github.com/tobi1805)
+* [extractor/web.archive:youtube] Fix `_YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE`
+* [extractor/wistia] Add support for channels by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/wistia] Match IDs in embed URLs by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+* [extractor/wordpress:playlist] Add generic embed extractor by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+* [extractor/yandexvideopreview] Update `_VALID_URL` by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+* [extractor/zee5] Fix `_VALID_URL` by [m4tu4g](https://github.com/m4tu4g)
+* [extractor/zee5] Generate device ids by [freezboltz](https://github.com/freezboltz)
+
 
 ### 2022.09.01
 
diff --git a/Collaborators.md b/Collaborators.md
index 3f24d5c476..71baf5080b 100644
--- a/Collaborators.md
+++ b/Collaborators.md
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ You can also find lists of all [contributors of yt-dlp](CONTRIBUTORS) and [autho
 ## [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
 
 [![ko-fi](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Ko--fi-red.svg?logo=kofi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://ko-fi.com/pukkandan)
+[![gh-sponsor](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Github-red.svg?logo=github&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/sponsors/pukkandan)
 
 * Owner of the fork
 
@@ -25,8 +26,9 @@ You can also find lists of all [contributors of yt-dlp](CONTRIBUTORS) and [autho
 
 ## [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
 
-[![gh-sponsor](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Sponsor-red.svg?logo=githubsponsors&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/sponsors/coletdjnz)
+[![gh-sponsor](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Github-red.svg?logo=github&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/sponsors/coletdjnz)
 
+* Improved plugin architecture
 * YouTube improvements including: age-gate bypass, private playlists, multiple-clients (to avoid throttling) and a lot of under-the-hood improvements
 * Added support for new websites YoutubeWebArchive, MainStreaming, PRX, nzherald, Mediaklikk, StarTV etc
 * Improved/fixed support for Patreon, panopto, gfycat, itv, pbs, SouthParkDE etc
@@ -42,7 +44,7 @@ You can also find lists of all [contributors of yt-dlp](CONTRIBUTORS) and [autho
 * Improved/fixed support for HiDive, HotStar, Hungama, LBRY, LinkedInLearning, Mxplayer, SonyLiv, TV2, Vimeo, VLive etc
 
 
-## [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore) (nao20010128nao)
+## [Lesmiscore](https://github.com/Lesmiscore) <sub><sup>(nao20010128nao)</sup></sub>
 
 **Bitcoin**: bc1qfd02r007cutfdjwjmyy9w23rjvtls6ncve7r3s  
 **Monacoin**: mona1q3tf7dzvshrhfe3md379xtvt2n22duhglv5dskr
@@ -50,3 +52,20 @@ You can also find lists of all [contributors of yt-dlp](CONTRIBUTORS) and [autho
 * Download live from start to end for YouTube
 * Added support for new websites AbemaTV, mildom, PixivSketch, skeb, radiko, voicy, mirrativ, openrec, whowatch, damtomo, 17.live, mixch etc
 * Improved/fixed support for fc2, YahooJapanNews, tver, iwara etc
+
+
+## [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+
+* `--update-to`, automated release, nightly builds
+* `--cookies-from-browser` support for Firefox containers
+* Added support for new websites Genius, Kick, NBCStations, Triller, VideoKen etc
+* Improved/fixed support for Anvato, Brightcove, Instagram, ParamountPlus, Reddit, SlidesLive, TikTok, Twitter, Vimeo etc
+
+
+## [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+
+[![ko-fi](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Ko--fi-red.svg?logo=kofi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://ko-fi.com/Grub4K) [![gh-sponsor](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Github-red.svg?logo=github&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/sponsors/Grub4K)
+
+* `--update-to`, automated release, nightly builds
+* Rework internals like `traverse_obj`, various core refactors and bugs fixes
+* Helped fix crunchyroll, Twitter, wrestleuniverse, wistia, slideslive etc
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 6cb9e2f57e..d5d47629b9 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ pypi-files: AUTHORS Changelog.md LICENSE README.md README.txt supportedsites \
 clean-test:
 	rm -rf test/testdata/sigs/player-*.js tmp/ *.annotations.xml *.aria2 *.description *.dump *.frag \
 	*.frag.aria2 *.frag.urls *.info.json *.live_chat.json *.meta *.part* *.tmp *.temp *.unknown_video *.ytdl \
-	*.3gp *.ape *.ass *.avi *.desktop *.f4v *.flac *.flv *.jpeg *.jpg *.m4a *.mpga *.m4v *.mhtml *.mkv *.mov \
-	*.mp3 *.mp4 *.ogg *.opus *.png *.sbv *.srt *.swf *.swp *.ttml *.url *.vtt *.wav *.webloc *.webm *.webp
+	*.3gp *.ape *.ass *.avi *.desktop *.f4v *.flac *.flv *.gif *.jpeg *.jpg *.m4a *.m4v *.mhtml *.mkv *.mov *.mp3 \
+	*.mp4 *.mpga *.oga *.ogg *.opus *.png *.sbv *.srt *.swf *.swp *.tt *.ttml *.url *.vtt *.wav *.webloc *.webm *.webp
 clean-dist:
 	rm -rf yt-dlp.1.temp.md yt-dlp.1 README.txt MANIFEST build/ dist/ .coverage cover/ yt-dlp.tar.gz completions/ \
 	yt_dlp/extractor/lazy_extractors.py *.spec CONTRIBUTING.md.tmp yt-dlp yt-dlp.exe yt_dlp.egg-info/ AUTHORS .mailmap
@@ -74,17 +74,16 @@ offlinetest: codetest
 	$(PYTHON) -m pytest -k "not download"
 
 # XXX: This is hard to maintain
-CODE_FOLDERS = yt_dlp yt_dlp/downloader yt_dlp/extractor yt_dlp/postprocessor yt_dlp/compat \
-               yt_dlp/extractor/anvato_token_generator
+CODE_FOLDERS = yt_dlp yt_dlp/downloader yt_dlp/extractor yt_dlp/postprocessor yt_dlp/compat yt_dlp/dependencies
 yt-dlp: yt_dlp/*.py yt_dlp/*/*.py
 	mkdir -p zip
 	for d in $(CODE_FOLDERS) ; do \
 	  mkdir -p zip/$$d ;\
 	  cp -pPR $$d/*.py zip/$$d/ ;\
 	done
-	touch -t 200001010101 zip/yt_dlp/*.py zip/yt_dlp/*/*.py zip/yt_dlp/*/*/*.py
+	touch -t 200001010101 zip/yt_dlp/*.py zip/yt_dlp/*/*.py
 	mv zip/yt_dlp/__main__.py zip/
-	cd zip ; zip -q ../yt-dlp yt_dlp/*.py yt_dlp/*/*.py yt_dlp/*/*/*.py __main__.py
+	cd zip ; zip -q ../yt-dlp yt_dlp/*.py yt_dlp/*/*.py __main__.py
 	rm -rf zip
 	echo '#!$(PYTHON)' > yt-dlp
 	cat yt-dlp.zip >> yt-dlp
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 9f331663d5..f28bf8e12d 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@
 
 [![YT-DLP](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/master/.github/banner.svg)](#readme)
 
-[![Release version](https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/yt-dlp/yt-dlp?color=brightgreen&label=Download&style=for-the-badge)](##installation "Installation")
+[![Release version](https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/yt-dlp/yt-dlp?color=brightgreen&label=Download&style=for-the-badge)](#installation "Installation")
 [![PyPi](https://img.shields.io/badge/-PyPi-blue.svg?logo=pypi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://pypi.org/project/yt-dlp "PyPi")
 [![Donate](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Donate-red.svg?logo=githubsponsors&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](Collaborators.md#collaborators "Donate")
 [![Matrix](https://img.shields.io/matrix/yt-dlp:matrix.org?color=brightgreen&labelColor=555555&label=&logo=element&style=for-the-badge)](https://matrix.to/#/#yt-dlp:matrix.org "Matrix")
 [![Discord](https://img.shields.io/discord/807245652072857610?color=blue&labelColor=555555&label=&logo=discord&style=for-the-badge)](https://discord.gg/H5MNcFW63r "Discord")
 [![Supported Sites](https://img.shields.io/badge/-Supported_Sites-brightgreen.svg?style=for-the-badge)](supportedsites.md "Supported Sites")
 [![License: Unlicense](https://img.shields.io/badge/-Unlicense-blue.svg?style=for-the-badge)](LICENSE "License")
-[![CI Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/Core%20Tests/master?label=Tests&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/actions "CI Status")
+[![CI Status](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/core.yml?branch=master&label=Tests&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/actions "CI Status")
 [![Commits](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/m/yt-dlp/yt-dlp?label=commits&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commits "Commit History")
-[![Last Commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/master?label=&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commits "Commit History")
+[![Last Commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/master?label=&style=for-the-badge&display_timestamp=committer)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commits "Commit History")
 
 </div>
 <!-- MANPAGE: END EXCLUDED SECTION -->
@@ -48,7 +48,9 @@ yt-dlp is a [youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl) fork based on t
     * [SponsorBlock Options](#sponsorblock-options)
     * [Extractor Options](#extractor-options)
 * [CONFIGURATION](#configuration)
+    * [Configuration file encoding](#configuration-file-encoding)
     * [Authentication with .netrc file](#authentication-with-netrc-file)
+    * [Notes about environment variables](#notes-about-environment-variables)
 * [OUTPUT TEMPLATE](#output-template)
     * [Output template examples](#output-template-examples)
 * [FORMAT SELECTION](#format-selection)
@@ -59,6 +61,8 @@ yt-dlp is a [youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl) fork based on t
     * [Modifying metadata examples](#modifying-metadata-examples)
 * [EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS](#extractor-arguments)
 * [PLUGINS](#plugins)
+    * [Installing Plugins](#installing-plugins)
+    * [Developing Plugins](#developing-plugins)
 * [EMBEDDING YT-DLP](#embedding-yt-dlp)
     * [Embedding examples](#embedding-examples)
 * [DEPRECATED OPTIONS](#deprecated-options)
@@ -72,13 +76,13 @@ yt-dlp is a [youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl) fork based on t
 
 # NEW FEATURES
 
-* Merged with **youtube-dl v2021.12.17+ [commit/ed5c44e](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/ed5c44e7b74ac77f87ca5ed6cb5e964a0c6a0678)**<!--([exceptions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/21))--> and **youtube-dlc v2020.11.11-3+ [commit/f9401f2](https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc/commit/f9401f2a91987068139c5f757b12fc711d4c0cee)**: You get all the features and patches of [youtube-dlc](https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc) in addition to the latest [youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl)
+* Merged with **youtube-dl v2021.12.17+ [commit/2dd6c6e](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/2dd6c6e)** ([exceptions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/21)) and **youtube-dlc v2020.11.11-3+ [commit/f9401f2](https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc/commit/f9401f2a91987068139c5f757b12fc711d4c0cee)**: You get all the features and patches of [youtube-dlc](https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc) in addition to the latest [youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl)
 
-* **[SponsorBlock Integration](#sponsorblock-options)**: You can mark/remove sponsor sections in youtube videos by utilizing the [SponsorBlock](https://sponsor.ajay.app) API
+* **[SponsorBlock Integration](#sponsorblock-options)**: You can mark/remove sponsor sections in YouTube videos by utilizing the [SponsorBlock](https://sponsor.ajay.app) API
 
 * **[Format Sorting](#sorting-formats)**: The default format sorting options have been changed so that higher resolution and better codecs will be now preferred instead of simply using larger bitrate. Furthermore, you can now specify the sort order using `-S`. This allows for much easier format selection than what is possible by simply using `--format` ([examples](#format-selection-examples))
 
-* **Merged with animelover1984/youtube-dl**: You get most of the features and improvements from [animelover1984/youtube-dl](https://github.com/animelover1984/youtube-dl) including `--write-comments`, `BiliBiliSearch`, `BilibiliChannel`, Embedding thumbnail in mp4/ogg/opus, playlist infojson etc. Note that the NicoNico livestreams are not available. See [#31](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/31) for details.
+* **Merged with animelover1984/youtube-dl**: You get most of the features and improvements from [animelover1984/youtube-dl](https://github.com/animelover1984/youtube-dl) including `--write-comments`, `BiliBiliSearch`, `BilibiliChannel`, Embedding thumbnail in mp4/ogg/opus, playlist infojson etc. Note that NicoNico livestreams are not available. See [#31](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/31) for details.
 
 * **YouTube improvements**:
     * Supports Clips, Stories (`ytstories:<channel UCID>`), Search (including filters)**\***, YouTube Music Search, Channel-specific search, Search prefixes (`ytsearch:`, `ytsearchdate:`)**\***, Mixes, YouTube Music Albums/Channels ([except self-uploaded music](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/723)), and Feeds (`:ytfav`, `:ytwatchlater`, `:ytsubs`, `:ythistory`, `:ytrec`, `:ytnotif`)
@@ -86,9 +90,9 @@ yt-dlp is a [youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl) fork based on t
     * Supports some (but not all) age-gated content without cookies
     * Download livestreams from the start using `--live-from-start` (*experimental*)
     * `255kbps` audio is extracted (if available) from YouTube Music when premium cookies are given
-    * Redirect channel's home URL automatically to `/video` to preserve the old behaviour
+    * Channel URLs download all uploads of the channel, including shorts and live
 
-* **Cookies from browser**: Cookies can be automatically extracted from all major web browsers using `--cookies-from-browser BROWSER[+KEYRING][:PROFILE]`
+* **Cookies from browser**: Cookies can be automatically extracted from all major web browsers using `--cookies-from-browser BROWSER[+KEYRING][:PROFILE][::CONTAINER]`
 
 * **Download time range**: Videos can be downloaded partially based on either timestamps or chapters using `--download-sections`
 
@@ -110,13 +114,15 @@ yt-dlp is a [youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl) fork based on t
 
 * **Output template improvements**: Output templates can now have date-time formatting, numeric offsets, object traversal etc. See [output template](#output-template) for details. Even more advanced operations can also be done with the help of `--parse-metadata` and `--replace-in-metadata`
 
-* **Other new options**: Many new options have been added such as `--alias`, `--print`, `--concat-playlist`, `--wait-for-video`, `--retry-sleep`, `--sleep-requests`, `--convert-thumbnails`, `--force-download-archive`, `--force-overwrites`, `--break-on-reject` etc
+* **Other new options**: Many new options have been added such as `--alias`, `--print`, `--concat-playlist`, `--wait-for-video`, `--retry-sleep`, `--sleep-requests`, `--convert-thumbnails`, `--force-download-archive`, `--force-overwrites`, `--break-match-filter` etc
 
 * **Improvements**: Regex and other operators in `--format`/`--match-filter`, multiple `--postprocessor-args` and `--downloader-args`, faster archive checking, more [format selection options](#format-selection), merge multi-video/audio, multiple `--config-locations`, `--exec` at different stages, etc
 
 * **Plugins**: Extractors and PostProcessors can be loaded from an external file. See [plugins](#plugins) for details
 
-* **Self-updater**: The releases can be updated using `yt-dlp -U`
+* **Self updater**: The releases can be updated using `yt-dlp -U`, and downgraded using `--update-to` if required
+
+* **Nightly builds**: [Automated nightly builds](#update-channels) can be used with `--update-to nightly`
 
 See [changelog](Changelog.md) or [commits](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commits) for the full list of changes
 
@@ -126,6 +132,7 @@ Features marked with a **\*** have been back-ported to youtube-dl
 
 Some of yt-dlp's default options are different from that of youtube-dl and youtube-dlc:
 
+* yt-dlp supports only [Python 3.7+](## "Windows 7"), and *may* remove support for more versions as they [become EOL](https://devguide.python.org/versions/#python-release-cycle); while [youtube-dl still supports Python 2.6+ and 3.2+](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/30568#issue-1118238743)
 * The options `--auto-number` (`-A`), `--title` (`-t`) and `--literal` (`-l`), no longer work. See [removed options](#Removed) for details
 * `avconv` is not supported as an alternative to `ffmpeg`
 * yt-dlp stores config files in slightly different locations to youtube-dl. See [CONFIGURATION](#configuration) for a list of correct locations
@@ -140,8 +147,8 @@ Some of yt-dlp's default options are different from that of youtube-dl and youtu
 * `playlist_index` behaves differently when used with options like `--playlist-reverse` and `--playlist-items`. See [#302](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/302) for details. You can use `--compat-options playlist-index` if you want to keep the earlier behavior
 * The output of `-F` is listed in a new format. Use `--compat-options list-formats` to revert this
 * Live chats (if available) are considered as subtitles. Use `--sub-langs all,-live_chat` to download all subtitles except live chat. You can also use `--compat-options no-live-chat` to prevent any live chat/danmaku from downloading
-* Youtube channel URLs are automatically redirected to `/video`. Append a `/featured` to the URL to download only the videos in the home page. If the channel does not have a videos tab, we try to download the equivalent `UU` playlist instead. For all other tabs, if the channel does not show the requested tab, an error will be raised. Also, `/live` URLs raise an error if there are no live videos instead of silently downloading the entire channel. You may use `--compat-options no-youtube-channel-redirect` to revert all these redirections
-* Unavailable videos are also listed for youtube playlists. Use `--compat-options no-youtube-unavailable-videos` to remove this
+* YouTube channel URLs download all uploads of the channel. To download only the videos in a specific tab, pass the tab's URL. If the channel does not show the requested tab, an error will be raised. Also, `/live` URLs raise an error if there are no live videos instead of silently downloading the entire channel. You may use `--compat-options no-youtube-channel-redirect` to revert all these redirections
+* Unavailable videos are also listed for YouTube playlists. Use `--compat-options no-youtube-unavailable-videos` to remove this
 * The upload dates extracted from YouTube are in UTC [when available](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/89e4d86171c7b7c997c77d4714542e0383bf0db0/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py#L3898-L3900). Use `--compat-options no-youtube-prefer-utc-upload-date` to prefer the non-UTC upload date.
 * If `ffmpeg` is used as the downloader, the downloading and merging of formats happen in a single step when possible. Use `--compat-options no-direct-merge` to revert this
 * Thumbnail embedding in `mp4` is done with mutagen if possible. Use `--compat-options embed-thumbnail-atomicparsley` to force the use of AtomicParsley instead
@@ -149,12 +156,15 @@ Some of yt-dlp's default options are different from that of youtube-dl and youtu
 * When `--embed-subs` and `--write-subs` are used together, the subtitles are written to disk and also embedded in the media file. You can use just `--embed-subs` to embed the subs and automatically delete the separate file. See [#630 (comment)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/630#issuecomment-893659460) for more info. `--compat-options no-keep-subs` can be used to revert this
 * `certifi` will be used for SSL root certificates, if installed. If you want to use system certificates (e.g. self-signed), use `--compat-options no-certifi`
 * yt-dlp's sanitization of invalid characters in filenames is different/smarter than in youtube-dl. You can use `--compat-options filename-sanitization` to revert to youtube-dl's behavior
+* yt-dlp tries to parse the external downloader outputs into the standard progress output if possible (Currently implemented: [~~aria2c~~](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5931)). You can use `--compat-options no-external-downloader-progress` to get the downloader output as-is
 
 For ease of use, a few more compat options are available:
 
 * `--compat-options all`: Use all compat options (Do NOT use)
 * `--compat-options youtube-dl`: Same as `--compat-options all,-multistreams`
 * `--compat-options youtube-dlc`: Same as `--compat-options all,-no-live-chat,-no-youtube-channel-redirect`
+* `--compat-options 2021`: Same as `--compat-options 2022,no-certifi,filename-sanitization,no-youtube-prefer-utc-upload-date`
+* `--compat-options 2022`: Same as `--compat-options no-external-downloader-progress`. Use this to enable all future compat options
 
 
 # INSTALLATION
@@ -173,12 +183,25 @@ You can install yt-dlp using [the binaries](#release-files), [PIP](https://pypi.
 
 
 ## UPDATE
-You can use `yt-dlp -U` to update if you are [using the release binaries](#release-files)
+You can use `yt-dlp -U` to update if you are using the [release binaries](#release-files)
 
 If you [installed with PIP](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Installation#with-pip), simply re-run the same command that was used to install the program
 
-For other third-party package managers, see [the wiki](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Installation) or refer their documentation
+For other third-party package managers, see [the wiki](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Installation#third-party-package-managers) or refer their documentation
 
+<a id="update-channels"/>
+
+There are currently two release channels for binaries, `stable` and `nightly`.
+`stable` is the default channel, and many of its changes have been tested by users of the nightly channel.
+The `nightly` channel has releases built after each push to the master branch, and will have the most recent fixes and additions, but also have more risk of regressions. They are available in [their own repo](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds/releases).
+
+When using `--update`/`-U`, a release binary will only update to its current channel.
+This release channel can be changed by using the `--update-to` option. `--update-to` can also be used to upgrade or downgrade to specific tags from a channel.
+
+Example usage:
+* `yt-dlp --update-to nightly` change to `nightly` channel and update to its latest release
+* `yt-dlp --update-to stable@2023.02.17` upgrade/downgrade to release to `stable` channel tag `2023.02.17`
+* `yt-dlp --update-to 2023.01.06` upgrade/downgrade to tag `2023.01.06` if it exists on the current channel
 
 <!-- MANPAGE: BEGIN EXCLUDED SECTION -->
 ## RELEASE FILES
@@ -199,6 +222,8 @@ File|Description
 [yt-dlp_min.exe](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_min.exe)|Windows (Win7 SP1+) standalone x64 binary built with `py2exe`<br/> ([Not recommended](#standalone-py2exe-builds-windows))
 [yt-dlp_linux](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_linux)|Linux standalone x64 binary
 [yt-dlp_linux.zip](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_linux.zip)|Unpackaged Linux executable (no auto-update)
+[yt-dlp_linux_armv7l](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_linux_armv7l)|Linux standalone armv7l (32-bit) binary
+[yt-dlp_linux_aarch64](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_linux_aarch64)|Linux standalone aarch64 (64-bit) binary
 [yt-dlp_win.zip](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_win.zip)|Unpackaged Windows executable (no auto-update)
 [yt-dlp_macos.zip](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_macos.zip)|Unpackaged MacOS (10.15+) executable (no auto-update)
 [yt-dlp_macos_legacy](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_macos_legacy)|MacOS (10.9+) standalone x64 executable
@@ -209,11 +234,20 @@ File|Description
 :---|:---
 [yt-dlp.tar.gz](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp.tar.gz)|Source tarball
 [SHA2-512SUMS](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/SHA2-512SUMS)|GNU-style SHA512 sums
+[SHA2-512SUMS.sig](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/SHA2-512SUMS.sig)|GPG signature file for SHA512 sums
 [SHA2-256SUMS](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/SHA2-256SUMS)|GNU-style SHA256 sums
+[SHA2-256SUMS.sig](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/SHA2-256SUMS.sig)|GPG signature file for SHA256 sums
+
+The public key that can be used to verify the GPG signatures is [available here](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/public.key)
+Example usage:
+```
+curl -L https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/raw/master/public.key | gpg --import
+gpg --verify SHA2-256SUMS.sig SHA2-256SUMS
+gpg --verify SHA2-512SUMS.sig SHA2-512SUMS
+```
 <!-- MANPAGE: END EXCLUDED SECTION -->
 
-
-Note: The manpages, shell completion files etc. are available in the [source tarball](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp.tar.gz)
+**Note**: The manpages, shell completion files etc. are available inside the [source tarball](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp.tar.gz)
 
 ## DEPENDENCIES
 Python versions 3.7+ (CPython and PyPy) are supported. Other versions and implementations may or may not work correctly.
@@ -229,8 +263,9 @@ While all the other dependencies are optional, `ffmpeg` and `ffprobe` are highly
 
 * [**ffmpeg** and **ffprobe**](https://www.ffmpeg.org) - Required for [merging separate video and audio files](#format-selection) as well as for various [post-processing](#post-processing-options) tasks. License [depends on the build](https://www.ffmpeg.org/legal.html)
 
-    <!-- TODO: ffmpeg has merged this patch. Remove this note once there is new release -->
-    **Note**: There are some regressions in newer ffmpeg versions that causes various issues when used alongside yt-dlp. Since ffmpeg is such an important dependency, we provide [custom builds](https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds#ffmpeg-static-auto-builds) with patches for these issues at [yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds](https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds). See [the readme](https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds#patches-applied) for details on the specific issues solved by these builds
+    There are bugs in ffmpeg that causes various issues when used alongside yt-dlp. Since ffmpeg is such an important dependency, we provide [custom builds](https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds#ffmpeg-static-auto-builds) with patches for some of these issues at [yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds](https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds). See [the readme](https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds#patches-applied) for details on the specific issues solved by these builds
+    
+    **Important**: What you need is ffmpeg *binary*, **NOT** [the python package of the same name](https://pypi.org/project/ffmpeg)
 
 ### Networking
 * [**certifi**](https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi)\* - Provides Mozilla's root certificate bundle. Licensed under [MPLv2](https://github.com/certifi/python-certifi/blob/master/LICENSE)
@@ -275,7 +310,9 @@ To build the standalone executable, you must have Python and `pyinstaller` (plus
 
 On some systems, you may need to use `py` or `python` instead of `python3`.
 
-Note that pyinstaller with versions below 4.4 [do not support](https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller#requirements-and-tested-platforms) Python installed from the Windows store without using a virtual environment.
+`pyinst.py` accepts any arguments that can be passed to `pyinstaller`, such as `--onefile/-F` or `--onedir/-D`, which is further [documented here](https://pyinstaller.org/en/stable/usage.html#what-to-generate).
+
+**Note**: Pyinstaller versions below 4.4 [do not support](https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller#requirements-and-tested-platforms) Python installed from the Windows store without using a virtual environment.
 
 **Important**: Running `pyinstaller` directly **without** using `pyinst.py` is **not** officially supported. This may or may not work correctly.
 
@@ -298,11 +335,15 @@ If you wish to build it anyway, install Python and py2exe, and then simply run `
 
 ### Related scripts
 
-* **`devscripts/update-version.py [revision]`** - Update the version number based on current date
-* **`devscripts/set-variant.py variant [-M update_message]`** - Set the build variant of the executable
+* **`devscripts/update-version.py`** - Update the version number based on current date.
+* **`devscripts/set-variant.py`** - Set the build variant of the executable.
+* **`devscripts/make_changelog.py`** - Create a markdown changelog using short commit messages and update `CONTRIBUTORS` file.
 * **`devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py`** - Create lazy extractors. Running this before building the binaries (any variant) will improve their startup performance. Set the environment variable `YTDLP_NO_LAZY_EXTRACTORS=1` if you wish to forcefully disable lazy extractor loading.
 
-You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.github/workflows/build.yml) to automatically build a full release
+Note: See their `--help` for more info.
+
+### Forking the project
+If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.github/workflows/build.yml) to automatically build the selected version(s) as artifacts. Alternatively, you can run the [release workflow](.github/workflows/release.yml) or enable the [nightly workflow](.github/workflows/release-nightly.yml) to create full (pre-)releases.
 
 # USAGE AND OPTIONS
 
@@ -318,6 +359,11 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
     --version                       Print program version and exit
     -U, --update                    Update this program to the latest version
     --no-update                     Do not check for updates (default)
+    --update-to [CHANNEL]@[TAG]     Upgrade/downgrade to a specific version.
+                                    CHANNEL and TAG defaults to "stable" and
+                                    "latest" respectively if omitted; See
+                                    "UPDATE" for details. Supported channels:
+                                    stable, nightly
     -i, --ignore-errors             Ignore download and postprocessing errors.
                                     The download will be considered successful
                                     even if the postprocessing fails
@@ -408,6 +454,8 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
     --source-address IP             Client-side IP address to bind to
     -4, --force-ipv4                Make all connections via IPv4
     -6, --force-ipv6                Make all connections via IPv6
+    --enable-file-urls              Enable file:// URLs. This is disabled by
+                                    default for security reasons.
 
 ## Geo-restriction:
     --geo-verification-proxy URL    Use this proxy to verify the IP address for
@@ -426,23 +474,24 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
                                     explicitly provided IP block in CIDR notation
 
 ## Video Selection:
-    -I, --playlist-items ITEM_SPEC  Comma separated playlist_index of the videos
+    -I, --playlist-items ITEM_SPEC  Comma separated playlist_index of the items
                                     to download. You can specify a range using
                                     "[START]:[STOP][:STEP]". For backward
                                     compatibility, START-STOP is also supported.
                                     Use negative indices to count from the right
                                     and negative STEP to download in reverse
                                     order. E.g. "-I 1:3,7,-5::2" used on a
-                                    playlist of size 15 will download the videos
+                                    playlist of size 15 will download the items
                                     at index 1,2,3,7,11,13,15
-    --min-filesize SIZE             Do not download any videos smaller than
+    --min-filesize SIZE             Abort download if filesize is smaller than
+                                    SIZE, e.g. 50k or 44.6M
+    --max-filesize SIZE             Abort download if filesize is larger than
                                     SIZE, e.g. 50k or 44.6M
-    --max-filesize SIZE             Do not download any videos larger than SIZE,
-                                    e.g. 50k or 44.6M
     --date DATE                     Download only videos uploaded on this date.
                                     The date can be "YYYYMMDD" or in the format 
                                     [now|today|yesterday][-N[day|week|month|year]].
-                                    E.g. --date today-2weeks
+                                    E.g. "--date today-2weeks" downloads only
+                                    videos uploaded on the same day two weeks ago
     --datebefore DATE               Download only videos uploaded on or before
                                     this date. The date formats accepted is the
                                     same as --date
@@ -469,7 +518,10 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
                                     dogs" (caseless). Use "--match-filter -" to
                                     interactively ask whether to download each
                                     video
-    --no-match-filter               Do not use generic video filter (default)
+    --no-match-filter               Do not use any --match-filter (default)
+    --break-match-filters FILTER    Same as "--match-filters" but stops the
+                                    download process when a video is rejected
+    --no-break-match-filters        Do not use any --break-match-filters (default)
     --no-playlist                   Download only the video, if the URL refers
                                     to a video and a playlist
     --yes-playlist                  Download the playlist, if the URL refers to
@@ -483,11 +535,9 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
     --max-downloads NUMBER          Abort after downloading NUMBER files
     --break-on-existing             Stop the download process when encountering
                                     a file that is in the archive
-    --break-on-reject               Stop the download process when encountering
-                                    a file that has been filtered out
-    --break-per-input               --break-on-existing, --break-on-reject,
-                                    --max-downloads, and autonumber resets per
-                                    input URL
+    --break-per-input               Alters --max-downloads, --break-on-existing,
+                                    --break-match-filter, and autonumber to
+                                    reset per input URL
     --no-break-per-input            --break-on-existing and similar options
                                     terminates the entire download queue
     --skip-playlist-after-errors N  Number of allowed failures until the rest of
@@ -519,8 +569,8 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
                                     linear=1::2 --retry-sleep fragment:exp=1:20
     --skip-unavailable-fragments    Skip unavailable fragments for DASH,
                                     hlsnative and ISM downloads (default)
-                                    (Alias: --no-abort-on-unavailable-fragment)
-    --abort-on-unavailable-fragment
+                                    (Alias: --no-abort-on-unavailable-fragments)
+    --abort-on-unavailable-fragments
                                     Abort download if a fragment is unavailable
                                     (Alias: --no-skip-unavailable-fragments)
     --keep-fragments                Keep downloaded fragments on disk after
@@ -562,7 +612,7 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
                                     Needs ffmpeg. This option can be used
                                     multiple times to download multiple
                                     sections, e.g. --download-sections
-                                    "*10:15-15:00" --download-sections "intro"
+                                    "*10:15-inf" --download-sections "intro"
     --downloader [PROTO:]NAME       Name or path of the external downloader to
                                     use (optionally) prefixed by the protocols
                                     (http, ftp, m3u8, dash, rstp, rtmp, mms) to
@@ -679,8 +729,7 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
     --cache-dir DIR                 Location in the filesystem where yt-dlp can
                                     store some downloaded information (such as
                                     client ids and signatures) permanently. By
-                                    default $XDG_CACHE_HOME/yt-dlp or
-                                    ~/.cache/yt-dlp
+                                    default ${XDG_CACHE_HOME}/yt-dlp
     --no-cache-dir                  Disable filesystem caching
     --rm-cache-dir                  Delete all filesystem cache files
 
@@ -720,7 +769,7 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
                                     screen, optionally prefixed with when to
                                     print it, separated by a ":". Supported
                                     values of "WHEN" are the same as that of
-                                    --use-postprocessor, and "video" (default).
+                                    --use-postprocessor (default: video).
                                     Implies --quiet. Implies --simulate unless
                                     --no-simulate or later stages of WHEN are
                                     used. This option can be used multiple times
@@ -773,7 +822,7 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
     --prefer-insecure               Use an unencrypted connection to retrieve
                                     information about the video (Currently
                                     supported only for YouTube)
-    --add-header FIELD:VALUE        Specify a custom HTTP header and its value,
+    --add-headers FIELD:VALUE       Specify a custom HTTP header and its value,
                                     separated by a colon ":". You can use this
                                     option multiple times
     --bidi-workaround               Work around terminals that lack
@@ -888,11 +937,11 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
                                     specific bitrate like 128K (default 5)
     --remux-video FORMAT            Remux the video into another container if
                                     necessary (currently supported: avi, flv,
-                                    mkv, mov, mp4, webm, aac, aiff, alac, flac,
-                                    m4a, mka, mp3, ogg, opus, vorbis, wav). If
-                                    target container does not support the
-                                    video/audio codec, remuxing will fail. You
-                                    can specify multiple rules; e.g.
+                                    gif, mkv, mov, mp4, webm, aac, aiff, alac,
+                                    flac, m4a, mka, mp3, ogg, opus, vorbis,
+                                    wav). If target container does not support
+                                    the video/audio codec, remuxing will fail.
+                                    You can specify multiple rules; e.g.
                                     "aac>m4a/mov>mp4/mkv" will remux aac to m4a,
                                     mov to mp4 and anything else to mkv
     --recode-video FORMAT           Re-encode the video into another format if
@@ -947,13 +996,18 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
                                     mkv/mka video files
     --no-embed-info-json            Do not embed the infojson as an attachment
                                     to the video file
-    --parse-metadata FROM:TO        Parse additional metadata like title/artist
+    --parse-metadata [WHEN:]FROM:TO
+                                    Parse additional metadata like title/artist
                                     from other fields; see "MODIFYING METADATA"
-                                    for details
-    --replace-in-metadata FIELDS REGEX REPLACE
+                                    for details. Supported values of "WHEN" are
+                                    the same as that of --use-postprocessor
+                                    (default: pre_process)
+    --replace-in-metadata [WHEN:]FIELDS REGEX REPLACE
                                     Replace text in a metadata field using the
                                     given regex. This option can be used
-                                    multiple times
+                                    multiple times. Supported values of "WHEN"
+                                    are the same as that of --use-postprocessor
+                                    (default: pre_process)
     --xattrs                        Write metadata to the video file's xattrs
                                     (using dublin core and xdg standards)
     --concat-playlist POLICY        Concatenate videos in a playlist. One of
@@ -974,18 +1028,18 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
     --ffmpeg-location PATH          Location of the ffmpeg binary; either the
                                     path to the binary or its containing directory
     --exec [WHEN:]CMD               Execute a command, optionally prefixed with
-                                    when to execute it (after_move if
-                                    unspecified), separated by a ":". Supported
-                                    values of "WHEN" are the same as that of
-                                    --use-postprocessor. Same syntax as the
-                                    output template can be used to pass any
-                                    field as arguments to the command. After
-                                    download, an additional field "filepath"
-                                    that contains the final path of the
-                                    downloaded file is also available, and if no
-                                    fields are passed, %(filepath)q is appended
-                                    to the end of the command. This option can
-                                    be used multiple times
+                                    when to execute it, separated by a ":".
+                                    Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as
+                                    that of --use-postprocessor (default:
+                                    after_move). Same syntax as the output
+                                    template can be used to pass any field as
+                                    arguments to the command. After download, an
+                                    additional field "filepath" that contains
+                                    the final path of the downloaded file is
+                                    also available, and if no fields are passed,
+                                    %(filepath,_filename|)q is appended to the
+                                    end of the command. This option can be used
+                                    multiple times
     --no-exec                       Remove any previously defined --exec
     --convert-subs FORMAT           Convert the subtitles to another format
                                     (currently supported: ass, lrc, srt, vtt)
@@ -1023,14 +1077,16 @@ You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's [build workflow](.gi
                                     postprocessor is invoked. It can be one of
                                     "pre_process" (after video extraction),
                                     "after_filter" (after video passes filter),
-                                    "before_dl" (before each video download),
-                                    "post_process" (after each video download;
-                                    default), "after_move" (after moving video
-                                    file to it's final locations), "after_video"
-                                    (after downloading and processing all
-                                    formats of a video), or "playlist" (at end
-                                    of playlist). This option can be used
-                                    multiple times to add different postprocessors
+                                    "video" (after --format; before
+                                    --print/--output), "before_dl" (before each
+                                    video download), "post_process" (after each
+                                    video download; default), "after_move"
+                                    (after moving video file to it's final
+                                    locations), "after_video" (after downloading
+                                    and processing all formats of a video), or
+                                    "playlist" (at end of playlist). This option
+                                    can be used multiple times to add different
+                                    postprocessors
 
 ## SponsorBlock Options:
 Make chapter entries for, or remove various segments (sponsor,
@@ -1041,10 +1097,10 @@ Make chapter entries for, or remove various segments (sponsor,
                                     for, separated by commas. Available
                                     categories are sponsor, intro, outro,
                                     selfpromo, preview, filler, interaction,
-                                    music_offtopic, poi_highlight, all and
-                                    default (=all). You can prefix the category
-                                    with a "-" to exclude it. See [1] for
-                                    description of the categories. E.g.
+                                    music_offtopic, poi_highlight, chapter, all
+                                    and default (=all). You can prefix the
+                                    category with a "-" to exclude it. See [1]
+                                    for description of the categories. E.g.
                                     --sponsorblock-mark all,-preview
                                     [1] https://wiki.sponsor.ajay.app/w/Segment_Categories
     --sponsorblock-remove CATS      SponsorBlock categories to be removed from
@@ -1053,8 +1109,8 @@ Make chapter entries for, or remove various segments (sponsor,
                                     remove takes precedence. The syntax and
                                     available categories are the same as for
                                     --sponsorblock-mark except that "default"
-                                    refers to "all,-filler" and poi_highlight is
-                                    not available
+                                    refers to "all,-filler" and poi_highlight,
+                                    chapter are not available
     --sponsorblock-chapter-title TEMPLATE
                                     An output template for the title of the
                                     SponsorBlock chapters created by
@@ -1079,29 +1135,40 @@ Make chapter entries for, or remove various segments (sponsor,
     --no-hls-split-discontinuity    Do not split HLS playlists to different
                                     formats at discontinuities such as ad breaks
                                     (default)
-    --extractor-args KEY:ARGS       Pass these arguments to the extractor. See
-                                    "EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS" for details. You can
-                                    use this option multiple times to give
+    --extractor-args IE_KEY:ARGS    Pass ARGS arguments to the IE_KEY extractor.
+                                    See "EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS" for details. You
+                                    can use this option multiple times to give
                                     arguments for different extractors
 
 # CONFIGURATION
 
 You can configure yt-dlp by placing any supported command line option to a configuration file. The configuration is loaded from the following locations:
 
-1. **Main Configuration**: The file given by `--config-location`
-1. **Portable Configuration**: `yt-dlp.conf` in the same directory as the bundled binary. If you are running from source-code (`<root dir>/yt_dlp/__main__.py`), the root directory is used instead.
-1. **Home Configuration**: `yt-dlp.conf` in the home path given by `-P`, or in the current directory if no such path is given
+1. **Main Configuration**:
+    * The file given by `--config-location`
+1. **Portable Configuration**: (Recommended for portable installations)
+    * If using a binary, `yt-dlp.conf` in the same directory as the binary
+    * If running from source-code, `yt-dlp.conf` in the parent directory of `yt_dlp`
+1. **Home Configuration**:
+    * `yt-dlp.conf` in the home path given by `-P`
+    * If `-P` is not given, the current directory is searched
 1. **User Configuration**:
-    * `%XDG_CONFIG_HOME%/yt-dlp/config` (recommended on Linux/macOS)
-    * `%XDG_CONFIG_HOME%/yt-dlp.conf`
-    * `%APPDATA%/yt-dlp/config` (recommended on Windows)
-    * `%APPDATA%/yt-dlp/config.txt`
+    * `${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp.conf`
+    * `${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/config` (recommended on Linux/macOS)
+    * `${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/config.txt`
+    * `${APPDATA}/yt-dlp.conf`
+    * `${APPDATA}/yt-dlp/config` (recommended on Windows)
+    * `${APPDATA}/yt-dlp/config.txt`
     * `~/yt-dlp.conf`
     * `~/yt-dlp.conf.txt`
-    
-    `%XDG_CONFIG_HOME%` defaults to `~/.config` if undefined. On windows, `%APPDATA%` generally points to `C:\Users\<user name>\AppData\Roaming` and `~` points to `%HOME%` if present, `%USERPROFILE%` (generally `C:\Users\<user name>`), or `%HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%`
+    * `~/.yt-dlp/config`
+    * `~/.yt-dlp/config.txt`
 
-1. **System Configuration**: `/etc/yt-dlp.conf`
+    See also: [Notes about environment variables](#notes-about-environment-variables)
+1. **System Configuration**:
+    * `/etc/yt-dlp.conf`
+    * `/etc/yt-dlp/config`
+    * `/etc/yt-dlp/config.txt`
 
 E.g. with the following configuration file yt-dlp will always extract the audio, not copy the mtime, use a proxy and save all videos under `YouTube` directory in your home directory:
 ```
@@ -1120,22 +1187,22 @@ E.g. with the following configuration file yt-dlp will always extract the audio,
 -o ~/YouTube/%(title)s.%(ext)s
 ```
 
-Note that options in configuration file are just the same options aka switches used in regular command line calls; thus there **must be no whitespace** after `-` or `--`, e.g. `-o` or `--proxy` but not `- o` or `-- proxy`.
+**Note**: Options in configuration file are just the same options aka switches used in regular command line calls; thus there **must be no whitespace** after `-` or `--`, e.g. `-o` or `--proxy` but not `- o` or `-- proxy`. They must also be quoted when necessary as-if it were a UNIX shell.
 
 You can use `--ignore-config` if you want to disable all configuration files for a particular yt-dlp run. If `--ignore-config` is found inside any configuration file, no further configuration will be loaded. For example, having the option in the portable configuration file prevents loading of home, user, and system configurations. Additionally, (for backward compatibility) if `--ignore-config` is found inside the system configuration file, the user configuration is not loaded.
 
-### Config file encoding
+### Configuration file encoding
 
-The config files are decoded according to the UTF BOM if present, and in the encoding from system locale otherwise.
+The configuration files are decoded according to the UTF BOM if present, and in the encoding from system locale otherwise.
 
 If you want your file to be decoded differently, add `# coding: ENCODING` to the beginning of the file (e.g. `# coding: shift-jis`). There must be no characters before that, even spaces or BOM.
 
 ### Authentication with `.netrc` file
 
-You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with `--username` and `--password`) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every yt-dlp execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a [`.netrc` file](https://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on a per extractor basis. For that you will need to create a `.netrc` file in `--netrc-location` and restrict permissions to read/write by only you:
+You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with `--username` and `--password`) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every yt-dlp execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a [`.netrc` file](https://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on a per-extractor basis. For that you will need to create a `.netrc` file in `--netrc-location` and restrict permissions to read/write by only you:
 ```
-touch $HOME/.netrc
-chmod a-rwx,u+rw $HOME/.netrc
+touch ${HOME}/.netrc
+chmod a-rwx,u+rw ${HOME}/.netrc
 ```
 After that you can add credentials for an extractor in the following format, where *extractor* is the name of the extractor in lowercase:
 ```
@@ -1148,7 +1215,14 @@ machine twitch login my_twitch_account_name password my_twitch_password
 ```
 To activate authentication with the `.netrc` file you should pass `--netrc` to yt-dlp or place it in the [configuration file](#configuration).
 
-The default location of the .netrc file is `$HOME` (`~`) in UNIX. On Windows, it is `%HOME%` if present, `%USERPROFILE%` (generally `C:\Users\<user name>`) or `%HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%`
+The default location of the .netrc file is `~` (see below).
+
+### Notes about environment variables
+* Environment variables are normally specified as `${VARIABLE}`/`$VARIABLE` on UNIX and `%VARIABLE%` on Windows; but is always shown as `${VARIABLE}` in this documentation
+* yt-dlp also allow using UNIX-style variables on Windows for path-like options; e.g. `--output`, `--config-location`
+* If unset, `${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}` defaults to `~/.config` and `${XDG_CACHE_HOME}` to `~/.cache`
+* On Windows, `~` points to `${HOME}` if present; or, `${USERPROFILE}` or `${HOMEDRIVE}${HOMEPATH}` otherwise
+* On Windows, `${USERPROFILE}` generally points to `C:\Users\<user name>` and `${APPDATA}` to `${USERPROFILE}\AppData\Roaming`
 
 # OUTPUT TEMPLATE
 
@@ -1172,13 +1246,13 @@ The field names themselves (the part inside the parenthesis) can also have some
 
 1. **Alternatives**: Alternate fields can be specified separated with a `,`. E.g. `%(release_date>%Y,upload_date>%Y|Unknown)s`
 
-1. **Replacement**: A replacement value can specified using a `&` separator. If the field is *not* empty, this replacement value will be used instead of the actual field content. This is done after alternate fields are considered; thus the replacement is used if *any* of the alternative fields is *not* empty.
+1. **Replacement**: A replacement value can be specified using a `&` separator. If the field is *not* empty, this replacement value will be used instead of the actual field content. This is done after alternate fields are considered; thus the replacement is used if *any* of the alternative fields is *not* empty.
 
 1. **Default**: A literal default value can be specified for when the field is empty using a `|` separator. This overrides `--output-na-placeholder`. E.g. `%(uploader|Unknown)s`
 
-1. **More Conversions**: In addition to the normal format types `diouxXeEfFgGcrs`, yt-dlp additionally supports converting to `B` = **B**ytes, `j` = **j**son (flag `#` for pretty-printing), `h` = HTML escaping, `l` = a comma separated **l**ist (flag `#` for `\n` newline-separated), `q` = a string **q**uoted for the terminal (flag `#` to split a list into different arguments), `D` = add **D**ecimal suffixes (e.g. 10M) (flag `#` to use 1024 as factor), and `S` = **S**anitize as filename (flag `#` for restricted)
+1. **More Conversions**: In addition to the normal format types `diouxXeEfFgGcrs`, yt-dlp additionally supports converting to `B` = **B**ytes, `j` = **j**son (flag `#` for pretty-printing, `+` for Unicode), `h` = HTML escaping, `l` = a comma separated **l**ist (flag `#` for `\n` newline-separated), `q` = a string **q**uoted for the terminal (flag `#` to split a list into different arguments), `D` = add **D**ecimal suffixes (e.g. 10M) (flag `#` to use 1024 as factor), and `S` = **S**anitize as filename (flag `#` for restricted)
 
-1. **Unicode normalization**: The format type `U` can be used for NFC [unicode normalization](https://docs.python.org/3/library/unicodedata.html#unicodedata.normalize). The alternate form flag (`#`) changes the normalization to NFD and the conversion flag `+` can be used for NFKC/NFKD compatibility equivalence normalization. E.g. `%(title)+.100U` is NFKC
+1. **Unicode normalization**: The format type `U` can be used for NFC [Unicode normalization](https://docs.python.org/3/library/unicodedata.html#unicodedata.normalize). The alternate form flag (`#`) changes the normalization to NFD and the conversion flag `+` can be used for NFKC/NFKD compatibility equivalence normalization. E.g. `%(title)+.100U` is NFKC
 
 To summarize, the general syntax for a field is:
 ```
@@ -1187,6 +1261,10 @@ To summarize, the general syntax for a field is:
 
 Additionally, you can set different output templates for the various metadata files separately from the general output template by specifying the type of file followed by the template separated by a colon `:`. The different file types supported are `subtitle`, `thumbnail`, `description`, `annotation` (deprecated), `infojson`, `link`, `pl_thumbnail`, `pl_description`, `pl_infojson`, `chapter`, `pl_video`. E.g. `-o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" -o "thumbnail:%(title)s\%(title)s.%(ext)s"`  will put the thumbnails in a folder with the same name as the video. If any of the templates is empty, that type of file will not be written. E.g. `--write-thumbnail -o "thumbnail:"` will write thumbnails only for playlists and not for video.
 
+<a id="outtmpl-postprocess-note"/>
+
+**Note**: Due to post-processing (i.e. merging etc.), the actual output filename might differ. Use `--print after_move:filepath` to get the name after all post-processing is complete.
+
 The available fields are:
 
  - `id` (string): Video identifier
@@ -1213,6 +1291,7 @@ The available fields are:
  - `duration` (numeric): Length of the video in seconds
  - `duration_string` (string): Length of the video (HH:mm:ss)
  - `view_count` (numeric): How many users have watched the video on the platform
+ - `concurrent_view_count` (numeric): How many users are currently watching the video on the platform.
  - `like_count` (numeric): Number of positive ratings of the video
  - `dislike_count` (numeric): Number of negative ratings of the video
  - `repost_count` (numeric): Number of reposts of the video
@@ -1286,7 +1365,7 @@ Available only when using `--download-sections` and for `chapter:` prefix when u
 Available only when used in `--print`:
 
  - `urls` (string): The URLs of all requested formats, one in each line
- - `filename` (string): Name of the video file. Note that the actual filename may be different due to post-processing. Use `--exec echo` to get the name after all postprocessing is complete
+ - `filename` (string): Name of the video file. Note that the [actual filename may differ](#outtmpl-postprocess-note)
  - `formats_table` (table): The video format table as printed by `--list-formats`
  - `thumbnails_table` (table): The thumbnail format table as printed by `--list-thumbnails`
  - `subtitles_table` (table): The subtitle format table as printed by `--list-subs`
@@ -1297,14 +1376,15 @@ Available only in `--sponsorblock-chapter-title`:
 
  - `start_time` (numeric): Start time of the chapter in seconds
  - `end_time` (numeric): End time of the chapter in seconds
- - `categories` (list): The SponsorBlock categories the chapter belongs to
+ - `categories` (list): The [SponsorBlock categories](https://wiki.sponsor.ajay.app/w/Types#Category) the chapter belongs to
  - `category` (string): The smallest SponsorBlock category the chapter belongs to
  - `category_names` (list): Friendly names of the categories
  - `name` (string): Friendly name of the smallest category
+ - `type` (string): The [SponsorBlock action type](https://wiki.sponsor.ajay.app/w/Types#Action_Type) of the chapter
 
 Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in an output template will be replaced by the actual value corresponding to the sequence name. E.g. for `-o %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s` and an mp4 video with title `yt-dlp test video` and id `BaW_jenozKc`, this will result in a `yt-dlp test video-BaW_jenozKc.mp4` file created in the current directory.
 
-Note that some of the sequences are not guaranteed to be present since they depend on the metadata obtained by a particular extractor. Such sequences will be replaced with placeholder value provided with `--output-na-placeholder` (`NA` by default).
+**Note**: Some of the sequences are not guaranteed to be present since they depend on the metadata obtained by a particular extractor. Such sequences will be replaced with placeholder value provided with `--output-na-placeholder` (`NA` by default).
 
 **Tip**: Look at the `-j` output to identify which fields are available for the particular URL
 
@@ -1399,7 +1479,7 @@ For example, to download the worst quality video-only format you can use `-f wor
 
 You can select the n'th best format of a type by using `best<type>.<n>`. For example, `best.2` will select the 2nd best combined format. Similarly, `bv*.3` will select the 3rd best format that contains a video stream.
 
-If you want to download multiple videos and they don't have the same formats available, you can specify the order of preference using slashes. Note that formats on the left hand side are preferred; e.g. `-f 22/17/18` will download format 22 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 17 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 18 if it's available, otherwise it will complain that no suitable formats are available for download.
+If you want to download multiple videos, and they don't have the same formats available, you can specify the order of preference using slashes. Note that formats on the left hand side are preferred; e.g. `-f 22/17/18` will download format 22 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 17 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 18 if it's available, otherwise it will complain that no suitable formats are available for download.
 
 If you want to download several formats of the same video use a comma as a separator, e.g. `-f 22,17,18` will download all these three formats, of course if they are available. Or a more sophisticated example combined with the precedence feature: `-f 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio`.
 
@@ -1407,7 +1487,7 @@ You can merge the video and audio of multiple formats into a single file using `
 
 **Deprecation warning**: Since the *below* described behavior is complex and counter-intuitive, this will be removed and multistreams will be enabled by default in the future. A new operator will be instead added to limit formats to single audio/video
 
-Unless `--video-multistreams` is used, all formats with a video stream except the first one are ignored. Similarly, unless `--audio-multistreams` is used, all formats with an audio stream except the first one are ignored. E.g. `-f bestvideo+best+bestaudio --video-multistreams --audio-multistreams` will download and merge all 3 given formats. The resulting file will have 2 video streams and 2 audio streams. But `-f bestvideo+best+bestaudio --no-video-multistreams` will download and merge only `bestvideo` and `bestaudio`. `best` is ignored since another format containing a video stream (`bestvideo`) has already been selected. The order of the formats is therefore important. `-f best+bestaudio --no-audio-multistreams` will download and merge both formats while `-f bestaudio+best --no-audio-multistreams` will ignore `best` and download only `bestaudio`.
+Unless `--video-multistreams` is used, all formats with a video stream except the first one are ignored. Similarly, unless `--audio-multistreams` is used, all formats with an audio stream except the first one are ignored. E.g. `-f bestvideo+best+bestaudio --video-multistreams --audio-multistreams` will download and merge all 3 given formats. The resulting file will have 2 video streams and 2 audio streams. But `-f bestvideo+best+bestaudio --no-video-multistreams` will download and merge only `bestvideo` and `bestaudio`. `best` is ignored since another format containing a video stream (`bestvideo`) has already been selected. The order of the formats is therefore important. `-f best+bestaudio --no-audio-multistreams` will download only `best` while `-f bestaudio+best --no-audio-multistreams` will ignore `best` and download only `bestaudio`.
 
 ## Filtering Formats
 
@@ -1419,6 +1499,7 @@ The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons `<`, `<=`, `>`, `
  - `filesize_approx`: An estimate for the number of bytes
  - `width`: Width of the video, if known
  - `height`: Height of the video, if known
+ - `aspect_ratio`: Aspect ratio of the video, if known
  - `tbr`: Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
  - `abr`: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
  - `vbr`: Average video bitrate in KBit/s
@@ -1444,7 +1525,7 @@ Also filtering work for comparisons `=` (equals), `^=` (starts with), `$=` (ends
 
 Any string comparison may be prefixed with negation `!` in order to produce an opposite comparison, e.g. `!*=` (does not contain). The comparand of a string comparison needs to be quoted with either double or single quotes if it contains spaces or special characters other than `._-`.
 
-Note that none of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, i.e. the metadata offered by the website. Any other field made available by the extractor can also be used for filtering.
+**Note**: None of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, i.e. the metadata offered by the website. Any other field made available by the extractor can also be used for filtering.
 
 Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (`?`) after the operator. You can combine format filters, so `-f "[height<=?720][tbr>500]"` selects up to 720p videos (or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500 KBit/s. You can also use the filters with `all` to download all formats that satisfy the filter, e.g. `-f "all[vcodec=none]"` selects all audio-only formats.
 
@@ -1456,17 +1537,17 @@ You can change the criteria for being considered the `best` by using `-S` (`--fo
 
 The available fields are:
 
- - `hasvid`: Gives priority to formats that has a video stream
- - `hasaud`: Gives priority to formats that has a audio stream
+ - `hasvid`: Gives priority to formats that have a video stream
+ - `hasaud`: Gives priority to formats that have an audio stream
  - `ie_pref`: The format preference
  - `lang`: The language preference
  - `quality`: The quality of the format
  - `source`: The preference of the source
  - `proto`: Protocol used for download (`https`/`ftps` > `http`/`ftp` > `m3u8_native`/`m3u8` > `http_dash_segments`> `websocket_frag` > `mms`/`rtsp` > `f4f`/`f4m`)
  - `vcodec`: Video Codec (`av01` > `vp9.2` > `vp9` > `h265` > `h264` > `vp8` > `h263` > `theora` > other)
- - `acodec`: Audio Codec (`flac`/`alac` > `wav`/`aiff` > `opus` > `vorbis` > `aac` > `mp4a` > `mp3` > `eac3` > `ac3` > `dts` > other)
+ - `acodec`: Audio Codec (`flac`/`alac` > `wav`/`aiff` > `opus` > `vorbis` > `aac` > `mp4a` > `mp3` > `ac4` > `eac3` > `ac3` > `dts` > other)
  - `codec`: Equivalent to `vcodec,acodec`
- - `vext`: Video Extension (`mp4` > `webm` > `flv` > other). If `--prefer-free-formats` is used, `webm` is preferred.
+ - `vext`: Video Extension (`mp4` > `mov` > `webm` > `flv` > other). If `--prefer-free-formats` is used, `webm` is preferred.
  - `aext`: Audio Extension (`m4a` > `aac` > `mp3` > `ogg` > `opus` > `webm` > other). If `--prefer-free-formats` is used, the order changes to `ogg` > `opus` > `webm` > `mp3` > `m4a` > `aac`
  - `ext`: Equivalent to `vext,aext`
  - `filesize`: Exact filesize, if known in advance
@@ -1542,7 +1623,7 @@ $ yt-dlp -S "+size,+br"
 $ yt-dlp -f "bv*[ext=mp4]+ba[ext=m4a]/b[ext=mp4] / bv*+ba/b"
 
 # Download the best video with the best extension
-# (For video, mp4 > webm > flv. For audio, m4a > aac > mp3 ...)
+# (For video, mp4 > mov > webm > flv. For audio, m4a > aac > mp3 ...)
 $ yt-dlp -S "ext"
 
 
@@ -1625,9 +1706,9 @@ The metadata obtained by the extractors can be modified by using `--parse-metada
 
 `--replace-in-metadata FIELDS REGEX REPLACE` is used to replace text in any metadata field using [python regular expression](https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html#regular-expression-syntax). [Backreferences](https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html?highlight=backreferences#re.sub) can be used in the replace string for advanced use.
 
-The general syntax of `--parse-metadata FROM:TO` is to give the name of a field or an [output template](#output-template) to extract data from, and the format to interpret it as, separated by a colon `:`. Either a [python regular expression](https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html#regular-expression-syntax) with named capture groups or a similar syntax to the [output template](#output-template) (only `%(field)s` formatting is supported) can be used for `TO`. The option can be used multiple times to parse and modify various fields.
+The general syntax of `--parse-metadata FROM:TO` is to give the name of a field or an [output template](#output-template) to extract data from, and the format to interpret it as, separated by a colon `:`. Either a [python regular expression](https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html#regular-expression-syntax) with named capture groups, a single field name, or a similar syntax to the [output template](#output-template) (only `%(field)s` formatting is supported) can be used for `TO`. The option can be used multiple times to parse and modify various fields.
 
-Note that any field created by this can be used in the [output template](#output-template) and will also affect the media file's metadata added when using `--add-metadata`.
+Note that these options preserve their relative order, allowing replacements to be made in parsed fields and viceversa. Also, any field thus created can be used in the [output template](#output-template) and will also affect the media file's metadata added when using `--embed-metadata`.
 
 This option also has a few special uses:
 
@@ -1673,11 +1754,11 @@ $ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "description:Artist - (?P<artist>.+)"
 $ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "%(series)s S%(season_number)02dE%(episode_number)02d:%(title)s"
 
 # Prioritize uploader as the "artist" field in video metadata
-$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "%(uploader|)s:%(meta_artist)s" --add-metadata
+$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "%(uploader|)s:%(meta_artist)s" --embed-metadata
 
 # Set "comment" field in video metadata using description instead of webpage_url,
 # handling multiple lines correctly
-$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "description:(?s)(?P<meta_comment>.+)" --add-metadata
+$ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "description:(?s)(?P<meta_comment>.+)" --embed-metadata
 
 # Do not set any "synopsis" in the video metadata
 $ yt-dlp --parse-metadata ":(?P<meta_synopsis>)"
@@ -1694,35 +1775,36 @@ $ yt-dlp --replace-in-metadata "title,uploader" "[ _]" "-"
 
 Some extractors accept additional arguments which can be passed using `--extractor-args KEY:ARGS`. `ARGS` is a `;` (semicolon) separated string of `ARG=VAL1,VAL2`. E.g. `--extractor-args "youtube:player-client=android_embedded,web;include_live_dash" --extractor-args "funimation:version=uncut"`
 
+Note: In CLI, `ARG` can use `-` instead of `_`; e.g. `youtube:player-client"` becomes `youtube:player_client"`
+
 The following extractors use this feature:
 
 #### youtube
+* `lang`: Prefer translated metadata (`title`, `description` etc) of this language code (case-sensitive). By default, the video primary language metadata is preferred, with a fallback to `en` translated. See [youtube.py](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/c26f9b991a0681fd3ea548d535919cec1fbbd430/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py#L381-L390) for list of supported content language codes
 * `skip`: One or more of `hls`, `dash` or `translated_subs` to skip extraction of the m3u8 manifests, dash manifests and [auto-translated subtitles](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4090#issuecomment-1158102032) respectively
-* `player_client`: Clients to extract video data from. The main clients are `web`, `android` and `ios` with variants `_music`, `_embedded`, `_embedscreen`, `_creator` (e.g. `web_embedded`); and `mweb` and `tv_embedded` (agegate bypass) with no variants. By default, `android,web` is used, but `tv_embedded` and `creator` variants are added as required for age-gated videos. Similarly the music variants are added for `music.youtube.com` urls. You can use `all` to use all the clients, and `default` for the default clients.
+* `player_client`: Clients to extract video data from. The main clients are `web`, `android` and `ios` with variants `_music`, `_embedded`, `_embedscreen`, `_creator` (e.g. `web_embedded`); and `mweb` and `tv_embedded` (agegate bypass) with no variants. By default, `android,web` is used, but `tv_embedded` and `creator` variants are added as required for age-gated videos. Similarly, the music variants are added for `music.youtube.com` urls. You can use `all` to use all the clients, and `default` for the default clients.
 * `player_skip`: Skip some network requests that are generally needed for robust extraction. One or more of `configs` (skip client configs), `webpage` (skip initial webpage), `js` (skip js player). While these options can help reduce the number of requests needed or avoid some rate-limiting, they could cause some issues. See [#860](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/860) for more details
-* `include_live_dash`: Include live dash formats even without `--live-from-start` (These formats don't download properly)
 * `comment_sort`: `top` or `new` (default) - choose comment sorting mode (on YouTube's side)
 * `max_comments`: Limit the amount of comments to gather. Comma-separated list of integers representing `max-comments,max-parents,max-replies,max-replies-per-thread`. Default is `all,all,all,all`
     * E.g. `all,all,1000,10` will get a maximum of 1000 replies total, with up to 10 replies per thread. `1000,all,100` will get a maximum of 1000 comments, with a maximum of 100 replies total
+* `include_incomplete_formats`: Extract formats that cannot be downloaded completely (live dash and post-live m3u8)
 * `innertube_host`: Innertube API host to use for all API requests; e.g. `studio.youtube.com`, `youtubei.googleapis.com`. Note that cookies exported from one subdomain will not work on others
 * `innertube_key`: Innertube API key to use for all API requests
-* `lang`: Language code to prefer translated metadata of this language (case-sensitive). By default, the video primary language metadata is preferred, with a fallback to `en` translated. See [youtube.py](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/c26f9b991a0681fd3ea548d535919cec1fbbd430/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py#L381-L390) for list of supported content language codes
 
 #### youtubetab (YouTube playlists, channels, feeds, etc.)
 * `skip`: One or more of `webpage` (skip initial webpage download), `authcheck` (allow the download of playlists requiring authentication when no initial webpage is downloaded. This may cause unwanted behavior, see [#1122](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/1122) for more details)
-* `approximate_date`: Extract approximate `upload_date` in flat-playlist. This may cause date-based filters to be slightly off
+* `approximate_date`: Extract approximate `upload_date` and `timestamp` in flat-playlist. This may cause date-based filters to be slightly off
+
+#### generic
+* `fragment_query`: Passthrough any query in mpd/m3u8 manifest URLs to their fragments. Does not apply to ffmpeg
 
 #### funimation
-* `language`: Languages to extract, e.g. `funimation:language=english,japanese`
+* `language`: Audio languages to extract, e.g. `funimation:language=english,japanese`
 * `version`: The video version to extract - `uncut` or `simulcast`
 
-#### crunchyroll
-* `language`: Languages to extract, e.g. `crunchyroll:language=jaJp`
-* `hardsub`: Which hard-sub versions to extract, e.g. `crunchyroll:hardsub=None,enUS`
-
-#### crunchyrollbeta
+#### crunchyrollbeta (Crunchyroll)
 * `format`: Which stream type(s) to extract (default: `adaptive_hls`). Potentially useful values include `adaptive_hls`, `adaptive_dash`, `vo_adaptive_hls`, `vo_adaptive_dash`, `download_hls`, `download_dash`, `multitrack_adaptive_hls_v2`
-* `hardsub`: Preference order for which hardsub versions to extract (default: `None` = no hardsubs), e.g. `crunchyrollbeta:hardsub=en-US,None`
+* `hardsub`: Preference order for which hardsub versions to extract, or `all` (default: `None` = no hardsubs), e.g. `crunchyrollbeta:hardsub=en-US,None`
 
 #### vikichannel
 * `video_types`: Types of videos to download - one or more of `episodes`, `movies`, `clips`, `trailers`
@@ -1742,33 +1824,88 @@ The following extractors use this feature:
 * `dr`: dynamic range to ignore - one or more of `sdr`, `hdr10`, `dv`
 
 #### tiktok
+* `api_hostname`: Hostname to use for mobile API requests, e.g. `api-h2.tiktokv.com`
 * `app_version`: App version to call mobile APIs with - should be set along with `manifest_app_version`, e.g. `20.2.1`
 * `manifest_app_version`: Numeric app version to call mobile APIs with, e.g. `221`
 
 #### rokfinchannel
 * `tab`: Which tab to download - one of `new`, `top`, `videos`, `podcasts`, `streams`, `stacks`
 
+#### twitter
+* `force_graphql`: Force usage of the GraphQL API. By default it will only be used if login cookies are provided
 
-NOTE: These options may be changed/removed in the future without concern for backward compatibility
+**Note**: These options may be changed/removed in the future without concern for backward compatibility
 
 <!-- MANPAGE: MOVE "INSTALLATION" SECTION HERE -->
 
 
 # PLUGINS
 
-Plugins are loaded from `<root-dir>/ytdlp_plugins/<type>/__init__.py`; where `<root-dir>` is the directory of the binary (`<root-dir>/yt-dlp`), or the root directory of the module if you are running directly from source-code (`<root dir>/yt_dlp/__main__.py`). Plugins are currently not supported for the `pip` version
+Note that **all** plugins are imported even if not invoked, and that **there are no checks** performed on plugin code. **Use plugins at your own risk and only if you trust the code!**
 
-Plugins can be of `<type>`s `extractor` or `postprocessor`. Extractor plugins do not need to be enabled from the CLI and are automatically invoked when the input URL is suitable for it. Postprocessor plugins can be invoked using `--use-postprocessor NAME`.
+Plugins can be of `<type>`s `extractor` or `postprocessor`. 
+- Extractor plugins do not need to be enabled from the CLI and are automatically invoked when the input URL is suitable for it. 
+- Extractor plugins take priority over builtin extractors.
+- Postprocessor plugins can be invoked using `--use-postprocessor NAME`.
 
-See [ytdlp_plugins](ytdlp_plugins) for example plugins.
 
-Note that **all** plugins are imported even if not invoked, and that **there are no checks** performed on plugin code. Use plugins at your own risk and only if you trust the code
+Plugins are loaded from the namespace packages `yt_dlp_plugins.extractor` and `yt_dlp_plugins.postprocessor`.
 
-If you are a plugin author, add [ytdlp-plugins](https://github.com/topics/ytdlp-plugins) as a topic to your repository for discoverability
+In other words, the file structure on the disk looks something like:
+    
+        yt_dlp_plugins/
+            extractor/
+                myplugin.py
+            postprocessor/
+                myplugin.py
+
+yt-dlp looks for these `yt_dlp_plugins` namespace folders in many locations (see below) and loads in plugins from **all** of them.
 
 See the [wiki for some known plugins](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Plugins)
 
+## Installing Plugins
 
+Plugins can be installed using various methods and locations.
+
+1. **Configuration directories**:
+   Plugin packages (containing a `yt_dlp_plugins` namespace folder) can be dropped into the following standard [configuration locations](#configuration):
+    * **User Plugins**
+      * `${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/` (recommended on Linux/macOS)
+      * `${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/`
+      * `${APPDATA}/yt-dlp/plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/` (recommended on Windows)
+      * `${APPDATA}/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/`
+      * `~/.yt-dlp/plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/`
+      * `~/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/`
+    * **System Plugins**
+      * `/etc/yt-dlp/plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/`
+      * `/etc/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/`
+2. **Executable location**: Plugin packages can similarly be installed in a `yt-dlp-plugins` directory under the executable location:
+    * Binary: where `<root-dir>/yt-dlp.exe`, `<root-dir>/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/`
+    * Source: where `<root-dir>/yt_dlp/__main__.py`, `<root-dir>/yt-dlp-plugins/<package name>/yt_dlp_plugins/`
+
+3. **pip and other locations in `PYTHONPATH`**
+    * Plugin packages can be installed and managed using `pip`. See [yt-dlp-sample-plugins](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp-sample-plugins) for an example.
+      * Note: plugin files between plugin packages installed with pip must have unique filenames.
+    * Any path in `PYTHONPATH` is searched in for the `yt_dlp_plugins` namespace folder.
+      * Note: This does not apply for Pyinstaller/py2exe builds.
+
+
+`.zip`, `.egg` and `.whl` archives containing a `yt_dlp_plugins` namespace folder in their root are also supported as plugin packages.
+* e.g. `${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/yt-dlp/plugins/mypluginpkg.zip` where `mypluginpkg.zip` contains `yt_dlp_plugins/<type>/myplugin.py`
+
+Run yt-dlp with `--verbose` to check if the plugin has been loaded.
+
+## Developing Plugins
+
+See the [yt-dlp-sample-plugins](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp-sample-plugins) repo for a template plugin package and the [Plugin Development](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Plugin-Development) section of the wiki for a plugin development guide.
+
+All public classes with a name ending in `IE`/`PP` are imported from each file for extractors and postprocessors repectively. This respects underscore prefix (e.g. `_MyBasePluginIE` is private) and `__all__`. Modules can similarly be excluded by prefixing the module name with an underscore (e.g. `_myplugin.py`).
+
+To replace an existing extractor with a subclass of one, set the `plugin_name` class keyword argument (e.g. `class MyPluginIE(ABuiltInIE, plugin_name='myplugin')` will replace `ABuiltInIE` with `MyPluginIE`). Since the extractor replaces the parent, you should exclude the subclass extractor from being imported separately by making it private using one of the methods described above.
+
+If you are a plugin author, add [yt-dlp-plugins](https://github.com/topics/yt-dlp-plugins) as a topic to your repository for discoverability.
+
+See the [Developer Instructions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#developer-instructions) on how to write and test an extractor.
 
 # EMBEDDING YT-DLP
 
@@ -1786,7 +1923,7 @@ with YoutubeDL() as ydl:
     ydl.download(URLS)
 ```
 
-Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of options available, have a look at [`yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py`](yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py#L180).
+Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of options available, have a look at [`yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py`](yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py#L184).
 
 **Tip**: If you are porting your code from youtube-dl to yt-dlp, one important point to look out for is that we do not guarantee the return value of `YoutubeDL.extract_info` to be json serializable, or even be a dictionary. It will be dictionary-like, but if you want to ensure it is a serializable dictionary, pass it through `YoutubeDL.sanitize_info` as shown in the [example below](#extracting-information)
 
@@ -1996,6 +2133,7 @@ While these options are redundant, they are still expected to be used due to the
     --reject-title REGEX             --match-filter "title !~= (?i)REGEX"
     --min-views COUNT                --match-filter "view_count >=? COUNT"
     --max-views COUNT                --match-filter "view_count <=? COUNT"
+    --break-on-reject                Use --break-match-filter
     --user-agent UA                  --add-header "User-Agent:UA"
     --referer URL                    --add-header "Referer:URL"
     --playlist-start NUMBER          -I NUMBER:
diff --git a/devscripts/changelog_override.json b/devscripts/changelog_override.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5c9d1aa21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/devscripts/changelog_override.json
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[
+    {
+        "action": "add",
+        "when": "776d1c3f0c9b00399896dd2e40e78e9a43218109",
+        "short": "[priority] **A new release type has been added!**\n    * [`nightly`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/tag/nightly) builds will be made after each push, containing the latest fixes (but also possibly bugs).\n    * When using `--update`/`-U`, a release binary will only update to its current channel (either `stable` or `nightly`).\n    * The `--update-to` option has been added allowing the user more control over program upgrades (or downgrades).\n    * `--update-to` can change the release channel (`stable`, `nightly`) and also upgrade or downgrade to specific tags.\n    * **Usage**: `--update-to CHANNEL`, `--update-to TAG`, `--update-to CHANNEL@TAG`"
+    },
+    {
+        "action": "add",
+        "when": "776d1c3f0c9b00399896dd2e40e78e9a43218109",
+        "short": "[priority] **YouTube throttling fixes!**"
+    }
+]
diff --git a/devscripts/changelog_override.schema.json b/devscripts/changelog_override.schema.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bd747b701
--- /dev/null
+++ b/devscripts/changelog_override.schema.json
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "type": "array",
+    "uniqueItems": true,
+    "items": {
+        "type": "object",
+        "oneOf": [
+            {
+                "type": "object",
+                "properties": {
+                    "action": {
+                        "enum": [
+                            "add"
+                        ]
+                    },
+                    "when": {
+                        "type": "string",
+                        "pattern": "^([0-9a-f]{40}|\\d{4}\\.\\d{2}\\.\\d{2})$"
+                    },
+                    "hash": {
+                        "type": "string",
+                        "pattern": "^[0-9a-f]{40}$"
+                    },
+                    "short": {
+                        "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    "authors": {
+                        "type": "array",
+                        "items": {
+                            "type": "string"
+                        }
+                    }
+                },
+                "required": [
+                    "action",
+                    "short"
+                ]
+            },
+            {
+                "type": "object",
+                "properties": {
+                    "action": {
+                        "enum": [
+                            "remove"
+                        ]
+                    },
+                    "when": {
+                        "type": "string",
+                        "pattern": "^([0-9a-f]{40}|\\d{4}\\.\\d{2}\\.\\d{2})$"
+                    },
+                    "hash": {
+                        "type": "string",
+                        "pattern": "^[0-9a-f]{40}$"
+                    }
+                },
+                "required": [
+                    "action",
+                    "hash"
+                ]
+            },
+            {
+                "type": "object",
+                "properties": {
+                    "action": {
+                        "enum": [
+                            "change"
+                        ]
+                    },
+                    "when": {
+                        "type": "string",
+                        "pattern": "^([0-9a-f]{40}|\\d{4}\\.\\d{2}\\.\\d{2})$"
+                    },
+                    "hash": {
+                        "type": "string",
+                        "pattern": "^[0-9a-f]{40}$"
+                    },
+                    "short": {
+                        "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    "authors": {
+                        "type": "array",
+                        "items": {
+                            "type": "string"
+                        }
+                    }
+                },
+                "required": [
+                    "action",
+                    "hash",
+                    "short",
+                    "authors"
+                ]
+            }
+        ]
+    }
+}
diff --git a/devscripts/lazy_load_template.py b/devscripts/lazy_load_template.py
index 626b85d620..c8815e01bc 100644
--- a/devscripts/lazy_load_template.py
+++ b/devscripts/lazy_load_template.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 # These bloat the lazy_extractors, so allow them to passthrough silently
-ALLOWED_CLASSMETHODS = {'get_testcases', 'extract_from_webpage'}
+ALLOWED_CLASSMETHODS = {'extract_from_webpage', 'get_testcases', 'get_webpage_testcases'}
 _WARNED = False
 
 
diff --git a/devscripts/make_changelog.py b/devscripts/make_changelog.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b159bc1b9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/devscripts/make_changelog.py
@@ -0,0 +1,470 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+# Allow direct execution
+import os
+import sys
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+
+import enum
+import itertools
+import json
+import logging
+import re
+from collections import defaultdict
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from functools import lru_cache
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from devscripts.utils import read_file, run_process, write_file
+
+BASE_URL = 'https://github.com'
+LOCATION_PATH = Path(__file__).parent
+HASH_LENGTH = 7
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class CommitGroup(enum.Enum):
+    UPSTREAM = None
+    PRIORITY = 'Important'
+    CORE = 'Core'
+    EXTRACTOR = 'Extractor'
+    DOWNLOADER = 'Downloader'
+    POSTPROCESSOR = 'Postprocessor'
+    MISC = 'Misc.'
+
+    @classmethod
+    @lru_cache
+    def commit_lookup(cls):
+        return {
+            name: group
+            for group, names in {
+                cls.PRIORITY: {''},
+                cls.UPSTREAM: {'upstream'},
+                cls.CORE: {
+                    'aes',
+                    'cache',
+                    'compat_utils',
+                    'compat',
+                    'cookies',
+                    'core',
+                    'dependencies',
+                    'jsinterp',
+                    'outtmpl',
+                    'plugins',
+                    'update',
+                    'utils',
+                },
+                cls.MISC: {
+                    'build',
+                    'cleanup',
+                    'devscripts',
+                    'docs',
+                    'misc',
+                    'test',
+                },
+                cls.EXTRACTOR: {'extractor', 'extractors'},
+                cls.DOWNLOADER: {'downloader'},
+                cls.POSTPROCESSOR: {'postprocessor'},
+            }.items()
+            for name in names
+        }
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get(cls, value):
+        result = cls.commit_lookup().get(value)
+        if result:
+            logger.debug(f'Mapped {value!r} => {result.name}')
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Commit:
+    hash: str | None
+    short: str
+    authors: list[str]
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        result = f'{self.short!r}'
+
+        if self.hash:
+            result += f' ({self.hash[:HASH_LENGTH]})'
+
+        if self.authors:
+            authors = ', '.join(self.authors)
+            result += f' by {authors}'
+
+        return result
+
+
+@dataclass
+class CommitInfo:
+    details: str | None
+    sub_details: tuple[str, ...]
+    message: str
+    issues: list[str]
+    commit: Commit
+    fixes: list[Commit]
+
+    def key(self):
+        return ((self.details or '').lower(), self.sub_details, self.message)
+
+
+class Changelog:
+    MISC_RE = re.compile(r'(?:^|\b)(?:lint(?:ing)?|misc|format(?:ting)?|fixes)(?:\b|$)', re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    def __init__(self, groups, repo):
+        self._groups = groups
+        self._repo = repo
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '\n'.join(self._format_groups(self._groups)).replace('\t', '    ')
+
+    def _format_groups(self, groups):
+        for item in CommitGroup:
+            group = groups[item]
+            if group:
+                yield self.format_module(item.value, group)
+
+    def format_module(self, name, group):
+        result = f'\n#### {name} changes\n' if name else '\n'
+        return result + '\n'.join(self._format_group(group))
+
+    def _format_group(self, group):
+        sorted_group = sorted(group, key=CommitInfo.key)
+        detail_groups = itertools.groupby(sorted_group, lambda item: (item.details or '').lower())
+        for _, items in detail_groups:
+            items = list(items)
+            details = items[0].details
+            if not details:
+                indent = ''
+            else:
+                yield f'- {details}'
+                indent = '\t'
+
+            if details == 'cleanup':
+                items, cleanup_misc_items = self._filter_cleanup_misc_items(items)
+
+            sub_detail_groups = itertools.groupby(items, lambda item: tuple(map(str.lower, item.sub_details)))
+            for sub_details, entries in sub_detail_groups:
+                if not sub_details:
+                    for entry in entries:
+                        yield f'{indent}- {self.format_single_change(entry)}'
+                    continue
+
+                entries = list(entries)
+                prefix = f'{indent}- {", ".join(entries[0].sub_details)}'
+                if len(entries) == 1:
+                    yield f'{prefix}: {self.format_single_change(entries[0])}'
+                    continue
+
+                yield prefix
+                for entry in entries:
+                    yield f'{indent}\t- {self.format_single_change(entry)}'
+
+            if details == 'cleanup' and cleanup_misc_items:
+                yield from self._format_cleanup_misc_sub_group(cleanup_misc_items)
+
+    def _filter_cleanup_misc_items(self, items):
+        cleanup_misc_items = defaultdict(list)
+        non_misc_items = []
+        for item in items:
+            if self.MISC_RE.search(item.message):
+                cleanup_misc_items[tuple(item.commit.authors)].append(item)
+            else:
+                non_misc_items.append(item)
+
+        return non_misc_items, cleanup_misc_items
+
+    def _format_cleanup_misc_sub_group(self, group):
+        prefix = '\t- Miscellaneous'
+        if len(group) == 1:
+            yield f'{prefix}: {next(self._format_cleanup_misc_items(group))}'
+            return
+
+        yield prefix
+        for message in self._format_cleanup_misc_items(group):
+            yield f'\t\t- {message}'
+
+    def _format_cleanup_misc_items(self, group):
+        for authors, infos in group.items():
+            message = ', '.join(
+                self._format_message_link(None, info.commit.hash)
+                for info in sorted(infos, key=lambda item: item.commit.hash or ''))
+            yield f'{message} by {self._format_authors(authors)}'
+
+    def format_single_change(self, info):
+        message = self._format_message_link(info.message, info.commit.hash)
+        if info.issues:
+            message = f'{message} ({self._format_issues(info.issues)})'
+
+        if info.commit.authors:
+            message = f'{message} by {self._format_authors(info.commit.authors)}'
+
+        if info.fixes:
+            fix_message = ', '.join(f'{self._format_message_link(None, fix.hash)}' for fix in info.fixes)
+
+            authors = sorted({author for fix in info.fixes for author in fix.authors}, key=str.casefold)
+            if authors != info.commit.authors:
+                fix_message = f'{fix_message} by {self._format_authors(authors)}'
+
+            message = f'{message} (With fixes in {fix_message})'
+
+        return message
+
+    def _format_message_link(self, message, hash):
+        assert message or hash, 'Improperly defined commit message or override'
+        message = message if message else hash[:HASH_LENGTH]
+        return f'[{message}]({self.repo_url}/commit/{hash})' if hash else message
+
+    def _format_issues(self, issues):
+        return ', '.join(f'[#{issue}]({self.repo_url}/issues/{issue})' for issue in issues)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _format_authors(authors):
+        return ', '.join(f'[{author}]({BASE_URL}/{author})' for author in authors)
+
+    @property
+    def repo_url(self):
+        return f'{BASE_URL}/{self._repo}'
+
+
+class CommitRange:
+    COMMAND = 'git'
+    COMMIT_SEPARATOR = '-----'
+
+    AUTHOR_INDICATOR_RE = re.compile(r'Authored by:? ', re.IGNORECASE)
+    MESSAGE_RE = re.compile(r'''
+        (?:\[
+            (?P<prefix>[^\]\/:,]+)
+            (?:/(?P<details>[^\]:,]+))?
+            (?:[:,](?P<sub_details>[^\]]+))?
+        \]\ )?
+        (?:(?P<sub_details_alt>`?[^:`]+`?): )?
+        (?P<message>.+?)
+        (?:\ \((?P<issues>\#\d+(?:,\ \#\d+)*)\))?
+        ''', re.VERBOSE | re.DOTALL)
+    EXTRACTOR_INDICATOR_RE = re.compile(r'(?:Fix|Add)\s+Extractors?', re.IGNORECASE)
+    FIXES_RE = re.compile(r'(?i:Fix(?:es)?(?:\s+bugs?)?(?:\s+in|\s+for)?|Revert)\s+([\da-f]{40})')
+    UPSTREAM_MERGE_RE = re.compile(r'Update to ytdl-commit-([\da-f]+)')
+
+    def __init__(self, start, end, default_author=None):
+        self._start, self._end = start, end
+        self._commits, self._fixes = self._get_commits_and_fixes(default_author)
+        self._commits_added = []
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(itertools.chain(self._commits.values(), self._commits_added))
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._commits) + len(self._commits_added)
+
+    def __contains__(self, commit):
+        if isinstance(commit, Commit):
+            if not commit.hash:
+                return False
+            commit = commit.hash
+
+        return commit in self._commits
+
+    def _get_commits_and_fixes(self, default_author):
+        result = run_process(
+            self.COMMAND, 'log', f'--format=%H%n%s%n%b%n{self.COMMIT_SEPARATOR}',
+            f'{self._start}..{self._end}' if self._start else self._end).stdout
+
+        commits = {}
+        fixes = defaultdict(list)
+        lines = iter(result.splitlines(False))
+        for i, commit_hash in enumerate(lines):
+            short = next(lines)
+            skip = short.startswith('Release ') or short == '[version] update'
+
+            authors = [default_author] if default_author else []
+            for line in iter(lambda: next(lines), self.COMMIT_SEPARATOR):
+                match = self.AUTHOR_INDICATOR_RE.match(line)
+                if match:
+                    authors = sorted(map(str.strip, line[match.end():].split(',')), key=str.casefold)
+
+            commit = Commit(commit_hash, short, authors)
+            if skip and (self._start or not i):
+                logger.debug(f'Skipped commit: {commit}')
+                continue
+            elif skip:
+                logger.debug(f'Reached Release commit, breaking: {commit}')
+                break
+
+            fix_match = self.FIXES_RE.search(commit.short)
+            if fix_match:
+                commitish = fix_match.group(1)
+                fixes[commitish].append(commit)
+
+            commits[commit.hash] = commit
+
+        for commitish, fix_commits in fixes.items():
+            if commitish in commits:
+                hashes = ', '.join(commit.hash[:HASH_LENGTH] for commit in fix_commits)
+                logger.info(f'Found fix(es) for {commitish[:HASH_LENGTH]}: {hashes}')
+                for fix_commit in fix_commits:
+                    del commits[fix_commit.hash]
+            else:
+                logger.debug(f'Commit with fixes not in changes: {commitish[:HASH_LENGTH]}')
+
+        return commits, fixes
+
+    def apply_overrides(self, overrides):
+        for override in overrides:
+            when = override.get('when')
+            if when and when not in self and when != self._start:
+                logger.debug(f'Ignored {when!r}, not in commits {self._start!r}')
+                continue
+
+            override_hash = override.get('hash')
+            if override['action'] == 'add':
+                commit = Commit(override.get('hash'), override['short'], override.get('authors') or [])
+                logger.info(f'ADD    {commit}')
+                self._commits_added.append(commit)
+
+            elif override['action'] == 'remove':
+                if override_hash in self._commits:
+                    logger.info(f'REMOVE {self._commits[override_hash]}')
+                    del self._commits[override_hash]
+
+            elif override['action'] == 'change':
+                if override_hash not in self._commits:
+                    continue
+                commit = Commit(override_hash, override['short'], override['authors'])
+                logger.info(f'CHANGE {self._commits[commit.hash]} -> {commit}')
+                self._commits[commit.hash] = commit
+
+        self._commits = {key: value for key, value in reversed(self._commits.items())}
+
+    def groups(self):
+        groups = defaultdict(list)
+        for commit in self:
+            upstream_re = self.UPSTREAM_MERGE_RE.match(commit.short)
+            if upstream_re:
+                commit.short = f'[upstream] Merge up to youtube-dl {upstream_re.group(1)}'
+
+            match = self.MESSAGE_RE.fullmatch(commit.short)
+            if not match:
+                logger.error(f'Error parsing short commit message: {commit.short!r}')
+                continue
+
+            prefix, details, sub_details, sub_details_alt, message, issues = match.groups()
+            group = None
+            if prefix:
+                if prefix == 'priority':
+                    prefix, _, details = (details or '').partition('/')
+                    logger.debug(f'Priority: {message!r}')
+                    group = CommitGroup.PRIORITY
+
+                if not details and prefix:
+                    if prefix not in ('core', 'downloader', 'extractor', 'misc', 'postprocessor', 'upstream'):
+                        logger.debug(f'Replaced details with {prefix!r}')
+                        details = prefix or None
+
+                if details == 'common':
+                    details = None
+
+                if details:
+                    details = details.strip()
+
+            else:
+                group = CommitGroup.CORE
+
+            sub_details = f'{sub_details or ""},{sub_details_alt or ""}'.replace(':', ',')
+            sub_details = tuple(filter(None, map(str.strip, sub_details.split(','))))
+
+            issues = [issue.strip()[1:] for issue in issues.split(',')] if issues else []
+
+            if not group:
+                group = CommitGroup.get(prefix.lower())
+                if not group:
+                    if self.EXTRACTOR_INDICATOR_RE.search(commit.short):
+                        group = CommitGroup.EXTRACTOR
+                    else:
+                        group = CommitGroup.POSTPROCESSOR
+                    logger.warning(f'Failed to map {commit.short!r}, selected {group.name}')
+
+            commit_info = CommitInfo(
+                details, sub_details, message.strip(),
+                issues, commit, self._fixes[commit.hash])
+            logger.debug(f'Resolved {commit.short!r} to {commit_info!r}')
+            groups[group].append(commit_info)
+
+        return groups
+
+
+def get_new_contributors(contributors_path, commits):
+    contributors = set()
+    if contributors_path.exists():
+        for line in read_file(contributors_path).splitlines():
+            author, _, _ = line.strip().partition(' (')
+            authors = author.split('/')
+            contributors.update(map(str.casefold, authors))
+
+    new_contributors = set()
+    for commit in commits:
+        for author in commit.authors:
+            author_folded = author.casefold()
+            if author_folded not in contributors:
+                contributors.add(author_folded)
+                new_contributors.add(author)
+
+    return sorted(new_contributors, key=str.casefold)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import argparse
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description='Create a changelog markdown from a git commit range')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        'commitish', default='HEAD', nargs='?',
+        help='The commitish to create the range from (default: %(default)s)')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-v', '--verbosity', action='count', default=0,
+        help='increase verbosity (can be used twice)')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-c', '--contributors', action='store_true',
+        help='update CONTRIBUTORS file (default: %(default)s)')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '--contributors-path', type=Path, default=LOCATION_PATH.parent / 'CONTRIBUTORS',
+        help='path to the CONTRIBUTORS file')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '--no-override', action='store_true',
+        help='skip override json in commit generation (default: %(default)s)')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '--override-path', type=Path, default=LOCATION_PATH / 'changelog_override.json',
+        help='path to the changelog_override.json file')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '--default-author', default='pukkandan',
+        help='the author to use without a author indicator (default: %(default)s)')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '--repo', default='yt-dlp/yt-dlp',
+        help='the github repository to use for the operations (default: %(default)s)')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H-%M-%S', format='{asctime} | {levelname:<8} | {message}',
+        level=logging.WARNING - 10 * args.verbosity, style='{', stream=sys.stderr)
+
+    commits = CommitRange(None, args.commitish, args.default_author)
+
+    if not args.no_override:
+        if args.override_path.exists():
+            overrides = json.loads(read_file(args.override_path))
+            commits.apply_overrides(overrides)
+        else:
+            logger.warning(f'File {args.override_path.as_posix()} does not exist')
+
+    logger.info(f'Loaded {len(commits)} commits')
+
+    new_contributors = get_new_contributors(args.contributors_path, commits)
+    if new_contributors:
+        if args.contributors:
+            write_file(args.contributors_path, '\n'.join(new_contributors) + '\n', mode='a')
+        logger.info(f'New contributors: {", ".join(new_contributors)}')
+
+    print(Changelog(commits.groups(), args.repo))
diff --git a/devscripts/make_issue_template.py b/devscripts/make_issue_template.py
index fd964c6c65..39b95c8da6 100644
--- a/devscripts/make_issue_template.py
+++ b/devscripts/make_issue_template.py
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ VERBOSE_TMPL = '''
       options:
         - label: Run **your** yt-dlp command with **-vU** flag added (`yt-dlp -vU <your command line>`)
           required: true
+        - label: "If using API, add `'verbose': True` to `YoutubeDL` params instead"
+          required: false
         - label: Copy the WHOLE output (starting with `[debug] Command-line config`) and insert it below
           required: true
   - type: textarea
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ NO_SKIP = '''
       label: DO NOT REMOVE OR SKIP THE ISSUE TEMPLATE
       description: Fill all fields even if you think it is irrelevant for the issue
       options:
-        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I remove or skip any mandatory\\* field
+        - label: I understand that I will be **blocked** if I *intentionally* remove or skip any mandatory\\* field
           required: true
 '''.strip()
 
diff --git a/devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py b/devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
index 43885331f8..d74ea202f0 100644
--- a/devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
+++ b/devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 # Allow direct execution
 import os
+import shutil
 import sys
 
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
@@ -13,10 +14,17 @@ from devscripts.utils import get_filename_args, read_file, write_file
 
 NO_ATTR = object()
 STATIC_CLASS_PROPERTIES = [
-    'IE_NAME', 'IE_DESC', 'SEARCH_KEY', '_VALID_URL', '_WORKING', '_ENABLED', '_NETRC_MACHINE', 'age_limit'
+    'IE_NAME', '_ENABLED', '_VALID_URL',  # Used for URL matching
+    '_WORKING', 'IE_DESC', '_NETRC_MACHINE', 'SEARCH_KEY',  # Used for --extractor-descriptions
+    'age_limit',  # Used for --age-limit (evaluated)
+    '_RETURN_TYPE',  # Accessed in CLI only with instance (evaluated)
 ]
 CLASS_METHODS = [
-    'ie_key', 'working', 'description', 'suitable', '_match_valid_url', '_match_id', 'get_temp_id', 'is_suitable'
+    'ie_key', 'suitable', '_match_valid_url',  # Used for URL matching
+    'working', 'get_temp_id', '_match_id',  # Accessed just before instance creation
+    'description',  # Used for --extractor-descriptions
+    'is_suitable',  # Used for --age-limit
+    'supports_login', 'is_single_video',  # Accessed in CLI only with instance
 ]
 IE_TEMPLATE = '''
 class {name}({bases}):
@@ -32,8 +40,12 @@ def main():
 
     _ALL_CLASSES = get_all_ies()  # Must be before import
 
+    import yt_dlp.plugins
     from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
 
+    # Filter out plugins
+    _ALL_CLASSES = [cls for cls in _ALL_CLASSES if not cls.__module__.startswith(f'{yt_dlp.plugins.PACKAGE_NAME}.')]
+
     DummyInfoExtractor = type('InfoExtractor', (InfoExtractor,), {'IE_NAME': NO_ATTR})
     module_src = '\n'.join((
         MODULE_TEMPLATE,
@@ -50,12 +62,13 @@ def get_all_ies():
     PLUGINS_DIRNAME = 'ytdlp_plugins'
     BLOCKED_DIRNAME = f'{PLUGINS_DIRNAME}_blocked'
     if os.path.exists(PLUGINS_DIRNAME):
-        os.rename(PLUGINS_DIRNAME, BLOCKED_DIRNAME)
+        # os.rename cannot be used, e.g. in Docker. See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/4958
+        shutil.move(PLUGINS_DIRNAME, BLOCKED_DIRNAME)
     try:
         from yt_dlp.extractor.extractors import _ALL_CLASSES
     finally:
         if os.path.exists(BLOCKED_DIRNAME):
-            os.rename(BLOCKED_DIRNAME, PLUGINS_DIRNAME)
+            shutil.move(BLOCKED_DIRNAME, PLUGINS_DIRNAME)
     return _ALL_CLASSES
 
 
diff --git a/devscripts/make_readme.py b/devscripts/make_readme.py
index fad993a199..2270b31d3b 100755
--- a/devscripts/make_readme.py
+++ b/devscripts/make_readme.py
@@ -45,33 +45,43 @@ switch_col_width = len(re.search(r'(?m)^\s{5,}', options).group())
 delim = f'\n{" " * switch_col_width}'
 
 PATCHES = (
-    (   # Standardize update message
+    (   # Standardize `--update` message
         r'(?m)^(    -U, --update\s+).+(\n    \s.+)*$',
         r'\1Update this program to the latest version',
     ),
-    (  # Headings
+    (   # Headings
         r'(?m)^  (\w.+\n)(    (?=\w))?',
         r'## \1'
     ),
-    (  # Do not split URLs
+    (   # Fixup `--date` formatting
+        rf'(?m)(    --date DATE.+({delim}[^\[]+)*)\[.+({delim}.+)*$',
+        (rf'\1[now|today|yesterday][-N[day|week|month|year]].{delim}'
+         f'E.g. "--date today-2weeks" downloads only{delim}'
+         'videos uploaded on the same day two weeks ago'),
+    ),
+    (   # Do not split URLs
         rf'({delim[:-1]})? (?P<label>\[\S+\] )?(?P<url>https?({delim})?:({delim})?/({delim})?/(({delim})?\S+)+)\s',
         lambda mobj: ''.join((delim, mobj.group('label') or '', re.sub(r'\s+', '', mobj.group('url')), '\n'))
     ),
-    (  # Do not split "words"
+    (   # Do not split "words"
         rf'(?m)({delim}\S+)+$',
         lambda mobj: ''.join((delim, mobj.group(0).replace(delim, '')))
     ),
-    (  # Allow overshooting last line
+    (   # Allow overshooting last line
         rf'(?m)^(?P<prev>.+)${delim}(?P<current>.+)$(?!{delim})',
         lambda mobj: (mobj.group().replace(delim, ' ')
                       if len(mobj.group()) - len(delim) + 1 <= max_width + ALLOWED_OVERSHOOT
                       else mobj.group())
     ),
-    (  # Avoid newline when a space is available b/w switch and description
+    (   # Avoid newline when a space is available b/w switch and description
         DISABLE_PATCH,  # This creates issues with prepare_manpage
         r'(?m)^(\s{4}-.{%d})(%s)' % (switch_col_width - 6, delim),
         r'\1 '
     ),
+    (   # Replace brackets with a Markdown link
+        r'SponsorBlock API \((http.+)\)',
+        r'[SponsorBlock API](\1)'
+    ),
 )
 
 readme = read_file(README_FILE)
diff --git a/devscripts/update-version.py b/devscripts/update-version.py
index caebf42414..d888be8814 100644
--- a/devscripts/update-version.py
+++ b/devscripts/update-version.py
@@ -7,16 +7,17 @@ import sys
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
 
 
+import argparse
 import contextlib
-import subprocess
 import sys
 from datetime import datetime
 
-from devscripts.utils import read_version, write_file
+from devscripts.utils import read_version, run_process, write_file
 
 
-def get_new_version(revision):
-    version = datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y.%m.%d')
+def get_new_version(version, revision):
+    if not version:
+        version = datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y.%m.%d')
 
     if revision:
         assert revision.isdigit(), 'Revision must be a number'
@@ -30,25 +31,41 @@ def get_new_version(revision):
 
 def get_git_head():
     with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
-        sp = subprocess.Popen(['git', 'rev-parse', '--short', 'HEAD'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
-        return sp.communicate()[0].decode().strip() or None
+        return run_process('git', 'rev-parse', 'HEAD').stdout.strip()
 
 
-VERSION = get_new_version((sys.argv + [''])[1])
-GIT_HEAD = get_git_head()
-
-VERSION_FILE = f'''\
+VERSION_TEMPLATE = '''\
 # Autogenerated by devscripts/update-version.py
 
-__version__ = {VERSION!r}
+__version__ = {version!r}
 
-RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = {GIT_HEAD!r}
+RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = {git_head!r}
 
 VARIANT = None
 
 UPDATE_HINT = None
+
+CHANNEL = {channel!r}
 '''
 
-write_file('yt_dlp/version.py', VERSION_FILE)
-print(f'::set-output name=ytdlp_version::{VERSION}')
-print(f'\nVersion = {VERSION}, Git HEAD = {GIT_HEAD}')
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Update the version.py file')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-c', '--channel', choices=['stable', 'nightly'], default='stable',
+        help='Select update channel (default: %(default)s)')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-o', '--output', default='yt_dlp/version.py',
+        help='The output file to write to (default: %(default)s)')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        'version', nargs='?', default=None,
+        help='A version or revision to use instead of generating one')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    git_head = get_git_head()
+    version = (
+        args.version if args.version and '.' in args.version
+        else get_new_version(None, args.version))
+    write_file(args.output, VERSION_TEMPLATE.format(
+        version=version, git_head=git_head, channel=args.channel))
+
+    print(f'version={version} ({args.channel}), head={git_head}')
diff --git a/devscripts/utils.py b/devscripts/utils.py
index aa17a5f7f6..f75a84da9f 100644
--- a/devscripts/utils.py
+++ b/devscripts/utils.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import argparse
 import functools
+import subprocess
 
 
 def read_file(fname):
@@ -7,13 +8,13 @@ def read_file(fname):
         return f.read()
 
 
-def write_file(fname, content):
-    with open(fname, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+def write_file(fname, content, mode='w'):
+    with open(fname, mode, encoding='utf-8') as f:
         return f.write(content)
 
 
-# Get the version without importing the package
 def read_version(fname='yt_dlp/version.py'):
+    """Get the version without importing the package"""
     exec(compile(read_file(fname), fname, 'exec'))
     return locals()['__version__']
 
@@ -33,3 +34,13 @@ def get_filename_args(has_infile=False, default_outfile=None):
 
 def compose_functions(*functions):
     return lambda x: functools.reduce(lambda y, f: f(y), functions, x)
+
+
+def run_process(*args, **kwargs):
+    kwargs.setdefault('text', True)
+    kwargs.setdefault('check', True)
+    kwargs.setdefault('capture_output', True)
+    if kwargs['text']:
+        kwargs.setdefault('encoding', 'utf-8')
+        kwargs.setdefault('errors', 'replace')
+    return subprocess.run(args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/public.key b/public.key
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b3af31e9aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/public.key
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
+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+=bJkn
+-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
diff --git a/pyinst.py b/pyinst.py
index 0b7c66a30f..c36f6acd4f 100644
--- a/pyinst.py
+++ b/pyinst.py
@@ -12,9 +12,8 @@ from PyInstaller.__main__ import run as run_pyinstaller
 
 from devscripts.utils import read_version
 
-OS_NAME, MACHINE, ARCH = sys.platform, platform.machine(), platform.architecture()[0][:2]
-if MACHINE in ('x86_64', 'AMD64') or ('i' in MACHINE and '86' in MACHINE):
-    # NB: Windows x86 has MACHINE = AMD64 irrespective of bitness
+OS_NAME, MACHINE, ARCH = sys.platform, platform.machine().lower(), platform.architecture()[0][:2]
+if MACHINE in ('x86', 'x86_64', 'amd64', 'i386', 'i686'):
     MACHINE = 'x86' if ARCH == '32' else ''
 
 
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ def main():
         '--icon=devscripts/logo.ico',
         '--upx-exclude=vcruntime140.dll',
         '--noconfirm',
-        *dependency_options(),
+        '--additional-hooks-dir=yt_dlp/__pyinstaller',
         *opts,
         'yt_dlp/__main__.py',
     ]
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ def exe(onedir):
     name = '_'.join(filter(None, (
         'yt-dlp',
         {'win32': '', 'darwin': 'macos'}.get(OS_NAME, OS_NAME),
-        MACHINE
+        MACHINE,
     )))
     return name, ''.join(filter(None, (
         'dist/',
@@ -78,30 +77,6 @@ def version_to_list(version):
     return list(map(int, version_list)) + [0] * (4 - len(version_list))
 
 
-def dependency_options():
-    # Due to the current implementation, these are auto-detected, but explicitly add them just in case
-    dependencies = [pycryptodome_module(), 'mutagen', 'brotli', 'certifi', 'websockets']
-    excluded_modules = ('youtube_dl', 'youtube_dlc', 'test', 'ytdlp_plugins', 'devscripts')
-
-    yield from (f'--hidden-import={module}' for module in dependencies)
-    yield '--collect-submodules=websockets'
-    yield from (f'--exclude-module={module}' for module in excluded_modules)
-
-
-def pycryptodome_module():
-    try:
-        import Cryptodome  # noqa: F401
-    except ImportError:
-        try:
-            import Crypto  # noqa: F401
-            print('WARNING: Using Crypto since Cryptodome is not available. '
-                  'Install with: pip install pycryptodomex', file=sys.stderr)
-            return 'Crypto'
-        except ImportError:
-            pass
-    return 'Cryptodome'
-
-
 def set_version_info(exe, version):
     if OS_NAME == 'win32':
         windows_set_version(exe, version)
@@ -110,7 +85,6 @@ def set_version_info(exe, version):
 def windows_set_version(exe, version):
     from PyInstaller.utils.win32.versioninfo import (
         FixedFileInfo,
-        SetVersion,
         StringFileInfo,
         StringStruct,
         StringTable,
@@ -119,6 +93,11 @@ def windows_set_version(exe, version):
         VSVersionInfo,
     )
 
+    try:
+        from PyInstaller.utils.win32.versioninfo import SetVersion
+    except ImportError:  # Pyinstaller >= 5.8
+        from PyInstaller.utils.win32.versioninfo import write_version_info_to_executable as SetVersion
+
     version_list = version_to_list(version)
     suffix = MACHINE and f'_{MACHINE}'
     SetVersion(exe, VSVersionInfo(
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97718ec431
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[build-system]
+build-backend = 'setuptools.build_meta'
+# https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5941
+# https://github.com/pypa/distutils/issues/17
+requires = ['setuptools > 50']
diff --git a/setup.cfg b/setup.cfg
index d33c7d8549..6deaa79715 100644
--- a/setup.cfg
+++ b/setup.cfg
@@ -10,6 +10,14 @@ per_file_ignores =
     devscripts/lazy_load_template.py: F401
 
 
+[autoflake]
+ignore-init-module-imports = true
+ignore-pass-after-docstring = true
+remove-all-unused-imports = true
+remove-duplicate-keys = true
+remove-unused-variables = true
+
+
 [tool:pytest]
 addopts = -ra -v --strict-markers
 markers =
@@ -18,12 +26,12 @@ markers =
 
 [tox:tox]
 skipsdist = true
-envlist = py{36,37,38,39,310},pypy{36,37,38,39}
+envlist = py{36,37,38,39,310,311},pypy{36,37,38,39}
 skip_missing_interpreters = true
 
 [testenv]  # tox
 deps =
-   pytest
+    pytest
 commands = pytest {posargs:"-m not download"}
 passenv = HOME  # For test_compat_expanduser
 setenv =
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index e376a694a3..ccfcf42520 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 
-import os.path
-import subprocess
+# Allow execution from anywhere
+import os
 import sys
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
+
+import subprocess
 import warnings
 
 try:
@@ -32,41 +36,38 @@ def packages():
 
     return [
         'yt_dlp', 'yt_dlp.extractor', 'yt_dlp.downloader', 'yt_dlp.postprocessor', 'yt_dlp.compat',
-        'yt_dlp.extractor.anvato_token_generator',
     ]
 
 
 def py2exe_params():
-    import py2exe  # noqa: F401
-
     warnings.warn(
         'py2exe builds do not support pycryptodomex and needs VC++14 to run. '
-        'The recommended way is to use "pyinst.py" to build using pyinstaller')
+        'It is recommended to run "pyinst.py" to build using pyinstaller instead')
 
     return {
         'console': [{
             'script': './yt_dlp/__main__.py',
             'dest_base': 'yt-dlp',
+            'icon_resources': [(1, 'devscripts/logo.ico')],
+        }],
+        'version_info': {
             'version': VERSION,
             'description': DESCRIPTION,
             'comments': LONG_DESCRIPTION.split('\n')[0],
             'product_name': 'yt-dlp',
             'product_version': VERSION,
-            'icon_resources': [(1, 'devscripts/logo.ico')],
-        }],
-        'options': {
-            'py2exe': {
-                'bundle_files': 0,
-                'compressed': 1,
-                'optimize': 2,
-                'dist_dir': './dist',
-                'excludes': ['Crypto', 'Cryptodome'],  # py2exe cannot import Crypto
-                'dll_excludes': ['w9xpopen.exe', 'crypt32.dll'],
-                # Modules that are only imported dynamically must be added here
-                'includes': ['yt_dlp.compat._legacy'],
-            }
         },
-        'zipfile': None
+        'options': {
+            'bundle_files': 0,
+            'compressed': 1,
+            'optimize': 2,
+            'dist_dir': './dist',
+            'excludes': ['Crypto', 'Cryptodome'],  # py2exe cannot import Crypto
+            'dll_excludes': ['w9xpopen.exe', 'crypt32.dll'],
+            # Modules that are only imported dynamically must be added here
+            'includes': ['yt_dlp.compat._legacy'],
+        },
+        'zipfile': None,
     }
 
 
@@ -91,7 +92,10 @@ def build_params():
     params = {'data_files': data_files}
 
     if setuptools_available:
-        params['entry_points'] = {'console_scripts': ['yt-dlp = yt_dlp:main']}
+        params['entry_points'] = {
+            'console_scripts': ['yt-dlp = yt_dlp:main'],
+            'pyinstaller40': ['hook-dirs = yt_dlp.__pyinstaller:get_hook_dirs'],
+        }
     else:
         params['scripts'] = ['yt-dlp']
     return params
@@ -114,41 +118,58 @@ class build_lazy_extractors(Command):
         subprocess.run([sys.executable, 'devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py'])
 
 
-params = py2exe_params() if sys.argv[1:2] == ['py2exe'] else build_params()
-setup(
-    name='yt-dlp',
-    version=VERSION,
-    maintainer='pukkandan',
-    maintainer_email='pukkandan.ytdlp@gmail.com',
-    description=DESCRIPTION,
-    long_description=LONG_DESCRIPTION,
-    long_description_content_type='text/markdown',
-    url='https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp',
-    packages=packages(),
-    install_requires=REQUIREMENTS,
-    python_requires='>=3.7',
-    project_urls={
-        'Documentation': 'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#readme',
-        'Source': 'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp',
-        'Tracker': 'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues',
-        'Funding': 'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/Collaborators.md#collaborators',
-    },
-    classifiers=[
-        'Topic :: Multimedia :: Video',
-        'Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable',
-        'Environment :: Console',
-        'Programming Language :: Python',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy',
-        'License :: Public Domain',
-        'Operating System :: OS Independent',
-    ],
-    cmdclass={'build_lazy_extractors': build_lazy_extractors},
-    **params
-)
+def main():
+    if sys.argv[1:2] == ['py2exe']:
+        params = py2exe_params()
+        try:
+            from py2exe import freeze
+        except ImportError:
+            import py2exe  # noqa: F401
+            warnings.warn('You are using an outdated version of py2exe. Support for this version will be removed in the future')
+            params['console'][0].update(params.pop('version_info'))
+            params['options'] = {'py2exe': params.pop('options')}
+        else:
+            return freeze(**params)
+    else:
+        params = build_params()
+
+    setup(
+        name='yt-dlp',
+        version=VERSION,
+        maintainer='pukkandan',
+        maintainer_email='pukkandan.ytdlp@gmail.com',
+        description=DESCRIPTION,
+        long_description=LONG_DESCRIPTION,
+        long_description_content_type='text/markdown',
+        url='https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp',
+        packages=packages(),
+        install_requires=REQUIREMENTS,
+        python_requires='>=3.7',
+        project_urls={
+            'Documentation': 'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#readme',
+            'Source': 'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp',
+            'Tracker': 'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues',
+            'Funding': 'https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/Collaborators.md#collaborators',
+        },
+        classifiers=[
+            'Topic :: Multimedia :: Video',
+            'Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable',
+            'Environment :: Console',
+            'Programming Language :: Python',
+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7',
+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8',
+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9',
+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10',
+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11',
+            'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation',
+            'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython',
+            'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy',
+            'License :: Public Domain',
+            'Operating System :: OS Independent',
+        ],
+        cmdclass={'build_lazy_extractors': build_lazy_extractors},
+        **params
+    )
+
+
+main()
diff --git a/supportedsites.md b/supportedsites.md
index 7b1e72016b..f5c8c38295 100644
--- a/supportedsites.md
+++ b/supportedsites.md
@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@
  - **0000studio:clip**
  - **17live**
  - **17live:clip**
+ - **1News**: 1news.co.nz article videos
  - **1tv**: Первый канал
- - **20.detik.com**
  - **20min**
  - **23video**
  - **247sports**
+ - **24tv.ua**
  - **24video**
  - **3qsdn**: 3Q SDN
  - **3sat**
@@ -22,19 +23,19 @@
  - **9now.com.au**
  - **abc.net.au**
  - **abc.net.au:iview**
- - **abc.net.au:iview:showseries**
+ - **abc.net.au:​iview:showseries**
  - **abcnews**
  - **abcnews:video**
  - **abcotvs**: ABC Owned Television Stations
  - **abcotvs:clips**
- - **AbemaTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>abematv</em></abbr>]
+ - **AbemaTV**: [*abematv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **AbemaTVTitle**
  - **AcademicEarth:Course**
  - **acast**
  - **acast:channel**
  - **AcFunBangumi**
  - **AcFunVideo**
- - **ADN**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>animedigitalnetwork</em></abbr>] Anime Digital Network
+ - **ADN**: [*animationdigitalnetwork*](## "netrc machine") Animation Digital Network
  - **AdobeConnect**
  - **adobetv**
  - **adobetv:channel**
@@ -45,24 +46,32 @@
  - **aenetworks**: A+E Networks: A&E, Lifetime, History.com, FYI Network and History Vault
  - **aenetworks:collection**
  - **aenetworks:show**
- - **afreecatv**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>afreecatv</em></abbr>] afreecatv.com
- - **afreecatv:live**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>afreecatv</em></abbr>] afreecatv.com
+ - **AeonCo**
+ - **afreecatv**: [*afreecatv*](## "netrc machine") afreecatv.com
+ - **afreecatv:live**: [*afreecatv*](## "netrc machine") afreecatv.com
  - **afreecatv:user**
  - **AirMozilla**
+ - **AirTV**
+ - **AitubeKZVideo**
  - **AliExpressLive**
  - **AlJazeera**
  - **Allocine**
  - **AlphaPorno**
  - **Alsace20TV**
  - **Alsace20TVEmbed**
- - **Alura**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>alura</em></abbr>]
- - **AluraCourse**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>aluracourse</em></abbr>]
+ - **Alura**: [*alura*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **AluraCourse**: [*aluracourse*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Amara**
+ - **AmazonMiniTV**
+ - **amazonminitv:season**: Amazon MiniTV Season, "minitv:season:" prefix
+ - **amazonminitv:series**: Amazon MiniTV Series, "minitv:series:" prefix
+ - **AmazonReviews**
  - **AmazonStore**
  - **AMCNetworks**
  - **AmericasTestKitchen**
  - **AmericasTestKitchenSeason**
  - **AmHistoryChannel**
+ - **AnchorFMEpisode**
  - **anderetijden**: npo.nl, ntr.nl, omroepwnl.nl, zapp.nl and npo3.nl
  - **Angel**
  - **AnimalPlanet**
@@ -91,7 +100,7 @@
  - **ArteTVPlaylist**
  - **AsianCrush**
  - **AsianCrushPlaylist**
- - **AtresPlayer**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>atresplayer</em></abbr>]
+ - **AtresPlayer**: [*atresplayer*](## "netrc machine")
  - **AtScaleConfEvent**
  - **ATTTechChannel**
  - **ATVAt**
@@ -118,22 +127,24 @@
  - **Bandcamp:album**
  - **Bandcamp:user**
  - **Bandcamp:weekly**
- - **bangumi.bilibili.com**: BiliBili番剧
  - **BannedVideo**
- - **bbc**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>bbc</em></abbr>] BBC
- - **bbc.co.uk**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>bbc</em></abbr>] BBC iPlayer
+ - **bbc**: [*bbc*](## "netrc machine") BBC
+ - **bbc.co.uk**: [*bbc*](## "netrc machine") BBC iPlayer
  - **bbc.co.uk:article**: BBC articles
- - **bbc.co.uk:iplayer:episodes**
- - **bbc.co.uk:iplayer:group**
+ - **bbc.co.uk:​iplayer:episodes**
+ - **bbc.co.uk:​iplayer:group**
  - **bbc.co.uk:playlist**
- - **BBVTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>bbvtv</em></abbr>]
- - **BBVTVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>bbvtv</em></abbr>]
- - **BBVTVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>bbvtv</em></abbr>]
+ - **BBVTV**: [*bbvtv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **BBVTVLive**: [*bbvtv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **BBVTVRecordings**: [*bbvtv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **BeatBumpPlaylist**
+ - **BeatBumpVideo**
  - **Beatport**
  - **Beeg**
  - **BehindKink**
  - **Bellator**
  - **BellMedia**
+ - **BerufeTV**
  - **Bet**
  - **bfi:player**
  - **bfmtv**
@@ -147,11 +158,15 @@
  - **Bilibili category extractor**
  - **BilibiliAudio**
  - **BilibiliAudioAlbum**
- - **BilibiliChannel**
+ - **BiliBiliBangumi**
+ - **BiliBiliBangumiMedia**
  - **BiliBiliPlayer**
  - **BiliBiliSearch**: Bilibili video search; "bilisearch:" prefix
- - **BiliIntl**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>biliintl</em></abbr>]
- - **BiliIntlSeries**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>biliintl</em></abbr>]
+ - **BilibiliSpaceAudio**
+ - **BilibiliSpacePlaylist**
+ - **BilibiliSpaceVideo**
+ - **BiliIntl**: [*biliintl*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **biliIntl:series**: [*biliintl*](## "netrc machine")
  - **BiliLive**
  - **BioBioChileTV**
  - **Biography**
@@ -163,12 +178,15 @@
  - **BlackboardCollaborate**
  - **BleacherReport**
  - **BleacherReportCMS**
+ - **blerp**
  - **blogger.com**
  - **Bloomberg**
  - **BokeCC**
  - **BongaCams**
+ - **BooyahClips**
  - **BostonGlobe**
  - **Box**
+ - **BoxCastVideo**
  - **Bpb**: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung
  - **BR**: Bayerischer Rundfunk
  - **BravoTV**
@@ -179,6 +197,7 @@
  - **BRMediathek**: Bayerischer Rundfunk Mediathek
  - **bt:article**: Bergens Tidende Articles
  - **bt:vestlendingen**: Bergens Tidende - Vestlendingen
+ - **Bundesliga**
  - **BusinessInsider**
  - **BuzzFeed**
  - **BYUtv**
@@ -189,6 +208,7 @@
  - **Camdemy**
  - **CamdemyFolder**
  - **CamModels**
+ - **Camsoda**
  - **CamtasiaEmbed**
  - **CamWithHer**
  - **CanalAlpha**
@@ -212,7 +232,7 @@
  - **cbssports:embed**
  - **CCMA**
  - **CCTV**: 央视网
- - **CDA**
+ - **CDA**: [*cdapl*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Cellebrite**
  - **CeskaTelevize**
  - **CGTN**
@@ -227,6 +247,7 @@
  - **cielotv.it**
  - **Cinchcast**
  - **Cinemax**
+ - **CinetecaMilano**
  - **CiscoLiveSearch**
  - **CiscoLiveSession**
  - **ciscowebex**: Cisco Webex
@@ -247,6 +268,7 @@
  - **CNN**
  - **CNNArticle**
  - **CNNBlogs**
+ - **CNNIndonesia**
  - **ComedyCentral**
  - **ComedyCentralTV**
  - **CondeNast**: Condé Nast media group: Allure, Architectural Digest, Ars Technica, Bon Appétit, Brides, Condé Nast, Condé Nast Traveler, Details, Epicurious, GQ, Glamour, Golf Digest, SELF, Teen Vogue, The New Yorker, Vanity Fair, Vogue, W Magazine, WIRED
@@ -264,10 +286,8 @@
  - **CrooksAndLiars**
  - **CrowdBunker**
  - **CrowdBunkerChannel**
- - **crunchyroll**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>crunchyroll</em></abbr>]
- - **crunchyroll:beta**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>crunchyroll</em></abbr>]
- - **crunchyroll:playlist**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>crunchyroll</em></abbr>]
- - **crunchyroll:playlist:beta**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>crunchyroll</em></abbr>]
+ - **crunchyroll**: [*crunchyroll*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **crunchyroll:playlist**: [*crunchyroll*](## "netrc machine")
  - **CSpan**: C-SPAN
  - **CSpanCongress**
  - **CtsNews**: 華視新聞
@@ -275,18 +295,18 @@
  - **CTVNews**
  - **cu.ntv.co.jp**: Nippon Television Network
  - **CultureUnplugged**
- - **curiositystream**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>curiositystream</em></abbr>]
- - **curiositystream:collections**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>curiositystream</em></abbr>]
- - **curiositystream:series**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>curiositystream</em></abbr>]
+ - **curiositystream**: [*curiositystream*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **curiositystream:collections**: [*curiositystream*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **curiositystream:series**: [*curiositystream*](## "netrc machine")
  - **CWTV**
- - **Cybrary**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>cybrary</em></abbr>]
- - **CybraryCourse**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>cybrary</em></abbr>]
+ - **Cybrary**: [*cybrary*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **CybraryCourse**: [*cybrary*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Daftsex**
  - **DagelijkseKost**: dagelijksekost.een.be
  - **DailyMail**
- - **dailymotion**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>dailymotion</em></abbr>]
- - **dailymotion:playlist**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>dailymotion</em></abbr>]
- - **dailymotion:user**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>dailymotion</em></abbr>]
+ - **dailymotion**: [*dailymotion*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **dailymotion:playlist**: [*dailymotion*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **dailymotion:user**: [*dailymotion*](## "netrc machine")
  - **DailyWire**
  - **DailyWirePodcast**
  - **damtomo:record**
@@ -303,9 +323,12 @@
  - **defense.gouv.fr**
  - **democracynow**
  - **DestinationAmerica**
+ - **DetikEmbed**
+ - **DeuxM**
+ - **DeuxMNews**
  - **DHM**: Filmarchiv - Deutsches Historisches Museum
  - **Digg**
- - **DigitalConcertHall**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>digitalconcerthall</em></abbr>] DigitalConcertHall extractor
+ - **DigitalConcertHall**: [*digitalconcerthall*](## "netrc machine") DigitalConcertHall extractor
  - **DigitallySpeaking**
  - **Digiteka**
  - **Discovery**
@@ -320,7 +343,6 @@
  - **DIYNetwork**
  - **dlive:stream**
  - **dlive:vod**
- - **DoodStream**
  - **Dotsub**
  - **Douyin**
  - **DouyuShow**
@@ -329,11 +351,13 @@
  - **DRBonanza**
  - **Drooble**
  - **Dropbox**
- - **Dropout**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>dropout</em></abbr>]
+ - **Dropout**: [*dropout*](## "netrc machine")
  - **DropoutSeason**
  - **DrTuber**
  - **drtv**
  - **drtv:live**
+ - **drtv:season**
+ - **drtv:series**
  - **DTube**
  - **duboku**: www.duboku.io
  - **duboku:list**: www.duboku.io entire series
@@ -343,14 +367,15 @@
  - **dw:article**
  - **EaglePlatform**
  - **EbaumsWorld**
+ - **Ebay**
  - **EchoMsk**
  - **egghead:course**: egghead.io course
  - **egghead:lesson**: egghead.io lesson
  - **ehftv**
  - **eHow**
- - **EinsUndEinsTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>1und1tv</em></abbr>]
- - **EinsUndEinsTVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>1und1tv</em></abbr>]
- - **EinsUndEinsTVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>1und1tv</em></abbr>]
+ - **EinsUndEinsTV**: [*1und1tv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **EinsUndEinsTVLive**: [*1und1tv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **EinsUndEinsTVRecordings**: [*1und1tv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Einthusan**
  - **eitb.tv**
  - **EllenTube**
@@ -365,7 +390,7 @@
  - **EpiconSeries**
  - **Epoch**
  - **Eporner**
- - **EroProfile**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>eroprofile</em></abbr>]
+ - **EroProfile**: [*eroprofile*](## "netrc machine")
  - **EroProfile:album**
  - **ertflix**: ERTFLIX videos
  - **ertflix:codename**: ERTFLIX videos by codename
@@ -376,23 +401,24 @@
  - **ESPNCricInfo**
  - **EsriVideo**
  - **Europa**
+ - **EuroParlWebstream**
  - **EuropeanTour**
  - **Eurosport**
  - **EUScreen**
- - **EWETV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>ewetv</em></abbr>]
- - **EWETVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>ewetv</em></abbr>]
- - **EWETVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>ewetv</em></abbr>]
+ - **EWETV**: [*ewetv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **EWETVLive**: [*ewetv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **EWETVRecordings**: [*ewetv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **ExpoTV**
  - **Expressen**
  - **ExtremeTube**
  - **EyedoTV**
- - **facebook**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>facebook</em></abbr>]
+ - **facebook**: [*facebook*](## "netrc machine")
  - **facebook:reel**
  - **FacebookPluginsVideo**
- - **fancode:live**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>fancode</em></abbr>]
- - **fancode:vod**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>fancode</em></abbr>]
+ - **fancode:live**: [*fancode*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **fancode:vod**: [*fancode*](## "netrc machine")
  - **faz.net**
- - **fc2**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>fc2</em></abbr>]
+ - **fc2**: [*fc2*](## "netrc machine")
  - **fc2:embed**
  - **fc2:live**
  - **Fczenit**
@@ -414,6 +440,7 @@
  - **Foxgay**
  - **foxnews**: Fox News and Fox Business Video
  - **foxnews:article**
+ - **FoxNewsVideo**
  - **FoxSports**
  - **fptplay**: fptplay.vn
  - **FranceCulture**
@@ -425,20 +452,20 @@
  - **freespeech.org**
  - **freetv:series**
  - **FreeTvMovies**
- - **FrontendMasters**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>frontendmasters</em></abbr>]
- - **FrontendMastersCourse**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>frontendmasters</em></abbr>]
- - **FrontendMastersLesson**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>frontendmasters</em></abbr>]
+ - **FrontendMasters**: [*frontendmasters*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **FrontendMastersCourse**: [*frontendmasters*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **FrontendMastersLesson**: [*frontendmasters*](## "netrc machine")
  - **FujiTVFODPlus7**
- - **Funimation**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>funimation</em></abbr>]
- - **funimation:page**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>funimation</em></abbr>]
- - **funimation:show**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>funimation</em></abbr>]
+ - **Funimation**: [*funimation*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **funimation:page**: [*funimation*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **funimation:show**: [*funimation*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Funk**
  - **Fusion**
  - **Fux**
  - **FuyinTV**
  - **Gab**
  - **GabTV**
- - **Gaia**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>gaia</em></abbr>]
+ - **Gaia**: [*gaia*](## "netrc machine")
  - **GameInformer**
  - **GameJolt**
  - **GameJoltCommunity**
@@ -450,21 +477,23 @@
  - **GameStar**
  - **Gaskrank**
  - **Gazeta**
- - **GDCVault**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>gdcvault</em></abbr>]
+ - **GDCVault**: [*gdcvault*](## "netrc machine")
  - **GediDigital**
- - **gem.cbc.ca**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>cbcgem</em></abbr>]
+ - **gem.cbc.ca**: [*cbcgem*](## "netrc machine")
  - **gem.cbc.ca:live**
  - **gem.cbc.ca:playlist**
+ - **Genius**
+ - **GeniusLyrics**
  - **Gettr**
  - **GettrStreaming**
  - **Gfycat**
  - **GiantBomb**
  - **Giga**
- - **GlattvisionTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>glattvisiontv</em></abbr>]
- - **GlattvisionTVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>glattvisiontv</em></abbr>]
- - **GlattvisionTVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>glattvisiontv</em></abbr>]
+ - **GlattvisionTV**: [*glattvisiontv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **GlattvisionTVLive**: [*glattvisiontv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **GlattvisionTVRecordings**: [*glattvisiontv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Glide**: Glide mobile video messages (glide.me)
- - **Globo**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>globo</em></abbr>]
+ - **Globo**: [*globo*](## "netrc machine")
  - **GloboArticle**
  - **glomex**: Glomex videos
  - **glomex:embed**: Glomex embedded videos
@@ -475,9 +504,10 @@
  - **Golem**
  - **goodgame:stream**
  - **google:podcasts**
- - **google:podcasts:feed**
+ - **google:​podcasts:feed**
  - **GoogleDrive**
  - **GoogleDrive:Folder**
+ - **GoPlay**: [*goplay*](## "netrc machine")
  - **GoPro**
  - **Goshgay**
  - **GoToStage**
@@ -497,7 +527,7 @@
  - **hgtv.com:show**
  - **HGTVDe**
  - **HGTVUsa**
- - **HiDive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>hidive</em></abbr>]
+ - **HiDive**: [*hidive*](## "netrc machine")
  - **HistoricFilms**
  - **history:player**
  - **history:topic**: History.com Topic
@@ -509,12 +539,13 @@
  - **HotNewHipHop**
  - **hotstar**
  - **hotstar:playlist**
+ - **hotstar:season**
  - **hotstar:series**
  - **Howcast**
  - **HowStuffWorks**
  - **hrfernsehen**
- - **HRTi**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>hrti</em></abbr>]
- - **HRTiPlaylist**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>hrti</em></abbr>]
+ - **HRTi**: [*hrti*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **HRTiPlaylist**: [*hrti*](## "netrc machine")
  - **HSEProduct**
  - **HSEShow**
  - **html5**
@@ -527,11 +558,14 @@
  - **Hypem**
  - **Hytale**
  - **Icareus**
+ - **iflix:episode**
+ - **IflixSeries**
  - **ign.com**
  - **IGNArticle**
  - **IGNVideo**
  - **IHeartRadio**
  - **iheartradio:podcast**
+ - **Iltalehti**
  - **imdb**: Internet Movie Database trailers
  - **imdb:list**: Internet Movie Database lists
  - **Imgur**
@@ -541,21 +575,22 @@
  - **Inc**
  - **IndavideoEmbed**
  - **InfoQ**
- - **Instagram**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>instagram</em></abbr>]
- - **instagram:story**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>instagram</em></abbr>]
- - **instagram:tag**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>instagram</em></abbr>] Instagram hashtag search URLs
- - **instagram:user**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>instagram</em></abbr>] Instagram user profile
+ - **Instagram**: [*instagram*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **instagram:story**: [*instagram*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **instagram:tag**: [*instagram*](## "netrc machine") Instagram hashtag search URLs
+ - **instagram:user**: [*instagram*](## "netrc machine") Instagram user profile
  - **InstagramIOS**: IOS instagram:// URL
  - **Internazionale**
  - **InternetVideoArchive**
  - **InvestigationDiscovery**
- - **IPrima**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>iprima</em></abbr>]
+ - **IPrima**: [*iprima*](## "netrc machine")
  - **IPrimaCNN**
  - **iq.com**: International version of iQiyi
  - **iq.com:album**
- - **iqiyi**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>iqiyi</em></abbr>] 爱奇艺
+ - **iqiyi**: [*iqiyi*](## "netrc machine") 爱奇艺
  - **IslamChannel**
  - **IslamChannelSeries**
+ - **IsraelNationalNews**
  - **ITProTV**
  - **ITProTVCourse**
  - **ITTF**
@@ -564,6 +599,7 @@
  - **ivi**: ivi.ru
  - **ivi:compilation**: ivi.ru compilations
  - **ivideon**: Ivideon TV
+ - **IVXPlayer**
  - **Iwara**
  - **iwara:playlist**
  - **iwara:user**
@@ -579,6 +615,8 @@
  - **JWPlatform**
  - **Kakao**
  - **Kaltura**
+ - **Kanal2**
+ - **KankaNews**
  - **Karaoketv**
  - **KarriereVideos**
  - **Katsomo**
@@ -587,10 +625,13 @@
  - **Ketnet**
  - **khanacademy**
  - **khanacademy:unit**
+ - **Kick**
  - **Kicker**
  - **KickStarter**
+ - **KickVOD**
  - **KinjaEmbed**
  - **KinoPoisk**
+ - **Kommunetv**
  - **KompasVideo**
  - **KonserthusetPlay**
  - **Koo**
@@ -605,7 +646,7 @@
  - **kuwo:singer**: 酷我音乐 - 歌手
  - **kuwo:song**: 酷我音乐
  - **la7.it**
- - **la7.it:pod:episode**
+ - **la7.it:​pod:episode**
  - **la7.it:podcast**
  - **laola1tv**
  - **laola1tv:embed**
@@ -619,9 +660,11 @@
  - **LcpPlay**
  - **Le**: 乐视网
  - **Lecture2Go**
- - **Lecturio**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>lecturio</em></abbr>]
- - **LecturioCourse**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>lecturio</em></abbr>]
- - **LecturioDeCourse**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>lecturio</em></abbr>]
+ - **Lecturio**: [*lecturio*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **LecturioCourse**: [*lecturio*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **LecturioDeCourse**: [*lecturio*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **LeFigaroVideoEmbed**
+ - **LeFigaroVideoSection**
  - **LEGO**
  - **Lemonde**
  - **Lenta**
@@ -637,11 +680,12 @@
  - **limelight:channel_list**
  - **LineLive**
  - **LineLiveChannel**
- - **LinkedIn**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>linkedin</em></abbr>]
- - **linkedin:learning**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>linkedin</em></abbr>]
- - **linkedin:learning:course**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>linkedin</em></abbr>]
- - **LinuxAcademy**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>linuxacademy</em></abbr>]
+ - **LinkedIn**: [*linkedin*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **linkedin:learning**: [*linkedin*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **linkedin:​learning:course**: [*linkedin*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **LinuxAcademy**: [*linuxacademy*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Liputan6**
+ - **ListenNotes**
  - **LiTV**
  - **LiveJournal**
  - **livestream**
@@ -654,13 +698,14 @@
  - **LoveHomePorn**
  - **LRTStream**
  - **LRTVOD**
- - **lynda**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>lynda</em></abbr>] lynda.com videos
- - **lynda:course**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>lynda</em></abbr>] lynda.com online courses
+ - **Lumni**
+ - **lynda**: [*lynda*](## "netrc machine") lynda.com videos
+ - **lynda:course**: [*lynda*](## "netrc machine") lynda.com online courses
  - **m6**
  - **MagentaMusik360**
  - **mailru**: Видео@Mail.Ru
  - **mailru:music**: Музыка@Mail.Ru
- - **mailru:music:search**: Музыка@Mail.Ru
+ - **mailru:​music:search**: Музыка@Mail.Ru
  - **MainStreaming**: MainStreaming Player
  - **MallTV**
  - **mangomolo:live**
@@ -688,6 +733,8 @@
  - **Mediasite**
  - **MediasiteCatalog**
  - **MediasiteNamedCatalog**
+ - **MediaStream**
+ - **MediaWorksNZVOD**
  - **Medici**
  - **megaphone.fm**: megaphone.fm embedded players
  - **megatvcom**: megatv.com videos
@@ -700,10 +747,11 @@
  - **mewatch**
  - **Mgoon**
  - **MiaoPai**
+ - **MicrosoftEmbed**
  - **microsoftstream**: Microsoft Stream
  - **mildom**: Record ongoing live by specific user in Mildom
  - **mildom:clip**: Clip in Mildom
- - **mildom:user:vod**: Download all VODs from specific user in Mildom
+ - **mildom:​user:vod**: Download all VODs from specific user in Mildom
  - **mildom:vod**: VOD in Mildom
  - **minds**
  - **minds:channel**
@@ -721,23 +769,26 @@
  - **mixcloud:playlist**
  - **mixcloud:user**
  - **MLB**
- - **MLBTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>mlb</em></abbr>]
+ - **MLBArticle**
+ - **MLBTV**: [*mlb*](## "netrc machine")
  - **MLBVideo**
  - **MLSSoccer**
  - **Mnet**
- - **MNetTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>mnettv</em></abbr>]
- - **MNetTVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>mnettv</em></abbr>]
- - **MNetTVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>mnettv</em></abbr>]
+ - **MNetTV**: [*mnettv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **MNetTVLive**: [*mnettv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **MNetTVRecordings**: [*mnettv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **MochaVideo**
  - **MoeVideo**: LetitBit video services: moevideo.net, playreplay.net and videochart.net
  - **Mofosex**
  - **MofosexEmbed**
  - **Mojvideo**
+ - **MonsterSirenHypergryphMusic**
  - **Morningstar**: morningstar.com
  - **Motherless**
  - **MotherlessGroup**
  - **Motorsport**: motorsport.com
  - **MotorTrend**
+ - **MotorTrendOnDemand**
  - **MovieClips**
  - **MovieFap**
  - **Moviepilot**
@@ -788,7 +839,7 @@
  - **navernow**
  - **NBA**
  - **nba:watch**
- - **nba:watch:collection**
+ - **nba:​watch:collection**
  - **NBAChannel**
  - **NBAEmbed**
  - **NBAWatchEmbed**
@@ -799,13 +850,14 @@
  - **NBCSports**
  - **NBCSportsStream**
  - **NBCSportsVPlayer**
+ - **NBCStations**
  - **ndr**: NDR.de - Norddeutscher Rundfunk
  - **ndr:embed**
- - **ndr:embed:base**
+ - **ndr:​embed:base**
  - **NDTV**
- - **Nebula**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>watchnebula</em></abbr>]
- - **nebula:channel**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>watchnebula</em></abbr>]
- - **nebula:subscriptions**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>watchnebula</em></abbr>]
+ - **Nebula**: [*watchnebula*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **nebula:channel**: [*watchnebula*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **nebula:subscriptions**: [*watchnebula*](## "netrc machine")
  - **NerdCubedFeed**
  - **netease:album**: 网易云音乐 - 专辑
  - **netease:djradio**: 网易云音乐 - 电台
@@ -814,11 +866,12 @@
  - **netease:program**: 网易云音乐 - 电台节目
  - **netease:singer**: 网易云音乐 - 歌手
  - **netease:song**: 网易云音乐
- - **NetPlusTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>netplus</em></abbr>]
- - **NetPlusTVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>netplus</em></abbr>]
- - **NetPlusTVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>netplus</em></abbr>]
+ - **NetPlusTV**: [*netplus*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **NetPlusTVLive**: [*netplus*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **NetPlusTVRecordings**: [*netplus*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Netverse**
  - **NetversePlaylist**
+ - **NetverseSearch**: "netsearch:" prefix
  - **Netzkino**
  - **Newgrounds**
  - **Newgrounds:playlist**
@@ -833,8 +886,10 @@
  - **NexxEmbed**
  - **NFB**
  - **NFHSNetwork**
- - **nfl.com**: (**Currently broken**)
- - **nfl.com:article**: (**Currently broken**)
+ - **nfl.com**
+ - **nfl.com:article**
+ - **nfl.com:​plus:episode**
+ - **nfl.com:​plus:replay**
  - **NhkForSchoolBangumi**
  - **NhkForSchoolProgramList**
  - **NhkForSchoolSubject**: Portal page for each school subjects, like Japanese (kokugo, 国語) or math (sansuu/suugaku or 算数・数学)
@@ -846,25 +901,27 @@
  - **nickelodeon:br**
  - **nickelodeonru**
  - **nicknight**
- - **niconico**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>niconico</em></abbr>] ニコニコ動画
- - **niconico:history**: NicoNico user history. Requires cookies.
+ - **niconico**: [*niconico*](## "netrc machine") ニコニコ動画
+ - **niconico:history**: NicoNico user history or likes. Requires cookies.
  - **niconico:playlist**
  - **niconico:series**
  - **niconico:tag**: NicoNico video tag URLs
  - **NiconicoUser**
  - **nicovideo:search**: Nico video search; "nicosearch:" prefix
- - **nicovideo:search:date**: Nico video search, newest first; "nicosearchdate:" prefix
+ - **nicovideo:​search:date**: Nico video search, newest first; "nicosearchdate:" prefix
  - **nicovideo:search_url**: Nico video search URLs
  - **Nintendo**
  - **Nitter**
  - **njoy**: N-JOY
  - **njoy:embed**
- - **NJPWWorld**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>njpwworld</em></abbr>] 新日本プロレスワールド
+ - **NJPWWorld**: [*njpwworld*](## "netrc machine") 新日本プロレスワールド
  - **NobelPrize**
+ - **NoicePodcast**
  - **NonkTube**
  - **NoodleMagazine**
  - **Noovo**
  - **Normalboots**
+ - **NOSNLArticle**
  - **NosVideo**
  - **Nova**: TN.cz, Prásk.tv, Nova.cz, Novaplus.cz, FANDA.tv, Krásná.cz and Doma.cz
  - **NovaEmbed**
@@ -876,7 +933,7 @@
  - **npo**: npo.nl, ntr.nl, omroepwnl.nl, zapp.nl and npo3.nl
  - **npo.nl:live**
  - **npo.nl:radio**
- - **npo.nl:radio:fragment**
+ - **npo.nl:​radio:fragment**
  - **Npr**
  - **NRK**
  - **NRKPlaylist**
@@ -895,15 +952,20 @@
  - **NYTimesArticle**
  - **NYTimesCooking**
  - **nzherald**
+ - **NZOnScreen**
  - **NZZ**
  - **ocw.mit.edu**
  - **OdaTV**
  - **Odnoklassniki**
+ - **OfTV**
+ - **OfTVPlaylist**
  - **OktoberfestTV**
  - **OlympicsReplay**
  - **on24**: ON24
+ - **OnDemandChinaEpisode**
  - **OnDemandKorea**
  - **OneFootball**
+ - **OnePlacePodcast**
  - **onet.pl**
  - **onet.tv**
  - **onet.tv:channel**
@@ -917,15 +979,15 @@
  - **openrec:capture**
  - **openrec:movie**
  - **OraTV**
- - **orf:fm4:story**: fm4.orf.at stories
+ - **orf:​fm4:story**: fm4.orf.at stories
  - **orf:iptv**: iptv.ORF.at
  - **orf:radio**
  - **orf:tvthek**: ORF TVthek
- - **OsnatelTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>osnateltv</em></abbr>]
- - **OsnatelTVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>osnateltv</em></abbr>]
- - **OsnatelTVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>osnateltv</em></abbr>]
+ - **OsnatelTV**: [*osnateltv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **OsnatelTVLive**: [*osnateltv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **OsnatelTVRecordings**: [*osnateltv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **OutsideTV**
- - **PacktPub**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>packtpub</em></abbr>]
+ - **PacktPub**: [*packtpub*](## "netrc machine")
  - **PacktPubCourse**
  - **PalcoMP3:artist**
  - **PalcoMP3:song**
@@ -948,7 +1010,7 @@
  - **peer.tv**
  - **PeerTube**
  - **PeerTube:Playlist**
- - **peloton**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>peloton</em></abbr>]
+ - **peloton**: [*peloton*](## "netrc machine")
  - **peloton:live**: Peloton Live
  - **People**
  - **PerformGroup**
@@ -957,7 +1019,7 @@
  - **PhilharmonieDeParis**: Philharmonie de Paris
  - **phoenix.de**
  - **Photobucket**
- - **Piapro**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>piapro</em></abbr>]
+ - **Piapro**: [*piapro*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Picarto**
  - **PicartoVod**
  - **Piksel**
@@ -965,14 +1027,14 @@
  - **Pinterest**
  - **PinterestCollection**
  - **pixiv:sketch**
- - **pixiv:sketch:user**
+ - **pixiv:​sketch:user**
  - **Pladform**
  - **PlanetMarathi**
- - **Platzi**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>platzi</em></abbr>]
- - **PlatziCourse**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>platzi</em></abbr>]
+ - **Platzi**: [*platzi*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **PlatziCourse**: [*platzi*](## "netrc machine")
  - **play.fm**
  - **player.sky.it**
- - **PlayPlusTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>playplustv</em></abbr>]
+ - **PlayPlusTV**: [*playplustv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **PlayStuff**
  - **PlaysTV**
  - **PlaySuisse**
@@ -980,22 +1042,26 @@
  - **Playvid**
  - **PlayVids**
  - **Playwire**
- - **pluralsight**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>pluralsight</em></abbr>]
+ - **pluralsight**: [*pluralsight*](## "netrc machine")
  - **pluralsight:course**
  - **PlutoTV**
+ - **PodbayFM**
+ - **PodbayFMChannel**
  - **Podchaser**
  - **podomatic**
  - **Pokemon**
  - **PokemonWatch**
- - **PokerGo**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>pokergo</em></abbr>]
- - **PokerGoCollection**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>pokergo</em></abbr>]
+ - **PokerGo**: [*pokergo*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **PokerGoCollection**: [*pokergo*](## "netrc machine")
  - **PolsatGo**
  - **PolskieRadio**
+ - **polskieradio:audition**
+ - **polskieradio:category**
  - **polskieradio:kierowcow**
+ - **polskieradio:legacy**
  - **polskieradio:player**
  - **polskieradio:podcast**
- - **polskieradio:podcast:list**
- - **PolskieRadioCategory**
+ - **polskieradio:​podcast:list**
  - **Popcorntimes**
  - **PopcornTV**
  - **PornCom**
@@ -1003,15 +1069,19 @@
  - **Pornez**
  - **PornFlip**
  - **PornHd**
- - **PornHub**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>pornhub</em></abbr>] PornHub and Thumbzilla
- - **PornHubPagedVideoList**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>pornhub</em></abbr>]
- - **PornHubPlaylist**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>pornhub</em></abbr>]
- - **PornHubUser**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>pornhub</em></abbr>]
- - **PornHubUserVideosUpload**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>pornhub</em></abbr>]
+ - **PornHub**: [*pornhub*](## "netrc machine") PornHub and Thumbzilla
+ - **PornHubPagedVideoList**: [*pornhub*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **PornHubPlaylist**: [*pornhub*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **PornHubUser**: [*pornhub*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **PornHubUserVideosUpload**: [*pornhub*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Pornotube**
  - **PornoVoisines**
  - **PornoXO**
+ - **PornTop**
  - **PornTube**
+ - **Pr0gramm**
+ - **Pr0grammStatic**
+ - **PrankCast**
  - **PremiershipRugby**
  - **PressTV**
  - **ProjectVeritas**
@@ -1025,14 +1095,15 @@
  - **puhutv:serie**
  - **Puls4**
  - **Pyvideo**
+ - **QingTing**
  - **qqmusic**: QQ音乐
  - **qqmusic:album**: QQ音乐 - 专辑
  - **qqmusic:playlist**: QQ音乐 - 歌单
  - **qqmusic:singer**: QQ音乐 - 歌手
  - **qqmusic:toplist**: QQ音乐 - 排行榜
- - **QuantumTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>quantumtv</em></abbr>]
- - **QuantumTVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>quantumtv</em></abbr>]
- - **QuantumTVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>quantumtv</em></abbr>]
+ - **QuantumTV**: [*quantumtv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **QuantumTVLive**: [*quantumtv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **QuantumTVRecordings**: [*quantumtv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Qub**
  - **R7**
  - **R7Article**
@@ -1061,6 +1132,8 @@
  - **RaiSudtirol**
  - **RayWenderlich**
  - **RayWenderlichCourse**
+ - **RbgTum**
+ - **RbgTumCourse**
  - **RBMARadio**
  - **RCS**
  - **RCSEmbeds**
@@ -1087,15 +1160,16 @@
  - **RICE**
  - **RMCDecouverte**
  - **RockstarGames**
- - **Rokfin**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>rokfin</em></abbr>]
+ - **Rokfin**: [*rokfin*](## "netrc machine")
  - **rokfin:channel**: Rokfin Channels
  - **rokfin:search**: Rokfin Search; "rkfnsearch:" prefix
  - **rokfin:stack**: Rokfin Stacks
- - **RoosterTeeth**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>roosterteeth</em></abbr>]
- - **RoosterTeethSeries**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>roosterteeth</em></abbr>]
+ - **RoosterTeeth**: [*roosterteeth*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **RoosterTeethSeries**: [*roosterteeth*](## "netrc machine")
  - **RottenTomatoes**
  - **Rozhlas**
- - **RTBF**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>rtbf</em></abbr>]
+ - **RozhlasVltava**
+ - **RTBF**: [*rtbf*](## "netrc machine")
  - **RTDocumentry**
  - **RTDocumentryPlaylist**
  - **rte**: Raidió Teilifís Éireann TV
@@ -1105,7 +1179,7 @@
  - **rtl.nl**: rtl.nl and rtlxl.nl
  - **rtl2**
  - **rtl2:you**
- - **rtl2:you:series**
+ - **rtl2:​you:series**
  - **RTLLuLive**
  - **RTLLuRadio**
  - **RTNews**
@@ -1122,6 +1196,7 @@
  - **rtvslo.si**
  - **RUHD**
  - **Rule34Video**
+ - **Rumble**
  - **RumbleChannel**
  - **RumbleEmbed**
  - **Ruptly**
@@ -1136,30 +1211,33 @@
  - **Ruutu**
  - **Ruv**
  - **ruv.is:spila**
- - **safari**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>safari</em></abbr>] safaribooksonline.com online video
- - **safari:api**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>safari</em></abbr>]
- - **safari:course**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>safari</em></abbr>] safaribooksonline.com online courses
+ - **safari**: [*safari*](## "netrc machine") safaribooksonline.com online video
+ - **safari:api**: [*safari*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **safari:course**: [*safari*](## "netrc machine") safaribooksonline.com online courses
  - **Saitosan**
- - **SAKTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>saktv</em></abbr>]
- - **SAKTVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>saktv</em></abbr>]
- - **SAKTVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>saktv</em></abbr>]
- - **SaltTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>salttv</em></abbr>]
- - **SaltTVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>salttv</em></abbr>]
- - **SaltTVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>salttv</em></abbr>]
+ - **SAKTV**: [*saktv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **SAKTVLive**: [*saktv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **SAKTVRecordings**: [*saktv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **SaltTV**: [*salttv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **SaltTVLive**: [*salttv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **SaltTVRecordings**: [*salttv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **SampleFocus**
+ - **Sangiin**: 参議院インターネット審議中継 (archive)
  - **Sapo**: SAPO Vídeos
  - **savefrom.net**
  - **SBS**: sbs.com.au
  - **schooltv**
  - **ScienceChannel**
  - **screen.yahoo:search**: Yahoo screen search; "yvsearch:" prefix
+ - **Screen9**
  - **Screencast**
+ - **Screencastify**
  - **ScreencastOMatic**
  - **ScrippsNetworks**
  - **scrippsnetworks:watch**
  - **Scrolller**
- - **SCTE**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>scte</em></abbr>]
- - **SCTECourse**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>scte</em></abbr>]
+ - **SCTE**: [*scte*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **SCTECourse**: [*scte*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Seeker**
  - **SenateGov**
  - **SenateISVP**
@@ -1168,12 +1246,16 @@
  - **Sexu**
  - **SeznamZpravy**
  - **SeznamZpravyArticle**
- - **Shahid**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>shahid</em></abbr>]
+ - **Shahid**: [*shahid*](## "netrc machine")
  - **ShahidShow**
  - **Shared**: shared.sx
  - **ShareVideosEmbed**
  - **ShemarooMe**
  - **ShowRoomLive**
+ - **ShugiinItvLive**: 衆議院インターネット審議中継
+ - **ShugiinItvLiveRoom**: 衆議院インターネット審議中継 (中継)
+ - **ShugiinItvVod**: 衆議院インターネット審議中継 (ビデオライブラリ)
+ - **SibnetEmbed**
  - **simplecast**
  - **simplecast:episode**
  - **simplecast:podcast**
@@ -1181,10 +1263,9 @@
  - **Skeb**
  - **sky.it**
  - **sky:news**
- - **sky:news:story**
+ - **sky:​news:story**
  - **sky:sports**
- - **sky:sports:news**
- - **skyacademy.it**
+ - **sky:​sports:news**
  - **SkylineWebcams**
  - **skynewsarabia:article**
  - **skynewsarabia:video**
@@ -1192,17 +1273,19 @@
  - **Slideshare**
  - **SlidesLive**
  - **Slutload**
+ - **Smotrim**
  - **Snotr**
  - **Sohu**
- - **SonyLIV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>sonyliv</em></abbr>]
+ - **SonyLIV**: [*sonyliv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **SonyLIVSeries**
- - **soundcloud**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>soundcloud</em></abbr>]
- - **soundcloud:playlist**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>soundcloud</em></abbr>]
- - **soundcloud:related**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>soundcloud</em></abbr>]
- - **soundcloud:search**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>soundcloud</em></abbr>] Soundcloud search; "scsearch:" prefix
- - **soundcloud:set**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>soundcloud</em></abbr>]
- - **soundcloud:trackstation**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>soundcloud</em></abbr>]
- - **soundcloud:user**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>soundcloud</em></abbr>]
+ - **soundcloud**: [*soundcloud*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **soundcloud:playlist**: [*soundcloud*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **soundcloud:related**: [*soundcloud*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **soundcloud:search**: [*soundcloud*](## "netrc machine") Soundcloud search; "scsearch:" prefix
+ - **soundcloud:set**: [*soundcloud*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **soundcloud:trackstation**: [*soundcloud*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **soundcloud:user**: [*soundcloud*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **soundcloud:​user:permalink**: [*soundcloud*](## "netrc machine")
  - **SoundcloudEmbed**
  - **soundgasm**
  - **soundgasm:profile**
@@ -1221,8 +1304,8 @@
  - **Sport5**
  - **SportBox**
  - **SportDeutschland**
- - **spotify**: Spotify episodes
- - **spotify:show**: Spotify shows
+ - **spotify**: Spotify episodes (**Currently broken**)
+ - **spotify:show**: Spotify shows (**Currently broken**)
  - **Spreaker**
  - **SpreakerPage**
  - **SpreakerShow**
@@ -1259,6 +1342,7 @@
  - **SVTPage**
  - **SVTPlay**: SVT Play and Öppet arkiv
  - **SVTSeries**
+ - **SwearnetEpisode**
  - **SWRMediathek**
  - **Syfy**
  - **SYVDK**
@@ -1268,13 +1352,13 @@
  - **Tass**
  - **TBS**
  - **TDSLifeway**
- - **Teachable**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>teachable</em></abbr>]
- - **TeachableCourse**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>teachable</em></abbr>]
+ - **Teachable**: [*teachable*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **TeachableCourse**: [*teachable*](## "netrc machine")
  - **teachertube**: teachertube.com videos
- - **teachertube:user:collection**: teachertube.com user and collection videos
+ - **teachertube:​user:collection**: teachertube.com user and collection videos
  - **TeachingChannel**
  - **Teamcoco**
- - **TeamTreeHouse**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>teamtreehouse</em></abbr>]
+ - **TeamTreeHouse**: [*teamtreehouse*](## "netrc machine")
  - **TechTalks**
  - **techtv.mit.edu**
  - **TedEmbed**
@@ -1284,6 +1368,7 @@
  - **Tele13**
  - **Tele5**
  - **TeleBruxelles**
+ - **TelecaribePlay**
  - **Telecinco**: telecinco.es, cuatro.com and mediaset.es
  - **Telegraaf**
  - **telegram:embed**
@@ -1297,8 +1382,8 @@
  - **TeleTask**
  - **Telewebion**
  - **Tempo**
- - **TennisTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>tennistv</em></abbr>]
- - **TenPlay**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>10play</em></abbr>]
+ - **TennisTV**: [*tennistv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **TenPlay**: [*10play*](## "netrc machine")
  - **TF1**
  - **TFO**
  - **TheHoleTv**
@@ -1313,13 +1398,17 @@
  - **ThisAmericanLife**
  - **ThisAV**
  - **ThisOldHouse**
+ - **ThisVid**
+ - **ThisVidMember**
+ - **ThisVidPlaylist**
  - **ThreeSpeak**
  - **ThreeSpeakUser**
  - **TikTok**
- - **tiktok:effect**
- - **tiktok:sound**
- - **tiktok:tag**
- - **tiktok:user**
+ - **tiktok:effect**: (**Currently broken**)
+ - **tiktok:live**
+ - **tiktok:sound**: (**Currently broken**)
+ - **tiktok:tag**: (**Currently broken**)
+ - **tiktok:user**: (**Currently broken**)
  - **tinypic**: tinypic.com videos
  - **TLC**
  - **TMZ**
@@ -1329,33 +1418,35 @@
  - **toggo**
  - **Tokentube**
  - **Tokentube:channel**
+ - **tokfm:audition**
+ - **tokfm:podcast**
  - **ToonGoggles**
- - **tou.tv**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>toutv</em></abbr>]
+ - **tou.tv**: [*toutv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Toypics**: Toypics video
  - **ToypicsUser**: Toypics user profile
  - **TrailerAddict**: (**Currently broken**)
  - **TravelChannel**
- - **Triller**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>triller</em></abbr>]
- - **TrillerUser**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>triller</em></abbr>]
+ - **Triller**: [*triller*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **TrillerUser**: [*triller*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Trilulilu**
  - **Trovo**
  - **TrovoChannelClip**: All Clips of a trovo.live channel; "trovoclip:" prefix
  - **TrovoChannelVod**: All VODs of a trovo.live channel; "trovovod:" prefix
  - **TrovoVod**
+ - **TrtCocukVideo**
  - **TrueID**
  - **TruNews**
  - **Truth**
  - **TruTV**
  - **Tube8**
- - **TubeTuGraz**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>tubetugraz</em></abbr>] tube.tugraz.at
- - **TubeTuGrazSeries**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>tubetugraz</em></abbr>]
- - **TubiTv**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>tubitv</em></abbr>]
+ - **TubeTuGraz**: [*tubetugraz*](## "netrc machine") tube.tugraz.at
+ - **TubeTuGrazSeries**: [*tubetugraz*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **TubiTv**: [*tubitv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **TubiTvShow**
- - **Tumblr**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>tumblr</em></abbr>]
- - **tunein:clip**
- - **tunein:program**
- - **tunein:station**
- - **tunein:topic**
+ - **Tumblr**: [*tumblr*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **TuneInPodcast**
+ - **TuneInPodcastEpisode**
+ - **TuneInStation**
  - **TunePk**
  - **Turbo**
  - **tv.dfb.de**
@@ -1392,36 +1483,40 @@
  - **tvopengr:watch**: tvopen.gr (and ethnos.gr) videos
  - **tvp**: Telewizja Polska
  - **tvp:embed**: Telewizja Polska
- - **tvp:series**
  - **tvp:stream**
+ - **tvp:vod**
+ - **tvp:​vod:series**
  - **TVPlayer**
  - **TVPlayHome**
  - **Tweakers**
  - **TwitCasting**
  - **TwitCastingLive**
  - **TwitCastingUser**
- - **twitch:clips**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>twitch</em></abbr>]
- - **twitch:stream**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>twitch</em></abbr>]
- - **twitch:vod**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>twitch</em></abbr>]
- - **TwitchCollection**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>twitch</em></abbr>]
- - **TwitchVideos**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>twitch</em></abbr>]
- - **TwitchVideosClips**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>twitch</em></abbr>]
- - **TwitchVideosCollections**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>twitch</em></abbr>]
+ - **twitch:clips**: [*twitch*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **twitch:stream**: [*twitch*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **twitch:vod**: [*twitch*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **TwitchCollection**: [*twitch*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **TwitchVideos**: [*twitch*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **TwitchVideosClips**: [*twitch*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **TwitchVideosCollections**: [*twitch*](## "netrc machine")
  - **twitter**
  - **twitter:amplify**
  - **twitter:broadcast**
  - **twitter:card**
  - **twitter:shortener**
- - **udemy**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>udemy</em></abbr>]
- - **udemy:course**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>udemy</em></abbr>]
+ - **twitter:spaces**
+ - **Txxx**
+ - **udemy**: [*udemy*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **udemy:course**: [*udemy*](## "netrc machine")
  - **UDNEmbed**: 聯合影音
- - **UFCArabia**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>ufcarabia</em></abbr>]
- - **UFCTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>ufctv</em></abbr>]
+ - **UFCArabia**: [*ufcarabia*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **UFCTV**: [*ufctv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **ukcolumn**
  - **UKTVPlay**
  - **umg:de**: Universal Music Deutschland
  - **Unistra**
  - **Unity**
+ - **UnscriptedNewsVideo**
  - **uol.com.br**
  - **uplynk**
  - **uplynk:preplay**
@@ -1439,12 +1534,13 @@
  - **VeeHD**
  - **Veo**
  - **Veoh**
+ - **veoh:user**
  - **Vesti**: Вести.Ru
  - **Vevo**
  - **VevoPlaylist**
  - **VGTV**: VGTV, BTTV, FTV, Aftenposten and Aftonbladet
  - **vh1.com**
- - **vhx:embed**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vimeo</em></abbr>]
+ - **vhx:embed**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine")
  - **Viafree**
  - **vice**
  - **vice:article**
@@ -1458,30 +1554,34 @@
  - **video.sky.it:live**
  - **VideoDetective**
  - **videofy.me**
+ - **VideoKen**
+ - **VideoKenCategory**
+ - **VideoKenPlayer**
+ - **VideoKenPlaylist**
+ - **VideoKenTopic**
  - **videomore**
  - **videomore:season**
  - **videomore:video**
  - **VideoPress**
- - **Vidio**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vidio</em></abbr>]
- - **VidioLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vidio</em></abbr>]
- - **VidioPremier**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vidio</em></abbr>]
+ - **Vidio**: [*vidio*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **VidioLive**: [*vidio*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **VidioPremier**: [*vidio*](## "netrc machine")
  - **VidLii**
- - **vier**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vier</em></abbr>] vier.be and vijf.be
- - **vier:videos**
  - **viewlift**
  - **viewlift:embed**
  - **Viidea**
- - **viki**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>viki</em></abbr>]
- - **viki:channel**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>viki</em></abbr>]
- - **vimeo**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vimeo</em></abbr>]
- - **vimeo:album**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vimeo</em></abbr>]
- - **vimeo:channel**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vimeo</em></abbr>]
- - **vimeo:group**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vimeo</em></abbr>]
- - **vimeo:likes**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vimeo</em></abbr>] Vimeo user likes
- - **vimeo:ondemand**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vimeo</em></abbr>]
- - **vimeo:review**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vimeo</em></abbr>] Review pages on vimeo
- - **vimeo:user**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vimeo</em></abbr>]
- - **vimeo:watchlater**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vimeo</em></abbr>] Vimeo watch later list, ":vimeowatchlater" keyword (requires authentication)
+ - **viki**: [*viki*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **viki:channel**: [*viki*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **vimeo**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **vimeo:album**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **vimeo:channel**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **vimeo:group**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **vimeo:likes**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine") Vimeo user likes
+ - **vimeo:ondemand**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **vimeo:pro**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **vimeo:review**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine") Review pages on vimeo
+ - **vimeo:user**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **vimeo:watchlater**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine") Vimeo watch later list, ":vimeowatchlater" keyword (requires authentication)
  - **Vimm:recording**
  - **Vimm:stream**
  - **ViMP**
@@ -1491,22 +1591,22 @@
  - **vine:user**
  - **Viqeo**
  - **Viu**
- - **viu:ott**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>viu</em></abbr>]
+ - **viu:ott**: [*viu*](## "netrc machine")
  - **viu:playlist**
+ - **ViuOTTIndonesia**
  - **Vivo**: vivo.sx
- - **vk**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vk</em></abbr>] VK
- - **vk:uservideos**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vk</em></abbr>] VK - User's Videos
- - **vk:wallpost**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vk</em></abbr>]
- - **vlive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vlive</em></abbr>]
- - **vlive:channel**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vlive</em></abbr>]
- - **vlive:post**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vlive</em></abbr>]
+ - **vk**: [*vk*](## "netrc machine") VK
+ - **vk:uservideos**: [*vk*](## "netrc machine") VK - User's Videos
+ - **vk:wallpost**: [*vk*](## "netrc machine")
  - **vm.tiktok**
+ - **Vocaroo**
  - **Vodlocker**
  - **VODPl**
  - **VODPlatform**
  - **VoiceRepublic**
  - **voicy**
  - **voicy:channel**
+ - **VolejTV**
  - **Voot**
  - **VootSeries**
  - **VoxMedia**
@@ -1516,14 +1616,14 @@
  - **vqq:video**
  - **Vrak**
  - **VRT**: VRT NWS, Flanders News, Flandern Info and Sporza
- - **VrtNU**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vrtnu</em></abbr>] VrtNU.be
- - **vrv**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vrv</em></abbr>]
+ - **VrtNU**: [*vrtnu*](## "netrc machine") VrtNU.be
+ - **vrv**: [*vrv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **vrv:series**
  - **VShare**
  - **VTM**
- - **VTXTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vtxtv</em></abbr>]
- - **VTXTVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vtxtv</em></abbr>]
- - **VTXTVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>vtxtv</em></abbr>]
+ - **VTXTV**: [*vtxtv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **VTXTVLive**: [*vtxtv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **VTXTVRecordings**: [*vtxtv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **VuClip**
  - **Vupload**
  - **VVVVID**
@@ -1532,9 +1632,9 @@
  - **Vzaar**
  - **Wakanim**
  - **Walla**
- - **WalyTV**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>walytv</em></abbr>]
- - **WalyTVLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>walytv</em></abbr>]
- - **WalyTVRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>walytv</em></abbr>]
+ - **WalyTV**: [*walytv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **WalyTVLive**: [*walytv*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **WalyTVRecordings**: [*walytv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **wasdtv:clip**
  - **wasdtv:record**
  - **wasdtv:stream**
@@ -1548,7 +1648,9 @@
  - **wdr:mobile**: (**Currently broken**)
  - **WDRElefant**
  - **WDRPage**
+ - **web.archive:vlive**: web.archive.org saved vlive videos
  - **web.archive:youtube**: web.archive.org saved youtube videos, "ytarchive:" prefix
+ - **Webcamerapl**
  - **Webcaster**
  - **WebcasterFeed**
  - **WebOfStories**
@@ -1562,25 +1664,30 @@
  - **wikimedia.org**
  - **Willow**
  - **WimTV**
+ - **WinSportsVideo**
  - **Wistia**
+ - **WistiaChannel**
  - **WistiaPlaylist**
  - **wnl**: npo.nl, ntr.nl, omroepwnl.nl, zapp.nl and npo3.nl
+ - **wordpress:mb.miniAudioPlayer**
+ - **wordpress:playlist**
  - **WorldStarHipHop**
  - **wppilot**
  - **wppilot:channels**
+ - **WrestleUniversePPV**
+ - **WrestleUniverseVOD**
  - **WSJ**: Wall Street Journal
  - **WSJArticle**
  - **WWE**
+ - **wyborcza:video**
+ - **WyborczaPodcast**
+ - **Xanimu**
  - **XBef**
  - **XboxClips**
  - **XFileShare**: XFileShare based sites: Aparat, ClipWatching, GoUnlimited, GoVid, HolaVid, Streamty, TheVideoBee, Uqload, VidBom, vidlo, VidLocker, VidShare, VUp, WolfStream, XVideoSharing
  - **XHamster**
  - **XHamsterEmbed**
  - **XHamsterUser**
- - **xiami:album**: 虾米音乐 - 专辑
- - **xiami:artist**: 虾米音乐 - 歌手
- - **xiami:collection**: 虾米音乐 - 精选集
- - **xiami:song**: 虾米音乐
  - **ximalaya**: 喜马拉雅FM
  - **ximalaya:album**: 喜马拉雅FM 专辑
  - **xinpianchang**: xinpianchang.com
@@ -1591,22 +1698,25 @@
  - **XTubeUser**: XTube user profile
  - **Xuite**: 隨意窩Xuite影音
  - **XVideos**
+ - **xvideos:quickies**
  - **XXXYMovies**
  - **Yahoo**: Yahoo screen and movies
  - **yahoo:gyao**
- - **yahoo:gyao:player**
+ - **yahoo:​gyao:player**
  - **yahoo:japannews**: Yahoo! Japan News
  - **YandexDisk**
  - **yandexmusic:album**: Яндекс.Музыка - Альбом
- - **yandexmusic:artist:albums**: Яндекс.Музыка - Артист - Альбомы
- - **yandexmusic:artist:tracks**: Яндекс.Музыка - Артист - Треки
+ - **yandexmusic:​artist:albums**: Яндекс.Музыка - Артист - Альбомы
+ - **yandexmusic:​artist:tracks**: Яндекс.Музыка - Артист - Треки
  - **yandexmusic:playlist**: Яндекс.Музыка - Плейлист
  - **yandexmusic:track**: Яндекс.Музыка - Трек
  - **YandexVideo**
  - **YandexVideoPreview**
  - **YapFiles**
+ - **Yappy**
  - **YesJapan**
  - **yinyuetai:video**: 音悦Tai
+ - **YleAreena**
  - **Ynet**
  - **YouJizz**
  - **youku**: 优酷
@@ -1621,13 +1731,14 @@
  - **youtube:clip**
  - **youtube:favorites**: YouTube liked videos; ":ytfav" keyword (requires cookies)
  - **youtube:history**: Youtube watch history; ":ythis" keyword (requires cookies)
- - **youtube:music:search_url**: YouTube music search URLs with selectable sections, e.g. #songs
+ - **youtube:​music:search_url**: YouTube music search URLs with selectable sections, e.g. #songs
  - **youtube:notif**: YouTube notifications; ":ytnotif" keyword (requires cookies)
  - **youtube:playlist**: YouTube playlists
  - **youtube:recommended**: YouTube recommended videos; ":ytrec" keyword
  - **youtube:search**: YouTube search; "ytsearch:" prefix
- - **youtube:search:date**: YouTube search, newest videos first; "ytsearchdate:" prefix
+ - **youtube:​search:date**: YouTube search, newest videos first; "ytsearchdate:" prefix
  - **youtube:search_url**: YouTube search URLs with sorting and filter support
+ - **youtube:​shorts:pivot:audio**: YouTube Shorts audio pivot (Shorts using audio of a given video)
  - **youtube:stories**: YouTube channel stories; "ytstories:" prefix
  - **youtube:subscriptions**: YouTube subscriptions feed; ":ytsubs" keyword (requires cookies)
  - **youtube:tab**: YouTube Tabs
@@ -1636,14 +1747,15 @@
  - **YoutubeLivestreamEmbed**: YouTube livestream embeds
  - **YoutubeYtBe**: youtu.be
  - **Zapiks**
- - **Zattoo**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>zattoo</em></abbr>]
- - **ZattooLive**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>zattoo</em></abbr>]
- - **ZattooMovies**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>zattoo</em></abbr>]
- - **ZattooRecordings**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>zattoo</em></abbr>]
+ - **Zattoo**: [*zattoo*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **ZattooLive**: [*zattoo*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **ZattooMovies**: [*zattoo*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **ZattooRecordings**: [*zattoo*](## "netrc machine")
  - **ZDF**
  - **ZDFChannel**
- - **Zee5**: [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>zee5</em></abbr>]
+ - **Zee5**: [*zee5*](## "netrc machine")
  - **zee5:series**
+ - **ZeeNews**
  - **ZenYandex**
  - **ZenYandexChannel**
  - **Zhihu**
diff --git a/test/helper.py b/test/helper.py
index e918d8c469..0b90660ff6 100644
--- a/test/helper.py
+++ b/test/helper.py
@@ -222,6 +222,10 @@ def sanitize_got_info_dict(got_dict):
     if test_info_dict.get('display_id') == test_info_dict.get('id'):
         test_info_dict.pop('display_id')
 
+    # Check url for flat entries
+    if got_dict.get('_type', 'video') != 'video' and got_dict.get('url'):
+        test_info_dict['url'] = got_dict['url']
+
     return test_info_dict
 
 
@@ -235,8 +239,9 @@ def expect_info_dict(self, got_dict, expected_dict):
         for key in mandatory_fields:
             self.assertTrue(got_dict.get(key), 'Missing mandatory field %s' % key)
     # Check for mandatory fields that are automatically set by YoutubeDL
-    for key in ['webpage_url', 'extractor', 'extractor_key']:
-        self.assertTrue(got_dict.get(key), 'Missing field: %s' % key)
+    if got_dict.get('_type', 'video') == 'video':
+        for key in ['webpage_url', 'extractor', 'extractor_key']:
+            self.assertTrue(got_dict.get(key), 'Missing field: %s' % key)
 
     test_info_dict = sanitize_got_info_dict(got_dict)
 
@@ -249,19 +254,16 @@ def expect_info_dict(self, got_dict, expected_dict):
                 return v.__name__
             else:
                 return repr(v)
-        info_dict_str = ''
-        if len(missing_keys) != len(expected_dict):
-            info_dict_str += ''.join(
-                f'    {_repr(k)}: {_repr(v)},\n'
-                for k, v in test_info_dict.items() if k not in missing_keys)
-
-            if info_dict_str:
-                info_dict_str += '\n'
+        info_dict_str = ''.join(
+            f'    {_repr(k)}: {_repr(v)},\n'
+            for k, v in test_info_dict.items() if k not in missing_keys)
+        if info_dict_str:
+            info_dict_str += '\n'
         info_dict_str += ''.join(
             f'    {_repr(k)}: {_repr(test_info_dict[k])},\n'
             for k in missing_keys)
-        write_string(
-            '\n\'info_dict\': {\n' + info_dict_str + '},\n', out=sys.stderr)
+        info_dict_str = '\n\'info_dict\': {\n' + info_dict_str + '},\n'
+        write_string(info_dict_str.replace('\n', '\n        '), out=sys.stderr)
         self.assertFalse(
             missing_keys,
             'Missing keys in test definition: %s' % (
diff --git a/test/parameters.json b/test/parameters.json
index bc45613741..8789ce14b3 100644
--- a/test/parameters.json
+++ b/test/parameters.json
@@ -44,5 +44,6 @@
     "writesubtitles": false,
     "allsubtitles": false,
     "listsubtitles": false,
-    "fixup": "never"
+    "fixup": "never",
+    "allow_playlist_files": false
 }
diff --git a/test/test_InfoExtractor.py b/test/test_InfoExtractor.py
index f57a29ffc7..e8d94a6ac2 100644
--- a/test/test_InfoExtractor.py
+++ b/test/test_InfoExtractor.py
@@ -41,7 +41,9 @@ class InfoExtractorTestRequestHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
 
 
 class DummyIE(InfoExtractor):
-    pass
+    def _sort_formats(self, formats, field_preference=[]):
+        self._downloader.sort_formats(
+            {'formats': formats, '_format_sort_fields': field_preference})
 
 
 class TestInfoExtractor(unittest.TestCase):
@@ -67,6 +69,7 @@ class TestInfoExtractor(unittest.TestCase):
             <meta name="og:test1" content='foo > < bar'/>
             <meta name="og:test2" content="foo >//< bar"/>
             <meta property=og-test3 content='Ill-formatted opengraph'/>
+            <meta property=og:test4 content=unquoted-value/>
             '''
         self.assertEqual(ie._og_search_title(html), 'Foo')
         self.assertEqual(ie._og_search_description(html), 'Some video\'s description ')
@@ -79,6 +82,7 @@ class TestInfoExtractor(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(ie._og_search_property(('test0', 'test1'), html), 'foo > < bar')
         self.assertRaises(RegexNotFoundError, ie._og_search_property, 'test0', html, None, fatal=True)
         self.assertRaises(RegexNotFoundError, ie._og_search_property, ('test0', 'test00'), html, None, fatal=True)
+        self.assertEqual(ie._og_search_property('test4', html), 'unquoted-value')
 
     def test_html_search_meta(self):
         ie = self.ie
@@ -1567,6 +1571,292 @@ jwplayer("mediaplayer").setup({"abouttext":"Visit Indie DB","aboutlink":"http:\/
                     ]
                 },
             ),
+            (
+                'ec-3_test',
+                'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                [{
+                    'format_id': 'audio_deu_1-224',
+                    'url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'manifest_url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'ext': 'isma',
+                    'tbr': 224,
+                    'asr': 48000,
+                    'vcodec': 'none',
+                    'acodec': 'EC-3',
+                    'protocol': 'ism',
+                    '_download_params':
+                    {
+                        'stream_type': 'audio',
+                        'duration': 370000000,
+                        'timescale': 10000000,
+                        'width': 0,
+                        'height': 0,
+                        'fourcc': 'EC-3',
+                        'language': 'deu',
+                        'codec_private_data': '00063F000000AF87FBA7022DFB42A4D405CD93843BDD0700200F00',
+                        'sampling_rate': 48000,
+                        'channels': 6,
+                        'bits_per_sample': 16,
+                        'nal_unit_length_field': 4
+                    },
+                    'audio_ext': 'isma',
+                    'video_ext': 'none',
+                    'abr': 224,
+                }, {
+                    'format_id': 'audio_deu-127',
+                    'url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'manifest_url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'ext': 'isma',
+                    'tbr': 127,
+                    'asr': 48000,
+                    'vcodec': 'none',
+                    'acodec': 'AACL',
+                    'protocol': 'ism',
+                    '_download_params':
+                    {
+                        'stream_type': 'audio',
+                        'duration': 370000000,
+                        'timescale': 10000000,
+                        'width': 0,
+                        'height': 0,
+                        'fourcc': 'AACL',
+                        'language': 'deu',
+                        'codec_private_data': '1190',
+                        'sampling_rate': 48000,
+                        'channels': 2,
+                        'bits_per_sample': 16,
+                        'nal_unit_length_field': 4
+                    },
+                    'audio_ext': 'isma',
+                    'video_ext': 'none',
+                    'abr': 127,
+                }, {
+                    'format_id': 'video_deu-23',
+                    'url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'manifest_url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'ext': 'ismv',
+                    'width': 384,
+                    'height': 216,
+                    'tbr': 23,
+                    'vcodec': 'AVC1',
+                    'acodec': 'none',
+                    'protocol': 'ism',
+                    '_download_params':
+                    {
+                        'stream_type': 'video',
+                        'duration': 370000000,
+                        'timescale': 10000000,
+                        'width': 384,
+                        'height': 216,
+                        'fourcc': 'AVC1',
+                        'language': 'deu',
+                        'codec_private_data': '000000016742C00CDB06077E5C05A808080A00000300020000030009C0C02EE0177CC6300F142AE00000000168CA8DC8',
+                        'channels': 2,
+                        'bits_per_sample': 16,
+                        'nal_unit_length_field': 4
+                    },
+                    'video_ext': 'ismv',
+                    'audio_ext': 'none',
+                    'vbr': 23,
+                }, {
+                    'format_id': 'video_deu-403',
+                    'url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'manifest_url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'ext': 'ismv',
+                    'width': 400,
+                    'height': 224,
+                    'tbr': 403,
+                    'vcodec': 'AVC1',
+                    'acodec': 'none',
+                    'protocol': 'ism',
+                    '_download_params':
+                    {
+                        'stream_type': 'video',
+                        'duration': 370000000,
+                        'timescale': 10000000,
+                        'width': 400,
+                        'height': 224,
+                        'fourcc': 'AVC1',
+                        'language': 'deu',
+                        'codec_private_data': '00000001674D4014E98323B602D4040405000003000100000300320F1429380000000168EAECF2',
+                        'channels': 2,
+                        'bits_per_sample': 16,
+                        'nal_unit_length_field': 4
+                    },
+                    'video_ext': 'ismv',
+                    'audio_ext': 'none',
+                    'vbr': 403,
+                }, {
+                    'format_id': 'video_deu-680',
+                    'url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'manifest_url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'ext': 'ismv',
+                    'width': 640,
+                    'height': 360,
+                    'tbr': 680,
+                    'vcodec': 'AVC1',
+                    'acodec': 'none',
+                    'protocol': 'ism',
+                    '_download_params':
+                    {
+                        'stream_type': 'video',
+                        'duration': 370000000,
+                        'timescale': 10000000,
+                        'width': 640,
+                        'height': 360,
+                        'fourcc': 'AVC1',
+                        'language': 'deu',
+                        'codec_private_data': '00000001674D401EE981405FF2E02D4040405000000300100000030320F162D3800000000168EAECF2',
+                        'channels': 2,
+                        'bits_per_sample': 16,
+                        'nal_unit_length_field': 4
+                    },
+                    'video_ext': 'ismv',
+                    'audio_ext': 'none',
+                    'vbr': 680,
+                }, {
+                    'format_id': 'video_deu-1253',
+                    'url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'manifest_url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'ext': 'ismv',
+                    'width': 640,
+                    'height': 360,
+                    'tbr': 1253,
+                    'vcodec': 'AVC1',
+                    'acodec': 'none',
+                    'protocol': 'ism',
+                    '_download_params':
+                    {
+                        'stream_type': 'video',
+                        'duration': 370000000,
+                        'timescale': 10000000,
+                        'width': 640,
+                        'height': 360,
+                        'fourcc': 'AVC1',
+                        'language': 'deu',
+                        'codec_private_data': '00000001674D401EE981405FF2E02D4040405000000300100000030320F162D3800000000168EAECF2',
+                        'channels': 2,
+                        'bits_per_sample': 16,
+                        'nal_unit_length_field': 4
+                    },
+                    'video_ext': 'ismv',
+                    'audio_ext': 'none',
+                    'vbr': 1253,
+                }, {
+                    'format_id': 'video_deu-2121',
+                    'url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'manifest_url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'ext': 'ismv',
+                    'width': 768,
+                    'height': 432,
+                    'tbr': 2121,
+                    'vcodec': 'AVC1',
+                    'acodec': 'none',
+                    'protocol': 'ism',
+                    '_download_params':
+                    {
+                        'stream_type': 'video',
+                        'duration': 370000000,
+                        'timescale': 10000000,
+                        'width': 768,
+                        'height': 432,
+                        'fourcc': 'AVC1',
+                        'language': 'deu',
+                        'codec_private_data': '00000001674D401EECA0601BD80B50101014000003000400000300C83C58B6580000000168E93B3C80',
+                        'channels': 2,
+                        'bits_per_sample': 16,
+                        'nal_unit_length_field': 4
+                    },
+                    'video_ext': 'ismv',
+                    'audio_ext': 'none',
+                    'vbr': 2121,
+                }, {
+                    'format_id': 'video_deu-3275',
+                    'url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'manifest_url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'ext': 'ismv',
+                    'width': 1280,
+                    'height': 720,
+                    'tbr': 3275,
+                    'vcodec': 'AVC1',
+                    'acodec': 'none',
+                    'protocol': 'ism',
+                    '_download_params':
+                    {
+                        'stream_type': 'video',
+                        'duration': 370000000,
+                        'timescale': 10000000,
+                        'width': 1280,
+                        'height': 720,
+                        'fourcc': 'AVC1',
+                        'language': 'deu',
+                        'codec_private_data': '00000001674D4020ECA02802DD80B501010140000003004000000C83C60C65800000000168E93B3C80',
+                        'channels': 2,
+                        'bits_per_sample': 16,
+                        'nal_unit_length_field': 4
+                    },
+                    'video_ext': 'ismv',
+                    'audio_ext': 'none',
+                    'vbr': 3275,
+                }, {
+                    'format_id': 'video_deu-5300',
+                    'url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'manifest_url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'ext': 'ismv',
+                    'width': 1920,
+                    'height': 1080,
+                    'tbr': 5300,
+                    'vcodec': 'AVC1',
+                    'acodec': 'none',
+                    'protocol': 'ism',
+                    '_download_params':
+                    {
+                        'stream_type': 'video',
+                        'duration': 370000000,
+                        'timescale': 10000000,
+                        'width': 1920,
+                        'height': 1080,
+                        'fourcc': 'AVC1',
+                        'language': 'deu',
+                        'codec_private_data': '00000001674D4028ECA03C0113F2E02D4040405000000300100000030320F18319600000000168E93B3C80',
+                        'channels': 2,
+                        'bits_per_sample': 16,
+                        'nal_unit_length_field': 4
+                    },
+                    'video_ext': 'ismv',
+                    'audio_ext': 'none',
+                    'vbr': 5300,
+                }, {
+                    'format_id': 'video_deu-8079',
+                    'url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'manifest_url': 'https://smstr01.dmm.t-online.de/smooth24/smoothstream_m1/streaming/sony/9221438342941275747/636887760842957027/25_km_h-Trailer-9221571562372022953_deu_20_1300k_HD_H_264_ISMV.ism/Manifest',
+                    'ext': 'ismv',
+                    'width': 1920,
+                    'height': 1080,
+                    'tbr': 8079,
+                    'vcodec': 'AVC1',
+                    'acodec': 'none',
+                    'protocol': 'ism',
+                    '_download_params':
+                    {
+                        'stream_type': 'video',
+                        'duration': 370000000,
+                        'timescale': 10000000,
+                        'width': 1920,
+                        'height': 1080,
+                        'fourcc': 'AVC1',
+                        'language': 'deu',
+                        'codec_private_data': '00000001674D4028ECA03C0113F2E02D4040405000000300100000030320F18319600000000168E93B3C80',
+                        'channels': 2,
+                        'bits_per_sample': 16,
+                        'nal_unit_length_field': 4
+                    },
+                    'video_ext': 'ismv',
+                    'audio_ext': 'none',
+                    'vbr': 8079,
+                }],
+                {},
+            ),
         ]
 
         for ism_file, ism_url, expected_formats, expected_subtitles in _TEST_CASES:
diff --git a/test/test_YoutubeDL.py b/test/test_YoutubeDL.py
index 60e4571084..8da1e5e4b2 100644
--- a/test/test_YoutubeDL.py
+++ b/test/test_YoutubeDL.py
@@ -68,8 +68,7 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
             {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 460, 'url': TEST_URL},
         ]
         info_dict = _make_result(formats)
-        yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
         downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded['ext'], 'webm')
@@ -82,8 +81,7 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
             {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'url': TEST_URL},
         ]
         info_dict['formats'] = formats
-        yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
         downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded['ext'], 'mp4')
@@ -97,8 +95,7 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
             {'ext': 'flv', 'height': 720, 'url': TEST_URL},
         ]
         info_dict['formats'] = formats
-        yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
         downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded['ext'], 'mp4')
@@ -110,15 +107,14 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
             {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'url': TEST_URL},
         ]
         info_dict['formats'] = formats
-        yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
         downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded['ext'], 'webm')
 
     def test_format_selection(self):
         formats = [
-            {'format_id': '35', 'ext': 'mp4', 'preference': 1, 'url': TEST_URL},
+            {'format_id': '35', 'ext': 'mp4', 'preference': 0, 'url': TEST_URL},
             {'format_id': 'example-with-dashes', 'ext': 'webm', 'preference': 1, 'url': TEST_URL},
             {'format_id': '45', 'ext': 'webm', 'preference': 2, 'url': TEST_URL},
             {'format_id': '47', 'ext': 'webm', 'preference': 3, 'url': TEST_URL},
@@ -186,22 +182,19 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
 
         info_dict = _make_result(formats)
         ydl = YDL({'format': 'best'})
-        ie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        ie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(copy.deepcopy(info_dict))
         downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], 'aac-64')
 
         ydl = YDL({'format': 'mp3'})
-        ie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        ie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(copy.deepcopy(info_dict))
         downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], 'mp3-64')
 
         ydl = YDL({'prefer_free_formats': True})
-        ie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        ie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(copy.deepcopy(info_dict))
         downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], 'ogg-64')
@@ -346,8 +339,7 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
 
         info_dict = _make_result(list(formats_order), extractor='youtube')
         ydl = YDL({'format': 'bestvideo+bestaudio'})
-        yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
         downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], '248+172')
@@ -355,40 +347,35 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
 
         info_dict = _make_result(list(formats_order), extractor='youtube')
         ydl = YDL({'format': 'bestvideo[height>=999999]+bestaudio/best'})
-        yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
         downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], '38')
 
         info_dict = _make_result(list(formats_order), extractor='youtube')
         ydl = YDL({'format': 'bestvideo/best,bestaudio'})
-        yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
         downloaded_ids = [info['format_id'] for info in ydl.downloaded_info_dicts]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded_ids, ['137', '141'])
 
         info_dict = _make_result(list(formats_order), extractor='youtube')
         ydl = YDL({'format': '(bestvideo[ext=mp4],bestvideo[ext=webm])+bestaudio'})
-        yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
         downloaded_ids = [info['format_id'] for info in ydl.downloaded_info_dicts]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded_ids, ['137+141', '248+141'])
 
         info_dict = _make_result(list(formats_order), extractor='youtube')
         ydl = YDL({'format': '(bestvideo[ext=mp4],bestvideo[ext=webm])[height<=720]+bestaudio'})
-        yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
         downloaded_ids = [info['format_id'] for info in ydl.downloaded_info_dicts]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded_ids, ['136+141', '247+141'])
 
         info_dict = _make_result(list(formats_order), extractor='youtube')
         ydl = YDL({'format': '(bestvideo[ext=none]/bestvideo[ext=webm])+bestaudio'})
-        yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-        yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
         ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
         downloaded_ids = [info['format_id'] for info in ydl.downloaded_info_dicts]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded_ids, ['248+141'])
@@ -396,16 +383,14 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
         for f1, f2 in zip(formats_order, formats_order[1:]):
             info_dict = _make_result([f1, f2], extractor='youtube')
             ydl = YDL({'format': 'best/bestvideo'})
-            yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-            yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+            ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
             ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
             downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
             self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], f1['format_id'])
 
             info_dict = _make_result([f2, f1], extractor='youtube')
             ydl = YDL({'format': 'best/bestvideo'})
-            yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
-            yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+            ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
             ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
             downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
             self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], f1['format_id'])
@@ -480,7 +465,7 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
         for f in formats:
             f['url'] = 'http://_/'
             f['ext'] = 'unknown'
-        info_dict = _make_result(formats)
+        info_dict = _make_result(formats, _format_sort_fields=('id', ))
 
         ydl = YDL({'format': 'best[filesize<3000]'})
         ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
diff --git a/test/test_aes.py b/test/test_aes.py
index b26af56057..a26abfd7d0 100644
--- a/test/test_aes.py
+++ b/test/test_aes.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
 import base64
 
 from yt_dlp.aes import (
-    BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES,
     aes_cbc_decrypt,
     aes_cbc_decrypt_bytes,
     aes_cbc_encrypt,
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ from yt_dlp.aes import (
     key_expansion,
     pad_block,
 )
-from yt_dlp.dependencies import Cryptodome_AES
+from yt_dlp.dependencies import Cryptodome
 from yt_dlp.utils import bytes_to_intlist, intlist_to_bytes
 
 # the encrypted data can be generate with 'devscripts/generate_aes_testdata.py'
@@ -49,7 +48,7 @@ class TestAES(unittest.TestCase):
         data = b'\x97\x92+\xe5\x0b\xc3\x18\x91ky9m&\xb3\xb5@\xe6\x27\xc2\x96.\xc8u\x88\xab9-[\x9e|\xf1\xcd'
         decrypted = intlist_to_bytes(aes_cbc_decrypt(bytes_to_intlist(data), self.key, self.iv))
         self.assertEqual(decrypted.rstrip(b'\x08'), self.secret_msg)
-        if Cryptodome_AES:
+        if Cryptodome.AES:
             decrypted = aes_cbc_decrypt_bytes(data, intlist_to_bytes(self.key), intlist_to_bytes(self.iv))
             self.assertEqual(decrypted.rstrip(b'\x08'), self.secret_msg)
 
@@ -79,7 +78,7 @@ class TestAES(unittest.TestCase):
         decrypted = intlist_to_bytes(aes_gcm_decrypt_and_verify(
             bytes_to_intlist(data), self.key, bytes_to_intlist(authentication_tag), self.iv[:12]))
         self.assertEqual(decrypted.rstrip(b'\x08'), self.secret_msg)
-        if Cryptodome_AES:
+        if Cryptodome.AES:
             decrypted = aes_gcm_decrypt_and_verify_bytes(
                 data, intlist_to_bytes(self.key), authentication_tag, intlist_to_bytes(self.iv[:12]))
             self.assertEqual(decrypted.rstrip(b'\x08'), self.secret_msg)
@@ -103,8 +102,7 @@ class TestAES(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_ecb_encrypt(self):
         data = bytes_to_intlist(self.secret_msg)
-        data += [0x08] * (BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - len(data) % BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES)
-        encrypted = intlist_to_bytes(aes_ecb_encrypt(data, self.key, self.iv))
+        encrypted = intlist_to_bytes(aes_ecb_encrypt(data, self.key))
         self.assertEqual(
             encrypted,
             b'\xaa\x86]\x81\x97>\x02\x92\x9d\x1bR[[L/u\xd3&\xd1(h\xde{\x81\x94\xba\x02\xae\xbd\xa6\xd0:')
diff --git a/test/test_age_restriction.py b/test/test_age_restriction.py
index ff248432b9..68107590e9 100644
--- a/test/test_age_restriction.py
+++ b/test/test_age_restriction.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
 
 from test.helper import is_download_test, try_rm
 from yt_dlp import YoutubeDL
+from yt_dlp.utils import DownloadError
 
 
 def _download_restricted(url, filename, age):
@@ -25,10 +26,14 @@ def _download_restricted(url, filename, age):
     ydl.add_default_info_extractors()
     json_filename = os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + '.info.json'
     try_rm(json_filename)
-    ydl.download([url])
-    res = os.path.exists(json_filename)
-    try_rm(json_filename)
-    return res
+    try:
+        ydl.download([url])
+    except DownloadError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        return os.path.exists(json_filename)
+    finally:
+        try_rm(json_filename)
 
 
 @is_download_test
@@ -38,12 +43,12 @@ class TestAgeRestriction(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertFalse(_download_restricted(url, filename, age))
 
     def test_youtube(self):
-        self._assert_restricted('07FYdnEawAQ', '07FYdnEawAQ.mp4', 10)
+        self._assert_restricted('HtVdAasjOgU', 'HtVdAasjOgU.mp4', 10)
 
     def test_youporn(self):
         self._assert_restricted(
-            'http://www.youporn.com/watch/505835/sex-ed-is-it-safe-to-masturbate-daily/',
-            '505835.mp4', 2, old_age=25)
+            'https://www.youporn.com/watch/16715086/sex-ed-in-detention-18-asmr/',
+            '16715086.mp4', 2, old_age=25)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/test/test_compat.py b/test/test_compat.py
index e3d775bc18..003a97abf7 100644
--- a/test/test_compat.py
+++ b/test/test_compat.py
@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ class TestCompat(unittest.TestCase):
         # TODO: Test submodule
         # compat.asyncio.events  # Must not raise error
 
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            compat.compat_pycrypto_AES  # Must not raise error
+
     def test_compat_expanduser(self):
         old_home = os.environ.get('HOME')
         test_str = R'C:\Documents and Settings\тест\Application Data'
diff --git a/test/test_config.py b/test/test_config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a393b65348
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Allow direct execution
+import os
+import sys
+import unittest
+import unittest.mock
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+
+import contextlib
+import itertools
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from yt_dlp.compat import compat_expanduser
+from yt_dlp.options import create_parser, parseOpts
+from yt_dlp.utils import Config, get_executable_path
+
+ENVIRON_DEFAULTS = {
+    'HOME': None,
+    'XDG_CONFIG_HOME': '/_xdg_config_home/',
+    'USERPROFILE': 'C:/Users/testing/',
+    'APPDATA': 'C:/Users/testing/AppData/Roaming/',
+    'HOMEDRIVE': 'C:/',
+    'HOMEPATH': 'Users/testing/',
+}
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def set_environ(**kwargs):
+    saved_environ = os.environ.copy()
+
+    for name, value in {**ENVIRON_DEFAULTS, **kwargs}.items():
+        if value is None:
+            os.environ.pop(name, None)
+        else:
+            os.environ[name] = value
+
+    yield
+
+    os.environ.clear()
+    os.environ.update(saved_environ)
+
+
+def _generate_expected_groups():
+    xdg_config_home = os.getenv('XDG_CONFIG_HOME') or compat_expanduser('~/.config')
+    appdata_dir = os.getenv('appdata')
+    home_dir = compat_expanduser('~')
+    return {
+        'Portable': [
+            Path(get_executable_path(), 'yt-dlp.conf'),
+        ],
+        'Home': [
+            Path('yt-dlp.conf'),
+        ],
+        'User': [
+            Path(xdg_config_home, 'yt-dlp.conf'),
+            Path(xdg_config_home, 'yt-dlp', 'config'),
+            Path(xdg_config_home, 'yt-dlp', 'config.txt'),
+            *((
+                Path(appdata_dir, 'yt-dlp.conf'),
+                Path(appdata_dir, 'yt-dlp', 'config'),
+                Path(appdata_dir, 'yt-dlp', 'config.txt'),
+            ) if appdata_dir else ()),
+            Path(home_dir, 'yt-dlp.conf'),
+            Path(home_dir, 'yt-dlp.conf.txt'),
+            Path(home_dir, '.yt-dlp', 'config'),
+            Path(home_dir, '.yt-dlp', 'config.txt'),
+        ],
+        'System': [
+            Path('/etc/yt-dlp.conf'),
+            Path('/etc/yt-dlp/config'),
+            Path('/etc/yt-dlp/config.txt'),
+        ]
+    }
+
+
+class TestConfig(unittest.TestCase):
+    maxDiff = None
+
+    @set_environ()
+    def test_config__ENVIRON_DEFAULTS_sanity(self):
+        expected = make_expected()
+        self.assertCountEqual(
+            set(expected), expected,
+            'ENVIRON_DEFAULTS produces non unique names')
+
+    def test_config_all_environ_values(self):
+        for name, value in ENVIRON_DEFAULTS.items():
+            for new_value in (None, '', '.', value or '/some/dir'):
+                with set_environ(**{name: new_value}):
+                    self._simple_grouping_test()
+
+    def test_config_default_expected_locations(self):
+        files, _ = self._simple_config_test()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            files, make_expected(),
+            'Not all expected locations have been checked')
+
+    def test_config_default_grouping(self):
+        self._simple_grouping_test()
+
+    def _simple_grouping_test(self):
+        expected_groups = make_expected_groups()
+        for name, group in expected_groups.items():
+            for index, existing_path in enumerate(group):
+                result, opts = self._simple_config_test(existing_path)
+                expected = expected_from_expected_groups(expected_groups, existing_path)
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    result, expected,
+                    f'The checked locations do not match the expected ({name}, {index})')
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    opts.outtmpl['default'], '1',
+                    f'The used result value was incorrect ({name}, {index})')
+
+    def _simple_config_test(self, *stop_paths):
+        encountered = 0
+        paths = []
+
+        def read_file(filename, default=[]):
+            nonlocal encountered
+            path = Path(filename)
+            paths.append(path)
+            if path in stop_paths:
+                encountered += 1
+                return ['-o', f'{encountered}']
+
+        with ConfigMock(read_file):
+            _, opts, _ = parseOpts([], False)
+
+        return paths, opts
+
+    @set_environ()
+    def test_config_early_exit_commandline(self):
+        self._early_exit_test(0, '--ignore-config')
+
+    @set_environ()
+    def test_config_early_exit_files(self):
+        for index, _ in enumerate(make_expected(), 1):
+            self._early_exit_test(index)
+
+    def _early_exit_test(self, allowed_reads, *args):
+        reads = 0
+
+        def read_file(filename, default=[]):
+            nonlocal reads
+            reads += 1
+
+            if reads > allowed_reads:
+                self.fail('The remaining config was not ignored')
+            elif reads == allowed_reads:
+                return ['--ignore-config']
+
+        with ConfigMock(read_file):
+            parseOpts(args, False)
+
+    @set_environ()
+    def test_config_override_commandline(self):
+        self._override_test(0, '-o', 'pass')
+
+    @set_environ()
+    def test_config_override_files(self):
+        for index, _ in enumerate(make_expected(), 1):
+            self._override_test(index)
+
+    def _override_test(self, start_index, *args):
+        index = 0
+
+        def read_file(filename, default=[]):
+            nonlocal index
+            index += 1
+
+            if index > start_index:
+                return ['-o', 'fail']
+            elif index == start_index:
+                return ['-o', 'pass']
+
+        with ConfigMock(read_file):
+            _, opts, _ = parseOpts(args, False)
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            opts.outtmpl['default'], 'pass',
+            'The earlier group did not override the later ones')
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def ConfigMock(read_file=None):
+    with unittest.mock.patch('yt_dlp.options.Config') as mock:
+        mock.return_value = Config(create_parser())
+        if read_file is not None:
+            mock.read_file = read_file
+
+        yield mock
+
+
+def make_expected(*filepaths):
+    return expected_from_expected_groups(_generate_expected_groups(), *filepaths)
+
+
+def make_expected_groups(*filepaths):
+    return _filter_expected_groups(_generate_expected_groups(), filepaths)
+
+
+def expected_from_expected_groups(expected_groups, *filepaths):
+    return list(itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+        _filter_expected_groups(expected_groups, filepaths).values()))
+
+
+def _filter_expected_groups(expected, filepaths):
+    if not filepaths:
+        return expected
+
+    result = {}
+    for group, paths in expected.items():
+        new_paths = []
+        for path in paths:
+            new_paths.append(path)
+            if path in filepaths:
+                break
+
+        result[group] = new_paths
+
+    return result
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()
diff --git a/test/test_cookies.py b/test/test_cookies.py
index cfeb11b552..4155bcbf55 100644
--- a/test/test_cookies.py
+++ b/test/test_cookies.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from datetime import datetime, timezone
 
 from yt_dlp import cookies
 from yt_dlp.cookies import (
+    LenientSimpleCookie,
     LinuxChromeCookieDecryptor,
     MacChromeCookieDecryptor,
     WindowsChromeCookieDecryptor,
@@ -137,3 +138,163 @@ class TestCookies(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_pbkdf2_sha1(self):
         key = pbkdf2_sha1(b'peanuts', b' ' * 16, 1, 16)
         self.assertEqual(key, b'g\xe1\x8e\x0fQ\x1c\x9b\xf3\xc9`!\xaa\x90\xd9\xd34')
+
+
+class TestLenientSimpleCookie(unittest.TestCase):
+    def _run_tests(self, *cases):
+        for message, raw_cookie, expected in cases:
+            cookie = LenientSimpleCookie(raw_cookie)
+
+            with self.subTest(message, expected=expected):
+                self.assertEqual(cookie.keys(), expected.keys(), message)
+
+                for key, expected_value in expected.items():
+                    morsel = cookie[key]
+                    if isinstance(expected_value, tuple):
+                        expected_value, expected_attributes = expected_value
+                    else:
+                        expected_attributes = {}
+
+                    attributes = {
+                        key: value
+                        for key, value in dict(morsel).items()
+                        if value != ""
+                    }
+                    self.assertEqual(attributes, expected_attributes, message)
+
+                    self.assertEqual(morsel.value, expected_value, message)
+
+    def test_parsing(self):
+        self._run_tests(
+            # Copied from https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.10.7/Lib/test/test_http_cookies.py
+            (
+                "Test basic cookie",
+                "chips=ahoy; vienna=finger",
+                {"chips": "ahoy", "vienna": "finger"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Test quoted cookie",
+                'keebler="E=mc2; L=\\"Loves\\"; fudge=\\012;"',
+                {"keebler": 'E=mc2; L="Loves"; fudge=\012;'},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Allow '=' in an unquoted value",
+                "keebler=E=mc2",
+                {"keebler": "E=mc2"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Allow cookies with ':' in their name",
+                "key:term=value:term",
+                {"key:term": "value:term"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Allow '[' and ']' in cookie values",
+                "a=b; c=[; d=r; f=h",
+                {"a": "b", "c": "[", "d": "r", "f": "h"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Test basic cookie attributes",
+                'Customer="WILE_E_COYOTE"; Version=1; Path=/acme',
+                {"Customer": ("WILE_E_COYOTE", {"version": "1", "path": "/acme"})},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Test flag only cookie attributes",
+                'Customer="WILE_E_COYOTE"; HttpOnly; Secure',
+                {"Customer": ("WILE_E_COYOTE", {"httponly": True, "secure": True})},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Test flag only attribute with values",
+                "eggs=scrambled; httponly=foo; secure=bar; Path=/bacon",
+                {"eggs": ("scrambled", {"httponly": "foo", "secure": "bar", "path": "/bacon"})},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Test special case for 'expires' attribute, 4 digit year",
+                'Customer="W"; expires=Wed, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT',
+                {"Customer": ("W", {"expires": "Wed, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT"})},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Test special case for 'expires' attribute, 2 digit year",
+                'Customer="W"; expires=Wed, 01 Jan 98 00:00:00 GMT',
+                {"Customer": ("W", {"expires": "Wed, 01 Jan 98 00:00:00 GMT"})},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Test extra spaces in keys and values",
+                "eggs  =  scrambled  ;  secure  ;  path  =  bar   ; foo=foo   ",
+                {"eggs": ("scrambled", {"secure": True, "path": "bar"}), "foo": "foo"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Test quoted attributes",
+                'Customer="WILE_E_COYOTE"; Version="1"; Path="/acme"',
+                {"Customer": ("WILE_E_COYOTE", {"version": "1", "path": "/acme"})}
+            ),
+            # Our own tests that CPython passes
+            (
+                "Allow ';' in quoted value",
+                'chips="a;hoy"; vienna=finger',
+                {"chips": "a;hoy", "vienna": "finger"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Keep only the last set value",
+                "a=c; a=b",
+                {"a": "b"},
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_lenient_parsing(self):
+        self._run_tests(
+            (
+                "Ignore and try to skip invalid cookies",
+                'chips={"ahoy;": 1}; vienna="finger;"',
+                {"vienna": "finger;"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Ignore cookies without a name",
+                "a=b; unnamed; c=d",
+                {"a": "b", "c": "d"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Ignore '\"' cookie without name",
+                'a=b; "; c=d',
+                {"a": "b", "c": "d"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Skip all space separated values",
+                "x a=b c=d x; e=f",
+                {"a": "b", "c": "d", "e": "f"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Skip all space separated values",
+                'x a=b; data={"complex": "json", "with": "key=value"}; x c=d x',
+                {"a": "b", "c": "d"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Expect quote mending",
+                'a=b; invalid="; c=d',
+                {"a": "b", "c": "d"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Reset morsel after invalid to not capture attributes",
+                "a=b; invalid; Version=1; c=d",
+                {"a": "b", "c": "d"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Reset morsel after invalid to not capture attributes",
+                "a=b; $invalid; $Version=1; c=d",
+                {"a": "b", "c": "d"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Continue after non-flag attribute without value",
+                "a=b; path; Version=1; c=d",
+                {"a": "b", "c": "d"},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Allow cookie attributes with `$` prefix",
+                'Customer="WILE_E_COYOTE"; $Version=1; $Secure; $Path=/acme',
+                {"Customer": ("WILE_E_COYOTE", {"version": "1", "secure": True, "path": "/acme"})},
+            ),
+            (
+                "Invalid Morsel keys should not result in an error",
+                "Key=Value; [Invalid]=Value; Another=Value",
+                {"Key": "Value", "Another": "Value"},
+            ),
+        )
diff --git a/test/test_download.py b/test/test_download.py
index ee53efa1c4..43b39c36b3 100755
--- a/test/test_download.py
+++ b/test/test_download.py
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ def generator(test_case, tname):
             params = tc.get('params', {})
             if not info_dict.get('id'):
                 raise Exception(f'Test {tname} definition incorrect - "id" key is not present')
-            elif not info_dict.get('ext'):
+            elif not info_dict.get('ext') and info_dict.get('_type', 'video') == 'video':
                 if params.get('skip_download') and params.get('ignore_no_formats_error'):
                     continue
                 raise Exception(f'Test {tname} definition incorrect - "ext" key must be present to define the output file')
@@ -122,7 +122,8 @@ def generator(test_case, tname):
         params['outtmpl'] = tname + '_' + params['outtmpl']
         if is_playlist and 'playlist' not in test_case:
             params.setdefault('extract_flat', 'in_playlist')
-            params.setdefault('playlistend', test_case.get('playlist_mincount'))
+            params.setdefault('playlistend', test_case.get(
+                'playlist_mincount', test_case.get('playlist_count', -2) + 1))
             params.setdefault('skip_download', True)
 
         ydl = YoutubeDL(params, auto_init=False)
@@ -212,6 +213,8 @@ def generator(test_case, tname):
                 tc_res_dict = res_dict['entries'][tc_num]
                 # First, check test cases' data against extracted data alone
                 expect_info_dict(self, tc_res_dict, tc.get('info_dict', {}))
+                if tc_res_dict.get('_type', 'video') != 'video':
+                    continue
                 # Now, check downloaded file consistency
                 tc_filename = get_tc_filename(tc)
                 if not test_case.get('params', {}).get('skip_download', False):
diff --git a/test/test_jsinterp.py b/test/test_jsinterp.py
index 92ef532f56..e090dc7914 100644
--- a/test/test_jsinterp.py
+++ b/test/test_jsinterp.py
@@ -155,6 +155,38 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(jsi.call_function('z'), 5)
         self.assertEqual(jsi.call_function('y'), 2)
 
+    def test_if(self):
+        jsi = JSInterpreter('''
+        function x() {
+            let a = 9;
+            if (0==0) {a++}
+            return a
+        }''')
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.call_function('x'), 10)
+
+        jsi = JSInterpreter('''
+        function x() {
+            if (0==0) {return 10}
+        }''')
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.call_function('x'), 10)
+
+        jsi = JSInterpreter('''
+        function x() {
+            if (0!=0) {return 1}
+            else {return 10}
+        }''')
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.call_function('x'), 10)
+
+        """  # Unsupported
+        jsi = JSInterpreter('''
+        function x() {
+            if (0!=0) {return 1}
+            else if (1==0) {return 2}
+            else {return 10}
+        }''')
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.call_function('x'), 10)
+        """
+
     def test_for_loop(self):
         jsi = JSInterpreter('''
         function x() { a=0; for (i=0; i-10; i++) {a++} return a }
@@ -392,6 +424,11 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
         ''')
         self.assertEqual(jsi.call_function('x').pattern, r',][}",],()}(\[)')
 
+        jsi = JSInterpreter(R'''
+        function x() { let a=[/[)\\]/]; return a[0]; }
+        ''')
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.call_function('x').pattern, r'[)\\]')
+
     def test_char_code_at(self):
         jsi = JSInterpreter('function x(i){return "test".charCodeAt(i)}')
         self.assertEqual(jsi.call_function('x', 0), 116)
diff --git a/test/test_plugins.py b/test/test_plugins.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6cde579e1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/test_plugins.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+import importlib
+import os
+import shutil
+import sys
+import unittest
+from pathlib import Path
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+TEST_DATA_DIR = Path(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), 'testdata')
+sys.path.append(str(TEST_DATA_DIR))
+importlib.invalidate_caches()
+
+from yt_dlp.plugins import PACKAGE_NAME, directories, load_plugins
+
+
+class TestPlugins(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    TEST_PLUGIN_DIR = TEST_DATA_DIR / PACKAGE_NAME
+
+    def test_directories_containing_plugins(self):
+        self.assertIn(self.TEST_PLUGIN_DIR, map(Path, directories()))
+
+    def test_extractor_classes(self):
+        for module_name in tuple(sys.modules):
+            if module_name.startswith(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor'):
+                del sys.modules[module_name]
+        plugins_ie = load_plugins('extractor', 'IE')
+
+        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
+        self.assertIn('NormalPluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
+
+        # don't load modules with underscore prefix
+        self.assertFalse(
+            f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor._ignore' in sys.modules.keys(),
+            'loaded module beginning with underscore')
+        self.assertNotIn('IgnorePluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
+
+        # Don't load extractors with underscore prefix
+        self.assertNotIn('_IgnoreUnderscorePluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
+
+        # Don't load extractors not specified in __all__ (if supplied)
+        self.assertNotIn('IgnoreNotInAllPluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
+        self.assertIn('InAllPluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
+
+    def test_postprocessor_classes(self):
+        plugins_pp = load_plugins('postprocessor', 'PP')
+        self.assertIn('NormalPluginPP', plugins_pp.keys())
+
+    def test_importing_zipped_module(self):
+        zip_path = TEST_DATA_DIR / 'zipped_plugins.zip'
+        shutil.make_archive(str(zip_path)[:-4], 'zip', str(zip_path)[:-4])
+        sys.path.append(str(zip_path))  # add zip to search paths
+        importlib.invalidate_caches()  # reset the import caches
+
+        try:
+            for plugin_type in ('extractor', 'postprocessor'):
+                package = importlib.import_module(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.{plugin_type}')
+                self.assertIn(zip_path / PACKAGE_NAME / plugin_type, map(Path, package.__path__))
+
+            plugins_ie = load_plugins('extractor', 'IE')
+            self.assertIn('ZippedPluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
+
+            plugins_pp = load_plugins('postprocessor', 'PP')
+            self.assertIn('ZippedPluginPP', plugins_pp.keys())
+
+        finally:
+            sys.path.remove(str(zip_path))
+            os.remove(zip_path)
+            importlib.invalidate_caches()  # reset the import caches
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()
diff --git a/test/test_postprocessors.py b/test/test_postprocessors.py
index c49e3ede0f..52e5587729 100644
--- a/test/test_postprocessors.py
+++ b/test/test_postprocessors.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from yt_dlp.postprocessor import (
     MetadataFromFieldPP,
     MetadataParserPP,
     ModifyChaptersPP,
+    SponsorBlockPP,
 )
 
 
@@ -76,11 +77,15 @@ class TestModifyChaptersPP(unittest.TestCase):
         self._pp = ModifyChaptersPP(YoutubeDL())
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _sponsor_chapter(start, end, cat, remove=False):
-        c = {'start_time': start, 'end_time': end, '_categories': [(cat, start, end)]}
-        if remove:
-            c['remove'] = True
-        return c
+    def _sponsor_chapter(start, end, cat, remove=False, title=None):
+        if title is None:
+            title = SponsorBlockPP.CATEGORIES[cat]
+        return {
+            'start_time': start,
+            'end_time': end,
+            '_categories': [(cat, start, end, title)],
+            **({'remove': True} if remove else {}),
+        }
 
     @staticmethod
     def _chapter(start, end, title=None, remove=False):
@@ -130,6 +135,19 @@ class TestModifyChaptersPP(unittest.TestCase):
              'c', '[SponsorBlock]: Filler Tangent', 'c'])
         self._remove_marked_arrange_sponsors_test_impl(chapters, expected, [])
 
+    def test_remove_marked_arrange_sponsors_SponsorBlockChapters(self):
+        chapters = self._chapters([70], ['c']) + [
+            self._sponsor_chapter(10, 20, 'chapter', title='sb c1'),
+            self._sponsor_chapter(15, 16, 'chapter', title='sb c2'),
+            self._sponsor_chapter(30, 40, 'preview'),
+            self._sponsor_chapter(50, 60, 'filler')]
+        expected = self._chapters(
+            [10, 15, 16, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70],
+            ['c', '[SponsorBlock]: sb c1', '[SponsorBlock]: sb c1, sb c2', '[SponsorBlock]: sb c1',
+             'c', '[SponsorBlock]: Preview/Recap',
+             'c', '[SponsorBlock]: Filler Tangent', 'c'])
+        self._remove_marked_arrange_sponsors_test_impl(chapters, expected, [])
+
     def test_remove_marked_arrange_sponsors_UniqueNamesForOverlappingSponsors(self):
         chapters = self._chapters([120], ['c']) + [
             self._sponsor_chapter(10, 45, 'sponsor'), self._sponsor_chapter(20, 40, 'selfpromo'),
@@ -173,7 +191,7 @@ class TestModifyChaptersPP(unittest.TestCase):
         self._remove_marked_arrange_sponsors_test_impl(chapters, expected, cuts)
 
     def test_remove_marked_arrange_sponsors_ChapterWithCutHidingSponsor(self):
-        cuts = [self._sponsor_chapter(20, 50, 'selpromo', remove=True)]
+        cuts = [self._sponsor_chapter(20, 50, 'selfpromo', remove=True)]
         chapters = self._chapters([60], ['c']) + [
             self._sponsor_chapter(10, 20, 'intro'),
             self._sponsor_chapter(30, 40, 'sponsor'),
@@ -199,7 +217,7 @@ class TestModifyChaptersPP(unittest.TestCase):
             self._sponsor_chapter(10, 20, 'sponsor'),
             self._sponsor_chapter(20, 30, 'interaction', remove=True),
             self._chapter(30, 40, remove=True),
-            self._sponsor_chapter(40, 50, 'selpromo', remove=True),
+            self._sponsor_chapter(40, 50, 'selfpromo', remove=True),
             self._sponsor_chapter(50, 60, 'interaction')]
         expected = self._chapters([10, 20, 30, 40],
                                   ['c', '[SponsorBlock]: Sponsor',
@@ -282,7 +300,7 @@ class TestModifyChaptersPP(unittest.TestCase):
         chapters = self._chapters([70], ['c']) + [
             self._sponsor_chapter(10, 30, 'sponsor'),
             self._sponsor_chapter(20, 50, 'interaction'),
-            self._sponsor_chapter(30, 50, 'selpromo', remove=True),
+            self._sponsor_chapter(30, 50, 'selfpromo', remove=True),
             self._sponsor_chapter(40, 60, 'sponsor'),
             self._sponsor_chapter(50, 60, 'interaction')]
         expected = self._chapters(
diff --git a/test/test_utils.py b/test/test_utils.py
index 96477c53fc..3045b6d7e1 100644
--- a/test/test_utils.py
+++ b/test/test_utils.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 # Allow direct execution
 import os
+import re
 import sys
 import unittest
 
@@ -104,11 +105,13 @@ from yt_dlp.utils import (
     sanitized_Request,
     shell_quote,
     smuggle_url,
+    str_or_none,
     str_to_int,
     strip_jsonp,
     strip_or_none,
     subtitles_filename,
     timeconvert,
+    traverse_obj,
     unescapeHTML,
     unified_strdate,
     unified_timestamp,
@@ -952,6 +955,85 @@ class TestUtil(unittest.TestCase):
         )
         self.assertEqual(escape_url('http://vimeo.com/56015672#at=0'), 'http://vimeo.com/56015672#at=0')
 
+    def test_js_to_json_vars_strings(self):
+        self.assertDictEqual(
+            json.loads(js_to_json(
+                '''{
+                    'null': a,
+                    'nullStr': b,
+                    'true': c,
+                    'trueStr': d,
+                    'false': e,
+                    'falseStr': f,
+                    'unresolvedVar': g,
+                }''',
+                {
+                    'a': 'null',
+                    'b': '"null"',
+                    'c': 'true',
+                    'd': '"true"',
+                    'e': 'false',
+                    'f': '"false"',
+                    'g': 'var',
+                }
+            )),
+            {
+                'null': None,
+                'nullStr': 'null',
+                'true': True,
+                'trueStr': 'true',
+                'false': False,
+                'falseStr': 'false',
+                'unresolvedVar': 'var'
+            }
+        )
+
+        self.assertDictEqual(
+            json.loads(js_to_json(
+                '''{
+                    'int': a,
+                    'intStr': b,
+                    'float': c,
+                    'floatStr': d,
+                }''',
+                {
+                    'a': '123',
+                    'b': '"123"',
+                    'c': '1.23',
+                    'd': '"1.23"',
+                }
+            )),
+            {
+                'int': 123,
+                'intStr': '123',
+                'float': 1.23,
+                'floatStr': '1.23',
+            }
+        )
+
+        self.assertDictEqual(
+            json.loads(js_to_json(
+                '''{
+                    'object': a,
+                    'objectStr': b,
+                    'array': c,
+                    'arrayStr': d,
+                }''',
+                {
+                    'a': '{}',
+                    'b': '"{}"',
+                    'c': '[]',
+                    'd': '"[]"',
+                }
+            )),
+            {
+                'object': {},
+                'objectStr': '{}',
+                'array': [],
+                'arrayStr': '[]',
+            }
+        )
+
     def test_js_to_json_realworld(self):
         inp = '''{
             'clip':{'provider':'pseudo'}
@@ -1098,6 +1180,12 @@ class TestUtil(unittest.TestCase):
         on = js_to_json('[1,//{},\n2]')
         self.assertEqual(json.loads(on), [1, 2])
 
+        on = js_to_json(R'"\^\$\#"')
+        self.assertEqual(json.loads(on), R'^$#', msg='Unnecessary escapes should be stripped')
+
+        on = js_to_json('\'"\\""\'')
+        self.assertEqual(json.loads(on), '"""', msg='Unnecessary quote escape should be escaped')
+
     def test_js_to_json_malformed(self):
         self.assertEqual(js_to_json('42a1'), '42"a1"')
         self.assertEqual(js_to_json('42a-1'), '42"a"-1')
@@ -1677,6 +1765,9 @@ Line 1
         self.assertEqual(list(get_elements_text_and_html_by_attribute('class', 'foo', html)), [])
         self.assertEqual(list(get_elements_text_and_html_by_attribute('class', 'no-such-foo', html)), [])
 
+        self.assertEqual(list(get_elements_text_and_html_by_attribute(
+            'class', 'foo', '<a class="foo">nice</a><span class="foo">nice</span>', tag='a')), [('nice', '<a class="foo">nice</a>')])
+
     GET_ELEMENT_BY_TAG_TEST_STRING = '''
     random text lorem ipsum</p>
     <div>
@@ -1863,6 +1954,8 @@ Line 1
             vcodecs=[None], acodecs=[None], vexts=['webm'], aexts=['m4a']), 'mkv')
         self.assertEqual(get_compatible_ext(
             vcodecs=[None], acodecs=[None], vexts=['webm'], aexts=['webm']), 'webm')
+        self.assertEqual(get_compatible_ext(
+            vcodecs=[None], acodecs=[None], vexts=['webm'], aexts=['weba']), 'webm')
 
         self.assertEqual(get_compatible_ext(
             vcodecs=['h264'], acodecs=['mp4a'], vexts=['mov'], aexts=['m4a']), 'mp4')
@@ -1874,6 +1967,301 @@ Line 1
         self.assertEqual(get_compatible_ext(
             vcodecs=['av1'], acodecs=['mp4a'], vexts=['webm'], aexts=['m4a'], preferences=('webm', 'mkv')), 'mkv')
 
+    def test_traverse_obj(self):
+        _TEST_DATA = {
+            100: 100,
+            1.2: 1.2,
+            'str': 'str',
+            'None': None,
+            '...': ...,
+            'urls': [
+                {'index': 0, 'url': 'https://www.example.com/0'},
+                {'index': 1, 'url': 'https://www.example.com/1'},
+            ],
+            'data': (
+                {'index': 2},
+                {'index': 3},
+            ),
+            'dict': {},
+        }
+
+        # Test base functionality
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ('str',)), 'str',
+                         msg='allow tuple path')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ['str']), 'str',
+                         msg='allow list path')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, (value for value in ("str",))), 'str',
+                         msg='allow iterable path')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, 'str'), 'str',
+                         msg='single items should be treated as a path')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, None), _TEST_DATA)
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, 100), 100)
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, 1.2), 1.2)
+
+        # Test Ellipsis behavior
+        self.assertCountEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ...),
+                              (item for item in _TEST_DATA.values() if item not in (None, {})),
+                              msg='`...` should give all non discarded values')
+        self.assertCountEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ('urls', 0, ...)), _TEST_DATA['urls'][0].values(),
+                              msg='`...` selection for dicts should select all values')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, (..., ..., 'url')),
+                         ['https://www.example.com/0', 'https://www.example.com/1'],
+                         msg='nested `...` queries should work')
+        self.assertCountEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, (..., ..., 'index')), range(4),
+                              msg='`...` query result should be flattened')
+
+        # Test function as key
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, lambda x, y: x == 'urls' and isinstance(y, list)),
+                         [_TEST_DATA['urls']],
+                         msg='function as query key should perform a filter based on (key, value)')
+        self.assertCountEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, lambda _, x: isinstance(x[0], str)), {'str'},
+                              msg='exceptions in the query function should be catched')
+        if __debug__:
+            with self.assertRaises(Exception, msg='Wrong function signature should raise in debug'):
+                traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, lambda a: ...)
+            with self.assertRaises(Exception, msg='Wrong function signature should raise in debug'):
+                traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, lambda a, b, c: ...)
+
+        # Test set as key (transformation/type, like `expected_type`)
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, (..., {str.upper}, )), ['STR'],
+                         msg='Function in set should be a transformation')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, (..., {str})), ['str'],
+                         msg='Type in set should be a type filter')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {dict}), _TEST_DATA,
+                         msg='A single set should be wrapped into a path')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, (..., {str.upper})), ['STR'],
+                         msg='Transformation function should not raise')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, (..., {str_or_none})),
+                         [item for item in map(str_or_none, _TEST_DATA.values()) if item is not None],
+                         msg='Function in set should be a transformation')
+        if __debug__:
+            with self.assertRaises(Exception, msg='Sets with length != 1 should raise in debug'):
+                traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, set())
+            with self.assertRaises(Exception, msg='Sets with length != 1 should raise in debug'):
+                traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {str.upper, str})
+
+        # Test alternative paths
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, 'fail', 'str'), 'str',
+                         msg='multiple `paths` should be treated as alternative paths')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, 'str', 100), 'str',
+                         msg='alternatives should exit early')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, 'fail', 'fail'), None,
+                         msg='alternatives should return `default` if exhausted')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, (..., 'fail'), 100), 100,
+                         msg='alternatives should track their own branching return')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ('dict', ...), ('data', ...)), list(_TEST_DATA['data']),
+                         msg='alternatives on empty objects should search further')
+
+        # Test branch and path nesting
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ('urls', (3, 0), 'url')), ['https://www.example.com/0'],
+                         msg='tuple as key should be treated as branches')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ('urls', [3, 0], 'url')), ['https://www.example.com/0'],
+                         msg='list as key should be treated as branches')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ('urls', ((1, 'fail'), (0, 'url')))), ['https://www.example.com/0'],
+                         msg='double nesting in path should be treated as paths')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(['0', [1, 2]], [(0, 1), 0]), [1],
+                         msg='do not fail early on branching')
+        self.assertCountEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ('urls', ((1, ('fail', 'url')), (0, 'url')))),
+                              ['https://www.example.com/0', 'https://www.example.com/1'],
+                              msg='tripple nesting in path should be treated as branches')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ('urls', ('fail', (..., 'url')))),
+                         ['https://www.example.com/0', 'https://www.example.com/1'],
+                         msg='ellipsis as branch path start gets flattened')
+
+        # Test dictionary as key
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: 100, 1: 1.2}), {0: 100, 1: 1.2},
+                         msg='dict key should result in a dict with the same keys')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: ('urls', 0, 'url')}),
+                         {0: 'https://www.example.com/0'},
+                         msg='dict key should allow paths')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: ('urls', (3, 0), 'url')}),
+                         {0: ['https://www.example.com/0']},
+                         msg='tuple in dict path should be treated as branches')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: ('urls', ((1, 'fail'), (0, 'url')))}),
+                         {0: ['https://www.example.com/0']},
+                         msg='double nesting in dict path should be treated as paths')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: ('urls', ((1, ('fail', 'url')), (0, 'url')))}),
+                         {0: ['https://www.example.com/1', 'https://www.example.com/0']},
+                         msg='tripple nesting in dict path should be treated as branches')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: 'fail'}), {},
+                         msg='remove `None` values when top level dict key fails')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: 'fail'}, default=...), {0: ...},
+                         msg='use `default` if key fails and `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: 'dict'}), {},
+                         msg='remove empty values when dict key')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: 'dict'}, default=...), {0: ...},
+                         msg='use `default` when dict key and `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: {0: 'fail'}}), {},
+                         msg='remove empty values when nested dict key fails')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(None, {0: 'fail'}), {},
+                         msg='default to dict if pruned')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(None, {0: 'fail'}, default=...), {0: ...},
+                         msg='default to dict if pruned and default is given')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: {0: 'fail'}}, default=...), {0: {0: ...}},
+                         msg='use nested `default` when nested dict key fails and `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: ('dict', ...)}), {},
+                         msg='remove key if branch in dict key not successful')
+
+        # Testing default parameter behavior
+        _DEFAULT_DATA = {'None': None, 'int': 0, 'list': []}
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_DEFAULT_DATA, 'fail'), None,
+                         msg='default value should be `None`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_DEFAULT_DATA, 'fail', 'fail', default=...), ...,
+                         msg='chained fails should result in default')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_DEFAULT_DATA, 'None', 'int'), 0,
+                         msg='should not short cirquit on `None`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_DEFAULT_DATA, 'fail', default=1), 1,
+                         msg='invalid dict key should result in `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_DEFAULT_DATA, 'None', default=1), 1,
+                         msg='`None` is a deliberate sentinel and should become `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_DEFAULT_DATA, ('list', 10)), None,
+                         msg='`IndexError` should result in `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_DEFAULT_DATA, (..., 'fail'), default=1), 1,
+                         msg='if branched but not successful return `default` if defined, not `[]`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_DEFAULT_DATA, (..., 'fail'), default=None), None,
+                         msg='if branched but not successful return `default` even if `default` is `None`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_DEFAULT_DATA, (..., 'fail')), [],
+                         msg='if branched but not successful return `[]`, not `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_DEFAULT_DATA, ('list', ...)), [],
+                         msg='if branched but object is empty return `[]`, not `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(None, ...), [],
+                         msg='if branched but object is `None` return `[]`, not `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj({0: None}, (0, ...)), [],
+                         msg='if branched but state is `None` return `[]`, not `default`')
+
+        branching_paths = [
+            ('fail', ...),
+            (..., 'fail'),
+            100 * ('fail',) + (...,),
+            (...,) + 100 * ('fail',),
+        ]
+        for branching_path in branching_paths:
+            self.assertEqual(traverse_obj({}, branching_path), [],
+                             msg='if branched but state is `None`, return `[]` (not `default`)')
+            self.assertEqual(traverse_obj({}, 'fail', branching_path), [],
+                             msg='if branching in last alternative and previous did not match, return `[]` (not `default`)')
+            self.assertEqual(traverse_obj({0: 'x'}, 0, branching_path), 'x',
+                             msg='if branching in last alternative and previous did match, return single value')
+            self.assertEqual(traverse_obj({0: 'x'}, branching_path, 0), 'x',
+                             msg='if branching in first alternative and non-branching path does match, return single value')
+            self.assertEqual(traverse_obj({}, branching_path, 'fail'), None,
+                             msg='if branching in first alternative and non-branching path does not match, return `default`')
+
+        # Testing expected_type behavior
+        _EXPECTED_TYPE_DATA = {'str': 'str', 'int': 0}
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_EXPECTED_TYPE_DATA, 'str', expected_type=str),
+                         'str', msg='accept matching `expected_type` type')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_EXPECTED_TYPE_DATA, 'str', expected_type=int),
+                         None, msg='reject non matching `expected_type` type')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_EXPECTED_TYPE_DATA, 'int', expected_type=lambda x: str(x)),
+                         '0', msg='transform type using type function')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_EXPECTED_TYPE_DATA, 'str', expected_type=lambda _: 1 / 0),
+                         None, msg='wrap expected_type fuction in try_call')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_EXPECTED_TYPE_DATA, ..., expected_type=str),
+                         ['str'], msg='eliminate items that expected_type fails on')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: 100, 1: 1.2}, expected_type=int),
+                         {0: 100}, msg='type as expected_type should filter dict values')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: 100, 1: 1.2, 2: 'None'}, expected_type=str_or_none),
+                         {0: '100', 1: '1.2'}, msg='function as expected_type should transform dict values')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ({0: 1.2}, 0, {int_or_none}), expected_type=int),
+                         1, msg='expected_type should not filter non final dict values')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, {0: {0: 100, 1: 'str'}}, expected_type=int),
+                         {0: {0: 100}}, msg='expected_type should transform deep dict values')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, [({0: '...'}, {0: '...'})], expected_type=type(...)),
+                         [{0: ...}, {0: ...}], msg='expected_type should transform branched dict values')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj({1: {3: 4}}, [(1, 2), 3], expected_type=int),
+                         [4], msg='expected_type regression for type matching in tuple branching')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TEST_DATA, ['data', ...], expected_type=int),
+                         [], msg='expected_type regression for type matching in dict result')
+
+        # Test get_all behavior
+        _GET_ALL_DATA = {'key': [0, 1, 2]}
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_GET_ALL_DATA, ('key', ...), get_all=False), 0,
+                         msg='if not `get_all`, return only first matching value')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_GET_ALL_DATA, ..., get_all=False), [0, 1, 2],
+                         msg='do not overflatten if not `get_all`')
+
+        # Test casesense behavior
+        _CASESENSE_DATA = {
+            'KeY': 'value0',
+            0: {
+                'KeY': 'value1',
+                0: {'KeY': 'value2'},
+            },
+        }
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_CASESENSE_DATA, 'key'), None,
+                         msg='dict keys should be case sensitive unless `casesense`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_CASESENSE_DATA, 'keY',
+                                      casesense=False), 'value0',
+                         msg='allow non matching key case if `casesense`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_CASESENSE_DATA, (0, ('keY',)),
+                                      casesense=False), ['value1'],
+                         msg='allow non matching key case in branch if `casesense`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_CASESENSE_DATA, (0, ((0, 'keY'),)),
+                                      casesense=False), ['value2'],
+                         msg='allow non matching key case in branch path if `casesense`')
+
+        # Test traverse_string behavior
+        _TRAVERSE_STRING_DATA = {'str': 'str', 1.2: 1.2}
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TRAVERSE_STRING_DATA, ('str', 0)), None,
+                         msg='do not traverse into string if not `traverse_string`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TRAVERSE_STRING_DATA, ('str', 0),
+                                      traverse_string=True), 's',
+                         msg='traverse into string if `traverse_string`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TRAVERSE_STRING_DATA, (1.2, 1),
+                                      traverse_string=True), '.',
+                         msg='traverse into converted data if `traverse_string`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TRAVERSE_STRING_DATA, ('str', ...),
+                                      traverse_string=True), 'str',
+                         msg='`...` should result in string (same value) if `traverse_string`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TRAVERSE_STRING_DATA, ('str', slice(0, None, 2)),
+                                      traverse_string=True), 'sr',
+                         msg='`slice` should result in string if `traverse_string`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TRAVERSE_STRING_DATA, ('str', lambda i, v: i or v == "s"),
+                                      traverse_string=True), 'str',
+                         msg='function should result in string if `traverse_string`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_TRAVERSE_STRING_DATA, ('str', (0, 2)),
+                                      traverse_string=True), ['s', 'r'],
+                         msg='branching should result in list if `traverse_string`')
+
+        # Test is_user_input behavior
+        _IS_USER_INPUT_DATA = {'range8': list(range(8))}
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(_IS_USER_INPUT_DATA, ('range8', '3'),
+                                      is_user_input=True), 3,
+                         msg='allow for string indexing if `is_user_input`')
+        self.assertCountEqual(traverse_obj(_IS_USER_INPUT_DATA, ('range8', '3:'),
+                                           is_user_input=True), tuple(range(8))[3:],
+                              msg='allow for string slice if `is_user_input`')
+        self.assertCountEqual(traverse_obj(_IS_USER_INPUT_DATA, ('range8', ':4:2'),
+                                           is_user_input=True), tuple(range(8))[:4:2],
+                              msg='allow step in string slice if `is_user_input`')
+        self.assertCountEqual(traverse_obj(_IS_USER_INPUT_DATA, ('range8', ':'),
+                                           is_user_input=True), range(8),
+                              msg='`:` should be treated as `...` if `is_user_input`')
+        with self.assertRaises(TypeError, msg='too many params should result in error'):
+            traverse_obj(_IS_USER_INPUT_DATA, ('range8', ':::'), is_user_input=True)
+
+        # Test re.Match as input obj
+        mobj = re.fullmatch(r'0(12)(?P<group>3)(4)?', '0123')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(mobj, ...), [x for x in mobj.groups() if x is not None],
+                         msg='`...` on a `re.Match` should give its `groups()`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(mobj, lambda k, _: k in (0, 2)), ['0123', '3'],
+                         msg='function on a `re.Match` should give groupno, value starting at 0')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(mobj, 'group'), '3',
+                         msg='str key on a `re.Match` should give group with that name')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(mobj, 2), '3',
+                         msg='int key on a `re.Match` should give group with that name')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(mobj, 'gRoUp', casesense=False), '3',
+                         msg='str key on a `re.Match` should respect casesense')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(mobj, 'fail'), None,
+                         msg='failing str key on a `re.Match` should return `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(mobj, 'gRoUpS', casesense=False), None,
+                         msg='failing str key on a `re.Match` should return `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(mobj, 8), None,
+                         msg='failing int key on a `re.Match` should return `default`')
+        self.assertEqual(traverse_obj(mobj, lambda k, _: k in (0, 'group')), ['0123', '3'],
+                         msg='function on a `re.Match` should give group name as well')
+
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()
diff --git a/test/test_youtube_lists.py b/test/test_youtube_lists.py
index c2dd0ac308..b3f323e21e 100644
--- a/test/test_youtube_lists.py
+++ b/test/test_youtube_lists.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
 
 from test.helper import FakeYDL, is_download_test
 from yt_dlp.extractor import YoutubeIE, YoutubeTabIE
+from yt_dlp.utils import ExtractorError
 
 
 @is_download_test
@@ -53,6 +54,18 @@ class TestYoutubeLists(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(video['duration'], 10)
         self.assertEqual(video['uploader'], 'Philipp Hagemeister')
 
+    def test_youtube_channel_no_uploads(self):
+        dl = FakeYDL()
+        dl.params['extract_flat'] = True
+        ie = YoutubeTabIE(dl)
+        # no uploads
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ExtractorError, r'no uploads'):
+            ie.extract('https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2yXPzFejc422buOIzn_0CA')
+
+        # no uploads and no UCID given
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ExtractorError, r'no uploads'):
+            ie.extract('https://www.youtube.com/news')
+
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()
diff --git a/test/test_youtube_signature.py b/test/test_youtube_signature.py
index c3dcb4d68f..336e80291f 100644
--- a/test/test_youtube_signature.py
+++ b/test/test_youtube_signature.py
@@ -66,6 +66,10 @@ _SIG_TESTS = [
 ]
 
 _NSIG_TESTS = [
+    (
+        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/7862ca1f/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
+        'X_LCxVDjAavgE5t', 'yxJ1dM6iz5ogUg',
+    ),
     (
         'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/9216d1f7/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
         'SLp9F5bwjAdhE9F-', 'gWnb9IK2DJ8Q1w',
@@ -130,6 +134,14 @@ _NSIG_TESTS = [
         'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/5a3b6271/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
         'B2j7f_UPT4rfje85Lu_e', 'm5DmNymaGQ5RdQ',
     ),
+    (
+        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/7a062b77/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
+        'NRcE3y3mVtm_cV-W', 'VbsCYUATvqlt5w',
+    ),
+    (
+        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/dac945fd/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
+        'o8BkRxXhuYsBCWi6RplPdP', '3Lx32v_hmzTm6A',
+    ),
 ]
 
 
diff --git a/test/testdata/ism/ec-3_test.Manifest b/test/testdata/ism/ec-3_test.Manifest
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..45f95de73f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/testdata/ism/ec-3_test.Manifest
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!--Transformed by VSMT using XSL stylesheet for rule Identity--><!-- Created with Unified Streaming Platform (version=1.10.12-18737) --><SmoothStreamingMedia MajorVersion="2" MinorVersion="0" TimeScale="10000000" Duration="370000000"><StreamIndex Type="audio" QualityLevels="1" TimeScale="10000000" Language="deu" Name="audio_deu" Chunks="19" Url="QualityLevels({bitrate})/Fragments(audio_deu={start time})?noStreamProfile=1"><QualityLevel Index="0" Bitrate="127802" CodecPrivateData="1190" SamplingRate="48000" Channels="2" BitsPerSample="16" PacketSize="4" AudioTag="255" FourCC="AACL" /><c t="0" d="20053333" /><c d="20053334" /><c d="20053333" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20053333" /><c d="20053334" /><c d="20053333" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20053333" /><c d="20053334" /><c d="20053333" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20053333" /><c d="20053334" /><c d="20053333" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20053333" /><c d="20053334" /><c d="7253333" /></StreamIndex><StreamIndex Type="audio" QualityLevels="1" TimeScale="10000000" Language="deu" Name="audio_deu_1" Chunks="19" Url="QualityLevels({bitrate})/Fragments(audio_deu_1={start time})?noStreamProfile=1"><QualityLevel Index="0" Bitrate="224000" CodecPrivateData="00063F000000AF87FBA7022DFB42A4D405CD93843BDD0700200F00" FourCCData="0700200F00" SamplingRate="48000" Channels="6" BitsPerSample="16" PacketSize="896" AudioTag="65534" FourCC="EC-3" /><c t="0" d="20160000" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20160000" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20160000" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20160000" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20160000" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20160000" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20160000" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20160000" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="20160000" /><c d="19840000" /><c d="8320000" /></StreamIndex><StreamIndex Type="video" QualityLevels="8" TimeScale="10000000" Language="deu" Name="video_deu" Chunks="19" Url="QualityLevels({bitrate})/Fragments(video_deu={start time})?noStreamProfile=1" MaxWidth="1920" MaxHeight="1080" DisplayWidth="1920" DisplayHeight="1080"><QualityLevel Index="0" Bitrate="23909" CodecPrivateData="000000016742C00CDB06077E5C05A808080A00000300020000030009C0C02EE0177CC6300F142AE00000000168CA8DC8" MaxWidth="384" MaxHeight="216" FourCC="AVC1" /><QualityLevel Index="1" Bitrate="403188" CodecPrivateData="00000001674D4014E98323B602D4040405000003000100000300320F1429380000000168EAECF2" MaxWidth="400" MaxHeight="224" FourCC="AVC1" /><QualityLevel Index="2" Bitrate="680365" CodecPrivateData="00000001674D401EE981405FF2E02D4040405000000300100000030320F162D3800000000168EAECF2" MaxWidth="640" MaxHeight="360" FourCC="AVC1" /><QualityLevel Index="3" Bitrate="1253465" CodecPrivateData="00000001674D401EE981405FF2E02D4040405000000300100000030320F162D3800000000168EAECF2" MaxWidth="640" MaxHeight="360" FourCC="AVC1" /><QualityLevel Index="4" Bitrate="2121558" CodecPrivateData="00000001674D401EECA0601BD80B50101014000003000400000300C83C58B6580000000168E93B3C80" MaxWidth="768" MaxHeight="432" FourCC="AVC1" /><QualityLevel Index="5" Bitrate="3275545" CodecPrivateData="00000001674D4020ECA02802DD80B501010140000003004000000C83C60C65800000000168E93B3C80" MaxWidth="1280" MaxHeight="720" FourCC="AVC1" /><QualityLevel Index="6" Bitrate="5300196" CodecPrivateData="00000001674D4028ECA03C0113F2E02D4040405000000300100000030320F18319600000000168E93B3C80" MaxWidth="1920" MaxHeight="1080" FourCC="AVC1" /><QualityLevel Index="7" Bitrate="8079312" CodecPrivateData="00000001674D4028ECA03C0113F2E02D4040405000000300100000030320F18319600000000168E93B3C80" MaxWidth="1920" MaxHeight="1080" FourCC="AVC1" /><c t="0" d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="20000000" /><c d="10000000" /></StreamIndex></SmoothStreamingMedia>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/_ignore.py b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/_ignore.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..57faf75bbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/_ignore.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class IgnorePluginIE(InfoExtractor):
+    pass
diff --git a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/ignore.py b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/ignore.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..816a16aa20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/ignore.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class IgnoreNotInAllPluginIE(InfoExtractor):
+    pass
+
+
+class InAllPluginIE(InfoExtractor):
+    pass
+
+
+__all__ = ['InAllPluginIE']
diff --git a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/normal.py b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/normal.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b09009bdc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/normal.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class NormalPluginIE(InfoExtractor):
+    pass
+
+
+class _IgnoreUnderscorePluginIE(InfoExtractor):
+    pass
diff --git a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/postprocessor/normal.py b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/postprocessor/normal.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..315b85a488
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/postprocessor/normal.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from yt_dlp.postprocessor.common import PostProcessor
+
+
+class NormalPluginPP(PostProcessor):
+    pass
diff --git a/test/testdata/zipped_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/zipped.py b/test/testdata/zipped_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/zipped.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..01542e0d8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/testdata/zipped_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/zipped.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class ZippedPluginIE(InfoExtractor):
+    pass
diff --git a/test/testdata/zipped_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/postprocessor/zipped.py b/test/testdata/zipped_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/postprocessor/zipped.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..223822bd6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/testdata/zipped_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/postprocessor/zipped.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from yt_dlp.postprocessor.common import PostProcessor
+
+
+class ZippedPluginPP(PostProcessor):
+    pass
diff --git a/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py b/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
index 3b6281066b..f701738c96 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@ from .extractor import gen_extractor_classes, get_info_extractor
 from .extractor.common import UnsupportedURLIE
 from .extractor.openload import PhantomJSwrapper
 from .minicurses import format_text
-from .postprocessor import _PLUGIN_CLASSES as plugin_postprocessors
+from .plugins import directories as plugin_directories
+from .postprocessor import _PLUGIN_CLASSES as plugin_pps
 from .postprocessor import (
     EmbedThumbnailPP,
     FFmpegFixupDuplicateMoovPP,
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ from .utils import (
     EntryNotInPlaylist,
     ExistingVideoReached,
     ExtractorError,
+    FormatSorter,
     GeoRestrictedError,
     HEADRequest,
     ISO3166Utils,
@@ -148,7 +150,7 @@ from .utils import (
     write_json_file,
     write_string,
 )
-from .version import RELEASE_GIT_HEAD, VARIANT, __version__
+from .version import CHANNEL, RELEASE_GIT_HEAD, VARIANT, __version__
 
 if compat_os_name == 'nt':
     import ctypes
@@ -298,8 +300,6 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                        Videos already present in the file are not downloaded again.
     break_on_existing: Stop the download process after attempting to download a
                        file that is in the archive.
-    break_on_reject:   Stop the download process when encountering a video that
-                       has been filtered out.
     break_per_url:     Whether break_on_reject and break_on_existing
                        should act on each input URL as opposed to for the entire queue
     cookiefile:        File name or text stream from where cookies should be read and dumped to
@@ -316,6 +316,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                         If not provided and the key is encrypted, yt-dlp will ask interactively
     prefer_insecure:   Use HTTP instead of HTTPS to retrieve information.
                        (Only supported by some extractors)
+    enable_file_urls:  Enable file:// URLs. This is disabled by default for security reasons.
     http_headers:      A dictionary of custom headers to be used for all requests
     proxy:             URL of the proxy server to use
     geo_verification_proxy:  URL of the proxy to use for IP address verification
@@ -411,6 +412,8 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                        - If it returns None, the video is downloaded.
                        - If it returns utils.NO_DEFAULT, the user is interactively
                          asked whether to download the video.
+                       - Raise utils.DownloadCancelled(msg) to abort remaining
+                         downloads when a video is rejected.
                        match_filter_func in utils.py is one example for this.
     no_color:          Do not emit color codes in output.
     geo_bypass:        Bypass geographic restriction via faking X-Forwarded-For
@@ -480,6 +483,9 @@ class YoutubeDL:
 
     The following options are deprecated and may be removed in the future:
 
+    break_on_reject:   Stop the download process when encountering a video that
+                       has been filtered out.
+                       - `raise DownloadCancelled(msg)` in match_filter instead
     force_generic_extractor: Force downloader to use the generic extractor
                        - Use allowed_extractors = ['generic', 'default']
     playliststart:     - Use playlist_items
@@ -547,11 +553,11 @@ class YoutubeDL:
     _format_fields = {
         # NB: Keep in sync with the docstring of extractor/common.py
         'url', 'manifest_url', 'manifest_stream_number', 'ext', 'format', 'format_id', 'format_note',
-        'width', 'height', 'resolution', 'dynamic_range', 'tbr', 'abr', 'acodec', 'asr', 'audio_channels',
-        'vbr', 'fps', 'vcodec', 'container', 'filesize', 'filesize_approx',
+        'width', 'height', 'aspect_ratio', 'resolution', 'dynamic_range', 'tbr', 'abr', 'acodec', 'asr', 'audio_channels',
+        'vbr', 'fps', 'vcodec', 'container', 'filesize', 'filesize_approx', 'rows', 'columns',
         'player_url', 'protocol', 'fragment_base_url', 'fragments', 'is_from_start',
         'preference', 'language', 'language_preference', 'quality', 'source_preference',
-        'http_headers', 'stretched_ratio', 'no_resume', 'has_drm', 'downloader_options',
+        'http_headers', 'stretched_ratio', 'no_resume', 'has_drm', 'extra_param_to_segment_url', 'hls_aes', 'downloader_options',
         'page_url', 'app', 'play_path', 'tc_url', 'flash_version', 'rtmp_live', 'rtmp_conn', 'rtmp_protocol', 'rtmp_real_time'
     }
     _format_selection_exts = {
@@ -583,7 +589,6 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         self._playlist_urls = set()
         self.cache = Cache(self)
 
-        windows_enable_vt_mode()
         stdout = sys.stderr if self.params.get('logtostderr') else sys.stdout
         self._out_files = Namespace(
             out=stdout,
@@ -592,6 +597,12 @@ class YoutubeDL:
             console=None if compat_os_name == 'nt' else next(
                 filter(supports_terminal_sequences, (sys.stderr, sys.stdout)), None)
         )
+
+        try:
+            windows_enable_vt_mode()
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.write_debug(f'Failed to enable VT mode: {e}')
+
         self._allow_colors = Namespace(**{
             type_: not self.params.get('no_color') and supports_terminal_sequences(stream)
             for type_, stream in self._out_files.items_ if type_ != 'console'
@@ -606,7 +617,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                    '\n                    You will no longer receive updates on this version')
             if current_version < MIN_SUPPORTED:
                 msg = 'Python version %d.%d is no longer supported'
-            self.deprecation_warning(
+            self.deprecated_feature(
                 f'{msg}! Please update to Python %d.%d or above' % (*current_version, *MIN_RECOMMENDED))
 
         if self.params.get('allow_unplayable_formats'):
@@ -616,46 +627,6 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 '         If you experience any issues while using this option, '
                 f'{self._format_err("DO NOT", self.Styles.ERROR)} open a bug report')
 
-        def check_deprecated(param, option, suggestion):
-            if self.params.get(param) is not None:
-                self.report_warning(f'{option} is deprecated. Use {suggestion} instead')
-                return True
-            return False
-
-        if check_deprecated('cn_verification_proxy', '--cn-verification-proxy', '--geo-verification-proxy'):
-            if self.params.get('geo_verification_proxy') is None:
-                self.params['geo_verification_proxy'] = self.params['cn_verification_proxy']
-
-        check_deprecated('autonumber', '--auto-number', '-o "%(autonumber)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s"')
-        check_deprecated('usetitle', '--title', '-o "%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"')
-        check_deprecated('useid', '--id', '-o "%(id)s.%(ext)s"')
-
-        for msg in self.params.get('_warnings', []):
-            self.report_warning(msg)
-        for msg in self.params.get('_deprecation_warnings', []):
-            self.deprecated_feature(msg)
-
-        self.params['compat_opts'] = set(self.params.get('compat_opts', ()))
-        if 'list-formats' in self.params['compat_opts']:
-            self.params['listformats_table'] = False
-
-        if 'overwrites' not in self.params and self.params.get('nooverwrites') is not None:
-            # nooverwrites was unnecessarily changed to overwrites
-            # in 0c3d0f51778b153f65c21906031c2e091fcfb641
-            # This ensures compatibility with both keys
-            self.params['overwrites'] = not self.params['nooverwrites']
-        elif self.params.get('overwrites') is None:
-            self.params.pop('overwrites', None)
-        else:
-            self.params['nooverwrites'] = not self.params['overwrites']
-
-        self.params.setdefault('forceprint', {})
-        self.params.setdefault('print_to_file', {})
-
-        # Compatibility with older syntax
-        if not isinstance(params['forceprint'], dict):
-            self.params['forceprint'] = {'video': params['forceprint']}
-
         if self.params.get('bidi_workaround', False):
             try:
                 import pty
@@ -676,9 +647,57 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 else:
                     raise
 
+        self.params['compat_opts'] = set(self.params.get('compat_opts', ()))
+        if auto_init and auto_init != 'no_verbose_header':
+            self.print_debug_header()
+
+        def check_deprecated(param, option, suggestion):
+            if self.params.get(param) is not None:
+                self.report_warning(f'{option} is deprecated. Use {suggestion} instead')
+                return True
+            return False
+
+        if check_deprecated('cn_verification_proxy', '--cn-verification-proxy', '--geo-verification-proxy'):
+            if self.params.get('geo_verification_proxy') is None:
+                self.params['geo_verification_proxy'] = self.params['cn_verification_proxy']
+
+        check_deprecated('autonumber', '--auto-number', '-o "%(autonumber)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s"')
+        check_deprecated('usetitle', '--title', '-o "%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"')
+        check_deprecated('useid', '--id', '-o "%(id)s.%(ext)s"')
+
+        for msg in self.params.get('_warnings', []):
+            self.report_warning(msg)
+        for msg in self.params.get('_deprecation_warnings', []):
+            self.deprecated_feature(msg)
+
+        if 'list-formats' in self.params['compat_opts']:
+            self.params['listformats_table'] = False
+
+        if 'overwrites' not in self.params and self.params.get('nooverwrites') is not None:
+            # nooverwrites was unnecessarily changed to overwrites
+            # in 0c3d0f51778b153f65c21906031c2e091fcfb641
+            # This ensures compatibility with both keys
+            self.params['overwrites'] = not self.params['nooverwrites']
+        elif self.params.get('overwrites') is None:
+            self.params.pop('overwrites', None)
+        else:
+            self.params['nooverwrites'] = not self.params['overwrites']
+
+        if self.params.get('simulate') is None and any((
+            self.params.get('list_thumbnails'),
+            self.params.get('listformats'),
+            self.params.get('listsubtitles'),
+        )):
+            self.params['simulate'] = 'list_only'
+
+        self.params.setdefault('forceprint', {})
+        self.params.setdefault('print_to_file', {})
+
+        # Compatibility with older syntax
+        if not isinstance(params['forceprint'], dict):
+            self.params['forceprint'] = {'video': params['forceprint']}
+
         if auto_init:
-            if auto_init != 'no_verbose_header':
-                self.print_debug_header()
             self.add_default_info_extractors()
 
         if (sys.platform != 'win32'
@@ -846,7 +865,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                                      'Use "YoutubeDL.to_screen" instead')
         self._write_string(f'{self._bidi_workaround(message)}\n', self._out_files.out)
 
-    def to_screen(self, message, skip_eol=False, quiet=None):
+    def to_screen(self, message, skip_eol=False, quiet=None, only_once=False):
         """Print message to screen if not in quiet mode"""
         if self.params.get('logger'):
             self.params['logger'].debug(message)
@@ -855,7 +874,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
             return
         self._write_string(
             '%s%s' % (self._bidi_workaround(message), ('' if skip_eol else '\n')),
-            self._out_files.screen)
+            self._out_files.screen, only_once=only_once)
 
     def to_stderr(self, message, only_once=False):
         """Print message to stderr"""
@@ -1059,7 +1078,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         # correspondingly that is not what we want since we need to keep
         # '%%' intact for template dict substitution step. Working around
         # with boundary-alike separator hack.
-        sep = ''.join([random.choice(ascii_letters) for _ in range(32)])
+        sep = ''.join(random.choices(ascii_letters, k=32))
         outtmpl = outtmpl.replace('%%', f'%{sep}%').replace('$$', f'${sep}$')
 
         # outtmpl should be expand_path'ed before template dict substitution
@@ -1249,7 +1268,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
             elif fmt[-1] == 'j':  # json
                 value, fmt = json.dumps(
                     value, default=_dumpjson_default,
-                    indent=4 if '#' in flags else None, ensure_ascii=False), str_fmt
+                    indent=4 if '#' in flags else None, ensure_ascii='+' not in flags), str_fmt
             elif fmt[-1] == 'h':  # html
                 value, fmt = escapeHTML(str(value)), str_fmt
             elif fmt[-1] == 'q':  # quoted
@@ -1349,11 +1368,19 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         return self.get_output_path(dir_type, filename)
 
     def _match_entry(self, info_dict, incomplete=False, silent=False):
-        """ Returns None if the file should be downloaded """
+        """Returns None if the file should be downloaded"""
+        _type = info_dict.get('_type', 'video')
+        assert incomplete or _type == 'video', 'Only video result can be considered complete'
 
         video_title = info_dict.get('title', info_dict.get('id', 'entry'))
 
         def check_filter():
+            if _type in ('playlist', 'multi_video'):
+                return
+            elif _type in ('url', 'url_transparent') and not try_call(
+                    lambda: self.get_info_extractor(info_dict['ie_key']).is_single_video(info_dict['url'])):
+                return
+
             if 'title' in info_dict:
                 # This can happen when we're just evaluating the playlist
                 title = info_dict['title']
@@ -1365,6 +1392,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 if rejecttitle:
                     if re.search(rejecttitle, title, re.IGNORECASE):
                         return '"' + title + '" title matched reject pattern "' + rejecttitle + '"'
+
             date = info_dict.get('upload_date')
             if date is not None:
                 dateRange = self.params.get('daterange', DateRange())
@@ -1382,31 +1410,44 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 return 'Skipping "%s" because it is age restricted' % video_title
 
             match_filter = self.params.get('match_filter')
-            if match_filter is not None:
+            if match_filter is None:
+                return None
+
+            cancelled = None
+            try:
                 try:
                     ret = match_filter(info_dict, incomplete=incomplete)
                 except TypeError:
                     # For backward compatibility
                     ret = None if incomplete else match_filter(info_dict)
-                if ret is NO_DEFAULT:
-                    while True:
-                        filename = self._format_screen(self.prepare_filename(info_dict), self.Styles.FILENAME)
-                        reply = input(self._format_screen(
-                            f'Download "{filename}"? (Y/n): ', self.Styles.EMPHASIS)).lower().strip()
-                        if reply in {'y', ''}:
-                            return None
-                        elif reply == 'n':
-                            return f'Skipping {video_title}'
-                elif ret is not None:
-                    return ret
-            return None
+            except DownloadCancelled as err:
+                if err.msg is not NO_DEFAULT:
+                    raise
+                ret, cancelled = err.msg, err
+
+            if ret is NO_DEFAULT:
+                while True:
+                    filename = self._format_screen(self.prepare_filename(info_dict), self.Styles.FILENAME)
+                    reply = input(self._format_screen(
+                        f'Download "{filename}"? (Y/n): ', self.Styles.EMPHASIS)).lower().strip()
+                    if reply in {'y', ''}:
+                        return None
+                    elif reply == 'n':
+                        if cancelled:
+                            raise type(cancelled)(f'Skipping {video_title}')
+                        return f'Skipping {video_title}'
+            return ret
 
         if self.in_download_archive(info_dict):
             reason = '%s has already been recorded in the archive' % video_title
             break_opt, break_err = 'break_on_existing', ExistingVideoReached
         else:
-            reason = check_filter()
-            break_opt, break_err = 'break_on_reject', RejectedVideoReached
+            try:
+                reason = check_filter()
+            except DownloadCancelled as e:
+                reason, break_opt, break_err = e.msg, 'match_filter', type(e)
+            else:
+                break_opt, break_err = 'break_on_reject', RejectedVideoReached
         if reason is not None:
             if not silent:
                 self.to_screen('[download] ' + reason)
@@ -1608,8 +1649,8 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         if result_type in ('url', 'url_transparent'):
             ie_result['url'] = sanitize_url(
                 ie_result['url'], scheme='http' if self.params.get('prefer_insecure') else 'https')
-            if ie_result.get('original_url'):
-                extra_info.setdefault('original_url', ie_result['original_url'])
+            if ie_result.get('original_url') and not extra_info.get('original_url'):
+                extra_info = {'original_url': ie_result['original_url'], **extra_info}
 
             extract_flat = self.params.get('extract_flat', False)
             if ((extract_flat == 'in_playlist' and 'playlist' in extra_info)
@@ -1621,6 +1662,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 self.add_default_extra_info(info_copy, ie, ie_result['url'])
                 self.add_extra_info(info_copy, extra_info)
                 info_copy, _ = self.pre_process(info_copy)
+                self._fill_common_fields(info_copy, False)
                 self.__forced_printings(info_copy, self.prepare_filename(info_copy), incomplete=True)
                 self._raise_pending_errors(info_copy)
                 if self.params.get('force_write_download_archive', False):
@@ -1687,8 +1729,8 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         elif result_type in ('playlist', 'multi_video'):
             # Protect from infinite recursion due to recursively nested playlists
             # (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/27833)
-            webpage_url = ie_result['webpage_url']
-            if webpage_url in self._playlist_urls:
+            webpage_url = ie_result.get('webpage_url')  # Playlists maynot have webpage_url
+            if webpage_url and webpage_url in self._playlist_urls:
                 self.to_screen(
                     '[download] Skipping already downloaded playlist: %s'
                     % ie_result.get('title') or ie_result.get('id'))
@@ -1742,14 +1784,17 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         }
         if strict:
             return info
+        if ie_result.get('webpage_url'):
+            info.update({
+                'webpage_url': ie_result['webpage_url'],
+                'webpage_url_basename': url_basename(ie_result['webpage_url']),
+                'webpage_url_domain': get_domain(ie_result['webpage_url']),
+            })
         return {
             **info,
             'playlist_index': 0,
-            '__last_playlist_index': max(ie_result['requested_entries'] or (0, 0)),
+            '__last_playlist_index': max(ie_result.get('requested_entries') or (0, 0)),
             'extractor': ie_result['extractor'],
-            'webpage_url': ie_result['webpage_url'],
-            'webpage_url_basename': url_basename(ie_result['webpage_url']),
-            'webpage_url_domain': get_domain(ie_result['webpage_url']),
             'extractor_key': ie_result['extractor_key'],
         }
 
@@ -1804,7 +1849,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         elif self.params.get('playlistrandom'):
             random.shuffle(entries)
 
-        self.to_screen(f'[{ie_result["extractor"]}] Playlist {title}: Downloading {n_entries} videos'
+        self.to_screen(f'[{ie_result["extractor"]}] Playlist {title}: Downloading {n_entries} items'
                        f'{format_field(ie_result, "playlist_count", " of %s")}')
 
         keep_resolved_entries = self.params.get('extract_flat') != 'discard'
@@ -1837,14 +1882,13 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 resolved_entries[i] = (playlist_index, NO_DEFAULT)
                 continue
 
-            self.to_screen('[download] Downloading video %s of %s' % (
+            self.to_screen('[download] Downloading item %s of %s' % (
                 self._format_screen(i + 1, self.Styles.ID), self._format_screen(n_entries, self.Styles.EMPHASIS)))
 
-            extra.update({
+            entry_result = self.__process_iterable_entry(entry, download, collections.ChainMap({
                 'playlist_index': playlist_index,
                 'playlist_autonumber': i + 1,
-            })
-            entry_result = self.__process_iterable_entry(entry, download, extra)
+            }, extra))
             if not entry_result:
                 failures += 1
             if failures >= max_failures:
@@ -1855,8 +1899,11 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 resolved_entries[i] = (playlist_index, entry_result)
 
         # Update with processed data
-        ie_result['requested_entries'] = [i for i, e in resolved_entries if e is not NO_DEFAULT]
         ie_result['entries'] = [e for _, e in resolved_entries if e is not NO_DEFAULT]
+        ie_result['requested_entries'] = [i for i, e in resolved_entries if e is not NO_DEFAULT]
+        if ie_result['requested_entries'] == try_call(lambda: list(range(1, ie_result['playlist_count'] + 1))):
+            # Do not set for full playlist
+            ie_result.pop('requested_entries')
 
         # Write the updated info to json
         if _infojson_written is True and self._write_info_json(
@@ -2162,6 +2209,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                     'vcodec': the_only_video.get('vcodec'),
                     'vbr': the_only_video.get('vbr'),
                     'stretched_ratio': the_only_video.get('stretched_ratio'),
+                    'aspect_ratio': the_only_video.get('aspect_ratio'),
                 })
 
             if the_only_audio:
@@ -2376,15 +2424,10 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         else:
             info_dict['thumbnails'] = thumbnails
 
-    def _fill_common_fields(self, info_dict, is_video=True):
+    def _fill_common_fields(self, info_dict, final=True):
         # TODO: move sanitization here
-        if is_video:
-            # playlists are allowed to lack "title"
-            title = info_dict.get('title', NO_DEFAULT)
-            if title is NO_DEFAULT:
-                raise ExtractorError('Missing "title" field in extractor result',
-                                     video_id=info_dict['id'], ie=info_dict['extractor'])
-            info_dict['fulltitle'] = title
+        if final:
+            title = info_dict['fulltitle'] = info_dict.get('title')
             if not title:
                 if title == '':
                     self.write_debug('Extractor gave empty title. Creating a generic title')
@@ -2423,11 +2466,13 @@ class YoutubeDL:
             for key in live_keys:
                 if info_dict.get(key) is None:
                     info_dict[key] = (live_status == key)
+        if live_status == 'post_live':
+            info_dict['was_live'] = True
 
         # Auto generate title fields corresponding to the *_number fields when missing
         # in order to always have clean titles. This is very common for TV series.
         for field in ('chapter', 'season', 'episode'):
-            if info_dict.get('%s_number' % field) is not None and not info_dict.get(field):
+            if final and info_dict.get('%s_number' % field) is not None and not info_dict.get(field):
                 info_dict[field] = '%s %d' % (field.capitalize(), info_dict['%s_number' % field])
 
     def _raise_pending_errors(self, info):
@@ -2435,6 +2480,11 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         if err:
             self.report_error(err, tb=False)
 
+    def sort_formats(self, info_dict):
+        formats = self._get_formats(info_dict)
+        formats.sort(key=FormatSorter(
+            self, info_dict.get('_format_sort_fields') or []).calculate_preference)
+
     def process_video_result(self, info_dict, download=True):
         assert info_dict.get('_type', 'video') == 'video'
         self._num_videos += 1
@@ -2520,11 +2570,12 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         info_dict['requested_subtitles'] = self.process_subtitles(
             info_dict['id'], subtitles, automatic_captions)
 
-        if info_dict.get('formats') is None:
-            # There's only one format available
-            formats = [info_dict]
-        else:
-            formats = info_dict['formats']
+        formats = self._get_formats(info_dict)
+
+        # Backward compatibility with InfoExtractor._sort_formats
+        field_preference = (formats or [{}])[0].pop('__sort_fields', None)
+        if field_preference:
+            info_dict['_format_sort_fields'] = field_preference
 
         # or None ensures --clean-infojson removes it
         info_dict['_has_drm'] = any(f.get('has_drm') for f in formats) or None
@@ -2563,22 +2614,43 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         if not formats:
             self.raise_no_formats(info_dict)
 
-        formats_dict = {}
-
-        # We check that all the formats have the format and format_id fields
-        for i, format in enumerate(formats):
+        for format in formats:
             sanitize_string_field(format, 'format_id')
             sanitize_numeric_fields(format)
             format['url'] = sanitize_url(format['url'])
+            if format.get('ext') is None:
+                format['ext'] = determine_ext(format['url']).lower()
+            if format.get('protocol') is None:
+                format['protocol'] = determine_protocol(format)
+            if format.get('resolution') is None:
+                format['resolution'] = self.format_resolution(format, default=None)
+            if format.get('dynamic_range') is None and format.get('vcodec') != 'none':
+                format['dynamic_range'] = 'SDR'
+            if format.get('aspect_ratio') is None:
+                format['aspect_ratio'] = try_call(lambda: round(format['width'] / format['height'], 2))
+            if (info_dict.get('duration') and format.get('tbr')
+                    and not format.get('filesize') and not format.get('filesize_approx')):
+                format['filesize_approx'] = int(info_dict['duration'] * format['tbr'] * (1024 / 8))
+            format['http_headers'] = self._calc_headers(collections.ChainMap(format, info_dict))
+
+        # This is copied to http_headers by the above _calc_headers and can now be removed
+        if '__x_forwarded_for_ip' in info_dict:
+            del info_dict['__x_forwarded_for_ip']
+
+        self.sort_formats({
+            'formats': formats,
+            '_format_sort_fields': info_dict.get('_format_sort_fields')
+        })
+
+        # Sanitize and group by format_id
+        formats_dict = {}
+        for i, format in enumerate(formats):
             if not format.get('format_id'):
                 format['format_id'] = str(i)
             else:
                 # Sanitize format_id from characters used in format selector expression
                 format['format_id'] = re.sub(r'[\s,/+\[\]()]', '_', format['format_id'])
-            format_id = format['format_id']
-            if format_id not in formats_dict:
-                formats_dict[format_id] = []
-            formats_dict[format_id].append(format)
+            formats_dict.setdefault(format['format_id'], []).append(format)
 
         # Make sure all formats have unique format_id
         common_exts = set(itertools.chain(*self._format_selection_exts.values()))
@@ -2587,38 +2659,17 @@ class YoutubeDL:
             for i, format in enumerate(ambiguous_formats):
                 if ambigious_id:
                     format['format_id'] = '%s-%d' % (format_id, i)
-                if format.get('ext') is None:
-                    format['ext'] = determine_ext(format['url']).lower()
                 # Ensure there is no conflict between id and ext in format selection
                 # See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/1282
                 if format['format_id'] != format['ext'] and format['format_id'] in common_exts:
                     format['format_id'] = 'f%s' % format['format_id']
 
-        for i, format in enumerate(formats):
-            if format.get('format') is None:
-                format['format'] = '{id} - {res}{note}'.format(
-                    id=format['format_id'],
-                    res=self.format_resolution(format),
-                    note=format_field(format, 'format_note', ' (%s)'),
-                )
-            if format.get('protocol') is None:
-                format['protocol'] = determine_protocol(format)
-            if format.get('resolution') is None:
-                format['resolution'] = self.format_resolution(format, default=None)
-            if format.get('dynamic_range') is None and format.get('vcodec') != 'none':
-                format['dynamic_range'] = 'SDR'
-            if (info_dict.get('duration') and format.get('tbr')
-                    and not format.get('filesize') and not format.get('filesize_approx')):
-                format['filesize_approx'] = int(info_dict['duration'] * format['tbr'] * (1024 / 8))
-
-            # Add HTTP headers, so that external programs can use them from the
-            # json output
-            full_format_info = info_dict.copy()
-            full_format_info.update(format)
-            format['http_headers'] = self._calc_headers(full_format_info)
-        # Remove private housekeeping stuff
-        if '__x_forwarded_for_ip' in info_dict:
-            del info_dict['__x_forwarded_for_ip']
+                if format.get('format') is None:
+                    format['format'] = '{id} - {res}{note}'.format(
+                        id=format['format_id'],
+                        res=self.format_resolution(format),
+                        note=format_field(format, 'format_note', ' (%s)'),
+                    )
 
         if self.params.get('check_formats') is True:
             formats = LazyList(self._check_formats(formats[::-1]), reverse=True)
@@ -2639,10 +2690,9 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         info_dict, _ = self.pre_process(info_dict, 'after_filter')
 
         # The pre-processors may have modified the formats
-        formats = info_dict.get('formats', [info_dict])
+        formats = self._get_formats(info_dict)
 
-        list_only = self.params.get('simulate') is None and (
-            self.params.get('list_thumbnails') or self.params.get('listformats') or self.params.get('listsubtitles'))
+        list_only = self.params.get('simulate') == 'list_only'
         interactive_format_selection = not list_only and self.format_selector == '-'
         if self.params.get('list_thumbnails'):
             self.list_thumbnails(info_dict)
@@ -2697,31 +2747,30 @@ class YoutubeDL:
             # Process what we can, even without any available formats.
             formats_to_download = [{}]
 
-        requested_ranges = self.params.get('download_ranges')
-        if requested_ranges:
-            requested_ranges = tuple(requested_ranges(info_dict, self))
-
+        requested_ranges = tuple(self.params.get('download_ranges', lambda *_: [{}])(info_dict, self))
         best_format, downloaded_formats = formats_to_download[-1], []
         if download:
-            if best_format:
+            if best_format and requested_ranges:
                 def to_screen(*msg):
                     self.to_screen(f'[info] {info_dict["id"]}: {" ".join(", ".join(variadic(m)) for m in msg)}')
 
                 to_screen(f'Downloading {len(formats_to_download)} format(s):',
                           (f['format_id'] for f in formats_to_download))
-                if requested_ranges:
+                if requested_ranges != ({}, ):
                     to_screen(f'Downloading {len(requested_ranges)} time ranges:',
-                              (f'{int(c["start_time"])}-{int(c["end_time"])}' for c in requested_ranges))
+                              (f'{c["start_time"]:.1f}-{c["end_time"]:.1f}' for c in requested_ranges))
             max_downloads_reached = False
 
-            for fmt, chapter in itertools.product(formats_to_download, requested_ranges or [{}]):
+            for fmt, chapter in itertools.product(formats_to_download, requested_ranges):
                 new_info = self._copy_infodict(info_dict)
                 new_info.update(fmt)
                 offset, duration = info_dict.get('section_start') or 0, info_dict.get('duration') or float('inf')
+                end_time = offset + min(chapter.get('end_time', duration), duration)
                 if chapter or offset:
                     new_info.update({
                         'section_start': offset + chapter.get('start_time', 0),
-                        'section_end': offset + min(chapter.get('end_time', duration), duration),
+                        # duration may not be accurate. So allow deviations <1sec
+                        'section_end': end_time if end_time <= offset + duration + 1 else None,
                         'section_title': chapter.get('title'),
                         'section_number': chapter.get('index'),
                     })
@@ -2777,10 +2826,14 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                     self.params.get('subtitleslangs'), {'all': all_sub_langs}, use_regex=True)
             except re.error as e:
                 raise ValueError(f'Wrong regex for subtitlelangs: {e.pattern}')
-        elif normal_sub_langs:
-            requested_langs = ['en'] if 'en' in normal_sub_langs else normal_sub_langs[:1]
         else:
-            requested_langs = ['en'] if 'en' in all_sub_langs else all_sub_langs[:1]
+            requested_langs = LazyList(itertools.chain(
+                ['en'] if 'en' in normal_sub_langs else [],
+                filter(lambda f: f.startswith('en'), normal_sub_langs),
+                ['en'] if 'en' in all_sub_langs else [],
+                filter(lambda f: f.startswith('en'), all_sub_langs),
+                normal_sub_langs, all_sub_langs,
+            ))[:1]
         if requested_langs:
             self.to_screen(f'[info] {video_id}: Downloading subtitles: {", ".join(requested_langs)}')
 
@@ -2935,14 +2988,22 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         if 'format' not in info_dict and 'ext' in info_dict:
             info_dict['format'] = info_dict['ext']
 
-        # This is mostly just for backward compatibility of process_info
-        # As a side-effect, this allows for format-specific filters
         if self._match_entry(info_dict) is not None:
             info_dict['__write_download_archive'] = 'ignore'
             return
 
         # Does nothing under normal operation - for backward compatibility of process_info
         self.post_extract(info_dict)
+
+        def replace_info_dict(new_info):
+            nonlocal info_dict
+            if new_info == info_dict:
+                return
+            info_dict.clear()
+            info_dict.update(new_info)
+
+        new_info, _ = self.pre_process(info_dict, 'video')
+        replace_info_dict(new_info)
         self._num_downloads += 1
 
         # info_dict['_filename'] needs to be set for backward compatibility
@@ -3056,13 +3117,6 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                for link_type, should_write in write_links.items()):
             return
 
-        def replace_info_dict(new_info):
-            nonlocal info_dict
-            if new_info == info_dict:
-                return
-            info_dict.clear()
-            info_dict.update(new_info)
-
         new_info, files_to_move = self.pre_process(info_dict, 'before_dl', files_to_move)
         replace_info_dict(new_info)
 
@@ -3089,7 +3143,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 fd, success = None, True
                 if info_dict.get('protocol') or info_dict.get('url'):
                     fd = get_suitable_downloader(info_dict, self.params, to_stdout=temp_filename == '-')
-                    if fd is not FFmpegFD and (
+                    if fd is not FFmpegFD and 'no-direct-merge' not in self.params['compat_opts'] and (
                             info_dict.get('section_start') or info_dict.get('section_end')):
                         msg = ('This format cannot be partially downloaded' if FFmpegFD.available()
                                else 'You have requested downloading the video partially, but ffmpeg is not installed')
@@ -3354,6 +3408,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
             reject = lambda k, v: v is None or k.startswith('__') or k in {
                 'requested_downloads', 'requested_formats', 'requested_subtitles', 'requested_entries',
                 'entries', 'filepath', '_filename', 'infojson_filename', 'original_url', 'playlist_autonumber',
+                '_format_sort_fields',
             }
         else:
             reject = lambda k, v: False
@@ -3423,7 +3478,8 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         return infodict
 
     def run_all_pps(self, key, info, *, additional_pps=None):
-        self._forceprint(key, info)
+        if key != 'video':
+            self._forceprint(key, info)
         for pp in (additional_pps or []) + self._pps[key]:
             info = self.run_pp(pp, info)
         return info
@@ -3568,11 +3624,17 @@ class YoutubeDL:
             res += '~' + format_bytes(fdict['filesize_approx'])
         return res
 
-    def render_formats_table(self, info_dict):
-        if not info_dict.get('formats') and not info_dict.get('url'):
-            return None
+    def _get_formats(self, info_dict):
+        if info_dict.get('formats') is None:
+            if info_dict.get('url') and info_dict.get('_type', 'video') == 'video':
+                return [info_dict]
+            return []
+        return info_dict['formats']
 
-        formats = info_dict.get('formats', [info_dict])
+    def render_formats_table(self, info_dict):
+        formats = self._get_formats(info_dict)
+        if not formats:
+            return
         if not self.params.get('listformats_table', True) is not False:
             table = [
                 [
@@ -3580,7 +3642,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                     format_field(f, 'ext'),
                     self.format_resolution(f),
                     self._format_note(f)
-                ] for f in formats if f.get('preference') is None or f['preference'] >= -1000]
+                ] for f in formats if (f.get('preference') or 0) >= -1000]
             return render_table(['format code', 'extension', 'resolution', 'note'], table, extra_gap=1)
 
         def simplified_codec(f, field):
@@ -3619,6 +3681,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 format_field(f, 'asr', '\t%s', func=format_decimal_suffix),
                 join_nonempty(
                     self._format_out('UNSUPPORTED', 'light red') if f.get('ext') in ('f4f', 'f4m') else None,
+                    self._format_out('DRM', 'light red') if f.get('has_drm') else None,
                     format_field(f, 'language', '[%s]'),
                     join_nonempty(format_field(f, 'format_note'),
                                   format_field(f, 'container', ignore=(None, f.get('ext'))),
@@ -3639,7 +3702,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
             return None
         return render_table(
             self._list_format_headers('ID', 'Width', 'Height', 'URL'),
-            [[t.get('id'), t.get('width', 'unknown'), t.get('height', 'unknown'), t['url']] for t in thumbnails])
+            [[t.get('id'), t.get('width') or 'unknown', t.get('height') or 'unknown', t['url']] for t in thumbnails])
 
     def render_subtitles_table(self, video_id, subtitles):
         def _row(lang, formats):
@@ -3682,9 +3745,14 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         if not self.params.get('verbose'):
             return
 
+        from . import _IN_CLI  # Must be delayed import
+
         # These imports can be slow. So import them only as needed
         from .extractor.extractors import _LAZY_LOADER
-        from .extractor.extractors import _PLUGIN_CLASSES as plugin_extractors
+        from .extractor.extractors import (
+            _PLUGIN_CLASSES as plugin_ies,
+            _PLUGIN_OVERRIDES as plugin_ie_overrides
+        )
 
         def get_encoding(stream):
             ret = str(getattr(stream, 'encoding', 'missing (%s)' % type(stream).__name__))
@@ -3713,21 +3781,23 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         source = detect_variant()
         if VARIANT not in (None, 'pip'):
             source += '*'
+        klass = type(self)
         write_debug(join_nonempty(
             f'{"yt-dlp" if REPOSITORY == "yt-dlp/yt-dlp" else REPOSITORY} version',
-            __version__,
-            f'[{RELEASE_GIT_HEAD}]' if RELEASE_GIT_HEAD else '',
+            f'{CHANNEL}@{__version__}',
+            f'[{RELEASE_GIT_HEAD[:9]}]' if RELEASE_GIT_HEAD else '',
             '' if source == 'unknown' else f'({source})',
+            '' if _IN_CLI else 'API' if klass == YoutubeDL else f'API:{self.__module__}.{klass.__qualname__}',
             delim=' '))
+
+        if not _IN_CLI:
+            write_debug(f'params: {self.params}')
+
         if not _LAZY_LOADER:
             if os.environ.get('YTDLP_NO_LAZY_EXTRACTORS'):
                 write_debug('Lazy loading extractors is forcibly disabled')
             else:
                 write_debug('Lazy loading extractors is disabled')
-        if plugin_extractors or plugin_postprocessors:
-            write_debug('Plugins: %s' % [
-                '%s%s' % (klass.__name__, '' if klass.__name__ == name else f' as {name}')
-                for name, klass in itertools.chain(plugin_extractors.items(), plugin_postprocessors.items())])
         if self.params['compat_opts']:
             write_debug('Compatibility options: %s' % ', '.join(self.params['compat_opts']))
 
@@ -3761,6 +3831,21 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 proxy_map.update(handler.proxies)
         write_debug(f'Proxy map: {proxy_map}')
 
+        for plugin_type, plugins in {'Extractor': plugin_ies, 'Post-Processor': plugin_pps}.items():
+            display_list = ['%s%s' % (
+                klass.__name__, '' if klass.__name__ == name else f' as {name}')
+                for name, klass in plugins.items()]
+            if plugin_type == 'Extractor':
+                display_list.extend(f'{plugins[-1].IE_NAME.partition("+")[2]} ({parent.__name__})'
+                                    for parent, plugins in plugin_ie_overrides.items())
+            if not display_list:
+                continue
+            write_debug(f'{plugin_type} Plugins: {", ".join(sorted(display_list))}')
+
+        plugin_dirs = plugin_directories()
+        if plugin_dirs:
+            write_debug(f'Plugin directories: {plugin_dirs}')
+
         # Not implemented
         if False and self.params.get('call_home'):
             ipaddr = self.urlopen('https://yt-dl.org/ip').read().decode()
@@ -3810,9 +3895,12 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8227)
         file_handler = urllib.request.FileHandler()
 
-        def file_open(*args, **kwargs):
-            raise urllib.error.URLError('file:// scheme is explicitly disabled in yt-dlp for security reasons')
-        file_handler.file_open = file_open
+        if not self.params.get('enable_file_urls'):
+            def file_open(*args, **kwargs):
+                raise urllib.error.URLError(
+                    'file:// URLs are explicitly disabled in yt-dlp for security reasons. '
+                    'Use --enable-file-urls to enable at your own risk.')
+            file_handler.file_open = file_open
 
         opener = urllib.request.build_opener(
             proxy_handler, https_handler, cookie_processor, ydlh, redirect_handler, data_handler, file_handler)
@@ -3874,7 +3962,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         elif not self.params.get('overwrites', True) and os.path.exists(descfn):
             self.to_screen(f'[info] {label.title()} description is already present')
         elif ie_result.get('description') is None:
-            self.report_warning(f'There\'s no {label} description to write')
+            self.to_screen(f'[info] There\'s no {label} description to write')
             return False
         else:
             try:
@@ -3890,15 +3978,18 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         ''' Write subtitles to file and return list of (sub_filename, final_sub_filename); or None if error'''
         ret = []
         subtitles = info_dict.get('requested_subtitles')
-        if not subtitles or not (self.params.get('writesubtitles') or self.params.get('writeautomaticsub')):
+        if not (self.params.get('writesubtitles') or self.params.get('writeautomaticsub')):
             # subtitles download errors are already managed as troubles in relevant IE
             # that way it will silently go on when used with unsupporting IE
             return ret
-
+        elif not subtitles:
+            self.to_screen('[info] There\'s no subtitles for the requested languages')
+            return ret
         sub_filename_base = self.prepare_filename(info_dict, 'subtitle')
         if not sub_filename_base:
             self.to_screen('[info] Skipping writing video subtitles')
             return ret
+
         for sub_lang, sub_info in subtitles.items():
             sub_format = sub_info['ext']
             sub_filename = subtitles_filename(filename, sub_lang, sub_format, info_dict.get('ext'))
@@ -3945,6 +4036,9 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         thumbnails, ret = [], []
         if write_all or self.params.get('writethumbnail', False):
             thumbnails = info_dict.get('thumbnails') or []
+            if not thumbnails:
+                self.to_screen(f'[info] There\'s no {label} thumbnails to download')
+                return ret
         multiple = write_all and len(thumbnails) > 1
 
         if thumb_filename_base is None:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/__init__.py b/yt_dlp/__init__.py
index 356155fcdd..9ef31601c9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/__init__.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/__init__.py
@@ -16,11 +16,9 @@ import sys
 
 from .compat import compat_shlex_quote
 from .cookies import SUPPORTED_BROWSERS, SUPPORTED_KEYRINGS
-from .downloader import FileDownloader
 from .downloader.external import get_external_downloader
 from .extractor import list_extractor_classes
 from .extractor.adobepass import MSO_INFO
-from .extractor.common import InfoExtractor
 from .options import parseOpts
 from .postprocessor import (
     FFmpegExtractAudioPP,
@@ -40,6 +38,7 @@ from .utils import (
     DateRange,
     DownloadCancelled,
     DownloadError,
+    FormatSorter,
     GeoUtils,
     PlaylistEntries,
     SameFileError,
@@ -50,6 +49,7 @@ from .utils import (
     format_field,
     int_or_none,
     match_filter_func,
+    parse_bytes,
     parse_duration,
     preferredencoding,
     read_batch_urls,
@@ -91,12 +91,11 @@ def get_urls(urls, batchfile, verbose):
 
 
 def print_extractor_information(opts, urls):
-    # Importing GenericIE is currently slow since it imports other extractors
-    # TODO: Move this back to module level after generalization of embed detection
-    from .extractor.generic import GenericIE
-
     out = ''
     if opts.list_extractors:
+        # Importing GenericIE is currently slow since it imports YoutubeIE
+        from .extractor.generic import GenericIE
+
         urls = dict.fromkeys(urls, False)
         for ie in list_extractor_classes(opts.age_limit):
             out += ie.IE_NAME + (' (CURRENTLY BROKEN)' if not ie.working() else '') + '\n'
@@ -152,7 +151,7 @@ def set_compat_opts(opts):
         else:
             opts.embed_infojson = False
     if 'format-sort' in opts.compat_opts:
-        opts.format_sort.extend(InfoExtractor.FormatSort.ytdl_default)
+        opts.format_sort.extend(FormatSorter.ytdl_default)
     _video_multistreams_set = set_default_compat('multistreams', 'allow_multiple_video_streams', False, remove_compat=False)
     _audio_multistreams_set = set_default_compat('multistreams', 'allow_multiple_audio_streams', False, remove_compat=False)
     if _video_multistreams_set is False and _audio_multistreams_set is False:
@@ -227,7 +226,7 @@ def validate_options(opts):
 
     # Format sort
     for f in opts.format_sort:
-        validate_regex('format sorting', f, InfoExtractor.FormatSort.regex)
+        validate_regex('format sorting', f, FormatSorter.regex)
 
     # Postprocessor formats
     validate_regex('merge output format', opts.merge_output_format,
@@ -281,19 +280,19 @@ def validate_options(opts):
             raise ValueError(f'invalid {key} retry sleep expression {expr!r}')
 
     # Bytes
-    def parse_bytes(name, value):
+    def validate_bytes(name, value):
         if value is None:
             return None
-        numeric_limit = FileDownloader.parse_bytes(value)
+        numeric_limit = parse_bytes(value)
         validate(numeric_limit is not None, 'rate limit', value)
         return numeric_limit
 
-    opts.ratelimit = parse_bytes('rate limit', opts.ratelimit)
-    opts.throttledratelimit = parse_bytes('throttled rate limit', opts.throttledratelimit)
-    opts.min_filesize = parse_bytes('min filesize', opts.min_filesize)
-    opts.max_filesize = parse_bytes('max filesize', opts.max_filesize)
-    opts.buffersize = parse_bytes('buffer size', opts.buffersize)
-    opts.http_chunk_size = parse_bytes('http chunk size', opts.http_chunk_size)
+    opts.ratelimit = validate_bytes('rate limit', opts.ratelimit)
+    opts.throttledratelimit = validate_bytes('throttled rate limit', opts.throttledratelimit)
+    opts.min_filesize = validate_bytes('min filesize', opts.min_filesize)
+    opts.max_filesize = validate_bytes('max filesize', opts.max_filesize)
+    opts.buffersize = validate_bytes('buffer size', opts.buffersize)
+    opts.http_chunk_size = validate_bytes('http chunk size', opts.http_chunk_size)
 
     # Output templates
     def validate_outtmpl(tmpl, msg):
@@ -319,21 +318,18 @@ def validate_options(opts):
     if outtmpl_default == '':
         opts.skip_download = None
         del opts.outtmpl['default']
-    if outtmpl_default and not os.path.splitext(outtmpl_default)[1] and opts.extractaudio:
-        raise ValueError(
-            'Cannot download a video and extract audio into the same file! '
-            f'Use "{outtmpl_default}.%(ext)s" instead of "{outtmpl_default}" as the output template')
 
     def parse_chapters(name, value):
         chapters, ranges = [], []
+        parse_timestamp = lambda x: float('inf') if x in ('inf', 'infinite') else parse_duration(x)
         for regex in value or []:
             if regex.startswith('*'):
-                for range in regex[1:].split(','):
-                    dur = tuple(map(parse_duration, range.strip().split('-')))
-                    if len(dur) == 2 and all(t is not None for t in dur):
-                        ranges.append(dur)
-                    else:
-                        raise ValueError(f'invalid {name} time range "{regex}". Must be of the form *start-end')
+                for range_ in map(str.strip, regex[1:].split(',')):
+                    mobj = range_ != '-' and re.fullmatch(r'([^-]+)?\s*-\s*([^-]+)?', range_)
+                    dur = mobj and (parse_timestamp(mobj.group(1) or '0'), parse_timestamp(mobj.group(2) or 'inf'))
+                    if None in (dur or [None]):
+                        raise ValueError(f'invalid {name} time range "{regex}". Must be of the form "*start-end"')
+                    ranges.append(dur)
                 continue
             try:
                 chapters.append(re.compile(regex))
@@ -350,7 +346,7 @@ def validate_options(opts):
         mobj = re.fullmatch(r'''(?x)
             (?P<name>[^+:]+)
             (?:\s*\+\s*(?P<keyring>[^:]+))?
-            (?:\s*:\s*(?P<profile>.+?))?
+            (?:\s*:\s*(?!:)(?P<profile>.+?))?
             (?:\s*::\s*(?P<container>.+))?
         ''', opts.cookiesfrombrowser)
         if mobj is None:
@@ -386,10 +382,12 @@ def validate_options(opts):
                 raise ValueError(f'{cmd} is invalid; {err}')
             yield action
 
-    parse_metadata = opts.parse_metadata or []
     if opts.metafromtitle is not None:
-        parse_metadata.append('title:%s' % opts.metafromtitle)
-    opts.parse_metadata = list(itertools.chain(*map(metadataparser_actions, parse_metadata)))
+        opts.parse_metadata.setdefault('pre_process', []).append('title:%s' % opts.metafromtitle)
+    opts.parse_metadata = {
+        k: list(itertools.chain(*map(metadataparser_actions, v)))
+        for k, v in opts.parse_metadata.items()
+    }
 
     # Other options
     if opts.playlist_items is not None:
@@ -405,11 +403,14 @@ def validate_options(opts):
         except Exception:
             raise ValueError('unsupported geo-bypass country or ip-block')
 
-    opts.match_filter = match_filter_func(opts.match_filter)
+    opts.match_filter = match_filter_func(opts.match_filter, opts.breaking_match_filter)
 
     if opts.download_archive is not None:
         opts.download_archive = expand_path(opts.download_archive)
 
+    if opts.ffmpeg_location is not None:
+        opts.ffmpeg_location = expand_path(opts.ffmpeg_location)
+
     if opts.user_agent is not None:
         opts.headers.setdefault('User-Agent', opts.user_agent)
     if opts.referer is not None:
@@ -485,7 +486,7 @@ def validate_options(opts):
                     val1=opts.sponskrub and opts.sponskrub_cut)
 
     # Conflicts with --allow-unplayable-formats
-    report_conflict('--add-metadata', 'addmetadata')
+    report_conflict('--embed-metadata', 'addmetadata')
     report_conflict('--embed-chapters', 'addchapters')
     report_conflict('--embed-info-json', 'embed_infojson')
     report_conflict('--embed-subs', 'embedsubtitles')
@@ -558,11 +559,11 @@ def validate_options(opts):
 def get_postprocessors(opts):
     yield from opts.add_postprocessors
 
-    if opts.parse_metadata:
+    for when, actions in opts.parse_metadata.items():
         yield {
             'key': 'MetadataParser',
-            'actions': opts.parse_metadata,
-            'when': 'pre_process'
+            'actions': actions,
+            'when': when
         }
     sponsorblock_query = opts.sponsorblock_mark | opts.sponsorblock_remove
     if sponsorblock_query:
@@ -698,11 +699,12 @@ def parse_options(argv=None):
 
     postprocessors = list(get_postprocessors(opts))
 
-    print_only = bool(opts.forceprint) and all(k not in opts.forceprint for k in POSTPROCESS_WHEN[2:])
+    print_only = bool(opts.forceprint) and all(k not in opts.forceprint for k in POSTPROCESS_WHEN[3:])
     any_getting = any(getattr(opts, k) for k in (
         'dumpjson', 'dump_single_json', 'getdescription', 'getduration', 'getfilename',
         'getformat', 'getid', 'getthumbnail', 'gettitle', 'geturl'
     ))
+    opts.quiet = opts.quiet or any_getting or opts.print_json or bool(opts.forceprint)
 
     playlist_pps = [pp for pp in postprocessors if pp.get('when') == 'playlist']
     write_playlist_infojson = (opts.writeinfojson and not opts.clean_infojson
@@ -738,7 +740,7 @@ def parse_options(argv=None):
         'client_certificate': opts.client_certificate,
         'client_certificate_key': opts.client_certificate_key,
         'client_certificate_password': opts.client_certificate_password,
-        'quiet': opts.quiet or any_getting or opts.print_json or bool(opts.forceprint),
+        'quiet': opts.quiet,
         'no_warnings': opts.no_warnings,
         'forceurl': opts.geturl,
         'forcetitle': opts.gettitle,
@@ -850,6 +852,7 @@ def parse_options(argv=None):
         'legacyserverconnect': opts.legacy_server_connect,
         'nocheckcertificate': opts.no_check_certificate,
         'prefer_insecure': opts.prefer_insecure,
+        'enable_file_urls': opts.enable_file_urls,
         'http_headers': opts.headers,
         'proxy': opts.proxy,
         'socket_timeout': opts.socket_timeout,
@@ -928,7 +931,7 @@ def _real_main(argv=None):
         if opts.rm_cachedir:
             ydl.cache.remove()
 
-        updater = Updater(ydl)
+        updater = Updater(ydl, opts.update_self if isinstance(opts.update_self, str) else None)
         if opts.update_self and updater.update() and actual_use:
             if updater.cmd:
                 return updater.restart()
@@ -958,6 +961,8 @@ def _real_main(argv=None):
 
 
 def main(argv=None):
+    global _IN_CLI
+    _IN_CLI = True
     try:
         _exit(*variadic(_real_main(argv)))
     except DownloadError:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/__main__.py b/yt_dlp/__main__.py
index 895918c272..78701df8d3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/__main__.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/__main__.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 import sys
 
-if __package__ is None and not hasattr(sys, 'frozen'):
+if __package__ is None and not getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
     # direct call of __main__.py
     import os.path
     path = os.path.realpath(os.path.abspath(__file__))
@@ -14,5 +14,4 @@ if __package__ is None and not hasattr(sys, 'frozen'):
 import yt_dlp
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    yt_dlp._IN_CLI = True
     yt_dlp.main()
diff --git a/yt_dlp/__pyinstaller/__init__.py b/yt_dlp/__pyinstaller/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1c52aadf4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/__pyinstaller/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import os
+
+
+def get_hook_dirs():
+    return [os.path.dirname(__file__)]
diff --git a/yt_dlp/__pyinstaller/hook-yt_dlp.py b/yt_dlp/__pyinstaller/hook-yt_dlp.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..63dcdffe02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/__pyinstaller/hook-yt_dlp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import sys
+
+from PyInstaller.utils.hooks import collect_submodules
+
+
+def pycryptodome_module():
+    try:
+        import Cryptodome  # noqa: F401
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            import Crypto  # noqa: F401
+            print('WARNING: Using Crypto since Cryptodome is not available. '
+                  'Install with: pip install pycryptodomex', file=sys.stderr)
+            return 'Crypto'
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+    return 'Cryptodome'
+
+
+def get_hidden_imports():
+    yield 'yt_dlp.compat._legacy'
+    yield pycryptodome_module()
+    yield from collect_submodules('websockets')
+    # These are auto-detected, but explicitly add them just in case
+    yield from ('mutagen', 'brotli', 'certifi')
+
+
+hiddenimports = list(get_hidden_imports())
+print(f'Adding imports: {hiddenimports}')
+
+excludedimports = ['youtube_dl', 'youtube_dlc', 'test', 'ytdlp_plugins', 'devscripts']
diff --git a/yt_dlp/aes.py b/yt_dlp/aes.py
index b428c682bf..b3a383cd9c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/aes.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/aes.py
@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@ import base64
 from math import ceil
 
 from .compat import compat_ord
-from .dependencies import Cryptodome_AES
+from .dependencies import Cryptodome
 from .utils import bytes_to_intlist, intlist_to_bytes
 
-if Cryptodome_AES:
+if Cryptodome.AES:
     def aes_cbc_decrypt_bytes(data, key, iv):
         """ Decrypt bytes with AES-CBC using pycryptodome """
-        return Cryptodome_AES.new(key, Cryptodome_AES.MODE_CBC, iv).decrypt(data)
+        return Cryptodome.AES.new(key, Cryptodome.AES.MODE_CBC, iv).decrypt(data)
 
     def aes_gcm_decrypt_and_verify_bytes(data, key, tag, nonce):
         """ Decrypt bytes with AES-GCM using pycryptodome """
-        return Cryptodome_AES.new(key, Cryptodome_AES.MODE_GCM, nonce).decrypt_and_verify(data, tag)
+        return Cryptodome.AES.new(key, Cryptodome.AES.MODE_GCM, nonce).decrypt_and_verify(data, tag)
 
 else:
     def aes_cbc_decrypt_bytes(data, key, iv):
@@ -28,11 +28,23 @@ def aes_cbc_encrypt_bytes(data, key, iv, **kwargs):
     return intlist_to_bytes(aes_cbc_encrypt(*map(bytes_to_intlist, (data, key, iv)), **kwargs))
 
 
+BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES = 16
+
+
 def unpad_pkcs7(data):
     return data[:-compat_ord(data[-1])]
 
 
-BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES = 16
+def pkcs7_padding(data):
+    """
+    PKCS#7 padding
+
+    @param {int[]} data        cleartext
+    @returns {int[]}           padding data
+    """
+
+    remaining_length = BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES - len(data) % BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES
+    return data + [remaining_length] * remaining_length
 
 
 def pad_block(block, padding_mode):
@@ -64,7 +76,7 @@ def pad_block(block, padding_mode):
 
 def aes_ecb_encrypt(data, key, iv=None):
     """
-    Encrypt with aes in ECB mode
+    Encrypt with aes in ECB mode. Using PKCS#7 padding
 
     @param {int[]} data        cleartext
     @param {int[]} key         16/24/32-Byte cipher key
@@ -77,8 +89,7 @@ def aes_ecb_encrypt(data, key, iv=None):
     encrypted_data = []
     for i in range(block_count):
         block = data[i * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES: (i + 1) * BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES]
-        encrypted_data += aes_encrypt(block, expanded_key)
-    encrypted_data = encrypted_data[:len(data)]
+        encrypted_data += aes_encrypt(pkcs7_padding(block), expanded_key)
 
     return encrypted_data
 
@@ -551,5 +562,6 @@ __all__ = [
 
     'key_expansion',
     'pad_block',
+    'pkcs7_padding',
     'unpad_pkcs7',
 ]
diff --git a/yt_dlp/cache.py b/yt_dlp/cache.py
index 4f9fb78d37..9dd4f2f25b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/cache.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/cache.py
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import contextlib
-import errno
 import json
 import os
 import re
 import shutil
 import traceback
+import urllib.parse
 
 from .utils import expand_path, traverse_obj, version_tuple, write_json_file
 from .version import __version__
@@ -22,11 +22,9 @@ class Cache:
         return expand_path(res)
 
     def _get_cache_fn(self, section, key, dtype):
-        assert re.match(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+$', section), \
-            'invalid section %r' % section
-        assert re.match(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+$', key), 'invalid key %r' % key
-        return os.path.join(
-            self._get_root_dir(), section, f'{key}.{dtype}')
+        assert re.match(r'^[\w.-]+$', section), f'invalid section {section!r}'
+        key = urllib.parse.quote(key, safe='').replace('%', ',')  # encode non-ascii characters
+        return os.path.join(self._get_root_dir(), section, f'{key}.{dtype}')
 
     @property
     def enabled(self):
@@ -40,11 +38,7 @@ class Cache:
 
         fn = self._get_cache_fn(section, key, dtype)
         try:
-            try:
-                os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(fn))
-            except OSError as ose:
-                if ose.errno != errno.EEXIST:
-                    raise
+            os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(fn), exist_ok=True)
             self._ydl.write_debug(f'Saving {section}.{key} to cache')
             write_json_file({'yt-dlp_version': __version__, 'data': data}, fn)
         except Exception:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/compat/__init__.py b/yt_dlp/compat/__init__.py
index 6d85a6a1fb..c6c02541c2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/compat/__init__.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/compat/__init__.py
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ from .compat_utils import passthrough_module
 
 # XXX: Implement this the same way as other DeprecationWarnings without circular import
 passthrough_module(__name__, '._legacy', callback=lambda attr: warnings.warn(
-    DeprecationWarning(f'{__name__}.{attr} is deprecated'), stacklevel=3))
+    DeprecationWarning(f'{__name__}.{attr} is deprecated'), stacklevel=5))
 
 
 # HTMLParseError has been deprecated in Python 3.3 and removed in
 # Python 3.5. Introducing dummy exception for Python >3.5 for compatible
 # and uniform cross-version exception handling
-class compat_HTMLParseError(Exception):
+class compat_HTMLParseError(ValueError):
     pass
 
 
@@ -70,9 +70,3 @@ if compat_os_name in ('nt', 'ce'):
         return userhome + path[i:]
 else:
     compat_expanduser = os.path.expanduser
-
-
-# NB: Add modules that are imported dynamically here so that PyInstaller can find them
-# See https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller-hooks-contrib/issues/438
-if False:
-    from . import _legacy  # noqa: F401
diff --git a/yt_dlp/compat/_legacy.py b/yt_dlp/compat/_legacy.py
index 09259c9889..83bf869a80 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/compat/_legacy.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/compat/_legacy.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 """ Do not use! """
 
+import base64
 import collections
 import ctypes
 import getpass
@@ -29,10 +30,11 @@ from asyncio import run as compat_asyncio_run  # noqa: F401
 from re import Pattern as compat_Pattern  # noqa: F401
 from re import match as compat_Match  # noqa: F401
 
+from . import compat_expanduser, compat_HTMLParseError, compat_realpath
 from .compat_utils import passthrough_module
-from ..dependencies import Cryptodome_AES as compat_pycrypto_AES  # noqa: F401
 from ..dependencies import brotli as compat_brotli  # noqa: F401
 from ..dependencies import websockets as compat_websockets  # noqa: F401
+from ..dependencies.Cryptodome import AES as compat_pycrypto_AES  # noqa: F401
 
 passthrough_module(__name__, '...utils', ('WINDOWS_VT_MODE', 'windows_enable_vt_mode'))
 
@@ -47,22 +49,25 @@ def compat_setenv(key, value, env=os.environ):
     env[key] = value
 
 
+compat_base64_b64decode = base64.b64decode
 compat_basestring = str
+compat_casefold = str.casefold
 compat_chr = chr
 compat_collections_abc = collections.abc
-compat_cookiejar = http.cookiejar
-compat_cookiejar_Cookie = http.cookiejar.Cookie
-compat_cookies = http.cookies
-compat_cookies_SimpleCookie = http.cookies.SimpleCookie
-compat_etree_Element = etree.Element
-compat_etree_register_namespace = etree.register_namespace
+compat_cookiejar = compat_http_cookiejar = http.cookiejar
+compat_cookiejar_Cookie = compat_http_cookiejar_Cookie = http.cookiejar.Cookie
+compat_cookies = compat_http_cookies = http.cookies
+compat_cookies_SimpleCookie = compat_http_cookies_SimpleCookie = http.cookies.SimpleCookie
+compat_etree_Element = compat_xml_etree_ElementTree_Element = etree.Element
+compat_etree_register_namespace = compat_xml_etree_register_namespace = etree.register_namespace
 compat_filter = filter
 compat_get_terminal_size = shutil.get_terminal_size
 compat_getenv = os.getenv
-compat_getpass = getpass.getpass
+compat_getpass = compat_getpass_getpass = getpass.getpass
 compat_html_entities = html.entities
 compat_html_entities_html5 = html.entities.html5
-compat_HTMLParser = html.parser.HTMLParser
+compat_html_parser_HTMLParseError = compat_HTMLParseError
+compat_HTMLParser = compat_html_parser_HTMLParser = html.parser.HTMLParser
 compat_http_client = http.client
 compat_http_server = http.server
 compat_input = input
@@ -71,6 +76,8 @@ compat_itertools_count = itertools.count
 compat_kwargs = lambda kwargs: kwargs
 compat_map = map
 compat_numeric_types = (int, float, complex)
+compat_os_path_expanduser = compat_expanduser
+compat_os_path_realpath = compat_realpath
 compat_print = print
 compat_shlex_split = shlex.split
 compat_socket_create_connection = socket.create_connection
@@ -80,7 +87,9 @@ compat_struct_unpack = struct.unpack
 compat_subprocess_get_DEVNULL = lambda: DEVNULL
 compat_tokenize_tokenize = tokenize.tokenize
 compat_urllib_error = urllib.error
+compat_urllib_HTTPError = urllib.error.HTTPError
 compat_urllib_parse = urllib.parse
+compat_urllib_parse_parse_qs = urllib.parse.parse_qs
 compat_urllib_parse_quote = urllib.parse.quote
 compat_urllib_parse_quote_plus = urllib.parse.quote_plus
 compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus = urllib.parse.unquote_plus
@@ -89,8 +98,10 @@ compat_urllib_parse_urlunparse = urllib.parse.urlunparse
 compat_urllib_request = urllib.request
 compat_urllib_request_DataHandler = urllib.request.DataHandler
 compat_urllib_response = urllib.response
-compat_urlretrieve = urllib.request.urlretrieve
-compat_xml_parse_error = etree.ParseError
+compat_urlretrieve = compat_urllib_request_urlretrieve = urllib.request.urlretrieve
+compat_xml_parse_error = compat_xml_etree_ElementTree_ParseError = etree.ParseError
 compat_xpath = lambda xpath: xpath
 compat_zip = zip
 workaround_optparse_bug9161 = lambda: None
+
+legacy = []
diff --git a/yt_dlp/compat/compat_utils.py b/yt_dlp/compat/compat_utils.py
index 82e1762810..3ca46d270c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/compat/compat_utils.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/compat/compat_utils.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import collections
 import contextlib
+import functools
 import importlib
 import sys
 import types
@@ -10,61 +11,73 @@ _Package = collections.namedtuple('Package', ('name', 'version'))
 
 
 def get_package_info(module):
-    parent = module.__name__.split('.')[0]
-    parent_module = None
-    with contextlib.suppress(ImportError):
-        parent_module = importlib.import_module(parent)
-
-    for attr in ('__version__', 'version_string', 'version'):
-        version = getattr(parent_module, attr, None)
-        if version is not None:
-            break
-    return _Package(getattr(module, '_yt_dlp__identifier', parent), str(version))
+    return _Package(
+        name=getattr(module, '_yt_dlp__identifier', module.__name__),
+        version=str(next(filter(None, (
+            getattr(module, attr, None)
+            for attr in ('__version__', 'version_string', 'version')
+        )), None)))
 
 
 def _is_package(module):
-    try:
-        module.__getattribute__('__path__')
-    except AttributeError:
-        return False
-    return True
+    return '__path__' in vars(module)
 
 
-def passthrough_module(parent, child, allowed_attributes=None, *, callback=lambda _: None):
-    parent_module = importlib.import_module(parent)
-    child_module = None  # Import child module only as needed
+def _is_dunder(name):
+    return name.startswith('__') and name.endswith('__')
 
-    class PassthroughModule(types.ModuleType):
-        def __getattr__(self, attr):
-            if _is_package(parent_module):
-                with contextlib.suppress(ImportError):
-                    return importlib.import_module(f'.{attr}', parent)
 
-            ret = self.__from_child(attr)
-            if ret is _NO_ATTRIBUTE:
-                raise AttributeError(f'module {parent} has no attribute {attr}')
-            callback(attr)
-            return ret
+class EnhancedModule(types.ModuleType):
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return vars(self).get('__bool__', lambda: True)()
 
-        def __from_child(self, attr):
-            if allowed_attributes is None:
-                if attr.startswith('__') and attr.endswith('__'):
-                    return _NO_ATTRIBUTE
-            elif attr not in allowed_attributes:
+    def __getattribute__(self, attr):
+        try:
+            ret = super().__getattribute__(attr)
+        except AttributeError:
+            if _is_dunder(attr):
+                raise
+            getter = getattr(self, '__getattr__', None)
+            if not getter:
+                raise
+            ret = getter(attr)
+        return ret.fget() if isinstance(ret, property) else ret
+
+
+def passthrough_module(parent, child, allowed_attributes=(..., ), *, callback=lambda _: None):
+    """Passthrough parent module into a child module, creating the parent if necessary"""
+    def __getattr__(attr):
+        if _is_package(parent):
+            with contextlib.suppress(ModuleNotFoundError):
+                return importlib.import_module(f'.{attr}', parent.__name__)
+
+        ret = from_child(attr)
+        if ret is _NO_ATTRIBUTE:
+            raise AttributeError(f'module {parent.__name__} has no attribute {attr}')
+        callback(attr)
+        return ret
+
+    @functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+    def from_child(attr):
+        nonlocal child
+        if attr not in allowed_attributes:
+            if ... not in allowed_attributes or _is_dunder(attr):
                 return _NO_ATTRIBUTE
 
-            nonlocal child_module
-            child_module = child_module or importlib.import_module(child, parent)
+        if isinstance(child, str):
+            child = importlib.import_module(child, parent.__name__)
 
-            with contextlib.suppress(AttributeError):
-                return getattr(child_module, attr)
+        if _is_package(child):
+            with contextlib.suppress(ImportError):
+                return passthrough_module(f'{parent.__name__}.{attr}',
+                                          importlib.import_module(f'.{attr}', child.__name__))
 
-            if _is_package(child_module):
-                with contextlib.suppress(ImportError):
-                    return importlib.import_module(f'.{attr}', child)
+        with contextlib.suppress(AttributeError):
+            return getattr(child, attr)
 
-            return _NO_ATTRIBUTE
+        return _NO_ATTRIBUTE
 
-    # Python 3.6 does not have module level __getattr__
-    # https://peps.python.org/pep-0562/
-    sys.modules[parent].__class__ = PassthroughModule
+    parent = sys.modules.get(parent, types.ModuleType(parent))
+    parent.__class__ = EnhancedModule
+    parent.__getattr__ = __getattr__
+    return parent
diff --git a/yt_dlp/compat/shutil.py b/yt_dlp/compat/shutil.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..23239d5ce8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/compat/shutil.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# flake8: noqa: F405
+from shutil import *  # noqa: F403
+
+from .compat_utils import passthrough_module
+
+passthrough_module(__name__, 'shutil')
+del passthrough_module
+
+
+import sys
+
+if sys.platform.startswith('freebsd'):
+    import errno
+    import os
+    import shutil
+
+    # Workaround for PermissionError when using restricted ACL mode on FreeBSD
+    def copy2(src, dst, *args, **kwargs):
+        if os.path.isdir(dst):
+            dst = os.path.join(dst, os.path.basename(src))
+        shutil.copyfile(src, dst, *args, **kwargs)
+        try:
+            shutil.copystat(src, dst, *args, **kwargs)
+        except PermissionError as e:
+            if e.errno != getattr(errno, 'EPERM', None):
+                raise
+        return dst
+
+    def move(*args, copy_function=copy2, **kwargs):
+        return shutil.move(*args, copy_function=copy_function, **kwargs)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/cookies.py b/yt_dlp/cookies.py
index c3b14f03bb..8ca7cea2ce 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/cookies.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/cookies.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import base64
 import contextlib
 import http.cookiejar
+import http.cookies
 import json
 import os
 import re
@@ -844,12 +845,15 @@ def _get_linux_keyring_password(browser_keyring_name, keyring, logger):
 def _get_mac_keyring_password(browser_keyring_name, logger):
     logger.debug('using find-generic-password to obtain password from OSX keychain')
     try:
-        stdout, _, _ = Popen.run(
+        stdout, _, returncode = Popen.run(
             ['security', 'find-generic-password',
              '-w',  # write password to stdout
              '-a', browser_keyring_name,  # match 'account'
              '-s', f'{browser_keyring_name} Safe Storage'],  # match 'service'
             stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
+        if returncode:
+            logger.warning('find-generic-password failed')
+            return None
         return stdout.rstrip(b'\n')
     except Exception as e:
         logger.warning(f'exception running find-generic-password: {error_to_str(e)}')
@@ -987,6 +991,97 @@ def _parse_browser_specification(browser_name, profile=None, keyring=None, conta
         raise ValueError(f'unsupported browser: "{browser_name}"')
     if keyring not in (None, *SUPPORTED_KEYRINGS):
         raise ValueError(f'unsupported keyring: "{keyring}"')
-    if profile is not None and _is_path(profile):
-        profile = os.path.expanduser(profile)
+    if profile is not None and _is_path(expand_path(profile)):
+        profile = expand_path(profile)
     return browser_name, profile, keyring, container
+
+
+class LenientSimpleCookie(http.cookies.SimpleCookie):
+    """More lenient version of http.cookies.SimpleCookie"""
+    # From https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.10.7/Lib/http/cookies.py
+    # We use Morsel's legal key chars to avoid errors on setting values
+    _LEGAL_KEY_CHARS = r'\w\d' + re.escape('!#$%&\'*+-.:^_`|~')
+    _LEGAL_VALUE_CHARS = _LEGAL_KEY_CHARS + re.escape('(),/<=>?@[]{}')
+
+    _RESERVED = {
+        "expires",
+        "path",
+        "comment",
+        "domain",
+        "max-age",
+        "secure",
+        "httponly",
+        "version",
+        "samesite",
+    }
+
+    _FLAGS = {"secure", "httponly"}
+
+    # Added 'bad' group to catch the remaining value
+    _COOKIE_PATTERN = re.compile(r"""
+        \s*                            # Optional whitespace at start of cookie
+        (?P<key>                       # Start of group 'key'
+        [""" + _LEGAL_KEY_CHARS + r"""]+?# Any word of at least one letter
+        )                              # End of group 'key'
+        (                              # Optional group: there may not be a value.
+        \s*=\s*                          # Equal Sign
+        (                                # Start of potential value
+        (?P<val>                           # Start of group 'val'
+        "(?:[^\\"]|\\.)*"                    # Any doublequoted string
+        |                                    # or
+        \w{3},\s[\w\d\s-]{9,11}\s[\d:]{8}\sGMT # Special case for "expires" attr
+        |                                    # or
+        [""" + _LEGAL_VALUE_CHARS + r"""]*     # Any word or empty string
+        )                                  # End of group 'val'
+        |                                  # or
+        (?P<bad>(?:\\;|[^;])*?)            # 'bad' group fallback for invalid values
+        )                                # End of potential value
+        )?                             # End of optional value group
+        \s*                            # Any number of spaces.
+        (\s+|;|$)                      # Ending either at space, semicolon, or EOS.
+        """, re.ASCII | re.VERBOSE)
+
+    def load(self, data):
+        # Workaround for https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4776
+        if not isinstance(data, str):
+            return super().load(data)
+
+        morsel = None
+        for match in self._COOKIE_PATTERN.finditer(data):
+            if match.group('bad'):
+                morsel = None
+                continue
+
+            key, value = match.group('key', 'val')
+
+            is_attribute = False
+            if key.startswith('$'):
+                key = key[1:]
+                is_attribute = True
+
+            lower_key = key.lower()
+            if lower_key in self._RESERVED:
+                if morsel is None:
+                    continue
+
+                if value is None:
+                    if lower_key not in self._FLAGS:
+                        morsel = None
+                        continue
+                    value = True
+                else:
+                    value, _ = self.value_decode(value)
+
+                morsel[key] = value
+
+            elif is_attribute:
+                morsel = None
+
+            elif value is not None:
+                morsel = self.get(key, http.cookies.Morsel())
+                real_value, coded_value = self.value_decode(value)
+                morsel.set(key, real_value, coded_value)
+                self[key] = morsel
+
+            else:
+                morsel = None
diff --git a/yt_dlp/dependencies/Cryptodome.py b/yt_dlp/dependencies/Cryptodome.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..74ab6575ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/dependencies/Cryptodome.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import types
+
+try:
+    import Cryptodome as _parent
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        import Crypto as _parent
+    except (ImportError, SyntaxError):  # Old Crypto gives SyntaxError in newer Python
+        _parent = types.ModuleType('no_Cryptodome')
+        __bool__ = lambda: False
+
+__version__ = ''
+AES = PKCS1_v1_5 = Blowfish = PKCS1_OAEP = SHA1 = CMAC = RSA = None
+try:
+    if _parent.__name__ == 'Cryptodome':
+        from Cryptodome import __version__
+        from Cryptodome.Cipher import AES, PKCS1_OAEP, Blowfish, PKCS1_v1_5
+        from Cryptodome.Hash import CMAC, SHA1
+        from Cryptodome.PublicKey import RSA
+    elif _parent.__name__ == 'Crypto':
+        from Crypto import __version__
+        from Crypto.Cipher import AES, PKCS1_OAEP, Blowfish, PKCS1_v1_5  # noqa: F401
+        from Crypto.Hash import CMAC, SHA1  # noqa: F401
+        from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA  # noqa: F401
+except ImportError:
+    __version__ = f'broken {__version__}'.strip()
+
+
+_yt_dlp__identifier = _parent.__name__
+if AES and _yt_dlp__identifier == 'Crypto':
+    try:
+        # In pycrypto, mode defaults to ECB. See:
+        # https://www.pycryptodome.org/en/latest/src/vs_pycrypto.html#:~:text=not%20have%20ECB%20as%20default%20mode
+        AES.new(b'abcdefghijklmnop')
+    except TypeError:
+        _yt_dlp__identifier = 'pycrypto'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/dependencies.py b/yt_dlp/dependencies/__init__.py
similarity index 75%
rename from yt_dlp/dependencies.py
rename to yt_dlp/dependencies/__init__.py
index 5a5363adb1..6e7d29c5ca 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/dependencies.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/dependencies/__init__.py
@@ -23,24 +23,6 @@ else:
         certifi = None
 
 
-try:
-    from Cryptodome.Cipher import AES as Cryptodome_AES
-except ImportError:
-    try:
-        from Crypto.Cipher import AES as Cryptodome_AES
-    except (ImportError, SyntaxError):  # Old Crypto gives SyntaxError in newer Python
-        Cryptodome_AES = None
-    else:
-        try:
-            # In pycrypto, mode defaults to ECB. See:
-            # https://www.pycryptodome.org/en/latest/src/vs_pycrypto.html#:~:text=not%20have%20ECB%20as%20default%20mode
-            Cryptodome_AES.new(b'abcdefghijklmnop')
-        except TypeError:
-            pass
-        else:
-            Cryptodome_AES._yt_dlp__identifier = 'pycrypto'
-
-
 try:
     import mutagen
 except ImportError:
@@ -84,12 +66,16 @@ else:
         xattr._yt_dlp__identifier = 'pyxattr'
 
 
+from . import Cryptodome
+
 all_dependencies = {k: v for k, v in globals().items() if not k.startswith('_')}
-
-
 available_dependencies = {k: v for k, v in all_dependencies.items() if v}
 
 
+# Deprecated
+Cryptodome_AES = Cryptodome.AES
+
+
 __all__ = [
     'all_dependencies',
     'available_dependencies',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/common.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/common.py
index ab557a47ac..077b29b41f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/common.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/common.py
@@ -15,15 +15,17 @@ from ..minicurses import (
 from ..utils import (
     IDENTITY,
     NO_DEFAULT,
-    NUMBER_RE,
     LockingUnsupportedError,
     Namespace,
     RetryManager,
     classproperty,
     decodeArgument,
+    deprecation_warning,
     encodeFilename,
     format_bytes,
     join_nonempty,
+    parse_bytes,
+    remove_start,
     sanitize_open,
     shell_quote,
     timeconvert,
@@ -120,11 +122,11 @@ class FileDownloader:
         time = timetuple_from_msec(seconds * 1000)
         if time.hours > 99:
             return '--:--:--'
-        if not time.hours:
-            return '   %02d:%02d' % time[1:-1]
         return '%02d:%02d:%02d' % time[:-1]
 
-    format_eta = format_seconds
+    @classmethod
+    def format_eta(cls, seconds):
+        return f'{remove_start(cls.format_seconds(seconds), "00:"):>8s}'
 
     @staticmethod
     def calc_percent(byte_counter, data_len):
@@ -179,12 +181,9 @@ class FileDownloader:
     @staticmethod
     def parse_bytes(bytestr):
         """Parse a string indicating a byte quantity into an integer."""
-        matchobj = re.match(rf'(?i)^({NUMBER_RE})([kMGTPEZY]?)$', bytestr)
-        if matchobj is None:
-            return None
-        number = float(matchobj.group(1))
-        multiplier = 1024.0 ** 'bkmgtpezy'.index(matchobj.group(2).lower())
-        return int(round(number * multiplier))
+        deprecation_warning('yt_dlp.FileDownloader.parse_bytes is deprecated and '
+                            'may be removed in the future. Use yt_dlp.utils.parse_bytes instead')
+        return parse_bytes(bytestr)
 
     def slow_down(self, start_time, now, byte_counter):
         """Sleep if the download speed is over the rate limit."""
@@ -332,6 +331,8 @@ class FileDownloader:
                     return tmpl
             return default
 
+        _format_bytes = lambda k: f'{format_bytes(s.get(k)):>10s}'
+
         if s['status'] == 'finished':
             if self.params.get('noprogress'):
                 self.to_screen('[download] Download completed')
@@ -339,7 +340,7 @@ class FileDownloader:
             s.update({
                 'speed': speed,
                 '_speed_str': self.format_speed(speed).strip(),
-                '_total_bytes_str': format_bytes(s.get('total_bytes')),
+                '_total_bytes_str': _format_bytes('total_bytes'),
                 '_elapsed_str': self.format_seconds(s.get('elapsed')),
                 '_percent_str': self.format_percent(100),
             })
@@ -354,15 +355,15 @@ class FileDownloader:
             return
 
         s.update({
-            '_eta_str': self.format_eta(s.get('eta')),
+            '_eta_str': self.format_eta(s.get('eta')).strip(),
             '_speed_str': self.format_speed(s.get('speed')),
             '_percent_str': self.format_percent(try_call(
                 lambda: 100 * s['downloaded_bytes'] / s['total_bytes'],
                 lambda: 100 * s['downloaded_bytes'] / s['total_bytes_estimate'],
                 lambda: s['downloaded_bytes'] == 0 and 0)),
-            '_total_bytes_str': format_bytes(s.get('total_bytes')),
-            '_total_bytes_estimate_str': format_bytes(s.get('total_bytes_estimate')),
-            '_downloaded_bytes_str': format_bytes(s.get('downloaded_bytes')),
+            '_total_bytes_str': _format_bytes('total_bytes'),
+            '_total_bytes_estimate_str': _format_bytes('total_bytes_estimate'),
+            '_downloaded_bytes_str': _format_bytes('downloaded_bytes'),
             '_elapsed_str': self.format_seconds(s.get('elapsed')),
         })
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/dash.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/dash.py
index a6da26f09d..4328d739c2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/dash.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/dash.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import time
+import urllib.parse
 
 from . import get_suitable_downloader
 from .fragment import FragmentFD
-from ..utils import urljoin
+from ..utils import update_url_query, urljoin
 
 
 class DashSegmentsFD(FragmentFD):
@@ -40,7 +41,12 @@ class DashSegmentsFD(FragmentFD):
                 self._prepare_and_start_frag_download(ctx, fmt)
             ctx['start'] = real_start
 
-            fragments_to_download = self._get_fragments(fmt, ctx)
+            extra_query = None
+            extra_param_to_segment_url = info_dict.get('extra_param_to_segment_url')
+            if extra_param_to_segment_url:
+                extra_query = urllib.parse.parse_qs(extra_param_to_segment_url)
+
+            fragments_to_download = self._get_fragments(fmt, ctx, extra_query)
 
             if real_downloader:
                 self.to_screen(
@@ -51,13 +57,13 @@ class DashSegmentsFD(FragmentFD):
 
             args.append([ctx, fragments_to_download, fmt])
 
-        return self.download_and_append_fragments_multiple(*args)
+        return self.download_and_append_fragments_multiple(*args, is_fatal=lambda idx: idx == 0)
 
     def _resolve_fragments(self, fragments, ctx):
         fragments = fragments(ctx) if callable(fragments) else fragments
         return [next(iter(fragments))] if self.params.get('test') else fragments
 
-    def _get_fragments(self, fmt, ctx):
+    def _get_fragments(self, fmt, ctx, extra_query):
         fragment_base_url = fmt.get('fragment_base_url')
         fragments = self._resolve_fragments(fmt['fragments'], ctx)
 
@@ -70,6 +76,8 @@ class DashSegmentsFD(FragmentFD):
             if not fragment_url:
                 assert fragment_base_url
                 fragment_url = urljoin(fragment_base_url, fragment['path'])
+            if extra_query:
+                fragment_url = update_url_query(fragment_url, extra_query)
 
             yield {
                 'frag_index': frag_index,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/external.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/external.py
index d117c06e0a..5f54017a81 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/external.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/external.py
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 import enum
+import json
 import os.path
 import re
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import time
+import uuid
 
 from .fragment import FragmentFD
 from ..compat import functools
@@ -20,8 +22,10 @@ from ..utils import (
     determine_ext,
     encodeArgument,
     encodeFilename,
+    find_available_port,
     handle_youtubedl_headers,
     remove_end,
+    sanitized_Request,
     traverse_obj,
 )
 
@@ -60,7 +64,6 @@ class ExternalFD(FragmentFD):
             }
             if filename != '-':
                 fsize = os.path.getsize(encodeFilename(tmpfilename))
-                self.to_screen(f'\r[{self.get_basename()}] Downloaded {fsize} bytes')
                 self.try_rename(tmpfilename, filename)
                 status.update({
                     'downloaded_bytes': fsize,
@@ -101,6 +104,7 @@ class ExternalFD(FragmentFD):
         return all((
             not info_dict.get('to_stdout') or Features.TO_STDOUT in cls.SUPPORTED_FEATURES,
             '+' not in info_dict['protocol'] or Features.MULTIPLE_FORMATS in cls.SUPPORTED_FEATURES,
+            not traverse_obj(info_dict, ('hls_aes', ...), 'extra_param_to_segment_url'),
             all(proto in cls.SUPPORTED_PROTOCOLS for proto in info_dict['protocol'].split('+')),
         ))
 
@@ -129,8 +133,7 @@ class ExternalFD(FragmentFD):
         self._debug_cmd(cmd)
 
         if 'fragments' not in info_dict:
-            _, stderr, returncode = Popen.run(
-                cmd, text=True, stderr=subprocess.PIPE if self._CAPTURE_STDERR else None)
+            _, stderr, returncode = self._call_process(cmd, info_dict)
             if returncode and stderr:
                 self.to_stderr(stderr)
             return returncode
@@ -140,7 +143,7 @@ class ExternalFD(FragmentFD):
         retry_manager = RetryManager(self.params.get('fragment_retries'), self.report_retry,
                                      frag_index=None, fatal=not skip_unavailable_fragments)
         for retry in retry_manager:
-            _, stderr, returncode = Popen.run(cmd, text=True, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+            _, stderr, returncode = self._call_process(cmd, info_dict)
             if not returncode:
                 break
             # TODO: Decide whether to retry based on error code
@@ -172,6 +175,9 @@ class ExternalFD(FragmentFD):
         self.try_remove(encodeFilename('%s.frag.urls' % tmpfilename))
         return 0
 
+    def _call_process(self, cmd, info_dict):
+        return Popen.run(cmd, text=True, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+
 
 class CurlFD(ExternalFD):
     AVAILABLE_OPT = '-V'
@@ -252,6 +258,19 @@ class Aria2cFD(ExternalFD):
         check_results = (not re.search(feature, manifest) for feature in UNSUPPORTED_FEATURES)
         return all(check_results)
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _aria2c_filename(fn):
+        return fn if os.path.isabs(fn) else f'.{os.path.sep}{fn}'
+
+    def _call_downloader(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
+        # FIXME: Disabled due to https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5931
+        if False and 'no-external-downloader-progress' not in self.params.get('compat_opts', []):
+            info_dict['__rpc'] = {
+                'port': find_available_port() or 19190,
+                'secret': str(uuid.uuid4()),
+            }
+        return super()._call_downloader(tmpfilename, info_dict)
+
     def _make_cmd(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
         cmd = [self.exe, '-c',
                '--console-log-level=warn', '--summary-interval=0', '--download-result=hide',
@@ -272,6 +291,12 @@ class Aria2cFD(ExternalFD):
         cmd += self._bool_option('--show-console-readout', 'noprogress', 'false', 'true', '=')
         cmd += self._configuration_args()
 
+        if '__rpc' in info_dict:
+            cmd += [
+                '--enable-rpc',
+                f'--rpc-listen-port={info_dict["__rpc"]["port"]}',
+                f'--rpc-secret={info_dict["__rpc"]["secret"]}']
+
         # aria2c strips out spaces from the beginning/end of filenames and paths.
         # We work around this issue by adding a "./" to the beginning of the
         # filename and relative path, and adding a "/" at the end of the path.
@@ -280,11 +305,9 @@ class Aria2cFD(ExternalFD):
         # https://github.com/aria2/aria2/issues/1373
         dn = os.path.dirname(tmpfilename)
         if dn:
-            if not os.path.isabs(dn):
-                dn = f'.{os.path.sep}{dn}'
-            cmd += ['--dir', dn + os.path.sep]
+            cmd += ['--dir', self._aria2c_filename(dn) + os.path.sep]
         if 'fragments' not in info_dict:
-            cmd += ['--out', f'.{os.path.sep}{os.path.basename(tmpfilename)}']
+            cmd += ['--out', self._aria2c_filename(os.path.basename(tmpfilename))]
         cmd += ['--auto-file-renaming=false']
 
         if 'fragments' in info_dict:
@@ -293,15 +316,97 @@ class Aria2cFD(ExternalFD):
             url_list = []
             for frag_index, fragment in enumerate(info_dict['fragments']):
                 fragment_filename = '%s-Frag%d' % (os.path.basename(tmpfilename), frag_index)
-                url_list.append('%s\n\tout=%s' % (fragment['url'], fragment_filename))
+                url_list.append('%s\n\tout=%s' % (fragment['url'], self._aria2c_filename(fragment_filename)))
             stream, _ = self.sanitize_open(url_list_file, 'wb')
             stream.write('\n'.join(url_list).encode())
             stream.close()
-            cmd += ['-i', url_list_file]
+            cmd += ['-i', self._aria2c_filename(url_list_file)]
         else:
             cmd += ['--', info_dict['url']]
         return cmd
 
+    def aria2c_rpc(self, rpc_port, rpc_secret, method, params=()):
+        # Does not actually need to be UUID, just unique
+        sanitycheck = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        d = json.dumps({
+            'jsonrpc': '2.0',
+            'id': sanitycheck,
+            'method': method,
+            'params': [f'token:{rpc_secret}', *params],
+        }).encode('utf-8')
+        request = sanitized_Request(
+            f'http://localhost:{rpc_port}/jsonrpc',
+            data=d, headers={
+                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+                'Content-Length': f'{len(d)}',
+                'Ytdl-request-proxy': '__noproxy__',
+            })
+        with self.ydl.urlopen(request) as r:
+            resp = json.load(r)
+        assert resp.get('id') == sanitycheck, 'Something went wrong with RPC server'
+        return resp['result']
+
+    def _call_process(self, cmd, info_dict):
+        if '__rpc' not in info_dict:
+            return super()._call_process(cmd, info_dict)
+
+        send_rpc = functools.partial(self.aria2c_rpc, info_dict['__rpc']['port'], info_dict['__rpc']['secret'])
+        started = time.time()
+
+        fragmented = 'fragments' in info_dict
+        frag_count = len(info_dict['fragments']) if fragmented else 1
+        status = {
+            'filename': info_dict.get('_filename'),
+            'status': 'downloading',
+            'elapsed': 0,
+            'downloaded_bytes': 0,
+            'fragment_count': frag_count if fragmented else None,
+            'fragment_index': 0 if fragmented else None,
+        }
+        self._hook_progress(status, info_dict)
+
+        def get_stat(key, *obj, average=False):
+            val = tuple(filter(None, map(float, traverse_obj(obj, (..., ..., key))))) or [0]
+            return sum(val) / (len(val) if average else 1)
+
+        with Popen(cmd, text=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) as p:
+            # Add a small sleep so that RPC client can receive response,
+            # or the connection stalls infinitely
+            time.sleep(0.2)
+            retval = p.poll()
+            while retval is None:
+                # We don't use tellStatus as we won't know the GID without reading stdout
+                # Ref: https://aria2.github.io/manual/en/html/aria2c.html#aria2.tellActive
+                active = send_rpc('aria2.tellActive')
+                completed = send_rpc('aria2.tellStopped', [0, frag_count])
+
+                downloaded = get_stat('totalLength', completed) + get_stat('completedLength', active)
+                speed = get_stat('downloadSpeed', active)
+                total = frag_count * get_stat('totalLength', active, completed, average=True)
+                if total < downloaded:
+                    total = None
+
+                status.update({
+                    'downloaded_bytes': int(downloaded),
+                    'speed': speed,
+                    'total_bytes': None if fragmented else total,
+                    'total_bytes_estimate': total,
+                    'eta': (total - downloaded) / (speed or 1),
+                    'fragment_index': min(frag_count, len(completed) + 1) if fragmented else None,
+                    'elapsed': time.time() - started
+                })
+                self._hook_progress(status, info_dict)
+
+                if not active and len(completed) >= frag_count:
+                    send_rpc('aria2.shutdown')
+                    retval = p.wait()
+                    break
+
+                time.sleep(0.1)
+                retval = p.poll()
+
+            return '', p.stderr.read(), retval
+
 
 class HttpieFD(ExternalFD):
     AVAILABLE_OPT = '--version'
@@ -340,7 +445,6 @@ class FFmpegFD(ExternalFD):
             and cls.can_download(info_dict))
 
     def _call_downloader(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
-        urls = [f['url'] for f in info_dict.get('requested_formats', [])] or [info_dict['url']]
         ffpp = FFmpegPostProcessor(downloader=self)
         if not ffpp.available:
             self.report_error('m3u8 download detected but ffmpeg could not be found. Please install')
@@ -370,16 +474,6 @@ class FFmpegFD(ExternalFD):
             # http://trac.ffmpeg.org/ticket/6125#comment:10
             args += ['-seekable', '1' if seekable else '0']
 
-        http_headers = None
-        if info_dict.get('http_headers'):
-            youtubedl_headers = handle_youtubedl_headers(info_dict['http_headers'])
-            http_headers = [
-                # Trailing \r\n after each HTTP header is important to prevent warning from ffmpeg/avconv:
-                # [http @ 00000000003d2fa0] No trailing CRLF found in HTTP header.
-                '-headers',
-                ''.join(f'{key}: {val}\r\n' for key, val in youtubedl_headers.items())
-            ]
-
         env = None
         proxy = self.params.get('proxy')
         if proxy:
@@ -432,21 +526,26 @@ class FFmpegFD(ExternalFD):
 
         start_time, end_time = info_dict.get('section_start') or 0, info_dict.get('section_end')
 
-        for i, url in enumerate(urls):
-            if http_headers is not None and re.match(r'^https?://', url):
-                args += http_headers
+        selected_formats = info_dict.get('requested_formats') or [info_dict]
+        for i, fmt in enumerate(selected_formats):
+            if fmt.get('http_headers') and re.match(r'^https?://', fmt['url']):
+                headers_dict = handle_youtubedl_headers(fmt['http_headers'])
+                # Trailing \r\n after each HTTP header is important to prevent warning from ffmpeg/avconv:
+                # [http @ 00000000003d2fa0] No trailing CRLF found in HTTP header.
+                args.extend(['-headers', ''.join(f'{key}: {val}\r\n' for key, val in headers_dict.items())])
+
             if start_time:
                 args += ['-ss', str(start_time)]
             if end_time:
                 args += ['-t', str(end_time - start_time)]
 
-            args += self._configuration_args((f'_i{i + 1}', '_i')) + ['-i', url]
+            args += self._configuration_args((f'_i{i + 1}', '_i')) + ['-i', fmt['url']]
 
         if not (start_time or end_time) or not self.params.get('force_keyframes_at_cuts'):
             args += ['-c', 'copy']
 
         if info_dict.get('requested_formats') or protocol == 'http_dash_segments':
-            for (i, fmt) in enumerate(info_dict.get('requested_formats') or [info_dict]):
+            for i, fmt in enumerate(selected_formats):
                 stream_number = fmt.get('manifest_stream_number', 0)
                 args.extend(['-map', f'{i}:{stream_number}'])
 
@@ -486,8 +585,9 @@ class FFmpegFD(ExternalFD):
         args.append(encodeFilename(ffpp._ffmpeg_filename_argument(tmpfilename), True))
         self._debug_cmd(args)
 
+        piped = any(fmt['url'] in ('-', 'pipe:') for fmt in selected_formats)
         with Popen(args, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, env=env) as proc:
-            if url in ('-', 'pipe:'):
+            if piped:
                 self.on_process_started(proc, proc.stdin)
             try:
                 retval = proc.wait()
@@ -497,7 +597,7 @@ class FFmpegFD(ExternalFD):
                 # produces a file that is playable (this is mostly useful for live
                 # streams). Note that Windows is not affected and produces playable
                 # files (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8300).
-                if isinstance(e, KeyboardInterrupt) and sys.platform != 'win32' and url not in ('-', 'pipe:'):
+                if isinstance(e, KeyboardInterrupt) and sys.platform != 'win32' and not piped:
                     proc.communicate_or_kill(b'q')
                 else:
                     proc.kill(timeout=None)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/f4m.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/f4m.py
index a19ab43f15..306f92192f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/f4m.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/f4m.py
@@ -424,6 +424,4 @@ class F4mFD(FragmentFD):
                     msg = 'Missed %d fragments' % (fragments_list[0][1] - (frag_i + 1))
                     self.report_warning(msg)
 
-        self._finish_frag_download(ctx, info_dict)
-
-        return True
+        return self._finish_frag_download(ctx, info_dict)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/fragment.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/fragment.py
index a5d70d0d49..3dc638f523 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/fragment.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/fragment.py
@@ -295,16 +295,23 @@ class FragmentFD(FileDownloader):
                 self.try_remove(ytdl_filename)
         elapsed = time.time() - ctx['started']
 
-        if ctx['tmpfilename'] == '-':
-            downloaded_bytes = ctx['complete_frags_downloaded_bytes']
+        to_file = ctx['tmpfilename'] != '-'
+        if to_file:
+            downloaded_bytes = os.path.getsize(encodeFilename(ctx['tmpfilename']))
         else:
+            downloaded_bytes = ctx['complete_frags_downloaded_bytes']
+
+        if not downloaded_bytes:
+            if to_file:
+                self.try_remove(ctx['tmpfilename'])
+            self.report_error('The downloaded file is empty')
+            return False
+        elif to_file:
             self.try_rename(ctx['tmpfilename'], ctx['filename'])
-            if self.params.get('updatetime', True):
-                filetime = ctx.get('fragment_filetime')
-                if filetime:
-                    with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
-                        os.utime(ctx['filename'], (time.time(), filetime))
-            downloaded_bytes = os.path.getsize(encodeFilename(ctx['filename']))
+            filetime = ctx.get('fragment_filetime')
+            if self.params.get('updatetime', True) and filetime:
+                with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
+                    os.utime(ctx['filename'], (time.time(), filetime))
 
         self._hook_progress({
             'downloaded_bytes': downloaded_bytes,
@@ -316,6 +323,7 @@ class FragmentFD(FileDownloader):
             'max_progress': ctx.get('max_progress'),
             'progress_idx': ctx.get('progress_idx'),
         }, info_dict)
+        return True
 
     def _prepare_external_frag_download(self, ctx):
         if 'live' not in ctx:
@@ -352,7 +360,8 @@ class FragmentFD(FileDownloader):
             if not decrypt_info or decrypt_info['METHOD'] != 'AES-128':
                 return frag_content
             iv = decrypt_info.get('IV') or struct.pack('>8xq', fragment['media_sequence'])
-            decrypt_info['KEY'] = decrypt_info.get('KEY') or _get_key(info_dict.get('_decryption_key_url') or decrypt_info['URI'])
+            decrypt_info['KEY'] = (decrypt_info.get('KEY')
+                                   or _get_key(traverse_obj(info_dict, ('hls_aes', 'uri')) or decrypt_info['URI']))
             # Don't decrypt the content in tests since the data is explicitly truncated and it's not to a valid block
             # size (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/27660). Tests only care that the correct data downloaded,
             # not what it decrypts to.
@@ -362,7 +371,7 @@ class FragmentFD(FileDownloader):
 
         return decrypt_fragment
 
-    def download_and_append_fragments_multiple(self, *args, pack_func=None, finish_func=None):
+    def download_and_append_fragments_multiple(self, *args, **kwargs):
         '''
         @params (ctx1, fragments1, info_dict1), (ctx2, fragments2, info_dict2), ...
                 all args must be either tuple or list
@@ -370,18 +379,17 @@ class FragmentFD(FileDownloader):
         interrupt_trigger = [True]
         max_progress = len(args)
         if max_progress == 1:
-            return self.download_and_append_fragments(*args[0], pack_func=pack_func, finish_func=finish_func)
+            return self.download_and_append_fragments(*args[0], **kwargs)
         max_workers = self.params.get('concurrent_fragment_downloads', 1)
         if max_progress > 1:
             self._prepare_multiline_status(max_progress)
-        is_live = any(traverse_obj(args, (..., 2, 'is_live'), default=[]))
+        is_live = any(traverse_obj(args, (..., 2, 'is_live')))
 
         def thread_func(idx, ctx, fragments, info_dict, tpe):
             ctx['max_progress'] = max_progress
             ctx['progress_idx'] = idx
             return self.download_and_append_fragments(
-                ctx, fragments, info_dict, pack_func=pack_func, finish_func=finish_func,
-                tpe=tpe, interrupt_trigger=interrupt_trigger)
+                ctx, fragments, info_dict, **kwargs, tpe=tpe, interrupt_trigger=interrupt_trigger)
 
         class FTPE(concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor):
             # has to stop this or it's going to wait on the worker thread itself
@@ -428,17 +436,12 @@ class FragmentFD(FileDownloader):
         return result
 
     def download_and_append_fragments(
-            self, ctx, fragments, info_dict, *, pack_func=None, finish_func=None,
-            tpe=None, interrupt_trigger=None):
-        if not interrupt_trigger:
-            interrupt_trigger = (True, )
+            self, ctx, fragments, info_dict, *, is_fatal=(lambda idx: False),
+            pack_func=(lambda content, idx: content), finish_func=None,
+            tpe=None, interrupt_trigger=(True, )):
 
-        is_fatal = (
-            ((lambda _: False) if info_dict.get('is_live') else (lambda idx: idx == 0))
-            if self.params.get('skip_unavailable_fragments', True) else (lambda _: True))
-
-        if not pack_func:
-            pack_func = lambda frag_content, _: frag_content
+        if not self.params.get('skip_unavailable_fragments', True):
+            is_fatal = lambda _: True
 
         def download_fragment(fragment, ctx):
             if not interrupt_trigger[0]:
@@ -463,7 +466,8 @@ class FragmentFD(FileDownloader):
             for retry in RetryManager(self.params.get('fragment_retries'), error_callback):
                 try:
                     ctx['fragment_count'] = fragment.get('fragment_count')
-                    if not self._download_fragment(ctx, fragment['url'], info_dict, headers):
+                    if not self._download_fragment(
+                            ctx, fragment['url'], info_dict, headers, info_dict.get('request_data')):
                         return
                 except (urllib.error.HTTPError, http.client.IncompleteRead) as err:
                     retry.error = err
@@ -493,7 +497,7 @@ class FragmentFD(FileDownloader):
                 download_fragment(fragment, ctx_copy)
                 return fragment, fragment['frag_index'], ctx_copy.get('fragment_filename_sanitized')
 
-            self.report_warning('The download speed shown is only of one thread. This is a known issue and patches are welcome')
+            self.report_warning('The download speed shown is only of one thread. This is a known issue')
             with tpe or concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers) as pool:
                 try:
                     for fragment, frag_index, frag_filename in pool.map(_download_fragment, fragments):
@@ -527,5 +531,4 @@ class FragmentFD(FileDownloader):
         if finish_func is not None:
             ctx['dest_stream'].write(finish_func())
             ctx['dest_stream'].flush()
-        self._finish_frag_download(ctx, info_dict)
-        return True
+        return self._finish_frag_download(ctx, info_dict)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/hls.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/hls.py
index 2010f3dc9e..f2868dc52b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/hls.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/hls.py
@@ -7,8 +7,15 @@ from . import get_suitable_downloader
 from .external import FFmpegFD
 from .fragment import FragmentFD
 from .. import webvtt
-from ..dependencies import Cryptodome_AES
-from ..utils import bug_reports_message, parse_m3u8_attributes, update_url_query
+from ..dependencies import Cryptodome
+from ..utils import (
+    bug_reports_message,
+    parse_m3u8_attributes,
+    remove_start,
+    traverse_obj,
+    update_url_query,
+    urljoin,
+)
 
 
 class HlsFD(FragmentFD):
@@ -63,7 +70,7 @@ class HlsFD(FragmentFD):
         can_download, message = self.can_download(s, info_dict, self.params.get('allow_unplayable_formats')), None
         if can_download:
             has_ffmpeg = FFmpegFD.available()
-            no_crypto = not Cryptodome_AES and '#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=AES-128' in s
+            no_crypto = not Cryptodome.AES and '#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=AES-128' in s
             if no_crypto and has_ffmpeg:
                 can_download, message = False, 'The stream has AES-128 encryption and pycryptodomex is not available'
             elif no_crypto:
@@ -150,6 +157,13 @@ class HlsFD(FragmentFD):
         i = 0
         media_sequence = 0
         decrypt_info = {'METHOD': 'NONE'}
+        external_aes_key = traverse_obj(info_dict, ('hls_aes', 'key'))
+        if external_aes_key:
+            external_aes_key = binascii.unhexlify(remove_start(external_aes_key, '0x'))
+            assert len(external_aes_key) in (16, 24, 32), 'Invalid length for HLS AES-128 key'
+        external_aes_iv = traverse_obj(info_dict, ('hls_aes', 'iv'))
+        if external_aes_iv:
+            external_aes_iv = binascii.unhexlify(remove_start(external_aes_iv, '0x').zfill(32))
         byte_range = {}
         discontinuity_count = 0
         frag_index = 0
@@ -165,10 +179,7 @@ class HlsFD(FragmentFD):
                     frag_index += 1
                     if frag_index <= ctx['fragment_index']:
                         continue
-                    frag_url = (
-                        line
-                        if re.match(r'^https?://', line)
-                        else urllib.parse.urljoin(man_url, line))
+                    frag_url = urljoin(man_url, line)
                     if extra_query:
                         frag_url = update_url_query(frag_url, extra_query)
 
@@ -190,10 +201,7 @@ class HlsFD(FragmentFD):
                         return False
                     frag_index += 1
                     map_info = parse_m3u8_attributes(line[11:])
-                    frag_url = (
-                        map_info.get('URI')
-                        if re.match(r'^https?://', map_info.get('URI'))
-                        else urllib.parse.urljoin(man_url, map_info.get('URI')))
+                    frag_url = urljoin(man_url, map_info.get('URI'))
                     if extra_query:
                         frag_url = update_url_query(frag_url, extra_query)
 
@@ -218,15 +226,18 @@ class HlsFD(FragmentFD):
                     decrypt_url = decrypt_info.get('URI')
                     decrypt_info = parse_m3u8_attributes(line[11:])
                     if decrypt_info['METHOD'] == 'AES-128':
-                        if 'IV' in decrypt_info:
+                        if external_aes_iv:
+                            decrypt_info['IV'] = external_aes_iv
+                        elif 'IV' in decrypt_info:
                             decrypt_info['IV'] = binascii.unhexlify(decrypt_info['IV'][2:].zfill(32))
-                        if not re.match(r'^https?://', decrypt_info['URI']):
-                            decrypt_info['URI'] = urllib.parse.urljoin(
-                                man_url, decrypt_info['URI'])
-                        if extra_query:
-                            decrypt_info['URI'] = update_url_query(decrypt_info['URI'], extra_query)
-                        if decrypt_url != decrypt_info['URI']:
-                            decrypt_info['KEY'] = None
+                        if external_aes_key:
+                            decrypt_info['KEY'] = external_aes_key
+                        else:
+                            decrypt_info['URI'] = urljoin(man_url, decrypt_info['URI'])
+                            if extra_query:
+                                decrypt_info['URI'] = update_url_query(decrypt_info['URI'], extra_query)
+                            if decrypt_url != decrypt_info['URI']:
+                                decrypt_info['KEY'] = None
 
                 elif line.startswith('#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE'):
                     media_sequence = int(line[22:])
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/http.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/http.py
index 95c870ee8b..fa72d5722a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/http.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/http.py
@@ -211,7 +211,12 @@ class HttpFD(FileDownloader):
                 ctx.stream = None
 
         def download():
-            data_len = ctx.data.info().get('Content-length', None)
+            data_len = ctx.data.info().get('Content-length')
+
+            if ctx.data.info().get('Content-encoding'):
+                # Content-encoding is present, Content-length is not reliable anymore as we are
+                # doing auto decompression. (See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/6176)
+                data_len = None
 
             # Range HTTP header may be ignored/unsupported by a webserver
             # (e.g. extractor/scivee.py, extractor/bambuser.py).
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/ism.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/ism.py
index 801b5af813..a157a8ad93 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/ism.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/ism.py
@@ -138,6 +138,8 @@ def write_piff_header(stream, params):
 
         if fourcc == 'AACL':
             sample_entry_box = box(b'mp4a', sample_entry_payload)
+        if fourcc == 'EC-3':
+            sample_entry_box = box(b'ec-3', sample_entry_payload)
     elif stream_type == 'video':
         sample_entry_payload += u16.pack(0)  # pre defined
         sample_entry_payload += u16.pack(0)  # reserved
@@ -278,5 +280,4 @@ class IsmFD(FragmentFD):
                     return False
                 self.report_skip_fragment(frag_index)
 
-        self._finish_frag_download(ctx, info_dict)
-        return True
+        return self._finish_frag_download(ctx, info_dict)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/mhtml.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/mhtml.py
index ed076e09ed..d977dcec31 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/mhtml.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/mhtml.py
@@ -186,5 +186,4 @@ body > figure > img {
 
         ctx['dest_stream'].write(
             b'--%b--\r\n\r\n' % frag_boundary.encode('us-ascii'))
-        self._finish_frag_download(ctx, info_dict)
-        return True
+        return self._finish_frag_download(ctx, info_dict)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/youtube_live_chat.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/youtube_live_chat.py
index 1bc3209dc4..5928fecf0b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/youtube_live_chat.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/youtube_live_chat.py
@@ -191,8 +191,7 @@ class YoutubeLiveChatFD(FragmentFD):
             if test:
                 break
 
-        self._finish_frag_download(ctx, info_dict)
-        return True
+        return self._finish_frag_download(ctx, info_dict)
 
     @staticmethod
     def parse_live_timestamp(action):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
index a1e54a4a53..42a0ad007d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ from .youtube import (  # Youtube is moved to the top to improve performance
     YoutubeYtBeIE,
     YoutubeYtUserIE,
     YoutubeWatchLaterIE,
+    YoutubeShortsAudioPivotIE,
+    YoutubeConsentRedirectIE,
 )
 
 from .abc import (
@@ -64,12 +66,21 @@ from .aenetworks import (
     HistoryPlayerIE,
     BiographyIE,
 )
+from .aeonco import AeonCoIE
 from .afreecatv import (
     AfreecaTVIE,
     AfreecaTVLiveIE,
     AfreecaTVUserIE,
 )
+from .agora import (
+    TokFMAuditionIE,
+    TokFMPodcastIE,
+    WyborczaPodcastIE,
+    WyborczaVideoIE,
+)
 from .airmozilla import AirMozillaIE
+from .airtv import AirTVIE
+from .aitube import AitubeKZVideoIE
 from .aljazeera import AlJazeeraIE
 from .alphaporno import AlphaPornoIE
 from .amara import AmaraIE
@@ -78,11 +89,20 @@ from .alura import (
     AluraCourseIE
 )
 from .amcnetworks import AMCNetworksIE
-from .amazon import AmazonStoreIE
+from .amazon import (
+    AmazonStoreIE,
+    AmazonReviewsIE,
+)
+from .amazonminitv import (
+    AmazonMiniTVIE,
+    AmazonMiniTVSeasonIE,
+    AmazonMiniTVSeriesIE,
+)
 from .americastestkitchen import (
     AmericasTestKitchenIE,
     AmericasTestKitchenSeasonIE,
 )
+from .anchorfm import AnchorFMEpisodeIE
 from .angel import AngelIE
 from .anvato import AnvatoIE
 from .aol import AolIE
@@ -103,6 +123,7 @@ from .applepodcasts import ApplePodcastsIE
 from .archiveorg import (
     ArchiveOrgIE,
     YoutubeWebArchiveIE,
+    VLiveWebArchiveIE,
 )
 from .arcpublishing import ArcPublishingIE
 from .arkena import ArkenaIE
@@ -170,7 +191,12 @@ from .bbc import (
 from .beeg import BeegIE
 from .behindkink import BehindKinkIE
 from .bellmedia import BellMediaIE
+from .beatbump import (
+    BeatBumpVideoIE,
+    BeatBumpPlaylistIE,
+)
 from .beatport import BeatportIE
+from .berufetv import BerufeTVIE
 from .bet import BetIE
 from .bfi import BFIPlayerIE
 from .bfmtv import (
@@ -184,13 +210,16 @@ from .bigo import BigoIE
 from .bild import BildIE
 from .bilibili import (
     BiliBiliIE,
+    BiliBiliBangumiIE,
+    BiliBiliBangumiMediaIE,
     BiliBiliSearchIE,
     BilibiliCategoryIE,
-    BiliBiliBangumiIE,
     BilibiliAudioIE,
     BilibiliAudioAlbumIE,
     BiliBiliPlayerIE,
-    BilibiliChannelIE,
+    BilibiliSpaceVideoIE,
+    BilibiliSpaceAudioIE,
+    BilibiliSpacePlaylistIE,
     BiliIntlIE,
     BiliIntlSeriesIE,
     BiliLiveIE,
@@ -210,12 +239,15 @@ from .bleacherreport import (
     BleacherReportIE,
     BleacherReportCMSIE,
 )
+from .blerp import BlerpIE
 from .blogger import BloggerIE
 from .bloomberg import BloombergIE
 from .bokecc import BokeCCIE
 from .bongacams import BongaCamsIE
 from .bostonglobe import BostonGlobeIE
 from .box import BoxIE
+from .boxcast import BoxCastVideoIE
+from .booyah import BooyahClipsIE
 from .bpb import BpbIE
 from .br import (
     BRIE,
@@ -229,6 +261,7 @@ from .brightcove import (
     BrightcoveNewIE,
 )
 from .businessinsider import BusinessInsiderIE
+from .bundesliga import BundesligaIE
 from .buzzfeed import BuzzFeedIE
 from .byutv import BYUtvIE
 from .c56 import C56IE
@@ -241,6 +274,7 @@ from .camdemy import (
     CamdemyFolderIE
 )
 from .cammodels import CamModelsIE
+from .camsoda import CamsodaIE
 from .camtasia import CamtasiaEmbedIE
 from .camwithher import CamWithHerIE
 from .canalalpha import CanalAlphaIE
@@ -304,6 +338,7 @@ from .chirbit import (
 )
 from .cinchcast import CinchcastIE
 from .cinemax import CinemaxIE
+from .cinetecamilano import CinetecaMilanoIE
 from .ciscolive import (
     CiscoLiveSessionIE,
     CiscoLiveSearchIE,
@@ -328,6 +363,7 @@ from .cnn import (
     CNNIE,
     CNNBlogsIE,
     CNNArticleIE,
+    CNNIndonesiaIE,
 )
 from .coub import CoubIE
 from .comedycentral import (
@@ -357,8 +393,6 @@ from .crowdbunker import (
     CrowdBunkerChannelIE,
 )
 from .crunchyroll import (
-    CrunchyrollIE,
-    CrunchyrollShowPlaylistIE,
     CrunchyrollBetaIE,
     CrunchyrollBetaShowIE,
 )
@@ -410,7 +444,7 @@ from .deezer import (
     DeezerShowIE,
 )
 from .democracynow import DemocracynowIE
-from .detik import Detik20IE
+from .detik import DetikEmbedIE
 from .dfb import DFBIE
 from .dhm import DHMIE
 from .digg import DiggIE
@@ -437,6 +471,7 @@ from .dplay import (
     AnimalPlanetIE,
     TLCIE,
     MotorTrendIE,
+    MotorTrendOnDemandIE,
     DiscoveryPlusIndiaIE,
     DiscoveryNetworksDeIE,
     DiscoveryPlusItalyIE,
@@ -449,6 +484,8 @@ from .drtuber import DrTuberIE
 from .drtv import (
     DRTVIE,
     DRTVLiveIE,
+    DRTVSeasonIE,
+    DRTVSeriesIE,
 )
 from .dtube import DTubeIE
 from .dvtv import DVTVIE
@@ -458,11 +495,14 @@ from .duboku import (
 )
 from .dumpert import DumpertIE
 from .defense import DefenseGouvFrIE
+from .deuxm import (
+    DeuxMIE,
+    DeuxMNewsIE
+)
 from .digitalconcerthall import DigitalConcertHallIE
 from .discovery import DiscoveryIE
 from .disney import DisneyIE
 from .dispeak import DigitallySpeakingIE
-from .doodstream import DoodStreamIE
 from .dropbox import DropboxIE
 from .dropout import (
     DropoutSeasonIE,
@@ -474,6 +514,7 @@ from .dw import (
 )
 from .eagleplatform import EaglePlatformIE, ClipYouEmbedIE
 from .ebaumsworld import EbaumsWorldIE
+from .ebay import EbayIE
 from .echomsk import EchoMskIE
 from .egghead import (
     EggheadCourseIE,
@@ -516,7 +557,7 @@ from .espn import (
     ESPNCricInfoIE,
 )
 from .esri import EsriVideoIE
-from .europa import EuropaIE
+from .europa import EuropaIE, EuroParlWebstreamIE
 from .europeantour import EuropeanTourIE
 from .eurosport import EurosportIE
 from .euscreen import EUScreenIE
@@ -574,6 +615,7 @@ from .foxgay import FoxgayIE
 from .foxnews import (
     FoxNewsIE,
     FoxNewsArticleIE,
+    FoxNewsVideoIE,
 )
 from .foxsports import FoxSportsIE
 from .fptplay import FptplayIE
@@ -624,6 +666,10 @@ from .gazeta import GazetaIE
 from .gdcvault import GDCVaultIE
 from .gedidigital import GediDigitalIE
 from .generic import GenericIE
+from .genius import (
+    GeniusIE,
+    GeniusLyricsIE,
+)
 from .gettr import (
     GettrIE,
     GettrStreamingIE,
@@ -651,6 +697,7 @@ from .googlepodcasts import (
 )
 from .googlesearch import GoogleSearchIE
 from .gopro import GoProIE
+from .goplay import GoPlayIE
 from .goshgay import GoshgayIE
 from .gotostage import GoToStageIE
 from .gputechconf import GPUTechConfIE
@@ -679,6 +726,7 @@ from .hotstar import (
     HotStarIE,
     HotStarPrefixIE,
     HotStarPlaylistIE,
+    HotStarSeasonIE,
     HotStarSeriesIE,
 )
 from .howcast import HowcastIE
@@ -692,7 +740,10 @@ from .hse import (
     HSEShowIE,
     HSEProductIE,
 )
-from .genericembeds import HTML5MediaEmbedIE
+from .genericembeds import (
+    HTML5MediaEmbedIE,
+    QuotedHTMLIE,
+)
 from .huajiao import HuajiaoIE
 from .huya import HuyaLiveIE
 from .huffpost import HuffPostIE
@@ -702,6 +753,7 @@ from .hungama import (
     HungamaAlbumPlaylistIE,
 )
 from .hypem import HypemIE
+from .hypergryph import MonsterSirenHypergryphMusicIE
 from .hytale import HytaleIE
 from .icareus import IcareusIE
 from .ichinanalive import (
@@ -717,6 +769,7 @@ from .iheart import (
     IHeartRadioIE,
     IHeartRadioPodcastIE,
 )
+from .iltalehti import IltalehtiIE
 from .imdb import (
     ImdbIE,
     ImdbListIE
@@ -752,6 +805,7 @@ from .islamchannel import (
     IslamChannelIE,
     IslamChannelSeriesIE,
 )
+from .israelnationalnews import IsraelNationalNewsIE
 from .itprotv import (
     ITProTVIE,
     ITProTVCourseIE
@@ -780,12 +834,21 @@ from .jamendo import (
     JamendoIE,
     JamendoAlbumIE,
 )
+from .japandiet import (
+    ShugiinItvLiveIE,
+    ShugiinItvLiveRoomIE,
+    ShugiinItvVodIE,
+    SangiinInstructionIE,
+    SangiinIE,
+)
 from .jeuxvideo import JeuxVideoIE
 from .jove import JoveIE
 from .joj import JojIE
 from .jwplatform import JWPlatformIE
 from .kakao import KakaoIE
 from .kaltura import KalturaIE
+from .kanal2 import Kanal2IE
+from .kankanews import KankaNewsIE
 from .karaoketv import KaraoketvIE
 from .karrierevideos import KarriereVideosIE
 from .keezmovies import KeezMoviesIE
@@ -795,10 +858,15 @@ from .khanacademy import (
     KhanAcademyIE,
     KhanAcademyUnitIE,
 )
+from .kick import (
+    KickIE,
+    KickVODIE,
+)
 from .kicker import KickerIE
 from .kickstarter import KickStarterIE
 from .kinja import KinjaEmbedIE
 from .kinopoisk import KinoPoiskIE
+from .kommunetv import KommunetvIE
 from .kompas import KompasVideoIE
 from .konserthusetplay import KonserthusetPlayIE
 from .koo import KooIE
@@ -850,6 +918,10 @@ from .leeco import (
     LePlaylistIE,
     LetvCloudIE,
 )
+from .lefigaro import (
+    LeFigaroVideoEmbedIE,
+    LeFigaroVideoSectionIE,
+)
 from .lego import LEGOIE
 from .lemonde import LemondeIE
 from .lenta import LentaIE
@@ -879,6 +951,7 @@ from .linkedin import (
 )
 from .linuxacademy import LinuxAcademyIE
 from .liputan6 import Liputan6IE
+from .listennotes import ListenNotesIE
 from .litv import LiTVIE
 from .livejournal import LiveJournalIE
 from .livestream import (
@@ -897,6 +970,9 @@ from .lrt import (
     LRTVODIE,
     LRTStreamIE
 )
+from .lumni import (
+    LumniIE
+)
 from .lynda import (
     LyndaIE,
     LyndaCourseIE
@@ -941,6 +1017,10 @@ from .mediasite import (
     MediasiteCatalogIE,
     MediasiteNamedCatalogIE,
 )
+from .mediastream import (
+    MediaStreamIE,
+    WinSportsVideoIE,
+)
 from .mediaworksnz import MediaWorksNZVODIE
 from .medici import MediciIE
 from .megaphone import MegaphoneIE
@@ -957,6 +1037,7 @@ from .microsoftvirtualacademy import (
     MicrosoftVirtualAcademyIE,
     MicrosoftVirtualAcademyCourseIE,
 )
+from .microsoftembed import MicrosoftEmbedIE
 from .mildom import (
     MildomIE,
     MildomVodIE,
@@ -991,6 +1072,7 @@ from .mlb import (
     MLBIE,
     MLBVideoIE,
     MLBTVIE,
+    MLBArticleIE,
 )
 from .mlssoccer import MLSSoccerIE
 from .mnet import MnetIE
@@ -1078,6 +1160,7 @@ from .nbc import (
     NBCSportsIE,
     NBCSportsStreamIE,
     NBCSportsVPlayerIE,
+    NBCStationsIE,
 )
 from .ndr import (
     NDRIE,
@@ -1106,6 +1189,7 @@ from .neteasemusic import (
 from .netverse import (
     NetverseIE,
     NetversePlaylistIE,
+    NetverseSearchIE,
 )
 from .newgrounds import (
     NewgroundsIE,
@@ -1130,6 +1214,8 @@ from .nfhsnetwork import NFHSNetworkIE
 from .nfl import (
     NFLIE,
     NFLArticleIE,
+    NFLPlusEpisodeIE,
+    NFLPlusReplayIE,
 )
 from .nhk import (
     NhkVodIE,
@@ -1167,11 +1253,13 @@ from .nintendo import NintendoIE
 from .nitter import NitterIE
 from .njpwworld import NJPWWorldIE
 from .nobelprize import NobelPrizeIE
+from .noice import NoicePodcastIE
 from .nonktube import NonkTubeIE
 from .noodlemagazine import NoodleMagazineIE
 from .noovo import NoovoIE
 from .normalboots import NormalbootsIE
 from .nosvideo import NosVideoIE
+from .nosnl import NOSNLArticleIE
 from .nova import (
     NovaEmbedIE,
     NovaIE,
@@ -1211,6 +1299,7 @@ from .nrl import NRLTVIE
 from .ntvcojp import NTVCoJpCUIE
 from .ntvde import NTVDeIE
 from .ntvru import NTVRuIE
+from .nubilesporn import NubilesPornIE
 from .nytimes import (
     NYTimesIE,
     NYTimesArticleIE,
@@ -1218,14 +1307,22 @@ from .nytimes import (
 )
 from .nuvid import NuvidIE
 from .nzherald import NZHeraldIE
+from .nzonscreen import NZOnScreenIE
 from .nzz import NZZIE
 from .odatv import OdaTVIE
+from .odkmedia import OnDemandChinaEpisodeIE
 from .odnoklassniki import OdnoklassnikiIE
+from .oftv import (
+    OfTVIE,
+    OfTVPlaylistIE
+)
 from .oktoberfesttv import OktoberfestTVIE
 from .olympics import OlympicsReplayIE
 from .on24 import On24IE
 from .ondemandkorea import OnDemandKoreaIE
 from .onefootball import OneFootballIE
+from .onenewsnz import OneNewsNZIE
+from .oneplace import OnePlacePodcastIE
 from .onet import (
     OnetIE,
     OnetChannelIE,
@@ -1334,6 +1431,7 @@ from .pluralsight import (
     PluralsightIE,
     PluralsightCourseIE,
 )
+from .podbayfm import PodbayFMIE, PodbayFMChannelIE
 from .podchaser import PodchaserIE
 from .podomatic import PodomaticIE
 from .pokemon import (
@@ -1347,6 +1445,8 @@ from .pokergo import (
 from .polsatgo import PolsatGoIE
 from .polskieradio import (
     PolskieRadioIE,
+    PolskieRadioLegacyIE,
+    PolskieRadioAuditionIE,
     PolskieRadioCategoryIE,
     PolskieRadioPlayerIE,
     PolskieRadioPodcastIE,
@@ -1374,6 +1474,8 @@ from .puhutv import (
     PuhuTVIE,
     PuhuTVSerieIE,
 )
+from .pr0gramm import Pr0grammStaticIE, Pr0grammIE
+from .prankcast import PrankCastIE
 from .premiershiprugby import PremiershipRugbyIE
 from .presstv import PressTVIE
 from .projectveritas import ProjectVeritasIE
@@ -1387,6 +1489,7 @@ from .prx import (
 )
 from .puls4 import Puls4IE
 from .pyvideo import PyvideoIE
+from .qingting import QingTingIE
 from .qqmusic import (
     QQMusicIE,
     QQMusicSingerIE,
@@ -1433,6 +1536,10 @@ from .raywenderlich import (
     RayWenderlichCourseIE,
 )
 from .rbmaradio import RBMARadioIE
+from .rbgtum import (
+    RbgTumIE,
+    RbgTumCourseIE,
+)
 from .rcs import (
     RCSIE,
     RCSEmbedsIE,
@@ -1477,7 +1584,10 @@ from .rokfin import (
 )
 from .roosterteeth import RoosterTeethIE, RoosterTeethSeriesIE
 from .rottentomatoes import RottenTomatoesIE
-from .rozhlas import RozhlasIE
+from .rozhlas import (
+    RozhlasIE,
+    RozhlasVltavaIE,
+)
 from .rte import RteIE, RteRadioIE
 from .rtlnl import (
     RtlNlIE,
@@ -1514,6 +1624,7 @@ from .ruhd import RUHDIE
 from .rule34video import Rule34VideoIE
 from .rumble import (
     RumbleEmbedIE,
+    RumbleIE,
     RumbleChannelIE,
 )
 from .rutube import (
@@ -1554,7 +1665,9 @@ from .samplefocus import SampleFocusIE
 from .sapo import SapoIE
 from .savefrom import SaveFromIE
 from .sbs import SBSIE
+from .screen9 import Screen9IE
 from .screencast import ScreencastIE
+from .screencastify import ScreencastifyIE
 from .screencastomatic import ScreencastOMaticIE
 from .scrippsnetworks import (
     ScrippsNetworksWatchIE,
@@ -1584,6 +1697,7 @@ from .shared import (
     VivoIE,
 )
 from .sharevideos import ShareVideosEmbedIE
+from .sibnet import SibnetEmbedIE
 from .shemaroome import ShemarooMeIE
 from .showroomlive import ShowRoomLiveIE
 from .simplecast import (
@@ -1599,7 +1713,6 @@ from .skyit import (
     SkyItVideoIE,
     SkyItVideoLiveIE,
     SkyItIE,
-    SkyItAcademyIE,
     SkyItArteIE,
     CieloTVItIE,
     TV8ItIE,
@@ -1619,6 +1732,7 @@ from .sky import (
 from .slideshare import SlideshareIE
 from .slideslive import SlidesLiveIE
 from .slutload import SlutloadIE
+from .smotrim import SmotrimIE
 from .snotr import SnotrIE
 from .sohu import SohuIE
 from .sonyliv import (
@@ -1631,6 +1745,7 @@ from .soundcloud import (
     SoundcloudSetIE,
     SoundcloudRelatedIE,
     SoundcloudUserIE,
+    SoundcloudUserPermalinkIE,
     SoundcloudTrackStationIE,
     SoundcloudPlaylistIE,
     SoundcloudSearchIE,
@@ -1718,6 +1833,7 @@ from .svt import (
     SVTPlayIE,
     SVTSeriesIE,
 )
+from .swearnet import SwearnetEpisodeIE
 from .swrmediathek import SWRMediathekIE
 from .syvdk import SYVDKIE
 from .syfy import SyfyIE
@@ -1735,7 +1851,10 @@ from .teachertube import (
     TeacherTubeUserIE,
 )
 from .teachingchannel import TeachingChannelIE
-from .teamcoco import TeamcocoIE
+from .teamcoco import (
+    TeamcocoIE,
+    ConanClassicIE,
+)
 from .teamtreehouse import TeamTreeHouseIE
 from .techtalks import TechTalksIE
 from .ted import (
@@ -1747,6 +1866,7 @@ from .ted import (
 from .tele5 import Tele5IE
 from .tele13 import Tele13IE
 from .telebruxelles import TeleBruxellesIE
+from .telecaribe import TelecaribePlayIE
 from .telecinco import TelecincoIE
 from .telegraaf import TelegraafIE
 from .telegram import TelegramEmbedIE
@@ -1761,8 +1881,10 @@ from .telequebec import (
 )
 from .teletask import TeleTaskIE
 from .telewebion import TelewebionIE
-from .tempo import TempoIE
+from .tempo import TempoIE, IVXPlayerIE
 from .tencent import (
+    IflixEpisodeIE,
+    IflixSeriesIE,
     VQQSeriesIE,
     VQQVideoIE,
     WeTvEpisodeIE,
@@ -1789,6 +1911,11 @@ from .theweatherchannel import TheWeatherChannelIE
 from .thisamericanlife import ThisAmericanLifeIE
 from .thisav import ThisAVIE
 from .thisoldhouse import ThisOldHouseIE
+from .thisvid import (
+    ThisVidIE,
+    ThisVidMemberIE,
+    ThisVidPlaylistIE,
+)
 from .threespeak import (
     ThreeSpeakIE,
     ThreeSpeakUserIE,
@@ -1801,6 +1928,7 @@ from .tiktok import (
     TikTokEffectIE,
     TikTokTagIE,
     TikTokVMIE,
+    TikTokLiveIE,
     DouyinIE,
 )
 from .tinypic import TinyPicIE
@@ -1838,6 +1966,7 @@ from .trovo import (
     TrovoChannelVodIE,
     TrovoChannelClipIE,
 )
+from .trtcocuk import TrtCocukVideoIE
 from .trueid import TrueIDIE
 from .trunews import TruNewsIE
 from .truth import TruthIE
@@ -1850,10 +1979,9 @@ from .tubitv import (
 )
 from .tumblr import TumblrIE
 from .tunein import (
-    TuneInClipIE,
     TuneInStationIE,
-    TuneInProgramIE,
-    TuneInTopicIE,
+    TuneInPodcastIE,
+    TuneInPodcastEpisodeIE,
     TuneInShortenerIE,
 )
 from .tunepk import TunePkIE
@@ -1864,6 +1992,9 @@ from .tv2 import (
     KatsomoIE,
     MTVUutisetArticleIE,
 )
+from .tv24ua import (
+    TV24UAVideoIE,
+)
 from .tv2dk import (
     TV2DKIE,
     TV2DKBornholmPlayIE,
@@ -1913,7 +2044,8 @@ from .tvp import (
     TVPEmbedIE,
     TVPIE,
     TVPStreamIE,
-    TVPWebsiteIE,
+    TVPVODSeriesIE,
+    TVPVODVideoIE,
 )
 from .tvplay import (
     TVPlayIE,
@@ -1944,8 +2076,13 @@ from .twitter import (
     TwitterIE,
     TwitterAmplifyIE,
     TwitterBroadcastIE,
+    TwitterSpacesIE,
     TwitterShortenerIE,
 )
+from .txxx import (
+    TxxxIE,
+    PornTopIE,
+)
 from .udemy import (
     UdemyIE,
     UdemyCourseIE
@@ -1966,6 +2103,8 @@ from .drooble import DroobleIE
 from .umg import UMGDeIE
 from .unistra import UnistraIE
 from .unity import UnityIE
+from .unscripted import UnscriptedNewsVideoIE
+from .unsupported import KnownDRMIE, KnownPiracyIE
 from .uol import UOLIE
 from .uplynk import (
     UplynkIE,
@@ -1985,7 +2124,10 @@ from .varzesh3 import Varzesh3IE
 from .vbox7 import Vbox7IE
 from .veehd import VeeHDIE
 from .veo import VeoIE
-from .veoh import VeohIE
+from .veoh import (
+    VeohIE,
+    VeohUserIE
+)
 from .vesti import VestiIE
 from .vevo import (
     VevoIE,
@@ -2011,6 +2153,13 @@ from .videocampus_sachsen import (
 )
 from .videodetective import VideoDetectiveIE
 from .videofyme import VideofyMeIE
+from .videoken import (
+    VideoKenIE,
+    VideoKenPlayerIE,
+    VideoKenPlaylistIE,
+    VideoKenCategoryIE,
+    VideoKenTopicIE,
+)
 from .videomore import (
     VideomoreIE,
     VideomoreVideoIE,
@@ -2023,7 +2172,6 @@ from .vidio import (
     VidioLiveIE
 )
 from .vidlii import VidLiiIE
-from .vier import VierIE, VierVideosIE
 from .viewlift import (
     ViewLiftIE,
     ViewLiftEmbedIE,
@@ -2036,6 +2184,7 @@ from .vimeo import (
     VimeoGroupsIE,
     VimeoLikesIE,
     VimeoOndemandIE,
+    VimeoProIE,
     VimeoReviewIE,
     VimeoUserIE,
     VimeoWatchLaterIE,
@@ -2059,17 +2208,14 @@ from .viu import (
     ViuIE,
     ViuPlaylistIE,
     ViuOTTIE,
+    ViuOTTIndonesiaIE,
 )
 from .vk import (
     VKIE,
     VKUserVideosIE,
     VKWallPostIE,
 )
-from .vlive import (
-    VLiveIE,
-    VLivePostIE,
-    VLiveChannelIE,
-)
+from .vocaroo import VocarooIE
 from .vodlocker import VodlockerIE
 from .vodpl import VODPlIE
 from .vodplatform import VODPlatformIE
@@ -2078,6 +2224,7 @@ from .voicy import (
     VoicyIE,
     VoicyChannelIE,
 )
+from .volejtv import VolejTVIE
 from .voot import (
     VootIE,
     VootSeriesIE,
@@ -2123,6 +2270,7 @@ from .wdr import (
     WDRElefantIE,
     WDRMobileIE,
 )
+from .webcamerapl import WebcameraplIE
 from .webcaster import (
     WebcasterIE,
     WebcasterFeedIE,
@@ -2143,17 +2291,27 @@ from .whowatch import WhoWatchIE
 from .wistia import (
     WistiaIE,
     WistiaPlaylistIE,
+    WistiaChannelIE,
+)
+from .wordpress import (
+    WordpressPlaylistEmbedIE,
+    WordpressMiniAudioPlayerEmbedIE,
 )
 from .worldstarhiphop import WorldStarHipHopIE
 from .wppilot import (
     WPPilotIE,
     WPPilotChannelsIE,
 )
+from .wrestleuniverse import (
+    WrestleUniverseVODIE,
+    WrestleUniversePPVIE,
+)
 from .wsj import (
     WSJIE,
     WSJArticleIE,
 )
 from .wwe import WWEIE
+from .xanimu import XanimuIE
 from .xbef import XBefIE
 from .xboxclips import XboxClipsIE
 from .xfileshare import XFileShareIE
@@ -2162,12 +2320,6 @@ from .xhamster import (
     XHamsterEmbedIE,
     XHamsterUserIE,
 )
-from .xiami import (
-    XiamiSongIE,
-    XiamiAlbumIE,
-    XiamiArtistIE,
-    XiamiCollectionIE
-)
 from .ximalaya import (
     XimalayaIE,
     XimalayaAlbumIE
@@ -2178,7 +2330,10 @@ from .xnxx import XNXXIE
 from .xstream import XstreamIE
 from .xtube import XTubeUserIE, XTubeIE
 from .xuite import XuiteIE
-from .xvideos import XVideosIE
+from .xvideos import (
+    XVideosIE,
+    XVideosQuickiesIE
+)
 from .xxxymovies import XXXYMoviesIE
 from .yahoo import (
     YahooIE,
@@ -2202,8 +2357,10 @@ from .yandexvideo import (
     ZenYandexChannelIE,
 )
 from .yapfiles import YapFilesIE
+from .yappy import YappyIE
 from .yesjapan import YesJapanIE
 from .yinyuetai import YinYueTaiIE
+from .yle_areena import YleAreenaIE
 from .ynet import YnetIE
 from .youjizz import YouJizzIE
 from .youku import (
@@ -2266,6 +2423,7 @@ from .zee5 import (
     Zee5IE,
     Zee5SeriesIE,
 )
+from .zeenews import ZeeNewsIE
 from .zhihu import ZhihuIE
 from .zingmp3 import (
     ZingMp3IE,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/abc.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/abc.py
index 03f10ab23d..0ca76b85a8 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/abc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/abc.py
@@ -155,8 +155,6 @@ class ABCIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': format_id
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': self._og_search_title(webpage),
@@ -221,7 +219,6 @@ class ABCIViewIE(InfoExtractor):
                 entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
             if formats:
                 break
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         src_vtt = stream.get('captions', {}).get('src-vtt')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/abcotvs.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/abcotvs.py
index 44a9f8ca5e..6dca19de41 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/abcotvs.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/abcotvs.py
@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ class ABCOTVSIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': mp4_url,
                 'width': 640,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         image = video.get('image') or {}
 
@@ -119,7 +118,6 @@ class ABCOTVSClipsIE(InfoExtractor):
         title = video_data['title']
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             video_data['videoURL'].split('?')[0], video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py
index 9955fb289f..f611c1f2c2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ class AbemaTVBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _generate_aks(cls, deviceid):
         deviceid = deviceid.encode('utf-8')
         # add 1 hour and then drop minute and secs
-        ts_1hour = int((time_seconds(hours=9) // 3600 + 1) * 3600)
+        ts_1hour = int((time_seconds() // 3600 + 1) * 3600)
         time_struct = time.gmtime(ts_1hour)
         ts_1hour_str = str(ts_1hour).encode('utf-8')
 
@@ -190,6 +190,16 @@ class AbemaTVBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         if self._USERTOKEN:
             return self._USERTOKEN
 
+        username, _ = self._get_login_info()
+        AbemaTVBaseIE._USERTOKEN = username and self.cache.load(self._NETRC_MACHINE, username)
+        if AbemaTVBaseIE._USERTOKEN:
+            # try authentication with locally stored token
+            try:
+                self._get_media_token(True)
+                return
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                self.report_warning(f'Failed to login with cached user token; obtaining a fresh one ({e})')
+
         AbemaTVBaseIE._DEVICE_ID = str(uuid.uuid4())
         aks = self._generate_aks(self._DEVICE_ID)
         user_data = self._download_json(
@@ -300,6 +310,11 @@ class AbemaTVIE(AbemaTVBaseIE):
     _TIMETABLE = None
 
     def _perform_login(self, username, password):
+        self._get_device_token()
+        if self.cache.load(self._NETRC_MACHINE, username) and self._get_media_token():
+            self.write_debug('Skipping logging in')
+            return
+
         if '@' in username:  # don't strictly check if it's email address or not
             ep, method = 'user/email', 'email'
         else:
@@ -319,6 +334,7 @@ class AbemaTVIE(AbemaTVBaseIE):
 
         AbemaTVBaseIE._USERTOKEN = login_response['token']
         self._get_media_token(True)
+        self.cache.store(self._NETRC_MACHINE, username, AbemaTVBaseIE._USERTOKEN)
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         # starting download using infojson from this extractor is undefined behavior,
@@ -416,7 +432,7 @@ class AbemaTVIE(AbemaTVBaseIE):
                 f'https://api.abema.io/v1/video/programs/{video_id}', video_id,
                 note='Checking playability',
                 headers=headers)
-            ondemand_types = traverse_obj(api_response, ('terms', ..., 'onDemandType'), default=[])
+            ondemand_types = traverse_obj(api_response, ('terms', ..., 'onDemandType'))
             if 3 not in ondemand_types:
                 # cannot acquire decryption key for these streams
                 self.report_warning('This is a premium-only stream')
@@ -489,7 +505,7 @@ class AbemaTVTitleIE(AbemaTVBaseIE):
             })
         yield from (
             self.url_result(f'https://abema.tv/video/episode/{x}')
-            for x in traverse_obj(programs, ('programs', ..., 'id'), default=[]))
+            for x in traverse_obj(programs, ('programs', ..., 'id')))
 
     def _entries(self, playlist_id, series_version):
         return OnDemandPagedList(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/acfun.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/acfun.py
index 615efd9bb0..dc57929445 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/acfun.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/acfun.py
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ class AcFunVideoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     **parse_codecs(video.get('codecs', ''))
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
@@ -84,7 +83,7 @@ class AcFunVideoIE(AcFunVideoBaseIE):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-        json_all = self._search_json(r'window.videoInfo\s*=\s*', webpage, 'videoInfo', video_id)
+        json_all = self._search_json(r'window.videoInfo\s*=', webpage, 'videoInfo', video_id)
 
         title = json_all.get('title')
         video_list = json_all.get('videoList') or []
@@ -161,10 +160,10 @@ class AcFunBangumiIE(AcFunVideoBaseIE):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         ac_idx = parse_qs(url).get('ac', [None])[-1]
-        video_id = f'{video_id}{format_field(ac_idx, template="__%s")}'
+        video_id = f'{video_id}{format_field(ac_idx, None, "__%s")}'
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-        json_bangumi_data = self._search_json(r'window.bangumiData\s*=\s*', webpage, 'bangumiData', video_id)
+        json_bangumi_data = self._search_json(r'window.bangumiData\s*=', webpage, 'bangumiData', video_id)
 
         if ac_idx:
             video_info = json_bangumi_data['hlVideoInfo']
@@ -181,7 +180,7 @@ class AcFunBangumiIE(AcFunVideoBaseIE):
             if v.get('id') == season_id), 1)
 
         json_bangumi_list = self._search_json(
-            r'window\.bangumiList\s*=\s*', webpage, 'bangumiList', video_id, fatal=False)
+            r'window\.bangumiList\s*=', webpage, 'bangumiList', video_id, fatal=False)
         video_internal_id = int_or_none(traverse_obj(json_bangumi_data, ('currentVideoInfo', 'id')))
         episode_number = video_internal_id and next((
             idx for idx, v in enumerate(json_bangumi_list.get('items') or [], 1)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/adn.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/adn.py
index 18ddc5729c..f1f55e87fc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/adn.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/adn.py
@@ -28,30 +28,34 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 
 class ADNIE(InfoExtractor):
-    IE_DESC = 'Anime Digital Network'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?animedigitalnetwork\.fr/video/[^/]+/(?P<id>\d+)'
-    _TEST = {
-        'url': 'http://animedigitalnetwork.fr/video/blue-exorcist-kyoto-saga/7778-episode-1-debut-des-hostilites',
-        'md5': '0319c99885ff5547565cacb4f3f9348d',
+    IE_DESC = 'Animation Digital Network'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:animation|anime)digitalnetwork\.fr/video/[^/]+/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://animationdigitalnetwork.fr/video/fruits-basket/9841-episode-1-a-ce-soir',
+        'md5': '1c9ef066ceb302c86f80c2b371615261',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '7778',
+            'id': '9841',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Blue Exorcist - Kyôto Saga - Episode 1',
-            'description': 'md5:2f7b5aa76edbc1a7a92cedcda8a528d5',
-            'series': 'Blue Exorcist - Kyôto Saga',
-            'duration': 1467,
-            'release_date': '20170106',
+            'title': 'Fruits Basket - Episode 1',
+            'description': 'md5:14be2f72c3c96809b0ca424b0097d336',
+            'series': 'Fruits Basket',
+            'duration': 1437,
+            'release_date': '20190405',
             'comment_count': int,
             'average_rating': float,
-            'season_number': 2,
-            'episode': 'Début des hostilités',
+            'season_number': 1,
+            'episode': 'À ce soir !',
             'episode_number': 1,
-        }
-    }
+        },
+        'skip': 'Only available in region (FR, ...)',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'http://animedigitalnetwork.fr/video/blue-exorcist-kyoto-saga/7778-episode-1-debut-des-hostilites',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
 
-    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'animedigitalnetwork'
-    _BASE_URL = 'http://animedigitalnetwork.fr'
-    _API_BASE_URL = 'https://gw.api.animedigitalnetwork.fr/'
+    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'animationdigitalnetwork'
+    _BASE = 'animationdigitalnetwork.fr'
+    _API_BASE_URL = 'https://gw.api.' + _BASE + '/'
     _PLAYER_BASE_URL = _API_BASE_URL + 'player/'
     _HEADERS = {}
     _LOGIN_ERR_MESSAGE = 'Unable to log in'
@@ -75,11 +79,11 @@ class ADNIE(InfoExtractor):
         if subtitle_location:
             enc_subtitles = self._download_webpage(
                 subtitle_location, video_id, 'Downloading subtitles data',
-                fatal=False, headers={'Origin': 'https://animedigitalnetwork.fr'})
+                fatal=False, headers={'Origin': 'https://' + self._BASE})
         if not enc_subtitles:
             return None
 
-        # http://animedigitalnetwork.fr/components/com_vodvideo/videojs/adn-vjs.min.js
+        # http://animationdigitalnetwork.fr/components/com_vodvideo/videojs/adn-vjs.min.js
         dec_subtitles = unpad_pkcs7(aes_cbc_decrypt_bytes(
             compat_b64decode(enc_subtitles[24:]),
             binascii.unhexlify(self._K + '7fac1178830cfe0c'),
@@ -164,7 +168,7 @@ Format: Marked,Start,End,Style,Name,MarginL,MarginR,MarginV,Effect,Text'''
             }, data=b'')['token']
 
         links_url = try_get(options, lambda x: x['video']['url']) or (video_base_url + 'link')
-        self._K = ''.join([random.choice('0123456789abcdef') for _ in range(16)])
+        self._K = ''.join(random.choices('0123456789abcdef', k=16))
         message = bytes_to_intlist(json.dumps({
             'k': self._K,
             't': token,
@@ -231,7 +235,6 @@ Format: Marked,Start,End,Style,Name,MarginL,MarginR,MarginV,Effect,Text'''
                     for f in m3u8_formats:
                         f['language'] = 'fr'
                 formats.extend(m3u8_formats)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         video = (self._download_json(
             self._API_BASE_URL + 'video/%s' % video_id, video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/adobepass.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/adobepass.py
index ec1be008a3..e5944f7146 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/adobepass.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/adobepass.py
@@ -1352,7 +1352,7 @@ MSO_INFO = {
 }
 
 
-class AdobePassIE(InfoExtractor):
+class AdobePassIE(InfoExtractor):  # XXX: Conventionally, base classes should end with BaseIE/InfoExtractor
     _SERVICE_PROVIDER_TEMPLATE = 'https://sp.auth.adobe.com/adobe-services/%s'
     _USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0'
     _MVPD_CACHE = 'ap-mvpd'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/adobetv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/adobetv.py
index d8e07b3a17..d1525a1af2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/adobetv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/adobetv.py
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ class AdobeTVBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     })
                     s3_extracted = True
             formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -269,7 +268,6 @@ class AdobeTVVideoIE(AdobeTVBaseIE):
                 'width': int_or_none(source.get('width') or None),
                 'url': source_src,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         # For both metadata and downloaded files the duration varies among
         # formats. I just pick the max one
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/adultswim.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/adultswim.py
index 1368954bc6..bd29eb43e5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/adultswim.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/adultswim.py
@@ -180,7 +180,6 @@ class AdultSwimIE(TurnerBaseIE):
                         info['subtitles'].setdefault('en', []).append({
                             'url': asset_url,
                         })
-            self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
 
             return info
         else:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/aenetworks.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/aenetworks.py
index 516cb6302c..d7c401016c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/aenetworks.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/aenetworks.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class AENetworksBaseIE(ThePlatformIE):
+class AENetworksBaseIE(ThePlatformIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _BASE_URL_REGEX = r'''(?x)https?://
         (?:(?:www|play|watch)\.)?
         (?P<domain>
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ class AENetworksBaseIE(ThePlatformIE):
             subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, tp_subtitles)
         if last_e and not formats:
             raise last_e
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
@@ -304,7 +303,6 @@ class HistoryTopicIE(AENetworksBaseIE):
 class HistoryPlayerIE(AENetworksBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'history:player'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<domain>(?:history|biography)\.com)/player/(?P<id>\d+)'
-    _TESTS = []
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         domain, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/aeonco.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/aeonco.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4655862e3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/aeonco.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from .vimeo import VimeoIE
+
+
+class AeonCoIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?aeon\.co/videos/(?P<id>[^/?]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://aeon.co/videos/raw-solar-storm-footage-is-the-punk-rock-antidote-to-sleek-james-webb-imagery',
+        'md5': 'e5884d80552c9b6ea8d268a258753362',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1284717',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Brilliant Noise',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/21006315-1a1e49da8b07fd908384a982b4ba9ff0268c509a474576ebdf7b1392f4acae3b-d_960',
+            'uploader': 'Semiconductor',
+            'uploader_id': 'semiconductor',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://vimeo.com/semiconductor',
+            'duration': 348
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://aeon.co/videos/dazzling-timelapse-shows-how-microbes-spoil-our-food-and-sometimes-enrich-it',
+        'md5': '4e5f3dad9dbda0dbfa2da41a851e631e',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '728595228',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Wrought',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1484618528-c91452611f9a4e4497735a533da60d45b2fe472deb0c880f0afaab0cd2efb22a-d_1280',
+            'uploader': 'Biofilm Productions',
+            'uploader_id': 'user140352216',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://vimeo.com/user140352216',
+            'duration': 1344
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        vimeo_id = self._search_regex(r'hosterId":\s*"(?P<id>[0-9]+)', webpage, 'vimeo id')
+        vimeo_url = VimeoIE._smuggle_referrer(f'https://player.vimeo.com/video/{vimeo_id}', 'https://aeon.co')
+        return self.url_result(vimeo_url, VimeoIE)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/afreecatv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/afreecatv.py
index b0fd158f61..9276fe7997 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/afreecatv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/afreecatv.py
@@ -338,7 +338,6 @@ class AfreecaTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                     }]
                 if not formats and not self.get_param('ignore_no_formats'):
                     continue
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
                 file_info = common_entry.copy()
                 file_info.update({
                     'id': format_id,
@@ -380,7 +379,7 @@ class AfreecaTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         return info
 
 
-class AfreecaTVLiveIE(AfreecaTVIE):
+class AfreecaTVLiveIE(AfreecaTVIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
 
     IE_NAME = 'afreecatv:live'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://play\.afreeca(?:tv)?\.com/(?P<id>[^/]+)(?:/(?P<bno>\d+))?'
@@ -464,8 +463,6 @@ class AfreecaTVLiveIE(AfreecaTVIE):
                     'quality': quality_key(quality_str),
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         station_info = self._download_json(
             'https://st.afreecatv.com/api/get_station_status.php', broadcast_no,
             query={'szBjId': broadcaster_id}, fatal=False,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/agora.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/agora.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..abb2d3ff27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/agora.py
@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+import functools
+import uuid
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    OnDemandPagedList,
+    int_or_none,
+    month_by_name,
+    parse_duration,
+    try_call,
+)
+
+
+class WyborczaVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
+    # this id is not an article id, it has to be extracted from the article
+    _VALID_URL = r'(?:wyborcza:video:|https?://wyborcza\.pl/(?:api-)?video/)(?P<id>\d+)'
+    IE_NAME = 'wyborcza:video'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'wyborcza:video:26207634',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '26207634',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '- Polska w 2020 r. jest innym państwem niż w 2015 r. Nie zmieniła się konstytucja, ale jest to już inny ustrój - mówi Adam Bodnar',
+            'description': ' ',
+            'uploader': 'Dorota Roman',
+            'duration': 2474,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.jpg',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://wyborcza.pl/video/26207634',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://wyborcza.pl/api-video/26207634',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        meta = self._download_json(f'https://wyborcza.pl/api-video/{video_id}', video_id)
+
+        formats = []
+        base_url = meta['redirector'].replace('http://', 'https://') + meta['basePath']
+        for quality in ('standard', 'high'):
+            if not meta['files'].get(quality):
+                continue
+            formats.append({
+                'url': base_url + meta['files'][quality],
+                'height': int_or_none(
+                    self._search_regex(
+                        r'p(\d+)[a-z]+\.mp4$', meta['files'][quality],
+                        'mp4 video height', default=None)),
+                'format_id': quality,
+            })
+        if meta['files'].get('dash'):
+            formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(base_url + meta['files']['dash'], video_id))
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'title': meta.get('title'),
+            'description': meta.get('lead'),
+            'uploader': meta.get('signature'),
+            'thumbnail': meta.get('imageUrl'),
+            'duration': meta.get('duration'),
+        }
+
+
+class WyborczaPodcastIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
+        https?://(?:www\.)?(?:
+            wyborcza\.pl/podcast(?:/0,172673\.html)?|
+            wysokieobcasy\.pl/wysokie-obcasy/0,176631\.html
+        )(?:\?(?:[^&#]+?&)*podcast=(?P<id>\d+))?
+    '''
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://wyborcza.pl/podcast/0,172673.html?podcast=100720#S.main_topic-K.C-B.6-L.1.podcast',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '100720',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'Cyfrodziewczyny. Kim były pionierki polskiej informatyki ',
+            'uploader': 'Michał Nogaś ',
+            'upload_date': '20210117',
+            'description': 'md5:49f0a06ffc4c1931210d3ab1416a651d',
+            'duration': 3684.0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.jpg',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.wysokieobcasy.pl/wysokie-obcasy/0,176631.html?podcast=100673',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '100673',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'Czym jest ubóstwo menstruacyjne i dlaczego dotyczy każdej i każdego z nas?',
+            'uploader': 'Agnieszka Urazińska ',
+            'upload_date': '20210115',
+            'description': 'md5:c161dc035f8dbb60077011fc41274899',
+            'duration': 1803.0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.jpg',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://wyborcza.pl/podcast',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '334',
+            'title': 'Gościnnie: Wyborcza, 8:10',
+            'series': 'Gościnnie: Wyborcza, 8:10',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 370,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.wysokieobcasy.pl/wysokie-obcasy/0,176631.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '395',
+            'title': 'Gościnnie: Wysokie Obcasy',
+            'series': 'Gościnnie: Wysokie Obcasy',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 12,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        podcast_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        if not podcast_id:  # playlist
+            podcast_id = '395' if 'wysokieobcasy.pl/' in url else '334'
+            return self.url_result(TokFMAuditionIE._create_url(podcast_id), TokFMAuditionIE, podcast_id)
+
+        meta = self._download_json('https://wyborcza.pl/api/podcast', podcast_id,
+                                   query={'guid': podcast_id, 'type': 'wo' if 'wysokieobcasy.pl/' in url else None})
+
+        day, month, year = self._search_regex(r'^(\d\d?) (\w+) (\d{4})$', meta.get('publishedDate'),
+                                              'upload date', group=(1, 2, 3), default=(None, None, None))
+        return {
+            'id': podcast_id,
+            'url': meta['url'],
+            'title': meta.get('title'),
+            'description': meta.get('description'),
+            'thumbnail': meta.get('imageUrl'),
+            'duration': parse_duration(meta.get('duration')),
+            'uploader': meta.get('author'),
+            'upload_date': try_call(lambda: f'{year}{month_by_name(month, lang="pl"):0>2}{day:0>2}'),
+        }
+
+
+class TokFMPodcastIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'(?:https?://audycje\.tokfm\.pl/podcast/|tokfm:podcast:)(?P<id>\d+),?'
+    IE_NAME = 'tokfm:podcast'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://audycje.tokfm.pl/podcast/91275,-Systemowy-rasizm-Czy-zamieszki-w-USA-po-morderstwie-w-Minneapolis-doprowadza-do-zmian-w-sluzbach-panstwowych',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '91275',
+            'ext': 'aac',
+            'title': 'md5:a9b15488009065556900169fb8061cce',
+            'episode': 'md5:a9b15488009065556900169fb8061cce',
+            'series': 'Analizy',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        media_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        # in case it breaks see this but it returns a lot of useless data
+        # https://api.podcast.radioagora.pl/api4/getPodcasts?podcast_id=100091&with_guests=true&with_leaders_for_mobile=true
+        metadata = self._download_json(
+            f'https://audycje.tokfm.pl/getp/3{media_id}', media_id, 'Downloading podcast metadata')
+        if not metadata:
+            raise ExtractorError('No such podcast', expected=True)
+        metadata = metadata[0]
+
+        formats = []
+        for ext in ('aac', 'mp3'):
+            url_data = self._download_json(
+                f'https://api.podcast.radioagora.pl/api4/getSongUrl?podcast_id={media_id}&device_id={uuid.uuid4()}&ppre=false&audio={ext}',
+                media_id, 'Downloading podcast %s URL' % ext)
+            # prevents inserting the mp3 (default) multiple times
+            if 'link_ssl' in url_data and f'.{ext}' in url_data['link_ssl']:
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': url_data['link_ssl'],
+                    'ext': ext,
+                    'vcodec': 'none',
+                    'acodec': ext,
+                })
+
+        return {
+            'id': media_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'title': metadata.get('podcast_name'),
+            'series': metadata.get('series_name'),
+            'episode': metadata.get('podcast_name'),
+        }
+
+
+class TokFMAuditionIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'(?:https?://audycje\.tokfm\.pl/audycja/|tokfm:audition:)(?P<id>\d+),?'
+    IE_NAME = 'tokfm:audition'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://audycje.tokfm.pl/audycja/218,Analizy',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '218',
+            'title': 'Analizy',
+            'series': 'Analizy',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 1635,
+    }]
+
+    _PAGE_SIZE = 30
+    _HEADERS = {
+        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 9; Redmi 3S Build/PQ3A.190801.002; wv) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Chrome/87.0.4280.101 Mobile Safari/537.36',
+    }
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _create_url(id):
+        return f'https://audycje.tokfm.pl/audycja/{id}'
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        audition_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        data = self._download_json(
+            f'https://api.podcast.radioagora.pl/api4/getSeries?series_id={audition_id}',
+            audition_id, 'Downloading audition metadata', headers=self._HEADERS)
+        if not data:
+            raise ExtractorError('No such audition', expected=True)
+        data = data[0]
+
+        entries = OnDemandPagedList(functools.partial(
+            self._fetch_page, audition_id, data), self._PAGE_SIZE)
+
+        return {
+            '_type': 'playlist',
+            'id': audition_id,
+            'title': data.get('series_name'),
+            'series': data.get('series_name'),
+            'entries': entries,
+        }
+
+    def _fetch_page(self, audition_id, data, page):
+        for retry in self.RetryManager():
+            podcast_page = self._download_json(
+                f'https://api.podcast.radioagora.pl/api4/getPodcasts?series_id={audition_id}&limit=30&offset={page}&with_guests=true&with_leaders_for_mobile=true',
+                audition_id, f'Downloading podcast list page {page + 1}', headers=self._HEADERS)
+            if not podcast_page:
+                retry.error = ExtractorError('Agora returned empty page', expected=True)
+
+        for podcast in podcast_page:
+            yield {
+                '_type': 'url_transparent',
+                'url': podcast['podcast_sharing_url'],
+                'ie_key': TokFMPodcastIE.ie_key(),
+                'title': podcast.get('podcast_name'),
+                'episode': podcast.get('podcast_name'),
+                'description': podcast.get('podcast_description'),
+                'timestamp': int_or_none(podcast.get('podcast_timestamp')),
+                'series': data.get('series_name'),
+            }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/airtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/airtv.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0b73a966ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/airtv.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from .youtube import YoutubeIE
+from ..utils import (
+    determine_ext,
+    int_or_none,
+    mimetype2ext,
+    parse_iso8601,
+    traverse_obj
+)
+
+
+class AirTVIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.air\.tv/watch\?v=(?P<id>\w+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        # without youtube_id
+        'url': 'https://www.air.tv/watch?v=W87jcWleSn2hXZN47zJZsQ',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'W87jcWleSn2hXZN47zJZsQ',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'release_date': '20221003',
+            'release_timestamp': 1664792603,
+            'channel_id': 'vgfManQlRQKgoFQ8i8peFQ',
+            'title': 'md5:c12d49ed367c3dadaa67659aff43494c',
+            'upload_date': '20221003',
+            'duration': 151,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn-sp-gcs.air.tv/videos/W/8/W87jcWleSn2hXZN47zJZsQ/b13fc56464f47d9d62a36d110b9b5a72-4096x2160_9.jpg',
+            'timestamp': 1664792603,
+        }
+    }, {
+        # with youtube_id
+        'url': 'https://www.air.tv/watch?v=sv57EC8tRXG6h8dNXFUU1Q',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2ZTqmpee-bQ',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'tags': 'count:11',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'uploader': 'Newsflare',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/2ZTqmpee-bQ/maxresdefault.webp',
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'title': 'Geese Chase Alligator Across Golf Course',
+            'uploader_id': 'NewsflareBreaking',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzSSoloGEz10HALUAbYhngQ',
+            'description': 'md5:99b21d9cea59330149efbd9706e208f5',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'channel_id': 'UCzSSoloGEz10HALUAbYhngQ',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/NewsflareBreaking',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'categories': ['News & Politics'],
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'channel': 'Newsflare',
+            'duration': 37,
+            'upload_date': '20180511',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _get_formats_and_subtitle(self, json_data, video_id):
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+        for source in traverse_obj(json_data, 'sources', 'sources_desktop', ...):
+            ext = determine_ext(source.get('src'), mimetype2ext(source.get('type')))
+            if ext == 'm3u8':
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(source.get('src'), video_id)
+                formats.extend(fmts)
+                self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+            else:
+                formats.append({'url': source.get('src'), 'ext': ext})
+        return formats, subtitles
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        nextjs_json = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, display_id)['props']['pageProps']['initialState']['videos'][display_id]
+        if nextjs_json.get('youtube_id'):
+            return self.url_result(
+                f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={nextjs_json.get("youtube_id")}', YoutubeIE)
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._get_formats_and_subtitle(nextjs_json, display_id)
+        return {
+            'id': display_id,
+            'title': nextjs_json.get('title') or self._html_search_meta('og:title', webpage),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'description': nextjs_json.get('description') or None,
+            'duration': int_or_none(nextjs_json.get('duration')),
+            'thumbnails': [
+                {'url': thumbnail}
+                for thumbnail in traverse_obj(nextjs_json, ('default_thumbnails', ...))],
+            'channel_id': traverse_obj(nextjs_json, 'channel', 'channel_slug'),
+            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(nextjs_json.get('created')),
+            'release_timestamp': parse_iso8601(nextjs_json.get('published')),
+            'view_count': int_or_none(nextjs_json.get('views')),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/aitube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/aitube.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..89a64503fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/aitube.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import int_or_none, merge_dicts
+
+
+class AitubeKZVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://aitube\.kz/(?:video|embed/)\?(?:[^\?]+)?id=(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        # id paramater as first parameter
+        'url': 'https://aitube.kz/video?id=9291d29b-c038-49a1-ad42-3da2051d353c&playlistId=d55b1f5f-ef2a-4f23-b646-2a86275b86b7&season=1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '9291d29b-c038-49a1-ad42-3da2051d353c',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'duration': 2174.0,
+            'channel_id': '94962f73-013b-432c-8853-1bd78ca860fe',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'channel': 'ASTANA TV',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'description': 'Смотреть любимые сериалы и видео, поделиться видео и сериалами с друзьями и близкими',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.static02.aitube.kz/kz.aitudala.aitube.staticaccess/files/ddf2a2ff-bee3-409b-b5f2-2a8202bba75b',
+            'upload_date': '20221102',
+            'timestamp': 1667370519,
+            'title': 'Ангел хранитель 1 серия',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+        }
+    }, {
+        # embed url
+        'url': 'https://aitube.kz/embed/?id=9291d29b-c038-49a1-ad42-3da2051d353c',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # id parameter is not as first paramater
+        'url': 'https://aitube.kz/video?season=1&id=9291d29b-c038-49a1-ad42-3da2051d353c&playlistId=d55b1f5f-ef2a-4f23-b646-2a86275b86b7',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        nextjs_data = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, video_id)['props']['pageProps']['videoInfo']
+        json_ld_data = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id)
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+            f'https://api-http.aitube.kz/kz.aitudala.aitube.staticaccess/video/{video_id}/video', video_id)
+
+        return merge_dicts({
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': nextjs_data.get('title') or self._html_search_meta(['name', 'og:title'], webpage),
+            'description': nextjs_data.get('description'),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'view_count': (nextjs_data.get('viewCount')
+                           or int_or_none(self._html_search_meta('ya:ovs:views_total', webpage))),
+            'like_count': nextjs_data.get('likeCount'),
+            'channel': nextjs_data.get('channelTitle'),
+            'channel_id': nextjs_data.get('channelId'),
+            'thumbnail': nextjs_data.get('coverUrl'),
+            'comment_count': nextjs_data.get('commentCount'),
+            'channel_follower_count': int_or_none(nextjs_data.get('channelSubscriberCount')),
+        }, json_ld_data)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/allocine.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/allocine.py
index 1f881e2a09..2d342cf039 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/allocine.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/allocine.py
@@ -112,8 +112,6 @@ class AllocineIE(InfoExtractor):
                 })
             duration, view_count, timestamp = [None] * 3
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'display_id': display_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/alsace20tv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/alsace20tv.py
index d16ab496e9..ea3332e3d5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/alsace20tv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/alsace20tv.py
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ class Alsace20TVBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 self._extract_smil_formats(fmt_url, video_id, fatal=False)
                 if '/smil:_' in fmt_url
                 else self._extract_mpd_formats(fmt_url, video_id, mpd_id=res, fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         webpage = (url and self._download_webpage(url, video_id, fatal=False)) or ''
         thumbnail = url_or_none(dict_get(info, ('image', 'preview', )) or self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/alura.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/alura.py
index b76ccb2a19..bfe066bc68 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/alura.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/alura.py
@@ -63,8 +63,6 @@ class AluraIE(InfoExtractor):
                             f['height'] = int('720' if m.group('res') == 'hd' else '480')
                 formats.extend(video_format)
 
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
-
             return {
                 'id': video_id,
                 'title': video_title,
@@ -113,7 +111,7 @@ class AluraIE(InfoExtractor):
             raise ExtractorError('Unable to log in')
 
 
-class AluraCourseIE(AluraIE):
+class AluraCourseIE(AluraIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
 
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:cursos\.)?alura\.com\.br/course/(?P<id>[^/]+)'
     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://cursos.alura.com.br/loginForm?urlAfterLogin=/loginForm'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/amazon.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/amazon.py
index 56a8d844ac..a03f983e0e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/amazon.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/amazon.py
@@ -1,5 +1,17 @@
+import re
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import ExtractorError, int_or_none
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    clean_html,
+    float_or_none,
+    get_element_by_attribute,
+    get_element_by_class,
+    int_or_none,
+    js_to_json,
+    traverse_obj,
+    url_or_none,
+)
 
 
 class AmazonStoreIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -9,7 +21,7 @@ class AmazonStoreIE(InfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B098XNCHLD/',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'B098XNCHLD',
-            'title': 'md5:5f3194dbf75a8dcfc83079bd63a2abed',
+            'title': str,
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 1,
         'playlist': [{
@@ -18,31 +30,45 @@ class AmazonStoreIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': 'mcdodo usb c cable 100W 5a',
                 'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+                'duration': 34,
             },
-        }]
+        }],
+        'expected_warnings': ['Unable to extract data'],
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.amazon.in/Sony-WH-1000XM4-Cancelling-Headphones-Bluetooth/dp/B0863TXGM3',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'B0863TXGM3',
-            'title': 'md5:b0bde4881d3cfd40d63af19f7898b8ff',
+            'title': str,
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 4,
+        'expected_warnings': ['Unable to extract data'],
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0845NXCXF/',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'B0845NXCXF',
-            'title': 'md5:2145cd4e3c7782f1ee73649a3cff1171',
+            'title': str,
         },
         'playlist-mincount': 1,
+        'expected_warnings': ['Unable to extract data'],
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.amazon.es/Samsung-Smartphone-s-AMOLED-Quad-c%C3%A1mara-espa%C3%B1ola/dp/B08WX337PQ',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'B08WX337PQ',
+            'title': str,
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 1,
+        'expected_warnings': ['Unable to extract data'],
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         id = self._match_id(url)
 
-        for retry in self.RetryManager(fatal=True):
+        for retry in self.RetryManager():
             webpage = self._download_webpage(url, id)
             try:
-                data_json = self._parse_json(self._html_search_regex(r'var\s?obj\s?=\s?jQuery\.parseJSON\(\'(.*)\'\)', webpage, 'data'), id)
+                data_json = self._search_json(
+                    r'var\s?obj\s?=\s?jQuery\.parseJSON\(\'', webpage, 'data', id,
+                    transform_source=js_to_json)
             except ExtractorError as e:
                 retry.error = e
 
@@ -55,4 +81,90 @@ class AmazonStoreIE(InfoExtractor):
             'height': int_or_none(video.get('videoHeight')),
             'width': int_or_none(video.get('videoWidth')),
         } for video in (data_json.get('videos') or []) if video.get('isVideo') and video.get('url')]
-        return self.playlist_result(entries, playlist_id=id, playlist_title=data_json['title'])
+        return self.playlist_result(entries, playlist_id=id, playlist_title=data_json.get('title'))
+
+
+class AmazonReviewsIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?amazon\.(?:[a-z]{2,3})(?:\.[a-z]{2})?/gp/customer-reviews/(?P<id>[^/&#$?]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.amazon.com/gp/customer-reviews/R10VE9VUSY19L3/ref=cm_cr_arp_d_rvw_ttl',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'R10VE9VUSY19L3',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Get squad #Suspicious',
+            'description': 'md5:7012695052f440a1e064e402d87e0afb',
+            'uploader': 'Kimberly Cronkright',
+            'average_rating': 1.0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Review body was not found in webpage'],
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.amazon.com/gp/customer-reviews/R10VE9VUSY19L3/ref=cm_cr_arp_d_rvw_ttl?language=es_US',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'R10VE9VUSY19L3',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Get squad #Suspicious',
+            'description': 'md5:7012695052f440a1e064e402d87e0afb',
+            'uploader': 'Kimberly Cronkright',
+            'average_rating': 1.0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Review body was not found in webpage'],
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.amazon.in/gp/customer-reviews/RV1CO8JN5VGXV/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'RV1CO8JN5VGXV',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Not sure about its durability',
+            'description': 'md5:1a252c106357f0a3109ebf37d2e87494',
+            'uploader': 'Shoaib Gulzar',
+            'average_rating': 2.0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Review body was not found in webpage'],
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        for retry in self.RetryManager():
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+            review_body = get_element_by_attribute('data-hook', 'review-body', webpage)
+            if not review_body:
+                retry.error = ExtractorError('Review body was not found in webpage', expected=True)
+
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+
+        manifest_url = self._search_regex(
+            r'data-video-url="([^"]+)"', review_body, 'm3u8 url', default=None)
+        if url_or_none(manifest_url):
+            fmts, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
+            formats.extend(fmts)
+
+        video_url = self._search_regex(
+            r'<input[^>]+\bvalue="([^"]+)"[^>]+\bclass="video-url"', review_body, 'mp4 url', default=None)
+        if url_or_none(video_url):
+            formats.append({
+                'url': video_url,
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'format_id': 'http-mp4',
+            })
+
+        if not formats:
+            self.raise_no_formats('No video found for this customer review', expected=True)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': (clean_html(get_element_by_attribute('data-hook', 'review-title', webpage))
+                      or self._html_extract_title(webpage)),
+            'description': clean_html(traverse_obj(re.findall(
+                r'<span(?:\s+class="cr-original-review-content")?>(.+?)</span>', review_body), -1)),
+            'uploader': clean_html(get_element_by_class('a-profile-name', webpage)),
+            'average_rating': float_or_none(clean_html(get_element_by_attribute(
+                'data-hook', 'review-star-rating', webpage) or '').partition(' ')[0]),
+            'thumbnail': self._search_regex(
+                r'data-thumbnail-url="([^"]+)"', review_body, 'thumbnail', default=None),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/amazonminitv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/amazonminitv.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b57d985d10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/amazonminitv.py
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+import json
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import ExtractorError, int_or_none, traverse_obj, try_get
+
+
+class AmazonMiniTVBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        self._download_webpage(
+            'https://www.amazon.in/minitv', None,
+            note='Fetching guest session cookies')
+        AmazonMiniTVBaseIE.session_id = self._get_cookies('https://www.amazon.in')['session-id'].value
+
+    def _call_api(self, asin, data=None, note=None):
+        device = {'clientId': 'ATVIN', 'deviceLocale': 'en_GB'}
+        if data:
+            data['variables'].update({
+                'contentType': 'VOD',
+                'sessionIdToken': self.session_id,
+                **device,
+            })
+
+        resp = self._download_json(
+            f'https://www.amazon.in/minitv/api/web/{"graphql" if data else "prs"}',
+            asin, note=note, headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
+            data=json.dumps(data).encode() if data else None,
+            query=None if data else {
+                'deviceType': 'A1WMMUXPCUJL4N',
+                'contentId': asin,
+                **device,
+            })
+
+        if resp.get('errors'):
+            raise ExtractorError(f'MiniTV said: {resp["errors"][0]["message"]}')
+        elif not data:
+            return resp
+        return resp['data'][data['operationName']]
+
+
+class AmazonMiniTVIE(AmazonMiniTVBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'(?:https?://(?:www\.)?amazon\.in/minitv/tp/|amazonminitv:(?:amzn1\.dv\.gti\.)?)(?P<id>[a-f0-9-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.amazon.in/minitv/tp/75fe3a75-b8fe-4499-8100-5c9424344840?referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.in%2Fminitv',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'amzn1.dv.gti.75fe3a75-b8fe-4499-8100-5c9424344840',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'May I Kiss You?',
+            'language': 'Hindi',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'description': 'md5:a549bfc747973e04feb707833474e59d',
+            'release_timestamp': 1644710400,
+            'release_date': '20220213',
+            'duration': 846,
+            'chapters': 'count:2',
+            'series': 'Couple Goals',
+            'series_id': 'amzn1.dv.gti.56521d46-b040-4fd5-872e-3e70476a04b0',
+            'season': 'Season 3',
+            'season_number': 3,
+            'season_id': 'amzn1.dv.gti.20331016-d9b9-4968-b991-c89fa4927a36',
+            'episode': 'May I Kiss You?',
+            'episode_number': 2,
+            'episode_id': 'amzn1.dv.gti.75fe3a75-b8fe-4499-8100-5c9424344840',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.amazon.in/minitv/tp/280d2564-584f-452f-9c98-7baf906e01ab?referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.in%2Fminitv',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'amzn1.dv.gti.280d2564-584f-452f-9c98-7baf906e01ab',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Jahaan',
+            'language': 'Hindi',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'description': 'md5:05eb765a77bf703f322f120ec6867339',
+            'release_timestamp': 1647475200,
+            'release_date': '20220317',
+            'duration': 783,
+            'chapters': [],
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.amazon.in/minitv/tp/280d2564-584f-452f-9c98-7baf906e01ab',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'amazonminitv:amzn1.dv.gti.280d2564-584f-452f-9c98-7baf906e01ab',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'amazonminitv:280d2564-584f-452f-9c98-7baf906e01ab',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    _GRAPHQL_QUERY_CONTENT = '''
+query content($sessionIdToken: String!, $deviceLocale: String, $contentId: ID!, $contentType: ContentType!, $clientId: String) {
+  content(
+    applicationContextInput: {deviceLocale: $deviceLocale, sessionIdToken: $sessionIdToken, clientId: $clientId}
+    contentId: $contentId
+    contentType: $contentType
+  ) {
+    contentId
+    name
+    ... on Episode {
+      contentId
+      vodType
+      name
+      images
+      description {
+        synopsis
+        contentLengthInSeconds
+      }
+      publicReleaseDateUTC
+      audioTracks
+      seasonId
+      seriesId
+      seriesName
+      seasonNumber
+      episodeNumber
+      timecode {
+        endCreditsTime
+      }
+    }
+    ... on MovieContent {
+      contentId
+      vodType
+      name
+      description {
+        synopsis
+        contentLengthInSeconds
+      }
+      images
+      publicReleaseDateUTC
+      audioTracks
+    }
+  }
+}'''
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        asin = f'amzn1.dv.gti.{self._match_id(url)}'
+        prs = self._call_api(asin, note='Downloading playback info')
+
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+        for type_, asset in prs['playbackAssets'].items():
+            if not traverse_obj(asset, 'manifestUrl'):
+                continue
+            if type_ == 'hls':
+                m3u8_fmts, m3u8_subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                    asset['manifestUrl'], asin, ext='mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
+                    m3u8_id=type_, fatal=False)
+                formats.extend(m3u8_fmts)
+                subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, m3u8_subs)
+            elif type_ == 'dash':
+                mpd_fmts, mpd_subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
+                    asset['manifestUrl'], asin, mpd_id=type_, fatal=False)
+                formats.extend(mpd_fmts)
+                subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, mpd_subs)
+            else:
+                self.report_warning(f'Unknown asset type: {type_}')
+
+        title_info = self._call_api(
+            asin, note='Downloading title info', data={
+                'operationName': 'content',
+                'variables': {'contentId': asin},
+                'query': self._GRAPHQL_QUERY_CONTENT,
+            })
+        credits_time = try_get(title_info, lambda x: x['timecode']['endCreditsTime'] / 1000)
+        is_episode = title_info.get('vodType') == 'EPISODE'
+
+        return {
+            'id': asin,
+            'title': title_info.get('name'),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'language': traverse_obj(title_info, ('audioTracks', 0)),
+            'thumbnails': [{
+                'id': type_,
+                'url': url,
+            } for type_, url in (title_info.get('images') or {}).items()],
+            'description': traverse_obj(title_info, ('description', 'synopsis')),
+            'release_timestamp': int_or_none(try_get(title_info, lambda x: x['publicReleaseDateUTC'] / 1000)),
+            'duration': traverse_obj(title_info, ('description', 'contentLengthInSeconds')),
+            'chapters': [{
+                'start_time': credits_time,
+                'title': 'End Credits',
+            }] if credits_time else [],
+            'series': title_info.get('seriesName'),
+            'series_id': title_info.get('seriesId'),
+            'season_number': title_info.get('seasonNumber'),
+            'season_id': title_info.get('seasonId'),
+            'episode': title_info.get('name') if is_episode else None,
+            'episode_number': title_info.get('episodeNumber'),
+            'episode_id': asin if is_episode else None,
+        }
+
+
+class AmazonMiniTVSeasonIE(AmazonMiniTVBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'amazonminitv:season'
+    _VALID_URL = r'amazonminitv:season:(?:amzn1\.dv\.gti\.)?(?P<id>[a-f0-9-]+)'
+    IE_DESC = 'Amazon MiniTV Season, "minitv:season:" prefix'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'amazonminitv:season:amzn1.dv.gti.0aa996eb-6a1b-4886-a342-387fbd2f1db0',
+        'playlist_mincount': 6,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'amzn1.dv.gti.0aa996eb-6a1b-4886-a342-387fbd2f1db0',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'amazonminitv:season:0aa996eb-6a1b-4886-a342-387fbd2f1db0',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    _GRAPHQL_QUERY = '''
+query getEpisodes($sessionIdToken: String!, $clientId: String, $episodeOrSeasonId: ID!, $deviceLocale: String) {
+  getEpisodes(
+    applicationContextInput: {sessionIdToken: $sessionIdToken, deviceLocale: $deviceLocale, clientId: $clientId}
+    episodeOrSeasonId: $episodeOrSeasonId
+  ) {
+    episodes {
+      ... on Episode {
+        contentId
+        name
+        images
+        seriesName
+        seasonId
+        seriesId
+        seasonNumber
+        episodeNumber
+        description {
+          synopsis
+          contentLengthInSeconds
+        }
+        publicReleaseDateUTC
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+'''
+
+    def _entries(self, asin):
+        season_info = self._call_api(
+            asin, note='Downloading season info', data={
+                'operationName': 'getEpisodes',
+                'variables': {'episodeOrSeasonId': asin},
+                'query': self._GRAPHQL_QUERY,
+            })
+
+        for episode in season_info['episodes']:
+            yield self.url_result(
+                f'amazonminitv:{episode["contentId"]}', AmazonMiniTVIE, episode['contentId'])
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        asin = f'amzn1.dv.gti.{self._match_id(url)}'
+        return self.playlist_result(self._entries(asin), asin)
+
+
+class AmazonMiniTVSeriesIE(AmazonMiniTVBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'amazonminitv:series'
+    _VALID_URL = r'amazonminitv:series:(?:amzn1\.dv\.gti\.)?(?P<id>[a-f0-9-]+)'
+    IE_DESC = 'Amazon MiniTV Series, "minitv:series:" prefix'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'amazonminitv:series:amzn1.dv.gti.56521d46-b040-4fd5-872e-3e70476a04b0',
+        'playlist_mincount': 3,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'amzn1.dv.gti.56521d46-b040-4fd5-872e-3e70476a04b0',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'amazonminitv:series:56521d46-b040-4fd5-872e-3e70476a04b0',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    _GRAPHQL_QUERY = '''
+query getSeasons($sessionIdToken: String!, $deviceLocale: String, $episodeOrSeasonOrSeriesId: ID!, $clientId: String) {
+  getSeasons(
+    applicationContextInput: {deviceLocale: $deviceLocale, sessionIdToken: $sessionIdToken, clientId: $clientId}
+    episodeOrSeasonOrSeriesId: $episodeOrSeasonOrSeriesId
+  ) {
+    seasons {
+      seasonId
+    }
+  }
+}
+'''
+
+    def _entries(self, asin):
+        season_info = self._call_api(
+            asin, note='Downloading series info', data={
+                'operationName': 'getSeasons',
+                'variables': {'episodeOrSeasonOrSeriesId': asin},
+                'query': self._GRAPHQL_QUERY,
+            })
+
+        for season in season_info['seasons']:
+            yield self.url_result(f'amazonminitv:season:{season["seasonId"]}', AmazonMiniTVSeasonIE, season['seasonId'])
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        asin = f'amzn1.dv.gti.{self._match_id(url)}'
+        return self.playlist_result(self._entries(asin), asin)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/amcnetworks.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/amcnetworks.py
index e04ecf65f0..c58bc7bfbf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/amcnetworks.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/amcnetworks.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class AMCNetworksIE(ThePlatformIE):
+class AMCNetworksIE(ThePlatformIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<site>amc|bbcamerica|ifc|(?:we|sundance)tv)\.com/(?P<id>(?:movies|shows(?:/[^/]+)+)/[^/?#&]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.bbcamerica.com/shows/the-graham-norton-show/videos/tina-feys-adorable-airline-themed-family-dinner--51631',
@@ -106,7 +106,6 @@ class AMCNetworksIE(ThePlatformIE):
         media_url = update_url_query(media_url, query)
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_theplatform_smil(
             media_url, video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         thumbnail_urls = [properties.get('imageDesktop')]
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/americastestkitchen.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/americastestkitchen.py
index f5747cf1e8..e889458a28 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/americastestkitchen.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/americastestkitchen.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 
 class AmericasTestKitchenIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:americastestkitchen|cooks(?:country|illustrated))\.com/(?P<resource_type>episode|videos)/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:americastestkitchen|cooks(?:country|illustrated))\.com/(?:cooks(?:country|illustrated)/)?(?P<resource_type>episode|videos)/(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.americastestkitchen.com/episode/582-weeknight-japanese-suppers',
         'md5': 'b861c3e365ac38ad319cfd509c30577f',
@@ -19,15 +19,20 @@ class AmericasTestKitchenIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '5b400b9ee338f922cb06450c',
             'title': 'Japanese Suppers',
             'ext': 'mp4',
+            'display_id': 'weeknight-japanese-suppers',
             'description': 'md5:64e606bfee910627efc4b5f050de92b3',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://',
-            'timestamp': 1523318400,
-            'upload_date': '20180410',
-            'release_date': '20180410',
-            'series': "America's Test Kitchen",
-            'season_number': 18,
+            'timestamp': 1523304000,
+            'upload_date': '20180409',
+            'release_date': '20180409',
+            'series': 'America\'s Test Kitchen',
+            'season': 'Season 18',
             'episode': 'Japanese Suppers',
+            'season_number': 18,
             'episode_number': 15,
+            'duration': 1376,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://',
+            'average_rating': 0,
+            'view_count': int,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
@@ -40,15 +45,20 @@ class AmericasTestKitchenIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '5fbe8c61bda2010001c6763b',
             'title': 'Simple Chicken Dinner',
             'ext': 'mp4',
+            'display_id': 'atktv_2103_simple-chicken-dinner_full-episode_web-mp4',
             'description': 'md5:eb68737cc2fd4c26ca7db30139d109e7',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://',
-            'timestamp': 1610755200,
-            'upload_date': '20210116',
-            'release_date': '20210116',
-            'series': "America's Test Kitchen",
-            'season_number': 21,
+            'timestamp': 1610737200,
+            'upload_date': '20210115',
+            'release_date': '20210115',
+            'series': 'America\'s Test Kitchen',
+            'season': 'Season 21',
             'episode': 'Simple Chicken Dinner',
+            'season_number': 21,
             'episode_number': 3,
+            'duration': 1397,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'average_rating': 0,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
@@ -56,6 +66,12 @@ class AmericasTestKitchenIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.americastestkitchen.com/videos/3420-pan-seared-salmon',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.americastestkitchen.com/cookscountry/episode/564-when-only-chocolate-will-do',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.americastestkitchen.com/cooksillustrated/videos/4478-beef-wellington',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.cookscountry.com/episode/564-when-only-chocolate-will-do',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -90,7 +106,7 @@ class AmericasTestKitchenIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 
 class AmericasTestKitchenSeasonIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<show>americastestkitchen|cookscountry)\.com/episodes/browse/season_(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<show>americastestkitchen|(?P<cooks>cooks(?:country|illustrated)))\.com(?:(?:/(?P<show2>cooks(?:country|illustrated)))?(?:/?$|(?<!ated)(?<!ated\.com)/episodes/browse/season_(?P<season>\d+)))'
     _TESTS = [{
         # ATK Season
         'url': 'https://www.americastestkitchen.com/episodes/browse/season_1',
@@ -101,47 +117,91 @@ class AmericasTestKitchenSeasonIE(InfoExtractor):
         'playlist_count': 13,
     }, {
         # Cooks Country Season
-        'url': 'https://www.cookscountry.com/episodes/browse/season_12',
+        'url': 'https://www.americastestkitchen.com/cookscountry/episodes/browse/season_12',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'season_12',
             'title': 'Season 12',
         },
         'playlist_count': 13,
+    }, {
+        # America's Test Kitchen Series
+        'url': 'https://www.americastestkitchen.com/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'americastestkitchen',
+            'title': 'America\'s Test Kitchen',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 558,
+    }, {
+        # Cooks Country Series
+        'url': 'https://www.americastestkitchen.com/cookscountry',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'cookscountry',
+            'title': 'Cook\'s Country',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 199,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.americastestkitchen.com/cookscountry/',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.cookscountry.com/episodes/browse/season_12',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.cookscountry.com',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.americastestkitchen.com/cooksillustrated/',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.cooksillustrated.com',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        show_name, season_number = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
-        season_number = int(season_number)
+        season_number, show1, show = self._match_valid_url(url).group('season', 'show', 'show2')
+        show_path = ('/' + show) if show else ''
+        show = show or show1
+        season_number = int_or_none(season_number)
 
-        slug = 'atk' if show_name == 'americastestkitchen' else 'cco'
+        slug, title = {
+            'americastestkitchen': ('atk', 'America\'s Test Kitchen'),
+            'cookscountry': ('cco', 'Cook\'s Country'),
+            'cooksillustrated': ('cio', 'Cook\'s Illustrated'),
+        }[show]
 
-        season = 'Season %d' % season_number
+        facet_filters = [
+            'search_document_klass:episode',
+            'search_show_slug:' + slug,
+        ]
+
+        if season_number:
+            playlist_id = 'season_%d' % season_number
+            playlist_title = 'Season %d' % season_number
+            facet_filters.append('search_season_list:' + playlist_title)
+        else:
+            playlist_id = show
+            playlist_title = title
 
         season_search = self._download_json(
             'https://y1fnzxui30-dsn.algolia.net/1/indexes/everest_search_%s_season_desc_production' % slug,
-            season, headers={
-                'Origin': 'https://www.%s.com' % show_name,
+            playlist_id, headers={
+                'Origin': 'https://www.americastestkitchen.com',
                 'X-Algolia-API-Key': '8d504d0099ed27c1b73708d22871d805',
                 'X-Algolia-Application-Id': 'Y1FNZXUI30',
             }, query={
-                'facetFilters': json.dumps([
-                    'search_season_list:' + season,
-                    'search_document_klass:episode',
-                    'search_show_slug:' + slug,
-                ]),
-                'attributesToRetrieve': 'description,search_%s_episode_number,search_document_date,search_url,title' % slug,
+                'facetFilters': json.dumps(facet_filters),
+                'attributesToRetrieve': 'description,search_%s_episode_number,search_document_date,search_url,title,search_atk_episode_season' % slug,
                 'attributesToHighlight': '',
                 'hitsPerPage': 1000,
             })
 
         def entries():
             for episode in (season_search.get('hits') or []):
-                search_url = episode.get('search_url')
+                search_url = episode.get('search_url')  # always formatted like '/episode/123-title-of-episode'
                 if not search_url:
                     continue
                 yield {
                     '_type': 'url',
-                    'url': 'https://www.%s.com%s' % (show_name, search_url),
+                    'url': f'https://www.americastestkitchen.com{show_path or ""}{search_url}',
                     'id': try_get(episode, lambda e: e['objectID'].split('_')[-1]),
                     'title': episode.get('title'),
                     'description': episode.get('description'),
@@ -152,4 +212,4 @@ class AmericasTestKitchenSeasonIE(InfoExtractor):
                 }
 
         return self.playlist_result(
-            entries(), 'season_%d' % season_number, season)
+            entries(), playlist_id, playlist_title)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/amp.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/amp.py
index 73b72b0859..b0cbd775c0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/amp.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/amp.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class AMPIE(InfoExtractor):
+class AMPIE(InfoExtractor):  # XXX: Conventionally, base classes should end with BaseIE/InfoExtractor
     # parse Akamai Adaptive Media Player feed
     def _extract_feed_info(self, url):
         feed = self._download_json(
@@ -84,8 +84,6 @@ class AMPIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'ext': ext,
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         timestamp = unified_timestamp(item.get('pubDate'), ' ') or parse_iso8601(item.get('dc-date'))
 
         return {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/anchorfm.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/anchorfm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..52f2ad057f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/anchorfm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    clean_html,
+    float_or_none,
+    int_or_none,
+    str_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unified_timestamp
+)
+
+
+class AnchorFMEpisodeIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://anchor\.fm/(?P<channel_name>\w+)/(?:embed/)?episodes/[\w-]+-(?P<episode_id>\w+)'
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [rf'<iframe[^>]+\bsrc=[\'"](?P<url>{_VALID_URL})']
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://anchor.fm/lovelyti/episodes/Chrisean-Rock-takes-to-twitter-to-announce-shes-pregnant--Blueface-denies-he-is-the-father-e1tpt3d',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'e1tpt3d',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': ' Chrisean Rock takes to twitter to announce she\'s pregnant, Blueface denies he is the father!',
+            'description': 'md5:207d167de3e28ceb4ddc1ebf5a30044c',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/anchor-generated-image-bank/production/podcast_uploaded_nologo/1034827/1034827-1658438968460-5f3bfdf3601e8.jpg',
+            'duration': 624.718,
+            'uploader': 'Lovelyti ',
+            'uploader_id': '991541',
+            'channel': 'lovelyti',
+            'modified_date': '20230121',
+            'modified_timestamp': 1674285178,
+            'release_date': '20230121',
+            'release_timestamp': 1674285179,
+            'episode_id': 'e1tpt3d',
+        }
+    }, {
+        # embed url
+        'url': 'https://anchor.fm/apakatatempo/embed/episodes/S2E75-Perang-Bintang-di-Balik-Kasus-Ferdy-Sambo-dan-Ismail-Bolong-e1shjqd',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'e1shjqd',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'S2E75 Perang Bintang di Balik Kasus Ferdy Sambo dan Ismail Bolong',
+            'description': 'md5:9e95ad9293bf00178bf8d33e9cb92c41',
+            'duration': 1042.008,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/anchor-generated-image-bank/production/podcast_uploaded_episode400/2627805/2627805-1671590688729-4db3882ac9e4b.jpg',
+            'release_date': '20221221',
+            'release_timestamp': 1671595916,
+            'modified_date': '20221221',
+            'modified_timestamp': 1671590834,
+            'channel': 'apakatatempo',
+            'uploader': 'Podcast Tempo',
+            'uploader_id': '2585461',
+            'season': 'Season 2',
+            'season_number': 2,
+            'episode_id': 'e1shjqd',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://podcast.tempo.co/podcast/192/perang-bintang-di-balik-kasus-ferdy-sambo-dan-ismail-bolong',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'e1shjqd',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'release_date': '20221221',
+            'duration': 1042.008,
+            'season': 'Season 2',
+            'modified_timestamp': 1671590834,
+            'uploader_id': '2585461',
+            'modified_date': '20221221',
+            'description': 'md5:9e95ad9293bf00178bf8d33e9cb92c41',
+            'season_number': 2,
+            'title': 'S2E75 Perang Bintang di Balik Kasus Ferdy Sambo dan Ismail Bolong',
+            'release_timestamp': 1671595916,
+            'episode_id': 'e1shjqd',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/anchor-generated-image-bank/production/podcast_uploaded_episode400/2627805/2627805-1671590688729-4db3882ac9e4b.jpg',
+            'uploader': 'Podcast Tempo',
+            'channel': 'apakatatempo',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        channel_name, episode_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('channel_name', 'episode_id')
+        api_data = self._download_json(f'https://anchor.fm/api/v3/episodes/{episode_id}', episode_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': episode_id,
+            'title': traverse_obj(api_data, ('episode', 'title')),
+            'url': traverse_obj(api_data, ('episode', 'episodeEnclosureUrl'), ('episodeAudios', 0, 'url')),
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'vcodec': 'none',
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(api_data, ('episode', 'episodeImage')),
+            'description': clean_html(traverse_obj(api_data, ('episode', ('description', 'descriptionPreview')), get_all=False)),
+            'duration': float_or_none(traverse_obj(api_data, ('episode', 'duration')), 1000),
+            'modified_timestamp': unified_timestamp(traverse_obj(api_data, ('episode', 'modified'))),
+            'release_timestamp': int_or_none(traverse_obj(api_data, ('episode', 'publishOnUnixTimestamp'))),
+            'episode_id': episode_id,
+            'uploader': traverse_obj(api_data, ('creator', 'name')),
+            'uploader_id': str_or_none(traverse_obj(api_data, ('creator', 'userId'))),
+            'season_number': int_or_none(traverse_obj(api_data, ('episode', 'podcastSeasonNumber'))),
+            'channel': channel_name or traverse_obj(api_data, ('creator', 'vanitySlug')),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ant1newsgr.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ant1newsgr.py
index fac476e21a..7b384b22d0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ant1newsgr.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ant1newsgr.py
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ class Ant1NewsGrBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             raise ExtractorError('no source found for %s' % video_id)
         formats, subs = (self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(source, video_id, 'mp4')
                          if determine_ext(source) == 'm3u8' else ([{'url': source}], {}))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         thumbnails = scale_thumbnails_to_max_format_width(
             formats, [{'url': info['thumb']}], r'(?<=/imgHandler/)\d+')
         return {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato.py
index cb94835693..79bfe412b2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato.py
@@ -5,31 +5,70 @@ import random
 import re
 import time
 
-from .anvato_token_generator import NFLTokenGenerator
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..aes import aes_encrypt
-from ..compat import compat_str
 from ..utils import (
     bytes_to_intlist,
     determine_ext,
-    intlist_to_bytes,
     int_or_none,
+    intlist_to_bytes,
     join_nonempty,
+    smuggle_url,
     strip_jsonp,
+    traverse_obj,
     unescapeHTML,
     unsmuggle_url,
 )
 
 
 def md5_text(s):
-    if not isinstance(s, compat_str):
-        s = compat_str(s)
-    return hashlib.md5(s.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
+    return hashlib.md5(str(s).encode()).hexdigest()
 
 
 class AnvatoIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'anvato:(?P<access_key_or_mcp>[^:]+):(?P<id>\d+)'
 
+    _API_BASE_URL = 'https://tkx.mp.lura.live/rest/v2'
+    _ANVP_RE = r'<script[^>]+\bdata-anvp\s*=\s*(["\'])(?P<anvp>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1'
+    _AUTH_KEY = b'\x31\xc2\x42\x84\x9e\x73\xa0\xce'  # from anvplayer.min.js
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        # from https://www.nfl.com/videos/baker-mayfield-s-game-changing-plays-from-3-td-game-week-14
+        'url': 'anvato:GXvEgwyJeWem8KCYXfeoHWknwP48Mboj:899441',
+        'md5': '921919dab3cd0b849ff3d624831ae3e2',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '899441',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Baker Mayfield\'s game-changing plays from 3-TD game Week 14',
+            'description': 'md5:85e05a3cc163f8c344340f220521136d',
+            'upload_date': '20201215',
+            'timestamp': 1608009755,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'uploader': 'NFL',
+            'tags': ['Baltimore Ravens at Cleveland Browns (2020-REG-14)', 'Baker Mayfield', 'Game Highlights',
+                     'Player Highlights', 'Cleveland Browns', 'league'],
+            'duration': 157,
+            'categories': ['Entertainment', 'Game', 'Highlights'],
+        },
+    }, {
+        # from https://ktla.com/news/99-year-old-woman-learns-to-fly-in-torrance-checks-off-bucket-list-dream/
+        'url': 'anvato:X8POa4zpGZMmeiq0wqiO8IP5rMqQM9VN:8032455',
+        'md5': '837718bcfb3a7778d022f857f7a9b19e',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '8032455',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '99-year-old woman learns to fly plane in Torrance, checks off bucket list dream',
+            'description': 'md5:0a12bab8159445e78f52a297a35c6609',
+            'upload_date': '20220928',
+            'timestamp': 1664408881,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'uploader': 'LIN',
+            'tags': ['video', 'news', '5live'],
+            'duration': 155,
+            'categories': ['News'],
+        },
+    }]
+
     # Copied from anvplayer.min.js
     _ANVACK_TABLE = {
         'nbcu_nbcd_desktop_web_prod_93d8ead38ce2024f8f544b78306fbd15895ae5e6': 'NNemUkySjxLyPTKvZRiGntBIjEyK8uqicjMakIaQ',
@@ -202,86 +241,74 @@ class AnvatoIE(InfoExtractor):
         'telemundo': 'anvato_mcp_telemundo_web_prod_c5278d51ad46fda4b6ca3d0ea44a7846a054f582'
     }
 
+    def _generate_nfl_token(self, anvack, mcp_id):
+        reroute = self._download_json(
+            'https://api.nfl.com/v1/reroute', mcp_id, data=b'grant_type=client_credentials',
+            headers={'X-Domain-Id': 100}, note='Fetching token info')
+        token_type = reroute.get('token_type') or 'Bearer'
+        auth_token = f'{token_type} {reroute["access_token"]}'
+        response = self._download_json(
+            'https://api.nfl.com/v3/shield/', mcp_id, data=json.dumps({
+                'query': '''{
+  viewer {
+    mediaToken(anvack: "%s", id: %s) {
+      token
+    }
+  }
+}''' % (anvack, mcp_id),
+            }).encode(), headers={
+                'Authorization': auth_token,
+                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+            }, note='Fetching NFL API token')
+        return traverse_obj(response, ('data', 'viewer', 'mediaToken', 'token'))
+
     _TOKEN_GENERATORS = {
-        'GXvEgwyJeWem8KCYXfeoHWknwP48Mboj': NFLTokenGenerator,
+        'GXvEgwyJeWem8KCYXfeoHWknwP48Mboj': _generate_nfl_token,
     }
 
-    _API_KEY = '3hwbSuqqT690uxjNYBktSQpa5ZrpYYR0Iofx7NcJHyA'
-
-    _ANVP_RE = r'<script[^>]+\bdata-anvp\s*=\s*(["\'])(?P<anvp>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1'
-    _AUTH_KEY = b'\x31\xc2\x42\x84\x9e\x73\xa0\xce'
-
-    _TESTS = [{
-        # from https://www.boston25news.com/news/watch-humpback-whale-breaches-right-next-to-fishing-boat-near-nh/817484874
-        'url': 'anvato:8v9BEynrwx8EFLYpgfOWcG1qJqyXKlRM:4465496',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '4465496',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'VIDEO: Humpback whale breaches right next to NH boat',
-            'description': 'VIDEO: Humpback whale breaches right next to NH boat. Footage courtesy: Zach Fahey.',
-            'duration': 22,
-            'timestamp': 1534855680,
-            'upload_date': '20180821',
-            'uploader': 'ANV',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }, {
-        # from https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2016/06/17/source-oakland-cop-on-leave-for-having-girlfriend-help-with-police-reports/
-        'url': 'anvato:DVzl9QRzox3ZZsP9bNu5Li3X7obQOnqP:3417601',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }]
-
-    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        super(AnvatoIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
-        self.__server_time = None
-
     def _server_time(self, access_key, video_id):
-        if self.__server_time is not None:
-            return self.__server_time
+        return int_or_none(traverse_obj(self._download_json(
+            f'{self._API_BASE_URL}/server_time', video_id, query={'anvack': access_key},
+            note='Fetching server time', fatal=False), 'server_time')) or int(time.time())
 
-        self.__server_time = int(self._download_json(
-            self._api_prefix(access_key) + 'server_time?anvack=' + access_key, video_id,
-            note='Fetching server time')['server_time'])
-
-        return self.__server_time
-
-    def _api_prefix(self, access_key):
-        return 'https://tkx2-%s.anvato.net/rest/v2/' % ('prod' if 'prod' in access_key else 'stage')
-
-    def _get_video_json(self, access_key, video_id):
+    def _get_video_json(self, access_key, video_id, extracted_token):
         # See et() in anvplayer.min.js, which is an alias of getVideoJSON()
-        video_data_url = self._api_prefix(access_key) + 'mcp/video/%s?anvack=%s' % (video_id, access_key)
+        video_data_url = f'{self._API_BASE_URL}/mcp/video/{video_id}?anvack={access_key}'
         server_time = self._server_time(access_key, video_id)
-        input_data = '%d~%s~%s' % (server_time, md5_text(video_data_url), md5_text(server_time))
+        input_data = f'{server_time}~{md5_text(video_data_url)}~{md5_text(server_time)}'
 
         auth_secret = intlist_to_bytes(aes_encrypt(
             bytes_to_intlist(input_data[:64]), bytes_to_intlist(self._AUTH_KEY)))
-
-        video_data_url += '&X-Anvato-Adst-Auth=' + base64.b64encode(auth_secret).decode('ascii')
+        query = {
+            'X-Anvato-Adst-Auth': base64.b64encode(auth_secret).decode('ascii'),
+            'rtyp': 'fp',
+        }
         anvrid = md5_text(time.time() * 1000 * random.random())[:30]
         api = {
             'anvrid': anvrid,
             'anvts': server_time,
         }
-        if self._TOKEN_GENERATORS.get(access_key) is not None:
-            api['anvstk2'] = self._TOKEN_GENERATORS[access_key].generate(self, access_key, video_id)
+        if extracted_token is not None:
+            api['anvstk2'] = extracted_token
+        elif self._TOKEN_GENERATORS.get(access_key) is not None:
+            api['anvstk2'] = self._TOKEN_GENERATORS[access_key](self, access_key, video_id)
+        elif self._ANVACK_TABLE.get(access_key) is not None:
+            api['anvstk'] = md5_text(f'{access_key}|{anvrid}|{server_time}|{self._ANVACK_TABLE[access_key]}')
         else:
-            api['anvstk'] = md5_text('%s|%s|%d|%s' % (
-                access_key, anvrid, server_time,
-                self._ANVACK_TABLE.get(access_key, self._API_KEY)))
+            api['anvstk2'] = 'default'
 
         return self._download_json(
-            video_data_url, video_id, transform_source=strip_jsonp,
-            data=json.dumps({'api': api}).encode('utf-8'))
+            video_data_url, video_id, transform_source=strip_jsonp, query=query,
+            data=json.dumps({'api': api}, separators=(',', ':')).encode('utf-8'))
 
-    def _get_anvato_videos(self, access_key, video_id):
-        video_data = self._get_video_json(access_key, video_id)
+    def _get_anvato_videos(self, access_key, video_id, token):
+        video_data = self._get_video_json(access_key, video_id, token)
 
         formats = []
         for published_url in video_data['published_urls']:
-            video_url = published_url['embed_url']
+            video_url = published_url.get('embed_url')
+            if not video_url:
+                continue
             media_format = published_url.get('format')
             ext = determine_ext(video_url)
 
@@ -296,15 +323,27 @@ class AnvatoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'tbr': tbr or None,
             }
 
-            if media_format == 'm3u8' and tbr is not None:
+            vtt_subs, hls_subs = {}, {}
+            if media_format == 'vtt':
+                _, vtt_subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                    video_url, video_id, m3u8_id='vtt', fatal=False)
+                continue
+            elif media_format == 'm3u8' and tbr is not None:
                 a_format.update({
                     'format_id': join_nonempty('hls', tbr),
                     'ext': 'mp4',
                 })
             elif media_format == 'm3u8-variant' or ext == 'm3u8':
-                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                    video_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
-                    m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
+                # For some videos the initial m3u8 URL returns JSON instead
+                manifest_json = self._download_json(
+                    video_url, video_id, note='Downloading manifest JSON', errnote=False)
+                if manifest_json:
+                    video_url = manifest_json.get('master_m3u8')
+                    if not video_url:
+                        continue
+                hls_fmts, hls_subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                    video_url, video_id, ext='mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
+                formats.extend(hls_fmts)
                 continue
             elif ext == 'mp3' or media_format == 'mp3':
                 a_format['vcodec'] = 'none'
@@ -315,8 +354,6 @@ class AnvatoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 })
             formats.append(a_format)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         subtitles = {}
         for caption in video_data.get('captions', []):
             a_caption = {
@@ -324,6 +361,7 @@ class AnvatoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'ext': 'tt' if caption.get('format') == 'SMPTE-TT' else None
             }
             subtitles.setdefault(caption['language'], []).append(a_caption)
+        subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, hls_subs, vtt_subs)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -349,7 +387,10 @@ class AnvatoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 access_key = cls._MCP_TO_ACCESS_KEY_TABLE.get((anvplayer_data.get('mcp') or '').lower())
             if not (video_id or '').isdigit() or not access_key:
                 continue
-            yield cls.url_result(f'anvato:{access_key}:{video_id}', AnvatoIE, video_id)
+            url = f'anvato:{access_key}:{video_id}'
+            if anvplayer_data.get('token'):
+                url = smuggle_url(url, {'token': anvplayer_data['token']})
+            yield cls.url_result(url, AnvatoIE, video_id)
 
     def _extract_anvato_videos(self, webpage, video_id):
         anvplayer_data = self._parse_json(
@@ -357,7 +398,7 @@ class AnvatoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 self._ANVP_RE, webpage, 'Anvato player data', group='anvp'),
             video_id)
         return self._get_anvato_videos(
-            anvplayer_data['accessKey'], anvplayer_data['video'])
+            anvplayer_data['accessKey'], anvplayer_data['video'], 'default')  # cbslocal token = 'default'
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
@@ -365,9 +406,7 @@ class AnvatoIE(InfoExtractor):
             'countries': smuggled_data.get('geo_countries'),
         })
 
-        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
-        access_key, video_id = mobj.group('access_key_or_mcp', 'id')
+        access_key, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('access_key_or_mcp', 'id')
         if access_key not in self._ANVACK_TABLE:
-            access_key = self._MCP_TO_ACCESS_KEY_TABLE.get(
-                access_key) or access_key
-        return self._get_anvato_videos(access_key, video_id)
+            access_key = self._MCP_TO_ACCESS_KEY_TABLE.get(access_key) or access_key
+        return self._get_anvato_videos(access_key, video_id, smuggled_data.get('token'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato_token_generator/__init__.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato_token_generator/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 6530caf530..0000000000
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato_token_generator/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-from .nfl import NFLTokenGenerator
-
-__all__ = [
-    'NFLTokenGenerator',
-]
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato_token_generator/common.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato_token_generator/common.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 3800b5808e..0000000000
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato_token_generator/common.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-class TokenGenerator:
-    def generate(self, anvack, mcp_id):
-        raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato_token_generator/nfl.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato_token_generator/nfl.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 9ee4aa002e..0000000000
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/anvato_token_generator/nfl.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-import json
-
-from .common import TokenGenerator
-
-
-class NFLTokenGenerator(TokenGenerator):
-    _AUTHORIZATION = None
-
-    def generate(ie, anvack, mcp_id):
-        if not NFLTokenGenerator._AUTHORIZATION:
-            reroute = ie._download_json(
-                'https://api.nfl.com/v1/reroute', mcp_id,
-                data=b'grant_type=client_credentials',
-                headers={'X-Domain-Id': 100})
-            NFLTokenGenerator._AUTHORIZATION = '%s %s' % (reroute.get('token_type') or 'Bearer', reroute['access_token'])
-        return ie._download_json(
-            'https://api.nfl.com/v3/shield/', mcp_id, data=json.dumps({
-                'query': '''{
-  viewer {
-    mediaToken(anvack: "%s", id: %s) {
-      token
-    }
-  }
-}''' % (anvack, mcp_id),
-            }).encode(), headers={
-                'Authorization': NFLTokenGenerator._AUTHORIZATION,
-                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
-            })['data']['viewer']['mediaToken']['token']
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/aol.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/aol.py
index b67db2adca..6949ca9740 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/aol.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/aol.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class AolIE(YahooIE):
+class AolIE(YahooIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'aol.com'
     _VALID_URL = r'(?:aol-video:|https?://(?:www\.)?aol\.(?:com|ca|co\.uk|de|jp)/video/(?:[^/]+/)*)(?P<id>\d{9}|[0-9a-f]{24}|[0-9a-f]{8}-(?:[0-9a-f]{4}-){3}[0-9a-f]{12})'
 
@@ -119,7 +119,6 @@ class AolIE(YahooIE):
                         'height': int_or_none(qs.get('h', [None])[0]),
                     })
                 formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/apa.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/apa.py
index c9147e855a..1ea0b1de45 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/apa.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/apa.py
@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ class APAIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'format_id': format_id,
                     'height': height,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/aparat.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/aparat.py
index 90464556db..4a989d837b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/aparat.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/aparat.py
@@ -73,7 +73,6 @@ class AparatIE(InfoExtractor):
                             r'(\d+)[pP]', label or '', 'height',
                             default=None)),
                     })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         info = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, default={})
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/appletrailers.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/appletrailers.py
index 6b63f070d6..2e0b0a8c93 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/appletrailers.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/appletrailers.py
@@ -120,7 +120,6 @@ class AppleTrailersIE(InfoExtractor):
                             'height': int_or_none(size_data.get('height')),
                             'language': version[:2],
                         })
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
 
                 entries.append({
                     'id': movie + '-' + re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9]', '', clip_title).lower(),
@@ -185,8 +184,6 @@ class AppleTrailersIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'height': int_or_none(format['height']),
                 })
 
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
-
             playlist.append({
                 '_type': 'video',
                 'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/archiveorg.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/archiveorg.py
index 0f40774ce1..4ccd398257 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/archiveorg.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/archiveorg.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 import json
 import re
+import urllib.error
 import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
+from .naver import NaverBaseIE
 from .youtube import YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, YoutubeIE
 from ..compat import compat_HTTPError, compat_urllib_parse_unquote
 from ..utils import (
@@ -16,6 +18,7 @@ from ..utils import (
     get_element_by_id,
     int_or_none,
     join_nonempty,
+    js_to_json,
     merge_dicts,
     mimetype2ext,
     orderedSet,
@@ -311,7 +314,7 @@ class ArchiveOrgIE(InfoExtractor):
                 })
 
         for entry in entries.values():
-            self._sort_formats(entry['formats'], ('source', ))
+            entry['_format_sort_fields'] = ('source', )
 
         if len(entries) == 1:
             # If there's only one item, use it as the main info dict
@@ -367,7 +370,9 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'channel_id': 'UCukCyHaD-bK3in_pKpfH9Eg',
                 'duration': 32,
                 'uploader_id': 'Zeurel',
-                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/Zeurel'
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/Zeurel',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCukCyHaD-bK3in_pKpfH9Eg',
             }
         }, {
             # Internal link
@@ -382,7 +387,9 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'channel_id': 'UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA',
                 'duration': 771,
                 'uploader_id': '1veritasium',
-                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/1veritasium'
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/1veritasium',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA',
             }
         }, {
             # Video from 2012, webm format itag 45. Newest capture is deleted video, with an invalid description.
@@ -396,7 +403,9 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'duration': 398,
                 'description': 'md5:ff4de6a7980cb65d951c2f6966a4f2f3',
                 'uploader_id': 'machinima',
-                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/machinima'
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/machinima',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'uploader': 'machinima'
             }
         }, {
             # FLV video. Video file URL does not provide itag information
@@ -410,7 +419,10 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'duration': 19,
                 'description': 'md5:10436b12e07ac43ff8df65287a56efb4',
                 'uploader_id': 'jawed',
-                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/jawed'
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/jawed',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4QobU6STFB0P71PMvOGN5A',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'uploader': 'jawed',
             }
         }, {
             'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/20110712231407/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lTx3G6h2xyA',
@@ -424,7 +436,9 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'duration': 204,
                 'description': 'md5:f7535343b6eda34a314eff8b85444680',
                 'uploader_id': 'itsmadeon',
-                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/itsmadeon'
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/itsmadeon',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqMDNf3Pn5L7pcNkuSEeO3w',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
             }
         }, {
             # First capture is of dead video, second is the oldest from CDX response.
@@ -435,10 +449,13 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'title': 'Fake Teen Doctor Strikes AGAIN! - Weekly Weird News',
                 'upload_date': '20160218',
                 'channel_id': 'UCdIaNUarhzLSXGoItz7BHVA',
-                'duration': 1236,
+                'duration': 1235,
                 'description': 'md5:21032bae736421e89c2edf36d1936947',
                 'uploader_id': 'MachinimaETC',
-                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/MachinimaETC'
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/MachinimaETC',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdIaNUarhzLSXGoItz7BHVA',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'uploader': 'ETC News',
             }
         }, {
             # First capture of dead video, capture date in link links to dead capture.
@@ -449,10 +466,13 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'title': 'WTF: Video Games Still Launch BROKEN?! - T.U.G.S.',
                 'upload_date': '20160219',
                 'channel_id': 'UCdIaNUarhzLSXGoItz7BHVA',
-                'duration': 798,
+                'duration': 797,
                 'description': 'md5:a1dbf12d9a3bd7cb4c5e33b27d77ffe7',
                 'uploader_id': 'MachinimaETC',
-                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/MachinimaETC'
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/MachinimaETC',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdIaNUarhzLSXGoItz7BHVA',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'uploader': 'ETC News',
             },
             'expected_warnings': [
                 r'unable to download capture webpage \(it may not be archived\)'
@@ -472,12 +492,11 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'title': 'It\'s Bootleg AirPods Time.',
                 'upload_date': '20211021',
                 'channel_id': 'UC7Jwj9fkrf1adN4fMmTkpug',
-                'channel_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7Jwj9fkrf1adN4fMmTkpug',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7Jwj9fkrf1adN4fMmTkpug',
                 'duration': 810,
                 'description': 'md5:7b567f898d8237b256f36c1a07d6d7bc',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
                 'uploader': 'DankPods',
-                'uploader_id': 'UC7Jwj9fkrf1adN4fMmTkpug',
-                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7Jwj9fkrf1adN4fMmTkpug'
             }
         }, {
             # player response contains '};' See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/27093
@@ -488,12 +507,135 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'title': 'bitch lasagna',
                 'upload_date': '20181005',
                 'channel_id': 'UC-lHJZR3Gqxm24_Vd_AJ5Yw',
-                'channel_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-lHJZR3Gqxm24_Vd_AJ5Yw',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-lHJZR3Gqxm24_Vd_AJ5Yw',
                 'duration': 135,
                 'description': 'md5:2dbe4051feeff2dab5f41f82bb6d11d0',
                 'uploader': 'PewDiePie',
                 'uploader_id': 'PewDiePie',
-                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/PewDiePie'
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/PewDiePie',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+            }
+        }, {
+            # ~June 2010 Capture. swfconfig
+            'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/0/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8XeW5ilk-9Y',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '8XeW5ilk-9Y',
+                'ext': 'flv',
+                'title': 'Story of Stuff, The Critique Part 4 of 4',
+                'duration': 541,
+                'description': 'md5:28157da06f2c5e94c97f7f3072509972',
+                'uploader': 'HowTheWorldWorks',
+                'uploader_id': 'HowTheWorldWorks',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/HowTheWorldWorks',
+                'upload_date': '20090520',
+            }
+        }, {
+            # Jan 2011: watch-video-date/eow-date surrounded by whitespace
+            'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/20110126141719/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_yjX80U7Yc',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'Q_yjX80U7Yc',
+                'ext': 'flv',
+                'title': 'Spray Paint Art by Clay Butler: Purple Fantasy Forest',
+                'uploader_id': 'claybutlermusic',
+                'description': 'md5:4595264559e3d0a0ceb3f011f6334543',
+                'upload_date': '20090803',
+                'uploader': 'claybutlermusic',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'duration': 132,
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/claybutlermusic',
+            }
+        }, {
+            # ~May 2009 swfArgs. ytcfg is spread out over various vars
+            'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/0/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5uJgG05xUY',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'c5uJgG05xUY',
+                'ext': 'webm',
+                'title': 'Story of Stuff, The Critique Part 1 of 4',
+                'uploader_id': 'HowTheWorldWorks',
+                'uploader': 'HowTheWorldWorks',
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/HowTheWorldWorks',
+                'upload_date': '20090513',
+                'description': 'md5:4ca77d79538064e41e4cc464e93f44f0',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'duration': 754,
+            }
+        }, {
+            # ~June 2012. Upload date is in another lang so cannot extract.
+            'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/20120607174520/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xWTLLl-dQaA',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'xWTLLl-dQaA',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Black Nerd eHarmony Video Bio Parody (SPOOF)',
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/BlackNerdComedy',
+                'description': 'md5:e25f0133aaf9e6793fb81c18021d193e',
+                'uploader_id': 'BlackNerdComedy',
+                'uploader': 'BlackNerdComedy',
+                'duration': 182,
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+            }
+        }, {
+            # ~July 2013
+            'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9eO1aasHyTM',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '9eO1aasHyTM',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Polar-oid',
+                'description': 'Cameras and bears are dangerous!',
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/punkybird',
+                'uploader_id': 'punkybird',
+                'duration': 202,
+                'channel_id': 'UC62R2cBezNBOqxSerfb1nMQ',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC62R2cBezNBOqxSerfb1nMQ',
+                'upload_date': '20060428',
+                'uploader': 'punkybird',
+            }
+        }, {
+            # April 2020: Player response in player config
+            'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/20200416034815/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cf7vS8jc7dY&gl=US&hl=en',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'Cf7vS8jc7dY',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'A Dramatic Pool Story (by Jamie Spicer-Lewis) - Game Grumps Animated',
+                'duration': 64,
+                'upload_date': '20200408',
+                'uploader_id': 'GameGrumps',
+                'uploader': 'GameGrumps',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9CuvdOVfMPvKCiwdGKL3cQ',
+                'channel_id': 'UC9CuvdOVfMPvKCiwdGKL3cQ',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'description': 'md5:c625bb3c02c4f5fb4205971e468fa341',
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/GameGrumps',
+            }
+        }, {
+            # watch7-user-header with yt-user-info
+            'url': 'ytarchive:kbh4T_b4Ixw:20160307085057',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'kbh4T_b4Ixw',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Shovel Knight OST - Strike the Earth! Plains of Passage 16 bit SNES style remake / remix',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnTaGvsHmMy792DWeT6HbGA',
+                'uploader': 'Nelward music',
+                'duration': 213,
+                'description': 'md5:804b4a9ce37b050a5fefdbb23aeba54d',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'upload_date': '20150503',
+                'channel_id': 'UCnTaGvsHmMy792DWeT6HbGA',
+            }
+        }, {
+            # April 2012
+            'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/0/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SOm7mPoPskU',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'SOm7mPoPskU',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Boyfriend - Justin Bieber Parody',
+                'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/thecomputernerd01',
+                'uploader': 'thecomputernerd01',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.(jpg|webp)',
+                'description': 'md5:dd7fa635519c2a5b4d566beaecad7491',
+                'duration': 200,
+                'upload_date': '20120407',
+                'uploader_id': 'thecomputernerd01',
             }
         }, {
             'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kH-G_aIBlFw',
@@ -526,9 +668,10 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
         },
     ]
     _YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE = YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE
-    _YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE = fr'''(?x)
+    _YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE = fr'''(?x:
         (?:window\s*\[\s*["\']ytInitialPlayerResponse["\']\s*\]|ytInitialPlayerResponse)\s*=[(\s]*|
-        {YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE}'''
+        {YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE}
+    )'''
 
     _YT_DEFAULT_THUMB_SERVERS = ['i.ytimg.com']  # thumbnails most likely archived on these servers
     _YT_ALL_THUMB_SERVERS = orderedSet(
@@ -573,6 +716,27 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
         initial_data = self._search_json(
             self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, webpage, 'initial data', video_id, default={})
 
+        ytcfg = {}
+        for j in re.findall(r'yt\.setConfig\(\s*(?P<json>{\s*(?s:.+?)\s*})\s*\);', webpage):  # ~June 2010
+            ytcfg.update(self._parse_json(j, video_id, fatal=False, ignore_extra=True, transform_source=js_to_json, errnote='') or {})
+
+        # XXX: this also may contain a 'ptchn' key
+        player_config = (
+            self._search_json(
+                r'(?:yt\.playerConfig|ytplayer\.config|swfConfig)\s*=',
+                webpage, 'player config', video_id, default=None)
+            or ytcfg.get('PLAYER_CONFIG') or {})
+
+        # XXX: this may also contain a 'creator' key.
+        swf_args = self._search_json(r'swfArgs\s*=', webpage, 'swf config', video_id, default={})
+        if swf_args and not traverse_obj(player_config, ('args',)):
+            player_config['args'] = swf_args
+
+        if not player_response:
+            # April 2020
+            player_response = self._parse_json(
+                traverse_obj(player_config, ('args', 'player_response')) or '{}', video_id, fatal=False)
+
         initial_data_video = traverse_obj(
             initial_data, ('contents', 'twoColumnWatchNextResults', 'results', 'results', 'contents', ..., 'videoPrimaryInfoRenderer'),
             expected_type=dict, get_all=False, default={})
@@ -587,21 +751,64 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             video_details.get('title')
             or YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._get_text(microformats, 'title')
             or YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._get_text(initial_data_video, 'title')
+            or traverse_obj(player_config, ('args', 'title'))
             or self._extract_webpage_title(webpage)
             or search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title', 'title']))
 
+        def id_from_url(url, type_):
+            return self._search_regex(
+                rf'(?:{type_})/([^/#&?]+)', url or '', f'{type_} id', default=None)
+
+        # XXX: would the get_elements_by_... functions be better suited here?
+        _CHANNEL_URL_HREF_RE = r'href="[^"]*(?P<url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/[^"]+)"'
+        uploader_or_channel_url = self._search_regex(
+            [fr'<(?:link\s*itemprop=\"url\"|a\s*id=\"watch-username\").*?\b{_CHANNEL_URL_HREF_RE}>',  # @fd05024
+             fr'<div\s*id=\"(?:watch-channel-stats|watch-headline-user-info)\"[^>]*>\s*<a[^>]*\b{_CHANNEL_URL_HREF_RE}'],  # ~ May 2009, ~June 2012
+            webpage, 'uploader or channel url', default=None)
+
+        owner_profile_url = url_or_none(microformats.get('ownerProfileUrl'))  # @a6211d2
+
+        # Uploader refers to the /user/ id ONLY
+        uploader_id = (
+            id_from_url(owner_profile_url, 'user')
+            or id_from_url(uploader_or_channel_url, 'user')
+            or ytcfg.get('VIDEO_USERNAME'))
+        uploader_url = f'https://www.youtube.com/user/{uploader_id}' if uploader_id else None
+
+        # XXX: do we want to differentiate uploader and channel?
+        uploader = (
+            self._search_regex(
+                [r'<a\s*id="watch-username"[^>]*>\s*<strong>([^<]+)</strong>',  # June 2010
+                 r'var\s*watchUsername\s*=\s*\'(.+?)\';',  # ~May 2009
+                 r'<div\s*\bid=\"watch-channel-stats"[^>]*>\s*<a[^>]*>\s*(.+?)\s*</a',  # ~May 2009
+                 r'<a\s*id="watch-userbanner"[^>]*title="\s*(.+?)\s*"'],  # ~June 2012
+                webpage, 'uploader', default=None)
+            or self._html_search_regex(
+                [r'(?s)<div\s*class="yt-user-info".*?<a[^>]*[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</a',  # March 2016
+                 r'(?s)<a[^>]*yt-user-name[^>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</a'],  # july 2013
+                get_element_by_id('watch7-user-header', webpage), 'uploader', default=None)
+            or self._html_search_regex(
+                r'<button\s*href="/user/[^>]*>\s*<span[^>]*>\s*(.+?)\s*<',  # April 2012
+                get_element_by_id('watch-headline-user-info', webpage), 'uploader', default=None)
+            or traverse_obj(player_config, ('args', 'creator'))
+            or video_details.get('author'))
+
         channel_id = str_or_none(
             video_details.get('channelId')
             or microformats.get('externalChannelId')
             or search_meta('channelId')
             or self._search_regex(
                 r'data-channel-external-id=(["\'])(?P<id>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',  # @b45a9e6
-                webpage, 'channel id', default=None, group='id'))
-        channel_url = f'http://www.youtube.com/channel/{channel_id}' if channel_id else None
+                webpage, 'channel id', default=None, group='id')
+            or id_from_url(owner_profile_url, 'channel')
+            or id_from_url(uploader_or_channel_url, 'channel')
+            or traverse_obj(player_config, ('args', 'ucid')))
 
+        channel_url = f'https://www.youtube.com/channel/{channel_id}' if channel_id else None
         duration = int_or_none(
             video_details.get('lengthSeconds')
             or microformats.get('lengthSeconds')
+            or traverse_obj(player_config, ('args', ('length_seconds', 'l')), get_all=False)
             or parse_duration(search_meta('duration')))
         description = (
             video_details.get('shortDescription')
@@ -609,26 +816,13 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             or clean_html(get_element_by_id('eow-description', webpage))  # @9e6dd23
             or search_meta(['description', 'og:description', 'twitter:description']))
 
-        uploader = video_details.get('author')
-
-        # Uploader ID and URL
-        uploader_mobj = re.search(
-            r'<link itemprop="url" href="(?P<uploader_url>https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:user|channel)/(?P<uploader_id>[^"]+))">',  # @fd05024
-            webpage)
-        if uploader_mobj is not None:
-            uploader_id, uploader_url = uploader_mobj.group('uploader_id'), uploader_mobj.group('uploader_url')
-        else:
-            # @a6211d2
-            uploader_url = url_or_none(microformats.get('ownerProfileUrl'))
-            uploader_id = self._search_regex(
-                r'(?:user|channel)/([^/]+)', uploader_url or '', 'uploader id', default=None)
-
         upload_date = unified_strdate(
             dict_get(microformats, ('uploadDate', 'publishDate'))
             or search_meta(['uploadDate', 'datePublished'])
             or self._search_regex(
-                [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>',
-                 r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']'],  # @7998520
+                [r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>\s*(.*?)\s*</span>',
+                 r'(?:id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?|["\']simpleText["\']\s*:\s*["\'])(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live|Started) on (.+?)[<"\']',  # @7998520
+                 r'class\s*=\s*"(?:watch-video-date|watch-video-added post-date)"[^>]*>\s*([^<]+?)\s*<'],  # ~June 2010, ~Jan 2009 (respectively)
                 webpage, 'upload date', default=None))
 
         return {
@@ -697,18 +891,22 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
         url_date = url_date or url_date_2
 
         urlh = None
-        try:
-            urlh = self._request_webpage(
-                HEADRequest('https://web.archive.org/web/2oe_/http://wayback-fakeurl.archive.org/yt/%s' % video_id),
-                video_id, note='Fetching archived video file url', expected_status=True)
-        except ExtractorError as e:
-            # HTTP Error 404 is expected if the video is not saved.
-            if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 404:
-                self.raise_no_formats(
-                    'The requested video is not archived, indexed, or there is an issue with web.archive.org',
-                    expected=True)
-            else:
-                raise
+        retry_manager = self.RetryManager(fatal=False)
+        for retry in retry_manager:
+            try:
+                urlh = self._request_webpage(
+                    HEADRequest('https://web.archive.org/web/2oe_/http://wayback-fakeurl.archive.org/yt/%s' % video_id),
+                    video_id, note='Fetching archived video file url', expected_status=True)
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                # HTTP Error 404 is expected if the video is not saved.
+                if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 404:
+                    self.raise_no_formats(
+                        'The requested video is not archived, indexed, or there is an issue with web.archive.org (try again later)', expected=True)
+                else:
+                    retry.error = e
+
+        if retry_manager.error:
+            self.raise_no_formats(retry_manager.error, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
 
         capture_dates = self._get_capture_dates(video_id, int_or_none(url_date))
         self.write_debug('Captures to try: ' + join_nonempty(*capture_dates, delim=', '))
@@ -749,3 +947,237 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not info.get('title'):
             info['title'] = video_id
         return info
+
+
+class VLiveWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'web.archive:vlive'
+    IE_DESC = 'web.archive.org saved vlive videos'
+    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
+            (?:https?://)?web\.archive\.org/
+            (?:web/)?(?:(?P<date>[0-9]{14})?[0-9A-Za-z_*]*/)?  # /web and the version index is optional
+            (?:https?(?::|%3[Aa])//)?(?:
+                (?:(?:www|m)\.)?vlive\.tv(?::(?:80|443))?/(?:video|embed)/(?P<id>[0-9]+)  # VLive URL
+            )
+        '''
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/20221221144331/http://www.vlive.tv/video/1326',
+        'md5': 'cc7314812855ce56de70a06a27314983',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1326',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': "Girl's Day's Broadcast",
+            'creator': "Girl's Day",
+            'view_count': int,
+            'uploader_id': 'muploader_a',
+            'uploader_url': None,
+            'uploader': None,
+            'upload_date': '20150817',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)$',
+            'timestamp': 1439816449,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'channel': 'Girl\'s Day',
+            'channel_id': 'FDF27',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'release_timestamp': 1439818140,
+            'release_date': '20150817',
+            'duration': 1014,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/20221221182103/http://www.vlive.tv/video/16937',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '16937',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '첸백시 걍방',
+            'creator': 'EXO',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'subtitles': 'mincount:12',
+            'uploader_id': 'muploader_j',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://vlive.tv',
+            'uploader': None,
+            'upload_date': '20161112',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)$',
+            'timestamp': 1478923074,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'channel': 'EXO',
+            'channel_id': 'F94BD',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'release_timestamp': 1478924280,
+            'release_date': '20161112',
+            'duration': 906,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/20221127190050/http://www.vlive.tv/video/101870',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '101870',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '[ⓓ xV] “레벨이들 매력에 반해? 안 반해?” 움직이는 HD 포토 (레드벨벳:Red Velvet)',
+            'creator': 'Dispatch',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'subtitles': 'mincount:6',
+            'uploader_id': 'V__FRA08071',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://vlive.tv',
+            'uploader': None,
+            'upload_date': '20181130',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)$',
+            'timestamp': 1543601327,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'channel': 'Dispatch',
+            'channel_id': 'C796F3',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'release_timestamp': 1543601040,
+            'release_date': '20181130',
+            'duration': 279,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }]
+
+    # The wayback machine has special timestamp and "mode" values:
+    # timestamp:
+    #   1 = the first capture
+    #   2 = the last capture
+    # mode:
+    #   id_ = Identity - perform no alterations of the original resource, return it as it was archived.
+    _WAYBACK_BASE_URL = 'https://web.archive.org/web/2id_/'
+
+    def _download_archived_page(self, url, video_id, *, timestamp='2', **kwargs):
+        for retry in self.RetryManager():
+            try:
+                return self._download_webpage(f'https://web.archive.org/web/{timestamp}id_/{url}', video_id, **kwargs)
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                if isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 404:
+                    raise ExtractorError('Page was not archived', expected=True)
+                retry.error = e
+                continue
+
+    def _download_archived_json(self, url, video_id, **kwargs):
+        page = self._download_archived_page(url, video_id, **kwargs)
+        if not page:
+            raise ExtractorError('Page was not archived', expected=True)
+        else:
+            return self._parse_json(page, video_id)
+
+    def _extract_formats_from_m3u8(self, m3u8_url, params, video_id):
+        m3u8_doc = self._download_archived_page(m3u8_url, video_id, note='Downloading m3u8', query=params, fatal=False)
+        if not m3u8_doc:
+            return
+
+        # M3U8 document should be changed to archive domain
+        m3u8_doc = m3u8_doc.splitlines()
+        url_base = m3u8_url.rsplit('/', 1)[0]
+        first_segment = None
+        for i, line in enumerate(m3u8_doc):
+            if not line.startswith('#'):
+                m3u8_doc[i] = f'{self._WAYBACK_BASE_URL}{url_base}/{line}?{urllib.parse.urlencode(params)}'
+                first_segment = first_segment or m3u8_doc[i]
+
+        # Segments may not have been archived. See https://web.archive.org/web/20221127190050/http://www.vlive.tv/video/101870
+        urlh = self._request_webpage(HEADRequest(first_segment), video_id, errnote=False,
+                                     fatal=False, note='Check first segment availablity')
+        if urlh:
+            formats, subtitles = self._parse_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles('\n'.join(m3u8_doc), ext='mp4', video_id=video_id)
+            if subtitles:
+                self._report_ignoring_subs('m3u8')
+            return formats
+
+    # Closely follows the logic of the ArchiveTeam grab script
+    # See: https://github.com/ArchiveTeam/vlive-grab/blob/master/vlive.lua
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id, url_date = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'date')
+
+        webpage = self._download_archived_page(f'https://www.vlive.tv/video/{video_id}', video_id, timestamp=url_date)
+
+        player_info = self._search_json(r'__PRELOADED_STATE__\s*=', webpage, 'player info', video_id)
+        user_country = traverse_obj(player_info, ('common', 'userCountry'))
+
+        main_script_url = self._search_regex(r'<script\s+src="([^"]+/js/main\.[^"]+\.js)"', webpage, 'main script url')
+        main_script = self._download_archived_page(main_script_url, video_id, note='Downloading main script')
+        app_id = self._search_regex(r'appId\s*=\s*"([^"]+)"', main_script, 'app id')
+
+        inkey = self._download_archived_json(
+            f'https://www.vlive.tv/globalv-web/vam-web/video/v1.0/vod/{video_id}/inkey', video_id, note='Fetching inkey', query={
+                'appId': app_id,
+                'platformType': 'PC',
+                'gcc': user_country,
+                'locale': 'en_US',
+            }, fatal=False)
+
+        vod_id = traverse_obj(player_info, ('postDetail', 'post', 'officialVideo', 'vodId'))
+
+        vod_data = self._download_archived_json(
+            f'https://apis.naver.com/rmcnmv/rmcnmv/vod/play/v2.0/{vod_id}', video_id, note='Fetching vod data', query={
+                'key': inkey.get('inkey'),
+                'pid': 'rmcPlayer_16692457559726800',  # partially unix time and partially random. Fixed value used by archiveteam project
+                'sid': '2024',
+                'ver': '2.0',
+                'devt': 'html5_pc',
+                'doct': 'json',
+                'ptc': 'https',
+                'sptc': 'https',
+                'cpt': 'vtt',
+                'ctls': '%7B%22visible%22%3A%7B%22fullscreen%22%3Atrue%2C%22logo%22%3Afalse%2C%22playbackRate%22%3Afalse%2C%22scrap%22%3Afalse%2C%22playCount%22%3Atrue%2C%22commentCount%22%3Atrue%2C%22title%22%3Atrue%2C%22writer%22%3Atrue%2C%22expand%22%3Afalse%2C%22subtitles%22%3Atrue%2C%22thumbnails%22%3Atrue%2C%22quality%22%3Atrue%2C%22setting%22%3Atrue%2C%22script%22%3Afalse%2C%22logoDimmed%22%3Atrue%2C%22badge%22%3Atrue%2C%22seekingTime%22%3Atrue%2C%22muted%22%3Atrue%2C%22muteButton%22%3Afalse%2C%22viewerNotice%22%3Afalse%2C%22linkCount%22%3Afalse%2C%22createTime%22%3Afalse%2C%22thumbnail%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22clicked%22%3A%7B%22expand%22%3Afalse%2C%22subtitles%22%3Afalse%7D%7D',
+                'pv': '4.26.9',
+                'dr': '1920x1080',
+                'cpl': 'en_US',
+                'lc': 'en_US',
+                'adi': '%5B%7B%22type%22%3A%22pre%22%2C%22exposure%22%3Afalse%2C%22replayExposure%22%3Afalse%7D%5D',
+                'adu': '%2F',
+                'videoId': vod_id,
+                'cc': user_country,
+            })
+
+        formats = []
+
+        streams = traverse_obj(vod_data, ('streams', ...))
+        if len(streams) > 1:
+            self.report_warning('Multiple streams found. Only the first stream will be downloaded.')
+        stream = streams[0]
+
+        max_stream = max(
+            stream.get('videos') or [],
+            key=lambda v: traverse_obj(v, ('bitrate', 'video'), default=0), default=None)
+        if max_stream is not None:
+            params = {arg.get('name'): arg.get('value') for arg in stream.get('keys', []) if arg.get('type') == 'param'}
+            formats = self._extract_formats_from_m3u8(max_stream.get('source'), params, video_id) or []
+
+        # For parts of the project MP4 files were archived
+        max_video = max(
+            traverse_obj(vod_data, ('videos', 'list', ...)),
+            key=lambda v: traverse_obj(v, ('bitrate', 'video'), default=0), default=None)
+        if max_video is not None:
+            video_url = self._WAYBACK_BASE_URL + max_video.get('source')
+            urlh = self._request_webpage(HEADRequest(video_url), video_id, errnote=False,
+                                         fatal=False, note='Check video availablity')
+            if urlh:
+                formats.append({'url': video_url})
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+            **traverse_obj(player_info, ('postDetail', 'post', {
+                'title': ('officialVideo', 'title', {str}),
+                'creator': ('author', 'nickname', {str}),
+                'channel': ('channel', 'channelName', {str}),
+                'channel_id': ('channel', 'channelCode', {str}),
+                'duration': ('officialVideo', 'playTime', {int_or_none}),
+                'view_count': ('officialVideo', 'playCount', {int_or_none}),
+                'like_count': ('officialVideo', 'likeCount', {int_or_none}),
+                'comment_count': ('officialVideo', 'commentCount', {int_or_none}),
+                'timestamp': ('officialVideo', 'createdAt', {lambda x: int_or_none(x, scale=1000)}),
+                'release_timestamp': ('officialVideo', 'willStartAt', {lambda x: int_or_none(x, scale=1000)}),
+            })),
+            **traverse_obj(vod_data, ('meta', {
+                'uploader_id': ('user', 'id', {str}),
+                'uploader': ('user', 'name', {str}),
+                'uploader_url': ('user', 'url', {url_or_none}),
+                'thumbnail': ('cover', 'source', {url_or_none}),
+            }), expected_type=lambda x: x or None),
+            **NaverBaseIE.process_subtitles(vod_data, lambda x: [self._WAYBACK_BASE_URL + x]),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/arcpublishing.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/arcpublishing.py
index de9ccc5383..febd3d28a5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/arcpublishing.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/arcpublishing.py
@@ -144,7 +144,6 @@ class ArcPublishingIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': s_url,
                     'quality': -10,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for subtitle in (try_get(video, lambda x: x['subtitles']['urls'], list) or []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ard.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ard.py
index f294679eff..8660741ce4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ard.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ard.py
@@ -40,14 +40,15 @@ class ARDMediathekBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'This video is not available due to geoblocking',
                     countries=self._GEO_COUNTRIES, metadata_available=True)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         subtitles = {}
         subtitle_url = media_info.get('_subtitleUrl')
         if subtitle_url:
             subtitles['de'] = [{
                 'ext': 'ttml',
                 'url': subtitle_url,
+            }, {
+                'ext': 'vtt',
+                'url': subtitle_url.replace('/ebutt/', '/webvtt/') + '.vtt',
             }]
 
         return {
@@ -262,7 +263,6 @@ class ARDMediathekIE(ARDMediathekBaseIE):
                     'format_id': fid,
                     'url': furl,
                 })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             info = {
                 'formats': formats,
             }
@@ -289,16 +289,16 @@ class ARDMediathekIE(ARDMediathekBaseIE):
 class ARDIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<mainurl>https?://(?:www\.)?daserste\.de/(?:[^/?#&]+/)+(?P<id>[^/?#&]+))\.html'
     _TESTS = [{
-        # available till 7.01.2022
-        'url': 'https://www.daserste.de/information/talk/maischberger/videos/maischberger-die-woche-video100.html',
-        'md5': '867d8aa39eeaf6d76407c5ad1bb0d4c1',
+        # available till 7.12.2023
+        'url': 'https://www.daserste.de/information/talk/maischberger/videos/maischberger-video-424.html',
+        'md5': 'a438f671e87a7eba04000336a119ccc4',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'maischberger-die-woche-video100',
-            'display_id': 'maischberger-die-woche-video100',
+            'id': 'maischberger-video-424',
+            'display_id': 'maischberger-video-424',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'duration': 3687.0,
-            'title': 'maischberger. die woche vom 7. Januar 2021',
-            'upload_date': '20210107',
+            'duration': 4452.0,
+            'title': 'maischberger am 07.12.2022',
+            'upload_date': '20221207',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
         },
     }, {
@@ -371,7 +371,6 @@ class ARDIE(InfoExtractor):
                     continue
                 f['url'] = format_url
             formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         _SUB_FORMATS = (
             ('./dataTimedText', 'ttml'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/arkena.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/arkena.py
index 9a0273e2c3..de36ec8868 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/arkena.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/arkena.py
@@ -136,7 +136,6 @@ class ArkenaIE(InfoExtractor):
                         elif mime_type == 'application/vnd.ms-sstr+xml':
                             formats.extend(self._extract_ism_formats(
                                 href, video_id, ism_id='mss', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/arnes.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/arnes.py
index c80ce22337..a493714d1f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/arnes.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/arnes.py
@@ -73,7 +73,6 @@ class ArnesIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'width': int_or_none(media.get('width')),
                 'height': int_or_none(media.get('height')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         channel = video.get('channel') or {}
         channel_id = channel.get('url')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/arte.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/arte.py
index 25ecb42301..e3cc5afb05 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/arte.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/arte.py
@@ -65,6 +65,21 @@ class ArteTVIE(ArteTVBaseIE):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://api.arte.tv/api/player/v2/config/de/LIVE',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.arte.tv/de/videos/110203-006-A/zaz/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '110203-006-A',
+            'chapters': 'count:16',
+            'description': 'md5:cf592f1df52fe52007e3f8eac813c084',
+            'alt_title': 'Zaz',
+            'title': 'Baloise Session 2022',
+            'timestamp': 1668445200,
+            'duration': 4054,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://api-cdn.arte.tv/img/v2/image/ubQjmVCGyRx3hmBuZEK9QZ/940x530',
+            'upload_date': '20221114',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['geo restricted']
     }]
 
     _GEO_BYPASS = True
@@ -135,6 +150,7 @@ class ArteTVIE(ArteTVBaseIE):
                 'Video is not available in this language edition of Arte or broadcast rights expired', expected=True)
 
         formats, subtitles = [], {}
+        secondary_formats = []
         for stream in config['data']['attributes']['streams']:
             # official player contains code like `e.get("versions")[0].eStat.ml5`
             stream_version = stream['versions'][0]
@@ -152,22 +168,26 @@ class ArteTVIE(ArteTVBaseIE):
                     not m.group('sdh_sub'),                 # and we prefer not the hard-of-hearing subtitles if there are subtitles
                 )))
 
+            short_label = traverse_obj(stream_version, 'shortLabel', expected_type=str, default='?')
             if stream['protocol'].startswith('HLS'):
                 fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                     stream['url'], video_id=video_id, ext='mp4', m3u8_id=stream_version_code, fatal=False)
                 for fmt in fmts:
                     fmt.update({
-                        'format_note': f'{stream_version.get("label", "unknown")} [{stream_version.get("shortLabel", "?")}]',
+                        'format_note': f'{stream_version.get("label", "unknown")} [{short_label}]',
                         'language_preference': lang_pref,
                     })
-                formats.extend(fmts)
+                if any(map(short_label.startswith, ('cc', 'OGsub'))):
+                    secondary_formats.extend(fmts)
+                else:
+                    formats.extend(fmts)
                 self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
 
             elif stream['protocol'] in ('HTTPS', 'RTMP'):
                 formats.append({
                     'format_id': f'{stream["protocol"]}-{stream_version_code}',
                     'url': stream['url'],
-                    'format_note': f'{stream_version.get("label", "unknown")} [{stream_version.get("shortLabel", "?")}]',
+                    'format_note': f'{stream_version.get("label", "unknown")} [{short_label}]',
                     'language_preference': lang_pref,
                     # 'ext': 'mp4',  # XXX: may or may not be necessary, at least for HTTPS
                 })
@@ -175,11 +195,8 @@ class ArteTVIE(ArteTVBaseIE):
             else:
                 self.report_warning(f'Skipping stream with unknown protocol {stream["protocol"]}')
 
-            # TODO: chapters from stream['segments']?
-            # The JS also looks for chapters in config['data']['attributes']['chapters'],
-            # but I am yet to find a video having those
-
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        formats.extend(secondary_formats)
+        self._remove_duplicate_formats(formats)
 
         metadata = config['data']['attributes']['metadata']
 
@@ -199,6 +216,11 @@ class ArteTVIE(ArteTVBaseIE):
                 {'url': image['url'], 'id': image.get('caption')}
                 for image in metadata.get('images') or [] if url_or_none(image.get('url'))
             ],
+            # TODO: chapters may also be in stream['segments']?
+            'chapters': traverse_obj(config, ('data', 'attributes', 'chapters', 'elements', ..., {
+                'start_time': 'startTime',
+                'title': 'title',
+            })) or None,
         }
 
 
@@ -296,9 +318,7 @@ class ArteTVCategoryIE(ArteTVBaseIE):
             if any(ie.suitable(video) for ie in (ArteTVIE, ArteTVPlaylistIE, )):
                 items.append(video)
 
-        title = (self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None)
-                 or self._html_search_regex(r'<title\b[^>]*>([^<]+)</title>', default=None))
-        title = strip_or_none(title.rsplit('|', 1)[0]) or self._generic_title(url)
+        title = strip_or_none(self._generic_title('', webpage, default='').rsplit('|', 1)[0]) or None
 
         return self.playlist_from_matches(items, playlist_id=playlist_id, playlist_title=title,
                                           description=self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/atresplayer.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/atresplayer.py
index 39d1f1cc56..a20e7f9889 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/atresplayer.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/atresplayer.py
@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@ class AtresPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
             elif src_type == 'application/dash+xml':
                 formats, subtitles = self._extract_mpd_formats(
                     src, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         heartbeat = episode.get('heartbeat') or {}
         omniture = episode.get('omniture') or {}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/atvat.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/atvat.py
index 2311837e91..d6ed9e4958 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/atvat.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/atvat.py
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ class ATVAtIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': source_url,
                     'format_id': protocol,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': clip_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/audimedia.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/audimedia.py
index c1c4f67d0a..35114e5455 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/audimedia.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/audimedia.py
@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ class AudiMediaIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'format_id': 'http-%s' % bitrate,
                     })
                 formats.append(f)
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             return {
                 'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/audioboom.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/audioboom.py
index dc19a3874b..a23fcd2999 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/audioboom.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/audioboom.py
@@ -1,24 +1,33 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import (
-    clean_html,
-    float_or_none,
-)
+from ..utils import clean_html, float_or_none, traverse_obj, unescapeHTML
 
 
 class AudioBoomIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?audioboom\.com/(?:boos|posts)/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://audioboom.com/posts/7398103-asim-chaudhry',
-        'md5': '7b00192e593ff227e6a315486979a42d',
+        'md5': '4d68be11c9f9daf3dab0778ad1e010c3',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '7398103',
             'ext': 'mp3',
             'title': 'Asim Chaudhry',
-            'description': 'md5:2f3fef17dacc2595b5362e1d7d3602fc',
+            'description': 'md5:0ed714ae0e81e5d9119cac2f618ad679',
             'duration': 4000.99,
             'uploader': 'Sue Perkins: An hour or so with...',
             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?audioboom\.com/channel/perkins',
         }
+    }, {  # Direct mp3-file link
+        'url': 'https://audioboom.com/posts/8128496.mp3',
+        'md5': 'e329edf304d450def95c7f86a9165ee1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '8128496',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'TCRNo8 / DAILY 03 - In Control',
+            'description': 'md5:44665f142db74858dfa21c5b34787948',
+            'duration': 1689.7,
+            'uploader': 'Lost Dot Podcast: The Trans Pyrenees and Transcontinental Race',
+            'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?audioboom\.com/channels/5003904',
+        }
     }, {
         'url': 'https://audioboom.com/posts/4279833-3-09-2016-czaban-hour-3?t=0',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -26,45 +35,23 @@ class AudioBoomIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(f'https://audioboom.com/posts/{video_id}', video_id)
 
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-
-        clip = None
-
-        clip_store = self._parse_json(
-            self._html_search_regex(
-                r'data-new-clip-store=(["\'])(?P<json>{.+?})\1',
-                webpage, 'clip store', default='{}', group='json'),
-            video_id, fatal=False)
-        if clip_store:
-            clips = clip_store.get('clips')
-            if clips and isinstance(clips, list) and isinstance(clips[0], dict):
-                clip = clips[0]
-
-        def from_clip(field):
-            if clip:
-                return clip.get(field)
-
-        audio_url = from_clip('clipURLPriorToLoading') or self._og_search_property(
-            'audio', webpage, 'audio url')
-        title = from_clip('title') or self._html_search_meta(
-            ['og:title', 'og:audio:title', 'audio_title'], webpage)
-        description = from_clip('description') or clean_html(from_clip('formattedDescription')) or self._og_search_description(webpage)
-
-        duration = float_or_none(from_clip('duration') or self._html_search_meta(
-            'weibo:audio:duration', webpage))
-
-        uploader = from_clip('author') or self._html_search_meta(
-            ['og:audio:artist', 'twitter:audio:artist_name', 'audio_artist'], webpage, 'uploader')
-        uploader_url = from_clip('author_url') or self._html_search_meta(
-            'audioboo:channel', webpage, 'uploader url')
+        clip_store = self._search_json(
+            r'data-react-class="V5DetailPagePlayer"\s*data-react-props=["\']',
+            webpage, 'clip store', video_id, fatal=False, transform_source=unescapeHTML)
+        clip = traverse_obj(clip_store, ('clips', 0), expected_type=dict) or {}
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'url': audio_url,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': description,
-            'duration': duration,
-            'uploader': uploader,
-            'uploader_url': uploader_url,
+            'url': clip.get('clipURLPriorToLoading') or self._og_search_property('audio', webpage, 'audio url'),
+            'title': clip.get('title') or self._html_search_meta(['og:title', 'og:audio:title', 'audio_title'], webpage),
+            'description': (clip.get('description') or clean_html(clip.get('formattedDescription'))
+                            or self._og_search_description(webpage)),
+            'duration': float_or_none(clip.get('duration') or self._html_search_meta('weibo:audio:duration', webpage)),
+            'uploader': clip.get('author') or self._html_search_meta(
+                ['og:audio:artist', 'twitter:audio:artist_name', 'audio_artist'], webpage, 'uploader'),
+            'uploader_url': clip.get('author_url') or self._html_search_regex(
+                r'<div class="avatar flex-shrink-0">\s*<a href="(?P<uploader_url>http[^"]+)"',
+                webpage, 'uploader url', fatal=False),
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/audius.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/audius.py
index 0105d9db83..6448b449b9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/audius.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/audius.py
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ class AudiusIE(AudiusBaseIE):
         }
 
 
-class AudiusTrackIE(AudiusIE):
+class AudiusTrackIE(AudiusIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)(?:audius:)(?:https?://(?:www\.)?.+/v1/tracks/)?(?P<track_id>\w+)'''
     IE_NAME = 'audius:track'
     IE_DESC = 'Audius track ID or API link. Prepend with "audius:"'
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ class AudiusPlaylistIE(AudiusBaseIE):
                                     playlist_data.get('description'))
 
 
-class AudiusProfileIE(AudiusPlaylistIE):
+class AudiusProfileIE(AudiusPlaylistIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'audius:artist'
     IE_DESC = 'Audius.co profile/artist pages'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www)?audius\.co/(?P<id>[^\/]+)/?(?:[?#]|$)'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/aws.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/aws.py
index c2b22922be..eb831a1530 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/aws.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/aws.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import compat_urllib_parse_urlencode
 
 
-class AWSIE(InfoExtractor):
+class AWSIE(InfoExtractor):  # XXX: Conventionally, base classes should end with BaseIE/InfoExtractor
     _AWS_ALGORITHM = 'AWS4-HMAC-SHA256'
     _AWS_REGION = 'us-east-1'
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/banbye.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/banbye.py
index 92f567c5db..c873425656 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/banbye.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/banbye.py
@@ -80,8 +80,6 @@ class BanByeIE(BanByeBaseIE):
             'url': f'{self._CDN_BASE}/video/{video_id}/{quality}.mp4',
         } for quality in data['quality']]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': data.get('title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bandaichannel.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bandaichannel.py
index 2e32333761..d7fcf44bd9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bandaichannel.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bandaichannel.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-from .brightcove import BrightcoveNewIE
+from .brightcove import BrightcoveNewBaseIE
 from ..utils import extract_attributes
 
 
-class BandaiChannelIE(BrightcoveNewIE):
+class BandaiChannelIE(BrightcoveNewBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'bandaichannel'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?b-ch\.com/titles/(?P<id>\d+/\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bandcamp.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bandcamp.py
index 2dae49e770..e89b3a69b3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bandcamp.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bandcamp.py
@@ -5,16 +5,16 @@ import time
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import compat_str
 from ..utils import (
+    KNOWN_EXTENSIONS,
     ExtractorError,
     float_or_none,
     int_or_none,
-    KNOWN_EXTENSIONS,
     parse_filesize,
     str_or_none,
     try_get,
-    update_url_query,
     unified_strdate,
     unified_timestamp,
+    update_url_query,
     url_or_none,
     urljoin,
 )
@@ -29,11 +29,18 @@ class BandcampIE(InfoExtractor):
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '1812978515',
             'ext': 'mp3',
-            'title': "youtube-dl  \"'/\\ä↭ - youtube-dl  \"'/\\ä↭ - youtube-dl test song \"'/\\ä↭",
+            'title': 'youtube-dl "\'/\\ä↭ - youtube-dl "\'/\\ä↭ - youtube-dl test song "\'/\\ä↭',
             'duration': 9.8485,
-            'uploader': 'youtube-dl  "\'/\\ä↭',
+            'uploader': 'youtube-dl "\'/\\ä↭',
             'upload_date': '20121129',
             'timestamp': 1354224127,
+            'track': 'youtube-dl "\'/\\ä↭ - youtube-dl test song "\'/\\ä↭',
+            'album_artist': 'youtube-dl "\'/\\ä↭',
+            'track_id': '1812978515',
+            'artist': 'youtube-dl "\'/\\ä↭',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://youtube-dl.bandcamp.com',
+            'uploader_id': 'youtube-dl',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://f4.bcbits.com/img/a3216802731_5.jpg',
         },
         '_skip': 'There is a limit of 200 free downloads / month for the test song'
     }, {
@@ -41,7 +48,8 @@ class BandcampIE(InfoExtractor):
         'url': 'http://benprunty.bandcamp.com/track/lanius-battle',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '2650410135',
-            'ext': 'aiff',
+            'ext': 'm4a',
+            'acodec': r're:[fa]lac',
             'title': 'Ben Prunty - Lanius (Battle)',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
             'uploader': 'Ben Prunty',
@@ -54,7 +62,10 @@ class BandcampIE(InfoExtractor):
             'track_number': 1,
             'track_id': '2650410135',
             'artist': 'Ben Prunty',
+            'album_artist': 'Ben Prunty',
             'album': 'FTL: Advanced Edition Soundtrack',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://benprunty.bandcamp.com',
+            'uploader_id': 'benprunty',
         },
     }, {
         # no free download, mp3 128
@@ -75,7 +86,34 @@ class BandcampIE(InfoExtractor):
             'track_number': 5,
             'track_id': '2584466013',
             'artist': 'Mastodon',
+            'album_artist': 'Mastodon',
             'album': 'Call of the Mastodon',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://relapsealumni.bandcamp.com',
+            'uploader_id': 'relapsealumni',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # track from compilation album (artist/album_artist difference)
+        'url': 'https://diskotopia.bandcamp.com/track/safehouse',
+        'md5': '19c5337bca1428afa54129f86a2f6a69',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1978174799',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'submerse - submerse - Safehouse',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'uploader': 'submerse',
+            'timestamp': 1480779297,
+            'upload_date': '20161203',
+            'release_timestamp': 1481068800,
+            'release_date': '20161207',
+            'duration': 154.066,
+            'track': 'submerse - Safehouse',
+            'track_number': 3,
+            'track_id': '1978174799',
+            'artist': 'submerse',
+            'album_artist': 'Diskotopia',
+            'album': 'DSK F/W 2016-2017 Free Compilation',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://diskotopia.bandcamp.com',
+            'uploader_id': 'diskotopia',
         },
     }]
 
@@ -121,6 +159,9 @@ class BandcampIE(InfoExtractor):
         embed = self._extract_data_attr(webpage, title, 'embed', False)
         current = tralbum.get('current') or {}
         artist = embed.get('artist') or current.get('artist') or tralbum.get('artist')
+        album_artist = self._html_search_regex(
+            r'<h3 class="albumTitle">[\S\s]*?by\s*<span>\s*<a href="[^>]+">\s*([^>]+?)\s*</a>',
+            webpage, 'album artist', fatal=False)
         timestamp = unified_timestamp(
             current.get('publish_date') or tralbum.get('album_publish_date'))
 
@@ -184,8 +225,6 @@ class BandcampIE(InfoExtractor):
                             'acodec': format_id.split('-')[0],
                         })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         title = '%s - %s' % (artist, track) if artist else track
 
         if not duration:
@@ -207,11 +246,12 @@ class BandcampIE(InfoExtractor):
             'track_id': track_id,
             'artist': artist,
             'album': embed.get('album_title'),
+            'album_artist': album_artist,
             'formats': formats,
         }
 
 
-class BandcampAlbumIE(BandcampIE):
+class BandcampAlbumIE(BandcampIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'Bandcamp:album'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?P<subdomain>[^.]+)\.)?bandcamp\.com/album/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
 
@@ -314,7 +354,7 @@ class BandcampAlbumIE(BandcampIE):
         }
 
 
-class BandcampWeeklyIE(BandcampIE):
+class BandcampWeeklyIE(BandcampIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'Bandcamp:weekly'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bandcamp\.com/?\?(?:.*?&)?show=(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -363,7 +403,6 @@ class BandcampWeeklyIE(BandcampIE):
                 'ext': ext,
                 'vcodec': 'none',
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = show.get('audio_title') or 'Bandcamp Weekly'
         subtitle = show.get('subtitle')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bannedvideo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bannedvideo.py
index ec9bdd8cad..51e7220578 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bannedvideo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bannedvideo.py
@@ -135,7 +135,6 @@ query GetCommentReplies($id: String!) {
             formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                 video_info.get('streamUrl'), video_id, 'mp4',
                 entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', live=True))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bbc.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bbc.py
index 9a0a4414e7..9d28e70a3a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bbc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bbc.py
@@ -575,8 +575,6 @@ class BBCCoUkIE(InfoExtractor):
         else:
             programme_id, title, description, duration, formats, subtitles = self._download_playlist(group_id)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': programme_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -588,10 +586,15 @@ class BBCCoUkIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
-class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
+class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'bbc'
     IE_DESC = 'BBC'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bbc\.(?:com|co\.uk)/(?:[^/]+/)+(?P<id>[^/#?]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
+        https?://(?:www\.)?(?:
+            bbc\.(?:com|co\.uk)|
+            bbcnewsd73hkzno2ini43t4gblxvycyac5aw4gnv7t2rccijh7745uqd\.onion|
+            bbcweb3hytmzhn5d532owbu6oqadra5z3ar726vq5kgwwn6aucdccrad\.onion
+        )/(?:[^/]+/)+(?P<id>[^/#?]+)'''
 
     _MEDIA_SETS = [
         'pc',
@@ -841,6 +844,12 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
             'upload_date': '20190604',
             'categories': ['Psychology'],
         },
+    }, {  # onion routes
+        'url': 'https://www.bbcnewsd73hkzno2ini43t4gblxvycyac5aw4gnv7t2rccijh7745uqd.onion/news/av/world-europe-63208576',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bbcweb3hytmzhn5d532owbu6oqadra5z3ar726vq5kgwwn6aucdccrad.onion/sport/av/football/63195681',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     @classmethod
@@ -879,7 +888,6 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
     def _extract_from_playlist_sxml(self, url, playlist_id, timestamp):
         programme_id, title, description, duration, formats, subtitles = \
             self._process_legacy_playlist_url(url, playlist_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': programme_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -898,12 +906,8 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
         json_ld_info = self._search_json_ld(webpage, playlist_id, default={})
         timestamp = json_ld_info.get('timestamp')
 
-        playlist_title = json_ld_info.get('title')
-        if not playlist_title:
-            playlist_title = (self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None)
-                              or self._html_extract_title(webpage, 'playlist title', default=None))
-            if playlist_title:
-                playlist_title = re.sub(r'(.+)\s*-\s*BBC.*?$', r'\1', playlist_title).strip()
+        playlist_title = json_ld_info.get('title') or re.sub(
+            r'(.+)\s*-\s*BBC.*?$', r'\1', self._generic_title('', webpage, default='')).strip() or None
 
         playlist_description = json_ld_info.get(
             'description') or self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None)
@@ -947,7 +951,6 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
                             duration = int_or_none(items[0].get('duration'))
                             programme_id = items[0].get('vpid')
                             formats, subtitles = self._download_media_selector(programme_id)
-                            self._sort_formats(formats)
                             entries.append({
                                 'id': programme_id,
                                 'title': title,
@@ -984,7 +987,6 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
                                         continue
                                     raise
                             if entry:
-                                self._sort_formats(entry['formats'])
                                 entries.append(entry)
 
         if entries:
@@ -1008,7 +1010,6 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
 
         if programme_id:
             formats, subtitles = self._download_media_selector(programme_id)
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             # digitalData may be missing (e.g. http://www.bbc.com/autos/story/20130513-hyundais-rock-star)
             digital_data = self._parse_json(
                 self._search_regex(
@@ -1040,7 +1041,6 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
             if version_id:
                 title = smp_data['title']
                 formats, subtitles = self._download_media_selector(version_id)
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
                 image_url = smp_data.get('holdingImageURL')
                 display_date = init_data.get('displayDate')
                 topic_title = init_data.get('topicTitle')
@@ -1082,7 +1082,6 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
                     continue
                 title = lead_media.get('title') or self._og_search_title(webpage)
                 formats, subtitles = self._download_media_selector(programme_id)
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
                 description = lead_media.get('summary')
                 uploader = lead_media.get('masterBrand')
                 uploader_id = lead_media.get('mid')
@@ -1111,7 +1110,6 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
             if current_programme and programme_id and current_programme.get('type') == 'playable_item':
                 title = current_programme.get('titles', {}).get('tertiary') or playlist_title
                 formats, subtitles = self._download_media_selector(programme_id)
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
                 synopses = current_programme.get('synopses') or {}
                 network = current_programme.get('network') or {}
                 duration = int_or_none(
@@ -1144,7 +1142,6 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
             clip_title = clip.get('title')
             if clip_vpid and clip_title:
                 formats, subtitles = self._download_media_selector(clip_vpid)
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
                 return {
                     'id': clip_vpid,
                     'title': clip_title,
@@ -1166,7 +1163,6 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
                     if not programme_id:
                         continue
                     formats, subtitles = self._download_media_selector(programme_id)
-                    self._sort_formats(formats)
                     entries.append({
                         'id': programme_id,
                         'title': playlist_title,
@@ -1198,7 +1194,6 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
                     if not (item_id and item_title):
                         continue
                     formats, subtitles = self._download_media_selector(item_id)
-                    self._sort_formats(formats)
                     item_desc = None
                     blocks = try_get(media, lambda x: x['summary']['blocks'], list)
                     if blocks:
@@ -1299,7 +1294,6 @@ class BBCIE(BBCCoUkIE):
             formats, subtitles = self._extract_from_media_meta(media_meta, playlist_id)
             if not formats and not self.get_param('ignore_no_formats'):
                 continue
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             video_id = media_meta.get('externalId')
             if not video_id:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/beatbump.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/beatbump.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f40ebe7ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/beatbump.py
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from .youtube import YoutubeIE, YoutubeTabIE
+
+
+class BeatBumpVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https://beatbump\.ml/listen\?id=(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://beatbump.ml/listen?id=MgNrAu2pzNs',
+        'md5': '5ff3fff41d3935b9810a9731e485fe66',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
+            'artist': 'Stephen',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/MgNrAu2pzNs/maxresdefault.webp',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
+            'upload_date': '20190312',
+            'categories': ['Music'],
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'duration': 169,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'alt_title': 'Voyeur Girl',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
+            'uploader': 'Stephen - Topic',
+            'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'uploader_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
+            'channel': 'Stephen',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
+            'tags': 'count:11',
+            'creator': 'Stephen',
+            'channel_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        id_ = self._match_id(url)
+        return self.url_result(f'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v={id_}', YoutubeIE, id_)
+
+
+class BeatBumpPlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https://beatbump\.ml/(?:release\?id=|artist/|playlist/)(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://beatbump.ml/release?id=MPREb_gTAcphH99wE',
+        'playlist_count': 50,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'OLAK5uy_l1m0thk3g31NmIIz_vMIbWtyv7eZixlH0',
+            'availability': 'unlisted',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'title': 'Album - Royalty Free Music Library V2 (50 Songs)',
+            'description': '',
+            'tags': [],
+            'modified_date': '20221223',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://beatbump.ml/artist/UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+        'playlist_mincount': 1,
+        'params': {'flatplaylist': True},
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+            'uploader_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'title': 'NoCopyrightSounds - Videos',
+            'uploader': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
+            'description': 'md5:cd4fd53d81d363d05eee6c1b478b491a',
+            'channel': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
+            'tags': 'count:12',
+            'channel_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://beatbump.ml/playlist/VLPLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
+        'playlist_mincount': 1,
+        'params': {'flatplaylist': True},
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'PLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@NoCopyrightSounds',
+            'description': 'Providing you with copyright free / safe music for gaming, live streaming, studying and more!',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@NoCopyrightSounds',
+            'uploader_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+            'title': 'NCS : All Releases 💿',
+            'uploader': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'channel': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
+            'tags': [],
+            'modified_date': '20221225',
+            'channel_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        id_ = self._match_id(url)
+        return self.url_result(f'https://music.youtube.com/browse/{id_}', YoutubeTabIE, id_)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/beatport.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/beatport.py
index f71f1f3080..0aecbd089d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/beatport.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/beatport.py
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@ class BeatportIE(InfoExtractor):
                 fmt['abr'] = 96
                 fmt['asr'] = 44100
             formats.append(fmt)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         images = []
         for name, info in track['images'].items():
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/beeg.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/beeg.py
index 5957e370ab..52ee68eca7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/beeg.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/beeg.py
@@ -76,8 +76,6 @@ class BeegIE(InfoExtractor):
                 f['height'] = height
             formats.extend(current_formats)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'display_id': first_fact.get('id'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/berufetv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/berufetv.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8160cbd9a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/berufetv.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import float_or_none, mimetype2ext, traverse_obj
+
+
+class BerufeTVIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?web\.arbeitsagentur\.de/berufetv/[^?#]+/film;filmId=(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://web.arbeitsagentur.de/berufetv/studienberufe/wirtschaftswissenschaften/wirtschaftswissenschaften-volkswirtschaft/film;filmId=DvKC3DUpMKvUZ_6fEnfg3u',
+        'md5': '041b6432ec8e6838f84a5c30f31cc795',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'DvKC3DUpMKvUZ_6fEnfg3u',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Volkswirtschaftslehre',
+            'description': 'md5:6bd87d0c63163480a6489a37526ee1c1',
+            'categories': ['Studien&shy;beruf'],
+            'tags': ['Studienfilm'],
+            'duration': 602.440,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https://asset-out-cdn\.video-cdn\.net/private/videos/DvKC3DUpMKvUZ_6fEnfg3u/thumbnails/793063\?quality=thumbnail&__token__=[^\s]+$',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        movie_metadata = self._download_json(
+            'https://rest.arbeitsagentur.de/infosysbub/berufetv/pc/v1/film-metadata',
+            video_id, 'Downloading JSON metadata',
+            headers={'X-API-Key': '79089773-4892-4386-86e6-e8503669f426'}, fatal=False)
+
+        meta = traverse_obj(
+            movie_metadata, ('metadaten', lambda _, i: video_id == i['miId']),
+            get_all=False, default={})
+
+        video = self._download_json(
+            f'https://d.video-cdn.net/play/player/8YRzUk6pTzmBdrsLe9Y88W/video/{video_id}',
+            video_id, 'Downloading video JSON')
+
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+        for key, source in video['videoSources']['html'].items():
+            if key == 'auto':
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(source[0]['source'], video_id)
+                formats += fmts
+                subtitles = subs
+            else:
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': source[0]['source'],
+                    'ext': mimetype2ext(source[0]['mimeType']),
+                    'format_id': key,
+                })
+
+        for track in video.get('videoTracks') or []:
+            if track.get('type') != 'SUBTITLES':
+                continue
+            subtitles.setdefault(track['language'], []).append({
+                'url': track['source'],
+                'name': track.get('label'),
+                'ext': 'vtt'
+            })
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': meta.get('titel') or traverse_obj(video, ('videoMetaData', 'title')),
+            'description': meta.get('beschreibung'),
+            'thumbnail': meta.get('thumbnail') or f'https://asset-out-cdn.video-cdn.net/private/videos/{video_id}/thumbnails/active',
+            'duration': float_or_none(video.get('duration'), scale=1000),
+            'categories': [meta['kategorie']] if meta.get('kategorie') else None,
+            'tags': meta.get('themengebiete'),
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'formats': formats,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bfmtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bfmtv.py
index 48526e38b6..a7be0e67de 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bfmtv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bfmtv.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from ..utils import extract_attributes
 
 
 class BFMTVBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL_BASE = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bfmtv\.com/'
+    _VALID_URL_BASE = r'https?://(?:www\.|rmc\.)?bfmtv\.com/'
     _VALID_URL_TMPL = _VALID_URL_BASE + r'(?:[^/]+/)*[^/?&#]+_%s[A-Z]-(?P<id>\d{12})\.html'
     _VIDEO_BLOCK_REGEX = r'(<div[^>]+class="video_block"[^>]*>)'
     BRIGHTCOVE_URL_TEMPLATE = 'http://players.brightcove.net/%s/%s_default/index.html?videoId=%s'
@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ class BFMTVIE(BFMTVBaseIE):
             'uploader_id': '876450610001',
             'upload_date': '20201002',
             'timestamp': 1601629620,
+            'duration': 44.757,
+            'tags': ['bfmactu', 'politique'],
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cf-images.eu-west-1.prod.boltdns.net/v1/static/876450610001/5041f4c1-bc48-4af8-a256-1b8300ad8ef0/cf2f9114-e8e2-4494-82b4-ab794ea4bc7d/1920x1080/match/image.jpg',
         },
     }]
 
@@ -42,7 +45,7 @@ class BFMTVIE(BFMTVBaseIE):
         return self._brightcove_url_result(video_block['videoid'], video_block)
 
 
-class BFMTVLiveIE(BFMTVIE):
+class BFMTVLiveIE(BFMTVIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'bfmtv:live'
     _VALID_URL = BFMTVBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE + '(?P<id>(?:[^/]+/)?en-direct)'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -81,6 +84,20 @@ class BFMTVArticleIE(BFMTVBaseIE):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.bfmtv.com/sante/covid-19-oui-le-vaccin-de-pfizer-distribue-en-france-a-bien-ete-teste-sur-des-personnes-agees_AN-202101060275.html',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://rmc.bfmtv.com/actualites/societe/transports/ce-n-est-plus-tout-rentable-le-bioethanol-e85-depasse-1eu-le-litre-des-automobilistes-regrettent_AV-202301100268.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6318445464112',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Le plein de bioéthanol fait de plus en plus mal à la pompe',
+            'description': None,
+            'uploader_id': '876630703001',
+            'upload_date': '20230110',
+            'timestamp': 1673341692,
+            'duration': 109.269,
+            'tags': ['rmc', 'show', 'apolline de malherbe', 'info', 'talk', 'matinale', 'radio'],
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cf-images.eu-west-1.prod.boltdns.net/v1/static/876630703001/5bef74b8-9d5e-4480-a21f-60c2e2480c46/96c88b74-f9db-45e1-8040-e199c5da216c/1920x1080/match/image.jpg'
+        }
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bigflix.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bigflix.py
index 6b2797ca00..02d1ba0e3f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bigflix.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bigflix.py
@@ -63,8 +63,6 @@ class BigflixIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': decode_url(file_url),
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         description = self._html_search_meta('description', webpage)
 
         return {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py
index 2c29bf3ce4..c344397792 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py
@@ -1,424 +1,118 @@
 import base64
-import hashlib
-import itertools
 import functools
-import re
+import itertools
 import math
+import urllib.error
+import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
-from ..compat import (
-    compat_parse_qs,
-    compat_urlparse,
-    compat_urllib_parse_urlparse
-)
+from ..dependencies import Cryptodome
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
+    GeoRestrictedError,
+    InAdvancePagedList,
+    OnDemandPagedList,
     filter_dict,
-    int_or_none,
     float_or_none,
+    format_field,
+    int_or_none,
+    make_archive_id,
+    merge_dicts,
     mimetype2ext,
-    parse_iso8601,
-    qualities,
-    traverse_obj,
     parse_count,
+    parse_qs,
+    qualities,
     smuggle_url,
     srt_subtitles_timecode,
     str_or_none,
-    strip_jsonp,
-    unified_timestamp,
+    traverse_obj,
     unsmuggle_url,
-    urlencode_postdata,
     url_or_none,
-    OnDemandPagedList
+    urlencode_postdata,
 )
 
 
-class BiliBiliIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
-                    https?://
-                        (?:(?:www|bangumi)\.)?
-                        bilibili\.(?:tv|com)/
-                        (?:
-                            (?:
-                                video/[aA][vV]|
-                                anime/(?P<anime_id>\d+)/play\#
-                            )(?P<id>\d+)|
-                            (s/)?video/[bB][vV](?P<id_bv>[^/?#&]+)
-                        )
-                        (?:/?\?p=(?P<page>\d+))?
-                    '''
-
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.bilibili.com/video/av1074402/',
-        'md5': '7ac275ec84a99a6552c5d229659a0fe1',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1074402_part1',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': '【金坷垃】金泡沫',
-            'uploader_id': '156160',
-            'uploader': '菊子桑',
-            'upload_date': '20140420',
-            'description': 'md5:ce18c2a2d2193f0df2917d270f2e5923',
-            'timestamp': 1398012678,
-            'tags': ['顶上去报复社会', '该来的总会来的', '金克拉是检验歌曲的唯一标准', '坷垃教主', '金坷垃', '邓紫棋', '治愈系坷垃'],
-            'bv_id': 'BV11x411K7CN',
-            'cid': '1554319',
-            'thumbnail': 'http://i2.hdslb.com/bfs/archive/c79a8cf0347cd7a897c53a2f756e96aead128e8c.jpg',
-            'duration': 308.36,
-        },
-    }, {
-        # Tested in BiliBiliBangumiIE
-        'url': 'http://bangumi.bilibili.com/anime/1869/play#40062',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        # bilibili.tv
-        'url': 'http://www.bilibili.tv/video/av1074402/',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://bangumi.bilibili.com/anime/5802/play#100643',
-        'md5': '3f721ad1e75030cc06faf73587cfec57',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '100643_part1',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'CHAOS;CHILD',
-            'description': '如果你是神明，并且能够让妄想成为现实。那你会进行怎么样的妄想？是淫靡的世界？独裁社会？毁灭性的制裁？还是……2015年，涩谷。从6年前发生的大灾害“涩谷地震”之后复兴了的这个街区里新设立的私立高中...',
-        },
-        'skip': 'Geo-restricted to China',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.bilibili.com/video/av8903802/',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '8903802_part1',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': '阿滴英文｜英文歌分享#6 "Closer',
-            'upload_date': '20170301',
-            'description': '滴妹今天唱Closer給你聽! 有史以来，被推最多次也是最久的歌曲，其实歌词跟我原本想像差蛮多的，不过还是好听！ 微博@阿滴英文',
-            'timestamp': 1488382634,
-            'uploader_id': '65880958',
-            'uploader': '阿滴英文',
-            'thumbnail': 'http://i2.hdslb.com/bfs/archive/49267ce20bc246be6304bf369a3ded0256854c23.jpg',
-            'cid': '14694589',
-            'duration': 554.117,
-            'bv_id': 'BV13x41117TL',
-            'tags': ['人文', '英语', '文化', '公开课', '阿滴英文'],
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }, {
-        # new BV video id format
-        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1JE411F741',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        # Anthology
-        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1bK411W797',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'BV1bK411W797',
-            'title': '物语中的人物是如何吐槽自己的OP的'
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 17,
-    }, {
-        # Correct matching of single and double quotes in title
-        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1NY411E7Rx/',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '255513412_part1',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Vid"eo" Te\'st',
-            'cid': '570602418',
-            'thumbnail': 'http://i2.hdslb.com/bfs/archive/0c0de5a90b6d5b991b8dcc6cde0afbf71d564791.jpg',
-            'upload_date': '20220408',
-            'timestamp': 1649436552,
-            'description': 'Vid"eo" Te\'st',
-            'uploader_id': '1630758804',
-            'bv_id': 'BV1NY411E7Rx',
-            'duration': 60.394,
-            'uploader': 'bili_31244483705',
-            'tags': ['VLOG'],
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }]
-
-    _APP_KEY = 'iVGUTjsxvpLeuDCf'
-    _BILIBILI_KEY = 'aHRmhWMLkdeMuILqORnYZocwMBpMEOdt'
-
-    def _report_error(self, result):
-        if 'message' in result:
-            raise ExtractorError('%s said: %s' % (self.IE_NAME, result['message']), expected=True)
-        elif 'code' in result:
-            raise ExtractorError('%s returns error %d' % (self.IE_NAME, result['code']), expected=True)
-        else:
-            raise ExtractorError('Can\'t extract Bangumi episode ID')
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
-
-        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
-        video_id = mobj.group('id_bv') or mobj.group('id')
-
-        av_id, bv_id = self._get_video_id_set(video_id, mobj.group('id_bv') is not None)
-        video_id = av_id
-
-        info = {}
-        anime_id = mobj.group('anime_id')
-        page_id = mobj.group('page')
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-
-        # Bilibili anthologies are similar to playlists but all videos share the same video ID as the anthology itself.
-        # If the video has no page argument, check to see if it's an anthology
-        if page_id is None:
-            if not self.get_param('noplaylist'):
-                r = self._extract_anthology_entries(bv_id, video_id, webpage)
-                if r is not None:
-                    self.to_screen('Downloading anthology %s - add --no-playlist to just download video' % video_id)
-                    return r
-            else:
-                self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
-
-        if 'anime/' not in url:
-            cid = self._search_regex(
-                r'\bcid(?:["\']:|=)(\d+),["\']page(?:["\']:|=)' + str(page_id), webpage, 'cid',
-                default=None
-            ) or self._search_regex(
-                r'\bcid(?:["\']:|=)(\d+)', webpage, 'cid',
-                default=None
-            ) or compat_parse_qs(self._search_regex(
-                [r'EmbedPlayer\([^)]+,\s*"([^"]+)"\)',
-                 r'EmbedPlayer\([^)]+,\s*\\"([^"]+)\\"\)',
-                 r'<iframe[^>]+src="https://secure\.bilibili\.com/secure,([^"]+)"'],
-                webpage, 'player parameters'))['cid'][0]
-        else:
-            if 'no_bangumi_tip' not in smuggled_data:
-                self.to_screen('Downloading episode %s. To download all videos in anime %s, re-run yt-dlp with %s' % (
-                    video_id, anime_id, compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '//bangumi.bilibili.com/anime/%s' % anime_id)))
-            headers = {
-                'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
-                'Referer': url
-            }
-            headers.update(self.geo_verification_headers())
-
-            js = self._download_json(
-                'http://bangumi.bilibili.com/web_api/get_source', video_id,
-                data=urlencode_postdata({'episode_id': video_id}),
-                headers=headers)
-            if 'result' not in js:
-                self._report_error(js)
-            cid = js['result']['cid']
-
-        headers = {
-            'Accept': 'application/json',
-            'Referer': url
+class BilibiliBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    def extract_formats(self, play_info):
+        format_names = {
+            r['quality']: traverse_obj(r, 'new_description', 'display_desc')
+            for r in traverse_obj(play_info, ('support_formats', lambda _, v: v['quality']))
         }
-        headers.update(self.geo_verification_headers())
 
-        video_info = self._parse_json(
-            self._search_regex(r'window.__playinfo__\s*=\s*({.+?})</script>', webpage, 'video info', default=None) or '{}',
-            video_id, fatal=False)
-        video_info = video_info.get('data') or {}
-
-        durl = traverse_obj(video_info, ('dash', 'video'))
-        audios = traverse_obj(video_info, ('dash', 'audio')) or []
-        flac_audio = traverse_obj(video_info, ('dash', 'flac', 'audio'))
+        audios = traverse_obj(play_info, ('dash', 'audio', ...))
+        flac_audio = traverse_obj(play_info, ('dash', 'flac', 'audio'))
         if flac_audio:
             audios.append(flac_audio)
-        entries = []
+        formats = [{
+            'url': traverse_obj(audio, 'baseUrl', 'base_url', 'url'),
+            'ext': mimetype2ext(traverse_obj(audio, 'mimeType', 'mime_type')),
+            'acodec': audio.get('codecs'),
+            'vcodec': 'none',
+            'tbr': float_or_none(audio.get('bandwidth'), scale=1000),
+            'filesize': int_or_none(audio.get('size'))
+        } for audio in audios]
 
-        RENDITIONS = ('qn=80&quality=80&type=', 'quality=2&type=mp4')
-        for num, rendition in enumerate(RENDITIONS, start=1):
-            payload = 'appkey=%s&cid=%s&otype=json&%s' % (self._APP_KEY, cid, rendition)
-            sign = hashlib.md5((payload + self._BILIBILI_KEY).encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
-            if not video_info:
-                video_info = self._download_json(
-                    'http://interface.bilibili.com/v2/playurl?%s&sign=%s' % (payload, sign),
-                    video_id, note='Downloading video info page',
-                    headers=headers, fatal=num == len(RENDITIONS))
-                if not video_info:
-                    continue
+        formats.extend({
+            'url': traverse_obj(video, 'baseUrl', 'base_url', 'url'),
+            'ext': mimetype2ext(traverse_obj(video, 'mimeType', 'mime_type')),
+            'fps': float_or_none(traverse_obj(video, 'frameRate', 'frame_rate')),
+            'width': int_or_none(video.get('width')),
+            'height': int_or_none(video.get('height')),
+            'vcodec': video.get('codecs'),
+            'acodec': 'none' if audios else None,
+            'tbr': float_or_none(video.get('bandwidth'), scale=1000),
+            'filesize': int_or_none(video.get('size')),
+            'quality': int_or_none(video.get('id')),
+            'format': format_names.get(video.get('id')),
+        } for video in traverse_obj(play_info, ('dash', 'video', ...)))
 
-            if not durl and 'durl' not in video_info:
-                if num < len(RENDITIONS):
-                    continue
-                self._report_error(video_info)
+        missing_formats = format_names.keys() - set(traverse_obj(formats, (..., 'quality')))
+        if missing_formats:
+            self.to_screen(f'Format(s) {", ".join(format_names[i] for i in missing_formats)} are missing; '
+                           f'you have to login or become premium member to download them. {self._login_hint()}')
 
-            formats = []
-            for idx, durl in enumerate(durl or video_info['durl']):
-                formats.append({
-                    'url': durl.get('baseUrl') or durl.get('base_url') or durl.get('url'),
-                    'ext': mimetype2ext(durl.get('mimeType') or durl.get('mime_type')),
-                    'fps': int_or_none(durl.get('frameRate') or durl.get('frame_rate')),
-                    'width': int_or_none(durl.get('width')),
-                    'height': int_or_none(durl.get('height')),
-                    'vcodec': durl.get('codecs'),
-                    'acodec': 'none' if audios else None,
-                    'tbr': float_or_none(durl.get('bandwidth'), scale=1000),
-                    'filesize': int_or_none(durl.get('size')),
-                })
-                for backup_url in traverse_obj(durl, 'backup_url', expected_type=list) or []:
-                    formats.append({
-                        'url': backup_url,
-                        'quality': -2 if 'hd.mp4' in backup_url else -3,
-                    })
+        return formats
 
-            for audio in audios:
-                formats.append({
-                    'url': audio.get('baseUrl') or audio.get('base_url') or audio.get('url'),
-                    'ext': mimetype2ext(audio.get('mimeType') or audio.get('mime_type')),
-                    'fps': int_or_none(audio.get('frameRate') or audio.get('frame_rate')),
-                    'width': int_or_none(audio.get('width')),
-                    'height': int_or_none(audio.get('height')),
-                    'acodec': audio.get('codecs'),
-                    'vcodec': 'none',
-                    'tbr': float_or_none(audio.get('bandwidth'), scale=1000),
-                    'filesize': int_or_none(audio.get('size'))
-                })
-                for backup_url in traverse_obj(audio, 'backup_url', expected_type=list) or []:
-                    formats.append({
-                        'url': backup_url,
-                        # backup URLs have lower priorities
-                        'quality': -3,
-                    })
+    def json2srt(self, json_data):
+        srt_data = ''
+        for idx, line in enumerate(json_data.get('body') or []):
+            srt_data += (f'{idx + 1}\n'
+                         f'{srt_subtitles_timecode(line["from"])} --> {srt_subtitles_timecode(line["to"])}\n'
+                         f'{line["content"]}\n\n')
+        return srt_data
 
-            info.update({
-                'id': video_id,
-                'duration': float_or_none(durl.get('length'), 1000),
-                'formats': formats,
-                'http_headers': {
-                    'Referer': url,
-                },
-            })
-            break
-
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        title = self._html_search_regex((
-            r'<h1[^>]+title=(["])(?P<content>[^"]+)',
-            r'<h1[^>]+title=([\'])(?P<content>[^\']+)',
-            r'(?s)<h1[^>]*>(?P<content>.+?)</h1>',
-            self._meta_regex('title')
-        ), webpage, 'title', group='content', fatal=False)
-
-        # Get part title for anthologies
-        if page_id is not None:
-            # TODO: The json is already downloaded by _extract_anthology_entries. Don't redownload for each video.
-            part_info = traverse_obj(self._download_json(
-                f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/player/pagelist?bvid={bv_id}&jsonp=jsonp',
-                video_id, note='Extracting videos in anthology'), 'data', expected_type=list)
-            title = title if len(part_info) == 1 else traverse_obj(part_info, (int(page_id) - 1, 'part')) or title
-
-        description = self._html_search_meta('description', webpage)
-        timestamp = unified_timestamp(self._html_search_regex(
-            r'<time[^>]+datetime="([^"]+)"', webpage, 'upload time',
-            default=None) or self._html_search_meta(
-            'uploadDate', webpage, 'timestamp', default=None))
-        thumbnail = self._html_search_meta(['og:image', 'thumbnailUrl'], webpage)
-
-        # TODO 'view_count' requires deobfuscating Javascript
-        info.update({
-            'id': f'{video_id}_part{page_id or 1}',
-            'cid': cid,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': description,
-            'timestamp': timestamp,
-            'thumbnail': thumbnail,
-            'duration': float_or_none(video_info.get('timelength'), scale=1000),
-        })
-
-        uploader_mobj = re.search(
-            r'<a[^>]+href="(?:https?:)?//space\.bilibili\.com/(?P<id>\d+)"[^>]*>\s*(?P<name>[^<]+?)\s*<',
-            webpage)
-        if uploader_mobj:
-            info.update({
-                'uploader': uploader_mobj.group('name').strip(),
-                'uploader_id': uploader_mobj.group('id'),
-            })
-
-        if not info.get('uploader'):
-            info['uploader'] = self._html_search_meta(
-                'author', webpage, 'uploader', default=None)
-
-        top_level_info = {
-            'tags': traverse_obj(self._download_json(
-                f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/tag/archive/tags?aid={video_id}',
-                video_id, fatal=False, note='Downloading tags'), ('data', ..., 'tag_name')),
-        }
-
-        info['subtitles'] = {
+    def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, aid, cid):
+        subtitles = {
             'danmaku': [{
                 'ext': 'xml',
                 'url': f'https://comment.bilibili.com/{cid}.xml',
             }]
         }
 
-        r'''
-        # Requires https://github.com/m13253/danmaku2ass which is licenced under GPL3
-        # See https://github.com/animelover1984/youtube-dl
+        video_info_json = self._download_json(f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/player/v2?aid={aid}&cid={cid}', video_id)
+        for s in traverse_obj(video_info_json, ('data', 'subtitle', 'subtitles', ...)):
+            subtitles.setdefault(s['lan'], []).append({
+                'ext': 'srt',
+                'data': self.json2srt(self._download_json(s['subtitle_url'], video_id))
+            })
+        return subtitles
 
-        raw_danmaku = self._download_webpage(
-            f'https://comment.bilibili.com/{cid}.xml', video_id, fatal=False, note='Downloading danmaku comments')
-        danmaku = NiconicoIE.CreateDanmaku(raw_danmaku, commentType='Bilibili', x=1024, y=576)
-        entries[0]['subtitles'] = {
-            'danmaku': [{
-                'ext': 'ass',
-                'data': danmaku
-            }]
-        }
-        '''
+    def _get_chapters(self, aid, cid):
+        chapters = aid and cid and self._download_json(
+            'https://api.bilibili.com/x/player/v2', aid, query={'aid': aid, 'cid': cid},
+            note='Extracting chapters', fatal=False)
+        return traverse_obj(chapters, ('data', 'view_points', ..., {
+            'title': 'content',
+            'start_time': 'from',
+            'end_time': 'to',
+        })) or None
 
-        top_level_info['__post_extractor'] = self.extract_comments(video_id)
-
-        for entry in entries:
-            entry.update(info)
-
-        if len(entries) == 1:
-            entries[0].update(top_level_info)
-            return entries[0]
-
-        for idx, entry in enumerate(entries):
-            entry['id'] = '%s_part%d' % (video_id, (idx + 1))
-
-        return {
-            'id': str(video_id),
-            'bv_id': bv_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': description,
-            **info, **top_level_info
-        }
-
-    def _extract_anthology_entries(self, bv_id, video_id, webpage):
-        title = self._html_search_regex(
-            (r'<h1[^>]+\btitle=(["\'])(?P<title>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
-             r'(?s)<h1[^>]*>(?P<title>.+?)</h1>',
-             r'<title>(?P<title>.+?)</title>'), webpage, 'title',
-            group='title')
-        json_data = self._download_json(
-            f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/player/pagelist?bvid={bv_id}&jsonp=jsonp',
-            video_id, note='Extracting videos in anthology')
-
-        if json_data['data']:
-            return self.playlist_from_matches(
-                json_data['data'], bv_id, title, ie=BiliBiliIE.ie_key(),
-                getter=lambda entry: 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/%s?p=%d' % (bv_id, entry['page']))
-
-    def _get_video_id_set(self, id, is_bv):
-        query = {'bvid': id} if is_bv else {'aid': id}
-        response = self._download_json(
-            "http://api.bilibili.cn/x/web-interface/view",
-            id, query=query,
-            note='Grabbing original ID via API')
-
-        if response['code'] == -400:
-            raise ExtractorError('Video ID does not exist', expected=True, video_id=id)
-        elif response['code'] != 0:
-            raise ExtractorError(f'Unknown error occurred during API check (code {response["code"]})',
-                                 expected=True, video_id=id)
-        return response['data']['aid'], response['data']['bvid']
-
-    def _get_comments(self, video_id, commentPageNumber=0):
+    def _get_comments(self, aid):
         for idx in itertools.count(1):
             replies = traverse_obj(
                 self._download_json(
-                    f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/v2/reply?pn={idx}&oid={video_id}&type=1&jsonp=jsonp&sort=2&_=1567227301685',
-                    video_id, note=f'Extracting comments from page {idx}', fatal=False),
+                    f'https://api.bilibili.com/x/v2/reply?pn={idx}&oid={aid}&type=1&jsonp=jsonp&sort=2&_=1567227301685',
+                    aid, note=f'Extracting comments from page {idx}', fatal=False),
                 ('data', 'replies'))
             if not replies:
                 return
@@ -434,110 +128,440 @@ class BiliBiliIE(InfoExtractor):
             'timestamp': reply.get('ctime'),
             'parent': reply.get('parent') or 'root',
         }
-        for children in map(self._get_all_children, reply.get('replies') or []):
+        for children in map(self._get_all_children, traverse_obj(reply, ('replies', ...))):
             yield from children
 
 
-class BiliBiliBangumiIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://bangumi\.bilibili\.com/anime/(?P<id>\d+)'
-
-    IE_NAME = 'bangumi.bilibili.com'
-    IE_DESC = 'BiliBili番剧'
+class BiliBiliIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.bilibili\.com/video/[aAbB][vV](?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
 
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://bangumi.bilibili.com/anime/1869',
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV13x41117TL',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1869',
-            'title': '混沌武士',
-            'description': 'md5:6a9622b911565794c11f25f81d6a97d2',
+            'id': 'BV13x41117TL',
+            'title': '阿滴英文｜英文歌分享#6 "Closer',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'description': '滴妹今天唱Closer給你聽! 有史以来，被推最多次也是最久的歌曲，其实歌词跟我原本想像差蛮多的，不过还是好听！ 微博@阿滴英文',
+            'uploader_id': '65880958',
+            'uploader': '阿滴英文',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+            'duration': 554.117,
+            'tags': list,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'upload_date': '20170301',
+            'timestamp': 1488353834,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
         },
-        'playlist_count': 26,
     }, {
-        'url': 'http://bangumi.bilibili.com/anime/1869',
+        # old av URL version
+        'url': 'http://www.bilibili.com/video/av1074402/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1869',
-            'title': '混沌武士',
-            'description': 'md5:6a9622b911565794c11f25f81d6a97d2',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg)$',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'uploader': '菊子桑',
+            'uploader_id': '156160',
+            'id': 'BV11x411K7CN',
+            'title': '【金坷垃】金泡沫',
+            'duration': 308.36,
+            'upload_date': '20140420',
+            'timestamp': 1397983878,
+            'description': 'md5:ce18c2a2d2193f0df2917d270f2e5923',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'tags': list,
         },
+        'params': {'skip_download': True},
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Anthology',
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1bK411W797',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'BV1bK411W797',
+            'title': '物语中的人物是如何吐槽自己的OP的'
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 18,
         'playlist': [{
-            'md5': '91da8621454dd58316851c27c68b0c13',
             'info_dict': {
-                'id': '40062',
+                'id': 'BV1bK411W797_p1',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': '混沌武士',
-                'description': '故事发生在日本的江户时代。风是一个小酒馆的打工女。一日，酒馆里来了一群恶霸，虽然他们的举动令风十分不满，但是毕竟风只是一届女流，无法对他们采取什么行动，只能在心里嘟哝。这时，酒家里又进来了个“不良份子...',
-                'timestamp': 1414538739,
-                'upload_date': '20141028',
-                'episode': '疾风怒涛 Tempestuous Temperaments',
-                'episode_number': 1,
-            },
-        }],
-        'params': {
-            'playlist_items': '1',
+                'title': '物语中的人物是如何吐槽自己的OP的 p01 Staple Stable/战场原+羽川',
+                'tags': 'count:11',
+                'timestamp': 1589601697,
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+                'uploader': '打牌还是打桩',
+                'uploader_id': '150259984',
+                'like_count': int,
+                'comment_count': int,
+                'upload_date': '20200516',
+                'view_count': int,
+                'description': 'md5:e3c401cf7bc363118d1783dd74068a68',
+                'duration': 90.314,
+            }
+        }]
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Specific page of Anthology',
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1bK411W797?p=1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'BV1bK411W797_p1',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '物语中的人物是如何吐槽自己的OP的 p01 Staple Stable/战场原+羽川',
+            'tags': 'count:11',
+            'timestamp': 1589601697,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+            'uploader': '打牌还是打桩',
+            'uploader_id': '150259984',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'upload_date': '20200516',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'description': 'md5:e3c401cf7bc363118d1783dd74068a68',
+            'duration': 90.314,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'note': 'video has subtitles',
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV12N4y1M7rh',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'BV12N4y1M7rh',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'md5:96e8bb42c2b432c0d4ce3434a61479c1',
+            'tags': list,
+            'description': 'md5:afde2b7ba9025c01d9e3dde10de221e4',
+            'duration': 313.557,
+            'upload_date': '20220709',
+            'uploader': '小夫Tech',
+            'timestamp': 1657347907,
+            'uploader_id': '1326814124',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+            'subtitles': 'count:2'
         },
+        'params': {'listsubtitles': True},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/av8903802/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'BV13x41117TL',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '阿滴英文｜英文歌分享#6 "Closer',
+            'upload_date': '20170301',
+            'description': 'md5:3b1b9e25b78da4ef87e9b548b88ee76a',
+            'timestamp': 1488353834,
+            'uploader_id': '65880958',
+            'uploader': '阿滴英文',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+            'duration': 554.117,
+            'tags': list,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'video has chapter',
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1vL411G7N7/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'BV1vL411G7N7',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '如何为你的B站视频添加进度条分段',
+            'timestamp': 1634554558,
+            'upload_date': '20211018',
+            'description': 'md5:a9a3d6702b3a94518d419b2e9c320a6d',
+            'tags': list,
+            'uploader': '爱喝咖啡的当麻',
+            'duration': 669.482,
+            'uploader_id': '1680903',
+            'chapters': 'count:6',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': True},
     }]
 
-    @classmethod
-    def suitable(cls, url):
-        return False if BiliBiliIE.suitable(url) else super(BiliBiliBangumiIE, cls).suitable(url)
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        initial_state = self._search_json(r'window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=', webpage, 'initial state', video_id)
+        play_info = self._search_json(r'window\.__playinfo__\s*=', webpage, 'play info', video_id)['data']
+
+        video_data = initial_state['videoData']
+        video_id, title = video_data['bvid'], video_data.get('title')
+
+        # Bilibili anthologies are similar to playlists but all videos share the same video ID as the anthology itself.
+        page_list_json = traverse_obj(
+            self._download_json(
+                'https://api.bilibili.com/x/player/pagelist', video_id,
+                fatal=False, query={'bvid': video_id, 'jsonp': 'jsonp'},
+                note='Extracting videos in anthology'),
+            'data', expected_type=list) or []
+        is_anthology = len(page_list_json) > 1
+
+        part_id = int_or_none(parse_qs(url).get('p', [None])[-1])
+        if is_anthology and not part_id and self._yes_playlist(video_id, video_id):
+            return self.playlist_from_matches(
+                page_list_json, video_id, title, ie=BiliBiliIE,
+                getter=lambda entry: f'https://www.bilibili.com/video/{video_id}?p={entry["page"]}')
+
+        if is_anthology:
+            part_id = part_id or 1
+            title += f' p{part_id:02d} {traverse_obj(page_list_json, (part_id - 1, "part")) or ""}'
+
+        aid = video_data.get('aid')
+        old_video_id = format_field(aid, None, f'%s_part{part_id or 1}')
+
+        cid = traverse_obj(video_data, ('pages', part_id - 1, 'cid')) if part_id else video_data.get('cid')
+
+        return {
+            'id': f'{video_id}{format_field(part_id, None, "_p%d")}',
+            'formats': self.extract_formats(play_info),
+            '_old_archive_ids': [make_archive_id(self, old_video_id)] if old_video_id else None,
+            'title': title,
+            'description': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('videoData', 'desc')),
+            'view_count': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('videoData', 'stat', 'view')),
+            'uploader': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('upData', 'name')),
+            'uploader_id': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('upData', 'mid')),
+            'like_count': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('videoData', 'stat', 'like')),
+            'comment_count': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('videoData', 'stat', 'reply')),
+            'tags': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('tags', ..., 'tag_name')),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('videoData', 'pic')),
+            'timestamp': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('videoData', 'pubdate')),
+            'duration': float_or_none(play_info.get('timelength'), scale=1000),
+            'chapters': self._get_chapters(aid, cid),
+            'subtitles': self.extract_subtitles(video_id, aid, cid),
+            '__post_extractor': self.extract_comments(aid),
+            'http_headers': {'Referer': url},
+        }
+
+
+class BiliBiliBangumiIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'(?x)https?://www\.bilibili\.com/bangumi/play/(?P<id>(?:ss|ep)\d+)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/bangumi/play/ss897',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'ss897',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'series': '神的记事本',
+            'season': '神的记事本',
+            'season_id': 897,
+            'season_number': 1,
+            'episode': '你与旅行包',
+            'episode_number': 2,
+            'title': '神的记事本：第2话 你与旅行包',
+            'duration': 1428.487,
+            'timestamp': 1310809380,
+            'upload_date': '20110716',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/bangumi/play/ep508406',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        bangumi_id = self._match_id(url)
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
-        # Sometimes this API returns a JSONP response
-        season_info = self._download_json(
-            'http://bangumi.bilibili.com/jsonp/seasoninfo/%s.ver' % bangumi_id,
-            bangumi_id, transform_source=strip_jsonp)['result']
+        if '您所在的地区无法观看本片' in webpage:
+            raise GeoRestrictedError('This video is restricted')
+        elif ('开通大会员观看' in webpage and '__playinfo__' not in webpage
+                or '正在观看预览，大会员免费看全片' in webpage):
+            self.raise_login_required('This video is for premium members only')
 
-        entries = [{
-            '_type': 'url_transparent',
-            'url': smuggle_url(episode['webplay_url'], {'no_bangumi_tip': 1}),
-            'ie_key': BiliBiliIE.ie_key(),
-            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(episode.get('update_time'), delimiter=' '),
-            'episode': episode.get('index_title'),
-            'episode_number': int_or_none(episode.get('index')),
-        } for episode in season_info['episodes']]
+        play_info = self._search_json(r'window\.__playinfo__\s*=', webpage, 'play info', video_id)['data']
+        formats = self.extract_formats(play_info)
+        if (not formats and '成为大会员抢先看' in webpage
+                and play_info.get('durl') and not play_info.get('dash')):
+            self.raise_login_required('This video is for premium members only')
 
-        entries = sorted(entries, key=lambda entry: entry.get('episode_number'))
+        initial_state = self._search_json(r'window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=', webpage, 'initial state', video_id)
 
-        return self.playlist_result(
-            entries, bangumi_id,
-            season_info.get('bangumi_title'), season_info.get('evaluate'))
+        season_id = traverse_obj(initial_state, ('mediaInfo', 'season_id'))
+        season_number = season_id and next((
+            idx + 1 for idx, e in enumerate(
+                traverse_obj(initial_state, ('mediaInfo', 'seasons', ...)))
+            if e.get('season_id') == season_id
+        ), None)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'title': traverse_obj(initial_state, 'h1Title'),
+            'episode': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('epInfo', 'long_title')),
+            'episode_number': int_or_none(traverse_obj(initial_state, ('epInfo', 'title'))),
+            'series': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('mediaInfo', 'series')),
+            'season': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('mediaInfo', 'season_title')),
+            'season_id': season_id,
+            'season_number': season_number,
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('epInfo', 'cover')),
+            'timestamp': traverse_obj(initial_state, ('epInfo', 'pub_time')),
+            'duration': float_or_none(play_info.get('timelength'), scale=1000),
+            'subtitles': self.extract_subtitles(
+                video_id, initial_state, traverse_obj(initial_state, ('epInfo', 'cid'))),
+            '__post_extractor': self.extract_comments(traverse_obj(initial_state, ('epInfo', 'aid'))),
+            'http_headers': {'Referer': url, **self.geo_verification_headers()},
+        }
 
 
-class BilibiliChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://space.bilibili\.com/(?P<id>\d+)'
-    _API_URL = "https://api.bilibili.com/x/space/arc/search?mid=%s&pn=%d&jsonp=jsonp"
+class BiliBiliBangumiMediaIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.bilibili\.com/bangumi/media/md(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/bangumi/media/md24097891',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '24097891',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 25,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        media_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, media_id)
+
+        initial_state = self._search_json(r'window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=', webpage, 'initial_state', media_id)
+        episode_list = self._download_json(
+            'https://api.bilibili.com/pgc/web/season/section', media_id,
+            query={'season_id': initial_state['mediaInfo']['season_id']},
+            note='Downloading season info')['result']['main_section']['episodes']
+
+        return self.playlist_result((
+            self.url_result(entry['share_url'], BiliBiliBangumiIE, entry['aid'])
+            for entry in episode_list), media_id)
+
+
+class BilibiliSpaceBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    def _extract_playlist(self, fetch_page, get_metadata, get_entries):
+        first_page = fetch_page(0)
+        metadata = get_metadata(first_page)
+
+        paged_list = InAdvancePagedList(
+            lambda idx: get_entries(fetch_page(idx) if idx else first_page),
+            metadata['page_count'], metadata['page_size'])
+
+        return metadata, paged_list
+
+
+class BilibiliSpaceVideoIE(BilibiliSpaceBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://space\.bilibili\.com/(?P<id>\d+)(?P<video>/video)?/?(?:[?#]|$)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://space.bilibili.com/3985676/video',
-        'info_dict': {},
-        'playlist_mincount': 112,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3985676',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 178,
     }]
 
-    def _entries(self, list_id):
-        count, max_count = 0, None
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        playlist_id, is_video_url = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'video')
+        if not is_video_url:
+            self.to_screen('A channel URL was given. Only the channel\'s videos will be downloaded. '
+                           'To download audios, add a "/audio" to the URL')
 
-        for page_num in itertools.count(1):
-            data = self._download_json(
-                self._API_URL % (list_id, page_num), list_id, note=f'Downloading page {page_num}')['data']
+        def fetch_page(page_idx):
+            try:
+                response = self._download_json('https://api.bilibili.com/x/space/arc/search',
+                                               playlist_id, note=f'Downloading page {page_idx}',
+                                               query={'mid': playlist_id, 'pn': page_idx + 1, 'jsonp': 'jsonp'})
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                if isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 412:
+                    raise ExtractorError(
+                        'Request is blocked by server (412), please add cookies, wait and try later.', expected=True)
+                raise
+            if response['code'] == -401:
+                raise ExtractorError(
+                    'Request is blocked by server (401), please add cookies, wait and try later.', expected=True)
+            return response['data']
 
-            max_count = max_count or traverse_obj(data, ('page', 'count'))
+        def get_metadata(page_data):
+            page_size = page_data['page']['ps']
+            entry_count = page_data['page']['count']
+            return {
+                'page_count': math.ceil(entry_count / page_size),
+                'page_size': page_size,
+            }
 
-            entries = traverse_obj(data, ('list', 'vlist'))
-            if not entries:
-                return
-            for entry in entries:
-                yield self.url_result(
-                    'https://www.bilibili.com/video/%s' % entry['bvid'],
-                    BiliBiliIE.ie_key(), entry['bvid'])
+        def get_entries(page_data):
+            for entry in traverse_obj(page_data, ('list', 'vlist')) or []:
+                yield self.url_result(f'https://www.bilibili.com/video/{entry["bvid"]}', BiliBiliIE, entry['bvid'])
 
-            count += len(entries)
-            if max_count and count >= max_count:
-                return
+        metadata, paged_list = self._extract_playlist(fetch_page, get_metadata, get_entries)
+        return self.playlist_result(paged_list, playlist_id)
+
+
+class BilibiliSpaceAudioIE(BilibiliSpaceBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://space\.bilibili\.com/(?P<id>\d+)/audio'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://space.bilibili.com/3985676/audio',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3985676',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 1,
+    }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        list_id = self._match_id(url)
-        return self.playlist_result(self._entries(list_id), list_id)
+        playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        def fetch_page(page_idx):
+            return self._download_json(
+                'https://api.bilibili.com/audio/music-service/web/song/upper', playlist_id,
+                note=f'Downloading page {page_idx}',
+                query={'uid': playlist_id, 'pn': page_idx + 1, 'ps': 30, 'order': 1, 'jsonp': 'jsonp'})['data']
+
+        def get_metadata(page_data):
+            return {
+                'page_count': page_data['pageCount'],
+                'page_size': page_data['pageSize'],
+            }
+
+        def get_entries(page_data):
+            for entry in page_data.get('data', []):
+                yield self.url_result(f'https://www.bilibili.com/audio/au{entry["id"]}', BilibiliAudioIE, entry['id'])
+
+        metadata, paged_list = self._extract_playlist(fetch_page, get_metadata, get_entries)
+        return self.playlist_result(paged_list, playlist_id)
+
+
+class BilibiliSpacePlaylistIE(BilibiliSpaceBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://space.bilibili\.com/(?P<mid>\d+)/channel/collectiondetail\?sid=(?P<sid>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://space.bilibili.com/2142762/channel/collectiondetail?sid=57445',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2142762_57445',
+            'title': '《底特律 变人》'
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 31,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        mid, sid = self._match_valid_url(url).group('mid', 'sid')
+        playlist_id = f'{mid}_{sid}'
+
+        def fetch_page(page_idx):
+            return self._download_json(
+                'https://api.bilibili.com/x/polymer/space/seasons_archives_list',
+                playlist_id, note=f'Downloading page {page_idx}',
+                query={'mid': mid, 'season_id': sid, 'page_num': page_idx + 1, 'page_size': 30})['data']
+
+        def get_metadata(page_data):
+            page_size = page_data['page']['page_size']
+            entry_count = page_data['page']['total']
+            return {
+                'page_count': math.ceil(entry_count / page_size),
+                'page_size': page_size,
+                'title': traverse_obj(page_data, ('meta', 'name'))
+            }
+
+        def get_entries(page_data):
+            for entry in page_data.get('archives', []):
+                yield self.url_result(f'https://www.bilibili.com/video/{entry["bvid"]}',
+                                      BiliBiliIE, entry['bvid'])
+
+        metadata, paged_list = self._extract_playlist(fetch_page, get_metadata, get_entries)
+        return self.playlist_result(paged_list, playlist_id, metadata['title'])
 
 
 class BilibiliCategoryIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -602,8 +626,7 @@ class BilibiliCategoryIE(InfoExtractor):
             self._fetch_page, api_url, num_pages, query), size)
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        u = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
-        category, subcategory = u.path.split('/')[2:4]
+        category, subcategory = urllib.parse.urlparse(url).path.split('/')[2:4]
         query = '%s: %s' % (category, subcategory)
 
         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(category, subcategory, query), query, query)
@@ -861,38 +884,26 @@ class BiliIntlBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'filesize': aud.get('size'),
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
-    def _extract_video_info(self, video_data, *, ep_id=None, aid=None):
+    def _parse_video_metadata(self, video_data):
         return {
-            'id': ep_id or aid,
             'title': video_data.get('title_display') or video_data.get('title'),
             'thumbnail': video_data.get('cover'),
             'episode_number': int_or_none(self._search_regex(
                 r'^E(\d+)(?:$| - )', video_data.get('title_display') or '', 'episode number', default=None)),
-            'formats': self._get_formats(ep_id=ep_id, aid=aid),
-            'subtitles': self._get_subtitles(ep_id=ep_id, aid=aid),
-            'extractor_key': BiliIntlIE.ie_key(),
         }
 
     def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        try:
-            from Cryptodome.PublicKey import RSA
-            from Cryptodome.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5
-        except ImportError:
-            try:
-                from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
-                from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5
-            except ImportError:
-                raise ExtractorError('pycryptodomex not found. Please install', expected=True)
+        if not Cryptodome.RSA:
+            raise ExtractorError('pycryptodomex not found. Please install', expected=True)
 
         key_data = self._download_json(
             'https://passport.bilibili.tv/x/intl/passport-login/web/key?lang=en-US', None,
             note='Downloading login key', errnote='Unable to download login key')['data']
 
-        public_key = RSA.importKey(key_data['key'])
-        password_hash = PKCS1_v1_5.new(public_key).encrypt((key_data['hash'] + password).encode('utf-8'))
+        public_key = Cryptodome.RSA.importKey(key_data['key'])
+        password_hash = Cryptodome.PKCS1_v1_5.new(public_key).encrypt((key_data['hash'] + password).encode('utf-8'))
         login_post = self._download_json(
             'https://passport.bilibili.tv/x/intl/passport-login/web/login/password?lang=en-US', None, data=urlencode_postdata({
                 'username': username,
@@ -919,6 +930,23 @@ class BiliIntlIE(BiliIntlBaseIE):
             'title': 'E2 - The First Night',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https://pic\.bstarstatic\.com/ogv/.+\.png$',
             'episode_number': 2,
+            'upload_date': '20201009',
+            'episode': 'Episode 2',
+            'timestamp': 1602259500,
+            'description': 'md5:297b5a17155eb645e14a14b385ab547e',
+            'chapters': [{
+                'start_time': 0,
+                'end_time': 76.242,
+                'title': '<Untitled Chapter 1>'
+            }, {
+                'start_time': 76.242,
+                'end_time': 161.161,
+                'title': 'Intro'
+            }, {
+                'start_time': 1325.742,
+                'end_time': 1403.903,
+                'title': 'Outro'
+            }],
         }
     }, {
         # Non-Bstation page
@@ -929,6 +957,23 @@ class BiliIntlIE(BiliIntlBaseIE):
             'title': 'E3 - Who?',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https://pic\.bstarstatic\.com/ogv/.+\.png$',
             'episode_number': 3,
+            'description': 'md5:e1a775e71a35c43f141484715470ad09',
+            'episode': 'Episode 3',
+            'upload_date': '20211219',
+            'timestamp': 1639928700,
+            'chapters': [{
+                'start_time': 0,
+                'end_time': 88.0,
+                'title': '<Untitled Chapter 1>'
+            }, {
+                'start_time': 88.0,
+                'end_time': 156.0,
+                'title': 'Intro'
+            }, {
+                'start_time': 1173.0,
+                'end_time': 1259.535,
+                'title': 'Outro'
+            }],
         }
     }, {
         # Subtitle with empty content
@@ -941,6 +986,31 @@ class BiliIntlIE(BiliIntlBaseIE):
             'episode_number': 140,
         },
         'skip': 'According to the copyright owner\'s request, you may only watch the video after you log in.'
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.tv/en/video/2041863208',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2041863208',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'timestamp': 1670874843,
+            'description': 'Scheduled for April 2023.\nStudio: ufotable',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://pic[-\.]bstarstatic.+/ugc/.+\.jpg$',
+            'upload_date': '20221212',
+            'title': 'Kimetsu no Yaiba Season 3 Official Trailer - Bstation',
+        }
+    }, {
+        # episode id without intro and outro
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.tv/en/play/1048837/11246489',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '11246489',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'E1 - Operation \'Strix\' <Owl>',
+            'description': 'md5:b4434eb1a9a97ad2bccb779514b89f17',
+            'timestamp': 1649516400,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://pic.bstarstatic.com/ogv/62cb1de23ada17fb70fbe7bdd6ff29c29da02a64.png',
+            'episode': 'Episode 1',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'upload_date': '20220409',
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.biliintl.com/en/play/34613/341736',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -958,42 +1028,97 @@ class BiliIntlIE(BiliIntlBaseIE):
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        season_id, ep_id, aid = self._match_valid_url(url).group('season_id', 'ep_id', 'aid')
-        video_id = ep_id or aid
+    def _make_url(video_id, series_id=None):
+        if series_id:
+            return f'https://www.bilibili.tv/en/play/{series_id}/{video_id}'
+        return f'https://www.bilibili.tv/en/video/{video_id}'
+
+    def _extract_video_metadata(self, url, video_id, season_id):
+        url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
+        if smuggled_data.get('title'):
+            return smuggled_data
+
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
         # Bstation layout
         initial_data = (
             self._search_json(r'window\.__INITIAL_(?:DATA|STATE)__\s*=', webpage, 'preload state', video_id, default={})
             or self._search_nuxt_data(webpage, video_id, '__initialState', fatal=False, traverse=None))
         video_data = traverse_obj(
-            initial_data, ('OgvVideo', 'epDetail'), ('UgcVideo', 'videoData'), ('ugc', 'archive'), expected_type=dict)
+            initial_data, ('OgvVideo', 'epDetail'), ('UgcVideo', 'videoData'), ('ugc', 'archive'), expected_type=dict) or {}
 
         if season_id and not video_data:
             # Non-Bstation layout, read through episode list
             season_json = self._call_api(f'/web/v2/ogv/play/episodes?season_id={season_id}&platform=web', video_id)
-            video_data = traverse_obj(season_json,
-                                      ('sections', ..., 'episodes', lambda _, v: str(v['episode_id']) == ep_id),
-                                      expected_type=dict, get_all=False)
-        return self._extract_video_info(video_data or {}, ep_id=ep_id, aid=aid)
+            video_data = traverse_obj(season_json, (
+                'sections', ..., 'episodes', lambda _, v: str(v['episode_id']) == video_id
+            ), expected_type=dict, get_all=False)
+
+        # XXX: webpage metadata may not accurate, it just used to not crash when video_data not found
+        return merge_dicts(
+            self._parse_video_metadata(video_data), self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id), {
+                'title': self._html_search_meta('og:title', webpage),
+                'description': self._html_search_meta('og:description', webpage)
+            })
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        season_id, ep_id, aid = self._match_valid_url(url).group('season_id', 'ep_id', 'aid')
+        video_id = ep_id or aid
+        chapters = None
+
+        if ep_id:
+            intro_ending_json = self._call_api(
+                f'/web/v2/ogv/play/episode?episode_id={ep_id}&platform=web',
+                video_id, fatal=False) or {}
+            if intro_ending_json.get('skip'):
+                # FIXME: start time and end time seems a bit off a few second even it corrext based on ogv.*.js
+                # ref: https://p.bstarstatic.com/fe-static/bstar-web-new/assets/ogv.2b147442.js
+                chapters = [{
+                    'start_time': float_or_none(traverse_obj(intro_ending_json, ('skip', 'opening_start_time')), 1000),
+                    'end_time': float_or_none(traverse_obj(intro_ending_json, ('skip', 'opening_end_time')), 1000),
+                    'title': 'Intro'
+                }, {
+                    'start_time': float_or_none(traverse_obj(intro_ending_json, ('skip', 'ending_start_time')), 1000),
+                    'end_time': float_or_none(traverse_obj(intro_ending_json, ('skip', 'ending_end_time')), 1000),
+                    'title': 'Outro'
+                }]
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            **self._extract_video_metadata(url, video_id, season_id),
+            'formats': self._get_formats(ep_id=ep_id, aid=aid),
+            'subtitles': self.extract_subtitles(ep_id=ep_id, aid=aid),
+            'chapters': chapters
+        }
 
 
 class BiliIntlSeriesIE(BiliIntlBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bili(?:bili\.tv|intl\.com)/(?:[a-zA-Z]{2}/)?play/(?P<id>\d+)/?(?:[?#]|$)'
+    IE_NAME = 'biliIntl:series'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bili(?:bili\.tv|intl\.com)/(?:[a-zA-Z]{2}/)?(?:play|media)/(?P<id>\d+)/?(?:[?#]|$)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.bilibili.tv/en/play/34613',
         'playlist_mincount': 15,
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '34613',
-            'title': 'Fly Me to the Moon',
-            'description': 'md5:a861ee1c4dc0acfad85f557cc42ac627',
-            'categories': ['Romance', 'Comedy', 'Slice of life'],
+            'title': 'TONIKAWA: Over the Moon For You',
+            'description': 'md5:297b5a17155eb645e14a14b385ab547e',
+            'categories': ['Slice of life', 'Comedy', 'Romance'],
             'thumbnail': r're:^https://pic\.bstarstatic\.com/ogv/.+\.png$',
             'view_count': int,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bilibili.tv/en/media/1048837',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1048837',
+            'title': 'SPY×FAMILY',
+            'description': 'md5:b4434eb1a9a97ad2bccb779514b89f17',
+            'categories': ['Adventure', 'Action', 'Comedy'],
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https://pic\.bstarstatic\.com/ogv/.+\.jpg$',
+            'view_count': int,
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 25,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.biliintl.com/en/play/34613',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -1004,9 +1129,12 @@ class BiliIntlSeriesIE(BiliIntlBaseIE):
 
     def _entries(self, series_id):
         series_json = self._call_api(f'/web/v2/ogv/play/episodes?season_id={series_id}&platform=web', series_id)
-        for episode in traverse_obj(series_json, ('sections', ..., 'episodes', ...), expected_type=dict, default=[]):
-            episode_id = str(episode.get('episode_id'))
-            yield self._extract_video_info(episode, ep_id=episode_id)
+        for episode in traverse_obj(series_json, ('sections', ..., 'episodes', ...), expected_type=dict):
+            episode_id = str(episode['episode_id'])
+            yield self.url_result(smuggle_url(
+                BiliIntlIE._make_url(episode_id, series_id),
+                self._parse_video_metadata(episode)
+            ), BiliIntlIE, episode_id)
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         series_id = self._match_id(url)
@@ -1018,7 +1146,7 @@ class BiliIntlSeriesIE(BiliIntlBaseIE):
 
 
 class BiliLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://live.bilibili.com/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://live.bilibili.com/(?:blanc/)?(?P<id>\d+)'
 
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://live.bilibili.com/196',
@@ -1034,6 +1162,9 @@ class BiliLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://live.bilibili.com/196?broadcast_type=0&is_room_feed=1?spm_id_from=333.999.space_home.strengthen_live_card.click',
         'only_matching': True
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://live.bilibili.com/blanc/196',
+        'only_matching': True
     }]
 
     _FORMATS = {
@@ -1087,7 +1218,6 @@ class BiliLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             })
             for fmt in traverse_obj(stream_data, ('playurl_info', 'playurl', 'stream', ..., 'format', ...)) or []:
                 formats.extend(self._parse_formats(qn, fmt))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': room_id,
@@ -1096,6 +1226,7 @@ class BiliLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             'thumbnail': room_data.get('user_cover'),
             'timestamp': stream_data.get('live_time'),
             'formats': formats,
+            'is_live': True,
             'http_headers': {
                 'Referer': url,
             },
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/biqle.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/biqle.py
index 3a42344916..027753503b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/biqle.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/biqle.py
@@ -86,7 +86,6 @@ class BIQLEIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'height': int_or_none(height),
                     'ext': ext,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for k, v in item.items():
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bitchute.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bitchute.py
index c9cbb6d1db..10e7b0b2bb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bitchute.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bitchute.py
@@ -1,11 +1,20 @@
-import itertools
+import functools
 import re
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
-    GeoRestrictedError,
+    HEADRequest,
+    OnDemandPagedList,
+    clean_html,
+    get_element_by_class,
+    get_element_by_id,
+    get_elements_html_by_class,
+    int_or_none,
     orderedSet,
+    parse_count,
+    parse_duration,
+    traverse_obj,
     unified_strdate,
     urlencode_postdata,
 )
@@ -18,7 +27,7 @@ class BitChuteIE(InfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/video/UGlrF9o9b-Q/',
         'md5': '7e427d7ed7af5a75b5855705ec750e2b',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'szoMrox2JEI',
+            'id': 'UGlrF9o9b-Q',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'This is the first video on #BitChute !',
             'description': 'md5:a0337e7b1fe39e32336974af8173a034',
@@ -26,6 +35,31 @@ class BitChuteIE(InfoExtractor):
             'uploader': 'BitChute',
             'upload_date': '20170103',
         },
+    }, {
+        # video not downloadable in browser, but we can recover it
+        'url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/video/2s6B3nZjAk7R/',
+        'md5': '05c12397d5354bf24494885b08d24ed1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2s6B3nZjAk7R',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'filesize': 71537926,
+            'title': 'STYXHEXENHAMMER666 - Election Fraud, Clinton 2020, EU Armies, and Gun Control',
+            'description': 'md5:228ee93bd840a24938f536aeac9cf749',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'uploader': 'BitChute',
+            'upload_date': '20181113',
+        },
+        'params': {'check_formats': None},
+    }, {
+        # restricted video
+        'url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/video/WEnQU7XGcTdl/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'WEnQU7XGcTdl',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Impartial Truth - Ein Letzter Appell an die Vernunft',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': True},
+        'skip': 'Georestricted in DE',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/embed/lbb5G1hjPhw/',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -33,118 +67,167 @@ class BitChuteIE(InfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/torrent/Zee5BE49045h/szoMrox2JEI.webtorrent',
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
+    _GEO_BYPASS = False
+
+    _HEADERS = {
+        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.57 Safari/537.36',
+        'Referer': 'https://www.bitchute.com/',
+    }
+
+    def _check_format(self, video_url, video_id):
+        urls = orderedSet(
+            re.sub(r'(^https?://)(seed\d+)(?=\.bitchute\.com)', fr'\g<1>{host}', video_url)
+            for host in (r'\g<2>', 'seed150', 'seed151', 'seed152', 'seed153'))
+        for url in urls:
+            try:
+                response = self._request_webpage(
+                    HEADRequest(url), video_id=video_id, note=f'Checking {url}', headers=self._HEADERS)
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                self.to_screen(f'{video_id}: URL is invalid, skipping: {e.cause}')
+                continue
+            return {
+                'url': url,
+                'filesize': int_or_none(response.headers.get('Content-Length'))
+            }
+
+    def _raise_if_restricted(self, webpage):
+        page_title = clean_html(get_element_by_class('page-title', webpage)) or ''
+        if re.fullmatch(r'(?:Channel|Video) Restricted', page_title):
+            reason = clean_html(get_element_by_id('page-detail', webpage)) or page_title
+            self.raise_geo_restricted(reason)
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
-            'https://www.bitchute.com/video/%s' % video_id, video_id, headers={
-                'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.57 Safari/537.36',
-            })
+            f'https://www.bitchute.com/video/{video_id}', video_id, headers=self._HEADERS)
 
-        title = self._html_search_regex(
-            (r'<[^>]+\bid=["\']video-title[^>]+>([^<]+)', r'<title>([^<]+)'),
-            webpage, 'title', default=None) or self._html_search_meta(
-            'description', webpage, 'title',
-            default=None) or self._og_search_description(webpage)
+        self._raise_if_restricted(webpage)
+        publish_date = clean_html(get_element_by_class('video-publish-date', webpage))
+        entries = self._parse_html5_media_entries(url, webpage, video_id)
 
-        format_urls = []
-        for mobj in re.finditer(
-                r'addWebSeed\s*\(\s*(["\'])(?P<url>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1', webpage):
-            format_urls.append(mobj.group('url'))
-        format_urls.extend(re.findall(r'as=(https?://[^&"\']+)', webpage))
-
-        formats = [
-            {'url': format_url}
-            for format_url in orderedSet(format_urls)]
+        formats = []
+        for format_ in traverse_obj(entries, (0, 'formats', ...)):
+            if self.get_param('check_formats') is not False:
+                format_.update(self._check_format(format_.pop('url'), video_id) or {})
+                if 'url' not in format_:
+                    continue
+            formats.append(format_)
 
         if not formats:
-            entries = self._parse_html5_media_entries(
-                url, webpage, video_id)
-            if not entries:
-                error = self._html_search_regex(r'<h1 class="page-title">([^<]+)</h1>', webpage, 'error', default='Cannot find video')
-                if error == 'Video Unavailable':
-                    raise GeoRestrictedError(error)
-                raise ExtractorError(error, expected=True)
-            formats = entries[0]['formats']
-
-        self._check_formats(formats, video_id)
-        if not formats:
-            raise self.raise_no_formats('Video is unavailable', expected=True, video_id=video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        description = self._html_search_regex(
-            r'(?s)<div\b[^>]+\bclass=["\']full hidden[^>]+>(.+?)</div>',
-            webpage, 'description', fatal=False)
-        thumbnail = self._og_search_thumbnail(
-            webpage, default=None) or self._html_search_meta(
-            'twitter:image:src', webpage, 'thumbnail')
-        uploader = self._html_search_regex(
-            (r'(?s)<div class=["\']channel-banner.*?<p\b[^>]+\bclass=["\']name[^>]+>(.+?)</p>',
-             r'(?s)<p\b[^>]+\bclass=["\']video-author[^>]+>(.+?)</p>'),
-            webpage, 'uploader', fatal=False)
-
-        upload_date = unified_strdate(self._search_regex(
-            r'class=["\']video-publish-date[^>]+>[^<]+ at \d+:\d+ UTC on (.+?)\.',
-            webpage, 'upload date', fatal=False))
+            self.raise_no_formats(
+                'Video is unavailable. Please make sure this video is playable in the browser '
+                'before reporting this issue.', expected=True, video_id=video_id)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': description,
-            'thumbnail': thumbnail,
-            'uploader': uploader,
-            'upload_date': upload_date,
+            'title': self._html_extract_title(webpage) or self._og_search_title(webpage),
+            'description': self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None),
+            'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage),
+            'uploader': clean_html(get_element_by_class('owner', webpage)),
+            'upload_date': unified_strdate(self._search_regex(
+                r'at \d+:\d+ UTC on (.+?)\.', publish_date, 'upload date', fatal=False)),
             'formats': formats,
         }
 
 
 class BitChuteChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bitchute\.com/channel/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
-    _TEST = {
-        'url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/channel/victoriaxrave/',
-        'playlist_mincount': 185,
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bitchute\.com/(?P<type>channel|playlist)/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/channel/bitchute/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'victoriaxrave',
+            'id': 'bitchute',
+            'title': 'BitChute',
+            'description': 'md5:5329fb3866125afa9446835594a9b138',
         },
-    }
+        'playlist': [
+            {
+                'md5': '7e427d7ed7af5a75b5855705ec750e2b',
+                'info_dict': {
+                    'id': 'UGlrF9o9b-Q',
+                    'ext': 'mp4',
+                    'filesize': None,
+                    'title': 'This is the first video on #BitChute !',
+                    'description': 'md5:a0337e7b1fe39e32336974af8173a034',
+                    'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+                    'uploader': 'BitChute',
+                    'upload_date': '20170103',
+                    'duration': 16,
+                    'view_count': int,
+                },
+            }
+        ],
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+            'playlist_items': '-1',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/playlist/wV9Imujxasw9/',
+        'playlist_mincount': 20,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'wV9Imujxasw9',
+            'title': 'Bruce MacDonald and "The Light of Darkness"',
+            'description': 'md5:04913227d2714af1d36d804aa2ab6b1e',
+        }
+    }]
 
     _TOKEN = 'zyG6tQcGPE5swyAEFLqKUwMuMMuF6IO2DZ6ZDQjGfsL0e4dcTLwqkTTul05Jdve7'
+    PAGE_SIZE = 25
+    HTML_CLASS_NAMES = {
+        'channel': {
+            'container': 'channel-videos-container',
+            'title': 'channel-videos-title',
+            'description': 'channel-videos-text',
+        },
+        'playlist': {
+            'container': 'playlist-video',
+            'title': 'title',
+            'description': 'description',
+        }
 
-    def _entries(self, channel_id):
-        channel_url = 'https://www.bitchute.com/channel/%s/' % channel_id
-        offset = 0
-        for page_num in itertools.count(1):
-            data = self._download_json(
-                '%sextend/' % channel_url, channel_id,
-                'Downloading channel page %d' % page_num,
-                data=urlencode_postdata({
-                    'csrfmiddlewaretoken': self._TOKEN,
-                    'name': '',
-                    'offset': offset,
-                }), headers={
-                    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
-                    'Referer': channel_url,
-                    'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
-                    'Cookie': 'csrftoken=%s' % self._TOKEN,
-                })
-            if data.get('success') is False:
-                break
-            html = data.get('html')
-            if not html:
-                break
-            video_ids = re.findall(
-                r'class=["\']channel-videos-image-container[^>]+>\s*<a\b[^>]+\bhref=["\']/video/([^"\'/]+)',
-                html)
-            if not video_ids:
-                break
-            offset += len(video_ids)
-            for video_id in video_ids:
-                yield self.url_result(
-                    'https://www.bitchute.com/video/%s' % video_id,
-                    ie=BitChuteIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
+    }
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _make_url(playlist_id, playlist_type):
+        return f'https://www.bitchute.com/{playlist_type}/{playlist_id}/'
+
+    def _fetch_page(self, playlist_id, playlist_type, page_num):
+        playlist_url = self._make_url(playlist_id, playlist_type)
+        data = self._download_json(
+            f'{playlist_url}extend/', playlist_id, f'Downloading page {page_num}',
+            data=urlencode_postdata({
+                'csrfmiddlewaretoken': self._TOKEN,
+                'name': '',
+                'offset': page_num * self.PAGE_SIZE,
+            }), headers={
+                'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
+                'Referer': playlist_url,
+                'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
+                'Cookie': f'csrftoken={self._TOKEN}',
+            })
+        if not data.get('success'):
+            return
+        classes = self.HTML_CLASS_NAMES[playlist_type]
+        for video_html in get_elements_html_by_class(classes['container'], data.get('html')):
+            video_id = self._search_regex(
+                r'<a\s[^>]*\bhref=["\']/video/([^"\'/]+)', video_html, 'video id', default=None)
+            if not video_id:
+                continue
+            yield self.url_result(
+                f'https://www.bitchute.com/video/{video_id}', BitChuteIE, video_id, url_transparent=True,
+                title=clean_html(get_element_by_class(classes['title'], video_html)),
+                description=clean_html(get_element_by_class(classes['description'], video_html)),
+                duration=parse_duration(get_element_by_class('video-duration', video_html)),
+                view_count=parse_count(clean_html(get_element_by_class('video-views', video_html))))
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        channel_id = self._match_id(url)
+        playlist_type, playlist_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('type', 'id')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(self._make_url(playlist_id, playlist_type), playlist_id)
+
+        page_func = functools.partial(self._fetch_page, playlist_id, playlist_type)
         return self.playlist_result(
-            self._entries(channel_id), playlist_id=channel_id)
+            OnDemandPagedList(page_func, self.PAGE_SIZE), playlist_id,
+            title=self._html_extract_title(webpage, default=None),
+            description=self._html_search_meta(
+                ('description', 'og:description', 'twitter:description'), webpage, default=None),
+            playlist_count=int_or_none(self._html_search_regex(
+                r'<span>(\d+)\s+videos?</span>', webpage, 'playlist count', default=None)))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bitwave.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bitwave.py
index bd8eac1f13..a82cd263a7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bitwave.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bitwave.py
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ class BitwaveStreamIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             channel['data']['url'], username,
             'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': username,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/blerp.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/blerp.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4631ad2e97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/blerp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+import json
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import strip_or_none, traverse_obj
+
+
+class BlerpIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'blerp'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?blerp\.com/soundbites/(?P<id>[0-9a-zA-Z]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://blerp.com/soundbites/6320fe8745636cb4dd677a5a',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6320fe8745636cb4dd677a5a',
+            'title': 'Samsung Galaxy S8 Over the Horizon Ringtone 2016',
+            'uploader': 'luminousaj',
+            'uploader_id': '5fb81e51aa66ae000c395478',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'tags': ['samsung', 'galaxy', 's8', 'over the horizon', '2016', 'ringtone'],
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://blerp.com/soundbites/5bc94ef4796001000498429f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5bc94ef4796001000498429f',
+            'title': 'Yee',
+            'uploader': '179617322678353920',
+            'uploader_id': '5ba99cf71386730004552c42',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'tags': ['YEE', 'YEET', 'wo ha haah catchy tune yee', 'yee']
+        }
+    }]
+
+    _GRAPHQL_OPERATIONNAME = "webBitePageGetBite"
+    _GRAPHQL_QUERY = (
+        '''query webBitePageGetBite($_id: MongoID!) {
+            web {
+                biteById(_id: $_id) {
+                    ...bitePageFrag
+                    __typename
+                }
+                __typename
+            }
+        }
+
+        fragment bitePageFrag on Bite {
+            _id
+            title
+            userKeywords
+            keywords
+            color
+            visibility
+            isPremium
+            owned
+            price
+            extraReview
+            isAudioExists
+            image {
+                filename
+                original {
+                    url
+                    __typename
+                }
+                __typename
+            }
+            userReactions {
+                _id
+                reactions
+                createdAt
+                __typename
+            }
+            topReactions
+            totalSaveCount
+            saved
+            blerpLibraryType
+            license
+            licenseMetaData
+            playCount
+            totalShareCount
+            totalFavoriteCount
+            totalAddedToBoardCount
+            userCategory
+            userAudioQuality
+            audioCreationState
+            transcription
+            userTranscription
+            description
+            createdAt
+            updatedAt
+            author
+            listingType
+            ownerObject {
+                _id
+                username
+                profileImage {
+                    filename
+                    original {
+                        url
+                        __typename
+                    }
+                    __typename
+                }
+                __typename
+            }
+            transcription
+            favorited
+            visibility
+            isCurated
+            sourceUrl
+            audienceRating
+            strictAudienceRating
+            ownerId
+            reportObject {
+                reportedContentStatus
+                __typename
+            }
+            giphy {
+                mp4
+                gif
+                __typename
+            }
+            audio {
+                filename
+                original {
+                    url
+                    __typename
+                }
+                mp3 {
+                    url
+                    __typename
+                }
+                __typename
+            }
+            __typename
+        }
+
+        ''')
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        audio_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        data = {
+            'operationName': self._GRAPHQL_OPERATIONNAME,
+            'query': self._GRAPHQL_QUERY,
+            'variables': {
+                '_id': audio_id
+            }
+        }
+
+        headers = {
+            'Content-Type': 'application/json'
+        }
+
+        json_result = self._download_json('https://api.blerp.com/graphql',
+                                          audio_id, data=json.dumps(data).encode('utf-8'), headers=headers)
+
+        bite_json = json_result['data']['web']['biteById']
+
+        info_dict = {
+            'id': bite_json['_id'],
+            'url': bite_json['audio']['mp3']['url'],
+            'title': bite_json['title'],
+            'uploader': traverse_obj(bite_json, ('ownerObject', 'username'), expected_type=strip_or_none),
+            'uploader_id': traverse_obj(bite_json, ('ownerObject', '_id'), expected_type=strip_or_none),
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'tags': list(filter(None, map(strip_or_none, (traverse_obj(bite_json, 'userKeywords', expected_type=list) or []))) or None)
+        }
+
+        return info_dict
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bloomberg.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bloomberg.py
index c842c342ca..792155e51a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bloomberg.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bloomberg.py
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ class BloombergIE(InfoExtractor):
             else:
                 formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(
                     stream_url, video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bokecc.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bokecc.py
index 0c081750e4..ca326f25fa 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bokecc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bokecc.py
@@ -21,8 +21,6 @@ class BokeCCBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'quality': int(quality.attrib['value']),
         } for quality in info_xml.findall('./video/quality')]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return formats
 
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bongacams.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bongacams.py
index cbef0fc53a..bf955668df 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bongacams.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bongacams.py
@@ -8,13 +8,28 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 
 class BongaCamsIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?P<host>(?:[^/]+\.)?bongacams\d*\.com)/(?P<id>[^/?&#]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?P<host>(?:[^/]+\.)?bongacams\d*\.(?:com|net))/(?P<id>[^/?&#]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://de.bongacams.com/azumi-8',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://cn.bongacams.com/azumi-8',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://de.bongacams.net/claireashton',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'claireashton',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': r're:ClaireAshton \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}',
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'uploader_id': 'ClaireAshton',
+            'uploader': 'ClaireAshton',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'is_live': True,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -42,7 +57,6 @@ class BongaCamsIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             '%s/hls/stream_%s/playlist.m3u8' % (server_url, uploader_id),
             channel_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', live=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': channel_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/booyah.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/booyah.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5c55f2c765
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/booyah.py
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import int_or_none, str_or_none, traverse_obj
+
+
+class BooyahBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _BOOYAH_SESSION_KEY = None
+
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        BooyahBaseIE._BOOYAH_SESSION_KEY = self._request_webpage(
+            'https://booyah.live/api/v3/auths/sessions', None, data=b'').getheader('booyah-session-key')
+
+    def _get_comments(self, video_id):
+        comment_json = self._download_json(
+            f'https://booyah.live/api/v3/playbacks/{video_id}/comments/tops', video_id,
+            headers={'Booyah-Session-Key': self._BOOYAH_SESSION_KEY}, fatal=False) or {}
+
+        return [{
+            'id': comment.get('comment_id'),
+            'author': comment.get('from_nickname'),
+            'author_id': comment.get('from_uid'),
+            'author_thumbnail': comment.get('from_thumbnail'),
+            'text': comment.get('content'),
+            'timestamp': comment.get('create_time'),
+            'like_count': comment.get('like_cnt'),
+        } for comment in comment_json.get('comment_list') or ()]
+
+
+class BooyahClipsIE(BooyahBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://booyah.live/clips/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://booyah.live/clips/13887261322952306617',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '13887261322952306617',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'duration': 30,
+            'channel_id': 90565760,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'title': 'Cayendo con estilo 😎',
+            'uploader': '♡LɪꜱGΛ​MER​',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'uploader_id': '90565760',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://resmambet-a.akamaihd.net/mambet-storage/Clip/90565760/90565760-27204374-fba0-409d-9d7b-63a48b5c0e75.jpg',
+            'upload_date': '20220617',
+            'timestamp': 1655490556,
+            'modified_timestamp': 1655490556,
+            'modified_date': '20220617',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        json_data = self._download_json(
+            f'https://booyah.live/api/v3/playbacks/{video_id}', video_id,
+            headers={'Booyah-Session-key': self._BOOYAH_SESSION_KEY})
+
+        formats = []
+        for video_data in json_data['playback']['endpoint_list']:
+            formats.extend(({
+                'url': video_data.get('stream_url'),
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'height': video_data.get('resolution'),
+            }, {
+                'url': video_data.get('download_url'),
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'format_note': 'Watermarked',
+                'height': video_data.get('resolution'),
+                'preference': -10,
+            }))
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': traverse_obj(json_data, ('playback', 'name')),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(json_data, ('playback', 'thumbnail_url')),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'view_count': traverse_obj(json_data, ('playback', 'views')),
+            'like_count': traverse_obj(json_data, ('playback', 'likes')),
+            'duration': traverse_obj(json_data, ('playback', 'duration')),
+            'comment_count': traverse_obj(json_data, ('playback', 'comment_cnt')),
+            'channel_id': traverse_obj(json_data, ('playback', 'channel_id')),
+            'uploader': traverse_obj(json_data, ('user', 'nickname')),
+            'uploader_id': str_or_none(traverse_obj(json_data, ('user', 'uid'))),
+            'modified_timestamp': int_or_none(traverse_obj(json_data, ('playback', 'update_time_ms')), 1000),
+            'timestamp': int_or_none(traverse_obj(json_data, ('playback', 'create_time_ms')), 1000),
+            '__post_extractor': self.extract_comments(video_id, self._get_comments(video_id)),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/box.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/box.py
index 5842de88a8..8ab149626b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/box.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/box.py
@@ -79,8 +79,6 @@ class BoxIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': update_url_query(authenticated_download_url, query),
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         creator = f.get('created_by') or {}
 
         return {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/boxcast.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/boxcast.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51f9eb7873
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/boxcast.py
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    js_to_json,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unified_timestamp
+)
+
+
+class BoxCastVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
+        https?://boxcast\.tv/(?:
+            view-embed/|
+            channel/\w+\?(?:[^#]+&)?b=|
+            video-portal/(?:\w+/){2}
+        )(?P<id>[\w-]+)'''
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe[^>]+src=["\'](?P<url>https?://boxcast\.tv/view-embed/[\w-]+)']
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://boxcast.tv/view-embed/in-the-midst-of-darkness-light-prevails-an-interdisciplinary-symposium-ozmq5eclj50ujl4bmpwx',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'da1eqqgkacngd5djlqld',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://uploads\.boxcast\.com/(?:[\w+-]+/){3}.+\.png$',
+            'title': 'In the Midst of Darkness Light Prevails: An Interdisciplinary Symposium',
+            'release_timestamp': 1670686812,
+            'release_date': '20221210',
+            'uploader_id': 're8w0v8hohhvpqtbskpe',
+            'uploader': 'Children\'s Health Defense',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://boxcast.tv/video-portal/vctwevwntun3o0ikq7af/rvyblnn0fxbfjx5nwxhl/otbpltj2kzkveo2qz3ad',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'otbpltj2kzkveo2qz3ad',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'uploader_id': 'vctwevwntun3o0ikq7af',
+            'uploader': 'Legacy Christian Church',
+            'title': 'The Quest | 1: Beginner\'s Bay | Jamie Schools',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://uploads.boxcast.com/(?:[\w-]+/){3}.+\.jpg'
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://boxcast.tv/channel/z03fqwaeaby5lnaawox2?b=ssihlw5gvfij2by8tkev',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'ssihlw5gvfij2by8tkev',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://uploads.boxcast.com/(?:[\w-]+/){3}.+\.jpg$',
+            'release_date': '20230101',
+            'uploader_id': 'ds25vaazhlu4ygcvffid',
+            'release_timestamp': 1672543201,
+            'uploader': 'Lighthouse Ministries International  - Beltsville, Maryland',
+            'description': 'md5:ac23e3d01b0b0be592e8f7fe0ec3a340',
+            'title': 'New Year\'s Eve CROSSOVER Service at LHMI | December 31, 2022',
+        }
+    }]
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://childrenshealthdefense.eu/live-stream/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'da1eqqgkacngd5djlqld',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://uploads\.boxcast\.com/(?:[\w+-]+/){3}.+\.png$',
+            'title': 'In the Midst of Darkness Light Prevails: An Interdisciplinary Symposium',
+            'release_timestamp': 1670686812,
+            'release_date': '20221210',
+            'uploader_id': 're8w0v8hohhvpqtbskpe',
+            'uploader': 'Children\'s Health Defense',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        webpage_json_data = self._search_json(
+            r'var\s*BOXCAST_PRELOAD\s*=', webpage, 'broadcast data', display_id,
+            transform_source=js_to_json, default={})
+
+        # Ref: https://support.boxcast.com/en/articles/4235158-build-a-custom-viewer-experience-with-boxcast-api
+        broadcast_json_data = (
+            traverse_obj(webpage_json_data, ('broadcast', 'data'))
+            or self._download_json(f'https://api.boxcast.com/broadcasts/{display_id}', display_id))
+        view_json_data = (
+            traverse_obj(webpage_json_data, ('view', 'data'))
+            or self._download_json(f'https://api.boxcast.com/broadcasts/{display_id}/view',
+                                   display_id, fatal=False) or {})
+
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+        if view_json_data.get('status') == 'recorded':
+            formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                view_json_data['playlist'], display_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': str(broadcast_json_data['id']),
+            'title': (broadcast_json_data.get('name')
+                      or self._html_search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title'], webpage)),
+            'description': (broadcast_json_data.get('description')
+                            or self._html_search_meta(['og:description', 'twitter:description'], webpage)
+                            or None),
+            'thumbnail': (broadcast_json_data.get('preview')
+                          or self._html_search_meta(['og:image', 'twitter:image'], webpage)),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'release_timestamp': unified_timestamp(broadcast_json_data.get('streamed_at')),
+            'uploader': broadcast_json_data.get('account_name'),
+            'uploader_id': broadcast_json_data.get('account_id'),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bpb.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bpb.py
index 388f1f94fb..f28e581b87 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bpb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bpb.py
@@ -48,8 +48,6 @@ class BpbIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': '%s-%s' % (quality, determine_ext(video_url)),
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/br.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/br.py
index faac442e89..309452d23e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/br.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/br.py
@@ -157,7 +157,6 @@ class BRIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'format_id': 'rtmp-%s' % asset_type,
                     })
                     formats.append(rtmp_format_info)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
     def _extract_thumbnails(self, variants, base_url):
@@ -272,7 +271,6 @@ class BRMediathekIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'tbr': tbr,
                     'filesize': int_or_none(node.get('fileSize')),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for edge in clip.get('captionFiles', {}).get('edges', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/breakcom.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/breakcom.py
index 51c8c822fa..00cf308c7a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/breakcom.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/breakcom.py
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ class BreakIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': 'http-%d' % bitrate if bitrate else 'http',
                 'tbr': bitrate,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._search_regex(
             (r'title["\']\s*:\s*(["\'])(?P<value>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/breitbart.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/breitbart.py
index a2b04fccee..ea0a59c866 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/breitbart.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/breitbart.py
@@ -24,11 +24,9 @@ class BreitBartIE(InfoExtractor):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(f'https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/{video_id}.m3u8', video_id, ext='mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': (self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None)
-                      or self._html_extract_title(webpage, 'video title')),
+            'title': self._generic_title('', webpage),
             'description': self._og_search_description(webpage),
             'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage),
             'age_limit': self._rta_search(webpage),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/brightcove.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/brightcove.py
index 99a216fb49..2b7ddcae8d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/brightcove.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/brightcove.py
@@ -145,6 +145,159 @@ class BrightcoveLegacyIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
     ]
 
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        # embedded brightcove video
+        # it also tests brightcove videos that need to set the 'Referer'
+        # in the http requests
+        'url': 'http://www.bfmtv.com/video/bfmbusiness/cours-bourse/cours-bourse-l-analyse-technique-154522/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2765128793001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Le cours de bourse : l’analyse technique',
+            'description': 'md5:7e9ad046e968cb2d1114004aba466fd9',
+            'uploader': 'BFM BUSINESS',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+        'skip': '404 Not Found',
+    }, {
+        # embedded with itemprop embedURL and video id spelled as `idVideo`
+        'url': 'http://bfmbusiness.bfmtv.com/mediaplayer/chroniques/olivier-delamarche/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5255628253001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'md5:37c519b1128915607601e75a87995fc0',
+            'description': 'md5:37f7f888b434bb8f8cc8dbd4f7a4cf26',
+            'uploader': 'BFM BUSINESS',
+            'uploader_id': '876450612001',
+            'timestamp': 1482255315,
+            'upload_date': '20161220',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+        'skip': 'Redirects, page gone',
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/2253
+        'url': 'http://bcove.me/i6nfkrc3',
+        'md5': '0ba9446db037002366bab3b3eb30c88c',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3101154703001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Still no power',
+            'uploader': 'thestar.com',
+            'description': 'Mississauga resident David Farmer is still out of power as a result of the ice storm a month ago. To keep the house warm, Farmer cuts wood from his property for a wood burning stove downstairs.',
+        },
+        'skip': 'video gone',
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/3541
+        'url': 'http://www.kijk.nl/sbs6/leermijvrouwenkennen/videos/jqMiXKAYan2S/aflevering-1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3866516442001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Leer mij vrouwen kennen: Aflevering 1',
+            'description': 'Leer mij vrouwen kennen: Aflevering 1',
+            'uploader': 'SBS Broadcasting',
+        },
+        'skip': 'Restricted to Netherlands, 404 Not Found',
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,  # m3u8 download
+        },
+    }, {
+        # Brightcove video in <iframe>
+        'url': 'http://www.un.org/chinese/News/story.asp?NewsID=27724',
+        'md5': '36d74ef5e37c8b4a2ce92880d208b968',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5360463607001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '叙利亚失明儿童在废墟上演唱《心跳》  呼吁获得正常童年生活',
+            'description': '联合国儿童基金会中东和北非区域大使、作曲家扎德·迪拉尼（Zade Dirani）在3月15日叙利亚冲突爆发7周年纪念日之际发布了为叙利亚谱写的歌曲《心跳》（HEARTBEAT），为受到六年冲突影响的叙利亚儿童发出强烈呐喊，呼吁世界做出共同努力，使叙利亚儿童重新获得享有正常童年生活的权利。',
+            'uploader': 'United Nations',
+            'uploader_id': '1362235914001',
+            'timestamp': 1489593889,
+            'upload_date': '20170315',
+        },
+        'skip': '404 Not Found',
+    }, {
+        # Brightcove with UUID in videoPlayer
+        'url': 'http://www8.hp.com/cn/zh/home.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5255815316001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Sprocket Video - China',
+            'description': 'Sprocket Video - China',
+            'uploader': 'HP-Video Gallery',
+            'timestamp': 1482263210,
+            'upload_date': '20161220',
+            'uploader_id': '1107601872001',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,  # m3u8 download
+        },
+        'skip': 'video rotates...weekly?',
+    }, {
+        # Multiple brightcove videos
+        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/2283
+        'url': 'http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2014/01/always-never-nuclear-command-and-control.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'always-never',
+            'title': 'Always / Never - The New Yorker',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 3,
+        'params': {
+            'extract_flat': False,
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+        'skip': 'Redirects, page gone',
+    }, {
+        # BrightcoveInPageEmbed embed
+        'url': 'http://www.geekandsundry.com/tabletop-bonus-wils-final-thoughts-on-dread/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '4238694884001',
+            'ext': 'flv',
+            'title': 'Tabletop: Dread, Last Thoughts',
+            'description': 'Tabletop: Dread, Last Thoughts',
+            'duration': 51690,
+        },
+        'skip': 'Redirects, page gone',
+    }, {
+        # Brightcove embed, with no valid 'renditions' but valid 'IOSRenditions'
+        # This video can't be played in browsers if Flash disabled and UA set to iPhone, which is actually a false alarm
+        'url': 'https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/29092637/interview.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '4785848093001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'The Cardinal Pell Interview',
+            'description': 'Sky News Contributor Andrew Bolt interviews George Pell in Rome, following the Cardinal\'s evidence before the Royal Commission into Child Abuse. ',
+            'uploader': 'GlobeCast Australia - GlobeStream',
+            'uploader_id': '2733773828001',
+            'upload_date': '20160304',
+            'timestamp': 1457083087,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            # m3u8 downloads
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+        'skip': '404 Not Found',
+    }, {
+        # Brightcove embed with whitespace around attribute names
+        'url': 'http://www.stack.com/video/3167554373001/learn-to-hit-open-three-pointers-with-damian-lillard-s-baseline-drift-drill',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3167554373001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': "Learn to Hit Open Three-Pointers With Damian Lillard's Baseline Drift Drill",
+            'description': 'md5:57bacb0e0f29349de4972bfda3191713',
+            'uploader_id': '1079349493',
+            'upload_date': '20140207',
+            'timestamp': 1391810548,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+        'skip': '410 Gone',
+    }]
+
     @classmethod
     def _build_brightcove_url(cls, object_str):
         """
@@ -281,6 +434,11 @@ class BrightcoveLegacyIE(InfoExtractor):
         return [src for _, src in re.findall(
             r'<iframe[^>]+src=([\'"])((?:https?:)?//link\.brightcove\.com/services/player/(?!\1).+)\1', webpage)]
 
+    def _extract_from_webpage(self, url, webpage):
+        bc_urls = self._extract_brightcove_urls(webpage)
+        for bc_url in bc_urls:
+            yield self.url_result(smuggle_url(bc_url, {'Referer': url}), BrightcoveLegacyIE)
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
 
@@ -336,136 +494,7 @@ class BrightcoveLegacyIE(InfoExtractor):
         raise UnsupportedError(url)
 
 
-class BrightcoveNewIE(AdobePassIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'brightcove:new'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://players\.brightcove\.net/(?P<account_id>\d+)/(?P<player_id>[^/]+)_(?P<embed>[^/]+)/index\.html\?.*(?P<content_type>video|playlist)Id=(?P<video_id>\d+|ref:[^&]+)'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/929656772001/e41d32dc-ec74-459e-a845-6c69f7b724ea_default/index.html?videoId=4463358922001',
-        'md5': 'c8100925723840d4b0d243f7025703be',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '4463358922001',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Meet the man behind Popcorn Time',
-            'description': 'md5:eac376a4fe366edc70279bfb681aea16',
-            'duration': 165.768,
-            'timestamp': 1441391203,
-            'upload_date': '20150904',
-            'uploader_id': '929656772001',
-            'formats': 'mincount:20',
-        },
-    }, {
-        # with rtmp streams
-        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/4036320279001/5d112ed9-283f-485f-a7f9-33f42e8bc042_default/index.html?videoId=4279049078001',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '4279049078001',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Titansgrave: Chapter 0',
-            'description': 'Titansgrave: Chapter 0',
-            'duration': 1242.058,
-            'timestamp': 1433556729,
-            'upload_date': '20150606',
-            'uploader_id': '4036320279001',
-            'formats': 'mincount:39',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            # m3u8 download
-            'skip_download': True,
-        }
-    }, {
-        # playlist stream
-        'url': 'https://players.brightcove.net/1752604059001/S13cJdUBz_default/index.html?playlistId=5718313430001',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '5718313430001',
-            'title': 'No Audio Playlist',
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 7,
-        'params': {
-            # m3u8 download
-            'skip_download': True,
-        }
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/5690807595001/HyZNerRl7_default/index.html?playlistId=5743160747001',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        # ref: prefixed video id
-        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/3910869709001/21519b5c-4b3b-4363-accb-bdc8f358f823_default/index.html?videoId=ref:7069442',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        # non numeric ref: prefixed video id
-        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/710858724001/default_default/index.html?videoId=ref:event-stream-356',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        # unavailable video without message but with error_code
-        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/1305187701/c832abfb-641b-44eb-9da0-2fe76786505f_default/index.html?videoId=4377407326001',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }]
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _extract_url(ie, webpage):
-        urls = BrightcoveNewIE._extract_brightcove_urls(ie, webpage)
-        return urls[0] if urls else None
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _extract_brightcove_urls(ie, webpage):
-        # Reference:
-        # 1. http://docs.brightcove.com/en/video-cloud/brightcove-player/guides/publish-video.html#setvideoiniframe
-        # 2. http://docs.brightcove.com/en/video-cloud/brightcove-player/guides/publish-video.html#tag
-        # 3. http://docs.brightcove.com/en/video-cloud/brightcove-player/guides/publish-video.html#setvideousingjavascript
-        # 4. http://docs.brightcove.com/en/video-cloud/brightcove-player/guides/in-page-embed-player-implementation.html
-        # 5. https://support.brightcove.com/en/video-cloud/docs/dynamically-assigning-videos-player
-
-        entries = []
-
-        # Look for iframe embeds [1]
-        for _, url in re.findall(
-                r'<iframe[^>]+src=(["\'])((?:https?:)?//players\.brightcove\.net/\d+/[^/]+/index\.html.+?)\1', webpage):
-            entries.append(url if url.startswith('http') else 'http:' + url)
-
-        # Look for <video> tags [2] and embed_in_page embeds [3]
-        # [2] looks like:
-        for video, script_tag, account_id, player_id, embed in re.findall(
-                r'''(?isx)
-                    (<video(?:-js)?\s+[^>]*\bdata-video-id\s*=\s*['"]?[^>]+>)
-                    (?:.*?
-                        (<script[^>]+
-                            src=["\'](?:https?:)?//players\.brightcove\.net/
-                            (\d+)/([^/]+)_([^/]+)/index(?:\.min)?\.js
-                        )
-                    )?
-                ''', webpage):
-            attrs = extract_attributes(video)
-
-            # According to examples from [4] it's unclear whether video id
-            # may be optional and what to do when it is
-            video_id = attrs.get('data-video-id')
-            if not video_id:
-                continue
-
-            account_id = account_id or attrs.get('data-account')
-            if not account_id:
-                continue
-
-            player_id = player_id or attrs.get('data-player') or 'default'
-            embed = embed or attrs.get('data-embed') or 'default'
-
-            bc_url = 'http://players.brightcove.net/%s/%s_%s/index.html?videoId=%s' % (
-                account_id, player_id, embed, video_id)
-
-            # Some brightcove videos may be embedded with video tag only and
-            # without script tag or any mentioning of brightcove at all. Such
-            # embeds are considered ambiguous since they are matched based only
-            # on data-video-id and data-account attributes and in the wild may
-            # not be brightcove embeds at all. Let's check reconstructed
-            # brightcove URLs in case of such embeds and only process valid
-            # ones. By this we ensure there is indeed a brightcove embed.
-            if not script_tag and not ie._is_valid_url(
-                    bc_url, video_id, 'possible brightcove video'):
-                continue
-
-            entries.append(bc_url)
-
-        return entries
-
+class BrightcoveNewBaseIE(AdobePassIE):
     def _parse_brightcove_metadata(self, json_data, video_id, headers={}):
         title = json_data['name'].strip()
 
@@ -546,8 +575,6 @@ class BrightcoveNewIE(AdobePassIE):
                 self.raise_no_formats(
                     error.get('message') or error.get('error_subcode') or error['error_code'], expected=True)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         for f in formats:
             f.setdefault('http_headers', {}).update(headers)
 
@@ -590,6 +617,244 @@ class BrightcoveNewIE(AdobePassIE):
             'is_live': is_live,
         }
 
+
+class BrightcoveNewIE(BrightcoveNewBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'brightcove:new'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://players\.brightcove\.net/(?P<account_id>\d+)/(?P<player_id>[^/]+)_(?P<embed>[^/]+)/index\.html\?.*(?P<content_type>video|playlist)Id=(?P<video_id>\d+|ref:[^&]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/929656772001/e41d32dc-ec74-459e-a845-6c69f7b724ea_default/index.html?videoId=4463358922001',
+        'md5': 'c8100925723840d4b0d243f7025703be',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '4463358922001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Meet the man behind Popcorn Time',
+            'description': 'md5:eac376a4fe366edc70279bfb681aea16',
+            'duration': 165.768,
+            'timestamp': 1441391203,
+            'upload_date': '20150904',
+            'uploader_id': '929656772001',
+            'formats': 'mincount:20',
+        },
+        'skip': '404 Not Found',
+    }, {
+        # with rtmp streams
+        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/4036320279001/5d112ed9-283f-485f-a7f9-33f42e8bc042_default/index.html?videoId=4279049078001',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '4279049078001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Titansgrave: Chapter 0',
+            'description': 'Titansgrave: Chapter 0',
+            'duration': 1242.058,
+            'timestamp': 1433556729,
+            'upload_date': '20150606',
+            'uploader_id': '4036320279001',
+            'formats': 'mincount:39',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            # m3u8 download
+            'skip_download': True,
+        }
+    }, {
+        # playlist stream
+        'url': 'https://players.brightcove.net/1752604059001/S13cJdUBz_default/index.html?playlistId=5718313430001',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5718313430001',
+            'title': 'No Audio Playlist',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 7,
+        'params': {
+            # m3u8 download
+            'skip_download': True,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/5690807595001/HyZNerRl7_default/index.html?playlistId=5743160747001',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # ref: prefixed video id
+        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/3910869709001/21519b5c-4b3b-4363-accb-bdc8f358f823_default/index.html?videoId=ref:7069442',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # non numeric ref: prefixed video id
+        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/710858724001/default_default/index.html?videoId=ref:event-stream-356',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # unavailable video without message but with error_code
+        'url': 'http://players.brightcove.net/1305187701/c832abfb-641b-44eb-9da0-2fe76786505f_default/index.html?videoId=4377407326001',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        # brightcove player url embed
+        'url': 'https://nbc-2.com/weather/forecast/2022/11/16/forecast-warmest-day-of-the-week/',
+        'md5': '2934d5372b354d27083ccf8575dbfee2',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6315650313112',
+            'title': 'First Alert Forecast: November 15, 2022',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'tags': ['nbc2', 'forecast'],
+            'uploader_id': '6146886170001',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'timestamp': 1668574571,
+            'duration': 233.375,
+            'upload_date': '20221116',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # embedded with video tag only
+        'url': 'https://www.gooddishtv.com/tiktok-rapping-chef-mr-pyrex',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'tiktok-rapping-chef-mr-pyrex',
+            'title': 'TikTok\'s Rapping Chef Makes Jambalaya for the Hosts',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'description': 'Just in time for Mardi Gras',
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '6299189544001',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'TGD_01-032_5',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+                'tags': [],
+                'timestamp': 1646078943,
+                'uploader_id': '1569565978001',
+                'upload_date': '20220228',
+                'duration': 217.195,
+            },
+        }, {
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '6305565995112',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'TGD 01-087 (Airs 05.25.22)_Segment 5',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+                'tags': [],
+                'timestamp': 1651604591,
+                'uploader_id': '1569565978001',
+                'upload_date': '20220503',
+                'duration': 310.421,
+            },
+        }],
+    }, {
+        # Brightcove:new type [2].
+        'url': 'http://www.delawaresportszone.com/video-st-thomas-more-earns-first-trip-to-basketball-semis',
+        'md5': '2b35148fcf48da41c9fb4591650784f3',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5348741021001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'upload_date': '20170306',
+            'uploader_id': '4191638492001',
+            'timestamp': 1488769918,
+            'title': 'VIDEO:  St. Thomas More earns first trip to basketball semis',
+        },
+        'skip': '404 Not Found',
+    }, {
+        # Alternative brightcove <video> attributes
+        'url': 'http://www.programme-tv.net/videos/extraits/81095-guillaume-canet-evoque-les-rumeurs-d-infidelite-de-marion-cotillard-avec-brad-pitt-dans-vivement-dimanche/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '81095-guillaume-canet-evoque-les-rumeurs-d-infidelite-de-marion-cotillard-avec-brad-pitt-dans-vivement-dimanche',
+            'title': "Guillaume Canet évoque les rumeurs d'infidélité de Marion Cotillard avec Brad Pitt dans Vivement Dimanche, Extraits : toutes les vidéos avec Télé-Loisirs",
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'md5': '732d22ba3d33f2f3fc253c39f8f36523',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '5311302538001',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': "Guillaume Canet évoque les rumeurs d'infidélité de Marion Cotillard avec Brad Pitt dans Vivement Dimanche",
+                'description': "Guillaume Canet évoque les rumeurs d'infidélité de Marion Cotillard avec Brad Pitt dans Vivement Dimanche (France 2, 5 février 2017)",
+                'timestamp': 1486321708,
+                'upload_date': '20170205',
+                'uploader_id': '800000640001',
+            },
+            'only_matching': True,
+        }],
+        'skip': '404 Not Found',
+    }, {
+        # Brightcove URL in single quotes
+        'url': 'http://www.sportsnet.ca/baseball/mlb/sn-presents-russell-martin-world-citizen/',
+        'md5': '4ae374f1f8b91c889c4b9203c8c752af',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '4255764656001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'SN Presents: Russell Martin, World Citizen',
+            'description': 'To understand why he was the Toronto Blue Jays’ top off-season priority is to appreciate his background and upbringing in Montreal, where he first developed his baseball skills. Written and narrated by Stephen Brunt.',
+            'uploader': 'Rogers Sportsnet',
+            'uploader_id': '1704050871',
+            'upload_date': '20150525',
+            'timestamp': 1432570283,
+        },
+        'skip': 'Page no longer has URL, now has javascript',
+    }]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_url(ie, webpage):
+        urls = BrightcoveNewIE._extract_brightcove_urls(ie, webpage)
+        return urls[0] if urls else None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_brightcove_urls(ie, webpage):
+        # Reference:
+        # 1. http://docs.brightcove.com/en/video-cloud/brightcove-player/guides/publish-video.html#setvideoiniframe
+        # 2. http://docs.brightcove.com/en/video-cloud/brightcove-player/guides/publish-video.html#tag
+        # 3. http://docs.brightcove.com/en/video-cloud/brightcove-player/guides/publish-video.html#setvideousingjavascript
+        # 4. http://docs.brightcove.com/en/video-cloud/brightcove-player/guides/in-page-embed-player-implementation.html
+        # 5. https://support.brightcove.com/en/video-cloud/docs/dynamically-assigning-videos-player
+
+        entries = []
+
+        # Look for iframe embeds [1]
+        for _, url in re.findall(
+                r'<iframe[^>]+src=(["\'])((?:https?:)?//players\.brightcove\.net/\d+/[^/]+/index\.html.+?)\1', webpage):
+            entries.append(url if url.startswith('http') else 'http:' + url)
+
+        # Look for <video> tags [2] and embed_in_page embeds [3]
+        # [2] looks like:
+        for video, script_tag, account_id, player_id, embed in re.findall(
+                r'''(?isx)
+                    (<video(?:-js)?\s+[^>]*\bdata-video-id\s*=\s*['"]?[^>]+>)
+                    (?:.*?
+                        (<script[^>]+
+                            src=["\'](?:https?:)?//players\.brightcove\.net/
+                            (\d+)/([^/]+)_([^/]+)/index(?:\.min)?\.js
+                        )
+                    )?
+                ''', webpage):
+            attrs = extract_attributes(video)
+
+            # According to examples from [4] it's unclear whether video id
+            # may be optional and what to do when it is
+            video_id = attrs.get('data-video-id')
+            if not video_id:
+                continue
+
+            account_id = account_id or attrs.get('data-account')
+            if not account_id:
+                continue
+
+            player_id = player_id or attrs.get('data-player') or 'default'
+            embed = embed or attrs.get('data-embed') or 'default'
+
+            bc_url = 'http://players.brightcove.net/%s/%s_%s/index.html?videoId=%s' % (
+                account_id, player_id, embed, video_id)
+
+            # Some brightcove videos may be embedded with video tag only and
+            # without script tag or any mentioning of brightcove at all. Such
+            # embeds are considered ambiguous since they are matched based only
+            # on data-video-id and data-account attributes and in the wild may
+            # not be brightcove embeds at all. Let's check reconstructed
+            # brightcove URLs in case of such embeds and only process valid
+            # ones. By this we ensure there is indeed a brightcove embed.
+            if not script_tag and not ie._is_valid_url(
+                    bc_url, video_id, 'possible brightcove video'):
+                continue
+
+            entries.append(bc_url)
+
+        return entries
+
+    def _extract_from_webpage(self, url, webpage):
+        bc_urls = self._extract_brightcove_urls(self, webpage)
+        for bc_url in bc_urls:
+            yield self.url_result(smuggle_url(bc_url, {'referrer': url}), BrightcoveNewIE)
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
         self._initialize_geo_bypass({
@@ -632,7 +897,7 @@ class BrightcoveNewIE(AdobePassIE):
 
         api_url = 'https://edge.api.brightcove.com/playback/v1/accounts/%s/%ss/%s' % (account_id, content_type, video_id)
         headers = {}
-        referrer = smuggled_data.get('referrer')
+        referrer = smuggled_data.get('referrer')  # XXX: notice the spelling/case of the key
         if referrer:
             headers.update({
                 'Referer': referrer,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bundesliga.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bundesliga.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e76dd58ddb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bundesliga.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from .jwplatform import JWPlatformIE
+
+
+class BundesligaIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bundesliga\.com/[a-z]{2}/bundesliga/videos(?:/[^?]+)?\?vid=(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9]{8})'
+    _TESTS = [
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/videos?vid=bhhHkKyN',
+            'md5': '8fc3b25cd12440e3a8cdc51f1493849c',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'bhhHkKyN',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Watch: Alphonso Davies and Jeremie Frimpong head-to-head',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.jwplayer.com/v2/media/bhhHkKyN/poster.jpg?width=720',
+                'upload_date': '20220928',
+                'duration': 146,
+                'timestamp': 1664366511,
+                'description': 'md5:803d4411bd134140c774021dd4b7598b'
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/videos/latest-features/T8IKc8TX?vid=ROHjs06G',
+            'only_matching': True
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/videos/goals?vid=mOG56vWA',
+            'only_matching': True
+        }
+    ]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        return self.url_result(f'jwplatform:{video_id}', JWPlatformIE, video_id)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/byutv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/byutv.py
index eca2e294e7..9ed6efe799 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/byutv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/byutv.py
@@ -108,7 +108,6 @@ class BYUtvIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'thumbnail': ep.get('imageThumbnail'),
                 'duration': parse_duration(ep.get('length')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return merge_dicts(info, {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/c56.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/c56.py
index 1d98ea5983..e4b1c9a84c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/c56.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/c56.py
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ class C56IE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': f['url']
             } for f in info['rfiles']
         ]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': info['vid'],
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cableav.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cableav.py
index 3200b56771..2e374e5eba 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cableav.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cableav.py
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ class CableAVIE(InfoExtractor):
         video_url = self._og_search_video_url(webpage, secure=False)
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(video_url, video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/callin.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/callin.py
index fc5da70283..c77179c7bb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/callin.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/callin.py
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import (
-    traverse_obj,
-    float_or_none,
-    int_or_none
-)
+from ..utils import float_or_none, int_or_none, make_archive_id, traverse_obj
 
 
 class CallinIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -35,6 +31,54 @@ class CallinIE(InfoExtractor):
             'episode_number': 1,
             'episode_id': '218b979630a35ead12c6fd096f2996c56c37e4d0dc1f6dc0feada32dcf7b31cd'
         }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.callin.com/episode/fcc-commissioner-brendan-carr-on-elons-PrumRdSQJW',
+        'md5': '14ede27ee2c957b7e4db93140fc0745c',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'c3dab47f237bf953d180d3f243477a84302798be0e0b29bc9ade6d60a69f04f5',
+            'ext': 'ts',
+            'title': 'FCC Commissioner Brendan Carr on Elon’s Starlink',
+            'description': 'Or, why the government doesn’t like SpaceX',
+            'channel': 'The Pull Request',
+            'channel_url': 'https://callin.com/show/the-pull-request-ucnDJmEKAa',
+            'duration': 3182.472,
+            'series_id': '7e9c23156e4aecfdcaef46bfb2ed7ca268509622ec006c0f0f25d90e34496638',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://thepullrequest.com',
+            'upload_date': '20220902',
+            'episode': 'FCC Commissioner Brendan Carr on Elon’s Starlink',
+            'display_id': 'fcc-commissioner-brendan-carr-on-elons-PrumRdSQJW',
+            'series': 'The Pull Request',
+            'channel_id': '7e9c23156e4aecfdcaef46bfb2ed7ca268509622ec006c0f0f25d90e34496638',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'uploader': 'Antonio García Martínez',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://d1z76fhpoqkd01.cloudfront.net/shows/legacy/1ade9142625344045dc17cf523469ced1d93610762f4c886d06aa190a2f979e8.png',
+            'episode_id': 'c3dab47f237bf953d180d3f243477a84302798be0e0b29bc9ade6d60a69f04f5',
+            'timestamp': 1662100688.005,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.callin.com/episode/episode-81-elites-melt-down-over-student-debt-lzxMidUnjA',
+        'md5': '16f704ddbf82a27e3930533b12062f07',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '8d06f869798f93a7814e380bceabea72d501417e620180416ff6bd510596e83c',
+            'ext': 'ts',
+            'title': 'Episode 81- Elites MELT DOWN over Student Debt Victory? Rumble in NYC?',
+            'description': 'Let’s talk todays episode about the primary election shake up in NYC and the elites melting down over student debt cancelation.',
+            'channel': 'The DEBRIEF With Briahna Joy Gray',
+            'channel_url': 'https://callin.com/show/the-debrief-with-briahna-joy-gray-siiFDzGegm',
+            'duration': 10043.16,
+            'series_id': '61cea58444465fd26674069703bd8322993bc9e5b4f1a6d0872690554a046ff7',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://patreon.com/badfaithpodcast',
+            'upload_date': '20220826',
+            'episode': 'Episode 81- Elites MELT DOWN over Student Debt Victory? Rumble in NYC?',
+            'display_id': 'episode-',
+            'series': 'The DEBRIEF With Briahna Joy Gray',
+            'channel_id': '61cea58444465fd26674069703bd8322993bc9e5b4f1a6d0872690554a046ff7',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'uploader': 'Briahna Gray',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://d1z76fhpoqkd01.cloudfront.net/shows/legacy/461ea0d86172cb6aff7d6c80fd49259cf5e64bdf737a4650f8bc24cf392ca218.png',
+            'episode_id': '8d06f869798f93a7814e380bceabea72d501417e620180416ff6bd510596e83c',
+            'timestamp': 1661476708.282,
+        }
     }]
 
     def try_get_user_name(self, d):
@@ -51,12 +95,9 @@ class CallinIE(InfoExtractor):
         episode = next_data['props']['pageProps']['episode']
 
         id = episode['id']
-        title = (episode.get('title')
-                 or self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
-                 or self._html_extract_title(webpage))
+        title = episode.get('title') or self._generic_title('', webpage)
         url = episode['m3u8']
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(url, display_id, ext='ts')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         show = traverse_obj(episode, ('show', 'title'))
         show_id = traverse_obj(episode, ('show', 'id'))
@@ -89,6 +130,7 @@ class CallinIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         return {
             'id': id,
+            '_old_archive_ids': [make_archive_id(self, display_id.rsplit('-', 1)[-1])],
             'display_id': display_id,
             'title': title,
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/caltrans.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/caltrans.py
index e52dfb1706..f4a4a834b8 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/caltrans.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/caltrans.py
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ class CaltransIE(InfoExtractor):
         video_stream = self._search_regex(r'videoStreamURL\s*=\s*"([^"]+)"', global_vars, 'Video Stream URL', fatal=False)
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(video_stream, video_id, 'ts', live=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cam4.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cam4.py
index 4256b28e08..2650cc1ef1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cam4.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cam4.py
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ class CAM4IE(InfoExtractor):
         m3u8_playlist = self._download_json('https://www.cam4.com/rest/v1.0/profile/{}/streamInfo'.format(channel_id), channel_id).get('cdnURL')
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_playlist, channel_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', live=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': channel_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cammodels.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cammodels.py
index 32fbffcc2c..135b31529f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cammodels.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cammodels.py
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import (
-    ExtractorError,
-    int_or_none,
-    url_or_none,
-)
+from ..utils import int_or_none, url_or_none
 
 
 class CamModelsIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -17,32 +13,11 @@ class CamModelsIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         user_id = self._match_id(url)
 
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(
-            url, user_id, headers=self.geo_verification_headers())
-
-        manifest_root = self._html_search_regex(
-            r'manifestUrlRoot=([^&\']+)', webpage, 'manifest', default=None)
-
-        if not manifest_root:
-            ERRORS = (
-                ("I'm offline, but let's stay connected", 'This user is currently offline'),
-                ('in a private show', 'This user is in a private show'),
-                ('is currently performing LIVE', 'This model is currently performing live'),
-            )
-            for pattern, message in ERRORS:
-                if pattern in webpage:
-                    error = message
-                    expected = True
-                    break
-            else:
-                error = 'Unable to find manifest URL root'
-                expected = False
-            raise ExtractorError(error, expected=expected)
-
         manifest = self._download_json(
-            '%s%s.json' % (manifest_root, user_id), user_id)
+            'https://manifest-server.naiadsystems.com/live/s:%s.json' % user_id, user_id)
 
         formats = []
+        thumbnails = []
         for format_id, format_dict in manifest['formats'].items():
             if not isinstance(format_dict, dict):
                 continue
@@ -82,13 +57,20 @@ class CamModelsIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'quality': -10,
                     })
                 else:
+                    if format_id == 'jpeg':
+                        thumbnails.append({
+                            'url': f['url'],
+                            'width': f['width'],
+                            'height': f['height'],
+                            'format_id': f['format_id'],
+                        })
                     continue
                 formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': user_id,
             'title': user_id,
+            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
             'is_live': True,
             'formats': formats,
             'age_limit': 18
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/camsoda.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/camsoda.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..021cd916f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/camsoda.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import random
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import ExtractorError, traverse_obj
+
+
+class CamsodaIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.camsoda\.com/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.camsoda.com/lizzhopf',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'lizzhopf',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'lizzhopf (lizzhopf) Nude on Cam. Free Live Sex Chat Room - CamSoda',
+            'description': str,
+            'is_live': True,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        },
+        'skip': 'Room is offline',
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, headers=self.geo_verification_headers())
+
+        data = self._download_json(
+            f'https://camsoda.com/api/v1/video/vtoken/{video_id}', video_id,
+            query={'username': f'guest_{random.randrange(10000, 99999)}'},
+            headers=self.geo_verification_headers())
+        if not data:
+            raise ExtractorError('Unable to find configuration for stream.')
+        elif data.get('private_servers'):
+            raise ExtractorError('Model is in private show.', expected=True)
+        elif not data.get('stream_name'):
+            raise ExtractorError('Model is offline.', expected=True)
+
+        stream_name = traverse_obj(data, 'stream_name', expected_type=str)
+        token = traverse_obj(data, 'token', expected_type=str)
+
+        formats = []
+        for server in traverse_obj(data, ('edge_servers', ...)):
+            formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                f'https://{server}/{stream_name}_v1/index.m3u8?token={token}',
+                video_id, ext='mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False, live=True)
+            if formats:
+                break
+        if not formats:
+            self.raise_no_formats('No active streams found', expected=True)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': self._html_extract_title(webpage),
+            'description': self._html_search_meta('description', webpage, default=None),
+            'is_live': True,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/canalalpha.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/canalalpha.py
index f2ec9355f4..df5ca58187 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/canalalpha.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/canalalpha.py
@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ class CanalAlphaIE(InfoExtractor):
             dash_frmts, dash_subs = self._parse_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(manifests['dash'])
             formats.extend(dash_frmts)
             subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, dash_subs)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': id,
             'title': data_json.get('title').strip(),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/canalc2.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/canalc2.py
index c9bb94c402..597cb2a6b0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/canalc2.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/canalc2.py
@@ -58,8 +58,6 @@ class Canalc2IE(InfoExtractor):
         else:
             info = self._parse_html5_media_entries(url, webpage, url)[0]
 
-        self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
-
         info.update({
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/canalplus.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/canalplus.py
index b184398e2d..b7e2f9dd46 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/canalplus.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/canalplus.py
@@ -86,7 +86,6 @@ class CanalplusIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'format_id': format_id,
                     'quality': preference(format_id),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = [{
             'id': image_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/canvas.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/canvas.py
index 8eff4a57c1..ae6e03a4d5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/canvas.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/canvas.py
@@ -118,7 +118,6 @@ class CanvasIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'format_id': format_type,
                     'url': format_url,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitle_urls = data.get('subtitleUrls')
         if isinstance(subtitle_urls, list):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/carambatv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/carambatv.py
index 087ea8aa08..d6044a3193 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/carambatv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/carambatv.py
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ class CarambaTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             'height': int_or_none(f.get('height')),
             'format_id': format_field(f, 'height', '%sp'),
         } for f in video['qualities'] if f.get('fn')]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnail = video.get('splash')
         duration = float_or_none(try_get(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbc.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbc.py
index 999b7bc53a..210f5f8eea 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbc.py
@@ -380,8 +380,6 @@ class CBCGemIE(InfoExtractor):
                 if 'descriptive' in format['format_id'].lower():
                     format['preference'] = -2
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': video_info['title'],
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbs.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbs.py
index e32539c9e7..9aacd50c45 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbs.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbs.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class CBSBaseIE(ThePlatformFeedIE):
+class CBSBaseIE(ThePlatformFeedIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     def _parse_smil_subtitles(self, smil, namespace=None, subtitles_lang='en'):
         subtitles = {}
         for k, ext in [('sMPTE-TTCCURL', 'tt'), ('ClosedCaptionURL', 'ttml'), ('webVTTCaptionURL', 'vtt')]:
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ class CBSBaseIE(ThePlatformFeedIE):
             subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, tp_subtitles)
         if last_e and not formats:
             self.raise_no_formats(last_e, True, content_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         extra_info.update({
             'id': content_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbsinteractive.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbsinteractive.py
index 7abeecf78a..b09e9823eb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbsinteractive.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbsinteractive.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from .cbs import CBSIE
 from ..utils import int_or_none
 
 
-class CBSInteractiveIE(CBSIE):
+class CBSInteractiveIE(CBSIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<site>cnet|zdnet)\.com/(?:videos|video(?:/share)?)/(?P<id>[^/?]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://www.cnet.com/videos/hands-on-with-microsofts-windows-8-1-update/',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbslocal.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbslocal.py
index c6495c95fe..3d50b0499f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbslocal.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbslocal.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class CBSLocalIE(AnvatoIE):
+class CBSLocalIE(AnvatoIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL_BASE = r'https?://[a-z]+\.cbslocal\.com/'
     _VALID_URL = _VALID_URL_BASE + r'video/(?P<id>\d+)'
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class CBSLocalIE(AnvatoIE):
             'anvato:anvato_cbslocal_app_web_prod_547f3e49241ef0e5d30c79b2efbca5d92c698f67:' + mcp_id, 'Anvato', mcp_id)
 
 
-class CBSLocalArticleIE(AnvatoIE):
+class CBSLocalArticleIE(AnvatoIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = CBSLocalIE._VALID_URL_BASE + r'\d+/\d+/\d+/(?P<id>[0-9a-z-]+)'
 
     _TESTS = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbsnews.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbsnews.py
index 76925b4f9b..16edf3af86 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbsnews.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbsnews.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class CBSNewsEmbedIE(CBSIE):
+class CBSNewsEmbedIE(CBSIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'cbsnews:embed'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cbsnews\.com/embed/video[^#]*#(?P<id>.+)'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class CBSNewsEmbedIE(CBSIE):
         return self._extract_video_info(item['mpxRefId'], 'cbsnews')
 
 
-class CBSNewsIE(CBSIE):
+class CBSNewsIE(CBSIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'cbsnews'
     IE_DESC = 'CBS News'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cbsnews\.com/(?:news|video)/(?P<id>[\da-z_-]+)'
@@ -132,7 +132,6 @@ class CBSNewsLiveVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
             })
 
         formats = self._extract_akamai_formats(video_info['url'], display_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': display_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbssports.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbssports.py
index 56a2551497..b5d85af12b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbssports.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbssports.py
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ class CBSSportsEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             metadata['files'][0]['url'], video_id, 'mp4',
             'm3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         image = video.get('image')
         thumbnails = None
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ccc.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ccc.py
index 1bc0f07f22..22e3a22ece 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ccc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ccc.py
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ class CCCIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'language': language,
                 'vcodec': vcodec,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': event_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ccma.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ccma.py
index ca739f8a14..88ff82f6e6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ccma.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ccma.py
@@ -81,7 +81,6 @@ class CCMAIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': media_url,
                 'vcodec': 'none' if media_type == 'audio' else None,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         informacio = media['informacio']
         title = informacio['titol']
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cctv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cctv.py
index 623cbb3420..466bdfb7cc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cctv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cctv.py
@@ -170,8 +170,6 @@ class CCTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 hls_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
                 m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         uploader = data.get('editer_name')
         description = self._html_search_meta(
             'description', webpage, default=None)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py
index 6d01c60d5e..1157114b2a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
+import base64
 import codecs
+import datetime
+import hashlib
+import hmac
 import json
+import random
 import re
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
@@ -12,6 +17,8 @@ from ..utils import (
     multipart_encode,
     parse_duration,
     random_birthday,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_call,
     try_get,
     urljoin,
 )
@@ -19,7 +26,17 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 class CDAIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www\.)?cda\.pl/video|ebd\.cda\.pl/[0-9]+x[0-9]+)/(?P<id>[0-9a-z]+)'
-    _BASE_URL = 'http://www.cda.pl/'
+    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'cdapl'
+
+    _BASE_URL = 'https://www.cda.pl'
+    _BASE_API_URL = 'https://api.cda.pl'
+    _API_HEADERS = {
+        'Accept': 'application/vnd.cda.public+json',
+    }
+    # hardcoded in the app
+    _LOGIN_REQUEST_AUTH = 'Basic YzU3YzBlZDUtYTIzOC00MWQwLWI2NjQtNmZmMWMxY2Y2YzVlOklBTm95QlhRRVR6U09MV1hnV3MwMW0xT2VyNWJNZzV4clRNTXhpNGZJUGVGZ0lWUlo5UGVYTDhtUGZaR1U1U3Q'
+    _BEARER_CACHE = 'cda-bearer'
+
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://www.cda.pl/video/5749950c',
         'md5': '6f844bf51b15f31fae165365707ae970',
@@ -83,14 +100,110 @@ class CDAIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'Content-Type': content_type,
             }, **kwargs)
 
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
+        app_version = random.choice((
+            '1.2.88 build 15306',
+            '1.2.174 build 18469',
+        ))
+        android_version = random.randrange(8, 14)
+        phone_model = random.choice((
+            # x-kom.pl top selling Android smartphones, as of 2022-12-26
+            # https://www.x-kom.pl/g-4/c/1590-smartfony-i-telefony.html?f201-system-operacyjny=61322-android
+            'ASUS ZenFone 8',
+            'Motorola edge 20 5G',
+            'Motorola edge 30 neo 5G',
+            'Motorola moto g22',
+            'OnePlus Nord 2T 5G',
+            'Samsung Galaxy A32 SM‑A325F',
+            'Samsung Galaxy M13',
+            'Samsung Galaxy S20 FE 5G',
+            'Xiaomi 11T',
+            'Xiaomi POCO M4 Pro',
+            'Xiaomi Redmi 10',
+            'Xiaomi Redmi 10C',
+            'Xiaomi Redmi 9C NFC',
+            'Xiaomi Redmi Note 10 Pro',
+            'Xiaomi Redmi Note 11 Pro',
+            'Xiaomi Redmi Note 11',
+            'Xiaomi Redmi Note 11S 5G',
+            'Xiaomi Redmi Note 11S',
+            'realme 10',
+            'realme 9 Pro+',
+            'vivo Y33s',
+        ))
+        self._API_HEADERS['User-Agent'] = f'pl.cda 1.0 (version {app_version}; Android {android_version}; {phone_model})'
+
+        cached_bearer = self.cache.load(self._BEARER_CACHE, username) or {}
+        if cached_bearer.get('valid_until', 0) > datetime.datetime.now().timestamp() + 5:
+            self._API_HEADERS['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {cached_bearer["token"]}'
+            return
+
+        password_hash = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(hmac.new(
+            b's01m1Oer5IANoyBXQETzSOLWXgWs01m1Oer5bMg5xrTMMxRZ9Pi4fIPeFgIVRZ9PeXL8mPfXQETZGUAN5StRZ9P',
+            ''.join(f'{bytes((bt & 255, )).hex():0>2}'
+                    for bt in hashlib.md5(password.encode()).digest()).encode(),
+            hashlib.sha256).digest()).decode().replace('=', '')
+
+        token_res = self._download_json(
+            f'{self._BASE_API_URL}/oauth/token', None, 'Logging in', data=b'',
+            headers={**self._API_HEADERS, 'Authorization': self._LOGIN_REQUEST_AUTH},
+            query={
+                'grant_type': 'password',
+                'login': username,
+                'password': password_hash,
+            })
+        self.cache.store(self._BEARER_CACHE, username, {
+            'token': token_res['access_token'],
+            'valid_until': token_res['expires_in'] + datetime.datetime.now().timestamp(),
+        })
+        self._API_HEADERS['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {token_res["access_token"]}'
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        if 'Authorization' in self._API_HEADERS:
+            return self._api_extract(video_id)
+        else:
+            return self._web_extract(video_id, url)
+
+    def _api_extract(self, video_id):
+        meta = self._download_json(
+            f'{self._BASE_API_URL}/video/{video_id}', video_id, headers=self._API_HEADERS)['video']
+
+        uploader = traverse_obj(meta, 'author', 'login')
+
+        formats = [{
+            'url': quality['file'],
+            'format': quality.get('title'),
+            'resolution': quality.get('name'),
+            'height': try_call(lambda: int(quality['name'][:-1])),
+            'filesize': quality.get('length'),
+        } for quality in meta['qualities'] if quality.get('file')]
+
+        if meta.get('premium') and not meta.get('premium_free') and not formats:
+            raise ExtractorError(
+                'Video requires CDA Premium - subscription needed', expected=True)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': meta.get('title'),
+            'description': meta.get('description'),
+            'uploader': None if uploader == 'anonim' else uploader,
+            'average_rating': float_or_none(meta.get('rating')),
+            'thumbnail': meta.get('thumb'),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'duration': meta.get('duration'),
+            'age_limit': 18 if meta.get('for_adults') else 0,
+            'view_count': meta.get('views'),
+        }
+
+    def _web_extract(self, video_id, url):
         self._set_cookie('cda.pl', 'cda.player', 'html5')
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
-            self._BASE_URL + '/video/' + video_id, video_id)
+            f'{self._BASE_URL}/video/{video_id}/vfilm', video_id)
 
         if 'Ten film jest dostępny dla użytkowników premium' in webpage:
-            raise ExtractorError('This video is only available for premium users.', expected=True)
+            self.raise_login_required('This video is only available for premium users')
 
         if re.search(r'niedostępn[ey] w(?:&nbsp;|\s+)Twoim kraju\s*<', webpage):
             self.raise_geo_restricted()
@@ -222,6 +335,4 @@ class CDAIE(InfoExtractor):
 
             extract_format(webpage, resolution)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return merge_dicts(info_dict, info)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cellebrite.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cellebrite.py
index 64a30d7e31..9896a31afe 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cellebrite.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cellebrite.py
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ class CellebriteIE(InfoExtractor):
             f'https://play.vidyard.com/player/{player_uuid}.json', display_id)['payload']['chapters'][0]
 
         formats, subtitles = self._get_formats_and_subtitles(json_data['sources'], display_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': str(json_data['videoId']),
             'title': json_data.get('name') or self._og_search_title(webpage),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ceskatelevize.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ceskatelevize.py
index 331b350f1d..be2b0bb433 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ceskatelevize.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ceskatelevize.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
     float_or_none,
     sanitized_Request,
+    str_or_none,
     traverse_obj,
     urlencode_postdata,
     USER_AGENTS,
@@ -16,13 +17,13 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 
 class CeskaTelevizeIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?ceskatelevize\.cz/(?:ivysilani|porady)/(?:[^/?#&]+/)*(?P<id>[^/#?]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?ceskatelevize\.cz/(?:ivysilani|porady|zive)/(?:[^/?#&]+/)*(?P<id>[^/#?]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/ivysilani/10441294653-hyde-park-civilizace/215411058090502/bonus/20641-bonus-01-en',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '61924494877028507',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Hyde Park Civilizace: Bonus 01 - En',
+            'title': 'Bonus 01 - En - Hyde Park Civilizace',
             'description': 'English Subtittles',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
             'duration': 81.3,
@@ -33,18 +34,29 @@ class CeskaTelevizeIE(InfoExtractor):
         },
     }, {
         # live stream
-        'url': 'http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/ivysilani/zive/ct4/',
+        'url': 'http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/zive/ct1/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 402,
+            'id': '102',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': r're:^ČT Sport \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}$',
+            'title': r'ČT1 - živé vysílání online',
+            'description': 'Sledujte živé vysílání kanálu ČT1 online. Vybírat si můžete i z dalších kanálů České televize na kterémkoli z vašich zařízení.',
             'is_live': True,
         },
         'params': {
             # m3u8 download
             'skip_download': True,
         },
-        'skip': 'Georestricted to Czech Republic',
+    }, {
+        # another
+        'url': 'http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/ivysilani/zive/ct4/',
+        'only_matching': True,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 402,
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': r're:^ČT Sport \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}$',
+            'is_live': True,
+        },
+        # 'skip': 'Georestricted to Czech Republic',
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/ivysilani/embed/iFramePlayer.php?hash=d6a3e1370d2e4fa76296b90bad4dfc19673b641e&IDEC=217 562 22150/0004&channelID=1&width=100%25',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -53,21 +65,21 @@ class CeskaTelevizeIE(InfoExtractor):
         'url': 'http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/porady/10520528904-queer/215562210900007-bogotart/',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '215562210900007-bogotart',
-            'title': 'Queer: Bogotart',
-            'description': 'Hlavní město Kolumbie v doprovodu queer umělců. Vroucí svět plný vášně, sebevědomí, ale i násilí a bolesti. Připravil Peter Serge Butko',
+            'title': 'Bogotart - Queer',
+            'description': 'Hlavní město Kolumbie v doprovodu queer umělců. Vroucí svět plný vášně, sebevědomí, ale i násilí a bolesti',
         },
         'playlist': [{
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '61924494877311053',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Queer: Bogotart (Varování 18+)',
+                'title': 'Bogotart - Queer (Varování 18+)',
                 'duration': 11.9,
             },
         }, {
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '61924494877068022',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Queer: Bogotart (Queer)',
+                'title': 'Bogotart - Queer (Queer)',
                 'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
                 'duration': 1558.3,
             },
@@ -84,28 +96,42 @@ class CeskaTelevizeIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
-        parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
-        site_name = self._og_search_property('site_name', webpage, fatal=False, default=None)
+        webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(url, playlist_id)
+        parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(urlh.geturl())
+        site_name = self._og_search_property('site_name', webpage, fatal=False, default='Česká televize')
         playlist_title = self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None)
         if site_name and playlist_title:
-            playlist_title = playlist_title.replace(f' — {site_name}', '', 1)
+            playlist_title = re.split(r'\s*[—|]\s*%s' % (site_name, ), playlist_title, 1)[0]
         playlist_description = self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None)
         if playlist_description:
             playlist_description = playlist_description.replace('\xa0', ' ')
 
-        if parsed_url.path.startswith('/porady/'):
+        type_ = 'IDEC'
+        if re.search(r'(^/porady|/zive)/', parsed_url.path):
             next_data = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, playlist_id)
-            idec = traverse_obj(next_data, ('props', 'pageProps', 'data', ('show', 'mediaMeta'), 'idec'), get_all=False)
+            if '/zive/' in parsed_url.path:
+                idec = traverse_obj(next_data, ('props', 'pageProps', 'data', 'liveBroadcast', 'current', 'idec'), get_all=False)
+            else:
+                idec = traverse_obj(next_data, ('props', 'pageProps', 'data', ('show', 'mediaMeta'), 'idec'), get_all=False)
+                if not idec:
+                    idec = traverse_obj(next_data, ('props', 'pageProps', 'data', 'videobonusDetail', 'bonusId'), get_all=False)
+                    if idec:
+                        type_ = 'bonus'
             if not idec:
                 raise ExtractorError('Failed to find IDEC id')
-            iframe_hash = self._download_webpage('https://www.ceskatelevize.cz/v-api/iframe-hash/', playlist_id)
-            webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.ceskatelevize.cz/ivysilani/embed/iFramePlayer.php', playlist_id,
-                                             query={'hash': iframe_hash, 'origin': 'iVysilani', 'autoStart': 'true', 'IDEC': idec})
+            iframe_hash = self._download_webpage(
+                'https://www.ceskatelevize.cz/v-api/iframe-hash/',
+                playlist_id, note='Getting IFRAME hash')
+            query = {'hash': iframe_hash, 'origin': 'iVysilani', 'autoStart': 'true', type_: idec, }
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(
+                'https://www.ceskatelevize.cz/ivysilani/embed/iFramePlayer.php',
+                playlist_id, note='Downloading player', query=query)
 
         NOT_AVAILABLE_STRING = 'This content is not available at your territory due to limited copyright.'
         if '%s</p>' % NOT_AVAILABLE_STRING in webpage:
-            raise ExtractorError(NOT_AVAILABLE_STRING, expected=True)
+            self.raise_geo_restricted(NOT_AVAILABLE_STRING)
+        if any(not_found in webpage for not_found in ('Neplatný parametr pro videopřehrávač', 'IDEC nebyl nalezen', )):
+            raise ExtractorError('no video with IDEC available', video_id=idec, expected=True)
 
         type_ = None
         episode_id = None
@@ -174,7 +200,6 @@ class CeskaTelevizeIE(InfoExtractor):
                 is_live = item.get('type') == 'LIVE'
                 formats = []
                 for format_id, stream_url in item.get('streamUrls', {}).items():
-                    stream_url = stream_url.replace('https://', 'http://')
                     if 'playerType=flash' in stream_url:
                         stream_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                             stream_url, playlist_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native',
@@ -196,7 +221,7 @@ class CeskaTelevizeIE(InfoExtractor):
                     entries[num]['formats'].extend(formats)
                     continue
 
-                item_id = item.get('id') or item['assetId']
+                item_id = str_or_none(item.get('id') or item['assetId'])
                 title = item['title']
 
                 duration = float_or_none(item.get('duration'))
@@ -224,9 +249,8 @@ class CeskaTelevizeIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'is_live': is_live,
                 })
 
-        for e in entries:
-            self._sort_formats(e['formats'])
-
+        if len(entries) == 1:
+            return entries[0]
         return self.playlist_result(entries, playlist_id, playlist_title, playlist_description)
 
     def _get_subtitles(self, episode_id, subs):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/channel9.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/channel9.py
index d0390d9371..a88474060a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/channel9.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/channel9.py
@@ -185,7 +185,6 @@ class Channel9IE(InfoExtractor):
             if not formats and not slides and not zip_file:
                 self.raise_no_formats(
                     'None of recording, slides or zip are available for %s' % content_path)
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             subtitles = {}
             for caption in content_data.get('Captions', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/charlierose.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/charlierose.py
index 27f8b33e54..8fe6797c6a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/charlierose.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/charlierose.py
@@ -38,8 +38,6 @@ class CharlieRoseIE(InfoExtractor):
         info_dict = self._parse_html5_media_entries(
             self._PLAYER_BASE % video_id, webpage, video_id,
             m3u8_entry_protocol='m3u8_native')[0]
-
-        self._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
         self._remove_duplicate_formats(info_dict['formats'])
 
         info_dict.update({
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/chaturbate.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/chaturbate.py
index d39210bf74..99dfcfdebb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/chaturbate.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/chaturbate.py
@@ -95,7 +95,6 @@ class ChaturbateIE(InfoExtractor):
                 # ffmpeg skips segments for fast m3u8
                 preference=-10 if m3u8_id == 'fast' else None,
                 m3u8_id=m3u8_id, fatal=False, live=True))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/chilloutzone.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/chilloutzone.py
index 1a2f77c4eb..ac4252f1b4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/chilloutzone.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/chilloutzone.py
@@ -1,93 +1,123 @@
-import json
+import base64
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from .youtube import YoutubeIE
-from ..compat import compat_b64decode
 from ..utils import (
     clean_html,
-    ExtractorError
+    int_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
 )
 
 
 class ChilloutzoneIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?chilloutzone\.net/video/(?P<id>[\w|-]+)\.html'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?chilloutzone\.net/video/(?P<id>[\w-]+)\.html'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.chilloutzone.net/video/enemene-meck-alle-katzen-weg.html',
+        'url': 'https://www.chilloutzone.net/video/enemene-meck-alle-katzen-weg.html',
         'md5': 'a76f3457e813ea0037e5244f509e66d1',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'enemene-meck-alle-katzen-weg',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Enemene Meck - Alle Katzen weg',
             'description': 'Ist das der Umkehrschluss des Niesenden Panda-Babys?',
+            'duration': 24,
         },
     }, {
         'note': 'Video hosted at YouTube',
-        'url': 'http://www.chilloutzone.net/video/eine-sekunde-bevor.html',
+        'url': 'https://www.chilloutzone.net/video/eine-sekunde-bevor.html',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '1YVQaAgHyRU',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': '16 Photos Taken 1 Second Before Disaster',
             'description': 'md5:58a8fcf6a459fe0a08f54140f0ad1814',
             'uploader': 'BuzzFeedVideo',
-            'uploader_id': 'BuzzFeedVideo',
+            'uploader_id': '@BuzzFeedVideo',
             'upload_date': '20131105',
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/1YVQaAgHyRU/maxresdefault.jpg',
+            'tags': 'count:41',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpko_-a4wgz2u_DgDgd9fqA',
+            'chapters': 'count:6',
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'channel_id': 'UCpko_-a4wgz2u_DgDgd9fqA',
+            'duration': 100,
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/@BuzzFeedVideo',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'channel': 'BuzzFeedVideo',
         },
     }, {
-        'note': 'Video hosted at Vimeo',
-        'url': 'http://www.chilloutzone.net/video/icon-blending.html',
-        'md5': '2645c678b8dc4fefcc0e1b60db18dac1',
+        'url': 'https://www.chilloutzone.net/video/icon-blending.html',
+        'md5': '2f9d6850ec567b24f0f4fa143b9aa2f9',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '85523671',
+            'id': 'LLNkHpSjBfc',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'The Sunday Times - Icons',
-            'description': 're:(?s)^Watch the making of - makingoficons.com.{300,}',
-            'uploader': 'Us',
-            'uploader_id': 'usfilms',
-            'upload_date': '20140131'
+            'title': 'The Sunday Times   Making of Icons',
+            'description': 'md5:b9259fcf63a1669e42001e5db677f02a',
+            'uploader': 'MadFoxUA',
+            'uploader_id': '@MadFoxUA',
+            'upload_date': '20140204',
+            'channel_id': 'UCSZa9Y6-Vl7c11kWMcbAfCw',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSZa9Y6-Vl7c11kWMcbAfCw',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/@MadFoxUA',
+            'duration': 66,
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/LLNkHpSjBfc/maxresdefault.jpg',
+            'categories': ['Comedy'],
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'tags': [],
+            'channel': 'MadFoxUA',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.chilloutzone.net/video/ordentlich-abgeschuettelt.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'ordentlich-abgeschuettelt',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Ordentlich abgeschüttelt',
+            'description': 'md5:d41541966b75d3d1e8ea77a94ea0d329',
+            'duration': 18,
         },
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
-        video_id = mobj.group('id')
-
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        b64_data = self._html_search_regex(
+            r'var cozVidData\s*=\s*"([^"]+)"', webpage, 'video data')
+        info = self._parse_json(base64.b64decode(b64_data).decode(), video_id)
 
-        base64_video_info = self._html_search_regex(
-            r'var cozVidData = "(.+?)";', webpage, 'video data')
-        decoded_video_info = compat_b64decode(base64_video_info).decode('utf-8')
-        video_info_dict = json.loads(decoded_video_info)
+        video_url = info.get('mediaUrl')
+        native_platform = info.get('nativePlatform')
 
-        # get video information from dict
-        video_url = video_info_dict['mediaUrl']
-        description = clean_html(video_info_dict.get('description'))
-        title = video_info_dict['title']
-        native_platform = video_info_dict['nativePlatform']
-        native_video_id = video_info_dict['nativeVideoId']
-        source_priority = video_info_dict['sourcePriority']
-
-        # If nativePlatform is None a fallback mechanism is used (i.e. youtube embed)
-        if native_platform is None:
-            youtube_url = YoutubeIE._extract_url(webpage)
-            if youtube_url:
-                return self.url_result(youtube_url, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key())
-
-        # Non Fallback: Decide to use native source (e.g. youtube or vimeo) or
-        # the own CDN
-        if source_priority == 'native':
+        if native_platform and info.get('sourcePriority') == 'native':
+            native_video_id = info['nativeVideoId']
             if native_platform == 'youtube':
-                return self.url_result(native_video_id, ie='Youtube')
-            if native_platform == 'vimeo':
-                return self.url_result(
-                    'http://vimeo.com/' + native_video_id, ie='Vimeo')
+                return self.url_result(native_video_id, 'Youtube')
+            elif native_platform == 'vimeo':
+                return self.url_result(f'https://vimeo.com/{native_video_id}', 'Vimeo')
 
-        if not video_url:
-            raise ExtractorError('No video found')
+        elif not video_url:
+            # Possibly a standard youtube embed?
+            # TODO: Investigate if site still does this (there are no tests for it)
+            return self.url_result(url, 'Generic')
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'url': video_url,
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': title,
-            'description': description,
+            **traverse_obj(info, {
+                'title': 'title',
+                'description': ('description', {clean_html}),
+                'duration': ('videoLength', {int_or_none}),
+                'width': ('videoWidth', {int_or_none}),
+                'height': ('videoHeight', {int_or_none}),
+            }),
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/chingari.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/chingari.py
index e54d92a86a..48091dd654 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/chingari.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/chingari.py
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ class ChingariBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': base_url + '/apipublic' + media_data['path'],
                 'quality': 10,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         timestamp = str_to_int(post_data.get('created_at'))
         if timestamp:
             timestamp = int_or_none(timestamp, 1000)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cinchcast.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cinchcast.py
index ff962aad17..7a7ea8b228 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cinchcast.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cinchcast.py
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ class CinchcastIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': 'backup',
                 'url': backup_url,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cinetecamilano.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cinetecamilano.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5e770ebac2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cinetecamilano.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import json
+import urllib.error
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    float_or_none,
+    parse_iso8601,
+    strip_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_get,
+    urljoin,
+)
+
+
+class CinetecaMilanoIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cinetecamilano\.it/film/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.cinetecamilano.it/film/1942',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1942',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Il draghetto Gris\u00f9 (4 episodi)',
+            'release_date': '20220129',
+            'thumbnail': r're:.+\.png',
+            'description': 'md5:5328cbe080b93224712b6f17fcaf2c01',
+            'modified_date': '20200520',
+            'duration': 3139,
+            'release_timestamp': 1643446208,
+            'modified_timestamp': int
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        try:
+            film_json = self._download_json(
+                f'https://www.cinetecamilano.it/api/catalogo/{video_id}/?',
+                video_id, headers={
+                    'Referer': url,
+                    'Authorization': try_get(self._get_cookies('https://www.cinetecamilano.it'), lambda x: f'Bearer {x["cnt-token"].value}') or ''
+                })
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if ((isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 500)
+                    or isinstance(e.cause, json.JSONDecodeError)):
+                self.raise_login_required(method='cookies')
+            raise
+        if not film_json.get('success') or not film_json.get('archive'):
+            raise ExtractorError('Video information not found')
+        archive = film_json['archive']
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': archive.get('title'),
+            'description': strip_or_none(archive.get('description')),
+            'duration': float_or_none(archive.get('duration'), invscale=60),
+            'release_timestamp': parse_iso8601(archive.get('updated_at'), delimiter=' '),
+            'modified_timestamp': parse_iso8601(archive.get('created_at'), delimiter=' '),
+            'thumbnail': urljoin(url, try_get(archive, lambda x: x['thumb']['src'].replace('/public/', '/storage/'))),
+            'formats': self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                urljoin(url, traverse_obj(archive, ('drm', 'hls'))), video_id, 'mp4')
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ciscowebex.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ciscowebex.py
index e1aae9bda6..0fcf022820 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ciscowebex.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ciscowebex.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
     int_or_none,
     try_get,
     unified_timestamp,
@@ -38,11 +39,30 @@ class CiscoWebexIE(InfoExtractor):
         siteurl = mobj.group('siteurl_1') or mobj.group('siteurl_2')
         video_id = mobj.group('id')
 
-        stream = self._download_json(
+        password = self.get_param('videopassword')
+
+        headers = {'Accept': 'application/json'}
+        if password:
+            headers['accessPwd'] = password
+
+        stream, urlh = self._download_json_handle(
             'https://%s.webex.com/webappng/api/v1/recordings/%s/stream' % (subdomain, video_id),
-            video_id, fatal=False, query={'siteurl': siteurl})
-        if not stream:
-            self.raise_login_required(method='cookies')
+            video_id, headers=headers, query={'siteurl': siteurl}, expected_status=(403, 429))
+
+        if urlh.status == 403:
+            if stream['code'] == 53004:
+                self.raise_login_required()
+            if stream['code'] == 53005:
+                if password:
+                    raise ExtractorError('Wrong password', expected=True)
+                raise ExtractorError(
+                    'This video is protected by a password, use the --video-password option', expected=True)
+            raise ExtractorError(f'{self.IE_NAME} said: {stream["code"]} - {stream["message"]}', expected=True)
+
+        if urlh.status == 429:
+            self.raise_login_required(
+                f'{self.IE_NAME} asks you to solve a CAPTCHA. Solve CAPTCHA in browser and',
+                method='cookies')
 
         video_id = stream.get('recordUUID') or video_id
 
@@ -72,14 +92,13 @@ class CiscoWebexIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'vcodec': 'none',
                     'acodec': 'mp3',
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': stream['recordName'],
             'description': stream.get('description'),
             'uploader': stream.get('ownerDisplayName'),
-            'uploader_id': stream.get('ownerUserName') or stream.get('ownerId'),  # mail or id
+            'uploader_id': stream.get('ownerUserName') or stream.get('ownerId'),
             'timestamp': unified_timestamp(stream.get('createTime')),
             'duration': int_or_none(stream.get('duration'), 1000),
             'webpage_url': 'https://%s.webex.com/recordingservice/sites/%s/recording/playback/%s' % (subdomain, siteurl, video_id),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cliphunter.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cliphunter.py
index 7e5fd31750..2b907dc804 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cliphunter.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cliphunter.py
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ class CliphunterIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': int_or_none(height),
                 'tbr': int_or_none(f.get('br')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnail = self._search_regex(
             r"var\s+mov_thumb\s*=\s*'([^']+)';",
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cloudflarestream.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cloudflarestream.py
index 8bc0ad883d..748e8e9087 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cloudflarestream.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cloudflarestream.py
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ class CloudflareStreamIE(InfoExtractor):
             'm3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
         formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
             manifest_base_url + 'mpd', video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/clubic.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/clubic.py
index ce86212965..403e44aafd 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/clubic.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/clubic.py
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ class ClubicIE(InfoExtractor):
             'url': src['src'],
             'quality': quality_order(src['streamQuality']),
         } for src in sources]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/clyp.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/clyp.py
index c64726ca27..273d0025f0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/clyp.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/clyp.py
@@ -9,22 +9,22 @@ from ..utils import (
 class ClypIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?clyp\.it/(?P<id>[a-z0-9]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://clyp.it/ojz2wfah',
-        'md5': '1d4961036c41247ecfdcc439c0cddcbb',
+        'url': 'https://clyp.it/iynkjk4b',
+        'md5': '4bc6371c65210e7b372097fce4d92441',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'ojz2wfah',
-            'ext': 'mp3',
-            'title': 'Krisson80 - bits wip wip',
-            'description': '#Krisson80BitsWipWip #chiptune\n#wip',
-            'duration': 263.21,
-            'timestamp': 1443515251,
-            'upload_date': '20150929',
+            'id': 'iynkjk4b',
+            'ext': 'ogg',
+            'title': 'research',
+            'description': '#Research',
+            'duration': 51.278,
+            'timestamp': 1435524981,
+            'upload_date': '20150628',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://clyp.it/b04p1odi?token=b0078e077e15835845c528a44417719d',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'b04p1odi',
-            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'ext': 'ogg',
             'title': 'GJ! (Reward Edit)',
             'description': 'Metal Resistance (THE ONE edition)',
             'duration': 177.789,
@@ -34,6 +34,17 @@ class ClypIE(InfoExtractor):
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://clyp.it/v42214lc',
+        'md5': '4aca4dfc3236fb6d6ddc4ea08314f33f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'v42214lc',
+            'ext': 'wav',
+            'title': 'i dont wanna go (old version)',
+            'duration': 113.528,
+            'timestamp': 1607348505,
+            'upload_date': '20201207',
+        },
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -59,8 +70,19 @@ class ClypIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'url': format_url,
                         'format_id': format_id,
                         'vcodec': 'none',
+                        'acodec': ext.lower(),
                     })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+
+        page = self._download_webpage(url, video_id=audio_id)
+        wav_url = self._html_search_regex(
+            r'var\s*wavStreamUrl\s*=\s*["\'](?P<url>https?://[^\'"]+)', page, 'url', default=None)
+        if wav_url:
+            formats.append({
+                'url': wav_url,
+                'format_id': 'wavStreamUrl',
+                'vcodec': 'none',
+                'acodec': 'wav',
+            })
 
         title = metadata['Title']
         description = metadata.get('Description')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cmt.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cmt.py
index 4eec066dd7..8aed7708b1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cmt.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cmt.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from .mtv import MTVIE
 # TODO Remove - Reason: Outdated Site
 
 
-class CMTIE(MTVIE):
+class CMTIE(MTVIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'cmt.com'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cmt\.com/(?:videos|shows|(?:full-)?episodes|video-clips)/(?P<id>[^/]+)'
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cnn.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cnn.py
index 96482eaf58..61b62fae9f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cnn.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cnn.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from .turner import TurnerBaseIE
-from ..utils import url_basename
+from ..utils import merge_dicts, try_call, url_basename
 
 
 class CNNIE(TurnerBaseIE):
@@ -141,3 +141,58 @@ class CNNArticleIE(InfoExtractor):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, url_basename(url))
         cnn_url = self._html_search_regex(r"video:\s*'([^']+)'", webpage, 'cnn url')
         return self.url_result('http://cnn.com/video/?/video/' + cnn_url, CNNIE.ie_key())
+
+
+class CNNIndonesiaIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.cnnindonesia\.com/[\w-]+/(?P<upload_date>\d{8})\d+-\d+-(?P<id>\d+)/(?P<display_id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20220909212635-89-845885/alasan-harga-bbm-di-indonesia-masih-disubsidi',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '845885',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'description': 'md5:e7954bfa6f1749bc9ef0c079a719c347',
+            'upload_date': '20220909',
+            'title': 'Alasan Harga BBM di Indonesia Masih Disubsidi',
+            'timestamp': 1662859088,
+            'duration': 120.0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://akcdn\.detik\.net\.id/visual/2022/09/09/thumbnail-ekopedia-alasan-harga-bbm-disubsidi_169\.jpeg',
+            'tags': ['ekopedia', 'subsidi bbm', 'subsidi', 'bbm', 'bbm subsidi', 'harga pertalite naik'],
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'release_timestamp': 1662859088,
+            'release_date': '20220911',
+            'uploader': 'Asfahan Yahsyi',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20220911104341-139-846189/video-momen-charles-disambut-meriah-usai-dilantik-jadi-raja-inggris',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '846189',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'upload_date': '20220911',
+            'duration': 76.0,
+            'timestamp': 1662869995,
+            'description': 'md5:ece7b003b3ee7d81c6a5cfede7d5397d',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://akcdn\.detik\.net\.id/visual/2022/09/11/thumbnail-video-1_169\.jpeg',
+            'title': 'VIDEO: Momen Charles Disambut Meriah usai Dilantik jadi Raja Inggris',
+            'tags': ['raja charles', 'raja charles iii', 'ratu elizabeth', 'ratu elizabeth meninggal dunia', 'raja inggris', 'inggris'],
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'release_date': '20220911',
+            'uploader': 'REUTERS',
+            'release_timestamp': 1662869995,
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        upload_date, video_id, display_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('upload_date', 'id', 'display_id')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        json_ld_list = list(self._yield_json_ld(webpage, display_id))
+        json_ld_data = self._json_ld(json_ld_list, display_id)
+        embed_url = next(
+            json_ld.get('embedUrl') for json_ld in json_ld_list if json_ld.get('@type') == 'VideoObject')
+
+        return merge_dicts(json_ld_data, {
+            '_type': 'url_transparent',
+            'url': embed_url,
+            'upload_date': upload_date,
+            'tags': try_call(lambda: self._html_search_meta('keywords', webpage).split(', '))
+        })
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
index dae952f6a8..2091df7faf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import hashlib
 import http.client
 import http.cookiejar
 import http.cookies
+import inspect
 import itertools
 import json
 import math
@@ -21,15 +22,17 @@ import xml.etree.ElementTree
 
 from ..compat import functools  # isort: split
 from ..compat import compat_etree_fromstring, compat_expanduser, compat_os_name
-from ..downloader import FileDownloader
+from ..cookies import LenientSimpleCookie
 from ..downloader.f4m import get_base_url, remove_encrypted_media
 from ..utils import (
     IDENTITY,
     JSON_LD_RE,
     NO_DEFAULT,
     ExtractorError,
+    FormatSorter,
     GeoRestrictedError,
     GeoUtils,
+    HEADRequest,
     LenientJSONDecoder,
     RegexNotFoundError,
     RetryManager,
@@ -39,8 +42,8 @@ from ..utils import (
     bug_reports_message,
     classproperty,
     clean_html,
+    deprecation_warning,
     determine_ext,
-    determine_protocol,
     dict_get,
     encode_data_uri,
     error_to_compat_str,
@@ -64,10 +67,12 @@ from ..utils import (
     sanitize_filename,
     sanitize_url,
     sanitized_Request,
+    smuggle_url,
     str_or_none,
     str_to_int,
     strip_or_none,
     traverse_obj,
+    truncate_string,
     try_call,
     try_get,
     unescapeHTML,
@@ -77,6 +82,7 @@ from ..utils import (
     update_url_query,
     url_basename,
     url_or_none,
+    urlhandle_detect_ext,
     urljoin,
     variadic,
     xpath_element,
@@ -126,6 +132,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                                        is parsed from a string (in case of
                                        fragmented media)
                                    for MSS - URL of the ISM manifest.
+                    * request_data  Data to send in POST request to the URL
                     * manifest_url
                                  The URL of the manifest file in case of
                                  fragmented media:
@@ -147,7 +154,10 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                                  ("3D" or "DASH video")
                     * width      Width of the video, if known
                     * height     Height of the video, if known
+                    * aspect_ratio  Aspect ratio of the video, if known
+                                 Automatically calculated from width and height
                     * resolution Textual description of width and height
+                                 Automatically calculated from width and height
                     * dynamic_range The dynamic range of the video. One of:
                                  "SDR" (None), "HDR10", "HDR10+, "HDR12", "HLG, "DV"
                     * tbr        Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
@@ -211,6 +221,17 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                     * no_resume  The server does not support resuming the
                                  (HTTP or RTMP) download. Boolean.
                     * has_drm    The format has DRM and cannot be downloaded. Boolean
+                    * extra_param_to_segment_url  A query string to append to each
+                                 fragment's URL, or to update each existing query string
+                                 with. Only applied by the native HLS/DASH downloaders.
+                    * hls_aes    A dictionary of HLS AES-128 decryption information
+                                 used by the native HLS downloader to override the
+                                 values in the media playlist when an '#EXT-X-KEY' tag
+                                 is present in the playlist:
+                                 * uri  The URI from which the key will be downloaded
+                                 * key  The key (as hex) used to decrypt fragments.
+                                        If `key` is given, any key URI will be ignored
+                                 * iv   The IV (as hex) used to decrypt fragments
                     * downloader_options  A dictionary of downloader options
                                  (For internal use only)
                                  * http_chunk_size Chunk size for HTTP downloads
@@ -282,6 +303,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                     captions instead of normal subtitles
     duration:       Length of the video in seconds, as an integer or float.
     view_count:     How many users have watched the video on the platform.
+    concurrent_view_count: How many users are currently watching the video on the platform.
     like_count:     Number of positive ratings of the video
     dislike_count:  Number of negative ratings of the video
     repost_count:   Number of reposts of the video
@@ -337,6 +359,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                     'unlisted' or 'public'. Use 'InfoExtractor._availability'
                     to set it
     _old_archive_ids: A list of old archive ids needed for backward compatibility
+    _format_sort_fields: A list of fields to use for sorting formats
     __post_extractor: A function to be called just before the metadata is
                     written to either disk, logger or console. The function
                     must return a dict which will be added to the info_dict.
@@ -666,7 +689,8 @@ class InfoExtractor:
             for _ in range(2):
                 try:
                     self.initialize()
-                    self.write_debug('Extracting URL: %s' % url)
+                    self.to_screen('Extracting URL: %s' % (
+                        url if self.get_param('verbose') else truncate_string(url, 100, 20)))
                     ie_result = self._real_extract(url)
                     if ie_result is None:
                         return None
@@ -684,16 +708,10 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         except UnsupportedError:
             raise
         except ExtractorError as e:
-            kwargs = {
-                'video_id': e.video_id or self.get_temp_id(url),
-                'ie': self.IE_NAME,
-                'tb': e.traceback or sys.exc_info()[2],
-                'expected': e.expected,
-                'cause': e.cause
-            }
-            if hasattr(e, 'countries'):
-                kwargs['countries'] = e.countries
-            raise type(e)(e.orig_msg, **kwargs)
+            e.video_id = e.video_id or self.get_temp_id(url),
+            e.ie = e.ie or self.IE_NAME,
+            e.traceback = e.traceback or sys.exc_info()[2]
+            raise
         except http.client.IncompleteRead as e:
             raise ExtractorError('A network error has occurred.', cause=e, expected=True, video_id=self.get_temp_id(url))
         except (KeyError, StopIteration) as e:
@@ -1104,7 +1122,9 @@ class InfoExtractor:
             return self._downloader.params.get(name, default, *args, **kwargs)
         return default
 
-    def report_drm(self, video_id, partial=False):
+    def report_drm(self, video_id, partial=NO_DEFAULT):
+        if partial is not NO_DEFAULT:
+            self._downloader.deprecation_warning('InfoExtractor.report_drm no longer accepts the argument partial')
         self.raise_no_formats('This video is DRM protected', expected=True, video_id=video_id)
 
     def report_extraction(self, id_or_name):
@@ -1225,7 +1245,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
             return None
 
     def _search_json(self, start_pattern, string, name, video_id, *, end_pattern='',
-                     contains_pattern='(?s:.+)', fatal=True, default=NO_DEFAULT, **kwargs):
+                     contains_pattern=r'{(?s:.+)}', fatal=True, default=NO_DEFAULT, **kwargs):
         """Searches string for the JSON object specified by start_pattern"""
         # NB: end_pattern is only used to reduce the size of the initial match
         if default is NO_DEFAULT:
@@ -1234,7 +1254,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
             fatal, has_default = False, True
 
         json_string = self._search_regex(
-            rf'{start_pattern}\s*(?P<json>{{\s*{contains_pattern}\s*}})\s*{end_pattern}',
+            rf'(?:{start_pattern})\s*(?P<json>{contains_pattern})\s*(?:{end_pattern})',
             string, name, group='json', fatal=fatal, default=None if has_default else NO_DEFAULT)
         if not json_string:
             return default
@@ -1256,10 +1276,9 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         Like _search_regex, but strips HTML tags and unescapes entities.
         """
         res = self._search_regex(pattern, string, name, default, fatal, flags, group)
-        if res:
-            return clean_html(res).strip()
-        else:
-            return res
+        if isinstance(res, tuple):
+            return tuple(map(clean_html, res))
+        return clean_html(res)
 
     def _get_netrc_login_info(self, netrc_machine=None):
         username = None
@@ -1320,7 +1339,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
     # Helper functions for extracting OpenGraph info
     @staticmethod
     def _og_regexes(prop):
-        content_re = r'content=(?:"([^"]+?)"|\'([^\']+?)\'|\s*([^\s"\'=<>`]+?))'
+        content_re = r'content=(?:"([^"]+?)"|\'([^\']+?)\'|\s*([^\s"\'=<>`]+?)(?=\s|/?>))'
         property_re = (r'(?:name|property)=(?:\'og%(sep)s%(prop)s\'|"og%(sep)s%(prop)s"|\s*og%(sep)s%(prop)s\b)'
                        % {'prop': re.escape(prop), 'sep': '(?:&#x3A;|[:-])'})
         template = r'<meta[^>]+?%s[^>]+?%s'
@@ -1390,10 +1409,16 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         # And then there are the jokers who advertise that they use RTA, but actually don't.
         AGE_LIMIT_MARKERS = [
             r'Proudly Labeled <a href="http://www\.rtalabel\.org/" title="Restricted to Adults">RTA</a>',
+            r'>[^<]*you acknowledge you are at least (\d+) years old',
+            r'>\s*(?:18\s+U(?:\.S\.C\.|SC)\s+)?(?:§+\s*)?2257\b',
         ]
-        if any(re.search(marker, html) for marker in AGE_LIMIT_MARKERS):
-            return 18
-        return 0
+
+        age_limit = 0
+        for marker in AGE_LIMIT_MARKERS:
+            mobj = re.search(marker, html)
+            if mobj:
+                age_limit = max(age_limit, int(traverse_obj(mobj, 1, default=18)))
+        return age_limit
 
     def _media_rating_search(self, html):
         # See http://www.tjg-designs.com/WP/metadata-code-examples-adding-metadata-to-your-web-pages/
@@ -1464,10 +1489,6 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         if not json_ld:
             return {}
         info = {}
-        if not isinstance(json_ld, (list, tuple, dict)):
-            return info
-        if isinstance(json_ld, dict):
-            json_ld = [json_ld]
 
         INTERACTION_TYPE_MAP = {
             'CommentAction': 'comment',
@@ -1534,10 +1555,10 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                 info['chapters'] = chapters
 
         def extract_video_object(e):
-            assert is_type(e, 'VideoObject')
             author = e.get('author')
             info.update({
                 'url': url_or_none(e.get('contentUrl')),
+                'ext': mimetype2ext(e.get('encodingFormat')),
                 'title': unescapeHTML(e.get('name')),
                 'description': unescapeHTML(e.get('description')),
                 'thumbnails': [{'url': unescapeHTML(url)}
@@ -1550,22 +1571,31 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                 # however some websites are using 'Text' type instead.
                 # 1. https://schema.org/VideoObject
                 'uploader': author.get('name') if isinstance(author, dict) else author if isinstance(author, str) else None,
+                'artist': traverse_obj(e, ('byArtist', 'name'), expected_type=str),
                 'filesize': int_or_none(float_or_none(e.get('contentSize'))),
                 'tbr': int_or_none(e.get('bitrate')),
                 'width': int_or_none(e.get('width')),
                 'height': int_or_none(e.get('height')),
                 'view_count': int_or_none(e.get('interactionCount')),
+                'tags': try_call(lambda: e.get('keywords').split(',')),
             })
+            if is_type(e, 'AudioObject'):
+                info.update({
+                    'vcodec': 'none',
+                    'abr': int_or_none(e.get('bitrate')),
+                })
             extract_interaction_statistic(e)
             extract_chapter_information(e)
 
         def traverse_json_ld(json_ld, at_top_level=True):
-            for e in json_ld:
+            for e in variadic(json_ld):
+                if not isinstance(e, dict):
+                    continue
                 if at_top_level and '@context' not in e:
                     continue
                 if at_top_level and set(e.keys()) == {'@context', '@graph'}:
-                    traverse_json_ld(variadic(e['@graph'], allowed_types=(dict,)), at_top_level=False)
-                    break
+                    traverse_json_ld(e['@graph'], at_top_level=False)
+                    continue
                 if expected_type is not None and not is_type(e, expected_type):
                     continue
                 rating = traverse_obj(e, ('aggregateRating', 'ratingValue'), expected_type=float_or_none)
@@ -1606,7 +1636,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                         extract_video_object(e['video'][0])
                     elif is_type(traverse_obj(e, ('subjectOf', 0)), 'VideoObject'):
                         extract_video_object(e['subjectOf'][0])
-                elif is_type(e, 'VideoObject'):
+                elif is_type(e, 'VideoObject', 'AudioObject'):
                     extract_video_object(e)
                     if expected_type is None:
                         continue
@@ -1619,8 +1649,8 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                     continue
                 else:
                     break
-        traverse_json_ld(json_ld)
 
+        traverse_json_ld(json_ld)
         return filter_dict(info)
 
     def _search_nextjs_data(self, webpage, video_id, *, transform_source=None, fatal=True, **kw):
@@ -1636,13 +1666,13 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         FUNCTION_RE = r'\(function\((?P<arg_keys>.*?)\){return\s+(?P<js>{.*?})\s*;?\s*}\((?P<arg_vals>.*?)\)'
         js, arg_keys, arg_vals = self._search_regex(
             (rf'<script>\s*window\.{rectx}={FUNCTION_RE}\s*\)\s*;?\s*</script>', rf'{rectx}\(.*?{FUNCTION_RE}'),
-            webpage, context_name, group=('js', 'arg_keys', 'arg_vals'), fatal=fatal)
+            webpage, context_name, group=('js', 'arg_keys', 'arg_vals'),
+            default=NO_DEFAULT if fatal else (None, None, None))
+        if js is None:
+            return {}
 
-        args = dict(zip(arg_keys.split(','), arg_vals.split(',')))
-
-        for key, val in args.items():
-            if val in ('undefined', 'void 0'):
-                args[key] = 'null'
+        args = dict(zip(arg_keys.split(','), map(json.dumps, self._parse_json(
+            f'[{arg_vals}]', video_id, transform_source=js_to_json, fatal=fatal) or ())))
 
         ret = self._parse_json(js, video_id, transform_source=functools.partial(js_to_json, vars=args), fatal=fatal)
         return traverse_obj(ret, traverse) or {}
@@ -1669,295 +1699,27 @@ class InfoExtractor:
             html, '%s form' % form_id, group='form')
         return self._hidden_inputs(form)
 
-    class FormatSort:
-        regex = r' *((?P<reverse>\+)?(?P<field>[a-zA-Z0-9_]+)((?P<separator>[~:])(?P<limit>.*?))?)? *$'
+    @classproperty(cache=True)
+    def FormatSort(cls):
+        class FormatSort(FormatSorter):
+            def __init__(ie, *args, **kwargs):
+                super().__init__(ie._downloader, *args, **kwargs)
 
-        default = ('hidden', 'aud_or_vid', 'hasvid', 'ie_pref', 'lang', 'quality',
-                   'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'vcodec:vp9.2', 'channels', 'acodec',
-                   'size', 'br', 'asr', 'proto', 'ext', 'hasaud', 'source', 'id')  # These must not be aliases
-        ytdl_default = ('hasaud', 'lang', 'quality', 'tbr', 'filesize', 'vbr',
-                        'height', 'width', 'proto', 'vext', 'abr', 'aext',
-                        'fps', 'fs_approx', 'source', 'id')
-
-        settings = {
-            'vcodec': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True,
-                       'order': ['av0?1', 'vp0?9.2', 'vp0?9', '[hx]265|he?vc?', '[hx]264|avc', 'vp0?8', 'mp4v|h263', 'theora', '', None, 'none']},
-            'acodec': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True,
-                       'order': ['[af]lac', 'wav|aiff', 'opus', 'vorbis|ogg', 'aac', 'mp?4a?', 'mp3', 'e-?a?c-?3', 'ac-?3', 'dts', '', None, 'none']},
-            'hdr': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True, 'field': 'dynamic_range',
-                    'order': ['dv', '(hdr)?12', r'(hdr)?10\+', '(hdr)?10', 'hlg', '', 'sdr', None]},
-            'proto': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True, 'field': 'protocol',
-                      'order': ['(ht|f)tps', '(ht|f)tp$', 'm3u8.*', '.*dash', 'websocket_frag', 'rtmpe?', '', 'mms|rtsp', 'ws|websocket', 'f4']},
-            'vext': {'type': 'ordered', 'field': 'video_ext',
-                     'order': ('mp4', 'webm', 'flv', '', 'none'),
-                     'order_free': ('webm', 'mp4', 'flv', '', 'none')},
-            'aext': {'type': 'ordered', 'field': 'audio_ext',
-                     'order': ('m4a', 'aac', 'mp3', 'ogg', 'opus', 'webm', '', 'none'),
-                     'order_free': ('ogg', 'opus', 'webm', 'mp3', 'm4a', 'aac', '', 'none')},
-            'hidden': {'visible': False, 'forced': True, 'type': 'extractor', 'max': -1000},
-            'aud_or_vid': {'visible': False, 'forced': True, 'type': 'multiple',
-                           'field': ('vcodec', 'acodec'),
-                           'function': lambda it: int(any(v != 'none' for v in it))},
-            'ie_pref': {'priority': True, 'type': 'extractor'},
-            'hasvid': {'priority': True, 'field': 'vcodec', 'type': 'boolean', 'not_in_list': ('none',)},
-            'hasaud': {'field': 'acodec', 'type': 'boolean', 'not_in_list': ('none',)},
-            'lang': {'convert': 'float', 'field': 'language_preference', 'default': -1},
-            'quality': {'convert': 'float', 'default': -1},
-            'filesize': {'convert': 'bytes'},
-            'fs_approx': {'convert': 'bytes', 'field': 'filesize_approx'},
-            'id': {'convert': 'string', 'field': 'format_id'},
-            'height': {'convert': 'float_none'},
-            'width': {'convert': 'float_none'},
-            'fps': {'convert': 'float_none'},
-            'channels': {'convert': 'float_none', 'field': 'audio_channels'},
-            'tbr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
-            'vbr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
-            'abr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
-            'asr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
-            'source': {'convert': 'float', 'field': 'source_preference', 'default': -1},
-
-            'codec': {'type': 'combined', 'field': ('vcodec', 'acodec')},
-            'br': {'type': 'combined', 'field': ('tbr', 'vbr', 'abr'), 'same_limit': True},
-            'size': {'type': 'combined', 'same_limit': True, 'field': ('filesize', 'fs_approx')},
-            'ext': {'type': 'combined', 'field': ('vext', 'aext')},
-            'res': {'type': 'multiple', 'field': ('height', 'width'),
-                    'function': lambda it: (lambda l: min(l) if l else 0)(tuple(filter(None, it)))},
-
-            # Actual field names
-            'format_id': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'id'},
-            'preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ie_pref'},
-            'language_preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'lang'},
-            'source_preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'source'},
-            'protocol': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'proto'},
-            'filesize_approx': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'fs_approx'},
-            'audio_channels': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'channels'},
-
-            # Deprecated
-            'dimension': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'res', 'deprecated': True},
-            'resolution': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'res', 'deprecated': True},
-            'extension': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ext', 'deprecated': True},
-            'bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'br', 'deprecated': True},
-            'total_bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'tbr', 'deprecated': True},
-            'video_bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'vbr', 'deprecated': True},
-            'audio_bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'abr', 'deprecated': True},
-            'framerate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'fps', 'deprecated': True},
-            'filesize_estimate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'size', 'deprecated': True},
-            'samplerate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'asr', 'deprecated': True},
-            'video_ext': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'vext', 'deprecated': True},
-            'audio_ext': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'aext', 'deprecated': True},
-            'video_codec': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'vcodec', 'deprecated': True},
-            'audio_codec': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'acodec', 'deprecated': True},
-            'video': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasvid', 'deprecated': True},
-            'has_video': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasvid', 'deprecated': True},
-            'audio': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasaud', 'deprecated': True},
-            'has_audio': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasaud', 'deprecated': True},
-            'extractor': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ie_pref', 'deprecated': True},
-            'extractor_preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ie_pref', 'deprecated': True},
-        }
-
-        def __init__(self, ie, field_preference):
-            self._order = []
-            self.ydl = ie._downloader
-            self.evaluate_params(self.ydl.params, field_preference)
-            if ie.get_param('verbose'):
-                self.print_verbose_info(self.ydl.write_debug)
-
-        def _get_field_setting(self, field, key):
-            if field not in self.settings:
-                if key in ('forced', 'priority'):
-                    return False
-                self.ydl.deprecated_feature(f'Using arbitrary fields ({field}) for format sorting is '
-                                            'deprecated and may be removed in a future version')
-                self.settings[field] = {}
-            propObj = self.settings[field]
-            if key not in propObj:
-                type = propObj.get('type')
-                if key == 'field':
-                    default = 'preference' if type == 'extractor' else (field,) if type in ('combined', 'multiple') else field
-                elif key == 'convert':
-                    default = 'order' if type == 'ordered' else 'float_string' if field else 'ignore'
-                else:
-                    default = {'type': 'field', 'visible': True, 'order': [], 'not_in_list': (None,)}.get(key, None)
-                propObj[key] = default
-            return propObj[key]
-
-        def _resolve_field_value(self, field, value, convertNone=False):
-            if value is None:
-                if not convertNone:
-                    return None
-            else:
-                value = value.lower()
-            conversion = self._get_field_setting(field, 'convert')
-            if conversion == 'ignore':
-                return None
-            if conversion == 'string':
-                return value
-            elif conversion == 'float_none':
-                return float_or_none(value)
-            elif conversion == 'bytes':
-                return FileDownloader.parse_bytes(value)
-            elif conversion == 'order':
-                order_list = (self._use_free_order and self._get_field_setting(field, 'order_free')) or self._get_field_setting(field, 'order')
-                use_regex = self._get_field_setting(field, 'regex')
-                list_length = len(order_list)
-                empty_pos = order_list.index('') if '' in order_list else list_length + 1
-                if use_regex and value is not None:
-                    for i, regex in enumerate(order_list):
-                        if regex and re.match(regex, value):
-                            return list_length - i
-                    return list_length - empty_pos  # not in list
-                else:  # not regex or  value = None
-                    return list_length - (order_list.index(value) if value in order_list else empty_pos)
-            else:
-                if value.isnumeric():
-                    return float(value)
-                else:
-                    self.settings[field]['convert'] = 'string'
-                    return value
-
-        def evaluate_params(self, params, sort_extractor):
-            self._use_free_order = params.get('prefer_free_formats', False)
-            self._sort_user = params.get('format_sort', [])
-            self._sort_extractor = sort_extractor
-
-            def add_item(field, reverse, closest, limit_text):
-                field = field.lower()
-                if field in self._order:
-                    return
-                self._order.append(field)
-                limit = self._resolve_field_value(field, limit_text)
-                data = {
-                    'reverse': reverse,
-                    'closest': False if limit is None else closest,
-                    'limit_text': limit_text,
-                    'limit': limit}
-                if field in self.settings:
-                    self.settings[field].update(data)
-                else:
-                    self.settings[field] = data
-
-            sort_list = (
-                tuple(field for field in self.default if self._get_field_setting(field, 'forced'))
-                + (tuple() if params.get('format_sort_force', False)
-                   else tuple(field for field in self.default if self._get_field_setting(field, 'priority')))
-                + tuple(self._sort_user) + tuple(sort_extractor) + self.default)
-
-            for item in sort_list:
-                match = re.match(self.regex, item)
-                if match is None:
-                    raise ExtractorError('Invalid format sort string "%s" given by extractor' % item)
-                field = match.group('field')
-                if field is None:
-                    continue
-                if self._get_field_setting(field, 'type') == 'alias':
-                    alias, field = field, self._get_field_setting(field, 'field')
-                    if self._get_field_setting(alias, 'deprecated'):
-                        self.ydl.deprecated_feature(f'Format sorting alias {alias} is deprecated and may '
-                                                    'be removed in a future version. Please use {field} instead')
-                reverse = match.group('reverse') is not None
-                closest = match.group('separator') == '~'
-                limit_text = match.group('limit')
-
-                has_limit = limit_text is not None
-                has_multiple_fields = self._get_field_setting(field, 'type') == 'combined'
-                has_multiple_limits = has_limit and has_multiple_fields and not self._get_field_setting(field, 'same_limit')
-
-                fields = self._get_field_setting(field, 'field') if has_multiple_fields else (field,)
-                limits = limit_text.split(':') if has_multiple_limits else (limit_text,) if has_limit else tuple()
-                limit_count = len(limits)
-                for (i, f) in enumerate(fields):
-                    add_item(f, reverse, closest,
-                             limits[i] if i < limit_count
-                             else limits[0] if has_limit and not has_multiple_limits
-                             else None)
-
-        def print_verbose_info(self, write_debug):
-            if self._sort_user:
-                write_debug('Sort order given by user: %s' % ', '.join(self._sort_user))
-            if self._sort_extractor:
-                write_debug('Sort order given by extractor: %s' % ', '.join(self._sort_extractor))
-            write_debug('Formats sorted by: %s' % ', '.join(['%s%s%s' % (
-                '+' if self._get_field_setting(field, 'reverse') else '', field,
-                '%s%s(%s)' % ('~' if self._get_field_setting(field, 'closest') else ':',
-                              self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit_text'),
-                              self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit'))
-                if self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit_text') is not None else '')
-                for field in self._order if self._get_field_setting(field, 'visible')]))
-
-        def _calculate_field_preference_from_value(self, format, field, type, value):
-            reverse = self._get_field_setting(field, 'reverse')
-            closest = self._get_field_setting(field, 'closest')
-            limit = self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit')
-
-            if type == 'extractor':
-                maximum = self._get_field_setting(field, 'max')
-                if value is None or (maximum is not None and value >= maximum):
-                    value = -1
-            elif type == 'boolean':
-                in_list = self._get_field_setting(field, 'in_list')
-                not_in_list = self._get_field_setting(field, 'not_in_list')
-                value = 0 if ((in_list is None or value in in_list) and (not_in_list is None or value not in not_in_list)) else -1
-            elif type == 'ordered':
-                value = self._resolve_field_value(field, value, True)
-
-            # try to convert to number
-            val_num = float_or_none(value, default=self._get_field_setting(field, 'default'))
-            is_num = self._get_field_setting(field, 'convert') != 'string' and val_num is not None
-            if is_num:
-                value = val_num
-
-            return ((-10, 0) if value is None
-                    else (1, value, 0) if not is_num  # if a field has mixed strings and numbers, strings are sorted higher
-                    else (0, -abs(value - limit), value - limit if reverse else limit - value) if closest
-                    else (0, value, 0) if not reverse and (limit is None or value <= limit)
-                    else (0, -value, 0) if limit is None or (reverse and value == limit) or value > limit
-                    else (-1, value, 0))
-
-        def _calculate_field_preference(self, format, field):
-            type = self._get_field_setting(field, 'type')  # extractor, boolean, ordered, field, multiple
-            get_value = lambda f: format.get(self._get_field_setting(f, 'field'))
-            if type == 'multiple':
-                type = 'field'  # Only 'field' is allowed in multiple for now
-                actual_fields = self._get_field_setting(field, 'field')
-
-                value = self._get_field_setting(field, 'function')(get_value(f) for f in actual_fields)
-            else:
-                value = get_value(field)
-            return self._calculate_field_preference_from_value(format, field, type, value)
-
-        def calculate_preference(self, format):
-            # Determine missing protocol
-            if not format.get('protocol'):
-                format['protocol'] = determine_protocol(format)
-
-            # Determine missing ext
-            if not format.get('ext') and 'url' in format:
-                format['ext'] = determine_ext(format['url'])
-            if format.get('vcodec') == 'none':
-                format['audio_ext'] = format['ext'] if format.get('acodec') != 'none' else 'none'
-                format['video_ext'] = 'none'
-            else:
-                format['video_ext'] = format['ext']
-                format['audio_ext'] = 'none'
-            # if format.get('preference') is None and format.get('ext') in ('f4f', 'f4m'):  # Not supported?
-            #    format['preference'] = -1000
-
-            # Determine missing bitrates
-            if format.get('tbr') is None:
-                if format.get('vbr') is not None and format.get('abr') is not None:
-                    format['tbr'] = format.get('vbr', 0) + format.get('abr', 0)
-            else:
-                if format.get('vcodec') != 'none' and format.get('vbr') is None:
-                    format['vbr'] = format.get('tbr') - format.get('abr', 0)
-                if format.get('acodec') != 'none' and format.get('abr') is None:
-                    format['abr'] = format.get('tbr') - format.get('vbr', 0)
-
-            return tuple(self._calculate_field_preference(format, field) for field in self._order)
+        deprecation_warning(
+            'yt_dlp.InfoExtractor.FormatSort is deprecated and may be removed in the future. '
+            'Use yt_dlp.utils.FormatSorter instead')
+        return FormatSort
 
     def _sort_formats(self, formats, field_preference=[]):
-        if not formats:
+        if not field_preference:
+            self._downloader.deprecation_warning(
+                'yt_dlp.InfoExtractor._sort_formats is deprecated and is no longer required')
             return
-        formats.sort(key=self.FormatSort(self, field_preference).calculate_preference)
+        self._downloader.deprecation_warning(
+            'yt_dlp.InfoExtractor._sort_formats is deprecated and no longer works as expected. '
+            'Return _format_sort_fields in the info_dict instead')
+        if formats:
+            formats[0]['__sort_fields'] = field_preference
 
     def _check_formats(self, formats, video_id):
         if formats:
@@ -2013,6 +1775,9 @@ class InfoExtractor:
     def _extract_f4m_formats(self, manifest_url, video_id, preference=None, quality=None, f4m_id=None,
                              transform_source=lambda s: fix_xml_ampersands(s).strip(),
                              fatal=True, m3u8_id=None, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
+        if self.get_param('ignore_no_formats_error'):
+            fatal = False
+
         res = self._download_xml_handle(
             manifest_url, video_id, 'Downloading f4m manifest',
             'Unable to download f4m manifest',
@@ -2162,6 +1927,17 @@ class InfoExtractor:
             errnote=None, fatal=True, live=False, data=None, headers={},
             query={}):
 
+        if self.get_param('ignore_no_formats_error'):
+            fatal = False
+
+        if not m3u8_url:
+            if errnote is not False:
+                errnote = errnote or 'Failed to obtain m3u8 URL'
+                if fatal:
+                    raise ExtractorError(errnote, video_id=video_id)
+                self.report_warning(f'{errnote}{bug_reports_message()}')
+            return [], {}
+
         res = self._download_webpage_handle(
             m3u8_url, video_id,
             note='Downloading m3u8 information' if note is None else note,
@@ -2288,6 +2064,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                     'protocol': entry_protocol,
                     'preference': preference,
                     'quality': quality,
+                    'has_drm': has_drm,
                     'vcodec': 'none' if media_type == 'AUDIO' else None,
                 } for idx in _extract_m3u8_playlist_indices(manifest_url))
 
@@ -2347,6 +2124,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                         'protocol': entry_protocol,
                         'preference': preference,
                         'quality': quality,
+                        'has_drm': has_drm,
                     }
                     resolution = last_stream_inf.get('RESOLUTION')
                     if resolution:
@@ -2413,13 +2191,23 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         return self._parse_m3u8_vod_duration(m3u8_vod or '', video_id)
 
     def _parse_m3u8_vod_duration(self, m3u8_vod, video_id):
-        if '#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:VOD' not in m3u8_vod:
+        if '#EXT-X-ENDLIST' not in m3u8_vod:
             return None
 
         return int(sum(
             float(line[len('#EXTINF:'):].split(',')[0])
             for line in m3u8_vod.splitlines() if line.startswith('#EXTINF:'))) or None
 
+    def _extract_mpd_vod_duration(
+            self, mpd_url, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
+
+        mpd_doc = self._download_xml(
+            mpd_url, video_id,
+            note='Downloading MPD VOD manifest' if note is None else note,
+            errnote='Failed to download VOD manifest' if errnote is None else errnote,
+            fatal=False, data=data, headers=headers, query=query) or {}
+        return int_or_none(parse_duration(mpd_doc.get('mediaPresentationDuration')))
+
     @staticmethod
     def _xpath_ns(path, namespace=None):
         if not namespace:
@@ -2433,6 +2221,9 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         return '/'.join(out)
 
     def _extract_smil_formats_and_subtitles(self, smil_url, video_id, fatal=True, f4m_params=None, transform_source=None):
+        if self.get_param('ignore_no_formats_error'):
+            fatal = False
+
         res = self._download_smil(smil_url, video_id, fatal=fatal, transform_source=transform_source)
         if res is False:
             assert not fatal
@@ -2543,7 +2334,8 @@ class InfoExtractor:
             height = int_or_none(medium.get('height'))
             proto = medium.get('proto')
             ext = medium.get('ext')
-            src_ext = determine_ext(src)
+            src_ext = determine_ext(src, default_ext=None) or ext or urlhandle_detect_ext(
+                self._request_webpage(HEADRequest(src), video_id, note='Requesting extension info', fatal=False))
             streamer = medium.get('streamer') or base
 
             if proto == 'rtmp' or streamer.startswith('rtmp'):
@@ -2688,7 +2480,6 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                     'width': int_or_none(location.get(xpath_with_ns('s1:width', NS_MAP))),
                     'height': int_or_none(location.get(xpath_with_ns('s1:height', NS_MAP))),
                 })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             entries.append({
                 'id': playlist_id,
@@ -2709,6 +2500,10 @@ class InfoExtractor:
     def _extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
             self, mpd_url, video_id, mpd_id=None, note=None, errnote=None,
             fatal=True, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
+
+        if self.get_param('ignore_no_formats_error'):
+            fatal = False
+
         res = self._download_xml_handle(
             mpd_url, video_id,
             note='Downloading MPD manifest' if note is None else note,
@@ -3078,6 +2873,9 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         return fmts
 
     def _extract_ism_formats_and_subtitles(self, ism_url, video_id, ism_id=None, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True, data=None, headers={}, query={}):
+        if self.get_param('ignore_no_formats_error'):
+            fatal = False
+
         res = self._download_xml_handle(
             ism_url, video_id,
             note='Downloading ISM manifest' if note is None else note,
@@ -3115,9 +2913,10 @@ class InfoExtractor:
             stream_name = stream.get('Name')
             stream_language = stream.get('Language', 'und')
             for track in stream.findall('QualityLevel'):
-                fourcc = track.get('FourCC') or ('AACL' if track.get('AudioTag') == '255' else None)
+                KNOWN_TAGS = {'255': 'AACL', '65534': 'EC-3'}
+                fourcc = track.get('FourCC') or KNOWN_TAGS.get(track.get('AudioTag'))
                 # TODO: add support for WVC1 and WMAP
-                if fourcc not in ('H264', 'AVC1', 'AACL', 'TTML'):
+                if fourcc not in ('H264', 'AVC1', 'AACL', 'TTML', 'EC-3'):
                     self.report_warning('%s is not a supported codec' % fourcc)
                     continue
                 tbr = int(track.attrib['Bitrate']) // 1000
@@ -3446,7 +3245,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
 
     def _find_jwplayer_data(self, webpage, video_id=None, transform_source=js_to_json):
         mobj = re.search(
-            r'(?s)jwplayer\((?P<quote>[\'"])[^\'" ]+(?P=quote)\)(?!</script>).*?\.setup\s*\((?P<options>[^)]+)\)',
+            r'''(?s)jwplayer\s*\(\s*(?P<q>'|")(?!(?P=q)).+(?P=q)\s*\)(?!</script>).*?\.\s*setup\s*\(\s*(?P<options>(?:\([^)]*\)|[^)])+)\s*\)''',
             webpage)
         if mobj:
             try:
@@ -3467,19 +3266,20 @@ class InfoExtractor:
 
     def _parse_jwplayer_data(self, jwplayer_data, video_id=None, require_title=True,
                              m3u8_id=None, mpd_id=None, rtmp_params=None, base_url=None):
-        # JWPlayer backward compatibility: flattened playlists
-        # https://github.com/jwplayer/jwplayer/blob/v7.4.3/src/js/api/config.js#L81-L96
-        if 'playlist' not in jwplayer_data:
-            jwplayer_data = {'playlist': [jwplayer_data]}
-
         entries = []
+        if not isinstance(jwplayer_data, dict):
+            return entries
 
-        # JWPlayer backward compatibility: single playlist item
+        playlist_items = jwplayer_data.get('playlist')
+        # JWPlayer backward compatibility: single playlist item/flattened playlists
         # https://github.com/jwplayer/jwplayer/blob/v7.7.0/src/js/playlist/playlist.js#L10
-        if not isinstance(jwplayer_data['playlist'], list):
-            jwplayer_data['playlist'] = [jwplayer_data['playlist']]
+        # https://github.com/jwplayer/jwplayer/blob/v7.4.3/src/js/api/config.js#L81-L96
+        if not isinstance(playlist_items, list):
+            playlist_items = (playlist_items or jwplayer_data, )
 
-        for video_data in jwplayer_data['playlist']:
+        for video_data in playlist_items:
+            if not isinstance(video_data, dict):
+                continue
             # JWPlayer backward compatibility: flattened sources
             # https://github.com/jwplayer/jwplayer/blob/v7.4.3/src/js/playlist/item.js#L29-L35
             if 'sources' not in video_data:
@@ -3517,6 +3317,13 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                 'timestamp': int_or_none(video_data.get('pubdate')),
                 'duration': float_or_none(jwplayer_data.get('duration') or video_data.get('duration')),
                 'subtitles': subtitles,
+                'alt_title': clean_html(video_data.get('subtitle')),  # attributes used e.g. by Tele5 ...
+                'genre': clean_html(video_data.get('genre')),
+                'channel': clean_html(dict_get(video_data, ('category', 'channel'))),
+                'season_number': int_or_none(video_data.get('season')),
+                'episode_number': int_or_none(video_data.get('episode')),
+                'release_year': int_or_none(video_data.get('releasedate')),
+                'age_limit': int_or_none(video_data.get('age_restriction')),
             }
             # https://github.com/jwplayer/jwplayer/blob/master/src/js/utils/validator.js#L32
             if len(formats) == 1 and re.search(r'^(?:http|//).*(?:youtube\.com|youtu\.be)/.+', formats[0]['url']):
@@ -3525,7 +3332,6 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                     'url': formats[0]['url'],
                 })
             else:
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
                 entry['formats'] = formats
             entries.append(entry)
         if len(entries) == 1:
@@ -3535,7 +3341,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
 
     def _parse_jwplayer_formats(self, jwplayer_sources_data, video_id=None,
                                 m3u8_id=None, mpd_id=None, rtmp_params=None, base_url=None):
-        urls = []
+        urls = set()
         formats = []
         for source in jwplayer_sources_data:
             if not isinstance(source, dict):
@@ -3544,14 +3350,14 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                 base_url, self._proto_relative_url(source.get('file')))
             if not source_url or source_url in urls:
                 continue
-            urls.append(source_url)
+            urls.add(source_url)
             source_type = source.get('type') or ''
             ext = mimetype2ext(source_type) or determine_ext(source_url)
-            if source_type == 'hls' or ext == 'm3u8':
+            if source_type == 'hls' or ext == 'm3u8' or 'format=m3u8-aapl' in source_url:
                 formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                     source_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
                     m3u8_id=m3u8_id, fatal=False))
-            elif source_type == 'dash' or ext == 'mpd':
+            elif source_type == 'dash' or ext == 'mpd' or 'format=mpd-time-csf' in source_url:
                 formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
                     source_url, video_id, mpd_id=mpd_id, fatal=False))
             elif ext == 'smil':
@@ -3566,19 +3372,20 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                     'ext': ext,
                 })
             else:
+                format_id = str_or_none(source.get('label'))
                 height = int_or_none(source.get('height'))
-                if height is None:
+                if height is None and format_id:
                     # Often no height is provided but there is a label in
                     # format like "1080p", "720p SD", or 1080.
-                    height = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
-                        r'^(\d{3,4})[pP]?(?:\b|$)', str(source.get('label') or ''),
-                        'height', default=None))
+                    height = parse_resolution(format_id).get('height')
                 a_format = {
                     'url': source_url,
                     'width': int_or_none(source.get('width')),
                     'height': height,
-                    'tbr': int_or_none(source.get('bitrate')),
+                    'tbr': int_or_none(source.get('bitrate'), scale=1000),
+                    'filesize': int_or_none(source.get('filesize')),
                     'ext': ext,
+                    'format_id': format_id
                 }
                 if source_url.startswith('rtmp'):
                     a_format['ext'] = 'flv'
@@ -3631,7 +3438,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
 
     def _get_cookies(self, url):
         """ Return a http.cookies.SimpleCookie with the cookies for the url """
-        return http.cookies.SimpleCookie(self._downloader._calc_cookies(url))
+        return LenientSimpleCookie(self._downloader._calc_cookies(url))
 
     def _apply_first_set_cookie_header(self, url_handle, cookie):
         """
@@ -3660,32 +3467,55 @@ class InfoExtractor:
 
     @classmethod
     def get_testcases(cls, include_onlymatching=False):
-        t = getattr(cls, '_TEST', None)
+        # Do not look in super classes
+        t = vars(cls).get('_TEST')
         if t:
             assert not hasattr(cls, '_TESTS'), f'{cls.ie_key()}IE has _TEST and _TESTS'
             tests = [t]
         else:
-            tests = getattr(cls, '_TESTS', [])
+            tests = vars(cls).get('_TESTS', [])
         for t in tests:
             if not include_onlymatching and t.get('only_matching', False):
                 continue
             t['name'] = cls.ie_key()
             yield t
+        if getattr(cls, '__wrapped__', None):
+            yield from cls.__wrapped__.get_testcases(include_onlymatching)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_webpage_testcases(cls):
-        tests = getattr(cls, '_WEBPAGE_TESTS', [])
+        tests = vars(cls).get('_WEBPAGE_TESTS', [])
         for t in tests:
             t['name'] = cls.ie_key()
-        return tests
+            yield t
+        if getattr(cls, '__wrapped__', None):
+            yield from cls.__wrapped__.get_webpage_testcases()
 
-    @classproperty
+    @classproperty(cache=True)
     def age_limit(cls):
         """Get age limit from the testcases"""
         return max(traverse_obj(
             (*cls.get_testcases(include_onlymatching=False), *cls.get_webpage_testcases()),
             (..., (('playlist', 0), None), 'info_dict', 'age_limit')) or [0])
 
+    @classproperty(cache=True)
+    def _RETURN_TYPE(cls):
+        """What the extractor returns: "video", "playlist", "any", or None (Unknown)"""
+        tests = tuple(cls.get_testcases(include_onlymatching=False))
+        if not tests:
+            return None
+        elif not any(k.startswith('playlist') for test in tests for k in test):
+            return 'video'
+        elif all(any(k.startswith('playlist') for k in test) for test in tests):
+            return 'playlist'
+        return 'any'
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_single_video(cls, url):
+        """Returns whether the URL is of a single video, None if unknown"""
+        assert cls.suitable(url), 'The URL must be suitable for the extractor'
+        return {'video': True, 'playlist': False}.get(cls._RETURN_TYPE)
+
     @classmethod
     def is_suitable(cls, age_limit):
         """Test whether the extractor is generally suitable for the given age limit"""
@@ -3697,7 +3527,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         desc = ''
         if cls._NETRC_MACHINE:
             if markdown:
-                desc += f' [<abbr title="netrc machine"><em>{cls._NETRC_MACHINE}</em></abbr>]'
+                desc += f' [*{cls._NETRC_MACHINE}*](## "netrc machine")'
             else:
                 desc += f' [{cls._NETRC_MACHINE}]'
         if cls.IE_DESC is False:
@@ -3705,14 +3535,15 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         elif cls.IE_DESC:
             desc += f' {cls.IE_DESC}'
         if cls.SEARCH_KEY:
-            desc += f'; "{cls.SEARCH_KEY}:" prefix'
+            desc += f'{";" if cls.IE_DESC else ""} "{cls.SEARCH_KEY}:" prefix'
             if search_examples:
                 _COUNTS = ('', '5', '10', 'all')
                 desc += f' (e.g. "{cls.SEARCH_KEY}{random.choice(_COUNTS)}:{random.choice(search_examples)}")'
         if not cls.working():
             desc += ' (**Currently broken**)' if markdown else ' (Currently broken)'
 
-        name = f' - **{cls.IE_NAME}**' if markdown else cls.IE_NAME
+        # Escape emojis. Ref: https://github.com/github/markup/issues/1153
+        name = (' - **%s**' % re.sub(r':(\w+:)', ':\u200B\\g<1>', cls.IE_NAME)) if markdown else cls.IE_NAME
         return f'{name}:{desc}' if desc else name
 
     def extract_subtitles(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -3724,6 +3555,9 @@ class InfoExtractor:
     def _get_subtitles(self, *args, **kwargs):
         raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
 
+    class CommentsDisabled(Exception):
+        """Raise in _get_comments if comments are disabled for the video"""
+
     def extract_comments(self, *args, **kwargs):
         if not self.get_param('getcomments'):
             return None
@@ -3739,6 +3573,8 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                 interrupted = False
             except KeyboardInterrupt:
                 self.to_screen('Interrupted by user')
+            except self.CommentsDisabled:
+                return {'comments': None, 'comment_count': None}
             except Exception as e:
                 if self.get_param('ignoreerrors') is not True:
                     raise
@@ -3807,9 +3643,43 @@ class InfoExtractor:
     def _generic_id(url):
         return urllib.parse.unquote(os.path.splitext(url.rstrip('/').split('/')[-1])[0])
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def _generic_title(url):
-        return urllib.parse.unquote(os.path.splitext(url_basename(url))[0])
+    def _generic_title(self, url='', webpage='', *, default=None):
+        return (self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None)
+                or self._html_extract_title(webpage, default=None)
+                or urllib.parse.unquote(os.path.splitext(url_basename(url))[0])
+                or default)
+
+    def _extract_chapters_helper(self, chapter_list, start_function, title_function, duration, strict=True):
+        if not duration:
+            return
+        chapter_list = [{
+            'start_time': start_function(chapter),
+            'title': title_function(chapter),
+        } for chapter in chapter_list or []]
+        if not strict:
+            chapter_list.sort(key=lambda c: c['start_time'] or 0)
+
+        chapters = [{'start_time': 0}]
+        for idx, chapter in enumerate(chapter_list):
+            if chapter['start_time'] is None:
+                self.report_warning(f'Incomplete chapter {idx}')
+            elif chapters[-1]['start_time'] <= chapter['start_time'] <= duration:
+                chapters.append(chapter)
+            elif chapter not in chapters:
+                self.report_warning(
+                    f'Invalid start time ({chapter["start_time"]} < {chapters[-1]["start_time"]}) for chapter "{chapter["title"]}"')
+        return chapters[1:]
+
+    def _extract_chapters_from_description(self, description, duration):
+        duration_re = r'(?:\d+:)?\d{1,2}:\d{2}'
+        sep_re = r'(?m)^\s*(%s)\b\W*\s(%s)\s*$'
+        return self._extract_chapters_helper(
+            re.findall(sep_re % (duration_re, r'.+?'), description or ''),
+            start_function=lambda x: parse_duration(x[0]), title_function=lambda x: x[1],
+            duration=duration, strict=False) or self._extract_chapters_helper(
+            re.findall(sep_re % (r'.+?', duration_re), description or ''),
+            start_function=lambda x: parse_duration(x[1]), title_function=lambda x: x[0],
+            duration=duration, strict=False)
 
     @staticmethod
     def _availability(is_private=None, needs_premium=None, needs_subscription=None, needs_auth=None, is_unlisted=None):
@@ -3832,8 +3702,8 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         @param default      The default value to return when the key is not present (default: [])
         @param casesense    When false, the values are converted to lower case
         '''
-        val = traverse_obj(
-            self._downloader.params, ('extractor_args', (ie_key or self.ie_key()).lower(), key))
+        ie_key = ie_key if isinstance(ie_key, str) else (ie_key or self).ie_key()
+        val = traverse_obj(self._downloader.params, ('extractor_args', ie_key.lower(), key))
         if val is None:
             return [] if default is NO_DEFAULT else default
         return list(val) if casesense else [x.lower() for x in val]
@@ -3855,12 +3725,20 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         return True
 
     def _error_or_warning(self, err, _count=None, _retries=0, *, fatal=True):
-        RetryManager.report_retry(err, _count or int(fatal), _retries, info=self.to_screen, warn=self.report_warning,
-                                  sleep_func=self.get_param('retry_sleep_functions', {}).get('extractor'))
+        RetryManager.report_retry(
+            err, _count or int(fatal), _retries,
+            info=self.to_screen, warn=self.report_warning, error=None if fatal else self.report_warning,
+            sleep_func=self.get_param('retry_sleep_functions', {}).get('extractor'))
 
     def RetryManager(self, **kwargs):
         return RetryManager(self.get_param('extractor_retries', 3), self._error_or_warning, **kwargs)
 
+    def _extract_generic_embeds(self, url, *args, info_dict={}, note='Extracting generic embeds', **kwargs):
+        display_id = traverse_obj(info_dict, 'display_id', 'id')
+        self.to_screen(f'{format_field(display_id, None, "%s: ")}{note}')
+        return self._downloader.get_info_extractor('Generic')._extract_embeds(
+            smuggle_url(url, {'block_ies': [self.ie_key()]}), *args, **kwargs)
+
     @classmethod
     def extract_from_webpage(cls, ydl, url, webpage):
         ie = (cls if isinstance(cls._extract_from_webpage, types.MethodType)
@@ -3900,6 +3778,20 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         """Only for compatibility with some older extractors"""
         return next(iter(cls._extract_embed_urls(None, webpage) or []), None)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, *, plugin_name=None, **kwargs):
+        if plugin_name:
+            mro = inspect.getmro(cls)
+            super_class = cls.__wrapped__ = mro[mro.index(cls) + 1]
+            cls.PLUGIN_NAME, cls.ie_key = plugin_name, super_class.ie_key
+            cls.IE_NAME = f'{super_class.IE_NAME}+{plugin_name}'
+            while getattr(super_class, '__wrapped__', None):
+                super_class = super_class.__wrapped__
+            setattr(sys.modules[super_class.__module__], super_class.__name__, cls)
+            _PLUGIN_OVERRIDES[super_class].append(cls)
+
+        return super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+
 
 class SearchInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     """
@@ -3909,6 +3801,7 @@ class SearchInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     """
 
     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
+    _RETURN_TYPE = 'playlist'
 
     @classproperty
     def _VALID_URL(cls):
@@ -3952,3 +3845,6 @@ class UnsupportedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         raise UnsupportedError(url)
+
+
+_PLUGIN_OVERRIDES = collections.defaultdict(list)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/condenast.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/condenast.py
index ffdd820e23..3170c2990e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/condenast.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/condenast.py
@@ -197,7 +197,6 @@ class CondeNastIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'ext': ext,
                 'quality': 1 if quality == 'high' else 0,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for t, caption in video_info.get('captions', {}).items():
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/contv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/contv.py
index 50648a5368..d69e81610b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/contv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/contv.py
@@ -69,8 +69,6 @@ class CONtvIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': media_mp4_url,
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         subtitles = {}
         captions = m_details.get('captions') or {}
         for caption_url in captions.values():
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/corus.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/corus.py
index 7b83c0390d..c03d65310d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/corus.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/corus.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class CorusIE(ThePlatformFeedIE):
+class CorusIE(ThePlatformFeedIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
                     https?://
                         (?:www\.)?
@@ -126,7 +126,6 @@ class CorusIE(ThePlatformFeedIE):
                 smil, smil_url, video_id, namespace))
         if not formats and video.get('drm'):
             self.report_drm(video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for track in video.get('tracks', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/coub.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/coub.py
index b462acaf01..9bab698a3d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/coub.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/coub.py
@@ -104,8 +104,6 @@ class CoubIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'source_preference': preference_key(MOBILE),
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         thumbnail = coub.get('picture')
         duration = float_or_none(coub.get('duration'))
         timestamp = parse_iso8601(coub.get('published_at') or coub.get('created_at'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cpac.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cpac.py
index 65ac2497f4..0f23f2be26 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cpac.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cpac.py
@@ -54,8 +54,6 @@ class CPACIE(InfoExtractor):
                 else:
                     fmt['language_preference'] = -10
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         category = str_or_none(content['details']['category_%s_t' % (url_lang, )])
 
         def is_live(v_type):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/crackle.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/crackle.py
index 319374f3b8..46100151a9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/crackle.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/crackle.py
@@ -177,7 +177,6 @@ class CrackleIE(InfoExtractor):
                 })
         if not formats and has_drm:
             self.report_drm(video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = media.get('Description')
         duration = int_or_none(media.get(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/crooksandliars.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/crooksandliars.py
index 85c145e12a..4de7e3d530 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/crooksandliars.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/crooksandliars.py
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ class CrooksAndLiarsIE(InfoExtractor):
             'format_id': item['type'],
             'quality': quality(item['type']),
         } for item in manifest['flavors'] if item['mime'].startswith('video/')]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'url': url,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/crowdbunker.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/crowdbunker.py
index 75d90b5c55..d83c01560c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/crowdbunker.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/crowdbunker.py
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ class CrowdBunkerIE(InfoExtractor):
             'width': int_or_none(image.get('width')),
         } for image in video_json.get('thumbnails') or [] if image.get('url')]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': id,
             'title': video_json.get('title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/crunchyroll.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/crunchyroll.py
index 141d8c5a7c..1abffcd745 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/crunchyroll.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/crunchyroll.py
@@ -1,40 +1,16 @@
 import base64
-import json
-import re
-import urllib.request
-import xml.etree.ElementTree
-import zlib
-from hashlib import sha1
-from math import floor, pow, sqrt
+import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from .vrv import VRVBaseIE
-from ..aes import aes_cbc_decrypt
-from ..compat import (
-    compat_b64decode,
-    compat_etree_fromstring,
-    compat_str,
-    compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
-    compat_urlparse,
-)
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
-    bytes_to_intlist,
-    extract_attributes,
     float_or_none,
     format_field,
-    int_or_none,
-    intlist_to_bytes,
     join_nonempty,
-    lowercase_escape,
-    merge_dicts,
     parse_iso8601,
     qualities,
-    remove_end,
-    sanitized_Request,
     traverse_obj,
     try_get,
-    xpath_text,
 )
 
 
@@ -42,19 +18,14 @@ class CrunchyrollBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://www.crunchyroll.com/welcome/login'
     _API_BASE = 'https://api.crunchyroll.com'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'crunchyroll'
+    params = None
 
-    def _call_rpc_api(self, method, video_id, note=None, data=None):
-        data = data or {}
-        data['req'] = 'RpcApi' + method
-        data = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(data).encode('utf-8')
-        return self._download_xml(
-            'https://www.crunchyroll.com/xml/',
-            video_id, note, fatal=False, data=data, headers={
-                'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
-            })
+    @property
+    def is_logged_in(self):
+        return self._get_cookies(self._LOGIN_URL).get('etp_rt')
 
     def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        if self._get_cookies(self._LOGIN_URL).get('etp_rt'):
+        if self.is_logged_in:
             return
 
         upsell_response = self._download_json(
@@ -72,662 +43,33 @@ class CrunchyrollBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         login_response = self._download_json(
             f'{self._API_BASE}/login.1.json', None, 'Logging in',
-            data=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
+            data=urllib.parse.urlencode({
                 'account': username,
                 'password': password,
                 'session_id': session_id
             }).encode('ascii'))
         if login_response['code'] != 'ok':
             raise ExtractorError('Login failed. Server message: %s' % login_response['message'], expected=True)
-        if not self._get_cookies(self._LOGIN_URL).get('etp_rt'):
+        if not self.is_logged_in:
             raise ExtractorError('Login succeeded but did not set etp_rt cookie')
 
-    # Beta-specific, but needed for redirects
-    def _get_beta_embedded_json(self, webpage, display_id):
+    def _get_embedded_json(self, webpage, display_id):
         initial_state = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
             r'__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;', webpage, 'initial state'), display_id)
         app_config = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
             r'__APP_CONFIG__\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;', webpage, 'app config'), display_id)
         return initial_state, app_config
 
-    def _redirect_to_beta(self, webpage, iekey, video_id):
-        if not self._get_cookies(self._LOGIN_URL).get('etp_rt'):
-            raise ExtractorError('Received a beta page from non-beta url when not logged in.')
-        initial_state, app_config = self._get_beta_embedded_json(webpage, video_id)
-        url = app_config['baseSiteUrl'] + initial_state['router']['locations']['current']['pathname']
-        self.to_screen(f'{video_id}: Redirected to beta site - {url}')
-        return self.url_result(f'{url}', iekey, video_id)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _add_skip_wall(url):
-        parsed_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(url)
-        qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_url.query)
-        # Always force skip_wall to bypass maturity wall, namely 18+ confirmation message:
-        # > This content may be inappropriate for some people.
-        # > Are you sure you want to continue?
-        # since it's not disabled by default in crunchyroll account's settings.
-        # See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7202.
-        qs['skip_wall'] = ['1']
-        return compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
-            parsed_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
-
-
-class CrunchyrollIE(CrunchyrollBaseIE, VRVBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'crunchyroll'
-    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
-        https?://(?:(?P<prefix>www|m)\.)?(?P<url>
-            crunchyroll\.(?:com|fr)/(?:
-                media(?:-|/\?id=)|
-                (?!series/|watch/)(?:[^/]+/){1,2}[^/?&#]*?
-            )(?P<id>[0-9]+)
-        )(?:[/?&#]|$)'''
-
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/wanna-be-the-strongest-in-the-world/episode-1-an-idol-wrestler-is-born-645513',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '645513',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Wanna be the Strongest in the World Episode 1 – An Idol-Wrestler is Born!',
-            'description': 'md5:2d17137920c64f2f49981a7797d275ef',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
-            'uploader': 'Yomiuri Telecasting Corporation (YTV)',
-            'upload_date': '20131013',
-            'url': 're:(?!.*&amp)',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            # rtmp
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-        'skip': 'Video gone',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/media-589804/culture-japan-1',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '589804',
-            'ext': 'flv',
-            'title': 'Culture Japan Episode 1 – Rebuilding Japan after the 3.11',
-            'description': 'md5:2fbc01f90b87e8e9137296f37b461c12',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
-            'uploader': 'Danny Choo Network',
-            'upload_date': '20120213',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            # rtmp
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-        'skip': 'Video gone',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/rezero-starting-life-in-another-world-/episode-5-the-morning-of-our-promise-is-still-distant-702409',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '702409',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': compat_str,
-            'description': compat_str,
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
-            'uploader': 'Re:Zero Partners',
-            'timestamp': 1462098900,
-            'upload_date': '20160501',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            # m3u8 download
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/konosuba-gods-blessing-on-this-wonderful-world/episode-1-give-me-deliverance-from-this-judicial-injustice-727589',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '727589',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': compat_str,
-            'description': compat_str,
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
-            'uploader': 'Kadokawa Pictures Inc.',
-            'timestamp': 1484130900,
-            'upload_date': '20170111',
-            'series': compat_str,
-            'season': "KONOSUBA -God's blessing on this wonderful world! 2",
-            'season_number': 2,
-            'episode': 'Give Me Deliverance From This Judicial Injustice!',
-            'episode_number': 1,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            # m3u8 download
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.fr/girl-friend-beta/episode-11-goodbye-la-mode-661697',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        # geo-restricted (US), 18+ maturity wall, non-premium available
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/cosplay-complex-ova/episode-1-the-birth-of-the-cosplay-club-565617',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        # A description with double quotes
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/11eyes/episode-1-piros-jszaka-red-night-535080',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '535080',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': compat_str,
-            'description': compat_str,
-            'uploader': 'Marvelous AQL Inc.',
-            'timestamp': 1255512600,
-            'upload_date': '20091014',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            # Just test metadata extraction
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }, {
-        # make sure we can extract an uploader name that's not a link
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/hakuoki-reimeiroku/episode-1-dawn-of-the-divine-warriors-606899',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '606899',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Hakuoki Reimeiroku Episode 1 – Dawn of the Divine Warriors',
-            'description': 'Ryunosuke was left to die, but Serizawa-san asked him a simple question "Do you want to live?"',
-            'uploader': 'Geneon Entertainment',
-            'upload_date': '20120717',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            # just test metadata extraction
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-        'skip': 'Video gone',
-    }, {
-        # A video with a vastly different season name compared to the series name
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/nyarko-san-another-crawling-chaos/episode-1-test-590532',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '590532',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': compat_str,
-            'description': compat_str,
-            'uploader': 'TV TOKYO',
-            'timestamp': 1330956000,
-            'upload_date': '20120305',
-            'series': 'Nyarko-san: Another Crawling Chaos',
-            'season': 'Haiyoru! Nyaruani (ONA)',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            # Just test metadata extraction
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/media-723735',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.crunchyroll.com/en-gb/mob-psycho-100/episode-2-urban-legends-encountering-rumors-780921',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }]
-
-    _FORMAT_IDS = {
-        '360': ('60', '106'),
-        '480': ('61', '106'),
-        '720': ('62', '106'),
-        '1080': ('80', '108'),
-    }
-
-    def _download_webpage(self, url_or_request, *args, **kwargs):
-        request = (url_or_request if isinstance(url_or_request, urllib.request.Request)
-                   else sanitized_Request(url_or_request))
-        # Accept-Language must be set explicitly to accept any language to avoid issues
-        # similar to https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6797.
-        # Along with IP address Crunchyroll uses Accept-Language to guess whether georestriction
-        # should be imposed or not (from what I can see it just takes the first language
-        # ignoring the priority and requires it to correspond the IP). By the way this causes
-        # Crunchyroll to not work in georestriction cases in some browsers that don't place
-        # the locale lang first in header. However allowing any language seems to workaround the issue.
-        request.add_header('Accept-Language', '*')
-        return super(CrunchyrollBaseIE, self)._download_webpage(request, *args, **kwargs)
-
-    def _decrypt_subtitles(self, data, iv, id):
-        data = bytes_to_intlist(compat_b64decode(data))
-        iv = bytes_to_intlist(compat_b64decode(iv))
-        id = int(id)
-
-        def obfuscate_key_aux(count, modulo, start):
-            output = list(start)
-            for _ in range(count):
-                output.append(output[-1] + output[-2])
-            # cut off start values
-            output = output[2:]
-            output = list(map(lambda x: x % modulo + 33, output))
-            return output
-
-        def obfuscate_key(key):
-            num1 = int(floor(pow(2, 25) * sqrt(6.9)))
-            num2 = (num1 ^ key) << 5
-            num3 = key ^ num1
-            num4 = num3 ^ (num3 >> 3) ^ num2
-            prefix = intlist_to_bytes(obfuscate_key_aux(20, 97, (1, 2)))
-            shaHash = bytes_to_intlist(sha1(prefix + str(num4).encode('ascii')).digest())
-            # Extend 160 Bit hash to 256 Bit
-            return shaHash + [0] * 12
-
-        key = obfuscate_key(id)
-
-        decrypted_data = intlist_to_bytes(aes_cbc_decrypt(data, key, iv))
-        return zlib.decompress(decrypted_data)
-
-    def _convert_subtitles_to_srt(self, sub_root):
-        output = ''
-
-        for i, event in enumerate(sub_root.findall('./events/event'), 1):
-            start = event.attrib['start'].replace('.', ',')
-            end = event.attrib['end'].replace('.', ',')
-            text = event.attrib['text'].replace('\\N', '\n')
-            output += '%d\n%s --> %s\n%s\n\n' % (i, start, end, text)
-        return output
-
-    def _convert_subtitles_to_ass(self, sub_root):
-        output = ''
-
-        def ass_bool(strvalue):
-            assvalue = '0'
-            if strvalue == '1':
-                assvalue = '-1'
-            return assvalue
-
-        output = '[Script Info]\n'
-        output += 'Title: %s\n' % sub_root.attrib['title']
-        output += 'ScriptType: v4.00+\n'
-        output += 'WrapStyle: %s\n' % sub_root.attrib['wrap_style']
-        output += 'PlayResX: %s\n' % sub_root.attrib['play_res_x']
-        output += 'PlayResY: %s\n' % sub_root.attrib['play_res_y']
-        output += """
-[V4+ Styles]
-Format: Name, Fontname, Fontsize, PrimaryColour, SecondaryColour, OutlineColour, BackColour, Bold, Italic, Underline, StrikeOut, ScaleX, ScaleY, Spacing, Angle, BorderStyle, Outline, Shadow, Alignment, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Encoding
-"""
-        for style in sub_root.findall('./styles/style'):
-            output += 'Style: ' + style.attrib['name']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['font_name']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['font_size']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['primary_colour']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['secondary_colour']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['outline_colour']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['back_colour']
-            output += ',' + ass_bool(style.attrib['bold'])
-            output += ',' + ass_bool(style.attrib['italic'])
-            output += ',' + ass_bool(style.attrib['underline'])
-            output += ',' + ass_bool(style.attrib['strikeout'])
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['scale_x']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['scale_y']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['spacing']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['angle']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['border_style']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['outline']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['shadow']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['alignment']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['margin_l']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['margin_r']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['margin_v']
-            output += ',' + style.attrib['encoding']
-            output += '\n'
-
-        output += """
-[Events]
-Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
-"""
-        for event in sub_root.findall('./events/event'):
-            output += 'Dialogue: 0'
-            output += ',' + event.attrib['start']
-            output += ',' + event.attrib['end']
-            output += ',' + event.attrib['style']
-            output += ',' + event.attrib['name']
-            output += ',' + event.attrib['margin_l']
-            output += ',' + event.attrib['margin_r']
-            output += ',' + event.attrib['margin_v']
-            output += ',' + event.attrib['effect']
-            output += ',' + event.attrib['text']
-            output += '\n'
-
-        return output
-
-    def _extract_subtitles(self, subtitle):
-        sub_root = compat_etree_fromstring(subtitle)
-        return [{
-            'ext': 'srt',
-            'data': self._convert_subtitles_to_srt(sub_root),
-        }, {
-            'ext': 'ass',
-            'data': self._convert_subtitles_to_ass(sub_root),
-        }]
-
-    def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
-        subtitles = {}
-        for sub_id, sub_name in re.findall(r'\bssid=([0-9]+)"[^>]+?\btitle="([^"]+)', webpage):
-            sub_doc = self._call_rpc_api(
-                'Subtitle_GetXml', video_id,
-                'Downloading subtitles for ' + sub_name, data={
-                    'subtitle_script_id': sub_id,
-                })
-            if not isinstance(sub_doc, xml.etree.ElementTree.Element):
-                continue
-            sid = sub_doc.get('id')
-            iv = xpath_text(sub_doc, 'iv', 'subtitle iv')
-            data = xpath_text(sub_doc, 'data', 'subtitle data')
-            if not sid or not iv or not data:
-                continue
-            subtitle = self._decrypt_subtitles(data, iv, sid).decode('utf-8')
-            lang_code = self._search_regex(r'lang_code=["\']([^"\']+)', subtitle, 'subtitle_lang_code', fatal=False)
-            if not lang_code:
-                continue
-            subtitles[lang_code] = self._extract_subtitles(subtitle)
-        return subtitles
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
-        video_id = mobj.group('id')
-
-        if mobj.group('prefix') == 'm':
-            mobile_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading mobile webpage')
-            webpage_url = self._search_regex(r'<link rel="canonical" href="([^"]+)" />', mobile_webpage, 'webpage_url')
-        else:
-            webpage_url = 'http://www.' + mobj.group('url')
-
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(
-            self._add_skip_wall(webpage_url), video_id,
-            headers=self.geo_verification_headers())
-        if re.search(r'<div id="preload-data">', webpage):
-            return self._redirect_to_beta(webpage, CrunchyrollBetaIE.ie_key(), video_id)
-        note_m = self._html_search_regex(
-            r'<div class="showmedia-trailer-notice">(.+?)</div>',
-            webpage, 'trailer-notice', default='')
-        if note_m:
-            raise ExtractorError(note_m, expected=True)
-
-        mobj = re.search(r'Page\.messaging_box_controller\.addItems\(\[(?P<msg>{.+?})\]\)', webpage)
-        if mobj:
-            msg = json.loads(mobj.group('msg'))
-            if msg.get('type') == 'error':
-                raise ExtractorError('crunchyroll returned error: %s' % msg['message_body'], expected=True)
-
-        if 'To view this, please log in to verify you are 18 or older.' in webpage:
-            self.raise_login_required()
-
-        media = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
-            r'vilos\.config\.media\s*=\s*({.+?});',
-            webpage, 'vilos media', default='{}'), video_id)
-        media_metadata = media.get('metadata') or {}
-
-        language = self._search_regex(
-            r'(?:vilos\.config\.player\.language|LOCALE)\s*=\s*(["\'])(?P<lang>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
-            webpage, 'language', default=None, group='lang')
-
-        video_title = self._html_search_regex(
-            (r'(?s)<h1[^>]*>((?:(?!<h1).)*?<(?:span[^>]+itemprop=["\']title["\']|meta[^>]+itemprop=["\']position["\'])[^>]*>(?:(?!<h1).)+?)</h1>',
-             r'<title>(.+?),\s+-\s+.+? Crunchyroll'),
-            webpage, 'video_title', default=None)
-        if not video_title:
-            video_title = re.sub(r'^Watch\s+', '', self._og_search_description(webpage))
-        video_title = re.sub(r' {2,}', ' ', video_title)
-        video_description = (self._parse_json(self._html_search_regex(
-            r'<script[^>]*>\s*.+?\[media_id=%s\].+?({.+?"description"\s*:.+?})\);' % video_id,
-            webpage, 'description', default='{}'), video_id) or media_metadata).get('description')
-
-        thumbnails = []
-        thumbnail_url = (self._parse_json(self._html_search_regex(
-            r'<script type="application\/ld\+json">\n\s*(.+?)<\/script>',
-            webpage, 'thumbnail_url', default='{}'), video_id)).get('image')
-        if thumbnail_url:
-            thumbnails.append({
-                'url': thumbnail_url,
-                'width': 1920,
-                'height': 1080
-            })
-
-        if video_description:
-            video_description = lowercase_escape(video_description.replace(r'\r\n', '\n'))
-        video_uploader = self._html_search_regex(
-            # try looking for both an uploader that's a link and one that's not
-            [r'<a[^>]+href="/publisher/[^"]+"[^>]*>([^<]+)</a>', r'<div>\s*Publisher:\s*<span>\s*(.+?)\s*</span>\s*</div>'],
-            webpage, 'video_uploader', default=False)
-
-        requested_languages = self._configuration_arg('language')
-        requested_hardsubs = [('' if val == 'none' else val) for val in self._configuration_arg('hardsub')]
-        language_preference = qualities((requested_languages or [language or ''])[::-1])
-        hardsub_preference = qualities((requested_hardsubs or ['', language or ''])[::-1])
-
-        formats = []
-        for stream in media.get('streams', []):
-            audio_lang = stream.get('audio_lang') or ''
-            hardsub_lang = stream.get('hardsub_lang') or ''
-            if (requested_languages and audio_lang.lower() not in requested_languages
-                    or requested_hardsubs and hardsub_lang.lower() not in requested_hardsubs):
-                continue
-            vrv_formats = self._extract_vrv_formats(
-                stream.get('url'), video_id, stream.get('format'),
-                audio_lang, hardsub_lang)
-            for f in vrv_formats:
-                f['language_preference'] = language_preference(audio_lang)
-                f['quality'] = hardsub_preference(hardsub_lang)
-            formats.extend(vrv_formats)
-        if not formats:
-            available_fmts = []
-            for a, fmt in re.findall(r'(<a[^>]+token=["\']showmedia\.([0-9]{3,4})p["\'][^>]+>)', webpage):
-                attrs = extract_attributes(a)
-                href = attrs.get('href')
-                if href and '/freetrial' in href:
-                    continue
-                available_fmts.append(fmt)
-            if not available_fmts:
-                for p in (r'token=["\']showmedia\.([0-9]{3,4})p"', r'showmedia\.([0-9]{3,4})p'):
-                    available_fmts = re.findall(p, webpage)
-                    if available_fmts:
-                        break
-            if not available_fmts:
-                available_fmts = self._FORMAT_IDS.keys()
-            video_encode_ids = []
-
-            for fmt in available_fmts:
-                stream_quality, stream_format = self._FORMAT_IDS[fmt]
-                video_format = fmt + 'p'
-                stream_infos = []
-                streamdata = self._call_rpc_api(
-                    'VideoPlayer_GetStandardConfig', video_id,
-                    'Downloading media info for %s' % video_format, data={
-                        'media_id': video_id,
-                        'video_format': stream_format,
-                        'video_quality': stream_quality,
-                        'current_page': url,
-                    })
-                if isinstance(streamdata, xml.etree.ElementTree.Element):
-                    stream_info = streamdata.find('./{default}preload/stream_info')
-                    if stream_info is not None:
-                        stream_infos.append(stream_info)
-                stream_info = self._call_rpc_api(
-                    'VideoEncode_GetStreamInfo', video_id,
-                    'Downloading stream info for %s' % video_format, data={
-                        'media_id': video_id,
-                        'video_format': stream_format,
-                        'video_encode_quality': stream_quality,
-                    })
-                if isinstance(stream_info, xml.etree.ElementTree.Element):
-                    stream_infos.append(stream_info)
-                for stream_info in stream_infos:
-                    video_encode_id = xpath_text(stream_info, './video_encode_id')
-                    if video_encode_id in video_encode_ids:
-                        continue
-                    video_encode_ids.append(video_encode_id)
-
-                    video_file = xpath_text(stream_info, './file')
-                    if not video_file:
-                        continue
-                    if video_file.startswith('http'):
-                        formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                            video_file, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
-                            m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-                        continue
-
-                    video_url = xpath_text(stream_info, './host')
-                    if not video_url:
-                        continue
-                    metadata = stream_info.find('./metadata')
-                    format_info = {
-                        'format': video_format,
-                        'height': int_or_none(xpath_text(metadata, './height')),
-                        'width': int_or_none(xpath_text(metadata, './width')),
-                    }
-
-                    if '.fplive.net/' in video_url:
-                        video_url = re.sub(r'^rtmpe?://', 'http://', video_url.strip())
-                        parsed_video_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(video_url)
-                        direct_video_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(parsed_video_url._replace(
-                            netloc='v.lvlt.crcdn.net',
-                            path='%s/%s' % (remove_end(parsed_video_url.path, '/'), video_file.split(':')[-1])))
-                        if self._is_valid_url(direct_video_url, video_id, video_format):
-                            format_info.update({
-                                'format_id': 'http-' + video_format,
-                                'url': direct_video_url,
-                            })
-                            formats.append(format_info)
-                            continue
-
-                    format_info.update({
-                        'format_id': 'rtmp-' + video_format,
-                        'url': video_url,
-                        'play_path': video_file,
-                        'ext': 'flv',
-                    })
-                    formats.append(format_info)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        metadata = self._call_rpc_api(
-            'VideoPlayer_GetMediaMetadata', video_id,
-            note='Downloading media info', data={
-                'media_id': video_id,
-            })
-
-        subtitles = {}
-        for subtitle in media.get('subtitles', []):
-            subtitle_url = subtitle.get('url')
-            if not subtitle_url:
-                continue
-            subtitles.setdefault(subtitle.get('language', 'enUS'), []).append({
-                'url': subtitle_url,
-                'ext': subtitle.get('format', 'ass'),
-            })
-        if not subtitles:
-            subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, webpage)
-
-        # webpage provide more accurate data than series_title from XML
-        series = self._html_search_regex(
-            r'(?s)<h\d[^>]+\bid=["\']showmedia_about_episode_num[^>]+>(.+?)</h\d',
-            webpage, 'series', fatal=False)
-
-        season = episode = episode_number = duration = None
-
-        if isinstance(metadata, xml.etree.ElementTree.Element):
-            season = xpath_text(metadata, 'series_title')
-            episode = xpath_text(metadata, 'episode_title')
-            episode_number = int_or_none(xpath_text(metadata, 'episode_number'))
-            duration = float_or_none(media_metadata.get('duration'), 1000)
-
-        if not episode:
-            episode = media_metadata.get('title')
-        if not episode_number:
-            episode_number = int_or_none(media_metadata.get('episode_number'))
-        thumbnail_url = try_get(media, lambda x: x['thumbnail']['url'])
-        if thumbnail_url:
-            thumbnails.append({
-                'url': thumbnail_url,
-                'width': 640,
-                'height': 360
-            })
-
-        season_number = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
-            r'(?s)<h\d[^>]+id=["\']showmedia_about_episode_num[^>]+>.+?</h\d>\s*<h4>\s*Season (\d+)',
-            webpage, 'season number', default=None))
-
-        info = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, default={})
-
-        return merge_dicts({
-            'id': video_id,
-            'title': video_title,
-            'description': video_description,
-            'duration': duration,
-            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
-            'uploader': video_uploader,
-            'series': series,
-            'season': season,
-            'season_number': season_number,
-            'episode': episode,
-            'episode_number': episode_number,
-            'subtitles': subtitles,
-            'formats': formats,
-        }, info)
-
-
-class CrunchyrollShowPlaylistIE(CrunchyrollBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'crunchyroll:playlist'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?P<prefix>www|m)\.)?(?P<url>crunchyroll\.com/(?:\w{2}(?:-\w{2})?/)?(?!(?:news|anime-news|library|forum|launchcalendar|lineup|store|comics|freetrial|login|media-\d+))(?P<id>[\w\-]+))/?(?:\?|$)'
-
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://www.crunchyroll.com/a-bridge-to-the-starry-skies-hoshizora-e-kakaru-hashi',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'a-bridge-to-the-starry-skies-hoshizora-e-kakaru-hashi',
-            'title': 'A Bridge to the Starry Skies - Hoshizora e Kakaru Hashi'
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 13,
-    }, {
-        # geo-restricted (US), 18+ maturity wall, non-premium available
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/cosplay-complex-ova',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'cosplay-complex-ova',
-            'title': 'Cosplay Complex OVA'
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 3,
-        'skip': 'Georestricted',
-    }, {
-        # geo-restricted (US), 18+ maturity wall, non-premium will be available since 2015.11.14
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/ladies-versus-butlers?skip_wall=1',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.crunchyroll.com/fr/ladies-versus-butlers',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }]
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        show_id = self._match_id(url)
-
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(
-            # https:// gives a 403, but http:// does not
-            self._add_skip_wall(url).replace('https://', 'http://'), show_id,
-            headers=self.geo_verification_headers())
-        if re.search(r'<div id="preload-data">', webpage):
-            return self._redirect_to_beta(webpage, CrunchyrollBetaShowIE.ie_key(), show_id)
-        title = self._html_search_meta('name', webpage, default=None)
-
-        episode_re = r'<li id="showview_videos_media_(\d+)"[^>]+>.*?<a href="([^"]+)"'
-        season_re = r'<a [^>]+season-dropdown[^>]+>([^<]+)'
-        paths = re.findall(f'(?s){episode_re}|{season_re}', webpage)
-
-        entries, current_season = [], None
-        for ep_id, ep, season in paths:
-            if season:
-                current_season = season
-                continue
-            entries.append(self.url_result(
-                f'http://www.crunchyroll.com{ep}', CrunchyrollIE.ie_key(), ep_id, season=current_season))
-
-        return {
-            '_type': 'playlist',
-            'id': show_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'entries': reversed(entries),
-        }
-
-
-class CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE(CrunchyrollBaseIE):
-    params = None
-
     def _get_params(self, lang):
-        if not CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE.params:
-            if self._get_cookies(f'https://beta.crunchyroll.com/{lang}').get('etp_rt'):
+        if not CrunchyrollBaseIE.params:
+            if self._get_cookies(f'https://www.crunchyroll.com/{lang}').get('etp_rt'):
                 grant_type, key = 'etp_rt_cookie', 'accountAuthClientId'
             else:
                 grant_type, key = 'client_id', 'anonClientId'
 
-            initial_state, app_config = self._get_beta_embedded_json(self._download_webpage(
-                f'https://beta.crunchyroll.com/{lang}', None, note='Retrieving main page'), None)
-            api_domain = app_config['cxApiParams']['apiDomain']
+            initial_state, app_config = self._get_embedded_json(self._download_webpage(
+                f'https://www.crunchyroll.com/{lang}', None, note='Retrieving main page'), None)
+            api_domain = app_config['cxApiParams']['apiDomain'].replace('beta.crunchyroll.com', 'www.crunchyroll.com')
 
             auth_response = self._download_json(
                 f'{api_domain}/auth/v1/token', None, note=f'Authenticating with grant_type={grant_type}',
@@ -739,7 +81,7 @@ class CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE(CrunchyrollBaseIE):
                 headers={
                     'Authorization': auth_response['token_type'] + ' ' + auth_response['access_token']
                 })
-            cms = traverse_obj(policy_response, 'cms_beta', 'cms')
+            cms = policy_response.get('cms_web')
             bucket = cms['bucket']
             params = {
                 'Policy': cms['policy'],
@@ -749,19 +91,19 @@ class CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE(CrunchyrollBaseIE):
             locale = traverse_obj(initial_state, ('localization', 'locale'))
             if locale:
                 params['locale'] = locale
-            CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE.params = (api_domain, bucket, params)
-        return CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE.params
+            CrunchyrollBaseIE.params = (api_domain, bucket, params)
+        return CrunchyrollBaseIE.params
 
 
-class CrunchyrollBetaIE(CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'crunchyroll:beta'
+class CrunchyrollBetaIE(CrunchyrollBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'crunchyroll'
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
-        https?://beta\.crunchyroll\.com/
+        https?://(?:beta|www)\.crunchyroll\.com/
         (?P<lang>(?:\w{2}(?:-\w{2})?/)?)
         watch/(?P<id>\w+)
         (?:/(?P<display_id>[\w-]+))?/?(?:[?#]|$)'''
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://beta.crunchyroll.com/watch/GY2P1Q98Y/to-the-future',
+        'url': 'https://www.crunchyroll.com/watch/GY2P1Q98Y/to-the-future',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'GY2P1Q98Y',
             'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -777,11 +119,34 @@ class CrunchyrollBetaIE(CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE):
             'season_number': 1,
             'episode': 'To the Future',
             'episode_number': 73,
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https://beta.crunchyroll.com/imgsrv/.*\.jpeg$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https://www.crunchyroll.com/imgsrv/.*\.jpeg$',
+            'chapters': 'count:2',
         },
-        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8', 'format': 'all[format_id~=hardsub]'},
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://beta.crunchyroll.com/watch/GY2P1Q98Y',
+        'url': 'https://www.crunchyroll.com/watch/GYE5WKQGR',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'GYE5WKQGR',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'duration': 366.459,
+            'timestamp': 1476788400,
+            'description': 'md5:74b67283ffddd75f6e224ca7dc031e76',
+            'title': 'SHELTER Episode  – Porter Robinson presents Shelter the Animation',
+            'upload_date': '20161018',
+            'series': 'SHELTER',
+            'series_id': 'GYGG09WWY',
+            'season': 'SHELTER',
+            'season_id': 'GR09MGK4R',
+            'season_number': 1,
+            'episode': 'Porter Robinson presents Shelter the Animation',
+            'episode_number': 0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https://www.crunchyroll.com/imgsrv/.*\.jpeg$',
+            'chapters': 'count:0',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': True},
+        'skip': 'Video is Premium only',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.crunchyroll.com/watch/GY2P1Q98Y',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://beta.crunchyroll.com/pt-br/watch/G8WUN8VKP/the-ruler-of-conspiracy',
@@ -795,8 +160,11 @@ class CrunchyrollBetaIE(CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE):
         episode_response = self._download_json(
             f'{api_domain}/cms/v2{bucket}/episodes/{internal_id}', display_id,
             note='Retrieving episode metadata', query=params)
-        if episode_response.get('is_premium_only') and not episode_response.get('playback'):
-            raise ExtractorError('This video is for premium members only.', expected=True)
+        if episode_response.get('is_premium_only') and not bucket.endswith('crunchyroll'):
+            if self.is_logged_in:
+                raise ExtractorError('This video is for premium members only', expected=True)
+            else:
+                self.raise_login_required('This video is for premium members only')
 
         stream_response = self._download_json(
             f'{api_domain}{episode_response["__links__"]["streams"]["href"]}', display_id,
@@ -807,31 +175,59 @@ class CrunchyrollBetaIE(CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE):
         hardsub_preference = qualities(requested_hardsubs[::-1])
         requested_formats = self._configuration_arg('format') or ['adaptive_hls']
 
-        formats = []
+        available_formats = {}
         for stream_type, streams in get_streams('streams'):
             if stream_type not in requested_formats:
                 continue
             for stream in streams.values():
-                hardsub_lang = stream.get('hardsub_locale') or ''
-                if hardsub_lang.lower() not in requested_hardsubs:
-                    continue
-                format_id = join_nonempty(stream_type, format_field(stream, 'hardsub_locale', 'hardsub-%s'))
                 if not stream.get('url'):
                     continue
-                if stream_type.endswith('hls'):
+                hardsub_lang = stream.get('hardsub_locale') or ''
+                format_id = join_nonempty(stream_type, format_field(stream, 'hardsub_locale', 'hardsub-%s'))
+                available_formats[hardsub_lang] = (stream_type, format_id, hardsub_lang, stream['url'])
+
+        if '' in available_formats and 'all' not in requested_hardsubs:
+            full_format_langs = set(requested_hardsubs)
+            self.to_screen(
+                'To get all formats of a hardsub language, use '
+                '"--extractor-args crunchyrollbeta:hardsub=<language_code or all>". '
+                'See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#crunchyrollbeta-crunchyroll for more info',
+                only_once=True)
+        else:
+            full_format_langs = set(map(str.lower, available_formats))
+
+        formats = []
+        for stream_type, format_id, hardsub_lang, stream_url in available_formats.values():
+            if stream_type.endswith('hls'):
+                if hardsub_lang.lower() in full_format_langs:
                     adaptive_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                        stream['url'], display_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id=format_id,
+                        stream_url, display_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id=format_id,
                         fatal=False, note=f'Downloading {format_id} HLS manifest')
-                elif stream_type.endswith('dash'):
-                    adaptive_formats = self._extract_mpd_formats(
-                        stream['url'], display_id, mpd_id=format_id,
-                        fatal=False, note=f'Downloading {format_id} MPD manifest')
-                for f in adaptive_formats:
-                    if f.get('acodec') != 'none':
-                        f['language'] = stream_response.get('audio_locale')
-                    f['quality'] = hardsub_preference(hardsub_lang.lower())
-                formats.extend(adaptive_formats)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+                else:
+                    adaptive_formats = (self._m3u8_meta_format(stream_url, ext='mp4', m3u8_id=format_id),)
+            elif stream_type.endswith('dash'):
+                adaptive_formats = self._extract_mpd_formats(
+                    stream_url, display_id, mpd_id=format_id,
+                    fatal=False, note=f'Downloading {format_id} MPD manifest')
+            else:
+                self.report_warning(f'Encountered unknown stream_type: {stream_type!r}', display_id, only_once=True)
+                continue
+            for f in adaptive_formats:
+                if f.get('acodec') != 'none':
+                    f['language'] = stream_response.get('audio_locale')
+                f['quality'] = hardsub_preference(hardsub_lang.lower())
+            formats.extend(adaptive_formats)
+
+        chapters = None
+        # if no intro chapter is available, a 403 without usable data is returned
+        intro_chapter = self._download_json(f'https://static.crunchyroll.com/datalab-intro-v2/{internal_id}.json',
+                                            display_id, fatal=False, errnote=False)
+        if isinstance(intro_chapter, dict):
+            chapters = [{
+                'title': 'Intro',
+                'start_time': float_or_none(intro_chapter.get('startTime')),
+                'end_time': float_or_none(intro_chapter.get('endTime'))
+            }]
 
         return {
             'id': internal_id,
@@ -859,18 +255,19 @@ class CrunchyrollBetaIE(CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE):
                     'ext': subtitle_data.get('format')
                 }] for lang, subtitle_data in get_streams('subtitles')
             },
+            'chapters': chapters
         }
 
 
-class CrunchyrollBetaShowIE(CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'crunchyroll:playlist:beta'
+class CrunchyrollBetaShowIE(CrunchyrollBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'crunchyroll:playlist'
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
-        https?://beta\.crunchyroll\.com/
+        https?://(?:beta|www)\.crunchyroll\.com/
         (?P<lang>(?:\w{2}(?:-\w{2})?/)?)
         series/(?P<id>\w+)
         (?:/(?P<display_id>[\w-]+))?/?(?:[?#]|$)'''
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://beta.crunchyroll.com/series/GY19NQ2QR/Girl-Friend-BETA',
+        'url': 'https://www.crunchyroll.com/series/GY19NQ2QR/Girl-Friend-BETA',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'GY19NQ2QR',
             'title': 'Girl Friend BETA',
@@ -903,7 +300,7 @@ class CrunchyrollBetaShowIE(CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE):
                     episode_display_id = episode['slug_title']
                     yield {
                         '_type': 'url',
-                        'url': f'https://beta.crunchyroll.com/{lang}watch/{episode_id}/{episode_display_id}',
+                        'url': f'https://www.crunchyroll.com/{lang}watch/{episode_id}/{episode_display_id}',
                         'ie_key': CrunchyrollBetaIE.ie_key(),
                         'id': episode_id,
                         'title': '%s Episode %s – %s' % (episode.get('season_title'), episode.get('episode'), episode.get('title')),
@@ -915,7 +312,8 @@ class CrunchyrollBetaShowIE(CrunchyrollBetaBaseIE):
                         'season_id': episode.get('season_id'),
                         'season_number': episode.get('season_number'),
                         'episode': episode.get('title'),
-                        'episode_number': episode.get('sequence_number')
+                        'episode_number': episode.get('sequence_number'),
+                        'language': episode.get('audio_locale'),
                     }
 
         return self.playlist_result(entries(), internal_id, series_response.get('title'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cspan.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cspan.py
index 84393627a5..0075680e8f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cspan.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cspan.py
@@ -218,7 +218,6 @@ class CSpanIE(InfoExtractor):
                     path, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
                     m3u8_id='hls') if determine_ext(path) == 'm3u8' else [{'url': path, }]
             add_referer(formats)
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             entries.append({
                 'id': '%s_%d' % (video_id, partnum + 1),
                 'title': (
@@ -275,8 +274,7 @@ class CSpanCongressIE(InfoExtractor):
             self._search_regex(r'jwsetup\s*=\s*({(?:.|\n)[^;]+});', webpage, 'player config'),
             video_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
 
-        title = (self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None)
-                 or self._html_extract_title(webpage, 'video title'))
+        title = self._generic_title('', webpage)
         description = (self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None)
                        or self._html_search_meta('description', webpage, 'description', default=None))
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/curiositystream.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/curiositystream.py
index a105b6ce2a..941cf4e79c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/curiositystream.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/curiositystream.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import re
+import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import compat_str
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ class CuriosityStreamBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             auth_cookie = self._get_cookies('https://curiositystream.com').get('auth_token')
             if auth_cookie:
                 self.write_debug('Obtained auth_token cookie')
-                self._auth_token = auth_cookie.value
+                self._auth_token = urllib.parse.unquote(auth_cookie.value)
         if self._auth_token:
             headers['X-Auth-Token'] = self._auth_token
         result = self._download_json(
@@ -54,8 +55,11 @@ class CuriosityStreamIE(CuriosityStreamBaseIE):
             'description': 'Vint Cerf, Google\'s Chief Internet Evangelist, describes how he and Bob Kahn created the internet.',
             'channel': 'Curiosity Stream',
             'categories': ['Technology', 'Interview'],
-            'average_rating': 96.79,
+            'average_rating': float,
             'series_id': '2',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://img.curiositystream.com/.+\.jpg',
+            'tags': [],
+            'duration': 158
         },
         'params': {
             # m3u8 download
@@ -117,7 +121,6 @@ class CuriosityStreamIE(CuriosityStreamBaseIE):
                             'format_id': 'http',
                         })
                     formats.append(fmt)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = media['title']
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cybrary.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cybrary.py
index 7da581828e..73f2439b31 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cybrary.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cybrary.py
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-from .common import InfoExtractor
-
+from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
     smuggle_url,
     str_or_none,
     traverse_obj,
-    urlencode_postdata
+    urlencode_postdata,
 )
 
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/daftsex.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/daftsex.py
index 0fe014f769..551d5e3abe 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/daftsex.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/daftsex.py
@@ -81,7 +81,6 @@ class DaftsexIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'height': int_or_none(height),
                     'ext': ext,
                 })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             return {
                 'id': video_id,
@@ -117,7 +116,6 @@ class DaftsexIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'height': int_or_none(height),
                     'ext': ext,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for k, v in item.items():
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymail.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymail.py
index f25d7a8c6d..43401e1115 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymail.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymail.py
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ class DailyMailIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'protocol': protocol,
                 'ext': 'mp4' if is_hls else None,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymotion.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymotion.py
index 65a9feec5b..2a44718fb5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymotion.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymotion.py
@@ -293,7 +293,6 @@ class DailymotionIE(DailymotionBaseInfoExtractor):
             f['url'] = f['url'].split('#')[0]
             if not f.get('fps') and f['format_id'].endswith('@60'):
                 f['fps'] = 60
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         subtitles_data = try_get(metadata, lambda x: x['subtitles']['data'], dict) or {}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dailywire.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dailywire.py
index 1f27797ada..f177c9d9cb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dailywire.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dailywire.py
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ class DailyWireIE(DailyWireBaseIE):
             format_, subs_ = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(url, slug)
             formats.extend(format_)
             self._merge_subtitles(subs_, target=subtitles)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': episode_info['id'],
             'display_id': slug,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/damtomo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/damtomo.py
index 962d9741bf..0e08e4f651 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/damtomo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/damtomo.py
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ class DamtomoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not m3u8_url:
             raise ExtractorError('Failed to obtain m3u8 URL')
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, video_id, ext='mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/daum.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/daum.py
index a1f197b0bc..3ef5140658 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/daum.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/daum.py
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ class DaumClipIE(DaumBaseIE):
             self._KAKAO_EMBED_BASE + video_id, 'Kakao', video_id)
 
 
-class DaumListIE(InfoExtractor):
+class DaumListIE(InfoExtractor):  # XXX: Conventionally, base classes should end with BaseIE/InfoExtractor
     def _get_entries(self, list_id, list_id_type):
         name = None
         entries = []
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/daystar.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/daystar.py
index 4f59d904fc..ef3520a21c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/daystar.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/daystar.py
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ class DaystarClipIE(InfoExtractor):
                     video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False, headers={'Referer': src_iframe})
                 formats.extend(fmts)
                 subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/democracynow.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/democracynow.py
index af327e6c6b..1624d085c1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/democracynow.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/democracynow.py
@@ -59,8 +59,6 @@ class DemocracynowIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'vcodec': 'none' if key == 'audio' else None,
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         default_lang = 'en'
         subtitles = {}
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/detik.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/detik.py
index e2637d3f3f..f148054246 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/detik.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/detik.py
@@ -1,122 +1,159 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import merge_dicts, str_or_none
+from ..utils import int_or_none, merge_dicts, try_call, url_basename
 
 
-class Detik20IE(InfoExtractor):
-    IE_NAME = '20.detik.com'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://20\.detik\.com/((?!program)[\w-]+)/[\d-]+/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        # detikflash
-        'url': 'https://20.detik.com/detikflash/20220705-220705098/zulhas-klaim-sukses-turunkan-harga-migor-jawa-bali',
+class DetikEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = False
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        # cnn embed
+        'url': 'https://www.cnnindonesia.com/embed/video/846189',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '220705098',
+            'id': '846189',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'duration': 157,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://cdnv.detik.com/videoservice/AdminTV/2022/07/05/bfe0384db04f4bbb9dd5efc869c5d4b1-20220705164334-0s.jpg?w=650&q=80',
-            'description': 'md5:ac18dcee5b107abbec1ed46e0bf400e3',
-            'title': 'Zulhas Klaim Sukses Turunkan Harga Migor Jawa-Bali',
-            'tags': ['zulkifli hasan', 'menteri perdagangan', 'minyak goreng'],
-            'timestamp': 1657039548,
-            'upload_date': '20220705'
+            'description': 'md5:ece7b003b3ee7d81c6a5cfede7d5397d',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://akcdn\.detik\.net\.id/visual/2022/09/11/thumbnail-video-1_169.jpeg',
+            'title': 'Video CNN Indonesia - VIDEO: Momen Charles Disambut Meriah usai Dilantik jadi Raja Inggris',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'tags': ['raja charles', ' raja charles iii', ' ratu elizabeth', ' ratu elizabeth meninggal dunia', ' raja inggris', ' inggris'],
+            'release_timestamp': 1662869995,
+            'release_date': '20220911',
+            'uploader': 'REUTERS'
         }
     }, {
-        # e-flash
-        'url': 'https://20.detik.com/e-flash/20220705-220705109/ahli-level-ppkm-jadi-payung-strategi-protokol-kesehatan',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '220705109',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'tags': ['ppkm jabodetabek', 'dicky budiman', 'ppkm'],
-            'upload_date': '20220705',
-            'duration': 110,
-            'title': 'Ahli: Level PPKM Jadi Payung Strategi Protokol Kesehatan',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://cdnv.detik.com/videoservice/AdminTV/2022/07/05/Ahli-_Level_PPKM_Jadi_Payung_Strat_jOgUMCN-20220705182313-custom.jpg?w=650&q=80',
-            'description': 'md5:4eb825a9842e6bdfefd66f47b364314a',
-            'timestamp': 1657045255,
-        }
-    }, {
-        # otobuzz
+        # 20.detik
         'url': 'https://20.detik.com/otobuzz/20220704-220704093/mulai-rp-10-jutaan-ini-skema-kredit-mitsubishi-pajero-sport',
         'info_dict': {
+            'display_id': 'mulai-rp-10-jutaan-ini-skema-kredit-mitsubishi-pajero-sport',
             'id': '220704093',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'tags': ['cicilan mobil', 'mitsubishi pajero sport', 'mitsubishi', 'pajero sport'],
-            'timestamp': 1656951521,
-            'duration': 83,
-            'upload_date': '20220704',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://cdnv.detik.com/videoservice/AdminTV/2022/07/04/5d6187e402ec4a91877755a5886ff5b6-20220704161859-0s.jpg?w=650&q=80',
             'description': 'md5:9b2257341b6f375cdcf90106146d5ffb',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://cdnv\.detik\.com/videoservice/AdminTV/2022/07/04/5d6187e402ec4a91877755a5886ff5b6-20220704161859-0s.jpg',
             'title': 'Mulai Rp 10 Jutaan! Ini Skema Kredit Mitsubishi Pajero Sport',
-        }
-    }, {
-        # sport-buzz
-        'url': 'https://20.detik.com/sport-buzz/20220704-220704054/crash-crash-horor-di-paruh-pertama-motogp-2022',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '220704054',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://cdnv.detik.com/videoservice/AdminTV/2022/07/04/6b172c6fb564411996ea145128315630-20220704090746-0s.jpg?w=650&q=80',
-            'title': 'Crash-crash Horor di Paruh Pertama MotoGP 2022',
-            'description': 'md5:fbcc6687572ad7d16eb521b76daa50e4',
-            'timestamp': 1656925591,
-            'duration': 107,
-            'tags': ['marc marquez', 'fabio quartararo', 'francesco bagnaia', 'motogp crash', 'motogp 2022'],
+            'timestamp': 1656951521,
             'upload_date': '20220704',
+            'duration': 83.0,
+            'tags': ['cicilan mobil', 'mitsubishi pajero sport', 'mitsubishi', 'pajero sport'],
+            'release_timestamp': 1656926321,
+            'release_date': '20220704',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'uploader': 'Ridwan Arifin '  # TODO: strip trailling whitespace at uploader
         }
     }, {
-        # adu-perspektif
-        'url': 'https://20.detik.com/adu-perspektif/20220518-220518144/24-tahun-reformasi-dan-alarm-demokrasi-dari-filipina',
+        # pasangmata.detik
+        'url': 'https://pasangmata.detik.com/contribution/366649',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '220518144',
+            'id': '366649',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': '24 Tahun Reformasi dan Alarm Demokrasi dari Filipina',
-            'upload_date': '20220518',
-            'timestamp': 1652913823,
-            'duration': 185.0,
-            'tags': ['politik', 'adu perspektif', 'indonesia', 'filipina', 'demokrasi'],
-            'description': 'md5:8eaaf440b839c3d02dca8c9bbbb099a9',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://cdnv.detik.com/videoservice/AdminTV/2022/05/18/adpers_18_mei_compressed-20220518230458-custom.jpg?w=650&q=80',
+            'title': 'Saling Dorong Aparat dan Pendemo di Aksi Tolak Kenaikan BBM',
+            'description': 'md5:7a6580876c8381c454679e028620bea7',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'tags': 'count:17',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://akcdn.detik.net.id/community/data/media/thumbs-pasangmata/2022/09/08/366649-16626229351533009620.mp4-03.jpg',
         }
     }, {
-        # sosok
-        'url': 'https://20.detik.com/sosok/20220702-220703032/resa-boenard-si-princess-bantar-gebang',
+        # insertlive embed
+        'url': 'https://www.insertlive.com/embed/video/290482',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '220703032',
+            'id': '290482',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'timestamp': 1656824438,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://cdnv.detik.com/videoservice/AdminTV/2022/07/02/SOSOK_BGBJ-20220702191138-custom.jpg?w=650&q=80',
-            'title': 'Resa Boenard Si \'Princess Bantar Gebang\'',
-            'description': 'md5:84ea66306a0285330de6a13fc6218b78',
-            'tags': ['sosok', 'sosok20d', 'bantar gebang', 'bgbj', 'resa boenard', 'bantar gebang bgbj', 'bgbj bantar gebang', 'sosok bantar gebang', 'sosok bgbj', 'bgbj resa boenard'],
-            'upload_date': '20220703',
-            'duration': 650,
+            'release_timestamp': 1663063704,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://akcdn.detik.net.id/visual/2022/09/13/leonardo-dicaprio_169.png?w=600&q=90',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'description': 'Aktor Leonardo DiCaprio memang baru saja putus dari kekasihnya yang bernama Camilla Morrone.',
+            'release_date': '20220913',
+            'title': 'Diincar Leonardo DiCaprio, Gigi Hadid Ngaku Tertarik Tapi Belum Cinta',
+            'tags': ['leonardo dicaprio', ' gigi hadid', ' hollywood'],
+            'uploader': '!nsertlive',
         }
     }, {
-        # viral
-        'url': 'https://20.detik.com/viral/20220603-220603135/merasakan-bus-imut-tanpa-pengemudi-muter-muter-di-kawasan-bsd-city',
+        # beautynesia embed
+        'url': 'https://www.beautynesia.id/embed/video/261636',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '220603135',
+            'id': '261636',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'description': 'md5:4771fe101aa303edb829c59c26f9e7c6',
-            'timestamp': 1654304305,
-            'title': 'Merasakan Bus Imut Tanpa Pengemudi, Muter-muter di Kawasan BSD City',
-            'tags': ['viral', 'autonomous vehicle', 'electric', 'shuttle bus'],
-            'thumbnail': 'https://cdnv.detik.com/videoservice/AdminTV/2022/06/03/VIRAL_BUS_NO_SUPIR-20220604004707-custom.jpg?w=650&q=80',
-            'duration': 593,
-            'upload_date': '20220604',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'release_timestamp': 1662375600,
+            'description': 'Menurut ramalan astrologi, tiga zodiak ini bakal hoki sepanjang September 2022.',
+            'title': '3 Zodiak Paling Beruntung Selama September 2022',
+            'release_date': '20220905',
+            'tags': ['zodiac update', ' zodiak', ' ramalan bintang', ' zodiak beruntung 2022', ' zodiak hoki september 2022', ' zodiak beruntung september 2022'],
+            'thumbnail': 'https://akcdn.detik.net.id/visual/2022/09/05/3-zodiak-paling-beruntung-selama-september-2022_169.jpeg?w=600&q=90',
+            'uploader': 'amh',
+        }
+    }, {
+        # cnbcindonesia embed
+        'url': 'https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/embed/video/371839',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '371839',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Puluhan Pejabat Rusia Tuntut Putin Mundur',
+            'tags': ['putin'],
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://awsimages.detik.net.id/visual/2022/09/13/cnbc-indonesia-tv-3_169.png?w=600&q=80',
+            'description': 'md5:8b9111e37555fcd95fe549a9b4ae6fdc',
+        }
+    }, {
+        # detik shortlink (we can get it from https://dtk.id/?<url>)
+        'url': 'https://dtk.id/NkISKr',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '220914049',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'release_timestamp': 1663114488,
+            'uploader': 'Tim 20Detik',
+            'title': 'Pakar Bicara soal Tim Khusus Jokowi dan Mereka yang Pro ke Bjorka',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdnv.detik.com/videoservice/AdminTV/2022/09/14/f15cae71d7b640c58e75b254ecbb1ce1-20220914071613-0s.jpg?w=400&q=80',
+            'display_id': 'pakar-bicara-soal-tim-khusus-jokowi-dan-mereka-yang-pro-ke-bjorka',
+            'upload_date': '20220914',
+            'release_date': '20220914',
+            'description': 'md5:5eb03225f7ee40207dd3a1e18a73f1ff',
+            'timestamp': 1663139688,
+            'duration': 213.0,
+            'tags': ['hacker bjorka', 'bjorka', 'hacker bjorka bocorkan data rahasia presiden jokowi', 'jokowi'],
         }
     }]
 
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        display_id = self._match_id(url)
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
-        json_ld_data = self._search_json_ld(webpage, display_id)
+    def _extract_from_webpage(self, url, webpage):
+        player_type, video_data = self._search_regex(
+            r'<script\s*[^>]+src="https?://(aws)?cdn\.detik\.net\.id/(?P<type>flowplayer|detikVideo)[^>]+>\s*(?P<video_data>{[^}]+})',
+            webpage, 'playerjs', group=('type', 'video_data'), default=(None, ''))
+        if not player_type:
+            return
 
-        video_url = self._html_search_regex(
-            r'videoUrl\s*:\s*"(?P<video_url>[^"]+)', webpage, 'videoUrl')
-        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(video_url, display_id, ext='mp4')
+        display_id, extra_info_dict = url_basename(url), {}
 
-        return merge_dicts(json_ld_data, {
-            'id': self._html_search_meta('video_id', webpage),
+        if player_type == 'flowplayer':
+            video_json_data = self._parse_json(video_data.replace('\'', '"'), display_id)
+            video_url = video_json_data['videoUrl']
+
+            extra_info_dict = {
+                'id': self._search_regex(r'identifier\s*:\s*\'([^\']+)', webpage, 'identifier'),
+                'thumbnail': video_json_data.get('imageUrl'),
+            }
+
+        elif player_type == 'detikVideo':
+            video_url = self._search_regex(
+                r'videoUrl\s*:\s*[\'"]?([^"\']+)', video_data, 'videoUrl')
+            extra_info_dict = {
+                'id': self._html_search_meta(['video_id', 'dtk:video_id'], webpage),
+                'thumbnail': self._search_regex(r'imageUrl\s*:\s*[\'"]?([^"\']+)', video_data, 'videoUrl'),
+                'duration': int_or_none(self._html_search_meta('duration', webpage, fatal=False, default=None)),
+                'release_timestamp': int_or_none(self._html_search_meta('dtk:publishdateunix', webpage, fatal=False, default=None), 1000),
+                'timestamp': int_or_none(self._html_search_meta('dtk:createdateunix', webpage, fatal=False, default=None), 1000),
+                'uploader': self._search_regex(
+                    r'([^-]+)', self._html_search_meta('dtk:author', webpage, default='').strip(), 'uploader',
+                    default=None)
+            }
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(video_url, display_id)
+
+        json_ld_data = self._search_json_ld(webpage, display_id, default={})
+        yield merge_dicts(json_ld_data, extra_info_dict, {
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'title': self._html_search_meta(['og:title', 'originalTitle'], webpage) or self._html_extract_title(webpage),
+            'description': self._html_search_meta(['og:description', 'twitter:description', 'description'], webpage),
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
-            'tags': str_or_none(self._html_search_meta(['keywords', 'keyword', 'dtk:keywords'], webpage), '').split(','),
+            'tags': try_call(lambda: self._html_search_meta(
+                ['keywords', 'keyword', 'dtk:keywords'], webpage).split(',')),
         })
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/deuxm.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/deuxm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..74a6da6c68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/deuxm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import url_or_none
+
+
+class DeuxMIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?2m\.ma/[^/]+/replay/single/(?P<id>([\w.]{1,24})+)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://2m.ma/fr/replay/single/6351d439b15e1a613b3debe8',
+        'md5': '5f761f04c9d686e553b685134dca5d32',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6351d439b15e1a613b3debe8',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Grand Angle : Jeudi 20 Octobre 2022',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://2msoread-ww.amagi.tv/mediasfiles/videos/images/.*\.png$'
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://2m.ma/fr/replay/single/635c0aeab4eec832622356da',
+        'md5': 'ad6af2f5e4d5b2ad2194a84b6e890b4c',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '635c0aeab4eec832622356da',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Journal  Amazigh : Vendredi 28 Octobre 2022',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://2msoread-ww.amagi.tv/mediasfiles/videos/images/.*\.png$'
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        video = self._download_json(
+            f'https://2m.ma/api/watchDetail/{video_id}', video_id)['response']['News']
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': video.get('titre'),
+            'url': video['url'],
+            'description': video.get('description'),
+            'thumbnail': url_or_none(video.get('image')),
+        }
+
+
+class DeuxMNewsIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?2m\.ma/(?P<lang>\w+)/news/(?P<id>[^/#?]+)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://2m.ma/fr/news/Kan-Ya-Mkan-d%C3%A9poussi%C3%A8re-l-histoire-du-phare-du-Cap-Beddouza-20221028',
+        'md5': '43d5e693a53fa0b71e8a5204c7d4542a',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '635c5d1233b83834e35b282e',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Kan Ya Mkan d\u00e9poussi\u00e8re l\u2019histoire du phare du Cap Beddouza',
+            'description': 'md5:99dcf29b82f1d7f2a4acafed1d487527',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://2msoread-ww.amagi.tv/mediasfiles/videos/images/.*\.png$'
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://2m.ma/fr/news/Interview-Casablanca-hors-des-sentiers-battus-avec-Abderrahim-KASSOU-Replay--20221017',
+        'md5': '7aca29f02230945ef635eb8290283c0c',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '634d9e108b70d40bc51a844b',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Interview: Casablanca hors des sentiers battus avec Abderrahim KASSOU (Replay) ',
+            'description': 'md5:3b8e78111de9fcc6ef7f7dd6cff2430c',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://2msoread-ww.amagi.tv/mediasfiles/videos/images/.*\.png$'
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        article_name, lang = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'lang')
+        video = self._download_json(
+            f'https://2m.ma/api/articlesByUrl?lang={lang}&url=/news/{article_name}', article_name)['response']['article'][0]
+        return {
+            'id': video['id'],
+            'title': video.get('title'),
+            'url': video['image'][0],
+            'description': video.get('content'),
+            'thumbnail': url_or_none(video.get('cover')),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dfb.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dfb.py
index 5aca729889..c4fb5c2a42 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dfb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dfb.py
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ class DFBIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                     manifest_url, display_id, 'mp4',
                     'm3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/digitalconcerthall.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/digitalconcerthall.py
index 3813a51fe2..3461e36eb6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/digitalconcerthall.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/digitalconcerthall.py
@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ class DigitalConcertHallIE(InfoExtractor):
             m3u8_url = traverse_obj(
                 stream_info, ('channel', lambda k, _: k.startswith('vod_mixed'), 'stream', 0, 'url'), get_all=False)
             formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native', fatal=False)
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             yield {
                 'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/digiteka.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/digiteka.py
index 5fbc42ffe9..912e33ba7b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/digiteka.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/digiteka.py
@@ -81,8 +81,6 @@ class DigitekaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': source.get('label'),
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         title = deliver_info['title']
         thumbnail = jwconf.get('image')
         duration = int_or_none(deliver_info.get('duration'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/discovery.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/discovery.py
index fd3fc8fb0f..e6e109d5c5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/discovery.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/discovery.py
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class DiscoveryIE(DiscoveryGoBaseIE):
                 'Downloading token JSON metadata', query={
                     'authRel': 'authorization',
                     'client_id': '3020a40c2356a645b4b4',
-                    'nonce': ''.join([random.choice(string.ascii_letters) for _ in range(32)]),
+                    'nonce': ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_letters, k=32)),
                     'redirectUri': 'https://www.discovery.com/',
                 })['access_token']
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/discoverygo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/discoverygo.py
index 7b4278c882..1f3d8e31c5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/discoverygo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/discoverygo.py
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ class DiscoveryGoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             elif stream_kind == 'hds':
                 formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(
                     stream_url, display_id, f4m_id=stream_kind, fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         video_id = video.get('id') or display_id
         description = video.get('description', {}).get('detailed')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/disney.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/disney.py
index f9af59a571..430de326f4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/disney.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/disney.py
@@ -134,7 +134,6 @@ class DisneyIE(InfoExtractor):
             self.raise_no_formats(
                 '%s said: %s' % (self.IE_NAME, page_data['translations']['video_expired']),
                 expected=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for caption in video_data.get('captions', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dispeak.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dispeak.py
index d4f3324e7c..37f89b9bc0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dispeak.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dispeak.py
@@ -117,7 +117,6 @@ class DigitallySpeakingIE(InfoExtractor):
         video_formats = self._parse_mp4(metadata)
         if video_formats is None:
             video_formats = self._parse_flv(metadata)
-        self._sort_formats(video_formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dlive.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dlive.py
index 31b4a568f2..30fcf9fcef 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dlive.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dlive.py
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ class DLiveVODIE(InfoExtractor):
         title = broadcast['title']
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             broadcast['playbackUrl'], vod_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': vod_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -79,7 +78,6 @@ class DLiveStreamIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             'https://live.prd.dlive.tv/hls/live/%s.m3u8' % username,
             display_name, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': display_name,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/doodstream.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/doodstream.py
deleted file mode 100644
index b41da32e51..0000000000
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/doodstream.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-import string
-import random
-import time
-
-from .common import InfoExtractor
-
-
-class DoodStreamIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?dood\.(?:to|watch|so|pm|wf)/[ed]/(?P<id>[a-z0-9]+)'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://dood.to/e/5s1wmbdacezb',
-        'md5': '4568b83b31e13242b3f1ff96c55f0595',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '5s1wmbdacezb',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Kat Wonders - Monthly May 2020',
-            'description': 'Kat Wonders - Monthly May 2020 | DoodStream.com',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://img.doodcdn.com/snaps/flyus84qgl2fsk4g.jpg',
-        }
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://dood.watch/d/5s1wmbdacezb',
-        'md5': '4568b83b31e13242b3f1ff96c55f0595',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '5s1wmbdacezb',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Kat Wonders - Monthly May 2020',
-            'description': 'Kat Wonders - Monthly May 2020 | DoodStream.com',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://img.doodcdn.com/snaps/flyus84qgl2fsk4g.jpg',
-        }
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://dood.to/d/jzrxn12t2s7n',
-        'md5': '3207e199426eca7c2aa23c2872e6728a',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'jzrxn12t2s7n',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Stacy Cruz Cute ALLWAYSWELL',
-            'description': 'Stacy Cruz Cute ALLWAYSWELL | DoodStream.com',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://img.doodcdn.com/snaps/8edqd5nppkac3x8u.jpg',
-        }
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://dood.so/d/jzrxn12t2s7n',
-        'only_matching': True
-    }]
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        url = f'https://dood.to/e/{video_id}'
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-
-        title = self._html_search_meta(
-            ('og:title', 'twitter:title'), webpage, default=None) or self._html_extract_title(webpage)
-        thumb = self._html_search_meta(['og:image', 'twitter:image'], webpage, default=None)
-        token = self._html_search_regex(r'[?&]token=([a-z0-9]+)[&\']', webpage, 'token')
-        description = self._html_search_meta(
-            ['og:description', 'description', 'twitter:description'], webpage, default=None)
-
-        headers = {
-            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:53.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/66.0',
-            'referer': url
-        }
-
-        pass_md5 = self._html_search_regex(r'(/pass_md5.*?)\'', webpage, 'pass_md5')
-        final_url = ''.join((
-            self._download_webpage(f'https://dood.to{pass_md5}', video_id, headers=headers),
-            *(random.choice(string.ascii_letters + string.digits) for _ in range(10)),
-            f'?token={token}&expiry={int(time.time() * 1000)}',
-        ))
-
-        return {
-            'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'url': final_url,
-            'http_headers': headers,
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'description': description,
-            'thumbnail': thumb,
-        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/douyutv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/douyutv.py
index 477f4687cd..fa40844df5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/douyutv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/douyutv.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import time
 import hashlib
 import re
+import urllib
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 class DouyuTVIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_DESC = '斗鱼'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?douyu(?:tv)?\.com/(?:[^/]+/)*(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?douyu(?:tv)?\.com/(topic/\w+\?rid=|(?:[^/]+/))*(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://www.douyutv.com/iseven',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ class DouyuTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'flv',
             'title': 're:^清晨醒脑！根本停不下来！ [0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2} [0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}$',
             'description': r're:.*m7show@163\.com.*',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.png',
             'uploader': '7师傅',
             'is_live': True,
         },
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ class DouyuTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'flv',
             'title': 're:^小漠从零单排记！——CSOL2躲猫猫 [0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2} [0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}$',
             'description': 'md5:746a2f7a253966a06755a912f0acc0d2',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.png',
             'uploader': 'douyu小漠',
             'is_live': True,
         },
@@ -53,13 +54,28 @@ class DouyuTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'flv',
             'title': 're:^清晨醒脑！根本停不下来！ [0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2} [0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}$',
             'description': r're:.*m7show@163\.com.*',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.png',
             'uploader': '7师傅',
             'is_live': True,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.douyu.com/topic/ydxc?rid=6560603',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6560603',
+            'display_id': '6560603',
+            'ext': 'flv',
+            'title': 're:^阿余：新年快乐恭喜发财！ [0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2} [0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}$',
+            'description': 're:.*直播时间.*',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.png',
+            'uploader': '阿涛皎月Carry',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.douyu.com/xiaocang',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -79,28 +95,24 @@ class DouyuTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             room_id = self._html_search_regex(
                 r'"room_id\\?"\s*:\s*(\d+),', page, 'room id')
 
-        # Grab metadata from mobile API
+        # Grab metadata from API
+        params = {
+            'aid': 'wp',
+            'client_sys': 'wp',
+            'time': int(time.time()),
+        }
+        params['auth'] = hashlib.md5(
+            f'room/{video_id}?{urllib.parse.urlencode(params)}zNzMV1y4EMxOHS6I5WKm'.encode()).hexdigest()
         room = self._download_json(
-            'http://m.douyu.com/html5/live?roomId=%s' % room_id, video_id,
-            note='Downloading room info')['data']
+            f'http://www.douyutv.com/api/v1/room/{room_id}', video_id,
+            note='Downloading room info', query=params)['data']
 
         # 1 = live, 2 = offline
         if room.get('show_status') == '2':
             raise ExtractorError('Live stream is offline', expected=True)
 
-        # Grab the URL from PC client API
-        # The m3u8 url from mobile API requires re-authentication every 5 minutes
-        tt = int(time.time())
-        signContent = 'lapi/live/thirdPart/getPlay/%s?aid=pcclient&rate=0&time=%d9TUk5fjjUjg9qIMH3sdnh' % (room_id, tt)
-        sign = hashlib.md5(signContent.encode('ascii')).hexdigest()
-        video_url = self._download_json(
-            'http://coapi.douyucdn.cn/lapi/live/thirdPart/getPlay/' + room_id,
-            video_id, note='Downloading video URL info',
-            query={'rate': 0}, headers={
-                'auth': sign,
-                'time': str(tt),
-                'aid': 'pcclient'
-            })['data']['live_url']
+        video_url = urljoin('https://hls3-akm.douyucdn.cn/', self._search_regex(r'(live/.*)', room['hls_url'], 'URL'))
+        formats, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(video_url, room_id)
 
         title = unescapeHTML(room['room_name'])
         description = room.get('show_details')
@@ -110,12 +122,13 @@ class DouyuTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         return {
             'id': room_id,
             'display_id': video_id,
-            'url': video_url,
             'title': title,
             'description': description,
             'thumbnail': thumbnail,
             'uploader': uploader,
             'is_live': True,
+            'subtitles': subs,
+            'formats': formats,
         }
 
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dplay.py
index e16856b2b9..8eb4d8ffa8 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dplay.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dplay.py
@@ -126,7 +126,6 @@ class DPlayBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': format_url,
                     'format_id': format_id,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         creator = series = None
         tags = []
@@ -745,6 +744,45 @@ class MotorTrendIE(DiscoveryPlusBaseIE):
     }
 
 
+class MotorTrendOnDemandIE(DiscoveryPlusBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?motortrendondemand\.com/detail' + DPlayBaseIE._PATH_REGEX
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.motortrendondemand.com/detail/wheelstanding-dump-truck-stubby-bobs-comeback/37699/784',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '37699',
+            'display_id': 'wheelstanding-dump-truck-stubby-bobs-comeback/37699',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Wheelstanding Dump Truck! Stubby Bob’s Comeback',
+            'description': 'md5:996915abe52a1c3dfc83aecea3cce8e7',
+            'season_number': 5,
+            'episode_number': 52,
+            'episode': 'Episode 52',
+            'season': 'Season 5',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpe?g$',
+            'timestamp': 1388534401,
+            'duration': 1887.345,
+            'creator': 'Originals',
+            'series': 'Roadkill',
+            'upload_date': '20140101',
+            'tags': [],
+        },
+    }]
+
+    _PRODUCT = 'MTOD'
+    _DISCO_API_PARAMS = {
+        'disco_host': 'us1-prod-direct.motortrendondemand.com',
+        'realm': 'motortrend',
+        'country': 'us',
+    }
+
+    def _update_disco_api_headers(self, headers, disco_base, display_id, realm):
+        headers.update({
+            'x-disco-params': f'realm={realm}',
+            'x-disco-client': f'WEB:UNKNOWN:{self._PRODUCT}:4.39.1-gi1',
+            'Authorization': self._get_auth(disco_base, display_id, realm),
+        })
+
+
 class DiscoveryPlusIE(DiscoveryPlusBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?discoveryplus\.com/(?!it/)(?:\w{2}/)?video' + DPlayBaseIE._PATH_REGEX
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -907,6 +945,9 @@ class DiscoveryPlusItalyIE(DiscoveryPlusBaseIE):
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.discoveryplus.com/it/video/i-signori-della-neve/stagione-2-episodio-1-i-preparativi',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.discoveryplus.com/it/video/super-benny/trailer',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     _PRODUCT = 'dplus_us'
@@ -916,6 +957,13 @@ class DiscoveryPlusItalyIE(DiscoveryPlusBaseIE):
         'country': 'it',
     }
 
+    def _update_disco_api_headers(self, headers, disco_base, display_id, realm):
+        headers.update({
+            'x-disco-params': 'realm=%s' % realm,
+            'x-disco-client': f'WEB:UNKNOWN:{self._PRODUCT}:25.2.6',
+            'Authorization': self._get_auth(disco_base, display_id, realm),
+        })
+
 
 class DiscoveryPlusItalyShowIE(DiscoveryPlusShowBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?discoveryplus\.it/programmi/(?P<show_name>[^/]+)/?(?:[?#]|$)'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/drbonanza.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/drbonanza.py
index dca8c89d04..824d70defb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/drbonanza.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/drbonanza.py
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ class DRBonanzaIE(InfoExtractor):
         info = self._parse_html5_media_entries(
             url, webpage, display_id, m3u8_id='hls',
             m3u8_entry_protocol='m3u8_native')[0]
-        self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
 
         asset = self._parse_json(
             self._search_regex(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dreisat.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dreisat.py
index 80a724607c..8a59c23ab2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dreisat.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dreisat.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from .zdf import ZDFIE
 
 
-class DreiSatIE(ZDFIE):
+class DreiSatIE(ZDFIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = '3sat'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?3sat\.de/(?:[^/]+/)*(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)\.html'
     _TESTS = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dropbox.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dropbox.py
index 0d12513b29..214b309bfd 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dropbox.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dropbox.py
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class DropboxIE(InfoExtractor):
                 raise ExtractorError('Password protected video, use --video-password <password>', expected=True)
 
         info_json = self._search_json(r'InitReact\.mountComponent\(.*?,', webpage, 'mountComponent', video_id,
-                                      contains_pattern=r'.+?"preview".+?', end_pattern=r'\)')['props']
+                                      contains_pattern=r'{.+?"preview".+?}', end_pattern=r'\)')['props']
         transcode_url = traverse_obj(info_json, ((None, 'preview'), 'file', 'preview', 'content', 'transcode_url'), get_all=False)
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(transcode_url, video_id)
 
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ class DropboxIE(InfoExtractor):
             video_url = re.sub(r'[?&]dl=0', '', url)
             video_url += ('?' if '?' not in video_url else '&') + 'dl=1'
             formats.append({'url': video_url, 'format_id': 'original', 'format_note': 'Original', 'quality': 1})
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/drtuber.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/drtuber.py
index 824c2be120..e5dab6ac0d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/drtuber.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/drtuber.py
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ class DrTuberIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'quality': 2 if format_id == 'hq' else 1,
                     'url': video_url
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         duration = int_or_none(video_data.get('duration')) or parse_duration(
             video_data.get('duration_format'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/drtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/drtv.py
index 708b72fae3..470546bbcd 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/drtv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/drtv.py
@@ -2,22 +2,24 @@ import binascii
 import hashlib
 import re
 
-
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..aes import aes_cbc_decrypt_bytes, unpad_pkcs7
 from ..compat import compat_urllib_parse_unquote
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
-    int_or_none,
     float_or_none,
+    int_or_none,
     mimetype2ext,
     str_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
     try_get,
     unified_timestamp,
     update_url_query,
     url_or_none,
 )
 
+SERIES_API = 'https://production-cdn.dr-massive.com/api/page?device=web_browser&item_detail_expand=all&lang=da&max_list_prefetch=3&path=%s'
+
 
 class DRTVIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
@@ -141,13 +143,13 @@ class DRTVIE(InfoExtractor):
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        raw_video_id = self._match_id(url)
 
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, raw_video_id)
 
         if '>Programmet er ikke længere tilgængeligt' in webpage:
             raise ExtractorError(
-                'Video %s is not available' % video_id, expected=True)
+                'Video %s is not available' % raw_video_id, expected=True)
 
         video_id = self._search_regex(
             (r'data-(?:material-identifier|episode-slug)="([^"]+)"',
@@ -182,6 +184,11 @@ class DRTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         data = self._download_json(
             programcard_url, video_id, 'Downloading video JSON', query=query)
 
+        supplementary_data = {}
+        if re.search(r'_\d+$', raw_video_id):
+            supplementary_data = self._download_json(
+                SERIES_API % f'/episode/{raw_video_id}', raw_video_id, fatal=False) or {}
+
         title = str_or_none(data.get('Title')) or re.sub(
             r'\s*\|\s*(?:TV\s*\|\s*DR|DRTV)$', '',
             self._og_search_title(webpage))
@@ -300,8 +307,6 @@ class DRTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'Unfortunately, DR is not allowed to show this program outside Denmark.',
                 countries=self._GEO_COUNTRIES)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -315,8 +320,8 @@ class DRTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             'season': str_or_none(data.get('SeasonTitle')),
             'season_number': int_or_none(data.get('SeasonNumber')),
             'season_id': str_or_none(data.get('SeasonUrn')),
-            'episode': str_or_none(data.get('EpisodeTitle')),
-            'episode_number': int_or_none(data.get('EpisodeNumber')),
+            'episode': traverse_obj(supplementary_data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'contextualTitle')) or str_or_none(data.get('EpisodeTitle')),
+            'episode_number': traverse_obj(supplementary_data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'episodeNumber')) or int_or_none(data.get('EpisodeNumber')),
             'release_year': int_or_none(data.get('ProductionYear')),
         }
 
@@ -366,7 +371,6 @@ class DRTVLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                         formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(update_url_query(
                             '%s/%s' % (server, stream_path), {'hdcore': '3.7.0'}),
                             channel_id, f4m_id=link_type, fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': channel_id,
@@ -375,3 +379,92 @@ class DRTVLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             'formats': formats,
             'is_live': True,
         }
+
+
+class DRTVSeasonIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'drtv:season'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:dr\.dk|dr-massive\.com)/drtv/saeson/(?P<display_id>[\w-]+)_(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['DK']
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/drtv/saeson/frank-and-kastaniegaarden_9008',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '9008',
+            'display_id': 'frank-and-kastaniegaarden',
+            'title': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+            'series': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 8
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/drtv/saeson/frank-and-kastaniegaarden_8761',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '8761',
+            'display_id': 'frank-and-kastaniegaarden',
+            'title': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+            'series': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 19
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id, season_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('display_id', 'id')
+        data = self._download_json(SERIES_API % f'/saeson/{display_id}_{season_id}', display_id)
+
+        entries = [{
+            '_type': 'url',
+            'url': f'https://www.dr.dk/drtv{episode["path"]}',
+            'ie_key': DRTVIE.ie_key(),
+            'title': episode.get('title'),
+            'episode': episode.get('episodeName'),
+            'description': episode.get('shortDescription'),
+            'series': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
+            'season_number': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'seasonNumber')),
+            'episode_number': episode.get('episodeNumber'),
+        } for episode in traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'episodes', 'items'))]
+
+        return {
+            '_type': 'playlist',
+            'id': season_id,
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'title': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
+            'series': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
+            'entries': entries,
+            'season_number': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'seasonNumber'))
+        }
+
+
+class DRTVSeriesIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'drtv:series'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:dr\.dk|dr-massive\.com)/drtv/serie/(?P<display_id>[\w-]+)_(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['DK']
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.dr.dk/drtv/serie/frank-and-kastaniegaarden_6954',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6954',
+            'display_id': 'frank-and-kastaniegaarden',
+            'title': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+            'series': 'Frank & Kastaniegaarden',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 15
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id, series_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('display_id', 'id')
+        data = self._download_json(SERIES_API % f'/serie/{display_id}_{series_id}', display_id)
+
+        entries = [{
+            '_type': 'url',
+            'url': f'https://www.dr.dk/drtv{season.get("path")}',
+            'ie_key': DRTVSeasonIE.ie_key(),
+            'title': season.get('title'),
+            'series': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
+            'season_number': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'seasonNumber'))
+        } for season in traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'show', 'seasons', 'items'))]
+
+        return {
+            '_type': 'playlist',
+            'id': series_id,
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'title': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
+            'series': traverse_obj(data, ('entries', 0, 'item', 'title')),
+            'entries': entries
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dumpert.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dumpert.py
index dc61115ff7..010c2d092d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dumpert.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dumpert.py
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ class DumpertIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': version,
                 'quality': quality(version),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         stills = item.get('stills') or {}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dvtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dvtv.py
index 61d469f11c..e67143370b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dvtv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dvtv.py
@@ -142,7 +142,6 @@ class DVTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'format_id': join_nonempty('http', ext, label),
                         'height': int_or_none(height),
                     })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': data.get('mediaid') or video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/dw.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/dw.py
index ee2365ddd0..9c4a08e54f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dw.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dw.py
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ class DWIE(InfoExtractor):
                 transform_source=lambda s: s.replace(
                     'rtmp://tv-od.dw.de/flash/',
                     'http://tv-download.dw.de/dwtv_video/flv/'))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         upload_date = hidden_inputs.get('display_date')
         if not upload_date:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/eagleplatform.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/eagleplatform.py
index 7e5047b560..9ebd24d808 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/eagleplatform.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/eagleplatform.py
@@ -192,8 +192,6 @@ class EaglePlatformIE(InfoExtractor):
                 f['url'] = format_url
                 formats.append(f)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ebay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ebay.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0eb9fc51c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ebay.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import remove_end
+
+
+class EbayIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?ebay\.com/itm/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.ebay.com/itm/194509326719',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '194509326719',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'WiFi internal antenna adhesive for wifi 2.4GHz wifi 5 wifi 6 wifi 6E full bands',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'}
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        video_json = self._search_json(r'"video":', webpage, 'video json', video_id)
+
+        formats = []
+        for key, url in video_json['playlistMap'].items():
+            if key == 'HLS':
+                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(url, video_id, fatal=False))
+            elif key == 'DASH':
+                formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(url, video_id, fatal=False))
+            else:
+                self.report_warning(f'Unsupported format {key}', video_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': remove_end(self._html_extract_title(webpage), ' | eBay'),
+            'formats': formats
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/egghead.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/egghead.py
index d5c954961f..a4b2a12f68 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/egghead.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/egghead.py
@@ -117,7 +117,6 @@ class EggheadLessonIE(EggheadBaseIE):
                 formats.append({
                     'url': format_url,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': lesson_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/einthusan.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/einthusan.py
index 37be68c613..53bc2535d0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/einthusan.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/einthusan.py
@@ -89,8 +89,6 @@ class EinthusanIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': mp4_url,
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         description = get_elements_by_class('synopsis', webpage)[0]
         thumbnail = self._html_search_regex(
             r'''<img[^>]+src=(["'])(?P<url>(?!\1).+?/moviecovers/(?!\1).+?)\1''',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/eitb.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/eitb.py
index 01a47f6fde..bd027da6b4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/eitb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/eitb.py
@@ -71,8 +71,6 @@ class EitbIE(InfoExtractor):
                 '%s?hdcore=3.7.0' % hds_url.replace('euskalsvod', 'euskalvod'),
                 video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': media.get('NAME_ES') or media.get('name') or media['NAME_EU'],
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ellentube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ellentube.py
index bcd458cdf4..6eb00f9c98 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ellentube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ellentube.py
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ class EllenTubeBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls')
                 duration = int_or_none(entry.get('duration'))
                 break
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         def get_insight(kind):
             return int_or_none(try_get(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/elonet.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/elonet.py
index f99e12250e..c5558ffcd9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/elonet.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/elonet.py
@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ class ElonetIE(InfoExtractor):
         else:
             formats, subtitles = [], {}
             self.raise_no_formats(f'Unknown streaming format {ext}')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/embedly.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/embedly.py
index 483d018bb4..458aaa0a08 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/embedly.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/embedly.py
@@ -1,24 +1,109 @@
 import re
 import urllib.parse
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..compat import compat_urllib_parse_unquote
+from .youtube import YoutubeTabIE
+from ..utils import parse_qs, smuggle_url, traverse_obj
 
 
 class EmbedlyIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www|cdn\.)?embedly\.com/widgets/media\.html\?(?:[^#]*?&)?url=(?P<id>[^#&]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www|cdn\.)?embedly\.com/widgets/media\.html\?(?:[^#]*?&)?(?:src|url)=(?:[^#&]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://cdn.embedly.com/widgets/media.html?src=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fembed%2Fvideoseries%3Flist%3DUUGLim4T2loE5rwCMdpCIPVg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DSU4fj_aEMVw%26list%3DUUGLim4T2loE5rwCMdpCIPVg&image=http%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FSU4fj_aEMVw%2Fhqdefault.jpg&key=8ee8a2e6a8cc47aab1a5ee67f9a178e0&type=text%2Fhtml&schema=youtube&autoplay=1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UUGLim4T2loE5rwCMdpCIPVg',
+            'modified_date': '20221225',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@TraciHinesMusic',
+            'channel_id': 'UCGLim4T2loE5rwCMdpCIPVg',
+            'uploader': 'TraciJHines',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@TraciHinesMusic',
+            'channel': 'TraciJHines',
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCGLim4T2loE5rwCMdpCIPVg',
+            'description': '',
+            'tags': [],
+            'title': 'Uploads from TraciJHines',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 10,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://cdn.embedly.com/widgets/media.html?src=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fembed%2Fvideoseries%3Flist%3DUUGLim4T2loE5rwCMdpCIPVg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DSU4fj_aEMVw%26list%3DUUGLim4T2loE5rwCMdpCIPVg&image=http%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FSU4fj_aEMVw%2Fhqdefault.jpg&key=8ee8a2e6a8cc47aab1a5ee67f9a178e0&type=text%2Fhtml&schema=youtube&autoplay=1',
+        'params': {'noplaylist': True},
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'SU4fj_aEMVw',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'I\'m on Patreon!',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/SU4fj_aEMVw/maxresdefault.webp',
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'channel': 'TraciJHines',
+            'uploader_id': 'TraciJHines',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGLim4T2loE5rwCMdpCIPVg',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/TraciJHines',
+            'upload_date': '20150211',
+            'duration': 282,
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'tags': 'count:39',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'channel_id': 'UCGLim4T2loE5rwCMdpCIPVg',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'uploader': 'TraciJHines',
+            'description': 'md5:8af6425f50bd46fbf29f3db0fc3a8364',
+            'chapters': list,
+
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://cdn.embedly.com/widgets/media.html?src=https://player.vimeo.com/video/1234567?h=abcdefgh',
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'http://www.permacultureetc.com/2022/12/comment-greffer-facilement-les-arbres-fruitiers.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'pfUK_ADTvgY',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Comment greffer facilement les arbres fruitiers ? (mois par mois)',
+            'description': 'md5:d3a876995e522f138aabb48e040bfb4c',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'upload_date': '20221210',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'channel_id': 'UCsM4_jihNFYe4CtSkXvDR-Q',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'tags': ['permaculture', 'jardinage', 'dekarz', 'autonomie', 'greffe', 'fruitiers', 'arbres', 'jardin forêt', 'forêt comestible', 'damien'],
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'uploader': 'permaculture agroécologie etc...',
+            'channel': 'permaculture agroécologie etc...',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/pfUK_ADTvgY/sddefault.jpg',
+            'duration': 1526,
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsM4_jihNFYe4CtSkXvDR-Q',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'uploader_id': 'permacultureetc',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/permacultureetc',
+            'categories': ['Education'],
+            'availability': 'public',
+        },
+    }]
+
     @classmethod
-    def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
-        # Bypass suitable check
+    def _extract_from_webpage(cls, url, webpage):
+        # Bypass "ie=cls" and suitable check
         for mobj in re.finditer(r'class=["\']embedly-card["\'][^>]href=["\'](?P<url>[^"\']+)', webpage):
-            yield mobj.group('url')
+            yield cls.url_result(mobj.group('url'))
 
         for mobj in re.finditer(r'class=["\']embedly-embed["\'][^>]src=["\'][^"\']*url=(?P<url>[^&]+)', webpage):
-            yield urllib.parse.unquote(mobj.group('url'))
+            yield cls.url_result(urllib.parse.unquote(mobj.group('url')))
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        return self.url_result(compat_urllib_parse_unquote(self._match_id(url)))
+        qs = parse_qs(url)
+        src = urllib.parse.unquote(traverse_obj(qs, ('url', 0)) or '')
+        if src and YoutubeTabIE.suitable(src):
+            return self.url_result(src, YoutubeTabIE)
+        return self.url_result(smuggle_url(
+            urllib.parse.unquote(traverse_obj(qs, ('src', 0), ('url', 0))),
+            {'http_headers': {'Referer': url}}))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/epicon.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/epicon.py
index 89424785ec..3bfcc5470c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/epicon.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/epicon.py
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ class EpiconIE(InfoExtractor):
         description = self._og_search_description(webpage) or None
         thumbnail = self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage) or None
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(data_json['url']['video_url'], id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for subtitle in data_json.get('subtitles', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/epoch.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/epoch.py
index 13eeabe3e4..110e78c5bc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/epoch.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/epoch.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import extract_attributes, get_element_html_by_id
 
 
 class EpochIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -28,13 +29,21 @@ class EpochIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'title': 'Kash Patel: A ‘6-Year-Saga’ of Government Corruption, From Russiagate to Mar-a-Lago',
             }
         },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.theepochtimes.com/dick-morris-discusses-his-book-the-return-trumps-big-2024-comeback_4819205.html',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '9489f994-2a20-4812-b233-ac0e5c345632',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Dick Morris Discusses His Book ‘The Return: Trump’s Big 2024 Comeback’',
+            }
+        },
     ]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
-        youmaker_video_id = self._search_regex(r'data-trailer="[\w-]+" data-id="([\w-]+)"', webpage, 'url')
+        youmaker_video_id = extract_attributes(get_element_html_by_id('videobox', webpage))['data-id']
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
             f'http://vs1.youmaker.com/assets/{youmaker_video_id}/playlist.m3u8', video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/eporner.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/eporner.py
index 6bc70c5c61..a2337979b8 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/eporner.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/eporner.py
@@ -106,7 +106,6 @@ class EpornerIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'height': height,
                         'fps': fps,
                     })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         json_ld = self._search_json_ld(webpage, display_id, default={})
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ertgr.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ertgr.py
index eb52ad0310..9ecdf5d3b7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ertgr.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ertgr.py
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class ERTFlixCodenameIE(ERTFlixBaseIE):
     },
     ]
 
-    def _extract_formats_and_subs(self, video_id, allow_none=True):
+    def _extract_formats_and_subs(self, video_id):
         media_info = self._call_api(video_id, codename=video_id)
         formats, subs = [], {}
         for media_file in try_get(media_info, lambda x: x['MediaFiles'], list) or []:
@@ -97,8 +97,6 @@ class ERTFlixCodenameIE(ERTFlixBaseIE):
                 formats.extend(formats_)
                 self._merge_subtitles(subs_, target=subs)
 
-        if formats or not allow_none:
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats, subs
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -292,7 +290,6 @@ class ERTWebtvEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
             f'https://mediastream.ert.gr/vodedge/_definst_/mp4:dvrorigin/{video_id}/playlist.m3u8',
             video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         thumbnail_id = parse_qs(url).get('bgimg', [None])[0]
         if thumbnail_id and not thumbnail_id.startswith('http'):
             thumbnail_id = f'https://program.ert.gr{thumbnail_id}'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/escapist.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/escapist.py
index 5d9c46f72d..85a1cbf400 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/escapist.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/escapist.py
@@ -95,7 +95,6 @@ class EscapistIE(InfoExtractor):
             'format_id': '%s-%sp' % (determine_ext(video['src']), video['res']),
             'height': int_or_none(video.get('res')),
         } for video in data['files']['videos']]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/espn.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/espn.py
index ba0a98beab..7ed824ca80 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/espn.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/espn.py
@@ -162,7 +162,6 @@ class ESPNIE(OnceIE):
         links = clip.get('links', {})
         traverse_source(links.get('source', {}))
         traverse_source(links.get('mobile', {}))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = clip.get('caption') or clip.get('description')
         thumbnail = clip.get('thumbnail')
@@ -241,7 +240,7 @@ class FiveThirtyEightIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 
 class ESPNCricInfoIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?espncricinfo\.com/video/[^#$&?/]+-(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?espncricinfo\.com/(?:cricket-)?videos?/[^#$&?/]+-(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.espncricinfo.com/video/finch-chasing-comes-with-risks-despite-world-cup-trend-1289135',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -253,6 +252,17 @@ class ESPNCricInfoIE(InfoExtractor):
             'duration': 96,
         },
         'params': {'skip_download': True}
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.espncricinfo.com/cricket-videos/daryl-mitchell-mitchell-santner-is-one-of-the-best-white-ball-spinners-india-vs-new-zealand-1356225',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1356225',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'description': '"Santner has done it for a long time for New Zealand - we\'re lucky to have him"',
+            'upload_date': '20230128',
+            'title': 'Mitchell: \'Santner is one of the best white-ball spinners at the moment\'',
+            'duration': 87,
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -269,7 +279,6 @@ class ESPNCricInfoIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': item['url'],
                     'vcodec': 'none',
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': id,
             'title': data_json.get('title'),
@@ -400,7 +409,6 @@ class WatchESPNIE(AdobePassIE):
             m3u8_url, headers = asset['stream'], {}
 
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/esri.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/esri.py
index 1736788db2..02e7efaf0d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/esri.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/esri.py
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ class EsriVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'height': int(height),
                     'filesize_approx': parse_filesize(filesize),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._html_search_meta('title', webpage, 'title')
         description = self._html_search_meta(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/europa.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/europa.py
index ea20b4d4d4..29daabe4a3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/europa.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/europa.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from ..utils import (
     int_or_none,
     orderedSet,
     parse_duration,
+    parse_iso8601,
     parse_qs,
     qualities,
     unified_strdate,
@@ -76,7 +77,6 @@ class EuropaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_note': xpath_text(file_, './lglabel'),
                 'language_preference': language_preference(lang)
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -88,3 +88,86 @@ class EuropaIE(InfoExtractor):
             'view_count': view_count,
             'formats': formats
         }
+
+
+class EuroParlWebstreamIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
+        https?://(?:multimedia|webstreaming)\.europarl\.europa\.eu/[^/#?]+/
+        (?:embed/embed\.html\?event=|(?!video)[^/#?]+/[\w-]+_)(?P<id>[\w-]+)
+    '''
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/pl/webstreaming/plenary-session_20220914-0900-PLENARY',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'bcaa1db4-76ef-7e06-8da7-839bd0ad1dbe',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'release_timestamp': 1663137900,
+            'title': 'Plenary session',
+            'release_date': '20220914',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/pl/webstreaming/eu-cop27-un-climate-change-conference-in-sharm-el-sheikh-egypt-ep-delegation-meets-with-ngo-represen_20221114-1600-SPECIAL-OTHER',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'a8428de8-b9cd-6a2e-11e4-3805d9c9ff5c',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'release_timestamp': 1668434400,
+            'release_date': '20221114',
+            'title': 'md5:d3550280c33cc70e0678652e3d52c028',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        }
+    }, {
+        # embed webpage
+        'url': 'https://webstreaming.europarl.europa.eu/ep/embed/embed.html?event=20220914-0900-PLENARY&language=en&autoplay=true&logo=true',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'bcaa1db4-76ef-7e06-8da7-839bd0ad1dbe',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Plenary session',
+            'release_date': '20220914',
+            'release_timestamp': 1663137900,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        }
+    }, {
+        # live webstream
+        'url': 'https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/en/webstreaming/euroscola_20221115-1000-SPECIAL-EUROSCOLA',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'id': '510eda7f-ba72-161b-7ee7-0e836cd2e715',
+            'release_timestamp': 1668502800,
+            'title': 'Euroscola 2022-11-15 19:21',
+            'release_date': '20221115',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+        },
+        'skip': 'not live anymore'
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        json_info = self._download_json(
+            'https://vis-api.vuplay.co.uk/event/external', display_id,
+            query={
+                'player_key': 'europarl|718f822c-a48c-4841-9947-c9cb9bb1743c',
+                'external_id': display_id,
+            })
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(json_info['streaming_url'], display_id)
+        fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+            json_info['streaming_url'].replace('.mpd', '.m3u8'), display_id)
+
+        formats.extend(fmts)
+        self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+
+        return {
+            'id': json_info['id'],
+            'title': json_info.get('title'),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'release_timestamp': parse_iso8601(json_info.get('published_start')),
+            'is_live': 'LIVE' in json_info.get('state', '')
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/eurosport.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/eurosport.py
index 5681499fb3..654e112064 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/eurosport.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/eurosport.py
@@ -83,8 +83,6 @@ class EurosportIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats.extend(fmts)
             self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': json_data['id'],
             'title': json_ld_data.get('title') or self._og_search_title(webpage),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/euscreen.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/euscreen.py
index 4435f08e0d..65a1dc7c50 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/euscreen.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/euscreen.py
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ class EUScreenIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = [{
             'url': source['src'],
         } for source in video_json.get('sources', [])]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/expotv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/expotv.py
index 92eaf4248a..bda6e3cb29 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/expotv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/expotv.py
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ class ExpoTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                         r'filename=.*\.([a-z0-9_A-Z]+)&', media_url,
                         'file extension', default=None) or fcfg.get('type'),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._og_search_title(webpage)
         description = self._og_search_description(webpage)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/expressen.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/expressen.py
index 5381e98804..86967b631b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/expressen.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/expressen.py
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ class ExpressenIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats = [{
                 'url': stream,
             }]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = info.get('titleRaw') or data['title']
         description = info.get('descriptionRaw')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/extractors.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/extractors.py
index 32818a024a..baa69d2421 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/extractors.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/extractors.py
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 import contextlib
 import os
 
-from ..utils import load_plugins
+from ..plugins import load_plugins
+
+# NB: Must be before other imports so that plugins can be correctly injected
+_PLUGIN_CLASSES = load_plugins('extractor', 'IE')
 
 _LAZY_LOADER = False
 if not os.environ.get('YTDLP_NO_LAZY_EXTRACTORS'):
@@ -19,5 +22,7 @@ if not _LAZY_LOADER:
     ]
     _ALL_CLASSES.append(GenericIE)  # noqa: F405
 
-_PLUGIN_CLASSES = load_plugins('extractor', 'IE', globals())
-_ALL_CLASSES = list(_PLUGIN_CLASSES.values()) + _ALL_CLASSES
+globals().update(_PLUGIN_CLASSES)
+_ALL_CLASSES[:0] = _PLUGIN_CLASSES.values()
+
+from .common import _PLUGIN_OVERRIDES  # noqa: F401
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/extremetube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/extremetube.py
index 99520b6a0c..2c1969899e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/extremetube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/extremetube.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from ..utils import str_to_int
 from .keezmovies import KeezMoviesIE
 
 
-class ExtremeTubeIE(KeezMoviesIE):
+class ExtremeTubeIE(KeezMoviesIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?extremetube\.com/(?:[^/]+/)?video/(?P<id>[^/#?&]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://www.extremetube.com/video/music-video-14-british-euro-brit-european-cumshots-swallow-652431',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/facebook.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/facebook.py
index 35acbc6430..1404be612e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/facebook.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/facebook.py
@@ -461,13 +461,12 @@ class FacebookIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.extend(self._parse_mpd_formats(
                     compat_etree_fromstring(urllib.parse.unquote_plus(dash_manifest))))
 
-        def process_formats(formats):
+        def process_formats(info):
             # Downloads with browser's User-Agent are rate limited. Working around
             # with non-browser User-Agent.
-            for f in formats:
+            for f in info['formats']:
                 f.setdefault('http_headers', {})['User-Agent'] = 'facebookexternalhit/1.1'
-
-            self._sort_formats(formats, ('res', 'quality'))
+            info['_format_sort_fields'] = ('res', 'quality')
 
         def extract_relay_data(_filter):
             return self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
@@ -510,7 +509,6 @@ class FacebookIE(InfoExtractor):
                                 'url': playable_url,
                             })
                     extract_dash_manifest(video, formats)
-                    process_formats(formats)
                     v_id = video.get('videoId') or video.get('id') or video_id
                     info = {
                         'id': v_id,
@@ -521,6 +519,7 @@ class FacebookIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'timestamp': int_or_none(video.get('publish_time')),
                         'duration': float_or_none(video.get('playable_duration_in_ms'), 1000),
                     }
+                    process_formats(info)
                     description = try_get(video, lambda x: x['savable_description']['text'])
                     title = video.get('name')
                     if title:
@@ -687,13 +686,12 @@ class FacebookIE(InfoExtractor):
             if subtitles_src:
                 subtitles.setdefault('en', []).append({'url': subtitles_src})
 
-        process_formats(formats)
-
         info_dict = {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
         }
+        process_formats(info_dict)
         info_dict.update(extract_metadata(webpage))
 
         return info_dict
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fancode.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fancode.py
index 9716e581a9..1b5db818a1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fancode.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fancode.py
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ class FancodeVodIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
-class FancodeLiveIE(FancodeVodIE):
+class FancodeLiveIE(FancodeVodIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'fancode:live'
 
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(www\.)?fancode\.com/match/(?P<id>[0-9]+).+'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/faz.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/faz.py
index cc12fda2b9..bca62add9f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/faz.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/faz.py
@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ class FazIE(InfoExtractor):
                             'tbr': tbr or int(mobj.group(3)),
                         })
                     formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fc2.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fc2.py
index 3501c4cf6b..dd5e088fc1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fc2.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fc2.py
@@ -250,7 +250,6 @@ class FC2LiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                             'Referer': url,
                         }))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         for fmt in formats:
             fmt.update({
                 'protocol': 'fc2_live',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fczenit.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fczenit.py
index df40888e1b..8175b6b0f7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fczenit.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fczenit.py
@@ -38,8 +38,6 @@ class FczenitIE(InfoExtractor):
             'height': int_or_none(q.get('label')),
         } for q in msi_data['qualities'] if q.get('url')]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         tags = [tag['label'] for tag in msi_data.get('tags', []) if tag.get('label')]
 
         return {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fifa.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fifa.py
index e170b67a7f..8b4db3a8ae 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fifa.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fifa.py
@@ -17,8 +17,10 @@ class FifaIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': 'md5:f4520d0ee80529c8ba4134a7d692ff8b',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'categories': ['FIFA Tournaments'],
-            'thumbnail': 'https://digitalhub.fifa.com/transform/fa6f0b3e-a2e9-4cf7-9f32-53c57bcb7360/2006_Final_ITA_FRA',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://digitalhub.fifa.com/transform/135e2656-3a51-407b-8810-6c34bec5b59b/FMR_2006_Italy_France_Final_Hero',
             'duration': 8165,
+            'release_timestamp': 1152403200,
+            'release_date': '20060709',
         },
         'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }, {
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ class FifaIE(InfoExtractor):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
         preconnect_link = self._search_regex(
-            r'<link[^>]+rel\s*=\s*"preconnect"[^>]+href\s*=\s*"([^"]+)"', webpage, 'Preconnect Link')
+            r'<link\b[^>]+\brel\s*=\s*"preconnect"[^>]+href\s*=\s*"([^"]+)"', webpage, 'Preconnect Link')
 
         video_details = self._download_json(
             f'{preconnect_link}/sections/videoDetails/{video_id}', video_id, 'Downloading Video Details', fatal=False)
@@ -62,25 +64,11 @@ class FifaIE(InfoExtractor):
         preplay_parameters = self._download_json(
             f'{preconnect_link}/videoPlayerData/{video_id}', video_id, 'Downloading Preplay Parameters')['preplayParameters']
 
-        cid = preplay_parameters['contentId']
         content_data = self._download_json(
-            f'https://content.uplynk.com/preplay/{cid}/multiple.json', video_id, 'Downloading Content Data', query={
-                'v': preplay_parameters['preplayAPIVersion'],
-                'tc': preplay_parameters['tokenCheckAlgorithmVersion'],
-                'rn': preplay_parameters['randomNumber'],
-                'exp': preplay_parameters['tokenExpirationDate'],
-                'ct': preplay_parameters['contentType'],
-                'cid': cid,
-                'mbtracks': preplay_parameters['tracksAssetNumber'],
-                'ad': preplay_parameters['adConfiguration'],
-                'ad.preroll': int(preplay_parameters['adPreroll']),
-                'ad.cmsid': preplay_parameters['adCMSSourceId'],
-                'ad.vid': preplay_parameters['adSourceVideoID'],
-                'sig': preplay_parameters['signature'],
-            })
+            'https://content.uplynk.com/preplay/{contentId}/multiple.json?{queryStr}&sig={signature}'.format(**preplay_parameters),
+            video_id, 'Downloading Content Data')
 
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(content_data['playURL'], video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/filmmodu.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/filmmodu.py
index d741311925..9eb550eed5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/filmmodu.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/filmmodu.py
@@ -51,8 +51,6 @@ class FilmmoduIE(InfoExtractor):
             'protocol': 'm3u8_native',
         } for source in data['sources']]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         subtitles = {}
 
         if data.get('subtitle'):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/filmon.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/filmon.py
index 7040231bee..9a93cb9840 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/filmon.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/filmon.py
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ class FilmOnIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'quality': QUALITY(stream.get('quality')),
                 'protocol': 'm3u8_native',
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         poster = response.get('poster', {})
@@ -153,7 +152,6 @@ class FilmOnChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'quality': QUALITY(quality),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for name, width, height in self._THUMBNAIL_RES:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/firsttv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/firsttv.py
index 99c27e0c32..f74bd132f5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/firsttv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/firsttv.py
@@ -123,7 +123,6 @@ class FirstTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                     % (path, m3u8_path),
                     display_id, 'mp4',
                     entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             thumbnail = item.get('poster') or self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage)
             duration = int_or_none(item.get('duration') or self._html_search_meta(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fivetv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fivetv.py
index 448c332b3d..1f48cfd363 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fivetv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fivetv.py
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class FiveTVIE(InfoExtractor):
              r'<a[^>]+?href="([^"]+)"[^>]+?class="videoplayer"'],
             webpage, 'video url')
 
-        title = self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None) or self._html_extract_title(webpage)
+        title = self._generic_title('', webpage)
         duration = int_or_none(self._og_search_property(
             'video:duration', webpage, 'duration', default=None))
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/flickr.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/flickr.py
index 9f60a6b1f9..89a40d7e23 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/flickr.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/flickr.py
@@ -89,7 +89,6 @@ class FlickrIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': stream['_content'],
                     'quality': preference(stream_type),
                 })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             owner = video_info.get('owner', {})
             uploader_id = owner.get('nsid')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/folketinget.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/folketinget.py
index 0e69fa32f3..55a11e591b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/folketinget.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/folketinget.py
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ class FolketingetIE(InfoExtractor):
             'url': xpath_text(n, './url', fatal=True),
             'tbr': int_or_none(n.attrib['bitrate']),
         } for n in doc.findall('.//streams/stream')]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fourtube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fourtube.py
index c6af100f37..b6368b87da 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fourtube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fourtube.py
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ class FourTubeBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'resolution': format + 'p',
             'quality': int(format),
         } for format in sources]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fourzerostudio.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fourzerostudio.py
index e1804e39e9..c388a3a072 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fourzerostudio.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fourzerostudio.py
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ class FourZeroStudioArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ssrRefs', lambda _, v: v['__typename'] == 'PublicUser', 'id'), get_all=False)
 
         formats, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(pcb['archiveUrl'], video_id, ext='mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fox.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fox.py
index 5996e86bb7..15c0c48c17 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fox.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fox.py
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ from ..utils import (
     int_or_none,
     parse_age_limit,
     parse_duration,
+    traverse_obj,
     try_get,
     unified_timestamp,
+    url_or_none,
 )
 
 
@@ -34,7 +36,8 @@ class FOXIE(InfoExtractor):
             'creator': 'FOX',
             'series': 'Gotham',
             'age_limit': 14,
-            'episode': 'Aftermath: Bruce Wayne Develops Into The Dark Knight'
+            'episode': 'Aftermath: Bruce Wayne Develops Into The Dark Knight',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
@@ -129,7 +132,6 @@ class FOXIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4',
             entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         data = try_get(
             video, lambda x: x['trackingData']['properties'], dict) or {}
@@ -165,6 +167,7 @@ class FOXIE(InfoExtractor):
             'season_number': int_or_none(video.get('seasonNumber')),
             'episode': video.get('name'),
             'episode_number': int_or_none(video.get('episodeNumber')),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(video, ('images', 'still', 'raw'), expected_type=url_or_none),
             'release_year': int_or_none(video.get('releaseYear')),
             'subtitles': subtitles,
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/foxgay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/foxgay.py
index b285464ec8..f4f29c65d1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/foxgay.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/foxgay.py
@@ -48,8 +48,6 @@ class FoxgayIE(InfoExtractor):
         } for source, resolution in zip(
             video_data['sources'], video_data.get('resolutions', itertools.repeat(None)))]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/foxnews.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/foxnews.py
index a0b1166080..52172aacef 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/foxnews.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/foxnews.py
@@ -75,6 +75,29 @@ class FoxNewsIE(AMPIE):
         return info
 
 
+class FoxNewsVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?foxnews\.com/video/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.foxnews.com/video/6313058664112',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6313058664112',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+/1280x720/match/image\.jpg',
+            'upload_date': '20220930',
+            'description': 'New York City, Kids Therapy, Biden',
+            'duration': 2415,
+            'title': 'Gutfeld! - Thursday, September 29',
+            'timestamp': 1664527538,
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks'],
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        return self.url_result(f'https://video.foxnews.com/v/{video_id}', FoxNewsIE, video_id)
+
+
 class FoxNewsArticleIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:insider\.)?foxnews\.com/(?!v)([^/]+/)+(?P<id>[a-z-]+)'
     IE_NAME = 'foxnews:article'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/foxsports.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/foxsports.py
index f9d7fe52ae..f906a1718d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/foxsports.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/foxsports.py
@@ -1,31 +1,51 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
+from .uplynk import UplynkPreplayIE
+from ..utils import HEADRequest, float_or_none, make_archive_id, smuggle_url
 
 
 class FoxSportsIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?foxsports\.com/(?:[^/]+/)*video/(?P<id>\d+)'
-
-    _TEST = {
-        'url': 'http://www.foxsports.com/tennessee/video/432609859715',
-        'md5': 'b49050e955bebe32c301972e4012ac17',
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?foxsports\.com/watch/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.foxsports.com/watch/play-612168c6700004b',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '432609859715',
+            'id': 'b72f5bd8658140baa5791bb676433733',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Courtney Lee on going up 2-0 in series vs. Blazers',
-            'description': 'Courtney Lee talks about Memphis being focused.',
-            # TODO: fix timestamp
-            'upload_date': '19700101',  # '20150423',
-            # 'timestamp': 1429761109,
-            'uploader': 'NEWA-FNG-FOXSPORTS',
+            'display_id': 'play-612168c6700004b',
+            'title': 'md5:e0c4ecac3a1f25295b4fae22fb5c126a',
+            'description': 'md5:371bc43609708ae2b9e1a939229762af',
+            'uploader_id': '06b4a36349624051a9ba52ac3a91d268',
+            'upload_date': '20221205',
+            'timestamp': 1670262586,
+            'duration': 31.7317,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'extra_param_to_segment_url': str,
         },
         'params': {
-            # m3u8 download
-            'skip_download': True,
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
         },
-        'add_ie': ['ThePlatform'],
-    }
+    }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        json_ld = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, expected_type='VideoObject', default={})
+        data = self._download_json(
+            f'https://api3.fox.com/v2.0/vodplayer/sportsclip/{video_id}',
+            video_id, note='Downloading API JSON', headers={
+                'x-api-key': 'cf289e299efdfa39fb6316f259d1de93',
+            })
+        preplay_url = self._request_webpage(
+            HEADRequest(data['url']), video_id, 'Fetching preplay URL').geturl()
 
-        return self.url_result(
-            'https://feed.theplatform.com/f/BKQ29B/foxsports-all?byId=' + video_id, 'ThePlatformFeed')
+        return {
+            '_type': 'url_transparent',
+            'ie_key': UplynkPreplayIE.ie_key(),
+            'url': smuggle_url(preplay_url, {'Origin': 'https://www.foxsports.com'}),
+            'display_id': video_id,
+            'title': data.get('name') or json_ld.get('title'),
+            'description': data.get('description') or json_ld.get('description'),
+            'duration': float_or_none(data.get('durationInSeconds')),
+            'timestamp': json_ld.get('timestamp'),
+            'thumbnails': json_ld.get('thumbnails'),
+            '_old_archive_ids': [make_archive_id(self, video_id)],
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fptplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fptplay.py
index 1872d8a1ca..85613bafe5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fptplay.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fptplay.py
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ class FptplayIE(InfoExtractor):
         info = self._download_json(
             self.get_api_with_st_token(video_id, int(slug_episode) - 1 if slug_episode else 0), video_id)
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(info['data']['url'], video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': join_nonempty(title, real_episode, delim=' - '),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/francetv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/francetv.py
index 56a00a2387..052317204e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/francetv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/francetv.py
@@ -191,8 +191,6 @@ class FranceTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 } for sheet in spritesheets]
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         if subtitle:
             title += ' - %s' % subtitle
         title = title.strip()
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/freesound.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/freesound.py
index 9724dbdf0f..fcde04469c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/freesound.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/freesound.py
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ class FreesoundIE(InfoExtractor):
         tags_str = get_element_by_class('tags', webpage)
         tags = re.findall(r'<a[^>]+>([^<]+)', tags_str) if tags_str else None
 
+        audio_url = re.sub(r'^https?://freesound\.org(https?://)', r'\1', audio_url)
         audio_urls = [audio_url]
 
         LQ_FORMAT = '-lq.mp3'
@@ -63,7 +64,6 @@ class FreesoundIE(InfoExtractor):
             'format_note': channels,
             'quality': quality,
         } for quality, format_url in enumerate(audio_urls)]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': audio_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/freetv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/freetv.py
index f38bae90b7..757a10d016 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/freetv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/freetv.py
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ class FreeTvMoviesIE(FreeTvBaseIE):
 
         video_id, video_url = api_response['displayMeta']['contentID'], api_response['displayMeta']['streamURLVideo']
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(video_url, video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -106,7 +105,6 @@ class FreeTvIE(FreeTvBaseIE):
         for episode in episodes:
             video_id = str(episode['contentID'])
             formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(episode['streamURL'], video_id, 'mp4')
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             yield {
                 'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/frontendmasters.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/frontendmasters.py
index e0529b7ba7..3bae8add05 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/frontendmasters.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/frontendmasters.py
@@ -160,7 +160,6 @@ class FrontendMastersIE(FrontendMastersBaseIE):
                     'format_id': format_id,
                 })
                 formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {
             'en': [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fujitv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fujitv.py
index d7f49accdc..668bb2743c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fujitv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fujitv.py
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ class FujiTVFODPlus7IE(InfoExtractor):
                                   self._BITRATE_MAP.get(f.get('tbr'), ()))))
             formats.extend(fmt)
             subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ['tbr'])
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -68,4 +67,5 @@ class FujiTVFODPlus7IE(InfoExtractor):
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
             'thumbnail': f'{self._BASE_URL}img/program/{series_id}/episode/{video_id}_a.jpg',
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('tbr', )
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/funimation.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/funimation.py
index c70cf50c7e..47c316664a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/funimation.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/funimation.py
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ class FunimationIE(FunimationBaseIE):
             page = self._download_json(
                 'https://www.funimation.com/api/showexperience/%s/' % experience_id,
                 display_id, headers=headers, expected_status=403, query={
-                    'pinst_id': ''.join([random.choice(string.digits + string.ascii_letters) for _ in range(8)]),
+                    'pinst_id': ''.join(random.choices(string.digits + string.ascii_letters, k=8)),
                 }, note=f'Downloading {format_name} JSON')
             sources = page.get('items') or []
             if not sources:
@@ -247,7 +247,6 @@ class FunimationIE(FunimationBaseIE):
             self.raise_no_formats(
                 'There are no video formats matching the requested languages/versions', expected=True, video_id=display_id)
         self._remove_duplicate_formats(formats)
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ('lang', 'source'))
 
         return {
             'id': episode_id,
@@ -266,6 +265,7 @@ class FunimationIE(FunimationBaseIE):
             'formats': formats,
             'thumbnails': thumbnails,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('lang', 'source'),
         }
 
     def _get_subtitles(self, subtitles, experience_id, episode, display_id, format_name):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/fusion.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/fusion.py
index 46bda49ea8..689422fca4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fusion.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fusion.py
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ class FusionIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'protocol': 'm3u8_native' if ext == 'm3u8' else 'https',
                     })
         if formats:
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             info['formats'] = formats
         else:
             info.update({
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/gab.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/gab.py
index 7ed81f7613..5016e2ff9e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/gab.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/gab.py
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ class GabTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             else:
                 frmt['height'] = str_to_int(resolution.replace('p', ''))
             formats.append(frmt)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': id,
@@ -120,8 +119,6 @@ class GabIE(InfoExtractor):
             } for url, f in ((media.get('url'), metadata.get('original') or {}),
                              (media.get('source_mp4'), metadata.get('playable') or {})) if url]
 
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
-
             author = json_data.get('account') or {}
             entries.append({
                 'id': f'{post_id}-{idx}',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/gaia.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/gaia.py
index 4ace0544a9..c84386f2cb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/gaia.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/gaia.py
@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ class GaiaIE(InfoExtractor):
             media_id, headers=headers)
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             media['mediaUrls']['bcHLS'], media_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         text_tracks = media.get('textTracks', {})
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/gamejolt.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/gamejolt.py
index 440b832fcb..8ec046bb3e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/gamejolt.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/gamejolt.py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class GameJoltBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 post_hash_id, note='Downloading comments list page %d' % page)
             if not comments_data.get('comments'):
                 break
-            for comment in traverse_obj(comments_data, (('comments', 'childComments'), ...), expected_type=dict, default=[]):
+            for comment in traverse_obj(comments_data, (('comments', 'childComments'), ...), expected_type=dict):
                 yield {
                     'id': comment['id'],
                     'text': self._parse_content_as_text(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/gamespot.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/gamespot.py
index e1d3173771..8dec2522c6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/gamespot.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/gamespot.py
@@ -65,8 +65,6 @@ class GameSpotIE(OnceIE):
             formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
                 mpd_url, page_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': data_video.get('guid') or page_id,
             'display_id': page_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/gaskrank.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/gaskrank.py
index 76ddcc40e6..e0bbdae0a2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/gaskrank.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/gaskrank.py
@@ -93,6 +93,5 @@ class GaskrankIE(InfoExtractor):
             'view_count': view_count,
             'average_rating': average_rating,
         })
-        self._sort_formats(entry['formats'])
 
         return entry
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/gedidigital.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/gedidigital.py
index 4cc6780213..1878d636d2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/gedidigital.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/gedidigital.py
@@ -186,7 +186,6 @@ class GediDigitalIE(InfoExtractor):
                     duration = int_or_none(v)
 
         self._clean_formats(formats)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/generic.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/generic.py
index af7f93b67d..49aa5a1f5c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/generic.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/generic.py
@@ -1,19 +1,21 @@
 import os
 import re
+import types
 import urllib.parse
 import xml.etree.ElementTree
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor  # isort: split
-from .brightcove import BrightcoveLegacyIE, BrightcoveNewIE
 from .commonprotocols import RtmpIE
 from .youtube import YoutubeIE
 from ..compat import compat_etree_fromstring
 from ..utils import (
     KNOWN_EXTENSIONS,
+    MEDIA_EXTENSIONS,
     ExtractorError,
     UnsupportedError,
     determine_ext,
     dict_get,
+    extract_basic_auth,
     format_field,
     int_or_none,
     is_html,
@@ -31,6 +33,8 @@ from ..utils import (
     unified_timestamp,
     unsmuggle_url,
     url_or_none,
+    urljoin,
+    variadic,
     xpath_attr,
     xpath_text,
     xpath_with_ns,
@@ -359,188 +363,6 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             },
             'skip': 'There is a limit of 200 free downloads / month for the test song',
         },
-        {
-            # embedded brightcove video
-            # it also tests brightcove videos that need to set the 'Referer'
-            # in the http requests
-            'add_ie': ['BrightcoveLegacy'],
-            'url': 'http://www.bfmtv.com/video/bfmbusiness/cours-bourse/cours-bourse-l-analyse-technique-154522/',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '2765128793001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Le cours de bourse : l’analyse technique',
-                'description': 'md5:7e9ad046e968cb2d1114004aba466fd9',
-                'uploader': 'BFM BUSINESS',
-            },
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,
-            },
-        },
-        {
-            # embedded with itemprop embedURL and video id spelled as `idVideo`
-            'add_id': ['BrightcoveLegacy'],
-            'url': 'http://bfmbusiness.bfmtv.com/mediaplayer/chroniques/olivier-delamarche/',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '5255628253001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'md5:37c519b1128915607601e75a87995fc0',
-                'description': 'md5:37f7f888b434bb8f8cc8dbd4f7a4cf26',
-                'uploader': 'BFM BUSINESS',
-                'uploader_id': '876450612001',
-                'timestamp': 1482255315,
-                'upload_date': '20161220',
-            },
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,
-            },
-        },
-        {
-            # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/2253
-            'url': 'http://bcove.me/i6nfkrc3',
-            'md5': '0ba9446db037002366bab3b3eb30c88c',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '3101154703001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Still no power',
-                'uploader': 'thestar.com',
-                'description': 'Mississauga resident David Farmer is still out of power as a result of the ice storm a month ago. To keep the house warm, Farmer cuts wood from his property for a wood burning stove downstairs.',
-            },
-            'add_ie': ['BrightcoveLegacy'],
-            'skip': 'video gone',
-        },
-        {
-            'url': 'http://www.championat.com/video/football/v/87/87499.html',
-            'md5': 'fb973ecf6e4a78a67453647444222983',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '3414141473001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Видео. Удаление Дзагоева (ЦСКА)',
-                'description': 'Онлайн-трансляция матча ЦСКА - "Волга"',
-                'uploader': 'Championat',
-            },
-        },
-        {
-            # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/3541
-            'add_ie': ['BrightcoveLegacy'],
-            'url': 'http://www.kijk.nl/sbs6/leermijvrouwenkennen/videos/jqMiXKAYan2S/aflevering-1',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '3866516442001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Leer mij vrouwen kennen: Aflevering 1',
-                'description': 'Leer mij vrouwen kennen: Aflevering 1',
-                'uploader': 'SBS Broadcasting',
-            },
-            'skip': 'Restricted to Netherlands',
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,  # m3u8 download
-            },
-        },
-        {
-            # Brightcove video in <iframe>
-            'url': 'http://www.un.org/chinese/News/story.asp?NewsID=27724',
-            'md5': '36d74ef5e37c8b4a2ce92880d208b968',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '5360463607001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': '叙利亚失明儿童在废墟上演唱《心跳》  呼吁获得正常童年生活',
-                'description': '联合国儿童基金会中东和北非区域大使、作曲家扎德·迪拉尼（Zade Dirani）在3月15日叙利亚冲突爆发7周年纪念日之际发布了为叙利亚谱写的歌曲《心跳》（HEARTBEAT），为受到六年冲突影响的叙利亚儿童发出强烈呐喊，呼吁世界做出共同努力，使叙利亚儿童重新获得享有正常童年生活的权利。',
-                'uploader': 'United Nations',
-                'uploader_id': '1362235914001',
-                'timestamp': 1489593889,
-                'upload_date': '20170315',
-            },
-            'add_ie': ['BrightcoveLegacy'],
-        },
-        {
-            # Brightcove with alternative playerID key
-            'url': 'http://www.nature.com/nmeth/journal/v9/n7/fig_tab/nmeth.2062_SV1.html',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'nmeth.2062_SV1',
-                'title': 'Simultaneous multiview imaging of the Drosophila syncytial blastoderm : Quantitative high-speed imaging of entire developing embryos with simultaneous multiview light-sheet microscopy : Nature Methods : Nature Research',
-            },
-            'playlist': [{
-                'info_dict': {
-                    'id': '2228375078001',
-                    'ext': 'mp4',
-                    'title': 'nmeth.2062-sv1',
-                    'description': 'nmeth.2062-sv1',
-                    'timestamp': 1363357591,
-                    'upload_date': '20130315',
-                    'uploader': 'Nature Publishing Group',
-                    'uploader_id': '1964492299001',
-                },
-            }],
-        },
-        {
-            # Brightcove with UUID in videoPlayer
-            'url': 'http://www8.hp.com/cn/zh/home.html',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '5255815316001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Sprocket Video - China',
-                'description': 'Sprocket Video - China',
-                'uploader': 'HP-Video Gallery',
-                'timestamp': 1482263210,
-                'upload_date': '20161220',
-                'uploader_id': '1107601872001',
-            },
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,  # m3u8 download
-            },
-            'skip': 'video rotates...weekly?',
-        },
-        {
-            # Brightcove:new type [2].
-            'url': 'http://www.delawaresportszone.com/video-st-thomas-more-earns-first-trip-to-basketball-semis',
-            'md5': '2b35148fcf48da41c9fb4591650784f3',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '5348741021001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'upload_date': '20170306',
-                'uploader_id': '4191638492001',
-                'timestamp': 1488769918,
-                'title': 'VIDEO:  St. Thomas More earns first trip to basketball semis',
-
-            },
-        },
-        {
-            # Alternative brightcove <video> attributes
-            'url': 'http://www.programme-tv.net/videos/extraits/81095-guillaume-canet-evoque-les-rumeurs-d-infidelite-de-marion-cotillard-avec-brad-pitt-dans-vivement-dimanche/',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '81095-guillaume-canet-evoque-les-rumeurs-d-infidelite-de-marion-cotillard-avec-brad-pitt-dans-vivement-dimanche',
-                'title': "Guillaume Canet évoque les rumeurs d'infidélité de Marion Cotillard avec Brad Pitt dans Vivement Dimanche, Extraits : toutes les vidéos avec Télé-Loisirs",
-            },
-            'playlist': [{
-                'md5': '732d22ba3d33f2f3fc253c39f8f36523',
-                'info_dict': {
-                    'id': '5311302538001',
-                    'ext': 'mp4',
-                    'title': "Guillaume Canet évoque les rumeurs d'infidélité de Marion Cotillard avec Brad Pitt dans Vivement Dimanche",
-                    'description': "Guillaume Canet évoque les rumeurs d'infidélité de Marion Cotillard avec Brad Pitt dans Vivement Dimanche (France 2, 5 février 2017)",
-                    'timestamp': 1486321708,
-                    'upload_date': '20170205',
-                    'uploader_id': '800000640001',
-                },
-                'only_matching': True,
-            }],
-        },
-        {
-            # Brightcove with UUID in videoPlayer
-            'url': 'http://www8.hp.com/cn/zh/home.html',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '5255815316001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Sprocket Video - China',
-                'description': 'Sprocket Video - China',
-                'uploader': 'HP-Video Gallery',
-                'timestamp': 1482263210,
-                'upload_date': '20161220',
-                'uploader_id': '1107601872001',
-            },
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,  # m3u8 download
-            },
-        },
         # ooyala video
         {
             'url': 'http://www.rollingstone.com/music/videos/norwegian-dj-cashmere-cat-goes-spartan-on-with-me-premiere-20131219',
@@ -844,20 +666,6 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'title': 'Busty Blonde Siri Tit Fuck While Wank at HandjobHub.com',
             }
         },
-        # Multiple brightcove videos
-        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/2283
-        {
-            'url': 'http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2014/01/always-never-nuclear-command-and-control.html',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'always-never',
-                'title': 'Always / Never - The New Yorker',
-            },
-            'playlist_count': 3,
-            'params': {
-                'extract_flat': False,
-                'skip_download': True,
-            }
-        },
         # MLB embed
         {
             'url': 'http://umpire-empire.com/index.php/topic/58125-laz-decides-no-thats-low/',
@@ -873,22 +681,6 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
             },
         },
-        # Wistia embed
-        {
-            'url': 'http://study.com/academy/lesson/north-american-exploration-failed-colonies-of-spain-france-england.html#lesson',
-            'md5': '1953f3a698ab51cfc948ed3992a0b7ff',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '6e2wtrbdaf',
-                'ext': 'mov',
-                'title': 'paywall_north-american-exploration-failed-colonies-of-spain-france-england',
-                'description': 'a Paywall Videos video from Remilon',
-                'duration': 644.072,
-                'uploader': 'study.com',
-                'timestamp': 1459678540,
-                'upload_date': '20160403',
-                'filesize': 24687186,
-            },
-        },
         # Wistia standard embed (async)
         {
             'url': 'https://www.getdrip.com/university/brennan-dunn-drip-workshop/',
@@ -903,7 +695,8 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             },
             'params': {
                 'skip_download': True,
-            }
+            },
+            'skip': 'webpage 404 not found',
         },
         # Soundcloud embed
         {
@@ -1072,32 +865,6 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
             },
         },
-        {
-            # JWPlayer config passed as variable
-            'url': 'http://www.txxx.com/videos/3326530/ariele/',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '3326530_hq',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'ARIELE | Tube Cup',
-                'uploader': 'www.txxx.com',
-                'age_limit': 18,
-            },
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            # JWPlatform iframe
-            'url': 'https://www.covermagazine.co.uk/feature/2465255/business-protection-involved',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'AG26UQXM',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'upload_date': '20160719',
-                'timestamp': 468923808,
-                'title': '2016_05_18 Cover L&G Business Protection V1 FINAL.mp4',
-            },
-            'add_ie': ['JWPlatform'],
-        },
         {
             # Video.js embed, multiple formats
             'url': 'http://ortcam.com/solidworks-урок-6-настройка-чертежа_33f9b7351.html',
@@ -1377,21 +1144,6 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             },
             'expected_warnings': ['Failed to parse JSON Expecting value'],
         },
-        # Brightcove URL in single quotes
-        {
-            'url': 'http://www.sportsnet.ca/baseball/mlb/sn-presents-russell-martin-world-citizen/',
-            'md5': '4ae374f1f8b91c889c4b9203c8c752af',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '4255764656001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'SN Presents: Russell Martin, World Citizen',
-                'description': 'To understand why he was the Toronto Blue Jays’ top off-season priority is to appreciate his background and upbringing in Montreal, where he first developed his baseball skills. Written and narrated by Stephen Brunt.',
-                'uploader': 'Rogers Sportsnet',
-                'uploader_id': '1704050871',
-                'upload_date': '20150525',
-                'timestamp': 1432570283,
-            },
-        },
         # Kinja embed
         {
             'url': 'http://www.clickhole.com/video/dont-understand-bitcoin-man-will-mumble-explanatio-2537',
@@ -1427,52 +1179,6 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'duration': 248.667,
             },
         },
-        # BrightcoveInPageEmbed embed
-        {
-            'url': 'http://www.geekandsundry.com/tabletop-bonus-wils-final-thoughts-on-dread/',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '4238694884001',
-                'ext': 'flv',
-                'title': 'Tabletop: Dread, Last Thoughts',
-                'description': 'Tabletop: Dread, Last Thoughts',
-                'duration': 51690,
-            },
-        },
-        # Brightcove embed, with no valid 'renditions' but valid 'IOSRenditions'
-        # This video can't be played in browsers if Flash disabled and UA set to iPhone, which is actually a false alarm
-        {
-            'url': 'https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/29092637/interview.html',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '4785848093001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'The Cardinal Pell Interview',
-                'description': 'Sky News Contributor Andrew Bolt interviews George Pell in Rome, following the Cardinal\'s evidence before the Royal Commission into Child Abuse. ',
-                'uploader': 'GlobeCast Australia - GlobeStream',
-                'uploader_id': '2733773828001',
-                'upload_date': '20160304',
-                'timestamp': 1457083087,
-            },
-            'params': {
-                # m3u8 downloads
-                'skip_download': True,
-            },
-        },
-        {
-            # Brightcove embed with whitespace around attribute names
-            'url': 'http://www.stack.com/video/3167554373001/learn-to-hit-open-three-pointers-with-damian-lillard-s-baseline-drift-drill',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '3167554373001',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': "Learn to Hit Open Three-Pointers With Damian Lillard's Baseline Drift Drill",
-                'description': 'md5:57bacb0e0f29349de4972bfda3191713',
-                'uploader_id': '1079349493',
-                'upload_date': '20140207',
-                'timestamp': 1391810548,
-            },
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,
-            },
-        },
         # Another form of arte.tv embed
         {
             'url': 'http://www.tv-replay.fr/redirection/09-04-16/arte-reportage-arte-11508975.html',
@@ -1523,7 +1229,7 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'timestamp': 1464107587,
                 'uploader': 'TheAtlantic',
             },
-            'add_ie': ['BrightcoveLegacy'],
+            'skip': 'Private Youtube video',
         },
         # Facebook <iframe> embed
         {
@@ -1829,19 +1535,6 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             },
             'add_ie': ['WashingtonPost'],
         },
-        {
-            # Mediaset embed
-            'url': 'http://www.tgcom24.mediaset.it/politica/serracchiani-voglio-vivere-in-una-societa-aperta-reazioni-sproporzionate-_3071354-201702a.shtml',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '720642',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Serracchiani: "Voglio vivere in una società aperta, con tutela del patto di fiducia"',
-            },
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,
-            },
-            'add_ie': ['Mediaset'],
-        },
         {
             # JOJ.sk embeds
             'url': 'https://www.noviny.sk/slovensko/238543-slovenskom-sa-prehnala-vlna-silnych-burok',
@@ -2006,22 +1699,6 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             },
             'playlist_count': 6,
         },
-        {
-            # Squarespace video embed, 2019-08-28
-            'url': 'http://ootboxford.com',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'Tc7b_JGdZfw',
-                'title': 'Out of the Blue, at Childish Things 10',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'description': 'md5:a83d0026666cf5ee970f8bd1cfd69c7f',
-                'uploader_id': 'helendouglashouse',
-                'uploader': 'Helen & Douglas House',
-                'upload_date': '20140328',
-            },
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,
-            },
-        },
         # {
         #     # Zype embed
         #     'url': 'https://www.cookscountry.com/episode/554-smoky-barbecue-favorites',
@@ -2162,11 +1839,6 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'title': 'I AM BIO Podcast | BIO',
             },
             'playlist_mincount': 52,
-        },
-        {
-            # Sibnet embed (https://help.sibnet.ru/?sibnet_video_embed)
-            'url': 'https://phpbb3.x-tk.ru/bbcode-video-sibnet-t24.html',
-            'only_matching': True,
         }, {
             # WimTv embed player
             'url': 'http://www.msmotor.tv/wearefmi-pt-2-2021/',
@@ -2183,11 +1855,13 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'display_id': 'kelis-4th-of-july',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': 'Kelis - 4th Of July',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://kvs-demo.com/contents/videos_screenshots/0/105/preview.jpg',
+                'description': 'Kelis - 4th Of July',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https://(?:www\.)?kvs-demo.com/contents/videos_screenshots/0/105/preview.jpg',
             },
             'params': {
                 'skip_download': True,
             },
+            'expected_warnings': ['Untested major version'],
         }, {
             # KVS Player
             'url': 'https://www.kvs-demo.com/embed/105/',
@@ -2196,35 +1870,12 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'display_id': 'kelis-4th-of-july',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': 'Kelis - 4th Of July / Embed Player',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://kvs-demo.com/contents/videos_screenshots/0/105/preview.jpg',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https://(?:www\.)?kvs-demo.com/contents/videos_screenshots/0/105/preview.jpg',
             },
             'params': {
                 'skip_download': True,
             },
         }, {
-            # KVS Player
-            'url': 'https://thisvid.com/videos/french-boy-pantsed/',
-            'md5': '3397979512c682f6b85b3b04989df224',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '2400174',
-                'display_id': 'french-boy-pantsed',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'French Boy Pantsed - ThisVid.com',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://media.thisvid.com/contents/videos_screenshots/2400000/2400174/preview.mp4.jpg',
-            }
-        }, {
-            # KVS Player
-            'url': 'https://thisvid.com/embed/2400174/',
-            'md5': '3397979512c682f6b85b3b04989df224',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '2400174',
-                'display_id': 'french-boy-pantsed',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'French Boy Pantsed - ThisVid.com',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://media.thisvid.com/contents/videos_screenshots/2400000/2400174/preview.mp4.jpg',
-            }
-        }, {
-            # KVS Player
             'url': 'https://youix.com/video/leningrad-zoj/',
             'md5': '94f96ba95706dc3880812b27b7d8a2b8',
             'info_dict': {
@@ -2232,8 +1883,8 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'display_id': 'leningrad-zoj',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': 'Клип: Ленинград - ЗОЖ скачать, смотреть онлайн | Youix.com',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://youix.com/contents/videos_screenshots/18000/18485/preview_480x320_youix_com.mp4.jpg',
-            }
+                'thumbnail': r're:https://youix.com/contents/videos_screenshots/18000/18485/preview(?:_480x320_youix_com.mp4)?\.jpg',
+            },
         }, {
             # KVS Player
             'url': 'https://youix.com/embed/18485',
@@ -2243,19 +1894,20 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'display_id': 'leningrad-zoj',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': 'Ленинград - ЗОЖ',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://youix.com/contents/videos_screenshots/18000/18485/preview_480x320_youix_com.mp4.jpg',
-            }
+                'thumbnail': r're:https://youix.com/contents/videos_screenshots/18000/18485/preview(?:_480x320_youix_com.mp4)?\.jpg',
+            },
         }, {
             # KVS Player
             'url': 'https://bogmedia.org/videos/21217/40-nochey-40-nights-2016/',
             'md5': '94166bdb26b4cb1fb9214319a629fc51',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '21217',
-                'display_id': '40-nochey-40-nights-2016',
+                'display_id': '40-nochey-2016',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': '40 ночей (2016) - BogMedia.org',
+                'description': 'md5:4e6d7d622636eb7948275432eb256dc3',
                 'thumbnail': 'https://bogmedia.org/contents/videos_screenshots/21000/21217/preview_480p.mp4.jpg',
-            }
+            },
         },
         {
             # KVS Player (for sites that serve kt_player.js via non-https urls)
@@ -2265,9 +1917,9 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'id': '389508',
                 'display_id': 'syren-de-mer-onlyfans-05-07-2020have-a-happy-safe-holiday5f014e68a220979bdb8cd-source',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Syren De Mer  onlyfans_05-07-2020Have_a_happy_safe_holiday5f014e68a220979bdb8cd_source / Embed плеер',
-                'thumbnail': 'http://www.camhub.world/contents/videos_screenshots/389000/389508/preview.mp4.jpg',
-            }
+                'title': 'Syren De Mer onlyfans_05-07-2020Have_a_happy_safe_holiday5f014e68a220979bdb8cd_source / Embed плеер',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://www\.camhub\.world/contents/videos_screenshots/389000/389508/preview\.mp4\.jpg',
+            },
         },
         {
             # Reddit-hosted video that will redirect and be processed by RedditIE
@@ -2440,40 +2092,6 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'upload_date': '20210111',
             }
         },
-        {
-            'note': 'Rumble embed',
-            'url': 'https://rumble.com/vdmum1-moose-the-dog-helps-girls-dig-a-snow-fort.html',
-            'md5': '53af34098a7f92c4e51cf0bd1c33f009',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'vb0ofn',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'timestamp': 1612662578,
-                'uploader': 'LovingMontana',
-                'channel': 'LovingMontana',
-                'upload_date': '20210207',
-                'title': 'Winter-loving dog helps girls dig a snow fort ',
-                'channel_url': 'https://rumble.com/c/c-546523',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://sp.rmbl.ws/s8/1/5/f/x/x/5fxxb.OvCc.1-small-Moose-The-Dog-Helps-Girls-D.jpg',
-                'duration': 103,
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            'note': 'Rumble JS embed',
-            'url': 'https://therightscoop.com/what-does-9-plus-1-plus-1-equal-listen-to-this-audio-of-attempted-kavanaugh-assassins-call-and-youll-get-it',
-            'md5': '4701209ac99095592e73dbba21889690',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'v15eqxl',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'channel': 'Mr Producer Media',
-                'duration': 92,
-                'title': '911 Audio From The Man Who Wanted To Kill Supreme Court Justice Kavanaugh',
-                'channel_url': 'https://rumble.com/c/RichSementa',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://sp.rmbl.ws/s8/1/P/j/f/A/PjfAe.OvCc-small-911-Audio-From-The-Man-Who-.jpg',
-                'timestamp': 1654892716,
-                'uploader': 'Mr Producer Media',
-                'upload_date': '20220610',
-            }
-        },
         {
             'note': 'JSON LD with multiple @type',
             'url': 'https://www.nu.nl/280161/video/hoe-een-bladvlo-dit-verwoestende-japanse-onkruid-moet-vernietigen.html',
@@ -2490,6 +2108,66 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'duration': 111.0,
             }
         },
+        {
+            'note': 'JSON LD with unexpected data type',
+            'url': 'https://www.autoweek.nl/autotests/artikel/porsche-911-gt3-rs-rij-impressie-2/',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'porsche-911-gt3-rs-rij-impressie-2',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Test: Porsche 911 GT3 RS',
+                'description': 'Je ziet het niet, maar het is er wel. Downforce, hebben we het dan over. En in de nieuwe Porsche 911 GT3 RS is er zelfs heel veel downforce.',
+                'timestamp': 1664920902,
+                'upload_date': '20221004',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https://media.autoweek.nl/m/.+\.jpg$',
+                'age_limit': 0,
+                'direct': True,
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            'note': 'server returns data in brotli compression by default if `accept-encoding: *` is specified.',
+            'url': 'https://www.extra.cz/cauky-lidi-70-dil-babis-predstavil-pohadky-prymulanek-nebo-andrejovy-nove-saty-ac867',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'cauky-lidi-70-dil-babis-predstavil-pohadky-prymulanek-nebo-andrejovy-nove-saty-ac867',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'čauky lidi 70 finall',
+                'description': 'čauky lidi 70 finall',
+                'thumbnail': 'h',
+                'upload_date': '20220606',
+                'timestamp': 1654513791,
+                'duration': 318.0,
+                'direct': True,
+                'age_limit': 0,
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            'note': 'JW Player embed with unicode-escape sequences in URL',
+            'url': 'https://www.medici.tv/en/concerts/lahav-shani-mozart-mahler-israel-philharmonic-abu-dhabi-classics',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'm',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Lahav Shani conducts the Israel Philharmonic\'s first-ever concert in Abu Dhabi',
+                'description': 'Mahler\'s ',
+                'uploader': 'www.medici.tv',
+                'age_limit': 0,
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
+            },
+            'params': {
+                'skip_download': True,
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://shooshtime.com/videos/284002/just-out-of-the-shower-joi/',
+            'md5': 'e2f0a4c329f7986280b7328e24036d60',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '284002',
+                'display_id': 'just-out-of-the-shower-joi',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Just Out Of The Shower JOI - Shooshtime',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://i.shoosh.co/contents/videos_screenshots/284000/284002/preview.mp4.jpg',
+                'height': 720,
+                'age_limit': 18,
+            },
+        },
     ]
 
     def report_following_redirect(self, new_url):
@@ -2506,6 +2184,13 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         self._downloader.write_debug(f'Identified {num} {name}{format_field(note, None, "; %s")}')
 
+    def _fragment_query(self, url):
+        if self._configuration_arg('fragment_query'):
+            query_string = urllib.parse.urlparse(url).query
+            if query_string:
+                return {'extra_param_to_segment_url': query_string}
+        return {}
+
     def _extract_rss(self, url, video_id, doc):
         NS_MAP = {
             'itunes': 'http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd',
@@ -2548,43 +2233,87 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             'entries': entries,
         }
 
-    def _kvs_getrealurl(self, video_url, license_code):
+    @classmethod
+    def _kvs_get_real_url(cls, video_url, license_code):
         if not video_url.startswith('function/0/'):
             return video_url  # not obfuscated
 
-        url_path, _, url_query = video_url.partition('?')
-        urlparts = url_path.split('/')[2:]
-        license = self._kvs_getlicensetoken(license_code)
-        newmagic = urlparts[5][:32]
+        parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(video_url[len('function/0/'):])
+        license = cls._kvs_get_license_token(license_code)
+        urlparts = parsed.path.split('/')
 
-        for o in range(len(newmagic) - 1, -1, -1):
-            new = ''
-            l = (o + sum(int(n) for n in license[o:])) % 32
+        HASH_LENGTH = 32
+        hash = urlparts[3][:HASH_LENGTH]
+        indices = list(range(HASH_LENGTH))
 
-            for i in range(0, len(newmagic)):
-                if i == o:
-                    new += newmagic[l]
-                elif i == l:
-                    new += newmagic[o]
-                else:
-                    new += newmagic[i]
-            newmagic = new
+        # Swap indices of hash according to the destination calculated from the license token
+        accum = 0
+        for src in reversed(range(HASH_LENGTH)):
+            accum += license[src]
+            dest = (src + accum) % HASH_LENGTH
+            indices[src], indices[dest] = indices[dest], indices[src]
 
-        urlparts[5] = newmagic + urlparts[5][32:]
-        return '/'.join(urlparts) + '?' + url_query
+        urlparts[3] = ''.join(hash[index] for index in indices) + urlparts[3][HASH_LENGTH:]
+        return urllib.parse.urlunparse(parsed._replace(path='/'.join(urlparts)))
 
-    def _kvs_getlicensetoken(self, license):
-        modlicense = license.replace('$', '').replace('0', '1')
-        center = int(len(modlicense) / 2)
+    @staticmethod
+    def _kvs_get_license_token(license):
+        license = license.replace('$', '')
+        license_values = [int(char) for char in license]
+
+        modlicense = license.replace('0', '1')
+        center = len(modlicense) // 2
         fronthalf = int(modlicense[:center + 1])
         backhalf = int(modlicense[center:])
+        modlicense = str(4 * abs(fronthalf - backhalf))[:center + 1]
 
-        modlicense = str(4 * abs(fronthalf - backhalf))
-        retval = ''
-        for o in range(0, center + 1):
-            for i in range(1, 5):
-                retval += str((int(license[o + i]) + int(modlicense[o])) % 10)
-        return retval
+        return [
+            (license_values[index + offset] + current) % 10
+            for index, current in enumerate(map(int, modlicense))
+            for offset in range(4)
+        ]
+
+    def _extract_kvs(self, url, webpage, video_id):
+        flashvars = self._search_json(
+            r'(?s:<script\b[^>]*>.*?var\s+flashvars\s*=)',
+            webpage, 'flashvars', video_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
+
+        # extract the part after the last / as the display_id from the
+        # canonical URL.
+        display_id = self._search_regex(
+            r'(?:<link href="https?://[^"]+/(.+?)/?" rel="canonical"\s*/?>'
+            r'|<link rel="canonical" href="https?://[^"]+/(.+?)/?"\s*/?>)',
+            webpage, 'display_id', fatal=False)
+        title = self._html_search_regex(r'<(?:h1|title)>(?:Video: )?(.+?)</(?:h1|title)>', webpage, 'title')
+
+        thumbnail = flashvars['preview_url']
+        if thumbnail.startswith('//'):
+            protocol, _, _ = url.partition('/')
+            thumbnail = protocol + thumbnail
+
+        url_keys = list(filter(re.compile(r'^video_(?:url|alt_url\d*)$').match, flashvars.keys()))
+        formats = []
+        for key in url_keys:
+            if '/get_file/' not in flashvars[key]:
+                continue
+            format_id = flashvars.get(f'{key}_text', key)
+            formats.append({
+                'url': urljoin(url, self._kvs_get_real_url(flashvars[key], flashvars['license_code'])),
+                'format_id': format_id,
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                **(parse_resolution(format_id) or parse_resolution(flashvars[key])),
+                'http_headers': {'Referer': url},
+            })
+            if not formats[-1].get('height'):
+                formats[-1]['quality'] = 1
+
+        return {
+            'id': flashvars['video_id'],
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'title': title,
+            'thumbnail': thumbnail,
+            'formats': formats,
+        }
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         if url.startswith('//'):
@@ -2621,10 +2350,11 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                     default_search += ':'
                 return self.url_result(default_search + url)
 
-        url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url)
+        original_url = url
+        url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
         force_videoid = None
-        is_intentional = smuggled_data and smuggled_data.get('to_generic')
-        if smuggled_data and 'force_videoid' in smuggled_data:
+        is_intentional = smuggled_data.get('to_generic')
+        if 'force_videoid' in smuggled_data:
             force_videoid = smuggled_data['force_videoid']
             video_id = force_videoid
         else:
@@ -2638,9 +2368,13 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
         # to accept raw bytes and being able to download only a chunk.
         # It may probably better to solve this by checking Content-Type for application/octet-stream
         # after a HEAD request, but not sure if we can rely on this.
-        full_response = self._request_webpage(url, video_id, headers={'Accept-Encoding': '*'})
+        full_response = self._request_webpage(url, video_id, headers={
+            'Accept-Encoding': 'identity',
+            **smuggled_data.get('http_headers', {})
+        })
         new_url = full_response.geturl()
-        if url != new_url:
+        url = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)._replace(scheme=urllib.parse.urlparse(new_url).scheme).geturl()
+        if new_url != extract_basic_auth(url)[0]:
             self.report_following_redirect(new_url)
             if force_videoid:
                 new_url = smuggle_url(new_url, {'force_videoid': force_videoid})
@@ -2657,14 +2391,18 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
         m = re.match(r'^(?P<type>audio|video|application(?=/(?:ogg$|(?:vnd\.apple\.|x-)?mpegurl)))/(?P<format_id>[^;\s]+)', content_type)
         if m:
             self.report_detected('direct video link')
+            headers = smuggled_data.get('http_headers', {})
             format_id = str(m.group('format_id'))
+            ext = determine_ext(url)
             subtitles = {}
-            if format_id.endswith('mpegurl'):
-                formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(url, video_id, 'mp4')
-            elif format_id.endswith('mpd') or format_id.endswith('dash+xml'):
-                formats, subtitles = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(url, video_id)
-            elif format_id == 'f4m':
-                formats = self._extract_f4m_formats(url, video_id)
+            if format_id.endswith('mpegurl') or ext == 'm3u8':
+                formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(url, video_id, 'mp4', headers=headers)
+                info_dict.update(self._fragment_query(url))
+            elif format_id.endswith('mpd') or format_id.endswith('dash+xml') or ext == 'mpd':
+                formats, subtitles = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(url, video_id, headers=headers)
+                info_dict.update(self._fragment_query(url))
+            elif format_id == 'f4m' or ext == 'f4m':
+                formats = self._extract_f4m_formats(url, video_id, headers=headers)
             else:
                 formats = [{
                     'format_id': format_id,
@@ -2672,9 +2410,11 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'vcodec': 'none' if m.group('type') == 'audio' else None
                 }]
                 info_dict['direct'] = True
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
-            info_dict['formats'] = formats
-            info_dict['subtitles'] = subtitles
+            info_dict.update({
+                'formats': formats,
+                'subtitles': subtitles,
+                'http_headers': headers or None,
+            })
             return info_dict
 
         if not self.get_param('test', False) and not is_intentional:
@@ -2687,7 +2427,7 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
         if first_bytes.startswith(b'#EXTM3U'):
             self.report_detected('M3U playlist')
             info_dict['formats'], info_dict['subtitles'] = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(url, video_id, 'mp4')
-            self._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+            info_dict.update(self._fragment_query(url))
             return info_dict
 
         # Maybe it's a direct link to a video?
@@ -2721,12 +2461,10 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             elif doc.tag == 'SmoothStreamingMedia':
                 info_dict['formats'], info_dict['subtitles'] = self._parse_ism_formats_and_subtitles(doc, url)
                 self.report_detected('ISM manifest')
-                self._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
                 return info_dict
             elif re.match(r'^(?:{[^}]+})?smil$', doc.tag):
                 smil = self._parse_smil(doc, url, video_id)
                 self.report_detected('SMIL file')
-                self._sort_formats(smil['formats'])
                 return smil
             elif doc.tag == '{http://xspf.org/ns/0/}playlist':
                 self.report_detected('XSPF playlist')
@@ -2740,13 +2478,12 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                     doc,
                     mpd_base_url=full_response.geturl().rpartition('/')[0],
                     mpd_url=url)
+                info_dict.update(self._fragment_query(url))
                 self.report_detected('DASH manifest')
-                self._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
                 return info_dict
             elif re.match(r'^{http://ns\.adobe\.com/f4m/[12]\.0}manifest$', doc.tag):
                 info_dict['formats'] = self._parse_f4m_formats(doc, url, video_id)
                 self.report_detected('F4M manifest')
-                self._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
                 return info_dict
         except xml.etree.ElementTree.ParseError:
             pass
@@ -2758,14 +2495,26 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             #   Site Name | Video Title
             #   Video Title - Tagline | Site Name
             # and so on and so forth; it's just not practical
-            'title': (self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None)
-                      or self._html_extract_title(webpage, 'video title', default='video')),
+            'title': self._generic_title('', webpage, default='video'),
             'description': self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None),
             'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage, default=None),
             'age_limit': self._rta_search(webpage),
         })
 
-        domain_name = self._search_regex(r'^(?:https?://)?([^/]*)/.*', url, 'video uploader', default=None)
+        self._downloader.write_debug('Looking for embeds')
+        embeds = list(self._extract_embeds(original_url, webpage, urlh=full_response, info_dict=info_dict))
+        if len(embeds) == 1:
+            return {**info_dict, **embeds[0]}
+        elif embeds:
+            return self.playlist_result(embeds, **info_dict)
+        raise UnsupportedError(url)
+
+    def _extract_embeds(self, url, webpage, *, urlh=None, info_dict={}):
+        """Returns an iterator of video entries"""
+        info_dict = types.MappingProxyType(info_dict)  # Prevents accidental mutation
+        video_id = traverse_obj(info_dict, 'display_id', 'id') or self._generic_id(url)
+        url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
+        actual_url = urlh.geturl() if urlh else url
 
         # Sometimes embedded video player is hidden behind percent encoding
         # (e.g. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/2448)
@@ -2774,38 +2523,10 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
         # There probably should be a second run of generic extractor on unescaped webpage.
         # webpage = urllib.parse.unquote(webpage)
 
-        # Unescape squarespace embeds to be detected by generic extractor,
-        # see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21294
-        webpage = re.sub(
-            r'<div[^>]+class=[^>]*?\bsqs-video-wrapper\b[^>]*>',
-            lambda x: unescapeHTML(x.group(0)), webpage)
-
-        # TODO: Move to respective extractors
-        self._downloader.write_debug('Looking for Brightcove embeds')
-        bc_urls = BrightcoveLegacyIE._extract_brightcove_urls(webpage)
-        if bc_urls:
-            entries = [{
-                '_type': 'url',
-                'url': smuggle_url(bc_url, {'Referer': url}),
-                'ie_key': 'BrightcoveLegacy'
-            } for bc_url in bc_urls]
-
-            return {
-                '_type': 'playlist',
-                'title': info_dict['title'],
-                'id': video_id,
-                'entries': entries,
-            }
-        bc_urls = BrightcoveNewIE._extract_brightcove_urls(self, webpage)
-        if bc_urls:
-            return self.playlist_from_matches(
-                bc_urls, video_id, info_dict['title'],
-                getter=lambda x: smuggle_url(x, {'referrer': url}),
-                ie='BrightcoveNew')
-
-        self._downloader.write_debug('Looking for embeds')
         embeds = []
         for ie in self._downloader._ies.values():
+            if ie.ie_key() in smuggled_data.get('block_ies', []):
+                continue
             gen = ie.extract_from_webpage(self._downloader, url, webpage)
             current_embeds = []
             try:
@@ -2814,35 +2535,26 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             except self.StopExtraction:
                 self.report_detected(f'{ie.IE_NAME} exclusive embed', len(current_embeds),
                                      embeds and 'discarding other embeds')
-                embeds = current_embeds
-                break
+                return current_embeds
             except StopIteration:
                 self.report_detected(f'{ie.IE_NAME} embed', len(current_embeds))
                 embeds.extend(current_embeds)
 
-        del current_embeds
-        if len(embeds) == 1:
-            return {**info_dict, **embeds[0]}
-        elif embeds:
-            return self.playlist_result(embeds, **info_dict)
+        if embeds:
+            return embeds
 
         jwplayer_data = self._find_jwplayer_data(
             webpage, video_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
         if jwplayer_data:
             if isinstance(jwplayer_data.get('playlist'), str):
                 self.report_detected('JW Player playlist')
-                return {
-                    **info_dict,
-                    '_type': 'url',
-                    'ie_key': 'JWPlatform',
-                    'url': jwplayer_data['playlist'],
-                }
+                return [self.url_result(jwplayer_data['playlist'], 'JWPlatform')]
             try:
                 info = self._parse_jwplayer_data(
                     jwplayer_data, video_id, require_title=False, base_url=url)
                 if traverse_obj(info, 'formats', ('entries', ..., 'formats')):
                     self.report_detected('JW Player data')
-                    return merge_dicts(info, info_dict)
+                    return [info]
             except ExtractorError:
                 # See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/16735
                 pass
@@ -2853,11 +2565,8 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             webpage)
         if mobj is not None:
             varname = mobj.group(1)
-            sources = self._parse_json(
-                mobj.group(2), video_id, transform_source=js_to_json,
-                fatal=False) or []
-            if not isinstance(sources, list):
-                sources = [sources]
+            sources = variadic(self._parse_json(
+                mobj.group(2), video_id, transform_source=js_to_json, fatal=False) or [])
             formats = []
             subtitles = {}
             for source in sources:
@@ -2870,7 +2579,7 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                     src_type = src_type.lower()
                 ext = determine_ext(src).lower()
                 if src_type == 'video/youtube':
-                    return self.url_result(src, YoutubeIE.ie_key())
+                    return [self.url_result(src, YoutubeIE.ie_key())]
                 if src_type == 'application/dash+xml' or ext == 'mpd':
                     fmts, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
                         src, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False)
@@ -2882,13 +2591,16 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                         m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
                     formats.extend(fmts)
                     self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
-                else:
+                for fmt in formats:
+                    fmt.update(self._fragment_query(src))
+
+                if not formats:
                     formats.append({
                         'url': src,
                         'ext': (mimetype2ext(src_type)
                                 or ext if ext in KNOWN_EXTENSIONS else 'mp4'),
                         'http_headers': {
-                            'Referer': full_response.geturl(),
+                            'Referer': actual_url,
                         },
                     })
             # https://docs.videojs.com/player#addRemoteTextTrack
@@ -2903,24 +2615,37 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': urllib.parse.urljoin(url, src),
                     'name': sub.get('label'),
                     'http_headers': {
-                        'Referer': full_response.geturl(),
+                        'Referer': actual_url,
                     },
                 })
             if formats or subtitles:
                 self.report_detected('video.js embed')
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
-                info_dict['formats'] = formats
-                info_dict['subtitles'] = subtitles
-                return info_dict
+                return [{'formats': formats, 'subtitles': subtitles}]
+
+        # Look for generic KVS player (before json-ld bc of some urls that break otherwise)
+        found = self._search_regex((
+            r'<script\b[^>]+?\bsrc\s*=\s*(["\'])https?://(?:(?!\1)[^?#])+/kt_player\.js\?v=(?P<ver>\d+(?:\.\d+)+)\1[^>]*>',
+            r'kt_player\s*\(\s*(["\'])(?:(?!\1)[\w\W])+\1\s*,\s*(["\'])https?://(?:(?!\2)[^?#])+/kt_player\.swf\?v=(?P<ver>\d+(?:\.\d+)+)\2\s*,',
+        ), webpage, 'KVS player', group='ver', default=False)
+        if found:
+            self.report_detected('KVS Player')
+            if found.split('.')[0] not in ('4', '5', '6'):
+                self.report_warning(f'Untested major version ({found}) in player engine - download may fail.')
+            return [self._extract_kvs(url, webpage, video_id)]
 
         # Looking for http://schema.org/VideoObject
         json_ld = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, default={})
         if json_ld.get('url') not in (url, None):
             self.report_detected('JSON LD')
-            return merge_dicts({
-                '_type': 'url_transparent',
-                'url': smuggle_url(json_ld['url'], {'force_videoid': video_id, 'to_generic': True}),
-            }, json_ld, info_dict)
+            is_direct = json_ld.get('ext') not in (None, *MEDIA_EXTENSIONS.manifests)
+            return [merge_dicts({
+                '_type': 'video' if is_direct else 'url_transparent',
+                'url': smuggle_url(json_ld['url'], {
+                    'force_videoid': video_id,
+                    'to_generic': True,
+                    'http_headers': {'Referer': url},
+                }),
+            }, json_ld)]
 
         def check_video(vurl):
             if YoutubeIE.suitable(vurl):
@@ -2950,54 +2675,6 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 ['"]?file['"]?\s*:\s*["\'](.*?)["\']''', webpage))
             if found:
                 self.report_detected('JW Player embed')
-        if not found:
-            # Look for generic KVS player
-            found = re.search(r'<script [^>]*?src="https?://.+?/kt_player\.js\?v=(?P<ver>(?P<maj_ver>\d+)(\.\d+)+)".*?>', webpage)
-            if found:
-                self.report_detected('KWS Player')
-                if found.group('maj_ver') not in ['4', '5']:
-                    self.report_warning('Untested major version (%s) in player engine--Download may fail.' % found.group('ver'))
-                flashvars = re.search(r'(?ms)<script.*?>.*?var\s+flashvars\s*=\s*(\{.*?\});.*?</script>', webpage)
-                flashvars = self._parse_json(flashvars.group(1), video_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
-
-                # extract the part after the last / as the display_id from the
-                # canonical URL.
-                display_id = self._search_regex(
-                    r'(?:<link href="https?://[^"]+/(.+?)/?" rel="canonical"\s*/?>'
-                    r'|<link rel="canonical" href="https?://[^"]+/(.+?)/?"\s*/?>)',
-                    webpage, 'display_id', fatal=False
-                )
-                title = self._html_search_regex(r'<(?:h1|title)>(?:Video: )?(.+?)</(?:h1|title)>', webpage, 'title')
-
-                thumbnail = flashvars['preview_url']
-                if thumbnail.startswith('//'):
-                    protocol, _, _ = url.partition('/')
-                    thumbnail = protocol + thumbnail
-
-                url_keys = list(filter(re.compile(r'video_url|video_alt_url\d*').fullmatch, flashvars.keys()))
-                formats = []
-                for key in url_keys:
-                    if '/get_file/' not in flashvars[key]:
-                        continue
-                    format_id = flashvars.get(f'{key}_text', key)
-                    formats.append({
-                        'url': self._kvs_getrealurl(flashvars[key], flashvars['license_code']),
-                        'format_id': format_id,
-                        'ext': 'mp4',
-                        **(parse_resolution(format_id) or parse_resolution(flashvars[key]))
-                    })
-                    if not formats[-1].get('height'):
-                        formats[-1]['quality'] = 1
-
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-                return {
-                    'id': flashvars['video_id'],
-                    'display_id': display_id,
-                    'title': title,
-                    'thumbnail': thumbnail,
-                    'formats': formats,
-                }
         if not found:
             # Broaden the search a little bit
             found = filter_video(re.findall(r'[^A-Za-z0-9]?(?:file|source)=(http[^\'"&]*)', webpage))
@@ -3051,17 +2728,14 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                 webpage)
             if not found:
                 # Look also in Refresh HTTP header
-                refresh_header = full_response.headers.get('Refresh')
+                refresh_header = urlh and urlh.headers.get('Refresh')
                 if refresh_header:
                     found = re.search(REDIRECT_REGEX, refresh_header)
             if found:
                 new_url = urllib.parse.urljoin(url, unescapeHTML(found.group(1)))
                 if new_url != url:
                     self.report_following_redirect(new_url)
-                    return {
-                        '_type': 'url',
-                        'url': new_url,
-                    }
+                    return [self.url_result(new_url)]
                 else:
                     found = None
 
@@ -3072,13 +2746,16 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             embed_url = self._html_search_meta('twitter:player', webpage, default=None)
             if embed_url and embed_url != url:
                 self.report_detected('twitter:player iframe')
-                return self.url_result(embed_url)
+                return [self.url_result(embed_url)]
 
         if not found:
-            raise UnsupportedError(url)
+            return []
+
+        domain_name = self._search_regex(r'^(?:https?://)?([^/]*)/.*', url, 'video uploader', default=None)
 
         entries = []
         for video_url in orderedSet(found):
+            video_url = video_url.encode().decode('unicode-escape')
             video_url = unescapeHTML(video_url)
             video_url = video_url.replace('\\/', '/')
             video_url = urllib.parse.urljoin(url, video_url)
@@ -3091,7 +2768,7 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
 
             video_id = os.path.splitext(video_id)[0]
             headers = {
-                'referer': full_response.geturl()
+                'referer': actual_url
             }
 
             entry_info_dict = {
@@ -3115,11 +2792,13 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             if ext == 'smil':
                 entry_info_dict = {**self._extract_smil_info(video_url, video_id), **entry_info_dict}
             elif ext == 'xspf':
-                return self.playlist_result(self._extract_xspf_playlist(video_url, video_id), video_id)
+                return [self._extract_xspf_playlist(video_url, video_id)]
             elif ext == 'm3u8':
                 entry_info_dict['formats'], entry_info_dict['subtitles'] = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(video_url, video_id, ext='mp4', headers=headers)
+                entry_info_dict.update(self._fragment_query(video_url))
             elif ext == 'mpd':
                 entry_info_dict['formats'], entry_info_dict['subtitles'] = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(video_url, video_id, headers=headers)
+                entry_info_dict.update(self._fragment_query(video_url))
             elif ext == 'f4m':
                 entry_info_dict['formats'] = self._extract_f4m_formats(video_url, video_id, headers=headers)
             elif re.search(r'(?i)\.(?:ism|smil)/manifest', video_url) and video_url != url:
@@ -3140,19 +2819,11 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
             else:
                 entry_info_dict['url'] = video_url
 
-            if entry_info_dict.get('formats'):
-                self._sort_formats(entry_info_dict['formats'])
-
             entries.append(entry_info_dict)
 
-        if len(entries) == 1:
-            return merge_dicts(entries[0], info_dict)
-        else:
+        if len(entries) > 1:
             for num, e in enumerate(entries, start=1):
                 # 'url' results don't have a title
                 if e.get('title') is not None:
                     e['title'] = '%s (%d)' % (e['title'], num)
-            return {
-                '_type': 'playlist',
-                'entries': entries,
-            }
+        return entries
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/genericembeds.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/genericembeds.py
index 64bd20e3af..9b4f14dd13 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/genericembeds.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/genericembeds.py
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
+import re
+import urllib.parse
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import make_archive_id
+from ..utils import make_archive_id, unescapeHTML
 
 
 class HTML5MediaEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -17,7 +20,7 @@ class HTML5MediaEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
     ]
 
     def _extract_from_webpage(self, url, webpage):
-        video_id, title = self._generic_id(url), self._generic_title(url)
+        video_id, title = self._generic_id(url), self._generic_title(url, webpage)
         entries = self._parse_html5_media_entries(url, webpage, video_id, m3u8_id='hls') or []
         for num, entry in enumerate(entries, start=1):
             entry.update({
@@ -27,5 +30,85 @@ class HTML5MediaEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
                     make_archive_id('generic', f'{video_id}-{num}' if len(entries) > 1 else video_id),
                 ],
             })
-            self._sort_formats(entry['formats'])
             yield entry
+
+
+class QuotedHTMLIE(InfoExtractor):
+    """For common cases of quoted/escaped html parts in the webpage"""
+    _VALID_URL = False
+    IE_NAME = 'generic:quoted-html'
+    IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        # 2 YouTube embeds in data-html
+        'url': 'https://24tv.ua/bronetransporteri-ozbroyenni-zsu-shho-vidomo-pro-bronovik-wolfhound_n2167966',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'bronetransporteri-ozbroyenni-zsu-shho-vidomo-pro-bronovik-wolfhound_n2167966',
+            'title': 'Броньовик Wolfhound: гігант, який допомагає ЗСУ знищувати окупантів на фронті',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpe?g',
+            'timestamp': float,
+            'upload_date': str,
+            'description': 'md5:6816e1e5a65304bd7898e4c7eb1b26f7',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 2
+    }, {
+        # Generic iframe embed of TV24UAPlayerIE within data-html
+        'url': 'https://24tv.ua/harkivyani-zgaduyut-misto-do-viyni-shhemlive-video_n1887584',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1887584',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Харків\'яни згадують місто до війни: щемливе відео',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpe?g',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': True}
+    }, {
+        # YouTube embeds on Squarespace (data-html): https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21294
+        'url': 'https://www.harvardballetcompany.org/past-productions',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'past-productions',
+            'title': 'Productions — Harvard Ballet Company',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'description': 'Past Productions',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 26
+    }, {
+        # Squarespace video embed, 2019-08-28, data-html
+        'url': 'http://ootboxford.com',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'Tc7b_JGdZfw',
+            'title': 'Out of the Blue, at Childish Things 10',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'description': 'md5:a83d0026666cf5ee970f8bd1cfd69c7f',
+            'uploader_id': 'helendouglashouse',
+            'uploader': 'Helen & Douglas House',
+            'upload_date': '20140328',
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'channel': 'Helen & Douglas House',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/helendouglashouse',
+            'duration': 253,
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTChGezrZVmlYlpMlkmulPA',
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'channel_id': 'UCTChGezrZVmlYlpMlkmulPA',
+            'tags': 'count:6',
+            'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
+            'like_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Tc7b_JGdZfw/hqdefault.jpg',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _extract_from_webpage(self, url, webpage):
+        combined = ''
+        for _, html in re.findall(r'(?s)\bdata-html=(["\'])((?:(?!\1).)+)\1', webpage):
+            # unescapeHTML can handle &quot; etc., unquote can handle percent encoding
+            unquoted_html = unescapeHTML(urllib.parse.unquote(html))
+            if unquoted_html != html:
+                combined += unquoted_html
+        if combined:
+            yield from self._extract_generic_embeds(url, combined)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/genius.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/genius.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..62f5a28ffc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/genius.py
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    js_to_json,
+    smuggle_url,
+    str_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unescapeHTML,
+)
+
+
+class GeniusIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?genius\.com/videos/(?P<id>[^?/#]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://genius.com/videos/Vince-staples-breaks-down-the-meaning-of-when-sparks-fly',
+        'md5': '64c2ad98cfafcfda23bfa0ad0c512f4c',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6313303597112',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Vince Staples Breaks Down The Meaning Of “When Sparks Fly”',
+            'description': 'md5:bc15e00342c537c0039d414423ae5752',
+            'tags': 'count:1',
+            'uploader_id': '4863540648001',
+            'duration': 388.416,
+            'upload_date': '20221005',
+            'timestamp': 1664982341,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://genius.com/videos/Breaking-down-drakes-certified-lover-boy-kanye-beef-way-2-sexy-cudi',
+        'md5': 'b8ed87a5efd1473bd027c20a969d4060',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6271792014001',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'md5:c6355f7fa8a70bc86492a3963919fc15',
+            'description': 'md5:1774638c31548b31b037c09e9b821393',
+            'tags': 'count:3',
+            'uploader_id': '4863540648001',
+            'duration': 2685.099,
+            'upload_date': '20210909',
+            'timestamp': 1631209167,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        metadata = self._search_json(
+            r'<meta content="', webpage, 'metadata', display_id, transform_source=unescapeHTML)
+        video_id = traverse_obj(
+            metadata, ('video', 'provider_id'),
+            ('dfp_kv', lambda _, x: x['name'] == 'brightcove_video_id', 'values', 0), get_all=False)
+        if not video_id:
+            raise ExtractorError('Brightcove video id not found in webpage')
+
+        config = self._search_json(r'var\s*APP_CONFIG\s*=', webpage, 'config', video_id, default={})
+        account_id = config.get('brightcove_account_id', '4863540648001')
+        player_id = traverse_obj(
+            config, 'brightcove_standard_web_player_id', 'brightcove_standard_no_autoplay_web_player_id',
+            'brightcove_modal_web_player_id', 'brightcove_song_story_web_player_id', default='S1ZcmcOC1x')
+
+        return self.url_result(
+            smuggle_url(
+                f'https://players.brightcove.net/{account_id}/{player_id}_default/index.html?videoId={video_id}',
+                {'referrer': url}), 'BrightcoveNew', video_id)
+
+
+class GeniusLyricsIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?genius\.com/(?P<id>[^?/#]+)-lyrics[?/#]?'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://genius.com/Lil-baby-heyy-lyrics',
+        'playlist_mincount': 2,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '8454545',
+            'title': 'Heyy',
+            'description': 'Heyy by Lil Baby',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://genius.com/Outkast-two-dope-boyz-in-a-cadillac-lyrics',
+        'playlist_mincount': 1,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '36239',
+            'title': 'Two Dope Boyz (In a Cadillac)',
+            'description': 'Two Dope Boyz (In a Cadillac) by OutKast',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://genius.com/Playboi-carti-rip-lyrics',
+        'playlist_mincount': 1,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3710582',
+            'title': 'R.I.P.',
+            'description': 'R.I.P. by Playboi Carti',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        json_string = self._search_json(
+            r'window\.__PRELOADED_STATE__\s*=\s*JSON\.parse\(', webpage, 'json string',
+            display_id, transform_source=js_to_json, contains_pattern=r'\'{(?s:.+)}\'')
+        song_info = self._parse_json(json_string, display_id)
+        song_id = str_or_none(traverse_obj(song_info, ('songPage', 'song')))
+        if not song_id:
+            raise ExtractorError('Song id not found in webpage')
+
+        title = traverse_obj(
+            song_info, ('songPage', 'trackingData', lambda _, x: x['key'] == 'Title', 'value'),
+            get_all=False, default='untitled')
+        artist = traverse_obj(
+            song_info, ('songPage', 'trackingData', lambda _, x: x['key'] == 'Primary Artist', 'value'),
+            get_all=False, default='unknown artist')
+        media = traverse_obj(
+            song_info, ('entities', 'songs', song_id, 'media'), expected_type=list, default=[])
+
+        entries = []
+        for m in media:
+            if m.get('type') in ('video', 'audio') and m.get('url'):
+                if m.get('provider') == 'spotify':
+                    self.to_screen(f'{song_id}: Skipping Spotify audio embed')
+                else:
+                    entries.append(self.url_result(m['url']))
+
+        return self.playlist_result(entries, song_id, title, f'{title} by {artist}')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/gettr.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/gettr.py
index 9bd6200b67..7795dc56f7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/gettr.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/gettr.py
@@ -121,8 +121,6 @@ class GettrIE(GettrBaseIE):
                 'height': int_or_none(post_data.get('vid_hgt')),
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': post_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -192,8 +190,6 @@ class GettrStreamingIE(GettrBaseIE):
             'url': urljoin(self._MEDIA_BASE_URL, thumbnail),
         } for thumbnail in try_get(video_info, lambda x: x['postData']['imgs'], list) or []]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': try_get(video_info, lambda x: x['postData']['ttl'], str),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/gfycat.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/gfycat.py
index 9d091c113a..edc2e56e44 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/gfycat.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/gfycat.py
@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ class GfycatIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'filesize': filesize,
                 'quality': quality(format_id),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/giantbomb.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/giantbomb.py
index 5d6b208aad..112572366b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/giantbomb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/giantbomb.py
@@ -74,8 +74,6 @@ class GiantBombIE(InfoExtractor):
             if youtube_id:
                 return self.url_result(youtube_id, 'Youtube')
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'display_id': display_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/giga.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/giga.py
index e728598f79..b59c129abf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/giga.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/giga.py
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ class GigaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': '%s-%s' % (fmt['quality'], fmt['type'].split('/')[-1]),
                 'quality': quality(fmt['quality']),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._html_search_meta(
             'title', webpage, 'title', fatal=True)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/glide.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/glide.py
index 2bffb26dc2..d114f3494c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/glide.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/glide.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class GlideIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
-        title = self._html_extract_title(webpage, default=None) or self._og_search_title(webpage)
+        title = self._generic_title('', webpage)
         video_url = self._proto_relative_url(self._search_regex(
             r'<source[^>]+src=(["\'])(?P<url>.+?)\1',
             webpage, 'video URL', default=None,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/globo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/globo.py
index fb2a3fab23..a7be2cb766 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/globo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/globo.py
@@ -139,7 +139,6 @@ class GloboIE(InfoExtractor):
         fmts, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
             signed_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
         formats.extend(fmts)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         for resource in video['resources']:
             if resource.get('type') == 'subtitle':
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/glomex.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/glomex.py
index 86fe1b0243..22aac0db90 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/glomex.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/glomex.py
@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ class GlomexBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         if video.get('language'):
             for fmt in formats:
                 fmt['language'] = video['language']
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         images = (video.get('images') or []) + [video.get('image') or {}]
         thumbnails = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/go.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/go.py
index 9b8723ea17..b075a02e0f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/go.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/go.py
@@ -293,7 +293,6 @@ class GoIE(AdobePassIE):
                             'height': height,
                         })
                 formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         for cc in video_data.get('closedcaption', {}).get('src', []):
             cc_url = cc.get('value')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/golem.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/golem.py
index 8416b5aa47..c33d950191 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/golem.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/golem.py
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ class GolemIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'filesize': self._int(e.findtext('filesize'), 'filesize'),
                 'ext': determine_ext(e.findtext('./filename')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         info['formats'] = formats
 
         thumbnails = []
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/goodgame.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/goodgame.py
index 0866647e64..c17ad56f46 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/goodgame.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/goodgame.py
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ class GoodGameIE(InfoExtractor):
         else:
             self.raise_no_formats('User is offline', expected=True, video_id=channel_name)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': player_id,
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/googledrive.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/googledrive.py
index cb123b874d..9e2ccde005 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/googledrive.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/googledrive.py
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ import re
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import compat_parse_qs
 from ..utils import (
-    determine_ext,
     ExtractorError,
+    determine_ext,
     get_element_by_class,
     int_or_none,
     lowercase_escape,
@@ -163,15 +163,13 @@ class GoogleDriveIE(InfoExtractor):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         video_info = compat_parse_qs(self._download_webpage(
             'https://drive.google.com/get_video_info',
-            video_id, query={'docid': video_id}))
+            video_id, 'Downloading video webpage', query={'docid': video_id}))
 
         def get_value(key):
             return try_get(video_info, lambda x: x[key][0])
 
         reason = get_value('reason')
         title = get_value('title')
-        if not title and reason:
-            raise ExtractorError(reason, expected=True)
 
         formats = []
         fmt_stream_map = (get_value('fmt_stream_map') or '').split(',')
@@ -216,6 +214,11 @@ class GoogleDriveIE(InfoExtractor):
         urlh = request_source_file(source_url, 'source')
         if urlh:
             def add_source_format(urlh):
+                nonlocal title
+                if not title:
+                    title = self._search_regex(
+                        r'\bfilename="([^"]+)"', urlh.headers.get('Content-Disposition'),
+                        'title', default=None)
                 formats.append({
                     # Use redirect URLs as download URLs in order to calculate
                     # correct cookies in _calc_cookies.
@@ -251,9 +254,10 @@ class GoogleDriveIE(InfoExtractor):
                             or 'unable to extract confirmation code')
 
         if not formats and reason:
-            self.raise_no_formats(reason, expected=True)
-
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+            if title:
+                self.raise_no_formats(reason, expected=True)
+            else:
+                raise ExtractorError(reason, expected=True)
 
         hl = get_value('hl')
         subtitles_id = None
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/goplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/goplay.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..960d7d7bc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/goplay.py
@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
+import base64
+import binascii
+import datetime
+import hashlib
+import hmac
+import json
+import os
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unescapeHTML,
+)
+
+
+class GoPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(www\.)?goplay\.be/video/([^/]+/[^/]+/|)(?P<display_id>[^/#]+)'
+
+    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'goplay'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.goplay.be/video/de-container-cup/de-container-cup-s3/de-container-cup-s3-aflevering-2#autoplay',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '9c4214b8-e55d-4e4b-a446-f015f6c6f811',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'S3 - Aflevering 2',
+            'series': 'De Container Cup',
+            'season': 'Season 3',
+            'season_number': 3,
+            'episode': 'Episode 2',
+            'episode_number': 2,
+        },
+        'skip': 'This video is only available for registered users'
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.goplay.be/video/a-family-for-thr-holidays-s1-aflevering-1#autoplay',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '74e3ed07-748c-49e4-85a0-393a93337dbf',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'A Family for the Holidays',
+        },
+        'skip': 'This video is only available for registered users'
+    }]
+
+    _id_token = None
+
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
+        self.report_login()
+        aws = AwsIdp(ie=self, pool_id='eu-west-1_dViSsKM5Y', client_id='6s1h851s8uplco5h6mqh1jac8m')
+        self._id_token, _ = aws.authenticate(username=username, password=password)
+
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        if not self._id_token:
+            raise self.raise_login_required(method='password')
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        url, display_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group(0, 'display_id')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        video_data_json = self._html_search_regex(r'<div\s+data-hero="([^"]+)"', webpage, 'video_data')
+        video_data = self._parse_json(unescapeHTML(video_data_json), display_id).get('data')
+
+        movie = video_data.get('movie')
+        if movie:
+            video_id = movie['videoUuid']
+            info_dict = {
+                'title': movie.get('title')
+            }
+        else:
+            episode = traverse_obj(video_data, ('playlists', ..., 'episodes', lambda _, v: v['pageInfo']['url'] == url), get_all=False)
+            video_id = episode['videoUuid']
+            info_dict = {
+                'title': episode.get('episodeTitle'),
+                'series': traverse_obj(episode, ('program', 'title')),
+                'season_number': episode.get('seasonNumber'),
+                'episode_number': episode.get('episodeNumber'),
+            }
+
+        api = self._download_json(
+            f'https://api.goplay.be/web/v1/videos/long-form/{video_id}',
+            video_id, headers={'Authorization': 'Bearer %s' % self._id_token})
+
+        formats, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+            api['manifestUrls']['hls'], video_id, ext='mp4', m3u8_id='HLS')
+
+        info_dict.update({
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+        })
+
+        return info_dict
+
+
+# Taken from https://github.com/add-ons/plugin.video.viervijfzes/blob/master/resources/lib/viervijfzes/auth_awsidp.py
+# Released into Public domain by https://github.com/michaelarnauts
+
+class InvalidLoginException(ExtractorError):
+    """ The login credentials are invalid """
+
+
+class AuthenticationException(ExtractorError):
+    """ Something went wrong while logging in """
+
+
+class AwsIdp:
+    """ AWS Identity Provider """
+
+    def __init__(self, ie, pool_id, client_id):
+        """
+        :param InfoExtrator ie: The extractor that instantiated this class.
+        :param str pool_id:     The AWS user pool to connect to (format: <region>_<poolid>).
+                                E.g.: eu-west-1_aLkOfYN3T
+        :param str client_id:   The client application ID (the ID of the application connecting)
+        """
+
+        self.ie = ie
+
+        self.pool_id = pool_id
+        if "_" not in self.pool_id:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid pool_id format. Should be <region>_<poolid>.")
+
+        self.client_id = client_id
+        self.region = self.pool_id.split("_")[0]
+        self.url = "https://cognito-idp.%s.amazonaws.com/" % (self.region,)
+
+        # Initialize the values
+        # https://github.com/aws/amazon-cognito-identity-js/blob/master/src/AuthenticationHelper.js#L22
+        self.n_hex = 'FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFC90FDAA22168C234C4C6628B80DC1CD1' + \
+                     '29024E088A67CC74020BBEA63B139B22514A08798E3404DD' + \
+                     'EF9519B3CD3A431B302B0A6DF25F14374FE1356D6D51C245' + \
+                     'E485B576625E7EC6F44C42E9A637ED6B0BFF5CB6F406B7ED' + \
+                     'EE386BFB5A899FA5AE9F24117C4B1FE649286651ECE45B3D' + \
+                     'C2007CB8A163BF0598DA48361C55D39A69163FA8FD24CF5F' + \
+                     '83655D23DCA3AD961C62F356208552BB9ED529077096966D' + \
+                     '670C354E4ABC9804F1746C08CA18217C32905E462E36CE3B' + \
+                     'E39E772C180E86039B2783A2EC07A28FB5C55DF06F4C52C9' + \
+                     'DE2BCBF6955817183995497CEA956AE515D2261898FA0510' + \
+                     '15728E5A8AAAC42DAD33170D04507A33A85521ABDF1CBA64' + \
+                     'ECFB850458DBEF0A8AEA71575D060C7DB3970F85A6E1E4C7' + \
+                     'ABF5AE8CDB0933D71E8C94E04A25619DCEE3D2261AD2EE6B' + \
+                     'F12FFA06D98A0864D87602733EC86A64521F2B18177B200C' + \
+                     'BBE117577A615D6C770988C0BAD946E208E24FA074E5AB31' + \
+                     '43DB5BFCE0FD108E4B82D120A93AD2CAFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF'
+
+        # https://github.com/aws/amazon-cognito-identity-js/blob/master/src/AuthenticationHelper.js#L49
+        self.g_hex = '2'
+        self.info_bits = bytearray('Caldera Derived Key', 'utf-8')
+
+        self.big_n = self.__hex_to_long(self.n_hex)
+        self.g = self.__hex_to_long(self.g_hex)
+        self.k = self.__hex_to_long(self.__hex_hash('00' + self.n_hex + '0' + self.g_hex))
+        self.small_a_value = self.__generate_random_small_a()
+        self.large_a_value = self.__calculate_a()
+
+    def authenticate(self, username, password):
+        """ Authenticate with a username and password. """
+        # Step 1: First initiate an authentication request
+        auth_data_dict = self.__get_authentication_request(username)
+        auth_data = json.dumps(auth_data_dict).encode("utf-8")
+        auth_headers = {
+            "X-Amz-Target": "AWSCognitoIdentityProviderService.InitiateAuth",
+            "Accept-Encoding": "identity",
+            "Content-Type": "application/x-amz-json-1.1"
+        }
+        auth_response_json = self.ie._download_json(
+            self.url, None, data=auth_data, headers=auth_headers,
+            note='Authenticating username', errnote='Invalid username')
+        challenge_parameters = auth_response_json.get("ChallengeParameters")
+
+        if auth_response_json.get("ChallengeName") != "PASSWORD_VERIFIER":
+            raise AuthenticationException(auth_response_json["message"])
+
+        # Step 2: Respond to the Challenge with a valid ChallengeResponse
+        challenge_request = self.__get_challenge_response_request(challenge_parameters, password)
+        challenge_data = json.dumps(challenge_request).encode("utf-8")
+        challenge_headers = {
+            "X-Amz-Target": "AWSCognitoIdentityProviderService.RespondToAuthChallenge",
+            "Content-Type": "application/x-amz-json-1.1"
+        }
+        auth_response_json = self.ie._download_json(
+            self.url, None, data=challenge_data, headers=challenge_headers,
+            note='Authenticating password', errnote='Invalid password')
+
+        if 'message' in auth_response_json:
+            raise InvalidLoginException(auth_response_json['message'])
+        return (
+            auth_response_json['AuthenticationResult']['IdToken'],
+            auth_response_json['AuthenticationResult']['RefreshToken']
+        )
+
+    def __get_authentication_request(self, username):
+        """
+
+        :param str username:    The username to use
+
+        :return: A full Authorization request.
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        auth_request = {
+            "AuthParameters": {
+                "USERNAME": username,
+                "SRP_A": self.__long_to_hex(self.large_a_value)
+            },
+            "AuthFlow": "USER_SRP_AUTH",
+            "ClientId": self.client_id
+        }
+        return auth_request
+
+    def __get_challenge_response_request(self, challenge_parameters, password):
+        """ Create a Challenge Response Request object.
+
+        :param dict[str,str|imt] challenge_parameters:  The parameters for the challenge.
+        :param str password:                            The password.
+
+        :return: A valid and full request data object to use as a response for a challenge.
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        user_id = challenge_parameters["USERNAME"]
+        user_id_for_srp = challenge_parameters["USER_ID_FOR_SRP"]
+        srp_b = challenge_parameters["SRP_B"]
+        salt = challenge_parameters["SALT"]
+        secret_block = challenge_parameters["SECRET_BLOCK"]
+
+        timestamp = self.__get_current_timestamp()
+
+        # Get a HKDF key for the password, SrpB and the Salt
+        hkdf = self.__get_hkdf_key_for_password(
+            user_id_for_srp,
+            password,
+            self.__hex_to_long(srp_b),
+            salt
+        )
+        secret_block_bytes = base64.standard_b64decode(secret_block)
+
+        # the message is a combo of the pool_id, provided SRP userId, the Secret and Timestamp
+        msg = \
+            bytearray(self.pool_id.split('_')[1], 'utf-8') + \
+            bytearray(user_id_for_srp, 'utf-8') + \
+            bytearray(secret_block_bytes) + \
+            bytearray(timestamp, 'utf-8')
+        hmac_obj = hmac.new(hkdf, msg, digestmod=hashlib.sha256)
+        signature_string = base64.standard_b64encode(hmac_obj.digest()).decode('utf-8')
+        challenge_request = {
+            "ChallengeResponses": {
+                "USERNAME": user_id,
+                "TIMESTAMP": timestamp,
+                "PASSWORD_CLAIM_SECRET_BLOCK": secret_block,
+                "PASSWORD_CLAIM_SIGNATURE": signature_string
+            },
+            "ChallengeName": "PASSWORD_VERIFIER",
+            "ClientId": self.client_id
+        }
+        return challenge_request
+
+    def __get_hkdf_key_for_password(self, username, password, server_b_value, salt):
+        """ Calculates the final hkdf based on computed S value, and computed U value and the key.
+
+        :param str username:        Username.
+        :param str password:        Password.
+        :param int server_b_value:  Server B value.
+        :param int salt:            Generated salt.
+
+        :return Computed HKDF value.
+        :rtype: object
+        """
+
+        u_value = self.__calculate_u(self.large_a_value, server_b_value)
+        if u_value == 0:
+            raise ValueError('U cannot be zero.')
+        username_password = '%s%s:%s' % (self.pool_id.split('_')[1], username, password)
+        username_password_hash = self.__hash_sha256(username_password.encode('utf-8'))
+
+        x_value = self.__hex_to_long(self.__hex_hash(self.__pad_hex(salt) + username_password_hash))
+        g_mod_pow_xn = pow(self.g, x_value, self.big_n)
+        int_value2 = server_b_value - self.k * g_mod_pow_xn
+        s_value = pow(int_value2, self.small_a_value + u_value * x_value, self.big_n)
+        hkdf = self.__compute_hkdf(
+            bytearray.fromhex(self.__pad_hex(s_value)),
+            bytearray.fromhex(self.__pad_hex(self.__long_to_hex(u_value)))
+        )
+        return hkdf
+
+    def __compute_hkdf(self, ikm, salt):
+        """ Standard hkdf algorithm
+
+        :param {Buffer} ikm Input key material.
+        :param {Buffer} salt Salt value.
+        :return {Buffer} Strong key material.
+        """
+
+        prk = hmac.new(salt, ikm, hashlib.sha256).digest()
+        info_bits_update = self.info_bits + bytearray(chr(1), 'utf-8')
+        hmac_hash = hmac.new(prk, info_bits_update, hashlib.sha256).digest()
+        return hmac_hash[:16]
+
+    def __calculate_u(self, big_a, big_b):
+        """ Calculate the client's value U which is the hash of A and B
+
+        :param int big_a:   Large A value.
+        :param int big_b:   Server B value.
+
+        :return Computed U value.
+        :rtype: int
+        """
+
+        u_hex_hash = self.__hex_hash(self.__pad_hex(big_a) + self.__pad_hex(big_b))
+        return self.__hex_to_long(u_hex_hash)
+
+    def __generate_random_small_a(self):
+        """ Helper function to generate a random big integer
+
+        :return a random value.
+        :rtype: int
+        """
+        random_long_int = self.__get_random(128)
+        return random_long_int % self.big_n
+
+    def __calculate_a(self):
+        """ Calculate the client's public value A = g^a%N with the generated random number a
+
+        :return Computed large A.
+        :rtype: int
+        """
+
+        big_a = pow(self.g, self.small_a_value, self.big_n)
+        # safety check
+        if (big_a % self.big_n) == 0:
+            raise ValueError('Safety check for A failed')
+        return big_a
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __long_to_hex(long_num):
+        return '%x' % long_num
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __hex_to_long(hex_string):
+        return int(hex_string, 16)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __hex_hash(hex_string):
+        return AwsIdp.__hash_sha256(bytearray.fromhex(hex_string))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __hash_sha256(buf):
+        """AuthenticationHelper.hash"""
+        digest = hashlib.sha256(buf).hexdigest()
+        return (64 - len(digest)) * '0' + digest
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __pad_hex(long_int):
+        """ Converts a Long integer (or hex string) to hex format padded with zeroes for hashing
+
+        :param int|str long_int:    Number or string to pad.
+
+        :return Padded hex string.
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+
+        if not isinstance(long_int, str):
+            hash_str = AwsIdp.__long_to_hex(long_int)
+        else:
+            hash_str = long_int
+        if len(hash_str) % 2 == 1:
+            hash_str = '0%s' % hash_str
+        elif hash_str[0] in '89ABCDEFabcdef':
+            hash_str = '00%s' % hash_str
+        return hash_str
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __get_random(nbytes):
+        random_hex = binascii.hexlify(os.urandom(nbytes))
+        return AwsIdp.__hex_to_long(random_hex)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __get_current_timestamp():
+        """ Creates a timestamp with the correct English format.
+
+        :return: timestamp in format 'Sun Jan 27 19:00:04 UTC 2019'
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+
+        # We need US only data, so we cannot just do a strftime:
+        # Sun Jan 27 19:00:04 UTC 2019
+        months = [None, 'Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']
+        days = ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun']
+
+        time_now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
+        format_string = "{} {} {} %H:%M:%S UTC %Y".format(days[time_now.weekday()], months[time_now.month], time_now.day)
+        time_string = datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime(format_string)
+        return time_string
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "AWS IDP Client for:\nRegion: %s\nPoolId: %s\nAppId:  %s" % (
+            self.region, self.pool_id.split("_")[1], self.client_id
+        )
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/gopro.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/gopro.py
index 14d6b21879..ae965374cf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/gopro.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/gopro.py
@@ -78,8 +78,6 @@ class GoProIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         title = str_or_none(
             try_get(metadata, lambda x: x['collection']['title'])
             or self._html_search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title'], webpage)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/gronkh.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/gronkh.py
index c112c78577..b9370e36c1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/gronkh.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/gronkh.py
@@ -9,15 +9,26 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 
 class GronkhIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?gronkh\.tv/(?:watch/)?stream/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?gronkh\.tv/(?:watch/)?streams?/(?P<id>\d+)'
 
     _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://gronkh.tv/streams/657',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '657',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'H.O.R.D.E. - DAS ZWEiTE ZEiTALTER 🎲 Session 1',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://01.cdn.vod.farm/preview/9e2555d3a23bf4e5c5b7c6b3b70a9d84.jpg',
+            'upload_date': '20221111'
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': True}
+    }, {
         'url': 'https://gronkh.tv/stream/536',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '536',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'GTV0536, 2021-10-01 - MARTHA IS DEAD  #FREiAB1830  !FF7 !horde !archiv',
-            'view_count': 19491,
+            'view_count': int,
             'thumbnail': 'https://01.cdn.vod.farm/preview/6436746cce14e25f751260a692872b9b.jpg',
             'upload_date': '20211001'
         },
@@ -37,7 +48,6 @@ class GronkhIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': data_json['vtt_url'],
                 'ext': 'vtt',
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': id,
             'title': data_json.get('title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hbo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hbo.py
index f546286651..530bdb7270 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hbo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hbo.py
@@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ class HBOBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'width': format_info.get('width'),
                         'height': format_info.get('height'),
                     })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         card_sizes = xpath_element(video_data, 'titleCardSizes')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hearthisat.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hearthisat.py
index 9aa1325afd..d1a400d8cc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hearthisat.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hearthisat.py
@@ -81,7 +81,6 @@ class HearThisAtIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'acodec': ext,
                     'quality': 2,  # Usually better quality
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': track_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/heise.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/heise.py
index 4f689c6e49..27d737c049 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/heise.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/heise.py
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+import urllib.parse
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from .kaltura import KalturaIE
 from .youtube import YoutubeIE
 from ..utils import (
+    NO_DEFAULT,
     determine_ext,
     int_or_none,
-    NO_DEFAULT,
     parse_iso8601,
     smuggle_url,
     xpath_text,
@@ -23,6 +25,9 @@ class HeiseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'timestamp': 1512734959,
             'upload_date': '20171208',
             'description': 'md5:c934cbfb326c669c2bcabcbe3d3fcd20',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://.*/thumbnail/.*',
+            'duration': 2845,
+            'view_count': int,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
@@ -34,11 +39,27 @@ class HeiseIE(InfoExtractor):
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '6kmWbXleKW4',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'NEU IM SEPTEMBER | Netflix',
-            'description': 'md5:2131f3c7525e540d5fd841de938bd452',
+            'title': 'Neu im September 2017 | Netflix',
+            'description': 'md5:d6852d1f96bb80760608eed3b907437c',
             'upload_date': '20170830',
             'uploader': 'Netflix Deutschland, Österreich und Schweiz',
             'uploader_id': 'netflixdach',
+            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
+            'tags': 'count:27',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'channel_id': 'UCZqgRlLcvO3Fnx_npQJygcQ',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/6kmWbXleKW4/maxresdefault.webp',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/netflixdach',
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZqgRlLcvO3Fnx_npQJygcQ',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'channel': 'Netflix Deutschland, Österreich und Schweiz',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'duration': 67,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
@@ -52,11 +73,15 @@ class HeiseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': 'md5:47e8ffb6c46d85c92c310a512d6db271',
             'timestamp': 1512470717,
             'upload_date': '20171205',
+            'duration': 786,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://.*/thumbnail/.*',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
     }, {
+        # FIXME: Video m3u8 fails to download; issue with Kaltura extractor
         'url': 'https://www.heise.de/ct/artikel/c-t-uplink-20-8-Staubsaugerroboter-Xiaomi-Vacuum-2-AR-Brille-Meta-2-und-Android-rooten-3959893.html',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '1_59mk80sf',
@@ -69,6 +94,18 @@ class HeiseIE(InfoExtractor):
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+    }, {
+        # videout
+        'url': 'https://www.heise.de/ct/artikel/c-t-uplink-3-8-Anonyme-SIM-Karten-G-Sync-Monitore-Citizenfour-2440327.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2440327',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'c\'t uplink 3.8: Anonyme SIM-Karten, G-Sync-Monitore, Citizenfour',
+            'thumbnail': 'http://www.heise.de/imagine/yxM2qmol0xV3iFB7qFb70dGvXjc/gallery/',
+            'description': 'md5:fa164d8c8707dff124a9626d39205f5d',
+            'timestamp': 1414825200,
+            'upload_date': '20141101',
+        }
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.heise.de/ct/artikel/c-t-uplink-3-3-Owncloud-Tastaturen-Peilsender-Smartphone-2403911.html',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -127,20 +164,22 @@ class HeiseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 yt_urls, video_id, title, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key())
 
         title = extract_title()
+        api_params = urllib.parse.parse_qs(
+            self._search_regex(r'/videout/feed\.json\?([^\']+)', webpage, 'feed params', default=None) or '')
+        if not api_params or 'container' not in api_params or 'sequenz' not in api_params:
+            container_id = self._search_regex(
+                r'<div class="videoplayerjw"[^>]+data-container="([0-9]+)"',
+                webpage, 'container ID')
 
-        container_id = self._search_regex(
-            r'<div class="videoplayerjw"[^>]+data-container="([0-9]+)"',
-            webpage, 'container ID')
-
-        sequenz_id = self._search_regex(
-            r'<div class="videoplayerjw"[^>]+data-sequenz="([0-9]+)"',
-            webpage, 'sequenz ID')
-
-        doc = self._download_xml(
-            'http://www.heise.de/videout/feed', video_id, query={
+            sequenz_id = self._search_regex(
+                r'<div class="videoplayerjw"[^>]+data-sequenz="([0-9]+)"',
+                webpage, 'sequenz ID')
+            api_params = {
                 'container': container_id,
                 'sequenz': sequenz_id,
-            })
+            }
+        doc = self._download_xml(
+            'http://www.heise.de/videout/feed', video_id, query=api_params)
 
         formats = []
         for source_node in doc.findall('.//{http://rss.jwpcdn.com/}source'):
@@ -155,7 +194,6 @@ class HeiseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': '%s_%s' % (ext, label),
                 'height': height,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hellporno.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hellporno.py
index fd0327228f..fa32b27c8c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hellporno.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hellporno.py
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ class HellPornoIE(InfoExtractor):
         title = remove_end(self._html_extract_title(webpage), ' - Hell Porno')
 
         info = self._parse_html5_media_entries(url, webpage, display_id)[0]
-        self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
 
         video_id = self._search_regex(
             (r'chs_object\s*=\s*["\'](\d+)',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/helsinki.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/helsinki.py
index b7c8260553..e518cae1ac 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/helsinki.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/helsinki.py
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ class HelsinkiIE(InfoExtractor):
             'url': s['file'],
             'ext': 'mp4',
         } for s in params['sources']]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hidive.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hidive.py
index 50d49adf06..8a8749859c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hidive.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hidive.py
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import re
-
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
@@ -39,15 +37,27 @@ class HiDiveIE(InfoExtractor):
         form = self._search_regex(
             r'(?s)<form[^>]+action="/account/login"[^>]*>(.+?)</form>',
             webpage, 'login form', default=None)
-        if not form:  # logged in
+        if not form:
             return
         data = self._hidden_inputs(form)
         data.update({
             'Email': username,
             'Password': password,
         })
-        self._download_webpage(
+        login_webpage = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Logging in', data=urlencode_postdata(data))
+        # If the user has multiple profiles on their account, select one. For now pick the first profile.
+        profile_id = self._search_regex(r'<button [^>]+?data-profile-id="(\w+)"', login_webpage, 'profile_id')
+        if profile_id is None:
+            return  # If only one profile, Hidive auto-selects it
+        profile_id_hash = self._search_regex(r'\<button [^>]+?data-hash="(\w+)"', login_webpage, 'profile_id_hash')
+        self._request_webpage(
+            'https://www.hidive.com/ajax/chooseprofile', None,
+            data=urlencode_postdata({
+                'profileId': profile_id,
+                'hash': profile_id_hash,
+                'returnUrl': '/dashboard'
+            }))
 
     def _call_api(self, video_id, title, key, data={}, **kwargs):
         data = {
@@ -60,26 +70,6 @@ class HiDiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             'https://www.hidive.com/play/settings', video_id,
             data=urlencode_postdata(data), **kwargs) or {}
 
-    def _extract_subtitles_from_rendition(self, rendition, subtitles, parsed_urls):
-        for cc_file in rendition.get('ccFiles', []):
-            cc_url = url_or_none(try_get(cc_file, lambda x: x[2]))
-            # name is used since we cant distinguish subs with same language code
-            cc_lang = try_get(cc_file, (lambda x: x[1].replace(' ', '-').lower(), lambda x: x[0]), str)
-            if cc_url not in parsed_urls and cc_lang:
-                parsed_urls.add(cc_url)
-                subtitles.setdefault(cc_lang, []).append({'url': cc_url})
-
-    def _get_subtitles(self, url, video_id, title, key, parsed_urls):
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, fatal=False) or ''
-        subtitles = {}
-        for caption in set(re.findall(r'data-captions=\"([^\"]+)\"', webpage)):
-            renditions = self._call_api(
-                video_id, title, key, {'Captions': caption}, fatal=False,
-                note=f'Downloading {caption} subtitle information').get('renditions') or {}
-            for rendition_id, rendition in renditions.items():
-                self._extract_subtitles_from_rendition(rendition, subtitles, parsed_urls)
-        return subtitles
-
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id, title, key = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'title', 'key')
         settings = self._call_api(video_id, title, key)
@@ -103,12 +93,21 @@ class HiDiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                     f['language'] = audio
                     f['format_note'] = f'{version}, {extra}'
                 formats.extend(frmt)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+
+        subtitles = {}
+        for rendition_id, rendition in settings['renditions'].items():
+            audio, version, extra = rendition_id.split('_')
+            for cc_file in rendition.get('ccFiles') or []:
+                cc_url = url_or_none(try_get(cc_file, lambda x: x[2]))
+                cc_lang = try_get(cc_file, (lambda x: x[1].replace(' ', '-').lower(), lambda x: x[0]), str)
+                if cc_url not in parsed_urls and cc_lang:
+                    parsed_urls.add(cc_url)
+                    subtitles.setdefault(cc_lang, []).append({'url': cc_url})
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': video_id,
-            'subtitles': self.extract_subtitles(url, video_id, title, key, parsed_urls),
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
             'formats': formats,
             'series': title,
             'season_number': int_or_none(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hitbox.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hitbox.py
index 6ecdd390c4..f0c6898836 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hitbox.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hitbox.py
@@ -118,7 +118,6 @@ class HitboxIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'tbr': bitrate,
                     'format_note': label,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         metadata = self._extract_metadata(
             'https://www.smashcast.tv/api/media/video', video_id)
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@ class HitboxIE(InfoExtractor):
         return metadata
 
 
-class HitboxLiveIE(HitboxIE):
+class HitboxLiveIE(HitboxIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'hitbox:live'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:hitbox|smashcast)\.tv/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -200,7 +199,6 @@ class HitboxLiveIE(HitboxIE):
                             'page_url': url,
                             'player_url': 'http://www.hitbox.tv/static/player/flowplayer/flowplayer.commercial-3.2.16.swf',
                         })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         metadata = self._extract_metadata(
             'https://www.smashcast.tv/api/media/live', video_id)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hketv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hketv.py
index 4c616d1ddc..10879564fa 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hketv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hketv.py
@@ -137,7 +137,6 @@ class HKETVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'width': w,
                 'height': h,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         tracks = try_get(playlist0, lambda x: x['tracks'], list) or []
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/holodex.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/holodex.py
index 70d711719e..a2b73ecc1c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/holodex.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/holodex.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from ..utils import traverse_obj
 class HolodexIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)https?://(?:www\.|staging\.)?holodex\.net/(?:
             api/v2/playlist/(?P<playlist>\d+)|
-            watch/(?P<id>\w+)(?:\?(?:[^#]+&)?playlist=(?P<playlist2>\d+))?
+            watch/(?P<id>[\w-]{11})(?:\?(?:[^#]+&)?playlist=(?P<playlist2>\d+))?
         )'''
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://holodex.net/watch/9kQ2GtvDV3s',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hotstar.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hotstar.py
index d9223a4164..cea1812f15 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hotstar.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hotstar.py
@@ -1,22 +1,19 @@
 import hashlib
 import hmac
+import json
 import re
 import time
 import uuid
-import json
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..compat import (
-    compat_HTTPError,
-    compat_str
-)
+from ..compat import compat_HTTPError, compat_str
 from ..utils import (
-    determine_ext,
     ExtractorError,
+    determine_ext,
     int_or_none,
     join_nonempty,
     str_or_none,
-    try_get,
+    traverse_obj,
     url_or_none,
 )
 
@@ -26,6 +23,11 @@ class HotStarBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _API_URL = 'https://api.hotstar.com'
     _AKAMAI_ENCRYPTION_KEY = b'\x05\xfc\x1a\x01\xca\xc9\x4b\xc4\x12\xfc\x53\x12\x07\x75\xf9\xee'
 
+    def _call_api_v1(self, path, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self._download_json(
+            f'{self._API_URL}/o/v1/{path}', *args, **kwargs,
+            headers={'x-country-code': 'IN', 'x-platform-code': 'PCTV'})
+
     def _call_api_impl(self, path, video_id, query, st=None, cookies=None):
         st = int_or_none(st) or int(time.time())
         exp = st + 6000
@@ -59,17 +61,6 @@ class HotStarBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 response['message'], expected=True)
         return response['data']
 
-    def _call_api(self, path, video_id, query_name='contentId'):
-        return self._download_json(
-            f'{self._API_URL}/{path}', video_id=video_id,
-            query={
-                query_name: video_id,
-                'tas': 10000,
-            }, headers={
-                'x-country-code': 'IN',
-                'x-platform-code': 'PCTV',
-            })
-
     def _call_api_v2(self, path, video_id, st=None, cookies=None):
         return self._call_api_impl(
             f'{path}/content/{video_id}', video_id, st=st, cookies=cookies, query={
@@ -79,6 +70,13 @@ class HotStarBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'os-version': '10',
             })
 
+    def _playlist_entries(self, path, item_id, root=None, **kwargs):
+        results = self._call_api_v1(path, item_id, **kwargs)['body']['results']
+        for video in traverse_obj(results, (('assets', None), 'items', ...)):
+            if video.get('contentId'):
+                yield self.url_result(
+                    HotStarIE._video_url(video['contentId'], root=root), HotStarIE, video['contentId'])
+
 
 class HotStarIE(HotStarBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'hotstar'
@@ -104,6 +102,7 @@ class HotStarIE(HotStarBaseIE):
             'duration': 381,
             'episode': 'Can You Not Spread Rumours?',
         },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.hotstar.com/tv/ek-bhram-sarvagun-sampanna/s-2116/janhvi-targets-suman/1000234847',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -149,6 +148,12 @@ class HotStarIE(HotStarBaseIE):
         'dr': 'dynamic_range',
     }
 
+    _TAG_FIELDS = {
+        'language': 'language',
+        'acodec': 'audio_codec',
+        'vcodec': 'video_codec',
+    }
+
     @classmethod
     def _video_url(cls, video_id, video_type=None, *, slug='ignore_me', root=None):
         assert None in (video_type, root)
@@ -161,7 +166,8 @@ class HotStarIE(HotStarBaseIE):
         video_type = self._TYPE.get(video_type, video_type)
         cookies = self._get_cookies(url)  # Cookies before any request
 
-        video_data = self._call_api(f'o/v1/{video_type}/detail', video_id)['body']['results']['item']
+        video_data = self._call_api_v1(f'{video_type}/detail', video_id,
+                                       query={'tas': 10000, 'contentId': video_id})['body']['results']['item']
         if not self.get_param('allow_unplayable_formats') and video_data.get('drmProtected'):
             self.report_drm(video_id)
 
@@ -182,24 +188,22 @@ class HotStarIE(HotStarBaseIE):
                    for key, prefix in self._IGNORE_MAP.items()
                    for ignore in self._configuration_arg(key)):
                 continue
+            tag_dict = dict((t.split(':', 1) + [None])[:2] for t in tags.split(';'))
 
             format_url = url_or_none(playback_set.get('playbackUrl'))
             if not format_url:
                 continue
             format_url = re.sub(r'(?<=//staragvod)(\d)', r'web\1', format_url)
-            dr = re.search(r'dynamic_range:(?P<dr>[a-z]+)', playback_set.get('tagsCombination')).group('dr')
             ext = determine_ext(format_url)
 
             current_formats, current_subs = [], {}
             try:
                 if 'package:hls' in tags or ext == 'm3u8':
                     current_formats, current_subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
-                        format_url, video_id, 'mp4',
-                        entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
-                        m3u8_id=f'{dr}-hls', headers=headers)
+                        format_url, video_id, ext='mp4', headers=headers)
                 elif 'package:dash' in tags or ext == 'mpd':
                     current_formats, current_subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
-                        format_url, video_id, mpd_id=f'{dr}-dash', headers=headers)
+                        format_url, video_id, headers=headers)
                 elif ext == 'f4m':
                     pass  # XXX: produce broken files
                 else:
@@ -213,21 +217,32 @@ class HotStarIE(HotStarBaseIE):
                     geo_restricted = True
                 continue
 
-            if tags and 'encryption:plain' not in tags:
+            if tag_dict.get('encryption') not in ('plain', None):
                 for f in current_formats:
                     f['has_drm'] = True
-            if tags and 'language' in tags:
-                lang = re.search(r'language:(?P<lang>[a-z]+)', tags).group('lang')
-                for f in current_formats:
-                    if not f.get('langauge'):
-                        f['language'] = lang
+            for f in current_formats:
+                for k, v in self._TAG_FIELDS.items():
+                    if not f.get(k):
+                        f[k] = tag_dict.get(v)
+                if f.get('vcodec') != 'none' and not f.get('dynamic_range'):
+                    f['dynamic_range'] = tag_dict.get('dynamic_range')
+                if f.get('acodec') != 'none' and not f.get('audio_channels'):
+                    f['audio_channels'] = {
+                        'stereo': 2,
+                        'dolby51': 6,
+                    }.get(tag_dict.get('audio_channel'))
+                f['format_note'] = join_nonempty(
+                    tag_dict.get('ladder'),
+                    tag_dict.get('audio_channel') if f.get('acodec') != 'none' else None,
+                    f.get('format_note'),
+                    delim=', ')
 
             formats.extend(current_formats)
             subs = self._merge_subtitles(subs, current_subs)
 
         if not formats and geo_restricted:
             self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=['IN'], metadata_available=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        self._remove_duplicate_formats(formats)
         for f in formats:
             f.setdefault('http_headers', {}).update(headers)
 
@@ -236,7 +251,7 @@ class HotStarIE(HotStarBaseIE):
             'title': video_data.get('title'),
             'description': video_data.get('description'),
             'duration': int_or_none(video_data.get('duration')),
-            'timestamp': int_or_none(video_data.get('broadcastDate') or video_data.get('startDate')),
+            'timestamp': int_or_none(traverse_obj(video_data, 'broadcastDate', 'startDate')),
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': subs,
             'channel': video_data.get('channelName'),
@@ -258,16 +273,16 @@ class HotStarPrefixIE(InfoExtractor):
         'url': 'hotstar:1000076273',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
-        'url': 'hotstar:movies:1000057157',
+        'url': 'hotstar:movies:1260009879',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1000057157',
+            'id': '1260009879',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Radha Gopalam',
-            'description': 'md5:be3bc342cc120bbc95b3b0960e2b0d22',
-            'timestamp': 1140805800,
-            'upload_date': '20060224',
-            'duration': 9182,
-            'episode': 'Radha Gopalam',
+            'title': 'Nuvvu Naaku Nachav',
+            'description': 'md5:d43701b1314e6f8233ce33523c043b7d',
+            'timestamp': 1567525674,
+            'upload_date': '20190903',
+            'duration': 10787,
+            'episode': 'Nuvvu Naaku Nachav',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'hotstar:episode:1000234847',
@@ -289,7 +304,7 @@ class HotStarPrefixIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 class HotStarPlaylistIE(HotStarBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'hotstar:playlist'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?hotstar\.com/tv/[^/]+/s-\w+/list/[^/]+/t-(?P<id>\w+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?hotstar\.com(?:/in)?/tv(?:/[^/]+){2}/list/[^/]+/t-(?P<id>\w+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.hotstar.com/tv/savdhaan-india/s-26/list/popular-clips/t-3_2_26',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -299,22 +314,49 @@ class HotStarPlaylistIE(HotStarBaseIE):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.hotstar.com/tv/savdhaan-india/s-26/list/extras/t-2480',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/karthika-deepam/15457/list/popular-clips/t-3_2_1272',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
+        id_ = self._match_id(url)
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            self._playlist_entries('tray/find', id_, query={'tas': 10000, 'uqId': id_}), id_)
 
-        collection = self._call_api('o/v1/tray/find', playlist_id, 'uqId')['body']['results']
-        entries = [
-            self.url_result(HotStarIE._video_url(video['contentId']), HotStarIE, video['contentId'])
-            for video in collection['assets']['items'] if video.get('contentId')]
 
-        return self.playlist_result(entries, playlist_id)
+class HotStarSeasonIE(HotStarBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'hotstar:season'
+    _VALID_URL = r'(?P<url>https?://(?:www\.)?hotstar\.com(?:/in)?/tv/[^/]+/\w+)/seasons/[^/]+/ss-(?P<id>\w+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.hotstar.com/tv/radhakrishn/1260000646/seasons/season-2/ss-8028',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '8028',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 35,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/ishqbaaz/9567/seasons/season-2/ss-4357',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '4357',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 30,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/bigg-boss/14714/seasons/season-4/ss-8208/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '8208',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 19,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        url, season_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
+        return self.playlist_result(self._playlist_entries(
+            'season/asset', season_id, url, query={'tao': 0, 'tas': 0, 'size': 10000, 'id': season_id}), season_id)
 
 
 class HotStarSeriesIE(HotStarBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'hotstar:series'
-    _VALID_URL = r'(?P<url>https?://(?:www\.)?hotstar\.com(?:/in)?/tv/[^/]+/(?P<id>\d+))'
+    _VALID_URL = r'(?P<url>https?://(?:www\.)?hotstar\.com(?:/in)?/tv/[^/]+/(?P<id>\d+))/?(?:[#?]|$)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/radhakrishn/1260000646',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -332,22 +374,13 @@ class HotStarSeriesIE(HotStarBaseIE):
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '435',
         },
-        'playlist_mincount': 269,
+        'playlist_mincount': 267,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         url, series_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
-        headers = {
-            'x-country-code': 'IN',
-            'x-platform-code': 'PCTV',
-        }
-        detail_json = self._download_json(
-            f'{self._API_URL}/o/v1/show/detail?contentId={series_id}', series_id, headers=headers)
-        id = try_get(detail_json, lambda x: x['body']['results']['item']['id'], int)
-        item_json = self._download_json(
-            f'{self._API_URL}/o/v1/tray/g/1/items?etid=0&tao=0&tas=10000&eid={id}', series_id, headers=headers)
+        id_ = self._call_api_v1(
+            'show/detail', series_id, query={'contentId': series_id})['body']['results']['item']['id']
 
-        return self.playlist_result([
-            self.url_result(HotStarIE._video_url(video['contentId'], root=url), HotStarIE, video['contentId'])
-            for video in item_json['body']['results']['items'] if video.get('contentId')
-        ], series_id)
+        return self.playlist_result(self._playlist_entries(
+            'tray/g/1/items', series_id, url, query={'tao': 0, 'tas': 10000, 'etid': 0, 'eid': id_}), series_id)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/howstuffworks.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/howstuffworks.py
index c49c0899e0..238fc0b42d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/howstuffworks.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/howstuffworks.py
@@ -75,8 +75,6 @@ class HowStuffWorksIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'vbr': vbr,
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': '%s' % video_id,
             'display_id': display_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hrfensehen.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hrfensehen.py
index 6f7ed9b4bc..35e9f67c4a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hrfensehen.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hrfensehen.py
@@ -1,14 +1,19 @@
 import json
 import re
 
-from ..utils import int_or_none, unified_timestamp, unescapeHTML
 from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    int_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_call,
+    unescapeHTML,
+    unified_timestamp,
+)
 
 
 class HRFernsehenIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'hrfernsehen'
     _VALID_URL = r'^https?://www\.(?:hr-fernsehen|hessenschau)\.de/.*,video-(?P<id>[0-9]{6})\.html'
-
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.hessenschau.de/tv-sendung/hessenschau-vom-26082020,video-130546.html',
         'md5': '5c4e0ba94677c516a2f65a84110fc536',
@@ -21,10 +26,11 @@ class HRFernsehenIE(InfoExtractor):
             'subtitles': {'de': [{
                 'url': 'https://hr-a.akamaihd.net/video/as/hessenschau/2020_08/hrLogo_200826200407_L385592_512x288-25p-500kbit.vtt'
             }]},
-            'timestamp': 1598470200,
+            'timestamp': 1598400000,
             'upload_date': '20200826',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://www.hessenschau.de/tv-sendung/hs_ganz-1554~_t-1598465545029_v-16to9__medium.jpg',
-            'title': 'hessenschau vom 26.08.2020'
+            'thumbnail': 'https://www.hessenschau.de/tv-sendung/hs_ganz-1554~_t-1598465545029_v-16to9.jpg',
+            'title': 'hessenschau vom 26.08.2020',
+            'duration': 1654
         }
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.hr-fernsehen.de/sendungen-a-z/mex/sendungen/fair-und-gut---was-hinter-aldis-eigenem-guetesiegel-steckt,video-130544.html',
@@ -33,25 +39,18 @@ class HRFernsehenIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['DE']
 
-    def extract_airdate(self, loader_data):
-        airdate_str = loader_data.get('mediaMetadata', {}).get('agf', {}).get('airdate')
-
-        if airdate_str is None:
-            return None
-
-        return unified_timestamp(airdate_str)
-
     def extract_formats(self, loader_data):
         stream_formats = []
-        for stream_obj in loader_data["videoResolutionLevels"]:
+        data = loader_data['mediaCollection']['streams'][0]['media']
+        for inner in data[1:]:
             stream_format = {
-                'format_id': str(stream_obj['verticalResolution']) + "p",
-                'height': stream_obj['verticalResolution'],
-                'url': stream_obj['url'],
+                'format_id': try_call(lambda: f'{inner["maxHResolutionPx"]}p'),
+                'height': inner.get('maxHResolutionPx'),
+                'url': inner['url'],
             }
 
             quality_information = re.search(r'([0-9]{3,4})x([0-9]{3,4})-([0-9]{2})p-([0-9]{3,4})kbit',
-                                            stream_obj['url'])
+                                            inner['url'])
             if quality_information:
                 stream_format['width'] = int_or_none(quality_information.group(1))
                 stream_format['height'] = int_or_none(quality_information.group(2))
@@ -59,8 +58,6 @@ class HRFernsehenIE(InfoExtractor):
                 stream_format['tbr'] = int_or_none(quality_information.group(4))
 
             stream_formats.append(stream_format)
-
-        self._sort_formats(stream_formats)
         return stream_formats
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -72,22 +69,22 @@ class HRFernsehenIE(InfoExtractor):
         description = self._html_search_meta(
             ['description'], webpage)
 
-        loader_str = unescapeHTML(self._search_regex(r"data-new-hr-mediaplayer-loader='([^']*)'", webpage, "ardloader"))
+        loader_str = unescapeHTML(self._search_regex(r"data-(?:new-)?hr-mediaplayer-loader='([^']*)'", webpage, 'ardloader'))
         loader_data = json.loads(loader_str)
 
+        subtitle = traverse_obj(loader_data, ('mediaCollection', 'subTitles', 0, 'sources', 0, 'url'))
+
         info = {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
             'description': description,
             'formats': self.extract_formats(loader_data),
-            'timestamp': self.extract_airdate(loader_data)
+            'subtitles': {'de': [{'url': subtitle}]},
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(self._search_regex(
+                r'<time\sdatetime="(\d{4}\W\d{1,2}\W\d{1,2})', webpage, 'datetime', fatal=False)),
+            'duration': int_or_none(traverse_obj(
+                loader_data, ('playerConfig', 'pluginData', 'trackingAti@all', 'richMedia', 'duration'))),
+            'thumbnail': self._search_regex(r'thumbnailUrl\W*([^"]+)', webpage, 'thumbnail', default=None),
         }
 
-        if "subtitle" in loader_data:
-            info["subtitles"] = {"de": [{"url": loader_data["subtitle"]}]}
-
-        thumbnails = list(set([t for t in loader_data.get("previewImageUrl", {}).values()]))
-        if len(thumbnails) > 0:
-            info["thumbnails"] = [{"url": t} for t in thumbnails]
-
         return info
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hrti.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hrti.py
index 773ae0c9a7..cfec80d144 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hrti.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hrti.py
@@ -144,7 +144,6 @@ class HRTiIE(HRTiBaseIE):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             m3u8_url, display_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
             m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = clean_html(title_info.get('summary_long'))
         age_limit = parse_age_limit(video.get('parental_control', {}).get('rating'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hse.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hse.py
index 9faf46a5d4..3cb21d2dd1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hse.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hse.py
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ class HSEShowBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
             fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(src['url'], video_id, ext='mp4')
             formats.extend(fmts)
             subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats, subtitles
 
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/huffpost.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/huffpost.py
index 27ebc8b6c2..69fdc34ef7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/huffpost.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/huffpost.py
@@ -79,8 +79,6 @@ class HuffPostIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'vcodec': 'none' if key.startswith('audio/') else None,
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': video_title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hungama.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hungama.py
index 938a242962..2e9939601f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hungama.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hungama.py
@@ -20,15 +20,17 @@ class HungamaIE(InfoExtractor):
                     '''
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://www.hungama.com/video/krishna-chants/39349649/',
-        'md5': 'a845a6d1ebd08d80c1035126d49bd6a0',
+        'md5': '687c5f1e9f832f3b59f44ed0eb1f120a',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '2931166',
+            'id': '39349649',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Lucky Ali - Kitni Haseen Zindagi',
-            'track': 'Kitni Haseen Zindagi',
-            'artist': 'Lucky Ali',
-            'album': 'Aks',
-            'release_year': 2000,
+            'title': 'Krishna Chants',
+            'description': 'Watch Krishna Chants video now. You can also watch other latest videos only at Hungama',
+            'upload_date': '20180829',
+            'duration': 264,
+            'timestamp': 1535500800,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://images.hungama.com/c/1/0dc/2ca/39349649/39349649_700x394.jpg',
         }
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.hungama.com/movie/kahaani-2/44129919/',
@@ -40,12 +42,7 @@ class HungamaIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-
-        info = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id)
-
-        m3u8_url = self._download_json(
+        video_json = self._download_json(
             'https://www.hungama.com/index.php', video_id,
             data=urlencode_postdata({'content_id': video_id}), headers={
                 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
@@ -53,18 +50,24 @@ class HungamaIE(InfoExtractor):
             }, query={
                 'c': 'common',
                 'm': 'get_video_mdn_url',
-            })['stream_url']
+            })
 
-        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-            m3u8_url, video_id, ext='mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
-            m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(video_json['stream_url'], video_id, ext='mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
 
-        info.update({
+        json_ld = self._search_json_ld(
+            self._download_webpage(url, video_id, fatal=False) or '', video_id, fatal=False)
+
+        return {
+            **json_ld,
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
-        })
-        return info
+            'subtitles': {
+                'en': [{
+                    'url': video_json['sub_title'],
+                    'ext': 'vtt',
+                }]
+            } if video_json.get('sub_title') else None,
+        }
 
 
 class HungamaSongIE(InfoExtractor):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/huya.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/huya.py
index 6d6f099561..c4965f9bce 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/huya.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/huya.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import hashlib
 import random
+import re
 
 from ..compat import compat_urlparse, compat_b64decode
 
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ class HuyaLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
     }]
 
     _RESOLUTION = {
-        '蓝光4M': {
+        '蓝光': {
             'width': 1920,
             'height': 1080,
         },
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ class HuyaLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id=video_id)
-        stream_data = self._search_json(r'stream:\s+', webpage, 'stream', video_id=video_id, default=None)
+        stream_data = self._search_json(r'stream:\s', webpage, 'stream', video_id=video_id, default=None)
         room_info = try_get(stream_data, lambda x: x['data'][0]['gameLiveInfo'])
         if not room_info:
             raise ExtractorError('Can not extract the room info', expected=True)
@@ -76,11 +77,15 @@ class HuyaLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             if re_secret:
                 fm, ss = self.encrypt(params, stream_info, stream_name)
             for si in stream_data.get('vMultiStreamInfo'):
+                display_name, bitrate = re.fullmatch(
+                    r'(.+?)(?:(\d+)M)?', si.get('sDisplayName')).groups()
                 rate = si.get('iBitRate')
                 if rate:
                     params['ratio'] = rate
                 else:
                     params.pop('ratio', None)
+                    if bitrate:
+                        rate = int(bitrate) * 1000
                 if re_secret:
                     params['wsSecret'] = hashlib.md5(
                         '_'.join([fm, params['u'], stream_name, ss, params['wsTime']]))
@@ -90,11 +95,9 @@ class HuyaLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'tbr': rate,
                     'url': update_url_query(f'{stream_url}/{stream_name}.{stream_info.get("sFlvUrlSuffix")}',
                                             query=params),
-                    **self._RESOLUTION.get(si.get('sDisplayName'), {}),
+                    **self._RESOLUTION.get(display_name, {}),
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hypergryph.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hypergryph.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ca6caebc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hypergryph.py
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import js_to_json, traverse_obj
+
+
+class MonsterSirenHypergryphMusicIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://monster-siren\.hypergryph\.com/music/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://monster-siren.hypergryph.com/music/514562',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '514562',
+            'ext': 'wav',
+            'artist': ['塞壬唱片-MSR'],
+            'album': 'Flame Shadow',
+            'title': 'Flame Shadow',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        audio_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, audio_id)
+        json_data = self._search_json(
+            r'window\.g_initialProps\s*=', webpage, 'data', audio_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
+
+        return {
+            'id': audio_id,
+            'title': traverse_obj(json_data, ('player', 'songDetail', 'name')),
+            'url': traverse_obj(json_data, ('player', 'songDetail', 'sourceUrl')),
+            'ext': 'wav',
+            'vcodec': 'none',
+            'artist': traverse_obj(json_data, ('player', 'songDetail', 'artists')),
+            'album': traverse_obj(json_data, ('musicPlay', 'albumDetail', 'name'))
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/icareus.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/icareus.py
index dc7a2f0ba1..d081cf42e2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/icareus.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/icareus.py
@@ -169,7 +169,6 @@ class IcareusIE(InfoExtractor):
             'url': url_or_none(info.get('thumbnail') or assets.get('thumbnail'))
         }]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return merge_dicts({
             'id': video_id,
             'title': None,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ichinanalive.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ichinanalive.py
index ffff36cc1f..9d55ddc021 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ichinanalive.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ichinanalive.py
@@ -73,8 +73,6 @@ class IchinanaLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'acodec': 'aac',
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': uploader or video_id,
@@ -147,8 +145,6 @@ class IchinanaLiveClipIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'http_headers': {'Referer': url},
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': uploader or video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ign.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ign.py
index bfb1e9d649..e4db7f9fa9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ign.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ign.py
@@ -1,17 +1,20 @@
 import re
+import urllib.error
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..compat import (
-    compat_parse_qs,
-    compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
-)
+from ..compat import compat_parse_qs
 from ..utils import (
-    HEADRequest,
+    ExtractorError,
     determine_ext,
+    error_to_compat_str,
+    extract_attributes,
     int_or_none,
+    merge_dicts,
     parse_iso8601,
     strip_or_none,
-    try_get,
+    traverse_obj,
+    url_or_none,
+    urljoin,
 )
 
 
@@ -20,14 +23,90 @@ class IGNBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         return self._download_json(
             'http://apis.ign.com/{0}/v3/{0}s/slug/{1}'.format(self._PAGE_TYPE, slug), slug)
 
+    def _checked_call_api(self, slug):
+        try:
+            return self._call_api(slug)
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 404:
+                e.cause.args = e.cause.args or [
+                    e.cause.geturl(), e.cause.getcode(), e.cause.reason]
+                raise ExtractorError(
+                    'Content not found: expired?', cause=e.cause,
+                    expected=True)
+            raise
+
+    def _extract_video_info(self, video, fatal=True):
+        video_id = video['videoId']
+
+        formats = []
+        refs = traverse_obj(video, 'refs', expected_type=dict) or {}
+
+        m3u8_url = url_or_none(refs.get('m3uUrl'))
+        if m3u8_url:
+            formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native',
+                m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
+
+        f4m_url = url_or_none(refs.get('f4mUrl'))
+        if f4m_url:
+            formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(
+                f4m_url, video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
+
+        for asset in (video.get('assets') or []):
+            asset_url = url_or_none(asset.get('url'))
+            if not asset_url:
+                continue
+            formats.append({
+                'url': asset_url,
+                'tbr': int_or_none(asset.get('bitrate'), 1000),
+                'fps': int_or_none(asset.get('frame_rate')),
+                'height': int_or_none(asset.get('height')),
+                'width': int_or_none(asset.get('width')),
+            })
+
+        mezzanine_url = traverse_obj(
+            video, ('system', 'mezzanineUrl'), expected_type=url_or_none)
+        if mezzanine_url:
+            formats.append({
+                'ext': determine_ext(mezzanine_url, 'mp4'),
+                'format_id': 'mezzanine',
+                'quality': 1,
+                'url': mezzanine_url,
+            })
+
+        thumbnails = traverse_obj(
+            video, ('thumbnails', ..., {'url': 'url'}), expected_type=url_or_none)
+        tags = traverse_obj(
+            video, ('tags', ..., 'displayName'),
+            expected_type=lambda x: x.strip() or None)
+
+        metadata = traverse_obj(video, 'metadata', expected_type=dict) or {}
+        title = traverse_obj(
+            metadata, 'longTitle', 'title', 'name',
+            expected_type=lambda x: x.strip() or None)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': title,
+            'description': strip_or_none(metadata.get('description')),
+            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(metadata.get('publishDate')),
+            'duration': int_or_none(metadata.get('duration')),
+            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'tags': tags,
+        }
+
 
 class IGNIE(IGNBaseIE):
     """
     Extractor for some of the IGN sites, like www.ign.com, es.ign.com de.ign.com.
     Some videos of it.ign.com are also supported
     """
-
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:.+?\.ign|www\.pcmag)\.com/videos/(?:\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}/)?(?P<id>[^/?&#]+)'
+    _VIDEO_PATH_RE = r'/(?:\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}/)?(?P<id>.+?)'
+    _PLAYLIST_PATH_RE = r'(?:/?\?(?P<filt>[^&#]+))?'
+    _VALID_URL = (
+        r'https?://(?:.+?\.ign|www\.pcmag)\.com/videos(?:%s)'
+        % '|'.join((_VIDEO_PATH_RE + r'(?:[/?&#]|$)', _PLAYLIST_PATH_RE)))
     IE_NAME = 'ign.com'
     _PAGE_TYPE = 'video'
 
@@ -42,7 +121,13 @@ class IGNIE(IGNBaseIE):
             'timestamp': 1370440800,
             'upload_date': '20130605',
             'tags': 'count:9',
-        }
+            'display_id': 'the-last-of-us-review',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://assets1.ignimgs.com/vid/thumbnails/user/2014/03/26/lastofusreviewmimig2.jpg',
+            'duration': 440,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'nocheckcertificate': True,
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.pcmag.com/videos/2015/01/06/010615-whats-new-now-is-gogo-snooping-on-your-data',
         'md5': 'f1581a6fe8c5121be5b807684aeac3f6',
@@ -54,86 +139,48 @@ class IGNIE(IGNBaseIE):
             'timestamp': 1420571160,
             'upload_date': '20150106',
             'tags': 'count:4',
-        }
+        },
+        'skip': '404 Not Found',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.ign.com/videos/is-a-resident-evil-4-remake-on-the-way-ign-daily-fix',
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
+    @classmethod
+    def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
+        grids = re.findall(
+            r'''(?s)<section\b[^>]+\bclass\s*=\s*['"](?:[\w-]+\s+)*?content-feed-grid(?!\B|-)[^>]+>(.+?)</section[^>]*>''',
+            webpage)
+        return filter(None,
+                      (urljoin(url, m.group('path')) for m in re.finditer(
+                          r'''<a\b[^>]+\bhref\s*=\s*('|")(?P<path>/videos%s)\1'''
+                          % cls._VIDEO_PATH_RE, grids[0] if grids else '')))
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        display_id = self._match_id(url)
-        video = self._call_api(display_id)
-        video_id = video['videoId']
-        metadata = video['metadata']
-        title = metadata.get('longTitle') or metadata.get('title') or metadata['name']
+        display_id, filt = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'filt')
+        if display_id:
+            return self._extract_video(url, display_id)
+        return self._extract_playlist(url, filt or 'all')
 
-        formats = []
-        refs = video.get('refs') or {}
+    def _extract_playlist(self, url, display_id):
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
 
-        m3u8_url = refs.get('m3uUrl')
-        if m3u8_url:
-            formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native',
-                m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            (self.url_result(u, self.ie_key())
+             for u in self._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage)),
+            playlist_id=display_id)
 
-        f4m_url = refs.get('f4mUrl')
-        if f4m_url:
-            formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(
-                f4m_url, video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
+    def _extract_video(self, url, display_id):
+        video = self._checked_call_api(display_id)
 
-        for asset in (video.get('assets') or []):
-            asset_url = asset.get('url')
-            if not asset_url:
-                continue
-            formats.append({
-                'url': asset_url,
-                'tbr': int_or_none(asset.get('bitrate'), 1000),
-                'fps': int_or_none(asset.get('frame_rate')),
-                'height': int_or_none(asset.get('height')),
-                'width': int_or_none(asset.get('width')),
-            })
+        info = self._extract_video_info(video)
 
-        mezzanine_url = try_get(video, lambda x: x['system']['mezzanineUrl'])
-        if mezzanine_url:
-            formats.append({
-                'ext': determine_ext(mezzanine_url, 'mp4'),
-                'format_id': 'mezzanine',
-                'quality': 1,
-                'url': mezzanine_url,
-            })
-
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        thumbnails = []
-        for thumbnail in (video.get('thumbnails') or []):
-            thumbnail_url = thumbnail.get('url')
-            if not thumbnail_url:
-                continue
-            thumbnails.append({
-                'url': thumbnail_url,
-            })
-
-        tags = []
-        for tag in (video.get('tags') or []):
-            display_name = tag.get('displayName')
-            if not display_name:
-                continue
-            tags.append(display_name)
-
-        return {
-            'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': strip_or_none(metadata.get('description')),
-            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(metadata.get('publishDate')),
-            'duration': int_or_none(metadata.get('duration')),
+        return merge_dicts({
             'display_id': display_id,
-            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
-            'formats': formats,
-            'tags': tags,
-        }
+        }, info)
 
 
-class IGNVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
+class IGNVideoIE(IGNBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://.+?\.ign\.com/(?:[a-z]{2}/)?[^/]+/(?P<id>\d+)/(?:video|trailer)/'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://me.ign.com/en/videos/112203/video/how-hitman-aims-to-be-different-than-every-other-s',
@@ -145,7 +192,16 @@ class IGNVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': 'Taking out assassination targets in Hitman has never been more stylish.',
             'timestamp': 1444665600,
             'upload_date': '20151012',
-        }
+            'display_id': '112203',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://sm.ign.com/ign_me/video/h/how-hitman/how-hitman-aims-to-be-different-than-every-other-s_8z14.jpg',
+            'duration': 298,
+            'tags': 'count:13',
+            'display_id': '112203',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://sm.ign.com/ign_me/video/h/how-hitman/how-hitman-aims-to-be-different-than-every-other-s_8z14.jpg',
+            'duration': 298,
+            'tags': 'count:13',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['HTTP Error 400: Bad Request'],
     }, {
         'url': 'http://me.ign.com/ar/angry-birds-2/106533/video/lrd-ldyy-lwl-lfylm-angry-birds',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -165,22 +221,38 @@ class IGNVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        req = HEADRequest(url.rsplit('/', 1)[0] + '/embed')
-        url = self._request_webpage(req, video_id).geturl()
+        parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+        embed_url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(
+            parsed_url._replace(path=parsed_url.path.rsplit('/', 1)[0] + '/embed'))
+
+        webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(embed_url, video_id)
+        new_url = urlh.geturl()
         ign_url = compat_parse_qs(
-            compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).query).get('url', [None])[0]
+            urllib.parse.urlparse(new_url).query).get('url', [None])[-1]
         if ign_url:
             return self.url_result(ign_url, IGNIE.ie_key())
-        return self.url_result(url)
+        video = self._search_regex(r'(<div\b[^>]+\bdata-video-id\s*=\s*[^>]+>)', webpage, 'video element', fatal=False)
+        if not video:
+            if new_url == url:
+                raise ExtractorError('Redirect loop: ' + url)
+            return self.url_result(new_url)
+        video = extract_attributes(video)
+        video_data = video.get('data-settings') or '{}'
+        video_data = self._parse_json(video_data, video_id)['video']
+        info = self._extract_video_info(video_data)
+
+        return merge_dicts({
+            'display_id': video_id,
+        }, info)
 
 
 class IGNArticleIE(IGNBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://.+?\.ign\.com/(?:articles(?:/\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2})?|(?:[a-z]{2}/)?feature/\d+)/(?P<id>[^/?&#]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://.+?\.ign\.com/(?:articles(?:/\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2})?|(?:[a-z]{2}/)?(?:[\w-]+/)*?feature/\d+)/(?P<id>[^/?&#]+)'
     _PAGE_TYPE = 'article'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://me.ign.com/en/feature/15775/100-little-things-in-gta-5-that-will-blow-your-mind',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '524497489e4e8ff5848ece34',
+            'id': '72113',
             'title': '100 Little Things in GTA 5 That Will Blow Your Mind',
         },
         'playlist': [
@@ -188,34 +260,43 @@ class IGNArticleIE(IGNBaseIE):
                 'info_dict': {
                     'id': '5ebbd138523268b93c9141af17bec937',
                     'ext': 'mp4',
-                    'title': 'GTA 5 Video Review',
+                    'title': 'Grand Theft Auto V Video Review',
                     'description': 'Rockstar drops the mic on this generation of games. Watch our review of the masterly Grand Theft Auto V.',
                     'timestamp': 1379339880,
                     'upload_date': '20130916',
+                    'tags': 'count:12',
+                    'thumbnail': 'https://assets1.ignimgs.com/thumbs/userUploaded/2021/8/16/gta-v-heistsjpg-e94705-1629138553533.jpeg',
+                    'display_id': 'grand-theft-auto-v-video-review',
+                    'duration': 501,
                 },
             },
             {
                 'info_dict': {
                     'id': '638672ee848ae4ff108df2a296418ee2',
                     'ext': 'mp4',
-                    'title': '26 Twisted Moments from GTA 5 in Slow Motion',
+                    'title': 'GTA 5 In Slow Motion',
                     'description': 'The twisted beauty of GTA 5 in stunning slow motion.',
                     'timestamp': 1386878820,
                     'upload_date': '20131212',
+                    'duration': 202,
+                    'tags': 'count:25',
+                    'display_id': 'gta-5-in-slow-motion',
+                    'thumbnail': 'https://assets1.ignimgs.com/vid/thumbnails/user/2013/11/03/GTA-SLO-MO-1.jpg',
                 },
             },
         ],
         'params': {
-            'playlist_items': '2-3',
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Backend fetch failed'],
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.ign.com/articles/2014/08/15/rewind-theater-wild-trailer-gamescom-2014?watch',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '53ee806780a81ec46e0790f8',
             'title': 'Rewind Theater - Wild Trailer Gamescom 2014',
         },
-        'playlist_count': 2,
+        'playlist_count': 1,
+        'expected_warnings': ['Backend fetch failed'],
     }, {
         # videoId pattern
         'url': 'http://www.ign.com/articles/2017/06/08/new-ducktales-short-donalds-birthday-doesnt-go-as-planned',
@@ -238,18 +319,84 @@ class IGNArticleIE(IGNBaseIE):
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
+    def _checked_call_api(self, slug):
+        try:
+            return self._call_api(slug)
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError):
+                e.cause.args = e.cause.args or [
+                    e.cause.geturl(), e.cause.getcode(), e.cause.reason]
+                if e.cause.code == 404:
+                    raise ExtractorError(
+                        'Content not found: expired?', cause=e.cause,
+                        expected=True)
+                elif e.cause.code == 503:
+                    self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e.cause))
+                    return
+            raise
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         display_id = self._match_id(url)
-        article = self._call_api(display_id)
+        article = self._checked_call_api(display_id)
 
-        def entries():
-            media_url = try_get(article, lambda x: x['mediaRelations'][0]['media']['metadata']['url'])
-            if media_url:
-                yield self.url_result(media_url, IGNIE.ie_key())
-            for content in (article.get('content') or []):
-                for video_url in re.findall(r'(?:\[(?:ignvideo\s+url|youtube\s+clip_id)|<iframe[^>]+src)="([^"]+)"', content):
-                    yield self.url_result(video_url)
+        if article:
+            # obsolete ?
+            def entries():
+                media_url = traverse_obj(
+                    article, ('mediaRelations', 0, 'media', 'metadata', 'url'),
+                    expected_type=url_or_none)
+                if media_url:
+                    yield self.url_result(media_url, IGNIE.ie_key())
+                for content in (article.get('content') or []):
+                    for video_url in re.findall(r'(?:\[(?:ignvideo\s+url|youtube\s+clip_id)|<iframe[^>]+src)="([^"]+)"', content):
+                        if url_or_none(video_url):
+                            yield self.url_result(video_url)
+
+            return self.playlist_result(
+                entries(), article.get('articleId'),
+                traverse_obj(
+                    article, ('metadata', 'headline'),
+                    expected_type=lambda x: x.strip() or None))
+
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        playlist_id = self._html_search_meta('dable:item_id', webpage, default=None)
+        if playlist_id:
+
+            def entries():
+                for m in re.finditer(
+                        r'''(?s)<object\b[^>]+\bclass\s*=\s*("|')ign-videoplayer\1[^>]*>(?P<params>.+?)</object''',
+                        webpage):
+                    flashvars = self._search_regex(
+                        r'''(<param\b[^>]+\bname\s*=\s*("|')flashvars\2[^>]*>)''',
+                        m.group('params'), 'flashvars', default='')
+                    flashvars = compat_parse_qs(extract_attributes(flashvars).get('value') or '')
+                    v_url = url_or_none((flashvars.get('url') or [None])[-1])
+                    if v_url:
+                        yield self.url_result(v_url)
+        else:
+            playlist_id = self._search_regex(
+                r'''\bdata-post-id\s*=\s*("|')(?P<id>[\da-f]+)\1''',
+                webpage, 'id', group='id', default=None)
+
+            nextjs_data = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, display_id)
+
+            def entries():
+                for player in traverse_obj(
+                        nextjs_data,
+                        ('props', 'apolloState', 'ROOT_QUERY', lambda k, _: k.startswith('videoPlayerProps('), '__ref')):
+                    # skip promo links (which may not always be served, eg GH CI servers)
+                    if traverse_obj(nextjs_data,
+                                    ('props', 'apolloState', player.replace('PlayerProps', 'ModernContent')),
+                                    expected_type=dict):
+                        continue
+                    video = traverse_obj(nextjs_data, ('props', 'apolloState', player), expected_type=dict) or {}
+                    info = self._extract_video_info(video, fatal=False)
+                    if info:
+                        yield merge_dicts({
+                            'display_id': display_id,
+                        }, info)
 
         return self.playlist_result(
-            entries(), article.get('articleId'),
-            strip_or_none(try_get(article, lambda x: x['metadata']['headline'])))
+            entries(), playlist_id or display_id,
+            re.sub(r'\s+-\s+IGN\s*$', '', self._og_search_title(webpage, default='')) or None)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/iltalehti.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/iltalehti.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0e7e82c9c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/iltalehti.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import js_to_json, traverse_obj
+
+
+class IltalehtiIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?iltalehti\.fi/[^/?#]+/a/(?P<id>[^/?#])'
+    _TESTS = [
+        # jwplatform embed main_media
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.iltalehti.fi/ulkomaat/a/9fbd067f-94e4-46cd-8748-9d958eb4dae2',
+            'md5': 'af12d42c539f1f49f0b62d231fe72dcd',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'gYjjaf1L',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Sensuroimaton Päivärinta, jakso 227: Vieraana Suomen Venäjän ex-suurlähettiläs René Nyberg ja Kenraalimajuri evp Pekka Toveri',
+                'description': '',
+                'upload_date': '20220928',
+                'timestamp': 1664360878,
+                'duration': 2089,
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            },
+        },
+        # jwplatform embed body
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/1ce49d85-1670-428b-8db8-d2479b9950a4',
+            'md5': '9e50334b8f8330ce8828b567a82a3c65',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '18R6zkLi',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Pekka Toverin arvio: Näin Nord Stream -kaasuputken räjäyttäminen on saatettu toteuttaa',
+                'description': 'md5:3d1302c9e17e7ffd564143ff58f8de35',
+                'upload_date': '20220929',
+                'timestamp': 1664435867,
+                'duration': 165.0,
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            },
+        },
+    ]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        article_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, article_id)
+        info = self._search_json(
+            r'<script>\s*window.App\s*=', webpage, 'json', article_id,
+            transform_source=js_to_json)
+        props = traverse_obj(info, (
+            'state', 'articles', ..., 'items', (('main_media', 'properties'), ('body', ..., 'properties'))))
+        video_ids = traverse_obj(props, (lambda _, v: v['provider'] == 'jwplayer', 'id'))
+        return self.playlist_from_matches(
+            video_ids, article_id, ie='JWPlatform', getter=lambda id: f'jwplatform:{id}',
+            title=traverse_obj(info, ('state', 'articles', ..., 'items', 'canonical_title'), get_all=False))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/imdb.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/imdb.py
index 74cab7dc1d..557a3b7b7b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/imdb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/imdb.py
@@ -100,7 +100,6 @@ class ImdbIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'ext': ext,
                 'quality': quality(format_id),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/imggaming.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/imggaming.py
index 5b8bfda96f..8e220fd9f3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/imggaming.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/imggaming.py
@@ -103,7 +103,6 @@ class ImgGamingBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
                     media_url, media_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False,
                     headers=self._MANIFEST_HEADERS))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for subtitle in video_data.get('subtitles', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/imgur.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/imgur.py
index a3bb476154..bff6ed57f5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/imgur.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/imgur.py
@@ -84,8 +84,6 @@ class ImgurIE(InfoExtractor):
                 },
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
@@ -138,7 +136,7 @@ class ImgurGalleryIE(InfoExtractor):
         return self.url_result('http://imgur.com/%s' % gallery_id, ImgurIE.ie_key(), gallery_id)
 
 
-class ImgurAlbumIE(ImgurGalleryIE):
+class ImgurAlbumIE(ImgurGalleryIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'imgur:album'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:i\.)?imgur\.com/a/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9]+)'
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/indavideo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/indavideo.py
index b397c168c4..4fa97d8bba 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/indavideo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/indavideo.py
@@ -89,7 +89,6 @@ class IndavideoEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': video_url,
                 'height': height,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         timestamp = video.get('date')
         if timestamp:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/infoq.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/infoq.py
index 6b31701eb1..192bcfe35d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/infoq.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/infoq.py
@@ -128,8 +128,6 @@ class InfoQIE(BokeCCBaseIE):
                 + self._extract_http_video(webpage)
                 + self._extract_http_audio(webpage, video_id))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': video_title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/instagram.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/instagram.py
index e997a3fbb7..02335138f1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/instagram.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/instagram.py
@@ -155,7 +155,6 @@ class InstagramBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         } for format in videos_list or []]
         if dash_manifest_raw:
             formats.extend(self._parse_mpd_formats(self._parse_xml(dash_manifest_raw, media_id), mpd_id='dash'))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = [{
             'url': thumbnail.get('url'),
@@ -173,18 +172,9 @@ class InstagramBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         if isinstance(product_info, list):
             product_info = product_info[0]
 
-        comment_data = traverse_obj(product_info, ('edge_media_to_parent_comment', 'edges'))
-        comments = [{
-            'author': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'owner', 'username')),
-            'author_id': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'owner', 'id')),
-            'id': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'id')),
-            'text': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'text')),
-            'timestamp': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'created_at'), expected_type=int_or_none),
-        } for comment_dict in comment_data] if comment_data else None
-
         user_info = product_info.get('user') or {}
         info_dict = {
-            'id': product_info.get('code') or _pk_to_id(product_info.get('pk')),
+            'id': _pk_to_id(traverse_obj(product_info, 'pk', 'id', expected_type=str_or_none)[:19]),
             'title': product_info.get('title') or f'Video by {user_info.get("username")}',
             'description': traverse_obj(product_info, ('caption', 'text'), expected_type=str_or_none),
             'timestamp': int_or_none(product_info.get('taken_at')),
@@ -194,7 +184,7 @@ class InstagramBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'view_count': int_or_none(product_info.get('view_count')),
             'like_count': int_or_none(product_info.get('like_count')),
             'comment_count': int_or_none(product_info.get('comment_count')),
-            'comments': comments,
+            '__post_extractor': self.extract_comments(_pk_to_id(product_info.get('pk'))),
             'http_headers': {
                 'Referer': 'https://www.instagram.com/',
             }
@@ -216,6 +206,23 @@ class InstagramBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             **self._extract_product_media(product_info)
         }
 
+    def _get_comments(self, video_id):
+        comments_info = self._download_json(
+            f'{self._API_BASE_URL}/media/{_id_to_pk(video_id)}/comments/?can_support_threading=true&permalink_enabled=false', video_id,
+            fatal=False, errnote='Comments extraction failed', note='Downloading comments info', headers=self._API_HEADERS) or {}
+
+        comment_data = traverse_obj(comments_info, ('edge_media_to_parent_comment', 'edges'), 'comments')
+        for comment_dict in comment_data or []:
+            yield {
+                'author': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'owner', 'username'), ('user', 'username')),
+                'author_id': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'owner', 'id'), ('user', 'pk')),
+                'author_thumbnail': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'owner', 'profile_pic_url'), ('user', 'profile_pic_url'), expected_type=url_or_none),
+                'id': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'id'), 'pk'),
+                'text': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'text'), 'text'),
+                'like_count': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'edge_liked_by', 'count'), 'comment_like_count', expected_type=int_or_none),
+                'timestamp': traverse_obj(comment_dict, ('node', 'created_at'), 'created_at', expected_type=int_or_none),
+            }
+
 
 class InstagramIOSIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_DESC = 'IOS instagram:// URL'
@@ -258,7 +265,7 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
             'title': 'Video by naomipq',
             'description': 'md5:1f17f0ab29bd6fe2bfad705f58de3cb8',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
-            'duration': 0,
+            'duration': 8.747,
             'timestamp': 1371748545,
             'upload_date': '20130620',
             'uploader_id': '2815873',
@@ -268,27 +275,34 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
             'comment_count': int,
             'comments': list,
         },
+        'expected_warnings': [
+            'General metadata extraction failed',
+            'Main webpage is locked behind the login page',
+        ],
     }, {
-        # missing description
-        'url': 'https://www.instagram.com/p/BA-pQFBG8HZ/?taken-by=britneyspears',
+        # reel
+        'url': 'https://www.instagram.com/reel/Chunk8-jurw/',
+        'md5': 'f6d8277f74515fa3ff9f5791426e42b1',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'BA-pQFBG8HZ',
+            'id': 'Chunk8-jurw',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Video by britneyspears',
+            'title': 'Video by instagram',
+            'description': 'md5:c9cde483606ed6f80fbe9283a6a2b290',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
-            'duration': 0,
-            'timestamp': 1453760977,
-            'upload_date': '20160125',
-            'uploader_id': '12246775',
-            'uploader': 'Britney Spears',
-            'channel': 'britneyspears',
+            'duration': 5.016,
+            'timestamp': 1661529231,
+            'upload_date': '20220826',
+            'uploader_id': '25025320',
+            'uploader': 'Instagram',
+            'channel': 'instagram',
             'like_count': int,
             'comment_count': int,
             'comments': list,
         },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
+        'expected_warnings': [
+            'General metadata extraction failed',
+            'Main webpage is locked behind the login page',
+        ],
     }, {
         # multi video post
         'url': 'https://www.instagram.com/p/BQ0eAlwhDrw/',
@@ -297,18 +311,24 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
                 'id': 'BQ0dSaohpPW',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': 'Video 1',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+                'view_count': int,
             },
         }, {
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': 'BQ0dTpOhuHT',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': 'Video 2',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+                'view_count': int,
             },
         }, {
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': 'BQ0dT7RBFeF',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': 'Video 3',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+                'view_count': int,
             },
         }],
         'info_dict': {
@@ -316,6 +336,10 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
             'title': 'Post by instagram',
             'description': 'md5:0f9203fc6a2ce4d228da5754bcf54957',
         },
+        'expected_warnings': [
+            'General metadata extraction failed',
+            'Main webpage is locked behind the login page',
+        ],
     }, {
         # IGTV
         'url': 'https://www.instagram.com/tv/BkfuX9UB-eK/',
@@ -334,7 +358,11 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
             'comment_count': int,
             'comments': list,
             'description': 'Meet Cass Hirst (@cass.fb), a fingerboarding pro who can perform tiny ollies and kickflips while blindfolded.',
-        }
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': [
+            'General metadata extraction failed',
+            'Main webpage is locked behind the login page',
+        ],
     }, {
         'url': 'https://instagram.com/p/-Cmh1cukG2/',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -367,6 +395,15 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
         video_id, url = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'url')
         media, webpage = {}, ''
 
+        if self._get_cookies(url).get('sessionid'):
+            info = traverse_obj(self._download_json(
+                f'{self._API_BASE_URL}/media/{_id_to_pk(video_id)}/info/', video_id,
+                fatal=False, errnote='Video info extraction failed',
+                note='Downloading video info', headers=self._API_HEADERS), ('items', 0))
+            if info:
+                media.update(info)
+                return self._extract_product(media)
+
         api_check = self._download_json(
             f'{self._API_BASE_URL}/web/get_ruling_for_content/?content_type=MEDIA&target_id={_id_to_pk(video_id)}',
             video_id, headers=self._API_HEADERS, fatal=False, note='Setting up session', errnote=False) or {}
@@ -374,40 +411,32 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
 
         if not csrf_token:
             self.report_warning('No csrf token set by Instagram API', video_id)
-        elif api_check.get('status') != 'ok':
-            self.report_warning('Instagram API is not granting access', video_id)
         else:
-            if self._get_cookies(url).get('sessionid'):
-                media.update(traverse_obj(self._download_json(
-                    f'{self._API_BASE_URL}/media/{_id_to_pk(video_id)}/info/', video_id,
-                    fatal=False, note='Downloading video info', headers={
-                        **self._API_HEADERS,
-                        'X-CSRFToken': csrf_token.value,
-                    }), ('items', 0)) or {})
-                if media:
-                    return self._extract_product(media)
+            csrf_token = csrf_token.value if api_check.get('status') == 'ok' else None
+            if not csrf_token:
+                self.report_warning('Instagram API is not granting access', video_id)
 
-            variables = {
-                'shortcode': video_id,
-                'child_comment_count': 3,
-                'fetch_comment_count': 40,
-                'parent_comment_count': 24,
-                'has_threaded_comments': True,
-            }
-            general_info = self._download_json(
-                'https://www.instagram.com/graphql/query/', video_id, fatal=False,
-                headers={
-                    **self._API_HEADERS,
-                    'X-CSRFToken': csrf_token.value,
-                    'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
-                    'Referer': url,
-                }, query={
-                    'query_hash': '9f8827793ef34641b2fb195d4d41151c',
-                    'variables': json.dumps(variables, separators=(',', ':')),
-                })
-            media.update(traverse_obj(general_info, ('data', 'shortcode_media')) or {})
+        variables = {
+            'shortcode': video_id,
+            'child_comment_count': 3,
+            'fetch_comment_count': 40,
+            'parent_comment_count': 24,
+            'has_threaded_comments': True,
+        }
+        general_info = self._download_json(
+            'https://www.instagram.com/graphql/query/', video_id, fatal=False, errnote=False,
+            headers={
+                **self._API_HEADERS,
+                'X-CSRFToken': csrf_token or '',
+                'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
+                'Referer': url,
+            }, query={
+                'query_hash': '9f8827793ef34641b2fb195d4d41151c',
+                'variables': json.dumps(variables, separators=(',', ':')),
+            })
+        media.update(traverse_obj(general_info, ('data', 'shortcode_media')) or {})
 
-        if not media:
+        if not general_info:
             self.report_warning('General metadata extraction failed (some metadata might be missing).', video_id)
             webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(url, video_id)
             shared_data = self._search_json(
@@ -418,12 +447,12 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
                     shared_data, ('entry_data', 'PostPage', 0, 'graphql', 'shortcode_media'),
                     ('entry_data', 'PostPage', 0, 'media'), expected_type=dict) or {})
             else:
-                self.report_warning('Main webpage is locked behind the login page. Retrying with embed webpage')
+                self.report_warning('Main webpage is locked behind the login page. Retrying with embed webpage (some metadata might be missing).')
                 webpage = self._download_webpage(
                     f'{url}/embed/', video_id, note='Downloading embed webpage', fatal=False)
                 additional_data = self._search_json(
-                    r'window\.__additionalDataLoaded\s*\(\s*[^,]+,\s*', webpage, 'additional data', video_id, fatal=False)
-                if not additional_data:
+                    r'window\.__additionalDataLoaded\s*\(\s*[^,]+,', webpage, 'additional data', video_id, fatal=False)
+                if not additional_data and not media:
                     self.raise_login_required('Requested content is not available, rate-limit reached or login required')
 
                 product_item = traverse_obj(additional_data, ('items', 0), expected_type=dict)
@@ -464,7 +493,6 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
         dash = traverse_obj(media, ('dash_info', 'video_dash_manifest'))
         if dash:
             formats.extend(self._parse_mpd_formats(self._parse_xml(dash, video_id), mpd_id='dash'))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         comment_data = traverse_obj(media, ('edge_media_to_parent_comment', 'edges'))
         comments = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/internazionale.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/internazionale.py
index c8f70785f1..1b1cb574ad 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/internazionale.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/internazionale.py
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ class InternazionaleIE(InfoExtractor):
             entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
         formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
             video_base + 'mpd', display_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         timestamp = unified_timestamp(self._html_search_meta(
             'article:published_time', webpage, 'timestamp'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/internetvideoarchive.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/internetvideoarchive.py
index 6a8e30d73d..9d2574cb06 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/internetvideoarchive.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/internetvideoarchive.py
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ class InternetVideoArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 replace_url('.mpd'), video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
             formats.extend(self._extract_ism_formats(
                 replace_url('Manifest'), video_id, ism_id='mss', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/iprima.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/iprima.py
index 5e0b523dcb..e58e9c2ee1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/iprima.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/iprima.py
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ from ..utils import (
     js_to_json,
     urlencode_postdata,
     ExtractorError,
-    parse_qs
+    parse_qs,
+    traverse_obj
 )
 
 
@@ -15,8 +16,7 @@ class IPrimaIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?!cnn)(?:[^/]+)\.iprima\.cz/(?:[^/]+/)*(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
     _GEO_BYPASS = False
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'iprima'
-    _LOGIN_URL = 'https://auth.iprima.cz/oauth2/login'
-    _TOKEN_URL = 'https://auth.iprima.cz/oauth2/token'
+    _AUTH_ROOT = 'https://auth.iprima.cz'
     access_token = None
 
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class IPrimaIE(InfoExtractor):
             return
 
         login_page = self._download_webpage(
-            self._LOGIN_URL, None, note='Downloading login page',
+            f'{self._AUTH_ROOT}/oauth2/login', None, note='Downloading login page',
             errnote='Downloading login page failed')
 
         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
@@ -76,11 +76,20 @@ class IPrimaIE(InfoExtractor):
             '_email': username,
             '_password': password})
 
-        _, login_handle = self._download_webpage_handle(
-            self._LOGIN_URL, None, data=urlencode_postdata(login_form),
+        profile_select_html, login_handle = self._download_webpage_handle(
+            f'{self._AUTH_ROOT}/oauth2/login', None, data=urlencode_postdata(login_form),
             note='Logging in')
 
-        code = parse_qs(login_handle.geturl()).get('code')[0]
+        # a profile may need to be selected first, even when there is only a single one
+        if '/profile-select' in login_handle.geturl():
+            profile_id = self._search_regex(
+                r'data-identifier\s*=\s*["\']?(\w+)', profile_select_html, 'profile id')
+
+            login_handle = self._request_webpage(
+                f'{self._AUTH_ROOT}/user/profile-select-perform/{profile_id}', None,
+                query={'continueUrl': '/user/login?redirect_uri=/user/'}, note='Selecting profile')
+
+        code = traverse_obj(login_handle.geturl(), ({parse_qs}, 'code', 0))
         if not code:
             raise ExtractorError('Login failed', expected=True)
 
@@ -89,10 +98,10 @@ class IPrimaIE(InfoExtractor):
             'client_id': 'prima_sso',
             'grant_type': 'authorization_code',
             'code': code,
-            'redirect_uri': 'https://auth.iprima.cz/sso/auth-check'}
+            'redirect_uri': f'{self._AUTH_ROOT}/sso/auth-check'}
 
         token_data = self._download_json(
-            self._TOKEN_URL, None,
+            f'{self._AUTH_ROOT}/oauth2/token', None,
             note='Downloading token', errnote='Downloading token failed',
             data=urlencode_postdata(token_request_data))
 
@@ -115,14 +124,22 @@ class IPrimaIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
-        title = self._html_search_meta(
+        title = self._html_extract_title(webpage) or self._html_search_meta(
             ['og:title', 'twitter:title'],
             webpage, 'title', default=None)
 
         video_id = self._search_regex((
             r'productId\s*=\s*([\'"])(?P<id>p\d+)\1',
-            r'pproduct_id\s*=\s*([\'"])(?P<id>p\d+)\1'),
-            webpage, 'real id', group='id')
+            r'pproduct_id\s*=\s*([\'"])(?P<id>p\d+)\1',
+        ), webpage, 'real id', group='id', default=None)
+
+        if not video_id:
+            nuxt_data = self._search_nuxt_data(webpage, video_id, traverse='data')
+            video_id = traverse_obj(
+                nuxt_data, (..., 'content', 'additionals', 'videoPlayId', {str}), get_all=False)
+
+        if not video_id:
+            self.raise_no_formats('Unable to extract video ID from webpage')
 
         metadata = self._download_json(
             f'https://api.play-backend.iprima.cz/api/v1//products/id-{video_id}/play',
@@ -148,9 +165,8 @@ class IPrimaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 elif manifest_type == 'DASH' or ext == 'mpd':
                     formats += self._extract_mpd_formats(
                         manifest_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False)
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
-        final_result = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id) or {}
+        final_result = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, default={})
         final_result.update({
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -248,8 +264,6 @@ class IPrimaCNNIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not formats and '>GEO_IP_NOT_ALLOWED<' in playerpage:
             self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=['CZ'], metadata_available=True)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/iqiyi.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/iqiyi.py
index 6a43846c17..4443b1991a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/iqiyi.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/iqiyi.py
@@ -385,7 +385,6 @@ class IqiyiIE(InfoExtractor):
 
             self._sleep(5, video_id)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         title = (get_element_by_id('widget-videotitle', webpage)
                  or clean_html(get_element_by_attribute('class', 'mod-play-tit', webpage))
                  or self._html_search_regex(r'<span[^>]+data-videochanged-title="word"[^>]*>([^<]+)</span>', webpage, 'title'))
@@ -528,11 +527,14 @@ class IqIE(InfoExtractor):
         webpack_js_url = self._proto_relative_url(self._search_regex(
             r'<script src="((?:https?)?//stc.iqiyipic.com/_next/static/chunks/webpack-\w+\.js)"', webpage, 'webpack URL'))
         webpack_js = self._download_webpage(webpack_js_url, video_id, note='Downloading webpack JS', errnote='Unable to download webpack JS')
-        webpack_map1, webpack_map2 = [self._parse_json(js_map, video_id, transform_source=js_to_json) for js_map in self._search_regex(
-            r'\(({[^}]*})\[\w+\][^\)]*\)\s*\+\s*["\']\.["\']\s*\+\s*({[^}]*})\[\w+\]\+["\']\.js', webpack_js, 'JS locations', group=(1, 2))]
-        for module_index in reversed(list(webpack_map2.keys())):
+        webpack_map = self._search_json(
+            r'["\']\s*\+\s*', webpack_js, 'JS locations', video_id,
+            contains_pattern=r'{\s*(?:\d+\s*:\s*["\'][\da-f]+["\']\s*,?\s*)+}',
+            end_pattern=r'\[\w+\]\+["\']\.js', transform_source=js_to_json)
+
+        for module_index in reversed(webpack_map):
             module_js = self._download_webpage(
-                f'https://stc.iqiyipic.com/_next/static/chunks/{webpack_map1.get(module_index, module_index)}.{webpack_map2[module_index]}.js',
+                f'https://stc.iqiyipic.com/_next/static/chunks/{module_index}.{webpack_map[module_index]}.js',
                 video_id, note=f'Downloading #{module_index} module JS', errnote='Unable to download module JS', fatal=False) or ''
             if 'vms request' in module_js:
                 self.cache.store('iq', 'player_js', module_js)
@@ -544,11 +546,11 @@ class IqIE(InfoExtractor):
                                   self._extract_vms_player_js(webpage, video_id), 'signature function')
 
     def _update_bid_tags(self, webpage, video_id):
-        extracted_bid_tags = self._parse_json(
-            self._search_regex(
-                r'arguments\[1\][^,]*,\s*function\s*\([^\)]*\)\s*{\s*"use strict";?\s*var \w=({.+}})\s*,\s*\w\s*=\s*{\s*getNewVd',
-                self._extract_vms_player_js(webpage, video_id), 'video tags', default=''),
-            video_id, transform_source=js_to_json, fatal=False)
+        extracted_bid_tags = self._search_json(
+            r'function\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\{\s*"use strict";?\s*var \w\s*=\s*',
+            self._extract_vms_player_js(webpage, video_id), 'video tags', video_id,
+            contains_pattern=r'{\s*\d+\s*:\s*\{\s*nbid\s*:.+}\s*}',
+            end_pattern=r'\s*,\s*\w\s*=\s*\{\s*getNewVd', fatal=False, transform_source=js_to_json)
         if not extracted_bid_tags:
             return
         self._BID_TAGS = {
@@ -583,13 +585,14 @@ class IqIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'langCode': self._get_cookie('lang', 'en_us'),
                     'deviceId': self._get_cookie('QC005', '')
                 }, fatal=False)
-            ut_list = traverse_obj(vip_data, ('data', 'all_vip', ..., 'vipType'), expected_type=str_or_none, default=[])
+            ut_list = traverse_obj(vip_data, ('data', 'all_vip', ..., 'vipType'), expected_type=str_or_none)
         else:
             ut_list = ['0']
 
         # bid 0 as an initial format checker
-        dash_paths = self._parse_json(PhantomJSwrapper(self).get(
-            url, html='<!DOCTYPE html>', video_id=video_id, note2='Executing signature code', jscode=self._DASH_JS % {
+        dash_paths = self._parse_json(PhantomJSwrapper(self, timeout=120_000).get(
+            url, note2='Executing signature code (this may take a couple minutes)',
+            html='<!DOCTYPE html>', video_id=video_id, jscode=self._DASH_JS % {
                 'tvid': video_info['tvId'],
                 'vid': video_info['vid'],
                 'src': traverse_obj(next_props, ('initialProps', 'pageProps', 'ptid'),
@@ -614,7 +617,7 @@ class IqIE(InfoExtractor):
             self.report_warning('This preview video is limited%s' % format_field(preview_time, None, ' to %s seconds'))
 
         # TODO: Extract audio-only formats
-        for bid in set(traverse_obj(initial_format_data, ('program', 'video', ..., 'bid'), expected_type=str_or_none, default=[])):
+        for bid in set(traverse_obj(initial_format_data, ('program', 'video', ..., 'bid'), expected_type=str_or_none)):
             dash_path = dash_paths.get(bid)
             if not dash_path:
                 self.report_warning(f'Unknown format id: {bid}. It is currently not being extracted')
@@ -625,7 +628,7 @@ class IqIE(InfoExtractor):
                 fatal=False), 'data', expected_type=dict)
 
             video_format = traverse_obj(format_data, ('program', 'video', lambda _, v: str(v['bid']) == bid),
-                                        expected_type=dict, default=[], get_all=False) or {}
+                                        expected_type=dict, get_all=False) or {}
             extracted_formats = []
             if video_format.get('m3u8Url'):
                 extracted_formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
@@ -666,9 +669,7 @@ class IqIE(InfoExtractor):
                 })
             formats.extend(extracted_formats)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        for sub_format in traverse_obj(initial_format_data, ('program', 'stl', ...), expected_type=dict, default=[]):
+        for sub_format in traverse_obj(initial_format_data, ('program', 'stl', ...), expected_type=dict):
             lang = self._LID_TAGS.get(str_or_none(sub_format.get('lid')), sub_format.get('_name'))
             subtitles.setdefault(lang, []).extend([{
                 'ext': format_ext,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/islamchannel.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/islamchannel.py
index bac852b12d..253a846b7a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/islamchannel.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/islamchannel.py
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ class IslamChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
             traverse_obj(show_stream, ('response', 'tokenization', 'url')), video_id,
             headers=headers)
         formats, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(traverse_obj(streams, ('Streams', 'Adaptive')), video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/israelnationalnews.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/israelnationalnews.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..35040f576a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/israelnationalnews.py
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import ExtractorError, traverse_obj
+
+
+class IsraelNationalNewsIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?israelnationalnews\.com/news/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/354520',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '354520'
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'jA84wQhVvg8',
+                'title': 'Even CNN Host Is Shocked by How Bad Biden\'s Approval Ratings Have Gotten | DM CLIPS | Rubin Report',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'description': 'md5:b7325a3d00c7596337dc3ae37e32d35c',
+                'channel': 'The Rubin Report',
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
+                'comment_count': int,
+                'categories': ['News & Politics'],
+                'like_count': int,
+                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/RubinReport',
+                'uploader_id': 'RubinReport',
+                'availability': 'public',
+                'view_count': int,
+                'duration': 240,
+                'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/jA84wQhVvg8/maxresdefault.webp',
+                'live_status': 'not_live',
+                'playable_in_embed': True,
+                'age_limit': 0,
+                'tags': 'count:29',
+                'channel_id': 'UCJdKr0Bgd_5saZYqLCa9mng',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJdKr0Bgd_5saZYqLCa9mng',
+                'upload_date': '20220606',
+                'uploader': 'The Rubin Report',
+            }
+        }]
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        news_article_id = self._match_id(url)
+        article_json = self._download_json(
+            f'https://www.israelnationalnews.com/Generic/NewAPI/Item?type=0&Item={news_article_id}', news_article_id)
+
+        urls = traverse_obj(article_json, ('Content2', ..., 'content', ..., 'attrs', 'src'))
+        if not urls:
+            raise ExtractorError('This article does not have any videos', expected=True)
+
+        return self.playlist_from_matches(urls, news_article_id, ie='Youtube')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/itv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/itv.py
index 26d77a4695..9ac7be3074 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/itv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/itv.py
@@ -172,7 +172,6 @@ class ITVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.append({
                     'url': href,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         info = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, default={})
         if not info:
             json_ld = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ivi.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ivi.py
index 6772fcbb96..fa5ceec95b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ivi.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ivi.py
@@ -2,11 +2,8 @@ import json
 import re
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import (
-    ExtractorError,
-    int_or_none,
-    qualities,
-)
+from ..dependencies import Cryptodome
+from ..utils import ExtractorError, int_or_none, qualities
 
 
 class IviIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -94,18 +91,8 @@ class IviIE(InfoExtractor):
         for site in (353, 183):
             content_data = (data % site).encode()
             if site == 353:
-                try:
-                    from Cryptodome.Cipher import Blowfish
-                    from Cryptodome.Hash import CMAC
-                    pycryptodome_found = True
-                except ImportError:
-                    try:
-                        from Crypto.Cipher import Blowfish
-                        from Crypto.Hash import CMAC
-                        pycryptodome_found = True
-                    except ImportError:
-                        pycryptodome_found = False
-                        continue
+                if not Cryptodome.CMAC:
+                    continue
 
                 timestamp = (self._download_json(
                     self._LIGHT_URL, video_id,
@@ -118,7 +105,8 @@ class IviIE(InfoExtractor):
 
                 query = {
                     'ts': timestamp,
-                    'sign': CMAC.new(self._LIGHT_KEY, timestamp.encode() + content_data, Blowfish).hexdigest(),
+                    'sign': Cryptodome.CMAC.new(self._LIGHT_KEY, timestamp.encode() + content_data,
+                                                Cryptodome.Blowfish).hexdigest(),
                 }
             else:
                 query = {}
@@ -138,7 +126,7 @@ class IviIE(InfoExtractor):
                     extractor_msg = 'Video %s does not exist'
                 elif site == 353:
                     continue
-                elif not pycryptodome_found:
+                elif not Cryptodome.CMAC:
                     raise ExtractorError('pycryptodomex not found. Please install', expected=True)
                 elif message:
                     extractor_msg += ': ' + message
@@ -166,7 +154,6 @@ class IviIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'quality': quality(content_format),
                 'filesize': int_or_none(f.get('size_in_bytes')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         compilation = result.get('compilation')
         episode = title if compilation else None
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ivideon.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ivideon.py
index 538a961b70..7d1e554c27 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ivideon.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ivideon.py
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ class IvideonIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'flv',
             'quality': quality(format_id),
         } for format_id in self._QUALITIES]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': server_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/iwara.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/iwara.py
index f77c5d44d2..ec3e59c6d0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/iwara.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/iwara.py
@@ -116,8 +116,6 @@ class IwaraIE(IwaraBaseIE):
                 'quality': 1 if format_id == 'Source' else 0,
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ixigua.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ixigua.py
index 163edf4801..1f086d2bdc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ixigua.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ixigua.py
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ class IxiguaIE(InfoExtractor):
         json_data = self._get_json_data(webpage, video_id)['anyVideo']['gidInformation']['packerData']['video']
 
         formats = list(self._media_selector(json_data.get('videoResource')))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': json_data.get('title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/izlesene.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/izlesene.py
index 6520ecf6d1..5cdf8709dc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/izlesene.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/izlesene.py
@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ class IzleseneIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'ext': ext,
                 'height': height,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None)
         thumbnail = video.get('posterURL') or self._proto_relative_url(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/jable.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/jable.py
index 6840654cc3..84c3225e48 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/jable.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/jable.py
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ class JableIE(InfoExtractor):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             self._search_regex(r'var\s+hlsUrl\s*=\s*\'([^\']+)', webpage, 'hls_url'), video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/jamendo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/jamendo.py
index d960ee51c8..a2bbba3979 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/jamendo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/jamendo.py
@@ -87,7 +87,6 @@ class JamendoIE(InfoExtractor):
             ('ogg1', 'ogg', 'ogg'),
             ('flac', 'flac', 'flac'),
         ))]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         urls = []
         thumbnails = []
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ class JamendoIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
-class JamendoAlbumIE(JamendoIE):
+class JamendoAlbumIE(JamendoIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?jamendo\.com/album/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.jamendo.com/album/121486/duck-on-cover',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/japandiet.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/japandiet.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c650568ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/japandiet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+import re
+
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    clean_html,
+    int_or_none,
+    join_nonempty,
+    parse_qs,
+    smuggle_url,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_call,
+    unsmuggle_url
+)
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+def _parse_japanese_date(text):
+    if not text:
+        return None
+    ERA_TABLE = {
+        '明治': 1868,
+        '大正': 1912,
+        '昭和': 1926,
+        '平成': 1989,
+        '令和': 2019,
+    }
+    ERA_RE = '|'.join(map(re.escape, ERA_TABLE.keys()))
+    mobj = re.search(rf'({ERA_RE})?(\d+)年(\d+)月(\d+)日', re.sub(r'[\s\u3000]+', '', text))
+    if not mobj:
+        return None
+    era, year, month, day = mobj.groups()
+    year, month, day = map(int, (year, month, day))
+    if era:
+        # example input: 令和5年3月34日
+        # even though each era have their end, don't check here
+        year += ERA_TABLE[era]
+    return '%04d%02d%02d' % (year, month, day)
+
+
+def _parse_japanese_duration(text):
+    mobj = re.search(r'(?:(\d+)日間?)?(?:(\d+)時間?)?(?:(\d+)分)?(?:(\d+)秒)?', re.sub(r'[\s\u3000]+', '', text or ''))
+    if not mobj:
+        return
+    days, hours, mins, secs = [int_or_none(x, default=0) for x in mobj.groups()]
+    return secs + mins * 60 + hours * 60 * 60 + days * 24 * 60 * 60
+
+
+class ShugiinItvBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _INDEX_ROOMS = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _find_rooms(cls, webpage):
+        return [{
+            '_type': 'url',
+            'id': x.group(1),
+            'title': clean_html(x.group(2)).strip(),
+            'url': smuggle_url(f'https://www.shugiintv.go.jp/jp/index.php?room_id={x.group(1)}', {'g': x.groups()}),
+            'ie_key': ShugiinItvLiveIE.ie_key(),
+        } for x in re.finditer(r'(?s)<a\s+href="[^"]+\?room_id=(room\d+)"\s*class="play_live".+?class="s12_14">(.+?)</td>', webpage)]
+
+    def _fetch_rooms(self):
+        if not self._INDEX_ROOMS:
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(
+                'https://www.shugiintv.go.jp/jp/index.php', None,
+                encoding='euc-jp', note='Downloading proceedings info')
+            ShugiinItvBaseIE._INDEX_ROOMS = self._find_rooms(webpage)
+        return self._INDEX_ROOMS
+
+
+class ShugiinItvLiveIE(ShugiinItvBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?shugiintv\.go\.jp/(?:jp|en)(?:/index\.php)?$'
+    IE_DESC = '衆議院インターネット審議中継'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.shugiintv.go.jp/jp/index.php',
+        'info_dict': {
+            '_type': 'playlist',
+            'title': 'All proceedings for today',
+        },
+        # expect at least one proceedings is running
+        'playlist_mincount': 1,
+    }]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def suitable(cls, url):
+        return super().suitable(url) and not any(x.suitable(url) for x in (ShugiinItvLiveRoomIE, ShugiinItvVodIE))
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        self.to_screen(
+            'Downloading all running proceedings. To specify one proceeding, use direct link from the website')
+        return self.playlist_result(self._fetch_rooms(), playlist_title='All proceedings for today')
+
+
+class ShugiinItvLiveRoomIE(ShugiinItvBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?shugiintv\.go\.jp/(?:jp|en)/index\.php\?room_id=(?P<id>room\d+)'
+    IE_DESC = '衆議院インターネット審議中継 (中継)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.shugiintv.go.jp/jp/index.php?room_id=room01',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'room01',
+            'title': '内閣委員会',
+        },
+        'skip': 'this runs for a time and not every day',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.shugiintv.go.jp/jp/index.php?room_id=room11',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'room11',
+            'title': '外務委員会',
+        },
+        'skip': 'this runs for a time and not every day',
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        url, smug = unsmuggle_url(url, default={})
+        if smug.get('g'):
+            room_id, title = smug['g']
+        else:
+            room_id = self._match_id(url)
+            title = traverse_obj(self._fetch_rooms(), (lambda k, v: v['id'] == room_id, 'title'), get_all=False)
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+            f'https://hlslive.shugiintv.go.jp/{room_id}/amlst:{room_id}/playlist.m3u8',
+            room_id, ext='mp4')
+
+        return {
+            'id': room_id,
+            'title': title,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'is_live': True,
+        }
+
+
+class ShugiinItvVodIE(ShugiinItvBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?shugiintv\.go\.jp/(?:jp|en)/index\.php\?ex=VL(?:\&[^=]+=[^&]*)*\&deli_id=(?P<id>\d+)'
+    IE_DESC = '衆議院インターネット審議中継 (ビデオライブラリ)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.shugiintv.go.jp/jp/index.php?ex=VL&media_type=&deli_id=53846',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '53846',
+            'title': 'ウクライナ大統領国会演説（オンライン）',
+            'release_date': '20220323',
+            'chapters': 'count:4',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.shugiintv.go.jp/en/index.php?ex=VL&media_type=&deli_id=53846',
+        'only_matching': True
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(
+            f'https://www.shugiintv.go.jp/jp/index.php?ex=VL&media_type=&deli_id={video_id}', video_id,
+            encoding='euc-jp')
+
+        m3u8_url = self._search_regex(
+            r'id="vtag_src_base_vod"\s*value="(http.+?\.m3u8)"', webpage, 'm3u8 url')
+        m3u8_url = re.sub(r'^http://', 'https://', m3u8_url)
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+            m3u8_url, video_id, ext='mp4')
+
+        title = self._html_search_regex(
+            (r'<td\s+align="left">(.+)\s*\(\d+分\)',
+             r'<TD.+?<IMG\s*src=".+?/spacer\.gif".+?height="15">(.+?)<IMG'), webpage, 'title', fatal=False)
+
+        release_date = _parse_japanese_date(self._html_search_regex(
+            r'開会日</td>\s*<td.+?/td>\s*<TD>(.+?)</TD>',
+            webpage, 'title', fatal=False))
+
+        chapters = []
+        for chp in re.finditer(r'(?i)<A\s+HREF="([^"]+?)"\s*class="play_vod">(?!<img)(.+)</[Aa]>', webpage):
+            chapters.append({
+                'title': clean_html(chp.group(2)).strip(),
+                'start_time': try_call(lambda: float(parse_qs(chp.group(1))['time'][0].strip())),
+            })
+        # NOTE: there are blanks at the first and the end of the videos,
+        # so getting/providing the video duration is not possible
+        # also, the exact end_time for the last chapter is unknown (we can get at most minutes of granularity)
+        last_tr = re.findall(r'(?s)<TR\s*class="s14_24">(.+?)</TR>', webpage)[-1]
+        if last_tr and chapters:
+            last_td = re.findall(r'<TD.+?</TD>', last_tr)[-1]
+            if last_td:
+                chapters[-1]['end_time'] = chapters[-1]['start_time'] + _parse_japanese_duration(clean_html(last_td))
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': title,
+            'release_date': release_date,
+            'chapters': chapters,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+        }
+
+
+class SangiinInstructionIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'^https?://www\.webtv\.sangiin\.go\.jp/webtv/index\.php'
+    IE_DESC = False  # this shouldn't be listed as a supported site
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        raise ExtractorError('Copy the link from the botton below the video description or player, and use the link to download. If there are no button in the frame, get the URL of the frame showing the video.', expected=True)
+
+
+class SangiinIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.webtv\.sangiin\.go\.jp/webtv/detail\.php\?sid=(?P<id>\d+)'
+    IE_DESC = '参議院インターネット審議中継 (archive)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.webtv.sangiin.go.jp/webtv/detail.php?sid=7052',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '7052',
+            'title': '2022年10月7日 本会議',
+            'description': 'md5:0a5fed523f95c88105a0b0bf1dd71489',
+            'upload_date': '20221007',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.webtv.sangiin.go.jp/webtv/detail.php?sid=7037',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '7037',
+            'title': '2022年10月3日 開会式',
+            'upload_date': '20221003',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.webtv.sangiin.go.jp/webtv/detail.php?sid=7076',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '7076',
+            'title': '2022年10月27日 法務委員会',
+            'upload_date': '20221027',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'is_live': True,
+        },
+        'skip': 'this live is turned into archive after it ends',
+    }, ]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        date = self._html_search_regex(
+            r'<dt[^>]*>\s*開会日\s*</dt>\s*<dd[^>]*>\s*(.+?)\s*</dd>', webpage,
+            'date', fatal=False)
+        upload_date = _parse_japanese_date(date)
+
+        title = self._html_search_regex(
+            r'<dt[^>]*>\s*会議名\s*</dt>\s*<dd[^>]*>\s*(.+?)\s*</dd>', webpage,
+            'date', fatal=False)
+
+        # some videos don't have the elements, so assume it's missing
+        description = self._html_search_regex(
+            r'会議の経過\s*</h3>\s*<span[^>]*>(.+?)</span>', webpage,
+            'description', default=None)
+
+        # this row appears only when it's livestream
+        is_live = bool(self._html_search_regex(
+            r'<dt[^>]*>\s*公報掲載時刻\s*</dt>\s*<dd[^>]*>\s*(.+?)\s*</dd>', webpage,
+            'is_live', default=None))
+
+        m3u8_url = self._search_regex(
+            r'var\s+videopath\s*=\s*(["\'])([^"\']+)\1', webpage,
+            'm3u8 url', group=2)
+
+        formats, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4')
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': join_nonempty(date, title, delim=' '),
+            'description': description,
+            'upload_date': upload_date,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subs,
+            'is_live': is_live,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/jixie.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/jixie.py
index 7480af0504..4830e61c1b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/jixie.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/jixie.py
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ class JixieBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'ext': 'mp4',
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'display_id': display_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/joj.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/joj.py
index 298b378232..ea46042404 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/joj.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/joj.py
@@ -23,9 +23,19 @@ class JojIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': 'a388ec4c-6019-4a4a-9312-b1bee194e932',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'NOVÉ BÝVANIE',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*?$',
             'duration': 3118,
         }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://media.joj.sk/embed/CSM0Na0l0p1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'CSM0Na0l0p1',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'height': 576,
+            'title': 'Extrémne rodiny 2 - POKRAČOVANIE (2012/04/09 21:30:00)',
+            'duration': 3937,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*?$',
+        }
     }, {
         'url': 'https://media.joj.sk/embed/9i1cxv',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -43,10 +53,10 @@ class JojIE(InfoExtractor):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
             'https://media.joj.sk/embed/%s' % video_id, video_id)
 
-        title = self._search_regex(
-            (r'videoTitle\s*:\s*(["\'])(?P<title>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
-             r'<title>(?P<title>[^<]+)'), webpage, 'title',
-            default=None, group='title') or self._og_search_title(webpage)
+        title = (self._search_json(r'videoTitle\s*:', webpage, 'title', video_id,
+                                   contains_pattern=r'["\'].+["\']', default=None)
+                 or self._html_extract_title(webpage, default=None)
+                 or self._og_search_title(webpage))
 
         bitrates = self._parse_json(
             self._search_regex(
@@ -58,11 +68,13 @@ class JojIE(InfoExtractor):
         for format_url in try_get(bitrates, lambda x: x['mp4'], list) or []:
             if isinstance(format_url, compat_str):
                 height = self._search_regex(
-                    r'(\d+)[pP]\.', format_url, 'height', default=None)
+                    r'(\d+)[pP]|(pal)\.', format_url, 'height', default=None)
+                if height == 'pal':
+                    height = 576
                 formats.append({
                     'url': format_url,
                     'format_id': format_field(height, None, '%sp'),
-                    'height': int(height),
+                    'height': int_or_none(height),
                 })
         if not formats:
             playlist = self._download_xml(
@@ -81,7 +93,6 @@ class JojIE(InfoExtractor):
                         r'(\d+)[pP]', format_id or path, 'height',
                         default=None)),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnail = self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage)
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/jwplatform.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/jwplatform.py
index d6b8420a87..c949689430 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/jwplatform.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/jwplatform.py
@@ -22,13 +22,42 @@ class JWPlatformIE(InfoExtractor):
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        # JWPlatform iframe
+        'url': 'https://www.covermagazine.co.uk/feature/2465255/business-protection-involved',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'AG26UQXM',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'upload_date': '20160719',
+            'timestamp': 1468923808,
+            'title': '2016_05_18 Cover L&G Business Protection V1 FINAL.mp4',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.jwplayer.com/v2/media/AG26UQXM/poster.jpg?width=720',
+            'description': '',
+            'duration': 294.0,
+        },
+    }, {
+        # Player url not surrounded by quotes
+        'url': 'https://www.deutsche-kinemathek.de/en/online/streaming/darling-berlin',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'R10NQdhY',
+            'title': 'Playgirl',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'upload_date': '20220624',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.jwplayer.com/v2/media/R10NQdhY/poster.jpg?width=720',
+            'timestamp': 1656064800,
+            'description': 'BRD 1966, Will Tremper',
+            'duration': 5146.0,
+        },
+        'params': {'allowed_extractors': ['generic', 'jwplatform']},
+    }]
+
     @classmethod
     def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
         for tag, key in ((r'(?:script|iframe)', 'src'), ('input', 'value')):
             # <input value=URL> is used by hyland.com
             # if we find <iframe>, dont look for <input>
             ret = re.findall(
-                r'<%s[^>]+?%s=["\']((?:https?:)?//(?:content\.jwplatform|cdn\.jwplayer)\.com/players/[a-zA-Z0-9]{8})' % (tag, key),
+                r'<%s[^>]+?%s=["\']?((?:https?:)?//(?:content\.jwplatform|cdn\.jwplayer)\.com/players/[a-zA-Z0-9]{8})' % (tag, key),
                 webpage)
             if ret:
                 return ret
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/kakao.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/kakao.py
index a5014d9317..1f0f0a5d5c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/kakao.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kakao.py
@@ -120,7 +120,6 @@ class KakaoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('filesize')),
                 'tbr': int_or_none(fmt.get('kbps')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbs = []
         for thumb in clip.get('clipChapterThumbnailList') or []:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/kaltura.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/kaltura.py
index f62c9791c5..95e2deea5b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/kaltura.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kaltura.py
@@ -15,13 +15,14 @@ from ..utils import (
     unsmuggle_url,
     smuggle_url,
     traverse_obj,
+    remove_start
 )
 
 
 class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
                 (?:
-                    kaltura:(?P<partner_id>\d+):(?P<id>[0-9a-z_]+)|
+                    kaltura:(?P<partner_id>\w+):(?P<id>\w+)(?::(?P<player_type>\w+))?|
                     https?://
                         (:?(?:www|cdnapi(?:sec)?)\.)?kaltura\.com(?::\d+)?/
                         (?:
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'thumbnail': 're:^https?://.*/thumbnail/.*',
                 'timestamp': int,
             },
+            'skip': 'The access to this service is forbidden since the specified partner is blocked'
         },
         {
             'url': 'http://www.kaltura.com/index.php/kwidget/cache_st/1300318621/wid/_269692/uiconf_id/3873291/entry_id/1_1jc2y3e4',
@@ -108,6 +110,80 @@ class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
             # unavailable source format
             'url': 'kaltura:513551:1_66x4rg7o',
             'only_matching': True,
+        },
+        {
+            # html5lib URL using kwidget player
+            'url': 'https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/html5/html5lib/v2.46/mwEmbedFrame.php/p/691292/uiconf_id/20499062/entry_id/0_c076mna6?wid=_691292&iframeembed=true&playerId=kaltura_player_1420508608&entry_id=0_c076mna6&flashvars%5BakamaiHD.loadingPolicy%5D=preInitialize&flashvars%5BakamaiHD.asyncInit%5D=true&flashvars%5BstreamerType%5D=hdnetwork',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '0_c076mna6',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'md5:4883e7acbcbf42583a2dddc97dee4855',
+                'duration': 3608,
+                'uploader_id': 'commons@swinburne.edu.au',
+                'timestamp': 1408086874,
+                'view_count': int,
+                'upload_date': '20140815',
+                'thumbnail': 'http://cfvod.kaltura.com/p/691292/sp/69129200/thumbnail/entry_id/0_c076mna6/version/100022',
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            # html5lib playlist URL using kwidget player
+            'url': 'https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/html5/html5lib/v2.89/mwEmbedFrame.php/p/2019031/uiconf_id/40436601?wid=1_4j3m32cv&iframeembed=true&playerId=kaltura_player_&flashvars[playlistAPI.kpl0Id]=1_jovey5nu&flashvars[ks]=&&flashvars[imageDefaultDuration]=30&flashvars[localizationCode]=en&flashvars[leadWithHTML5]=true&flashvars[forceMobileHTML5]=true&flashvars[nextPrevBtn.plugin]=true&flashvars[hotspots.plugin]=true&flashvars[sideBarContainer.plugin]=true&flashvars[sideBarContainer.position]=left&flashvars[sideBarContainer.clickToClose]=true&flashvars[chapters.plugin]=true&flashvars[chapters.layout]=vertical&flashvars[chapters.thumbnailRotator]=false&flashvars[streamSelector.plugin]=true&flashvars[EmbedPlayer.SpinnerTarget]=videoHolder&flashvars[dualScreen.plugin]=true&flashvars[playlistAPI.playlistUrl]=https://canvasgatechtest.kaf.kaltura.com/playlist/details/{playlistAPI.kpl0Id}/categoryid/126428551',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '1_jovey5nu',
+                'title': '00-00 Introduction'
+            },
+            'playlist': [
+                {
+                    'info_dict': {
+                        'id': '1_b1y5hlvx',
+                        'ext': 'mp4',
+                        'title': 'CS7646_00-00 Introductio_Introduction',
+                        'duration': 91,
+                        'thumbnail': 'http://cfvod.kaltura.com/p/2019031/sp/201903100/thumbnail/entry_id/1_b1y5hlvx/version/100001',
+                        'view_count': int,
+                        'timestamp': 1533154447,
+                        'upload_date': '20180801',
+                        'uploader_id': 'djoyner3',
+                    }
+                }, {
+                    'info_dict': {
+                        'id': '1_jfb7mdpn',
+                        'ext': 'mp4',
+                        'title': 'CS7646_00-00 Introductio_Three parts to the course',
+                        'duration': 63,
+                        'thumbnail': 'http://cfvod.kaltura.com/p/2019031/sp/201903100/thumbnail/entry_id/1_jfb7mdpn/version/100001',
+                        'view_count': int,
+                        'timestamp': 1533154489,
+                        'upload_date': '20180801',
+                        'uploader_id': 'djoyner3',
+                    }
+                }, {
+                    'info_dict': {
+                        'id': '1_8xflxdp7',
+                        'ext': 'mp4',
+                        'title': 'CS7646_00-00 Introductio_Textbooks',
+                        'duration': 37,
+                        'thumbnail': 'http://cfvod.kaltura.com/p/2019031/sp/201903100/thumbnail/entry_id/1_8xflxdp7/version/100001',
+                        'view_count': int,
+                        'timestamp': 1533154512,
+                        'upload_date': '20180801',
+                        'uploader_id': 'djoyner3',
+                    }
+                }, {
+                    'info_dict': {
+                        'id': '1_3hqew8kn',
+                        'ext': 'mp4',
+                        'title': 'CS7646_00-00 Introductio_Prerequisites',
+                        'duration': 49,
+                        'thumbnail': 'http://cfvod.kaltura.com/p/2019031/sp/201903100/thumbnail/entry_id/1_3hqew8kn/version/100001',
+                        'view_count': int,
+                        'timestamp': 1533154536,
+                        'upload_date': '20180801',
+                        'uploader_id': 'djoyner3',
+                    }
+                }
+            ]
         }
     ]
 
@@ -187,7 +263,14 @@ class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         return data
 
-    def _get_video_info(self, video_id, partner_id, service_url=None):
+    def _get_video_info(self, video_id, partner_id, service_url=None, player_type='html5'):
+        assert player_type in ('html5', 'kwidget')
+        if player_type == 'kwidget':
+            return self._get_video_info_kwidget(video_id, partner_id, service_url)
+
+        return self._get_video_info_html5(video_id, partner_id, service_url)
+
+    def _get_video_info_html5(self, video_id, partner_id, service_url=None):
         actions = [
             {
                 'apiVersion': '3.3.0',
@@ -200,8 +283,9 @@ class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'expiry': 86400,
                 'service': 'session',
                 'action': 'startWidgetSession',
-                'widgetId': '_%s' % partner_id,
+                'widgetId': self._build_widget_id(partner_id),
             },
+            # info
             {
                 'action': 'list',
                 'filter': {'redirectFromEntryId': video_id},
@@ -212,12 +296,14 @@ class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'fields': 'createdAt,dataUrl,duration,name,plays,thumbnailUrl,userId',
                 },
             },
+            # flavor_assets
             {
                 'action': 'getbyentryid',
                 'entryId': video_id,
                 'service': 'flavorAsset',
                 'ks': '{1:result:ks}',
             },
+            # captions
             {
                 'action': 'list',
                 'filter:entryIdEqual': video_id,
@@ -226,17 +312,85 @@ class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
             },
         ]
         return self._kaltura_api_call(
-            video_id, actions, service_url, note='Downloading video info JSON')
+            video_id, actions, service_url, note='Downloading video info JSON (Kaltura html5 player)')
+
+    def _get_video_info_kwidget(self, video_id, partner_id, service_url=None):
+        actions = [
+            {
+                'service': 'multirequest',
+                'apiVersion': '3.1',
+                'expiry': 86400,
+                'clientTag': 'kwidget:v2.89',
+                'format': 1,  # JSON, 2 = XML, 3 = PHP
+                'ignoreNull': 1,
+                'action': 'null',
+            },
+            # header
+            {
+                'expiry': 86400,
+                'service': 'session',
+                'action': 'startWidgetSession',
+                'widgetId': self._build_widget_id(partner_id),
+            },
+            # (empty)
+            {
+                'expiry': 86400,
+                'service': 'session',
+                'action': 'startwidgetsession',
+                'widgetId': self._build_widget_id(partner_id),
+                'format': 9,
+                'apiVersion': '3.1',
+                'clientTag': 'kwidget:v2.89',
+                'ignoreNull': 1,
+                'ks': '{1:result:ks}'
+            },
+            # info
+            {
+                'action': 'list',
+                'filter': {'redirectFromEntryId': video_id},
+                'service': 'baseentry',
+                'ks': '{1:result:ks}',
+                'responseProfile': {
+                    'type': 1,
+                    'fields': 'createdAt,dataUrl,duration,name,plays,thumbnailUrl,userId',
+                },
+            },
+            # flavor_assets
+            {
+                'action': 'getbyentryid',
+                'entryId': video_id,
+                'service': 'flavorAsset',
+                'ks': '{1:result:ks}',
+            },
+            # captions
+            {
+                'action': 'list',
+                'filter:entryIdEqual': video_id,
+                'service': 'caption_captionasset',
+                'ks': '{1:result:ks}',
+            },
+        ]
+        # second object (representing the second start widget session) is None
+        header, _, _info, flavor_assets, captions = self._kaltura_api_call(
+            video_id, actions, service_url, note='Downloading video info JSON (Kaltura kwidget player)')
+        info = _info['objects'][0]
+        return header, info, flavor_assets, captions
+
+    def _build_widget_id(self, partner_id):
+        return partner_id if '_' in partner_id else f'_{partner_id}'
+
+    IFRAME_PACKAGE_DATA_REGEX = r'window\.kalturaIframePackageData\s*='
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
 
         mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
-        partner_id, entry_id = mobj.group('partner_id', 'id')
-        ks = None
-        captions = None
+        partner_id, entry_id, player_type = mobj.group('partner_id', 'id', 'player_type')
+        ks, captions = None, None
+        if not player_type:
+            player_type = 'kwidget' if 'html5lib/v2' in url else 'html5'
         if partner_id and entry_id:
-            _, info, flavor_assets, captions = self._get_video_info(entry_id, partner_id, smuggled_data.get('service_url'))
+            _, info, flavor_assets, captions = self._get_video_info(entry_id, partner_id, smuggled_data.get('service_url'), player_type=player_type)
         else:
             path, query = mobj.group('path', 'query')
             if not path and not query:
@@ -248,7 +402,7 @@ class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 splitted_path = path.split('/')
                 params.update(dict((zip(splitted_path[::2], [[v] for v in splitted_path[1::2]]))))
             if 'wid' in params:
-                partner_id = params['wid'][0][1:]
+                partner_id = remove_start(params['wid'][0], '_')
             elif 'p' in params:
                 partner_id = params['p'][0]
             elif 'partner_id' in params:
@@ -257,14 +411,13 @@ class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL', expected=True)
             if 'entry_id' in params:
                 entry_id = params['entry_id'][0]
-                _, info, flavor_assets, captions = self._get_video_info(entry_id, partner_id)
+                _, info, flavor_assets, captions = self._get_video_info(entry_id, partner_id, player_type=player_type)
             elif 'uiconf_id' in params and 'flashvars[referenceId]' in params:
                 reference_id = params['flashvars[referenceId]'][0]
                 webpage = self._download_webpage(url, reference_id)
-                entry_data = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
-                    r'window\.kalturaIframePackageData\s*=\s*({.*});',
-                    webpage, 'kalturaIframePackageData'),
-                    reference_id)['entryResult']
+                entry_data = self._search_json(
+                    self.IFRAME_PACKAGE_DATA_REGEX, webpage,
+                    'kalturaIframePackageData', reference_id)['entryResult']
                 info, flavor_assets = entry_data['meta'], entry_data['contextData']['flavorAssets']
                 entry_id = info['id']
                 # Unfortunately, data returned in kalturaIframePackageData lacks
@@ -272,16 +425,29 @@ class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 # regular approach since we now know the entry_id
                 try:
                     _, info, flavor_assets, captions = self._get_video_info(
-                        entry_id, partner_id)
+                        entry_id, partner_id, player_type=player_type)
                 except ExtractorError:
                     # Regular scenario failed but we already have everything
                     # extracted apart from captions and can process at least
                     # with this
                     pass
+            elif 'uiconf_id' in params and 'flashvars[playlistAPI.kpl0Id]' in params:
+                playlist_id = params['flashvars[playlistAPI.kpl0Id]'][0]
+                webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
+                playlist_data = self._search_json(
+                    self.IFRAME_PACKAGE_DATA_REGEX, webpage,
+                    'kalturaIframePackageData', playlist_id)['playlistResult']
+                return self.playlist_from_matches(
+                    traverse_obj(playlist_data, (playlist_id, 'items', ..., 'id')),
+                    playlist_id, traverse_obj(playlist_data, (playlist_id, 'name')),
+                    ie=KalturaIE, getter=lambda x: f'kaltura:{partner_id}:{x}:{player_type}')
             else:
                 raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL', expected=True)
             ks = params.get('flashvars[ks]', [None])[0]
 
+        return self._per_video_extract(smuggled_data, entry_id, info, ks, flavor_assets, captions)
+
+    def _per_video_extract(self, smuggled_data, entry_id, info, ks, flavor_assets, captions):
         source_url = smuggled_data.get('source_url')
         if source_url:
             referrer = base64.b64encode(
@@ -352,8 +518,6 @@ class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats.extend(fmts)
             self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         if captions:
             for caption in captions.get('objects', []):
                 # Continue if caption is not ready
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/kanal2.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/kanal2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3c0efe5981
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kanal2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    join_nonempty,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unified_timestamp,
+    update_url_query,
+)
+
+
+class Kanal2IE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://kanal2\.postimees\.ee/[^?#]+\?([^#]+&)?id=(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'note': 'Test standard url (#5575)',
+        'url': 'https://kanal2.postimees.ee/pluss/video/?id=40792',
+        'md5': '7ea7b16266ec1798743777df241883dd',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '40792',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Aedniku aabits / Osa 53  (05.08.2016 20:00)',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'description': 'md5:53cabf3c5d73150d594747f727431248',
+            'upload_date': '20160805',
+            'timestamp': 1470420000,
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        playlist = self._download_json(
+            f'https://kanal2.postimees.ee/player/playlist/{video_id}',
+            video_id, query={'type': 'episodes'},
+            headers={'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'})
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': join_nonempty(*traverse_obj(playlist, ('info', ('title', 'subtitle'))), delim=' / '),
+            'description': traverse_obj(playlist, ('info', 'description')),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(playlist, ('data', 'image')),
+            'formats': self.get_formats(playlist, video_id),
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(self._search_regex(
+                r'\((\d{2}\.\d{2}\.\d{4}\s\d{2}:\d{2})\)$',
+                traverse_obj(playlist, ('info', 'subtitle')), 'timestamp', default='') + ' +0200'),
+        }
+
+    def get_formats(self, playlist, video_id):
+        path = traverse_obj(playlist, ('data', 'path'))
+        if not path:
+            raise ExtractorError('Path value not found in playlist JSON response')
+        session = self._download_json(
+            'https://sts.postimees.ee/session/register',
+            video_id, note='Creating session', errnote='Error creating session',
+            headers={
+                'X-Original-URI': path,
+                'Accept': 'application/json',
+            })
+        if session.get('reason') != 'OK' or not session.get('session'):
+            reason = session.get('reason', 'unknown error')
+            raise ExtractorError(f'Unable to obtain session: {reason}')
+
+        formats = []
+        for stream in traverse_obj(playlist, ('data', 'streams', ..., 'file')):
+            formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                update_url_query(stream, {'s': session['session']}), video_id, 'mp4'))
+
+        return formats
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/kankanews.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/kankanews.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..46e239bd6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kankanews.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import time
+import random
+import string
+import hashlib
+import urllib.parse
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class KankaNewsIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?kankanews\.com/a/\d+\-\d+\-\d+/(?P<id>\d+)\.shtml'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.kankanews.com/a/2022-11-08/00310276054.shtml?appid=1088227',
+        'md5': '05e126513c74b1258d657452a6f4eef9',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '4485057',
+            'url': 'http://mediaplay.kksmg.com/2022/11/08/h264_450k_mp4_1a388ad771e0e4cc28b0da44d245054e_ncm.mp4',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '视频｜第23个中国记者节，我们在进博切蛋糕',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg*',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        video_id = self._search_regex(r'omsid\s*=\s*"(\d+)"', webpage, 'video id')
+
+        params = {
+            'nonce': ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits, k=8)),
+            'omsid': video_id,
+            'platform': 'pc',
+            'timestamp': int(time.time()),
+            'version': '1.0',
+        }
+        params['sign'] = hashlib.md5((hashlib.md5((
+            urllib.parse.urlencode(params) + '&28c8edde3d61a0411511d3b1866f0636'
+        ).encode()).hexdigest()).encode()).hexdigest()
+
+        meta = self._download_json('https://api-app.kankanews.com/kankan/pc/getvideo',
+                                   video_id, query=params)['result']['video']
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'url': meta['videourl'],
+            'title': self._search_regex(r'g\.title\s*=\s*"([^"]+)"', webpage, 'title'),
+            'thumbnail': meta.get('titlepic'),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/keezmovies.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/keezmovies.py
index 1c2d5c01ca..b50da420cb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/keezmovies.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/keezmovies.py
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ from ..aes import aes_decrypt_text
 from ..compat import compat_urllib_parse_unquote
 from ..utils import (
     determine_ext,
-    ExtractorError,
     format_field,
     int_or_none,
     str_to_int,
@@ -103,12 +102,6 @@ class KeezMoviesIE(InfoExtractor):
                 self.raise_no_formats(
                     'Video %s is no longer available' % video_id, expected=True)
 
-        try:
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
-        except ExtractorError:
-            if fatal:
-                raise
-
         if not title:
             title = self._html_search_regex(
                 r'<h1[^>]*>([^<]+)', webpage, 'title')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/kelbyone.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/kelbyone.py
index dea056c127..2ca9ad4261 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/kelbyone.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kelbyone.py
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ class KelbyOneIE(InfoExtractor):
                     subtitles.setdefault('en', []).append({
                         'url': track['file'],
                     })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             yield {
                 'id': video_id,
                 'title': item['title'],
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/kick.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/kick.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a79ffb7a98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kick.py
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+from ..utils import (
+    HEADRequest,
+    UserNotLive,
+    float_or_none,
+    merge_dicts,
+    str_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unified_timestamp,
+    url_or_none,
+)
+
+
+class KickBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        self._request_webpage(HEADRequest('https://kick.com/'), None, 'Setting up session')
+        xsrf_token = self._get_cookies('https://kick.com/').get('XSRF-TOKEN')
+        if not xsrf_token:
+            self.write_debug('kick.com did not set XSRF-TOKEN cookie')
+        KickBaseIE._API_HEADERS = {
+            'Authorization': f'Bearer {xsrf_token.value}',
+            'X-XSRF-TOKEN': xsrf_token.value,
+        } if xsrf_token else {}
+
+    def _call_api(self, path, display_id, note='Downloading API JSON', headers={}, **kwargs):
+        return self._download_json(
+            f'https://kick.com/api/v1/{path}', display_id, note=note,
+            headers=merge_dicts(headers, self._API_HEADERS), **kwargs)
+
+
+class KickIE(KickBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?kick\.com/(?!(?:video|categories|search|auth)(?:[/?#]|$))(?P<id>[\w_]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://kick.com/yuppy',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6cde1-kickrp-joe-flemmingskick-info-heremust-knowmust-see21',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': str,
+            'description': str,
+            'channel': 'yuppy',
+            'channel_id': '33538',
+            'uploader': 'Yuppy',
+            'uploader_id': '33793',
+            'upload_date': str,
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+            'timestamp': int,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'categories': list,
+        },
+        'skip': 'livestream',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://kick.com/kmack710',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        channel = self._match_id(url)
+        response = self._call_api(f'channels/{channel}', channel)
+        if not traverse_obj(response, 'livestream', expected_type=dict):
+            raise UserNotLive(video_id=channel)
+
+        return {
+            'id': str(traverse_obj(
+                response, ('livestream', ('slug', 'id')), get_all=False, default=channel)),
+            'formats': self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                response['playback_url'], channel, 'mp4', live=True),
+            'title': traverse_obj(
+                response, ('livestream', ('session_title', 'slug')), get_all=False, default=''),
+            'description': traverse_obj(response, ('user', 'bio')),
+            'channel': channel,
+            'channel_id': str_or_none(traverse_obj(response, 'id', ('livestream', 'channel_id'))),
+            'uploader': traverse_obj(response, 'name', ('user', 'username')),
+            'uploader_id': str_or_none(traverse_obj(response, 'user_id', ('user', 'id'))),
+            'is_live': True,
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(traverse_obj(response, ('livestream', 'created_at'))),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(
+                response, ('livestream', 'thumbnail', 'url'), expected_type=url_or_none),
+            'categories': traverse_obj(response, ('recent_categories', ..., 'name')),
+        }
+
+
+class KickVODIE(KickBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?kick\.com/video/(?P<id>[\da-f]{8}-(?:[\da-f]{4}-){3}[\da-f]{12})'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://kick.com/video/54244b5e-050a-4df4-a013-b2433dafbe35',
+        'md5': '73691206a6a49db25c5aa1588e6538fc',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '54244b5e-050a-4df4-a013-b2433dafbe35',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Making 710-carBoosting. Kinda No Pixel inspired.  !guilded  - !links',
+            'description': 'md5:a0d3546bf7955d0a8252ffe0fd6f518f',
+            'channel': 'kmack710',
+            'channel_id': '16278',
+            'uploader': 'Kmack710',
+            'uploader_id': '16412',
+            'upload_date': '20221206',
+            'timestamp': 1670318289,
+            'duration': 40104.0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'categories': ['Grand Theft Auto V'],
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        response = self._call_api(f'video/{video_id}', video_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': self._extract_m3u8_formats(response['source'], video_id, 'mp4'),
+            'title': traverse_obj(
+                response, ('livestream', ('session_title', 'slug')), get_all=False, default=''),
+            'description': traverse_obj(response, ('livestream', 'channel', 'user', 'bio')),
+            'channel': traverse_obj(response, ('livestream', 'channel', 'slug')),
+            'channel_id': str_or_none(traverse_obj(response, ('livestream', 'channel', 'id'))),
+            'uploader': traverse_obj(response, ('livestream', 'channel', 'user', 'username')),
+            'uploader_id': str_or_none(traverse_obj(response, ('livestream', 'channel', 'user_id'))),
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(response.get('created_at')),
+            'duration': float_or_none(traverse_obj(response, ('livestream', 'duration')), scale=1000),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(
+                response, ('livestream', 'thumbnail'), expected_type=url_or_none),
+            'categories': traverse_obj(response, ('livestream', 'categories', ..., 'name')),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/kinja.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/kinja.py
index 3747d8eeaa..df1386fb86 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/kinja.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kinja.py
@@ -147,7 +147,6 @@ class KinjaEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
                     formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                         m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native',
                         m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             thumbnail = None
             poster = data.get('poster') or {}
@@ -195,8 +194,6 @@ class KinjaEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': fallback_rendition_url,
                 })
 
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
-
             return {
                 'id': video_id,
                 'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/kinopoisk.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/kinopoisk.py
index 84a2489a31..5db9083498 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/kinopoisk.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kinopoisk.py
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ class KinoPoiskIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             data['playlistEntity']['uri'], video_id, 'mp4',
             entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = dict_get(
             film, ('descriptscription', 'description',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/kommunetv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/kommunetv.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e21e556be3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kommunetv.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import update_url
+
+
+class KommunetvIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https://(\w+).kommunetv.no/archive/(?P<id>\w+)'
+    _TEST = {
+        'url': 'https://oslo.kommunetv.no/archive/921',
+        'md5': '5f102be308ee759be1e12b63d5da4bbc',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '921',
+            'title': 'Bystyremøte',
+            'ext': 'mp4'
+        }
+    }
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        headers = {
+            'Accept': 'application/json'
+        }
+        data = self._download_json('https://oslo.kommunetv.no/api/streams?streamType=1&id=%s' % video_id, video_id, headers=headers)
+        title = data['stream']['title']
+        file = data['playlist'][0]['playlist'][0]['file']
+        url = update_url(file, query=None, fragment=None)
+        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(url, video_id, ext='mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'title': title
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/konserthusetplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/konserthusetplay.py
index 1e177c3637..10767f1b69 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/konserthusetplay.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/konserthusetplay.py
@@ -95,8 +95,6 @@ class KonserthusetPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': fallback_url,
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         title = player_config.get('title') or media['title']
         description = player_config.get('mediaInfo', {}).get('description')
         thumbnail = media.get('image')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/koo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/koo.py
index 892d355bad..9cfec5eb95 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/koo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/koo.py
@@ -101,7 +101,6 @@ class KooIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not formats:
             self.raise_no_formats('No video/audio found at the provided url.', expected=True)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': id,
             'title': clean_html(item_json.get('title')),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/kusi.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/kusi.py
index 4fec2c2b22..a23ad8945d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/kusi.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kusi.py
@@ -71,7 +71,6 @@ class KUSIIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'width': int_or_none(quality.attrib.get('width')),
                 'vbr': float_or_none(quality.attrib.get('bitratebits'), scale=1000),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/kuwo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/kuwo.py
index 0c9518e661..cfec1c50f6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/kuwo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kuwo.py
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ class KuwoIE(KuwoBaseIE):
             lrc_content = None
 
         formats = self._get_formats(song_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         album_id = self._html_search_regex(
             r'<a[^>]+href="http://www\.kuwo\.cn/album/(\d+)/"',
@@ -339,8 +338,6 @@ class KuwoMvIE(KuwoBaseIE):
             'format_id': 'mv',
         })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': song_id,
             'title': song_name,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/la7.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/la7.py
index 5d52decdba..36bfaf5c30 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/la7.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/la7.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import re
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
-    determine_ext,
     float_or_none,
     HEADRequest,
     int_or_none,
@@ -13,13 +12,13 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 class LA7IE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'la7.it'
-    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)(https?://)?(?:
-        (?:www\.)?la7\.it/([^/]+)/(?:rivedila7|video)/|
+    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)https?://(?:
+        (?:www\.)?la7\.it/([^/]+)/(?:rivedila7|video|news)/|
         tg\.la7\.it/repliche-tgla7\?id=
     )(?P<id>.+)'''
 
     _TESTS = [{
-        # 'src' is a plain URL
+        # single quality video
         'url': 'http://www.la7.it/crozza/video/inccool8-02-10-2015-163722',
         'md5': '8b613ffc0c4bf9b9e377169fc19c214c',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -29,6 +28,20 @@ class LA7IE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': 'Benvenuti nell\'incredibile mondo della INC. COOL. 8. dove “INC.” sta per “Incorporated” “COOL” sta per “fashion” ed Eight sta per il gesto atletico',
             'thumbnail': 're:^https?://.*',
             'upload_date': '20151002',
+            'formats': 'count:4',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # multiple quality video
+        'url': 'https://www.la7.it/calcio-femminile/news/il-gol-di-lindsey-thomas-fiorentina-vs-milan-serie-a-calcio-femminile-26-11-2022-461736',
+        'md5': 'd2370e78f75e8d1238cb3a0db9a2eda3',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'il-gol-di-lindsey-thomas-fiorentina-vs-milan-serie-a-calcio-femminile-26-11-2022-461736',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Il gol di Lindsey Thomas | Fiorentina vs Milan | Serie A Calcio Femminile',
+            'description': 'Il gol di Lindsey Thomas | Fiorentina vs Milan | Serie A Calcio Femminile',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://.*',
+            'upload_date': '20221126',
+            'formats': 'count:8',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.la7.it/omnibus/rivedila7/omnibus-news-02-07-2016-189077',
@@ -39,7 +52,7 @@ class LA7IE(InfoExtractor):
     def _generate_mp4_url(self, quality, m3u8_formats):
         for f in m3u8_formats:
             if f['vcodec'] != 'none' and quality in f['url']:
-                http_url = '%s%s.mp4' % (self._HOST, quality)
+                http_url = f'{self._HOST}{quality}.mp4'
 
                 urlh = self._request_webpage(
                     HEADRequest(http_url), quality,
@@ -58,12 +71,13 @@ class LA7IE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-
-        if not url.startswith('http'):
-            url = '%s//%s' % (self.http_scheme(), url)
-
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-        video_path = self._search_regex(r'(/content/.*?).mp4', webpage, 'video_path')
+
+        if re.search(r'(?i)(drmsupport\s*:\s*true)\s*', webpage):
+            self.report_drm(video_id)
+
+        video_path = self._search_regex(
+            r'(/content/[\w/,]+?)\.mp4(?:\.csmil)?/master\.m3u8', webpage, 'video_path')
 
         formats = self._extract_mpd_formats(
             f'{self._HOST}/local/dash/,{video_path}.mp4.urlset/manifest.mpd',
@@ -78,8 +92,6 @@ class LA7IE(InfoExtractor):
             if http_f:
                 formats.append(http_f)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None),
@@ -92,8 +104,7 @@ class LA7IE(InfoExtractor):
 
 class LA7PodcastEpisodeIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'la7.it:pod:episode'
-    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)(https?://)?
-        (?:www\.)?la7\.it/[^/]+/podcast/([^/]+-)?(?P<id>\d+)'''
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?la7\.it/[^/]+/podcast/([^/]+-)?(?P<id>\d+)'
 
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.la7.it/voicetown/podcast/la-carezza-delle-memoria-di-carlo-verdone-23-03-2021-371497',
@@ -127,16 +138,16 @@ class LA7PodcastEpisodeIE(InfoExtractor):
                 webpage, 'video_id', group='vid')
 
         media_url = self._search_regex(
-            (r'src:\s*([\'"])(?P<url>.+?mp3.+?)\1',
-             r'data-podcast=([\'"])(?P<url>.+?mp3.+?)\1'),
+            (r'src\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<url>\S+?mp3.+?)\1',
+             r'data-podcast\s*=\s*([\'"])(?P<url>\S+?mp3.+?)\1'),
             webpage, 'media_url', group='url')
-        ext = determine_ext(media_url)
         formats = [{
             'url': media_url,
-            'format_id': ext,
-            'ext': ext,
+            'format_id': 'http-mp3',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'acodec': 'mp3',
+            'vcodec': 'none',
         }]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._html_search_regex(
             (r'<div class="title">(?P<title>.+?)</',
@@ -176,7 +187,7 @@ class LA7PodcastEpisodeIE(InfoExtractor):
         # and title is the same as the show_title
         # add the date to the title
         if date and not date_alt and ppn and ppn.lower() == title.lower():
-            title += ' del %s' % date
+            title = f'{title} del {date}'
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -194,9 +205,9 @@ class LA7PodcastEpisodeIE(InfoExtractor):
         return self._extract_info(webpage, video_id)
 
 
-class LA7PodcastIE(LA7PodcastEpisodeIE):
+class LA7PodcastIE(LA7PodcastEpisodeIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'la7.it:podcast'
-    _VALID_URL = r'(https?://)?(www\.)?la7\.it/(?P<id>[^/]+)/podcast/?(?:$|[#?])'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?la7\.it/(?P<id>[^/]+)/podcast/?(?:$|[#?])'
 
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.la7.it/propagandalive/podcast',
@@ -204,7 +215,7 @@ class LA7PodcastIE(LA7PodcastEpisodeIE):
             'id': 'propagandalive',
             'title': "Propaganda Live",
         },
-        'playlist_count': 10,
+        'playlist_count_min': 10,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/laola1tv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/laola1tv.py
index 4014a9256f..416dd7eb4e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/laola1tv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/laola1tv.py
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ class Laola1TvEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_akamai_formats(
             '%s?hdnea=%s' % (token_attrib['url'], token_attrib['auth']),
             video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -118,7 +117,7 @@ class Laola1TvEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
-class Laola1TvBaseIE(Laola1TvEmbedIE):
+class Laola1TvBaseIE(Laola1TvEmbedIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     def _extract_video(self, url):
         display_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/lbry.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/lbry.py
index 0e0ddbed86..b5def1e071 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lbry.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lbry.py
@@ -24,10 +24,14 @@ class LBRYBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _SUPPORTED_STREAM_TYPES = ['video', 'audio']
 
     def _call_api_proxy(self, method, display_id, params, resource):
+        headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc'}
+        token = try_get(self._get_cookies('https://odysee.com'), lambda x: x['auth_token'].value)
+        if token:
+            headers['x-lbry-auth-token'] = token
         response = self._download_json(
             'https://api.lbry.tv/api/v1/proxy',
             display_id, 'Downloading %s JSON metadata' % resource,
-            headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc'},
+            headers=headers,
             data=json.dumps({
                 'method': method,
                 'params': params,
@@ -159,6 +163,29 @@ class LBRYIE(LBRYBaseIE):
             'thumbnail': 'https://thumbnails.lbry.com/AgHSc_HzrrE',
             'license': 'Copyrighted (contact publisher)',
         }
+    }, {
+        # HLS live stream (might expire)
+        'url': 'https://odysee.com/@RT:fd/livestream_RT:d',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'fdd11cb3ab75f95efb7b3bc2d726aa13ac915b66',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+            'title': 'startswith:RT News | Livestream 24/7',
+            'description': 'md5:fe68d0056dfe79c1a6b8ce8c34d5f6fa',
+            'timestamp': int,
+            'upload_date': str,
+            'release_timestamp': int,
+            'release_date': str,
+            'tags': list,
+            'duration': None,
+            'channel': 'RT',
+            'channel_id': 'fdd11cb3ab75f95efb7b3bc2d726aa13ac915b66',
+            'channel_url': 'https://odysee.com/@RT:fdd11cb3ab75f95efb7b3bc2d726aa13ac915b66',
+            'formats': 'mincount:1',
+            'thumbnail': 'startswith:https://thumb',
+            'license': 'None',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': True}
     }, {
         'url': 'https://odysee.com/@BrodieRobertson:5/apple-is-tracking-everything-you-do-on:e',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -197,22 +224,24 @@ class LBRYIE(LBRYBaseIE):
         display_id = compat_urllib_parse_unquote(display_id)
         uri = 'lbry://' + display_id
         result = self._resolve_url(uri, display_id, 'stream')
+        headers = {'Referer': 'https://odysee.com/'}
         if result['value'].get('stream_type') in self._SUPPORTED_STREAM_TYPES:
-            claim_id, is_live, headers = result['claim_id'], False, {}
+            claim_id, is_live = result['claim_id'], False
             streaming_url = self._call_api_proxy(
                 'get', claim_id, {'uri': uri}, 'streaming url')['streaming_url']
             final_url = self._request_webpage(
-                HEADRequest(streaming_url), display_id,
+                HEADRequest(streaming_url), display_id, headers=headers,
                 note='Downloading streaming redirect url info').geturl()
         elif result.get('value_type') == 'stream':
             claim_id, is_live = result['signing_channel']['claim_id'], True
-            headers = {'referer': 'https://player.odysee.live/'}
             live_data = self._download_json(
                 'https://api.odysee.live/livestream/is_live', claim_id,
                 query={'channel_claim_id': claim_id},
                 note='Downloading livestream JSON metadata')['data']
             streaming_url = final_url = live_data.get('VideoURL')
-            if not final_url and not live_data.get('Live'):
+            # Upcoming videos may still give VideoURL
+            if not live_data.get('Live'):
+                streaming_url = final_url = None
                 self.raise_no_formats('This stream is not live', True, claim_id)
         else:
             raise UnsupportedError(url)
@@ -221,7 +250,6 @@ class LBRYIE(LBRYBaseIE):
         if determine_ext(final_url) == 'm3u8':
             info['formats'] = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                 final_url, display_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', live=is_live, headers=headers)
-            self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
         else:
             info['url'] = streaming_url
         return {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/lcp.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/lcp.py
index 87543d56f8..9846319e0c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lcp.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lcp.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from .common import InfoExtractor
 from .arkena import ArkenaIE
 
 
-class LcpPlayIE(ArkenaIE):
+class LcpPlayIE(ArkenaIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://play\.lcp\.fr/embed/(?P<id>[^/]+)/(?P<account_id>[^/]+)/[^/]+/[^/]+'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://play.lcp.fr/embed/327336/131064/darkmatter/0',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/lecture2go.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/lecture2go.py
index bee4e7587b..3a9b30a3c2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lecture2go.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lecture2go.py
@@ -49,8 +49,6 @@ class Lecture2GoIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': url,
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         creator = self._html_search_regex(
             r'<div[^>]+id="description">([^<]+)</div>', webpage, 'creator', fatal=False)
         duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_regex(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/lecturio.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/lecturio.py
index c3d0cb193b..973764c63f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lecturio.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lecturio.py
@@ -137,7 +137,6 @@ class LecturioIE(LecturioBaseIE):
                         'height': int(mobj.group(1)),
                     })
             formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         automatic_captions = {}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/leeco.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/leeco.py
index 258e396cbd..85033b8f8b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/leeco.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/leeco.py
@@ -182,7 +182,6 @@ class LeIE(InfoExtractor):
                     f['height'] = int_or_none(format_id[:-1])
 
                 formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ('res', 'quality'))
 
         publish_time = parse_iso8601(self._html_search_regex(
             r'发布时间&nbsp;([^<>]+) ', page, 'publish time', default=None),
@@ -196,6 +195,7 @@ class LeIE(InfoExtractor):
             'thumbnail': playurl['pic'],
             'description': description,
             'timestamp': publish_time,
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('res', 'quality'),
         }
 
 
@@ -356,7 +356,6 @@ class LetvCloudIE(InfoExtractor):
         media_id = uu + '_' + vu
 
         formats = self._get_formats('flash', uu, vu, media_id) + self._get_formats('html5', uu, vu, media_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': media_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/lefigaro.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/lefigaro.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9465095db4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lefigaro.py
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+import json
+import math
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    InAdvancePagedList,
+    traverse_obj,
+)
+
+
+class LeFigaroVideoEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://video\.lefigaro\.fr/embed/[^?#]+/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://video.lefigaro.fr/embed/figaro/video/les-francais-ne-veulent-ils-plus-travailler-suivez-en-direct-le-club-le-figaro-idees/',
+        'md5': 'e94de44cd80818084352fcf8de1ce82c',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'g9j7Eovo',
+            'title': 'Les Français ne veulent-ils plus travailler ? Retrouvez Le Club Le Figaro Idées',
+            'description': 'md5:862b8813148ba4bf10763a65a69dfe41',
+            'upload_date': '20230216',
+            'timestamp': 1676581615,
+            'duration': 3076,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+\.(?:jpeg|jpg)',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://video.lefigaro.fr/embed/figaro/video/intelligence-artificielle-faut-il-sen-mefier/',
+        'md5': '0b3f10332b812034b3a3eda1ef877c5f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'LeAgybyc',
+            'title': 'Intelligence artificielle : faut-il s’en méfier ?',
+            'description': 'md5:249d136e3e5934a67c8cb704f8abf4d2',
+            'upload_date': '20230124',
+            'timestamp': 1674584477,
+            'duration': 860,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+\.(?:jpeg|jpg)',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://video.lefigaro.fr/figaro/video/suivez-en-direct-le-club-le-figaro-international-avec-philippe-gelie-9/',
+        'md5': '3972ddf2d5f8b98699f191687258e2f9',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'QChnbPYA',
+            'title': 'Où en est le couple franco-allemand ? Retrouvez Le Club Le Figaro International',
+            'description': 'md5:6f47235b7e7c93b366fd8ebfa10572ac',
+            'upload_date': '20230123',
+            'timestamp': 1674503575,
+            'duration': 3153,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+\.(?:jpeg|jpg)',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://video.lefigaro.fr/figaro/video/la-philosophe-nathalie-sarthou-lajus-est-linvitee-du-figaro-live/',
+        'md5': '3ac0a0769546ee6be41ab52caea5d9a9',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'QJzqoNbf',
+            'title': 'La philosophe Nathalie Sarthou-Lajus est l’invitée du Figaro Live',
+            'description': 'md5:c586793bb72e726c83aa257f99a8c8c4',
+            'upload_date': '20230217',
+            'timestamp': 1676661986,
+            'duration': 1558,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+\.(?:jpeg|jpg)',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        player_data = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, display_id)['props']['pageProps']['pageData']['playerData']
+
+        return self.url_result(
+            f'jwplatform:{player_data["videoId"]}', title=player_data.get('title'),
+            description=player_data.get('description'), thumbnail=player_data.get('poster'))
+
+
+class LeFigaroVideoSectionIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://video\.lefigaro\.fr/figaro/(?P<id>[\w-]+)/?(?:[#?]|$)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://video.lefigaro.fr/figaro/le-club-le-figaro-idees/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'le-club-le-figaro-idees',
+            'title': 'Le Club Le Figaro Idées',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 14,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://video.lefigaro.fr/figaro/factu/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'factu',
+            'title': 'Factu',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 519,
+    }]
+
+    _PAGE_SIZE = 20
+
+    def _get_api_response(self, display_id, page_num, note=None):
+        return self._download_json(
+            'https://api-graphql.lefigaro.fr/graphql', display_id, note=note,
+            query={
+                'id': 'flive-website_UpdateListPage_1fb260f996bca2d78960805ac382544186b3225f5bedb43ad08b9b8abef79af6',
+                'variables': json.dumps({
+                    'slug': display_id,
+                    'videosLimit': self._PAGE_SIZE,
+                    'sort': 'DESC',
+                    'order': 'PUBLISHED_AT',
+                    'page': page_num,
+                }).encode(),
+            })
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        initial_response = self._get_api_response(display_id, page_num=1)['data']['playlist']
+
+        def page_func(page_num):
+            api_response = self._get_api_response(display_id, page_num + 1, note=f'Downloading page {page_num + 1}')
+
+            return [self.url_result(
+                video['embedUrl'], LeFigaroVideoEmbedIE, **traverse_obj(video, {
+                    'title': 'name',
+                    'description': 'description',
+                    'thumbnail': 'thumbnailUrl',
+                })) for video in api_response['data']['playlist']['jsonLd'][0]['itemListElement']]
+
+        entries = InAdvancePagedList(
+            page_func, math.ceil(initial_response['videoCount'] / self._PAGE_SIZE), self._PAGE_SIZE)
+
+        return self.playlist_result(entries, playlist_id=display_id, playlist_title=initial_response.get('title'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/lego.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/lego.py
index 7d0238a1f1..811b447587 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lego.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lego.py
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ class LEGOIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'width': quality[2],
                     }),
                 formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         sub_file_id = video.get('SubFileId')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/libraryofcongress.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/libraryofcongress.py
index afe3c98a11..b76ca09081 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/libraryofcongress.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/libraryofcongress.py
@@ -126,8 +126,6 @@ class LibraryOfCongressIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'filesize_approx': parse_filesize(m.group('size')),
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         duration = float_or_none(data.get('duration'))
         view_count = int_or_none(data.get('viewCount'))
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/lifenews.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/lifenews.py
index 8c7d2064d3..919cfcb374 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lifenews.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lifenews.py
@@ -223,8 +223,6 @@ class LifeEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
                 else:
                     extract_original(video_url)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         thumbnail = thumbnail or self._search_regex(
             r'"image"\s*:\s*"([^"]+)', webpage, 'thumbnail', default=None)
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/likee.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/likee.py
index b53e7a5ca7..74ee2bea9c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/likee.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/likee.py
@@ -122,7 +122,6 @@ class LikeeIE(InfoExtractor):
             'width': info.get('video_width'),
             'quality': 1,
         }]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': info.get('msgText'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/limelight.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/limelight.py
index 90065094b6..e11ec43d66 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/limelight.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/limelight.py
@@ -179,8 +179,6 @@ class LimelightBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'ext': ext,
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         subtitles = {}
         for flag in mobile_item.get('flags'):
             if flag == 'ClosedCaptions':
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/line.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/line.py
index 09c512e506..3fab9c8a5d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/line.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/line.py
@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ class LineLiveIE(LineLiveBaseIE):
             archive_status = item.get('archiveStatus')
             if archive_status != 'ARCHIVED':
                 self.raise_no_formats('this video has been ' + archive_status.lower(), expected=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         info['formats'] = formats
         return info
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/linkedin.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/linkedin.py
index 27f1080b44..2bf2e9a117 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/linkedin.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/linkedin.py
@@ -111,8 +111,6 @@ class LinkedInIE(LinkedInBaseIE):
             'tbr': float_or_none(source.get('data-bitrate'), scale=1000),
         } for source in sources]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
@@ -187,10 +185,6 @@ class LinkedInLearningIE(LinkedInLearningBaseIE):
                 streaming_url, video_slug, 'mp4',
                 'm3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
 
-        # It seems like this would be correctly handled by default
-        # However, unless someone can confirm this, the old
-        # behaviour is being kept as-is
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ('res', 'source_preference'))
         subtitles = {}
         duration = int_or_none(video_data.get('durationInSeconds'))
         transcript_lines = try_get(video_data, lambda x: x['transcript']['lines'], expected_type=list)
@@ -208,6 +202,10 @@ class LinkedInLearningIE(LinkedInLearningBaseIE):
             'timestamp': float_or_none(video_data.get('publishedOn'), 1000),
             'duration': duration,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
+            # It seems like this would be correctly handled by default
+            # However, unless someone can confirm this, the old
+            # behaviour is being kept as-is
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('res', 'source_preference')
         }
 
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/linuxacademy.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/linuxacademy.py
index bf22855a98..7bb64e17c4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/linuxacademy.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/linuxacademy.py
@@ -75,9 +75,8 @@ class LinuxAcademyIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _perform_login(self, username, password):
         def random_string():
-            return ''.join([
-                random.choice('0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-._~')
-                for _ in range(32)])
+            return ''.join(random.choices(
+                '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-._~', k=32))
 
         webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(
             self._AUTHORIZE_URL, None, 'Downloading authorize page', query={
@@ -218,7 +217,6 @@ class LinuxAcademyIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             m3u8_url, item_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
             m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         info = {
             'id': item_id,
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/liputan6.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/liputan6.py
index b5dbffe24a..c4477b93e0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/liputan6.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/liputan6.py
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class Liputan6IE(InfoExtractor):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
 
         json_data = self._search_json(
-            r'window.kmklabs.gtm\s*=\s*', webpage, 'json_data', display_id)
+            r'window.kmklabs.gtm\s*=', webpage, 'json_data', display_id)
         video_id = json_data['videos']['video_1']['video_id']
 
         return self.url_result(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/listennotes.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/listennotes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ebc9be4d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/listennotes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+import re
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    clean_html,
+    extract_attributes,
+    get_element_by_class,
+    get_element_html_by_id,
+    get_element_text_and_html_by_tag,
+    parse_duration,
+    strip_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_call,
+)
+
+
+class ListenNotesIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?listennotes\.com/podcasts/[^/]+/[^/]+-(?P<id>.+)/'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.listennotes.com/podcasts/thriving-on-overload/tim-oreilly-on-noticing-KrDgvNb_u1n/',
+        'md5': '5b91a32f841e5788fb82b72a1a8af7f7',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'KrDgvNb_u1n',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'md5:32236591a921adf17bbdbf0441b6c0e9',
+            'description': 'md5:c581ed197eeddcee55a67cdb547c8cbd',
+            'duration': 2148.0,
+            'channel': 'Thriving on Overload',
+            'channel_id': 'ed84wITivxF',
+            'episode_id': 'e1312583fa7b4e24acfbb5131050be00',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://production.listennotes.com/podcasts/thriving-on-overload-ross-dawson-1wb_KospA3P-ed84wITivxF.300x300.jpg',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.listennotes.com/podcasts/thriving-on-overload-ross-dawson-ed84wITivxF/',
+            'cast': ['Tim O’Reilly', 'Cookie Monster', 'Lao Tzu', 'Wallace Steven', 'Eric Raymond', 'Christine Peterson', 'John Maynard Keyne', 'Ross Dawson'],
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.listennotes.com/podcasts/ask-noah-show/episode-177-wireguard-with-lwEA3154JzG/',
+        'md5': '62fb4ffe7fc525632a1138bf72a5ce53',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'lwEA3154JzG',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'Episode 177: WireGuard with Jason Donenfeld',
+            'description': 'md5:24744f36456a3e95f83c1193a3458594',
+            'duration': 3861.0,
+            'channel': 'Ask Noah Show',
+            'channel_id': '4DQTzdS5-j7',
+            'episode_id': '8c8954b95e0b4859ad1eecec8bf6d3a4',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.listennotes.com/podcasts/ask-noah-show-noah-j-chelliah-4DQTzdS5-j7/',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://production.listennotes.com/podcasts/ask-noah-show-noah-j-chelliah-cfbRUw9Gs3F-4DQTzdS5-j7.300x300.jpg',
+            'cast': ['noah showlink', 'noah show', 'noah dashboard', 'jason donenfeld'],
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _clean_description(self, description):
+        return clean_html(re.sub(r'(</?(div|p)>\s*)+', '<br/><br/>', description or ''))
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        audio_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, audio_id)
+        data = self._search_json(
+            r'<script id="original-content"[^>]+\btype="application/json">', webpage, 'content', audio_id)
+        data.update(extract_attributes(get_element_html_by_id(
+            r'episode-play-button-toolbar|episode-no-play-button-toolbar', webpage, escape_value=False)))
+
+        duration, description = self._search_regex(
+            r'(?P<duration>[\d:]+)\s*-\s*(?P<description>.+)',
+            self._html_search_meta(['og:description', 'description', 'twitter:description'], webpage),
+            'description', fatal=False, group=('duration', 'description')) or (None, None)
+
+        return {
+            'id': audio_id,
+            'url': data['audio'],
+            'title': (data.get('data-title')
+                      or try_call(lambda: get_element_text_and_html_by_tag('h1', webpage)[0])
+                      or self._html_search_meta(('og:title', 'title', 'twitter:title'), webpage, 'title')),
+            'description': (self._clean_description(get_element_by_class('ln-text-p', webpage))
+                            or strip_or_none(description)),
+            'duration': parse_duration(traverse_obj(data, 'audio_length', 'data-duration') or duration),
+            'episode_id': traverse_obj(data, 'uuid', 'data-episode-uuid'),
+            **traverse_obj(data, {
+                'thumbnail': 'data-image',
+                'channel': 'data-channel-title',
+                'cast': ('nlp_entities', ..., 'name'),
+                'channel_url': 'channel_url',
+                'channel_id': 'channel_short_uuid',
+            })
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/livestream.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/livestream.py
index 70449dce59..d883eafcff 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/livestream.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/livestream.py
@@ -126,7 +126,6 @@ class LivestreamIE(InfoExtractor):
         if f4m_url:
             formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(
                 f4m_url, video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         comments = [{
             'author_id': comment.get('author_id'),
@@ -171,7 +170,6 @@ class LivestreamIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': rtsp_url,
                 'format_id': 'rtsp',
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': broadcast_id,
@@ -300,7 +298,6 @@ class LivestreamOriginalIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': 'rtsp',
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
     def _extract_folder(self, url, folder_id):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/livestreamfails.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/livestreamfails.py
index d6f626a99c..0df638422c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/livestreamfails.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/livestreamfails.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from ..utils import format_field, traverse_obj, unified_timestamp
 
 
 class LivestreamfailsIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?livestreamfails\.com/clip/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?livestreamfails\.com/(?:clip|post)/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://livestreamfails.com/clip/139200',
         'md5': '8a03aea1a46e94a05af6410337463102',
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ class LivestreamfailsIE(InfoExtractor):
             'timestamp': 1656271785,
             'upload_date': '20220626',
         }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://livestreamfails.com/post/139200',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/lnkgo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/lnkgo.py
index 9ea08ec5a6..6282d2eaf3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lnkgo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lnkgo.py
@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ class LnkGoIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             self._M3U8_TEMPL % (prefix, video_info['videoUrl'], video_info.get('secureTokenParams') or ''),
             video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -149,7 +148,6 @@ class LnkIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats.extend(fmts)
             subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': id,
             'title': video_json.get('title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/lrt.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/lrt.py
index a49fd592fa..80d4d1cdb3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lrt.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lrt.py
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ class LRTStreamIE(LRTBaseIE):
             fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(stream_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', live=True)
             formats.extend(fmts)
             subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         stream_title = self._extract_js_var(webpage, 'video_title', 'LRT')
         return {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/lumni.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/lumni.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5810da0c8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lumni.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from .francetv import FranceTVIE
+
+
+class LumniIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?lumni\.fr/video/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.lumni.fr/video/l-homme-et-son-environnement-dans-la-revolution-industrielle',
+        'md5': '960e8240c4f2c7a20854503a71e52f5e',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'd2b9a4e5-a526-495b-866c-ab72737e3645',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': "L'homme et son environnement dans la révolution industrielle - L'ère de l'homme",
+            'thumbnail': 'https://assets.webservices.francetelevisions.fr/v1/assets/images/a7/17/9f/a7179f5f-63a5-4e11-8d4d-012ab942d905.jpg',
+            'duration': 230,
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        video_id = self._html_search_regex(
+            r'<div[^>]+data-factoryid\s*=\s*["\']([^"\']+)', webpage, 'video id')
+        return self.url_result(f'francetv:{video_id}', FranceTVIE, video_id)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/lynda.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/lynda.py
index 1ae7f9d4fe..768ce913ee 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lynda.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lynda.py
@@ -157,7 +157,6 @@ class LyndaIE(LyndaBaseIE):
                         'format_id': '%s-%s' % (cdn, format_id) if cdn else format_id,
                         'height': int_or_none(format_id),
                     })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             conviva = self._download_json(
                 'https://www.lynda.com/ajax/player/conviva', video_id,
@@ -207,7 +206,6 @@ class LyndaIE(LyndaBaseIE):
                 } for format_id, video_url in prioritized_stream.items()])
 
         self._check_formats(formats, video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id)
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mailru.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mailru.py
index 5f30d0eaa8..387d211fe1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mailru.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mailru.py
@@ -160,7 +160,6 @@ class MailRuIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': height,
                 'http_headers': headers,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         meta_data = video_data['meta']
         title = remove_end(meta_data['title'], '.mp4')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mainstreaming.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mainstreaming.py
index 213a1df572..fe5589d598 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mainstreaming.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mainstreaming.py
@@ -197,8 +197,6 @@ class MainStreamingIE(InfoExtractor):
             subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(m3u8_subs, mpd_subs)
             formats.extend(m3u8_formats + mpd_formats)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/malltv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/malltv.py
index bfd6008b3a..e1031d8da4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/malltv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/malltv.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class MallTVIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www|sk)\.)?mall\.tv/(?:[^/]+/)*(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.mall.tv/18-miliard-pro-neziskovky-opravdu-jsou-sportovci-nebo-clovek-v-tisni-pijavice',
-        'md5': '1c4a37f080e1f3023103a7b43458e518',
+        'md5': 'cd69ce29176f6533b65bff69ed9a5f2a',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 't0zzt0',
             'display_id': '18-miliard-pro-neziskovky-opravdu-jsou-sportovci-nebo-clovek-v-tisni-pijavice',
@@ -25,6 +25,11 @@ class MallTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             'timestamp': 1538870400,
             'upload_date': '20181007',
             'view_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vpplayer.tech/agmipnzv/encode/vjsnigfq/thumbnails/retina.jpg',
+            'average_rating': 9.060869565217391,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
         }
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.mall.tv/kdo-to-plati/18-miliard-pro-neziskovky-opravdu-jsou-sportovci-nebo-clovek-v-tisni-pijavice',
@@ -32,6 +37,24 @@ class MallTVIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://sk.mall.tv/gejmhaus/reklamacia-nehreje-vyrobnik-tepla-alebo-spekacka',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.mall.tv/zivoty-slavnych/nadeje-vychodu-i-zapadu-jak-michail-gorbacov-zmenil-politickou-mapu-sveta-a-ziskal-za-to-nobelovu-cenu-miru',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'yx010y',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'description': 'md5:aee02bee5a8d072c6a8207b91d1905a9',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vpplayer.tech/agmipnzv/encode/vjsnjdeu/thumbnails/retina.jpg',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'display_id': 'md5:0ec2afa94d2e2b7091c019cef2a43a9b',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'duration': 752,
+            'timestamp': 1646956800,
+            'title': 'md5:fe79385daaf16d74c12c1ec4a26687af',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'upload_date': '20220311',
+            'average_rating': 9.685714285714285,
+        }
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -43,13 +66,12 @@ class MallTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         video = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
             r'videoObject\s*=\s*JSON\.parse\(JSON\.stringify\(({.+?})\)\);',
             webpage, 'video object'), display_id)
-        video_source = video['VideoSource']
+
         video_id = self._search_regex(
-            r'/([\da-z]+)/index\b', video_source, 'video id')
+            r'<input\s*id\s*=\s*player-id-name\s*[^>]+value\s*=\s*(\w+)', webpage, 'video id')
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-            video_source + '.m3u8', video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+            video['VideoSource'], video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native')
 
         subtitles = {}
         for s in (video.get('Subtitles') or {}):
@@ -69,7 +91,7 @@ class MallTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         info = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, default={})
 
         return merge_dicts({
-            'id': video_id,
+            'id': str(video_id),
             'display_id': display_id,
             'title': video.get('Title'),
             'description': clean_html(video.get('Description')),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mangomolo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mangomolo.py
index 568831aa8a..efaf66fa20 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mangomolo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mangomolo.py
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ class MangomoloBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             ], webpage, 'format url')
         formats = self._extract_wowza_formats(
             format_url, page_id, m3u8_entry_protocol, ['smil'])
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': page_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/manoto.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/manoto.py
index dc8653f5d5..2792e6e707 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/manoto.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/manoto.py
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ class ManotoTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         episode_json = self._download_json(_API_URL.format('showmodule', 'episodedetails', video_id), video_id)
         details = episode_json.get('details', {})
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(details.get('videoM3u8Url'), video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'series': details.get('showTitle'),
@@ -126,7 +125,6 @@ class ManotoTVLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
         details = json.get('details', {})
         video_url = details.get('liveUrl')
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(video_url, video_id, 'mp4', live=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': 'Manoto TV Live',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/manyvids.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/manyvids.py
index 1f537d2673..741745378b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/manyvids.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/manyvids.py
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
+import re
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
     determine_ext,
+    extract_attributes,
     int_or_none,
     str_to_int,
+    url_or_none,
     urlencode_postdata,
 )
 
@@ -17,17 +21,20 @@ class ManyVidsIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '133957',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'everthing about me (Preview)',
+            'uploader': 'ellyxxix',
             'view_count': int,
             'like_count': int,
         },
     }, {
         # full video
         'url': 'https://www.manyvids.com/Video/935718/MY-FACE-REVEAL/',
-        'md5': 'f3e8f7086409e9b470e2643edb96bdcc',
+        'md5': 'bb47bab0e0802c2a60c24ef079dfe60f',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '935718',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'MY FACE REVEAL',
+            'description': 'md5:ec5901d41808b3746fed90face161612',
+            'uploader': 'Sarah Calanthe',
             'view_count': int,
             'like_count': int,
         },
@@ -36,17 +43,50 @@ class ManyVidsIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
 
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        real_url = 'https://www.manyvids.com/video/%s/gtm.js' % (video_id, )
+        try:
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(real_url, video_id)
+        except Exception:
+            # probably useless fallback
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
-        video_url = self._search_regex(
-            r'data-(?:video-filepath|meta-video)\s*=s*(["\'])(?P<url>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
-            webpage, 'video URL', group='url')
+        info = self._search_regex(
+            r'''(<div\b[^>]*\bid\s*=\s*(['"])pageMetaDetails\2[^>]*>)''',
+            webpage, 'meta details', default='')
+        info = extract_attributes(info)
 
-        title = self._html_search_regex(
-            (r'<span[^>]+class=["\']item-title[^>]+>([^<]+)',
-             r'<h2[^>]+class=["\']h2 m-0["\'][^>]*>([^<]+)'),
-            webpage, 'title', default=None) or self._html_search_meta(
-            'twitter:title', webpage, 'title', fatal=True)
+        player = self._search_regex(
+            r'''(<div\b[^>]*\bid\s*=\s*(['"])rmpPlayerStream\2[^>]*>)''',
+            webpage, 'player details', default='')
+        player = extract_attributes(player)
+
+        video_urls_and_ids = (
+            (info.get('data-meta-video'), 'video'),
+            (player.get('data-video-transcoded'), 'transcoded'),
+            (player.get('data-video-filepath'), 'filepath'),
+            (self._og_search_video_url(webpage, secure=False, default=None), 'og_video'),
+        )
+
+        def txt_or_none(s, default=None):
+            return (s.strip() or default) if isinstance(s, str) else default
+
+        uploader = txt_or_none(info.get('data-meta-author'))
+
+        def mung_title(s):
+            if uploader:
+                s = re.sub(r'^\s*%s\s+[|-]' % (re.escape(uploader), ), '', s)
+            return txt_or_none(s)
+
+        title = (
+            mung_title(info.get('data-meta-title'))
+            or self._html_search_regex(
+                (r'<span[^>]+class=["\']item-title[^>]+>([^<]+)',
+                 r'<h2[^>]+class=["\']h2 m-0["\'][^>]*>([^<]+)'),
+                webpage, 'title', default=None)
+            or self._html_search_meta(
+                'twitter:title', webpage, 'title', fatal=True))
+
+        title = re.sub(r'\s*[|-]\s+ManyVids\s*$', '', title) or title
 
         if any(p in webpage for p in ('preview_videos', '_preview.mp4')):
             title += ' (Preview)'
@@ -59,7 +99,8 @@ class ManyVidsIE(InfoExtractor):
             # Sets some cookies
             self._download_webpage(
                 'https://www.manyvids.com/includes/ajax_repository/you_had_me_at_hello.php',
-                video_id, fatal=False, data=urlencode_postdata({
+                video_id, note='Setting format cookies', fatal=False,
+                data=urlencode_postdata({
                     'mvtoken': mv_token,
                     'vid': video_id,
                 }), headers={
@@ -67,24 +108,54 @@ class ManyVidsIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'
                 })
 
-        if determine_ext(video_url) == 'm3u8':
-            formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                video_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
-                m3u8_id='hls')
-        else:
-            formats = [{'url': video_url}]
+        formats = []
+        for v_url, fmt in video_urls_and_ids:
+            v_url = url_or_none(v_url)
+            if not v_url:
+                continue
+            if determine_ext(v_url) == 'm3u8':
+                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                    v_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
+                    m3u8_id='hls'))
+            else:
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': v_url,
+                    'format_id': fmt,
+                })
 
-        like_count = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
-            r'data-likes=["\'](\d+)', webpage, 'like count', default=None))
-        view_count = str_to_int(self._html_search_regex(
-            r'(?s)<span[^>]+class="views-wrapper"[^>]*>(.+?)</span', webpage,
-            'view count', default=None))
+        self._remove_duplicate_formats(formats)
+
+        for f in formats:
+            if f.get('height') is None:
+                f['height'] = int_or_none(
+                    self._search_regex(r'_(\d{2,3}[02468])_', f['url'], 'video height', default=None))
+            if '/preview/' in f['url']:
+                f['format_id'] = '_'.join(filter(None, (f.get('format_id'), 'preview')))
+                f['preference'] = -10
+            if 'transcoded' in f['format_id']:
+                f['preference'] = f.get('preference', -1) - 1
+
+        def get_likes():
+            likes = self._search_regex(
+                r'''(<a\b[^>]*\bdata-id\s*=\s*(['"])%s\2[^>]*>)''' % (video_id, ),
+                webpage, 'likes', default='')
+            likes = extract_attributes(likes)
+            return int_or_none(likes.get('data-likes'))
+
+        def get_views():
+            return str_to_int(self._html_search_regex(
+                r'''(?s)<span\b[^>]*\bclass\s*=["']views-wrapper\b[^>]+>.+?<span\b[^>]+>\s*(\d[\d,.]*)\s*</span>''',
+                webpage, 'view count', default=None))
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
-            'view_count': view_count,
-            'like_count': like_count,
             'formats': formats,
-            'uploader': self._html_search_regex(r'<meta[^>]+name="author"[^>]*>([^<]+)', webpage, 'uploader'),
+            'description': txt_or_none(info.get('data-meta-description')),
+            'uploader': txt_or_none(info.get('data-meta-author')),
+            'thumbnail': (
+                url_or_none(info.get('data-meta-image'))
+                or url_or_none(player.get('data-video-screenshot'))),
+            'view_count': get_views(),
+            'like_count': get_likes(),
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/massengeschmacktv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/massengeschmacktv.py
index 4508e4391a..7dacb43e02 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/massengeschmacktv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/massengeschmacktv.py
@@ -65,8 +65,6 @@ class MassengeschmackTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'vcodec': 'none' if format_id.startswith('Audio') else None,
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': episode,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/masters.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/masters.py
index d1ce07f101..716f1c9615 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/masters.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/masters.py
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ class MastersIE(InfoExtractor):
             f'https://www.masters.com/relatedcontent/rest/v2/masters_v1/en/content/masters_v1_{video_id}_en',
             video_id)
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(traverse_obj(content_resp, ('media', 'm3u8')), video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = [{'id': name, 'url': url} for name, url in traverse_obj(content_resp, ('images', 0), default={}).items()]
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/matchtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/matchtv.py
index 94ae20b26f..a67fa9fe4c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/matchtv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/matchtv.py
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ class MatchTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             })['data']['videoUrl']
         f4m_url = xpath_text(self._download_xml(video_url, video_id), './to')
         formats = self._extract_f4m_formats(f4m_url, video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': 'Матч ТВ - Прямой эфир',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mdr.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mdr.py
index b44cf809ad..49f5b49a40 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mdr.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mdr.py
@@ -162,8 +162,6 @@ class MDRIE(InfoExtractor):
 
                     formats.append(f)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         description = xpath_text(doc, './broadcast/broadcastDescription', 'description')
         timestamp = parse_iso8601(
             xpath_text(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/medaltv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/medaltv.py
index 80efcc7649..82be823b8a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/medaltv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/medaltv.py
@@ -150,8 +150,6 @@ class MedalTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'An unknown error occurred ({0}).'.format(error),
                     video_id=video_id)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         # Necessary because the id of the author is not known in advance.
         # Won't raise an issue if no profile can be found as this is optional.
         author = traverse_obj(api_response, ('pageProps', 'profile')) or {}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaklikk.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaklikk.py
index f9a449377e..46365081b7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaklikk.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaklikk.py
@@ -89,7 +89,6 @@ class MediaKlikkIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         formats = self._extract_wowza_formats(
             playlist_url, video_id, skip_protocols=['f4m', 'smil', 'dash'])
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/medialaan.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/medialaan.py
index 6daa508466..bce20dcfd7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/medialaan.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/medialaan.py
@@ -100,7 +100,6 @@ class MedialaanIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'ext': ext,
                     'url': src,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': production_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaset.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaset.py
index ebe894f740..1fa5299141 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaset.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaset.py
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ from ..utils import (
     GeoRestrictedError,
     int_or_none,
     OnDemandPagedList,
-    parse_qs,
     try_get,
     urljoin,
     update_url_query,
@@ -16,20 +15,25 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 class MediasetIE(ThePlatformBaseIE):
     _TP_TLD = 'eu'
-    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
+    _GUID_RE = r'F[0-9A-Z]{15}'
+    _VALID_URL = rf'''(?x)
                     (?:
                         mediaset:|
                         https?://
                             (?:\w+\.)+mediaset\.it/
                             (?:
                                 (?:video|on-demand|movie)/(?:[^/]+/)+[^/]+_|
-                                player/(?:v\d+/)?index\.html\?.*?\bprogramGuid=
+                                player/(?:v\d+/)?index\.html\?\S*?\bprogramGuid=
                             )
-                    )(?P<id>[0-9A-Z]{16,})
+                    )(?P<id>{_GUID_RE})
                     '''
+
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [
+        rf'<iframe[^>]+src=[\'"](?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:\w+\.)+mediaset\.it/player/(?:v\d+/)?index\.html\?\S*?programGuid={_GUID_RE})[\'"&]'
+    ]
     _TESTS = [{
         # full episode
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/video/mrwronglezionidamore/episodio-1_F310575103000102',
+        'url': 'https://mediasetinfinity.mediaset.it/video/mrwronglezionidamore/episodio-1_F310575103000102',
         'md5': 'a7e75c6384871f322adb781d3bd72c26',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'F310575103000102',
@@ -50,7 +54,7 @@ class MediasetIE(ThePlatformBaseIE):
             'chapters': [{'start_time': 0.0, 'end_time': 439.88}, {'start_time': 439.88, 'end_time': 1685.84}, {'start_time': 1685.84, 'end_time': 2682.0}],
         },
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/video/matrix/puntata-del-25-maggio_F309013801000501',
+        'url': 'https://mediasetinfinity.mediaset.it/video/matrix/puntata-del-25-maggio_F309013801000501',
         'md5': '1276f966ac423d16ba255ce867de073e',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'F309013801000501',
@@ -71,51 +75,8 @@ class MediasetIE(ThePlatformBaseIE):
             'chapters': [{'start_time': 0.0, 'end_time': 3409.08}, {'start_time': 3409.08, 'end_time': 6565.008}],
         },
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/video/cameracafe5/episodio-69-pezzo-di-luna_F303843101017801',
-        'md5': 'd1650ac9ff944f185556126a736df148',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'F303843101017801',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Episodio 69 - Pezzo di luna',
-            'description': 'md5:7c32c8ec4118b72588b9412f11353f73',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
-            'duration': 263.008,
-            'upload_date': '20200902',
-            'series': 'Camera Café 5',
-            'timestamp': 1599064700,
-            'uploader': 'Italia 1',
-            'uploader_id': 'I1',
-            'season': 'Season 5',
-            'episode': 'Episode 178',
-            'season_number': 5,
-            'episode_number': 178,
-            'chapters': [{'start_time': 0.0, 'end_time': 261.88}, {'start_time': 261.88, 'end_time': 263.008}],
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/video/cameracafe5/episodio-51-tu-chi-sei_F303843107000601',
-        'md5': '567e9ad375b7a27a0e370650f572a1e3',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'F303843107000601',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Episodio 51 - Tu chi sei?',
-            'description': 'md5:42ef006e56824cc31787a547590923f4',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
-            'duration': 367.021,
-            'upload_date': '20200902',
-            'series': 'Camera Café 5',
-            'timestamp': 1599069817,
-            'uploader': 'Italia 1',
-            'uploader_id': 'I1',
-            'season': 'Season 5',
-            'episode': 'Episode 6',
-            'season_number': 5,
-            'episode_number': 6,
-            'chapters': [{'start_time': 0.0, 'end_time': 358.68}, {'start_time': 358.68, 'end_time': 367.021}],
-        },
-    }, {
-        # movie
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/movie/selvaggi/selvaggi_F006474501000101',
-        'md5': '720440187a2ae26af8148eb9e6b901ed',
+        # DRM
+        'url': 'https://mediasetinfinity.mediaset.it/movie/selvaggi/selvaggi_F006474501000101',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'F006474501000101',
             'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -129,70 +90,69 @@ class MediasetIE(ThePlatformBaseIE):
             'uploader_id': 'B6',
             'chapters': [{'start_time': 0.0, 'end_time': 1938.56}, {'start_time': 1938.56, 'end_time': 5233.01}],
         },
+        'params': {
+            'ignore_no_formats_error': True,
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': [
+            'None of the available releases match the specified AssetType, ProtectionScheme, and/or Format preferences',
+            'Content behind paywall and DRM',
+        ],
+        'skip': True,
     }, {
-        # clip
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/video/gogglebox/un-grande-classico-della-commedia-sexy_FAFU000000661680',
+        # old domain
+        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/video/mrwronglezionidamore/episodio-1_F310575103000102',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
-        # iframe simple
+        # iframe
         'url': 'https://static3.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/player/index.html?appKey=5ad3966b1de1c4000d5cec48&programGuid=FAFU000000665924&id=665924',
         'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        # iframe twitter (from http://www.wittytv.it/se-prima-mi-fidavo-zero/)
-        'url': 'https://static3.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/player/index.html?appKey=5ad3966b1de1c4000d5cec48&programGuid=FAFU000000665104&id=665104',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        # embedUrl (from https://www.wittytv.it/amici/est-ce-que-tu-maimes-gabriele-5-dicembre-copia/)
-        'url': 'https://static3.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/player/v2/index.html?partnerId=wittytv&configId=&programGuid=FD00000000153323&autoplay=true&purl=http://www.wittytv.it/amici/est-ce-que-tu-maimes-gabriele-5-dicembre-copia/',
-        'only_matching': True,
     }, {
         'url': 'mediaset:FAFU000000665924',
         'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/video/mediasethaacuoreilfuturo/palmieri-alicudi-lisola-dei-tre-bambini-felici--un-decreto-per-alicudi-e-tutte-le-microscuole_FD00000000102295',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/video/cherryseason/anticipazioni-degli-episodi-del-23-ottobre_F306837101005C02',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/video/tg5/ambiente-onda-umana-per-salvare-il-pianeta_F309453601079D01',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/video/grandefratellovip/benedetta-una-doccia-gelata_F309344401044C135',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/movie/herculeslaleggendahainizio/hercules-la-leggenda-ha-inizio_F305927501000102',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://mediasetinfinity.mediaset.it/video/braveandbeautiful/episodio-113_F310948005000402',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://static3.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/player/v2/index.html?partnerId=wittytv&configId=&programGuid=FD00000000153323',
-        'only_matching': True,
     }]
-
-    def _extract_from_webpage(self, url, webpage):
-        def _program_guid(qs):
-            return qs.get('programGuid', [None])[0]
-
-        for mobj in re.finditer(
-                r'<iframe\b[^>]+\bsrc=(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?video\.mediaset\.it/player/playerIFrame(?:Twitter)?\.shtml.*?)\1',
-                webpage):
-            embed_url = mobj.group('url')
-            embed_qs = parse_qs(embed_url)
-            program_guid = _program_guid(embed_qs)
-            if program_guid:
-                yield self.url_result(embed_url)
-                continue
-
-            video_id = embed_qs.get('id', [None])[0]
-            if not video_id:
-                continue
-            urlh = self._request_webpage(embed_url, video_id, note='Following embed URL redirect')
-            embed_url = urlh.geturl()
-            program_guid = _program_guid(parse_qs(embed_url))
-            if program_guid:
-                yield self.url_result(embed_url)
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        # Mediaset embed
+        'url': 'http://www.tgcom24.mediaset.it/politica/serracchiani-voglio-vivere-in-una-societa-aperta-reazioni-sproporzionate-_3071354-201702a.shtml',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'FD00000000004929',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Serracchiani: "Voglio vivere in una società aperta, con tutela del patto di fiducia"',
+            'duration': 67.013,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'uploader': 'Mediaset Play',
+            'uploader_id': 'QY',
+            'upload_date': '20201005',
+            'timestamp': 1601866168,
+            'chapters': [],
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        }
+    }, {
+        # WittyTV embed
+        'url': 'https://www.wittytv.it/mauriziocostanzoshow/ultima-puntata-venerdi-25-novembre/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'F312172801000801',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Ultima puntata - Venerdì 25 novembre',
+            'description': 'Una serata all\'insegna della musica e del buonumore ma non priva di spunti di riflessione',
+            'duration': 6203.01,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'uploader': 'Canale 5',
+            'uploader_id': 'C5',
+            'upload_date': '20221126',
+            'timestamp': 1669428689,
+            'chapters': list,
+            'series': 'Maurizio Costanzo Show',
+            'season': 'Season 12',
+            'season_number': 12,
+            'episode': 'Episode 8',
+            'episode_number': 8,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        }
+    }]
 
     def _parse_smil_formats(self, smil, smil_url, video_id, namespace=None, f4m_params=None, transform_rtmp_url=None):
         for video in smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//video', namespace)):
@@ -217,7 +177,7 @@ class MediasetIE(ThePlatformBaseIE):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         guid = self._match_id(url)
-        tp_path = 'PR1GhC/media/guid/2702976343/' + guid
+        tp_path = f'PR1GhC/media/guid/2702976343/{guid}'
         info = self._extract_theplatform_metadata(tp_path, guid)
 
         formats = []
@@ -225,15 +185,17 @@ class MediasetIE(ThePlatformBaseIE):
         first_e = geo_e = None
         asset_type = 'geoNo:HD,browser,geoIT|geoNo:HD,geoIT|geoNo:SD,browser,geoIT|geoNo:SD,geoIT|geoNo|HD|SD'
         # TODO: fixup ISM+none manifest URLs
-        for f in ('MPEG4', 'M3U'):
+        for f in ('MPEG4', 'MPEG-DASH', 'M3U'):
             try:
                 tp_formats, tp_subtitles = self._extract_theplatform_smil(
-                    update_url_query('http://link.theplatform.%s/s/%s' % (self._TP_TLD, tp_path), {
+                    update_url_query(f'http://link.theplatform.{self._TP_TLD}/s/{tp_path}', {
                         'mbr': 'true',
                         'formats': f,
                         'assetTypes': asset_type,
-                    }), guid, 'Downloading %s SMIL data' % (f.split('+')[0]))
+                    }), guid, f'Downloading {f.split("+")[0]} SMIL data')
             except ExtractorError as e:
+                if e.orig_msg == 'None of the available releases match the specified AssetType, ProtectionScheme, and/or Format preferences':
+                    e.orig_msg = 'This video is DRM protected'
                 if not geo_e and isinstance(e, GeoRestrictedError):
                     geo_e = e
                 if not first_e:
@@ -247,10 +209,8 @@ class MediasetIE(ThePlatformBaseIE):
         if (first_e or geo_e) and not formats:
             raise geo_e or first_e
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         feed_data = self._download_json(
-            'https://feed.entertainment.tv.theplatform.eu/f/PR1GhC/mediaset-prod-all-programs-v2/guid/-/' + guid,
+            f'https://feed.entertainment.tv.theplatform.eu/f/PR1GhC/mediaset-prod-all-programs-v2/guid/-/{guid}',
             guid, fatal=False)
         if feed_data:
             publish_info = feed_data.get('mediasetprogram$publishInfo') or {}
@@ -286,7 +246,7 @@ class MediasetIE(ThePlatformBaseIE):
         return info
 
 
-class MediasetShowIE(MediasetIE):
+class MediasetShowIE(MediasetIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
                     (?:
                         https?://
@@ -301,23 +261,23 @@ class MediasetShowIE(MediasetIE):
                     '''
     _TESTS = [{
         # TV Show webpage (general webpage)
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/programmi-tv/leiene/leiene_SE000000000061',
+        'url': 'https://mediasetinfinity.mediaset.it/programmi-tv/leiene/leiene_SE000000000061',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '000000000061',
-            'title': 'Le Iene',
+            'title': 'Le Iene 2022/2023',
         },
-        'playlist_mincount': 7,
+        'playlist_mincount': 6,
     }, {
         # TV Show webpage (specific season)
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/programmi-tv/leiene/leiene_SE000000000061,ST000000002763',
+        'url': 'https://mediasetinfinity.mediaset.it/programmi-tv/leiene/leiene_SE000000000061,ST000000002763',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '000000002763',
-            'title': 'Le Iene',
+            'title': 'Le Iene 2021/2022',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 7,
     }, {
         # TV Show specific playlist (with multiple pages)
-        'url': 'https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it/programmi-tv/leiene/iservizi_SE000000000061,ST000000002763,sb100013375',
+        'url': 'https://mediasetinfinity.mediaset.it/programmi-tv/leiene/iservizi_SE000000000061,ST000000002763,sb100013375',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '100013375',
             'title': 'I servizi',
@@ -342,10 +302,9 @@ class MediasetShowIE(MediasetIE):
         playlist_id, st, sb = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'st', 'sb')
         if not sb:
             page = self._download_webpage(url, st or playlist_id)
-            entries = [self.url_result(urljoin('https://www.mediasetplay.mediaset.it', url))
+            entries = [self.url_result(urljoin('https://mediasetinfinity.mediaset.it', url))
                        for url in re.findall(r'href="([^<>=]+SE\d{12},ST\d{12},sb\d{9})">[^<]+<', page)]
-            title = (self._html_search_regex(r'(?s)<h1[^>]*>(.+?)</h1>', page, 'title', default=None)
-                     or self._og_search_title(page))
+            title = self._html_extract_title(page).split('|')[0].strip()
             return self.playlist_result(entries, st or playlist_id, title)
 
         entries = OnDemandPagedList(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mediasite.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mediasite.py
index 0ffd01cd29..fe549c49fb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mediasite.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mediasite.py
@@ -264,8 +264,6 @@ class MediasiteIE(InfoExtractor):
                 })
             formats.extend(stream_formats)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         # XXX: Presentation['Presenters']
         # XXX: Presentation['Transcript']
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mediastream.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mediastream.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e8d427a319
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mediastream.py
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+import re
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    remove_end,
+    str_or_none,
+    strip_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    urljoin,
+)
+
+
+class MediaStreamIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://mdstrm.com/(?:embed|live-stream)/(?P<id>\w+)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://mdstrm.com/embed/6318e3f1d1d316083ae48831',
+        'md5': '97b4f2634b8e8612cc574dfcd504df05',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6318e3f1d1d316083ae48831',
+            'title': 'Video: Así fue el despido de Thomas Tuchel del Chelsea',
+            'description': 'md5:358ce1e1396010d50a1ece1be3633c95',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+6318e3f1d1d316083ae48831',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.multimedios.com/video/costa-rica-tv-en-vivo/v2616',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5a7b1e63a8da282c34d65445',
+            'title': 're:mmtv-costarica',
+            'description': 'mmtv-costarica',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://[^?#]+5a7b1e63a8da282c34d65445',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'Livestream'
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.multimedios.com/television/clases-de-llaves-y-castigos-quien-sabe-mas',
+        'md5': 'de31f0b1ecc321fb35bf22d58734ea40',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '63731bab8ec9b308a2c9ed28',
+            'title': 'Clases de llaves y castigos ¿Quién sabe más?',
+            'description': 'md5:1b49aa1ee5a4b32fbd66104b2d629e9d',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://[^?#]+63731bab8ec9b308a2c9ed28',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.americatv.com.pe/videos/esto-es-guerra/facundo-gonzalez-sufrio-fuerte-golpe-durante-competencia-frente-hugo-garcia-eeg-noticia-139120',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '63756df1c638b008a5659dec',
+            'title': 'Facundo González sufrió fuerte golpe durante competencia frente a Hugo García en EEG',
+            'description': 'md5:9490c034264afd756eef7b2c3adee69e',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://[^?#]+63756df1c638b008a5659dec',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.americatv.com.pe/videos/al-fondo-hay-sitio/nuevas-lomas-town-bernardo-mata-se-enfrento-sujeto-luchar-amor-macarena-noticia-139083',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '637307669609130f74cd3a6e',
+            'title': 'Las Nuevas Lomas Town: Bernardo De La Mata se enfrentó a sujeto para luchar por el amor de Macarena',
+            'description': 'md5:60d71772f1e1496923539ae58aa17124',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://[^?#]+637307669609130f74cd3a6e',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
+        for mobj in re.finditer(r'<script[^>]+>[^>]*playerMdStream.mdstreamVideo\(\s*[\'"](?P<video_id>\w+)', webpage):
+            yield f'https://mdstrm.com/embed/{mobj.group("video_id")}'
+
+        yield from re.findall(
+            r'<iframe[^>]src\s*=\s*"(https://mdstrm.com/[\w-]+/\w+)', webpage)
+
+        for mobj in re.finditer(
+            r'''(?x)
+                <(?:div|ps-mediastream)[^>]+
+                class\s*=\s*"[^"]*MediaStreamVideoPlayer[^"]*"[^>]+
+                data-video-id\s*=\s*"(?P<video_id>\w+)\s*"
+                (?:\s*data-video-type\s*=\s*"(?P<video_type>[^"]+))?
+                ''', webpage):
+
+            video_type = 'live-stream' if mobj.group('video_type') == 'live' else 'embed'
+            yield f'https://mdstrm.com/{video_type}/{mobj.group("video_id")}'
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        if 'Debido a tu ubicación no puedes ver el contenido' in webpage:
+            self.raise_geo_restricted()
+
+        player_config = self._search_json(r'window.MDSTRM.OPTIONS\s*=', webpage, 'metadata', video_id)
+
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+        for video_format in player_config['src']:
+            if video_format == 'hls':
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(player_config['src'][video_format], video_id)
+                formats.extend(fmts)
+                self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+            elif video_format == 'mpd':
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(player_config['src'][video_format], video_id)
+                formats.extend(fmts)
+                self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+            else:
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': player_config['src'][video_format],
+                })
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': self._og_search_title(webpage) or player_config.get('title'),
+            'description': self._og_search_description(webpage),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'is_live': player_config.get('type') == 'live',
+            'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage),
+        }
+
+
+class WinSportsVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.winsports\.co/videos/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.winsports.co/videos/siempre-castellanos-gran-atajada-del-portero-cardenal-para-evitar-la-caida-de-su-arco-60536',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '62dc8357162c4b0821fcfb3c',
+            'display_id': 'siempre-castellanos-gran-atajada-del-portero-cardenal-para-evitar-la-caida-de-su-arco-60536',
+            'title': '¡Siempre Castellanos! Gran atajada del portero \'cardenal\' para evitar la caída de su arco',
+            'description': 'md5:eb811b2b2882bdc59431732c06b905f2',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+62dc8357162c4b0821fcfb3c',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.winsports.co/videos/observa-aqui-los-goles-del-empate-entre-tolima-y-nacional-60548',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '62dcb875ef12a5526790b552',
+            'display_id': 'observa-aqui-los-goles-del-empate-entre-tolima-y-nacional-60548',
+            'title': 'Observa aquí los goles del empate entre Tolima y Nacional',
+            'description': 'md5:b19402ba6e46558b93fd24b873eea9c9',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+62dcb875ef12a5526790b552',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.winsports.co/videos/equidad-vuelve-defender-su-arco-de-remates-de-junior',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '63fa7eca72f1741ad3a4d515',
+            'display_id': 'equidad-vuelve-defender-su-arco-de-remates-de-junior',
+            'title': '⚽ Equidad vuelve a defender su arco de remates de Junior',
+            'description': 'Remate de Sierra',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+63fa7eca72f1741ad3a4d515',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        json_ld = self._search_json_ld(webpage, display_id, expected_type='VideoObject', default={})
+        media_setting_json = self._search_json(
+            r'<script\s*[^>]+data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">', webpage, 'drupal-setting-json', display_id)
+
+        mediastream_id = traverse_obj(
+            media_setting_json, ('settings', 'mediastream_formatter', ..., 'mediastream_id', {str_or_none}),
+            get_all=False) or json_ld.get('url')
+        if not mediastream_id:
+            self.raise_no_formats('No MediaStream embed found in webpage')
+
+        return self.url_result(
+            urljoin('https://mdstrm.com/embed/', mediastream_id), MediaStreamIE, display_id, url_transparent=True,
+            display_id=display_id, video_title=strip_or_none(remove_end(json_ld.get('title'), '| Win Sports')))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaworksnz.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaworksnz.py
index 651239bd49..62e37d24a9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaworksnz.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mediaworksnz.py
@@ -90,8 +90,6 @@ class MediaWorksNZVODIE(InfoExtractor):
                 audio_format.setdefault('acodec', 'aac')
                 formats.append(audio_format)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': asset.get('title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/megatvcom.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/megatvcom.py
index 54c7b7f9fe..2f3f11f519 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/megatvcom.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/megatvcom.py
@@ -87,7 +87,6 @@ class MegaTVComIE(MegaTVComBaseIE):
             formats, subs = [{'url': source}], {}
         if player_attrs.get('subs'):
             self._merge_subtitles({'und': [{'url': player_attrs['subs']}]}, target=subs)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'display_id': display_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/meipai.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/meipai.py
index 95b6dfe52e..1a6f3cd748 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/meipai.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/meipai.py
@@ -48,9 +48,7 @@ class MeipaiIE(InfoExtractor):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
-        title = self._og_search_title(
-            webpage, default=None) or self._html_search_regex(
-            r'<title[^>]*>([^<]+)</title>', webpage, 'title')
+        title = self._generic_title('', webpage)
 
         formats = []
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/melonvod.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/melonvod.py
index 0cbc961c42..1d3fff8566 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/melonvod.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/melonvod.py
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ class MelonVODIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             stream_info['encUrl'], video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         artist_list = play_info.get('artistList')
         artist = None
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/metacafe.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/metacafe.py
index 048c74e68b..d7f5def0e0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/metacafe.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/metacafe.py
@@ -267,7 +267,6 @@ class MetacafeIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': video_url,
                 'ext': video_ext,
             }]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/metacritic.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/metacritic.py
index 543bdffadd..14410549ab 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/metacritic.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/metacritic.py
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ class MetacriticIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': rate_str,
                 'tbr': int(rate_str),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = self._html_search_regex(r'<b>Description:</b>(.*?)</p>',
                                               webpage, 'description', flags=re.DOTALL)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mgoon.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mgoon.py
index c41c513844..2388a71920 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mgoon.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mgoon.py
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ class MgoonIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'ext': fmt['format'],
 
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mgtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mgtv.py
index 37594d12d9..edc92b371f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mgtv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mgtv.py
@@ -117,7 +117,6 @@ class MGTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 },
                 'format_note': stream.get('name'),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftembed.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftembed.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f71ab3e921
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftembed.py
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import int_or_none, traverse_obj, unified_timestamp
+
+
+class MicrosoftEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?microsoft\.com/(?:[^/]+/)?videoplayer/embed/(?P<id>[a-z0-9A-Z]+)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/videoplayer/embed/RWL07e',
+        'md5': 'eb0ae9007f9b305f9acd0a03e74cb1a9',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'RWL07e',
+            'title': 'Microsoft for Public Health and Social Services',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'thumbnail': 'http://img-prod-cms-rt-microsoft-com.akamaized.net/cms/api/am/imageFileData/RWL7Ju?ver=cae5',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'timestamp': 1631658316,
+            'upload_date': '20210914'
+        }
+    }]
+    _API_URL = 'https://prod-video-cms-rt-microsoft-com.akamaized.net/vhs/api/videos/'
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        metadata = self._download_json(self._API_URL + video_id, video_id)
+
+        formats = []
+        for source_type, source in metadata['streams'].items():
+            if source_type == 'smooth_Streaming':
+                formats.extend(self._extract_ism_formats(source['url'], video_id, 'mss'))
+            elif source_type == 'apple_HTTP_Live_Streaming':
+                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(source['url'], video_id, 'mp4'))
+            elif source_type == 'mPEG_DASH':
+                formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(source['url'], video_id))
+            else:
+                formats.append({
+                    'format_id': source_type,
+                    'url': source['url'],
+                    'height': source.get('heightPixels'),
+                    'width': source.get('widthPixels'),
+                })
+
+        subtitles = {
+            lang: [{
+                'url': data.get('url'),
+                'ext': 'vtt',
+            }] for lang, data in traverse_obj(metadata, 'captions', default={}).items()
+        }
+
+        thumbnails = [{
+            'url': thumb.get('url'),
+            'width': thumb.get('width') or None,
+            'height': thumb.get('height') or None,
+        } for thumb in traverse_obj(metadata, ('snippet', 'thumbnails', ...))]
+        self._remove_duplicate_formats(thumbnails)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': traverse_obj(metadata, ('snippet', 'title')),
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(traverse_obj(metadata, ('snippet', 'activeStartDate'))),
+            'age_limit': int_or_none(traverse_obj(metadata, ('snippet', 'minimumAge'))) or 0,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftstream.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftstream.py
index 2dde82a752..9b50996b70 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftstream.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftstream.py
@@ -101,7 +101,6 @@ class MicrosoftStreamIE(InfoExtractor):
                     playlist['playbackUrl'], video_id, ism_id='mss',
                     fatal=False, headers=headers))
         formats = [merge_dicts(f, {'language': language}) for f in formats]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftvirtualacademy.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftvirtualacademy.py
index f15f00ee57..b759b1860b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftvirtualacademy.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftvirtualacademy.py
@@ -93,7 +93,6 @@ class MicrosoftVirtualAcademyIE(MicrosoftVirtualAcademyBaseIE):
                     'acodec': acodec,
                     'vcodec': vcodec,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for source in settings.findall('.//MarkerResourceSource'):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mildom.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mildom.py
index c7a61dfa0a..f64d575dcc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mildom.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mildom.py
@@ -74,8 +74,6 @@ class MildomIE(MildomBaseIE):
         for fmt in formats:
             fmt.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Referer'] = 'https://www.mildom.com/'
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': result_video_id,
             'title': self._html_search_meta('twitter:description', webpage, default=None) or traverse_obj(enterstudio, 'anchor_intro'),
@@ -166,8 +164,6 @@ class MildomVodIE(MildomBaseIE):
                 'ext': 'mp4'
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': self._html_search_meta(('og:description', 'description'), webpage, default=None) or autoplay.get('title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/minds.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/minds.py
index 85dd5fd79a..2fb17920cc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/minds.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/minds.py
@@ -92,7 +92,6 @@ class MindsIE(MindsBaseIE):
                 'height': int_or_none(source.get('size')),
                 'url': src,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         entity = video.get('entity') or entity
         owner = entity.get('ownerObj') or {}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/minoto.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/minoto.py
index e799cd3bcc..8d18179c78 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/minoto.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/minoto.py
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ class MinotoIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
                     **parse_codecs(fmt.get('codecs')),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mirrativ.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mirrativ.py
index 8192f2b467..0a8ee0c3a5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mirrativ.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mirrativ.py
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ class MirrativIE(MirrativBaseIE):
             hls_url, video_id,
             ext='mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
             m3u8_id='hls', live=is_live)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py
index 12b2b2432d..ea29986729 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class MiTeleIE(TelecincoIE):
+class MiTeleIE(TelecincoIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_DESC = 'mitele.es'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?mitele\.es/(?:[^/]+/)+(?P<id>[^/]+)/player'
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mixch.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mixch.py
index 3f430a7176..4be6947289 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mixch.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mixch.py
@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import (
-    ExtractorError,
-    traverse_obj,
-)
+from ..utils import UserNotLive, traverse_obj
 
 
 class MixchIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -33,7 +30,7 @@ class MixchIE(InfoExtractor):
         initial_js_state = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
             r'(?m)^\s*window\.__INITIAL_JS_STATE__\s*=\s*(\{.+?\});\s*$', webpage, 'initial JS state'), video_id)
         if not initial_js_state.get('liveInfo'):
-            raise ExtractorError('Livestream has ended.', expected=True)
+            raise UserNotLive(video_id=video_id)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -45,7 +42,8 @@ class MixchIE(InfoExtractor):
             'uploader_id': video_id,
             'formats': [{
                 'format_id': 'hls',
-                'url': traverse_obj(initial_js_state, ('liveInfo', 'hls')) or 'https://d1hd0ww6piyb43.cloudfront.net/hls/torte_%s.m3u8' % video_id,
+                'url': (traverse_obj(initial_js_state, ('liveInfo', 'hls'))
+                        or f'https://d1hd0ww6piyb43.cloudfront.net/hls/torte_{video_id}.m3u8'),
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'protocol': 'm3u8',
             }],
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mixcloud.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mixcloud.py
index becc56a2b9..fb5a08ca28 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mixcloud.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mixcloud.py
@@ -169,8 +169,6 @@ class MixcloudIE(MixcloudBaseIE):
         if not formats and cloudcast.get('isExclusive'):
             self.raise_login_required(metadata_available=True)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         comments = []
         for edge in (try_get(cloudcast, lambda x: x['comments']['edges']) or []):
             node = edge.get('node') or {}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mlb.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mlb.py
index 5e1b281053..72057dc97a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mlb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mlb.py
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ class MLBBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'width': int(mobj.group(1)),
                     })
                 formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for cut in (try_get(feed, lambda x: x['image']['cuts'], list) or []):
@@ -339,7 +338,6 @@ class MLBTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats.extend(f)
             self._merge_subtitles(s, target=subtitles)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': traverse_obj(airings, (..., 'titles', 0, 'episodeName'), get_all=False),
@@ -348,3 +346,36 @@ class MLBTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             'subtitles': subtitles,
             'http_headers': {'Authorization': f'Bearer {self._access_token}'},
         }
+
+
+class MLBArticleIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.mlb\.com/news/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.mlb.com/news/manny-machado-robs-guillermo-heredia-reacts',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '36db7394-343c-4ea3-b8ca-ead2e61bca9a',
+            'title': 'Machado\'s grab draws hilarious irate reaction',
+            'modified_timestamp': 1650130737,
+            'description': 'md5:a19d4eb0487b2cb304e9a176f6b67676',
+            'modified_date': '20220416',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 2,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        apollo_cache_json = self._search_json(r'window\.initState\s*=', webpage, 'window.initState', display_id)['apolloCache']
+
+        content_data_id = traverse_obj(
+            apollo_cache_json, ('ROOT_QUERY', lambda k, _: k.startswith('getForgeContent'), 'id'), get_all=False)
+
+        content_real_info = apollo_cache_json[content_data_id]
+
+        return self.playlist_from_matches(
+            traverse_obj(content_real_info, ('parts', lambda _, v: v['typename'] == 'Video', 'id')),
+            getter=lambda x: f'https://www.mlb.com/video/{apollo_cache_json[x]["slug"]}',
+            ie=MLBVideoIE, playlist_id=content_real_info.get('_translationId'),
+            title=self._html_search_meta('og:title', webpage),
+            description=content_real_info.get('summary'),
+            modified_timestamp=parse_iso8601(content_real_info.get('lastUpdatedDate')))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mnet.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mnet.py
index 65e3d476a9..98bab2e100 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mnet.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mnet.py
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ class MnetIE(InfoExtractor):
             m3u8_url += '?' + token
         formats = self._extract_wowza_formats(
             m3u8_url, video_id, skip_protocols=['rtmp', 'rtsp', 'f4m'])
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = info.get('ment')
         duration = parse_duration(info.get('time'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mocha.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mocha.py
index 27d2d9c2cf..5f72b810bb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mocha.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mocha.py
@@ -42,8 +42,6 @@ class MochaVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.extend(fmts)
                 self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'display_id': json_data.get('slug') or video_slug,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mofosex.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mofosex.py
index 4221ef3e36..9cb6980c1c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mofosex.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mofosex.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 from .keezmovies import KeezMoviesIE
 
 
-class MofosexIE(KeezMoviesIE):
+class MofosexIE(KeezMoviesIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?mofosex\.com/videos/(?P<id>\d+)/(?P<display_id>[^/?#&.]+)\.html'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://www.mofosex.com/videos/318131/amateur-teen-playing-and-masturbating-318131.html',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/motherless.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/motherless.py
index 9e53a8a97d..c24ef9b0d1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/motherless.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/motherless.py
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class MotherlessIE(InfoExtractor):
             'title': 'a/ Hot Teens',
             'categories': list,
             'upload_date': '20210104',
-            'uploader_id': 'yonbiw',
+            'uploader_id': 'anonymous',
             'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.jpg',
             'age_limit': 18,
         },
@@ -123,11 +123,12 @@ class MotherlessIE(InfoExtractor):
                 kwargs = {_AGO_UNITS.get(uploaded_ago[-1]): delta}
                 upload_date = (datetime.datetime.utcnow() - datetime.timedelta(**kwargs)).strftime('%Y%m%d')
 
-        comment_count = webpage.count('class="media-comment-contents"')
+        comment_count = len(re.findall(r'''class\s*=\s*['"]media-comment-contents\b''', webpage))
         uploader_id = self._html_search_regex(
-            (r'"media-meta-member">\s+<a href="/m/([^"]+)"',
-             r'<span\b[^>]+\bclass="username">([^<]+)</span>'),
+            (r'''<span\b[^>]+\bclass\s*=\s*["']username\b[^>]*>([^<]+)</span>''',
+             r'''(?s)['"](?:media-meta-member|thumb-member-username)\b[^>]+>\s*<a\b[^>]+\bhref\s*=\s*['"]/m/([^"']+)'''),
             webpage, 'uploader_id', fatal=False)
+
         categories = self._html_search_meta('keywords', webpage, default=None)
         if categories:
             categories = [cat.strip() for cat in categories.split(',')]
@@ -217,23 +218,23 @@ class MotherlessGroupIE(InfoExtractor):
             r'<title>([\w\s]+\w)\s+-', webpage, 'title', fatal=False)
         description = self._html_search_meta(
             'description', webpage, fatal=False)
-        page_count = self._int(self._search_regex(
-            r'(\d+)</(?:a|span)><(?:a|span)[^>]+rel="next">',
-            webpage, 'page_count', default=0), 'page_count')
+        page_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
+            r'(\d+)\s*</(?:a|span)>\s*<(?:a|span)[^>]+(?:>\s*NEXT|\brel\s*=\s*["\']?next)\b',
+            webpage, 'page_count', default=0))
         if not page_count:
             message = self._search_regex(
-                r'class="error-page"[^>]*>\s*<p[^>]*>\s*(?P<error_msg>[^<]+)(?<=\S)\s*',
+                r'''class\s*=\s*['"]error-page\b[^>]*>\s*<p[^>]*>\s*(?P<error_msg>[^<]+)(?<=\S)\s*''',
                 webpage, 'error_msg', default=None) or 'This group has no videos.'
             self.report_warning(message, group_id)
+            page_count = 1
         PAGE_SIZE = 80
 
         def _get_page(idx):
-            if not page_count:
-                return
-            webpage = self._download_webpage(
-                page_url, group_id, query={'page': idx + 1},
-                note='Downloading page %d/%d' % (idx + 1, page_count)
-            )
+            if idx > 0:
+                webpage = self._download_webpage(
+                    page_url, group_id, query={'page': idx + 1},
+                    note='Downloading page %d/%d' % (idx + 1, page_count)
+                )
             for entry in self._extract_entries(webpage, url):
                 yield entry
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/moviepilot.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/moviepilot.py
index ca541567a4..668c0984eb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/moviepilot.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/moviepilot.py
@@ -1,11 +1,5 @@
 from .dailymotion import DailymotionIE
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import (
-    parse_iso8601,
-    try_get,
-)
-
-import re
 
 
 class MoviepilotIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -16,21 +10,21 @@ class MoviepilotIE(InfoExtractor):
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.moviepilot.de/movies/interstellar-2/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'x7xdut5',
+            'id': 'x7xdpkk',
             'display_id': 'interstellar-2',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Interstellar',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.dmcdn\.net/v/SaXev1VvzitVZMFsR/x720',
-            'timestamp': 1400491705,
-            'description': 'md5:7dfc5c1758e7322a7346934f1f0c489c',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.dmcdn\.net/v/SaV-q1ZganMw4HVXg/x1080',
+            'timestamp': 1605010596,
+            'description': 'md5:0ae9cb452af52610c9ffc60f2fd0474c',
             'uploader': 'Moviepilot',
             'like_count': int,
             'view_count': int,
             'uploader_id': 'x6nd9k',
-            'upload_date': '20140519',
-            'duration': 140,
+            'upload_date': '20201110',
+            'duration': 97,
             'age_limit': 0,
-            'tags': ['Alle Trailer', 'Movie', 'Third Party'],
+            'tags': ['Alle Trailer', 'Movie', 'Verleih'],
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.moviepilot.de/movies/interstellar-2/trailer',
@@ -45,14 +39,14 @@ class MoviepilotIE(InfoExtractor):
             'display_id': 'queen-slim',
             'title': 'Queen & Slim',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.dmcdn\.net/v/SbUM71WtomSjVmI_q/x720',
-            'timestamp': 1571838685,
-            'description': 'md5:73058bcd030aa12d991e4280d65fbebe',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.dmcdn\.net/v/SbUM71ZeG2N975lf2/x1080',
+            'timestamp': 1605555825,
+            'description': 'md5:83228bb86f5367dd181447fdc4873989',
             'uploader': 'Moviepilot',
             'like_count': int,
             'view_count': int,
             'uploader_id': 'x6nd9k',
-            'upload_date': '20191023',
+            'upload_date': '20201116',
             'duration': 138,
             'age_limit': 0,
             'tags': ['Movie', 'Verleih', 'Neue Trailer'],
@@ -72,12 +66,12 @@ class MoviepilotIE(InfoExtractor):
             'display_id': 'muellers-buero',
             'title': 'Müllers Büro',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'description': 'md5:57501251c05cdc61ca314b7633e0312e',
-            'timestamp': 1287584475,
+            'description': 'md5:4d23a8f4ca035196cd4523863c4fe5a4',
+            'timestamp': 1604958457,
             'age_limit': 0,
             'duration': 82,
-            'upload_date': '20101020',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.dmcdn\.net/v/SaMes1WfAm1d6maq_/x720',
+            'upload_date': '20201109',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.dmcdn\.net/v/SaMes1Zg3lxLv9j5u/x1080',
             'uploader': 'Moviepilot',
             'like_count': int,
             'view_count': int,
@@ -91,22 +85,13 @@ class MoviepilotIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(f'https://www.moviepilot.de/movies/{video_id}/trailer', video_id)
 
-        duration = try_get(
-            re.match(r'P(?P<hours>\d+)H(?P<mins>\d+)M(?P<secs>\d+)S',
-                     self._html_search_meta('duration', webpage, fatal=False) or ''),
-            lambda mobj: sum(float(x) * y for x, y in zip(mobj.groups(), (3600, 60, 1))))
-        # _html_search_meta is not used since we don't want name=description to match
-        description = self._html_search_regex(
-            '<meta[^>]+itemprop="description"[^>]+content="([^>"]+)"', webpage, 'description', fatal=False)
+        clip = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, video_id)['props']['initialProps']['pageProps']
 
         return {
             '_type': 'url_transparent',
             'ie_key': DailymotionIE.ie_key(),
             'display_id': video_id,
-            'title': self._og_search_title(webpage),
-            'url': self._html_search_meta('embedURL', webpage),
-            'thumbnail': self._html_search_meta('thumbnailURL', webpage),
-            'description': description,
-            'duration': duration,
-            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(self._html_search_meta('uploadDate', webpage), delimiter=' ')
+            'title': clip.get('title'),
+            'url': f'https://www.dailymotion.com/video/{clip["videoRemoteId"]}',
+            'description': clip.get('summary'),
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/moviezine.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/moviezine.py
index 5757322d66..cffcdcfb56 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/moviezine.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/moviezine.py
@@ -29,8 +29,6 @@ class MoviezineIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'mp4',
         }]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': self._search_regex(r'title: "(.+?)",', jsplayer, 'title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/msn.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/msn.py
index 6f4935e513..f91c53eba1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/msn.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/msn.py
@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@ class MSNIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'vbr': int_or_none(self._search_regex(r'_(\d+)\.mp4', format_url, 'vbr', default=None)),
                         'quality': 1 if format_id == '1001' else None,
                     })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             subtitles = {}
             for file_ in video.get('files', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mtv.py
index 10cd304eb0..d91be62700 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mtv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mtv.py
@@ -102,8 +102,6 @@ class MTVServicesInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
                     }])
                 except (KeyError, TypeError):
                     raise ExtractorError('Invalid rendition field.')
-        if formats:
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
     def _extract_subtitles(self, mdoc, mtvn_id):
@@ -202,8 +200,6 @@ class MTVServicesInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         if not formats:
             return None
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'title': title,
             'formats': formats,
@@ -536,7 +532,7 @@ class MTVItaliaIE(MTVServicesInfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
-class MTVItaliaProgrammaIE(MTVItaliaIE):
+class MTVItaliaProgrammaIE(MTVItaliaIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'mtv.it:programma'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?mtv\.it/(?:programmi|playlist)/(?P<id>[0-9a-z]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/muenchentv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/muenchentv.py
index b9681d1bd7..36a2d4688e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/muenchentv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/muenchentv.py
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ class MuenchenTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': format_id,
                 'preference': -100 if '.smil' in s['file'] else 0,  # Strictly inferior than all other formats?
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/murrtube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/murrtube.py
index 508d512479..6cdbbda168 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/murrtube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/murrtube.py
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ query Medium($id: ID!) {
         }
 
 
-class MurrtubeUserIE(MurrtubeIE):
+class MurrtubeUserIE(MurrtubeIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_DESC = 'Murrtube user profile'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://murrtube\.net/(?P<id>[^/]+)$'
     _TEST = {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/musicdex.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/musicdex.py
index 4d8e74f6b4..48f29702cf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/musicdex.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/musicdex.py
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class MusicdexAlbumIE(MusicdexBaseIE):
         }
 
 
-class MusicdexPageIE(MusicdexBaseIE):
+class MusicdexPageIE(MusicdexBaseIE):  # XXX: Conventionally, base classes should end with BaseIE/InfoExtractor
     def _entries(self, id):
         next_page_url = self._API_URL % id
         while next_page_url:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mwave.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mwave.py
index 0cbb167362..efbfd9d430 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mwave.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mwave.py
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ class MwaveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 continue
             formats.extend(
                 self._extract_f4m_formats(f4m_url + '&hdcore=3.0.3', video_id, f4m_id=stream_name))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mxplayer.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mxplayer.py
index cdc340a80f..1fdb08edfe 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mxplayer.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mxplayer.py
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import compat_str
-from ..utils import try_get
+from ..utils import (
+    int_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_get,
+    urljoin,
+)
 
 
 class MxplayerIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -9,6 +14,7 @@ class MxplayerIE(InfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://www.mxplayer.in/show/watch-my-girlfriend-is-an-alien-hindi-dubbed/season-1/episode-1-online-9d2013d31d5835bb8400e3b3c5e7bb72',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '9d2013d31d5835bb8400e3b3c5e7bb72',
+            'display_id': 'episode-1-online',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Episode 1',
             'description': 'md5:62ed43eb9fec5efde5cf3bd1040b7670',
@@ -17,7 +23,6 @@ class MxplayerIE(InfoExtractor):
             'duration': 2451,
             'season': 'Season 1',
             'series': 'My Girlfriend Is An Alien (Hindi Dubbed)',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://qqcdnpictest.mxplay.com/pic/9d2013d31d5835bb8400e3b3c5e7bb72/en/16x9/320x180/9562f5f8df42cad09c9a9c4e69eb1567_1920x1080.webp',
             'episode': 'Episode 1'
         },
         'params': {
@@ -28,21 +33,17 @@ class MxplayerIE(InfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://www.mxplayer.in/movie/watch-knock-knock-hindi-dubbed-movie-online-b9fa28df3bfb8758874735bbd7d2655a?watch=true',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'b9fa28df3bfb8758874735bbd7d2655a',
+            'display_id': 'episode-1-online',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Knock Knock (Hindi Dubbed)',
-            'description': 'md5:b195ba93ff1987309cfa58e2839d2a5b',
-            'season_number': 0,
-            'episode_number': 0,
+            'description': 'md5:4160f2dfc3b87c524261366f6b736329',
             'duration': 5970,
-            'season': 'Season 0',
-            'series': None,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://qqcdnpictest.mxplay.com/pic/b9fa28df3bfb8758874735bbd7d2655a/en/16x9/320x180/test_pic1588676032011.webp',
-            'episode': 'Episode 0'
         },
         'params': {
             'format': 'bv',
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+        'skip': 'No longer available',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.mxplayer.in/show/watch-shaitaan/season-1/the-infamous-taxi-gang-of-meerut-online-45055d5bcff169ad48f2ad7552a83d6c',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -55,26 +56,26 @@ class MxplayerIE(InfoExtractor):
             'duration': 2332,
             'season': 'Season 1',
             'series': 'Shaitaan',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://qqcdnpictest.mxplay.com/pic/45055d5bcff169ad48f2ad7552a83d6c/en/16x9/320x180/voot_8e7d5f8d8183340869279c732c1e3a43.webp',
             'episode': 'Episode 1'
         },
         'params': {
             'format': 'best',
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+        'skip': 'No longer available.'
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.mxplayer.in/show/watch-aashram/chapter-1/duh-swapna-online-d445579792b0135598ba1bc9088a84cb',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'd445579792b0135598ba1bc9088a84cb',
+            'display_id': 'duh-swapna-online',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Duh Swapna',
             'description': 'md5:35ff39c4bdac403c53be1e16a04192d8',
             'season_number': 1,
             'episode_number': 3,
             'duration': 2568,
-            'season': 'Chapter 1',
+            'season': 'Season 1',
             'series': 'Aashram',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://qqcdnpictest.mxplay.com/pic/d445579792b0135598ba1bc9088a84cb/en/4x3/1600x1200/test_pic1624819307993.webp',
             'episode': 'Episode 3'
         },
         'params': {
@@ -85,6 +86,7 @@ class MxplayerIE(InfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://www.mxplayer.in/show/watch-dangerous/season-1/chapter-1-online-5a351b4f9fb69436f6bd6ae3a1a75292',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '5a351b4f9fb69436f6bd6ae3a1a75292',
+            'display_id': 'chapter-1-online',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Chapter 1',
             'description': 'md5:233886b8598bc91648ac098abe1d288f',
@@ -93,7 +95,6 @@ class MxplayerIE(InfoExtractor):
             'duration': 1305,
             'season': 'Season 1',
             'series': 'Dangerous',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://qqcdnpictest.mxplay.com/pic/5a351b4f9fb69436f6bd6ae3a1a75292/en/4x3/1600x1200/test_pic1624706302350.webp',
             'episode': 'Episode 1'
         },
         'params': {
@@ -107,72 +108,93 @@ class MxplayerIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'The Attacks of 26/11',
             'description': 'md5:689bacd29e97b3f31eaf519eb14127e5',
-            'season_number': 0,
-            'episode_number': 0,
             'duration': 6085,
-            'season': 'Season 0',
-            'series': None,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://qqcdnpictest.mxplay.com/pic/0452f0d80226c398d63ce7e3ea40fa2d/en/16x9/320x180/00c8955dab5e5d340dbde643f9b1f6fd_1920x1080.webp',
-            'episode': 'Episode 0'
         },
         'params': {
             'format': 'best',
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+        'skip': 'No longer available. Cannot be played on browser'
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.mxplayer.in/movie/watch-kitne-door-kitne-paas-movie-online-a9e9c76c566205955f70d8b2cb88a6a2',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'a9e9c76c566205955f70d8b2cb88a6a2',
+            'display_id': 'watch-kitne-door-kitne-paas-movie-online',
+            'title': 'Kitne Door Kitne Paas',
+            'duration': 8458,
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'description': 'md5:fb825f3c542513088024dcafef0921b4',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'format': 'bv',
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.mxplayer.in/show/watch-ek-thi-begum-hindi/season-2/game-of-power-online-5e5305c28f1409847cdc4520b6ad77cf',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5e5305c28f1409847cdc4520b6ad77cf',
+            'display_id': 'game-of-power-online',
+            'title': 'Game Of Power',
+            'duration': 1845,
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'description': 'md5:1d0948d2a5312d7013792d53542407f9',
+            'series': 'Ek Thi Begum (Hindi)',
+            'season': 'Season 2',
+            'season_number': 2,
+            'episode': 'Episode 2',
+            'episode_number': 2,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'format': 'bv',
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.mxplayer.in/movie/watch-deewane-huye-paagal-movie-online-4f9175c40a11c3994182a65afdd37ec6?watch=true',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '4f9175c40a11c3994182a65afdd37ec6',
+            'display_id': 'watch-deewane-huye-paagal-movie-online',
+            'title': 'Deewane Huye Paagal',
+            'duration': 9037,
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'description': 'md5:d17bd5c651016c4ed2e6f8a4ace15534',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        type, display_id, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
-        type = 'movie_film' if type == 'movie' else 'tvshow_episode'
-        API_URL = 'https://androidapi.mxplay.com/v1/detail/'
-        headers = {
-            'X-Av-Code': '23',
-            'X-Country': 'IN',
-            'X-Platform': 'android',
-            'X-App-Version': '1370001318',
-            'X-Resolution': '3840x2160',
-        }
-        data_json = self._download_json(f'{API_URL}{type}/{video_id}', display_id, headers=headers)['profile']
+        video_type, display_id, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('type', 'display_id', 'id')
+        if 'show' in video_type:
+            video_type = 'episode'
 
-        season, series = None, None
-        for dct in data_json.get('levelInfos', []):
-            if dct.get('type') == 'tvshow_season':
-                season = dct.get('name')
-            elif dct.get('type') == 'tvshow_show':
-                series = dct.get('name')
-        thumbnails = []
-        for thumb in data_json.get('poster', []):
-            thumbnails.append({
-                'url': thumb.get('url'),
-                'width': thumb.get('width'),
-                'height': thumb.get('height'),
-            })
+        data_json = self._download_json(
+            f'https://api.mxplay.com/v1/web/detail/video?type={video_type}&id={video_id}', display_id)
 
-        formats = []
-        subtitles = {}
-        for dct in data_json.get('playInfo', []):
-            if dct.get('extension') == 'mpd':
-                frmt, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(dct.get('playUrl'), display_id, fatal=False)
-                formats.extend(frmt)
-                subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
-            elif dct.get('extension') == 'm3u8':
-                frmt, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(dct.get('playUrl'), display_id, fatal=False)
-                formats.extend(frmt)
-                subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+        m3u8_url = urljoin('https://llvod.mxplay.com/', traverse_obj(
+            data_json, ('stream', (('thirdParty', 'hlsUrl'), ('hls', 'high'))), get_all=False))
+        if m3u8_url:
+            formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(m3u8_url, display_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
+        mpd_url = urljoin('https://llvod.mxplay.com/', traverse_obj(
+            data_json, ('stream', (('thirdParty', 'dashUrl'), ('dash', 'high'))), get_all=False))
+        if mpd_url:
+            fmts, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(mpd_url, display_id, fatal=False)
+            formats.extend(fmts)
+            self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+
+        season = traverse_obj(data_json, ('container', 'title'))
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'display_id': display_id,
-            'title': data_json.get('name') or display_id,
-            'description': data_json.get('description'),
-            'season_number': data_json.get('seasonNum'),
-            'episode_number': data_json.get('episodeNum'),
-            'duration': data_json.get('duration'),
-            'season': season,
-            'series': series,
-            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
+            'title': data_json.get('title'),
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'duration': data_json.get('duration'),
+            'series': traverse_obj(data_json, ('container', 'container', 'title')),
+            'description': data_json.get('description'),
+            'season': season,
+            'season_number': int_or_none(
+                self._search_regex(r'Season (\d+)', season, 'Season Number', default=None)),
+            'episode_number': data_json.get('sequence') or None,
         }
 
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/myspace.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/myspace.py
index 63d36c30a7..3451098379 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/myspace.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/myspace.py
@@ -122,7 +122,6 @@ class MySpaceIE(InfoExtractor):
                 else:
                     raise ExtractorError(
                         'Found song but don\'t know how to download it')
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             return {
                 'id': video_id,
                 'title': self._og_search_title(webpage),
@@ -140,7 +139,6 @@ class MySpaceIE(InfoExtractor):
                 video.get('streamUrl'), video.get('hlsStreamUrl'),
                 video.get('mp4StreamUrl'), int_or_none(video.get('width')),
                 int_or_none(video.get('height')))
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             return {
                 'id': video_id,
                 'title': video['title'],
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/myvideoge.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/myvideoge.py
index 513d4cb773..64cee48e7f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/myvideoge.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/myvideoge.py
@@ -1,5 +1,16 @@
+import re
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import js_to_json
+from ..utils import (
+    MONTH_NAMES,
+    clean_html,
+    get_element_by_class,
+    get_element_by_id,
+    int_or_none,
+    js_to_json,
+    qualities,
+    unified_strdate,
+)
 
 
 class MyVideoGeIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -11,37 +22,50 @@ class MyVideoGeIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '3941048',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'The best prikol',
+            'upload_date': '20200611',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
-            'uploader': 'md5:d72addd357b0dd914e704781f7f777d8',
-            'description': 'md5:5c0371f540f5888d603ebfedd46b6df3'
-        }
+            'uploader': 'chixa33',
+            'description': 'md5:5b067801318e33c2e6eea4ab90b1fdd3',
+        },
     }
+    _MONTH_NAMES_KA = ['იანვარი', 'თებერვალი', 'მარტი', 'აპრილი', 'მაისი', 'ივნისი', 'ივლისი', 'აგვისტო', 'სექტემბერი', 'ოქტომბერი', 'ნოემბერი', 'დეკემბერი']
+
+    _quality = staticmethod(qualities(('SD', 'HD')))
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
-        title = self._html_search_regex(r'<h1[^>]*>([^<]+)</h1>', webpage, 'title')
-        description = self._og_search_description(webpage)
-        thumbnail = self._html_search_meta(['og:image'], webpage)
-        uploader = self._search_regex(r'<a[^>]+class="mv_user_name"[^>]*>([^<]+)<', webpage, 'uploader', fatal=False)
+        title = (
+            self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None)
+            or clean_html(get_element_by_class('my_video_title', webpage))
+            or self._html_search_regex(r'<title\b[^>]*>([^<]+)</title\b', webpage, 'title'))
 
         jwplayer_sources = self._parse_json(
             self._search_regex(
-                r"(?s)jwplayer\(\"mvplayer\"\).setup\(.*?sources: (.*?])", webpage, 'jwplayer sources'),
-            video_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
+                r'''(?s)jwplayer\s*\(\s*['"]mvplayer['"]\s*\)\s*\.\s*setup\s*\(.*?\bsources\s*:\s*(\[.*?])\s*[,});]''', webpage, 'jwplayer sources', fatal=False)
+            or '',
+            video_id, transform_source=js_to_json, fatal=False)
 
-        def _formats_key(f):
-            if f['label'] == 'SD':
-                return -1
-            elif f['label'] == 'HD':
-                return 1
-            else:
-                return 0
+        formats = self._parse_jwplayer_formats(jwplayer_sources or [], video_id)
+        for f in formats or []:
+            f['quality'] = self._quality(f['format_id'])
 
-        jwplayer_sources = sorted(jwplayer_sources, key=_formats_key)
+        description = (
+            self._og_search_description(webpage)
+            or get_element_by_id('long_desc_holder', webpage)
+            or self._html_search_meta('description', webpage))
 
-        formats = self._parse_jwplayer_formats(jwplayer_sources, video_id)
+        uploader = self._search_regex(r'<a[^>]+class="mv_user_name"[^>]*>([^<]+)<', webpage, 'uploader', fatal=False)
+
+        upload_date = get_element_by_class('mv_vid_upl_date', webpage)
+        # as ka locale may not be present roll a local date conversion
+        upload_date = (unified_strdate(
+            # translate any ka month to an en one
+            re.sub('|'.join(self._MONTH_NAMES_KA),
+                   lambda m: MONTH_NAMES['en'][self._MONTH_NAMES_KA.index(m.group(0))],
+                   upload_date, re.I))
+            if upload_date else None)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -49,5 +73,9 @@ class MyVideoGeIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': description,
             'uploader': uploader,
             'formats': formats,
-            'thumbnail': thumbnail
+            'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage),
+            'upload_date': upload_date,
+            'view_count': int_or_none(get_element_by_class('mv_vid_views', webpage)),
+            'like_count': int_or_none(get_element_by_id('likes_count', webpage)),
+            'dislike_count': int_or_none(get_element_by_id('dislikes_count', webpage)),
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/n1.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/n1.py
index cc0ff533e7..55345f3983 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/n1.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/n1.py
@@ -24,8 +24,6 @@ class N1InfoAssetIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nate.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nate.py
index c83b2acbd8..5e74caa7f6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nate.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nate.py
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ class NateIE(InfoExtractor):
             'height': self._QUALITY.get(f_url[-2:]),
             'quality': int_or_none(f_url[-2:]),
         } for f_url in video_data.get('smcUriList') or []]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': id,
             'title': video_data.get('clipTitle'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nationalgeographic.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nationalgeographic.py
index f22317d561..ad525c2589 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nationalgeographic.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nationalgeographic.py
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class NationalGeographicVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
-class NationalGeographicTVIE(FOXIE):
+class NationalGeographicTVIE(FOXIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?nationalgeographic\.com/tv/watch/(?P<id>[\da-fA-F]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.nationalgeographic.com/tv/watch/6a875e6e734b479beda26438c9f21138/',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/naver.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/naver.py
index 3c4e735350..7a1890a618 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/naver.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/naver.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ from ..utils import (
     clean_html,
     dict_get,
     int_or_none,
+    join_nonempty,
     merge_dicts,
     parse_duration,
     traverse_obj,
@@ -20,6 +21,23 @@ from ..utils import (
 class NaverBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _CAPTION_EXT_RE = r'\.(?:ttml|vtt)'
 
+    @staticmethod  # NB: Used in VLiveWebArchiveIE
+    def process_subtitles(vod_data, process_url):
+        ret = {'subtitles': {}, 'automatic_captions': {}}
+        for caption in traverse_obj(vod_data, ('captions', 'list', ...)):
+            caption_url = caption.get('source')
+            if not caption_url:
+                continue
+            type_ = 'automatic_captions' if caption.get('type') == 'auto' else 'subtitles'
+            lang = caption.get('locale') or join_nonempty('language', 'country', from_dict=caption) or 'und'
+            if caption.get('type') == 'fan':
+                lang += '_fan%d' % next(i for i in itertools.count(1) if f'{lang}_fan{i}' not in ret[type_])
+            ret[type_].setdefault(lang, []).extend({
+                'url': sub_url,
+                'name': join_nonempty('label', 'fanName', from_dict=caption, delim=' - '),
+            } for sub_url in process_url(caption_url))
+        return ret
+
     def _extract_video_info(self, video_id, vid, key):
         video_data = self._download_json(
             'http://play.rmcnmv.naver.com/vod/play/v2.0/' + vid,
@@ -67,28 +85,16 @@ class NaverBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                     update_url_query(stream_url, query), video_id,
                     'mp4', 'm3u8_native', m3u8_id=stream_type, fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         replace_ext = lambda x, y: re.sub(self._CAPTION_EXT_RE, '.' + y, x)
 
         def get_subs(caption_url):
             if re.search(self._CAPTION_EXT_RE, caption_url):
-                return [{
-                    'url': replace_ext(caption_url, 'ttml'),
-                }, {
-                    'url': replace_ext(caption_url, 'vtt'),
-                }]
-            else:
-                return [{'url': caption_url}]
-
-        automatic_captions = {}
-        subtitles = {}
-        for caption in get_list('caption'):
-            caption_url = caption.get('source')
-            if not caption_url:
-                continue
-            sub_dict = automatic_captions if caption.get('type') == 'auto' else subtitles
-            sub_dict.setdefault(dict_get(caption, ('locale', 'language')), []).extend(get_subs(caption_url))
+                return [
+                    replace_ext(caption_url, 'ttml'),
+                    replace_ext(caption_url, 'vtt'),
+                ]
+            return [caption_url]
 
         user = meta.get('user', {})
 
@@ -96,13 +102,12 @@ class NaverBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
             'formats': formats,
-            'subtitles': subtitles,
-            'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
             'thumbnail': try_get(meta, lambda x: x['cover']['source']),
             'view_count': int_or_none(meta.get('count')),
             'uploader_id': user.get('id'),
             'uploader': user.get('name'),
             'uploader_url': user.get('url'),
+            **self.process_subtitles(video_data, get_subs),
         }
 
 
@@ -239,7 +244,6 @@ class NaverLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 quality.get('url'), video_id, 'mp4',
                 m3u8_id=quality.get('qualityId'), live=True
             ))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -256,7 +260,7 @@ class NaverLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 class NaverNowIE(NaverBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'navernow'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://now\.naver\.com/s/now\.(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://now\.naver\.com/s/now\.(?P<id>\w+)'
     _API_URL = 'https://apis.naver.com/now_web/oldnow_web/v4'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://now.naver.com/s/now.4759?shareReplayId=26331132#replay=',
@@ -315,6 +319,9 @@ class NaverNowIE(NaverBaseIE):
             'title': '아이키의 떰즈업',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 101,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://now.naver.com/s/now.kihyunplay?shareReplayId=30573291#replay',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _extract_replay(self, show_id, replay_id):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nba.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nba.py
index e95c1b795c..d8fc82488d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nba.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nba.py
@@ -92,7 +92,6 @@ class NBAWatchBaseIE(NBACVPBaseIE):
                 formats.extend(cvp_info['formats'])
                 info = merge_dicts(info, cvp_info)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         info['formats'] = formats
         return info
 
@@ -318,7 +317,6 @@ class NBABaseIE(NBACVPBaseIE):
                     subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, cvp_info['subtitles'])
                     info = merge_dicts(info, cvp_info)
 
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
         else:
             info.update(self._embed_url_result(team, video['videoId']))
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nbc.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nbc.py
index 910cbedf67..b9f65e9270 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nbc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nbc.py
@@ -3,23 +3,31 @@ import json
 import re
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from .theplatform import ThePlatformIE
+from .theplatform import ThePlatformIE, default_ns
 from .adobepass import AdobePassIE
 from ..compat import compat_urllib_parse_unquote
 from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    HEADRequest,
+    RegexNotFoundError,
+    UserNotLive,
+    clean_html,
     int_or_none,
     parse_age_limit,
     parse_duration,
-    RegexNotFoundError,
     smuggle_url,
+    traverse_obj,
     try_get,
+    unescapeHTML,
     unified_timestamp,
     update_url_query,
+    url_basename,
+    xpath_attr,
 )
 
 
-class NBCIE(ThePlatformIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?(?P<permalink>://(?:www\.)?nbc\.com/(?:classic-tv/)?[^/]+/video/[^/]+/(?P<id>n?\d+))'
+class NBCIE(ThePlatformIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?(?P<permalink>://(?:www\.)?nbc\.com/(?:classic-tv/)?[^/]+/video/[^/]+/(?P<id>(?:NBCE|n)?\d+))'
 
     _TESTS = [
         {
@@ -32,10 +40,18 @@ class NBCIE(ThePlatformIE):
                 'timestamp': 1424246400,
                 'upload_date': '20150218',
                 'uploader': 'NBCU-COM',
+                'episode': 'Jimmy Fallon Surprises Fans at Ben & Jerry\'s',
+                'episode_number': 86,
+                'season': 'Season 2',
+                'season_number': 2,
+                'series': 'Tonight Show: Jimmy Fallon',
+                'duration': 237.0,
+                'chapters': 'count:1',
+                'tags': 'count:4',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.jpg',
             },
             'params': {
-                # m3u8 download
-                'skip_download': True,
+                'skip_download': 'm3u8',
             },
         },
         {
@@ -49,11 +65,7 @@ class NBCIE(ThePlatformIE):
                 'upload_date': '20141206',
                 'uploader': 'NBCU-COM',
             },
-            'params': {
-                # m3u8 download
-                'skip_download': True,
-            },
-            'skip': 'Only works from US',
+            'skip': 'page not found',
         },
         {
             # HLS streams requires the 'hdnea3' cookie
@@ -67,10 +79,59 @@ class NBCIE(ThePlatformIE):
                 'upload_date': '20090315',
                 'uploader': 'NBCU-COM',
             },
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,
+            'skip': 'page not found',
+        },
+        {
+            # manifest url does not have extension
+            'url': 'https://www.nbc.com/the-golden-globe-awards/video/oprah-winfrey-receives-cecil-b-de-mille-award-at-the-2018-golden-globes/3646439',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '3646439',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Oprah Winfrey Receives Cecil B. de Mille Award at the 2018 Golden Globes',
+                'episode': 'Oprah Winfrey Receives Cecil B. de Mille Award at the 2018 Golden Globes',
+                'episode_number': 1,
+                'season': 'Season 75',
+                'season_number': 75,
+                'series': 'The Golden Globe Awards',
+                'description': 'Oprah Winfrey receives the Cecil B. de Mille Award at the 75th Annual Golden Globe Awards.',
+                'uploader': 'NBCU-COM',
+                'upload_date': '20180107',
+                'timestamp': 1515312000,
+                'duration': 570.0,
+                'tags': 'count:8',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.jpg',
+                'chapters': 'count:1',
+            },
+            'params': {
+                'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            # new video_id format
+            'url': 'https://www.nbc.com/quantum-leap/video/bens-first-leap-nbcs-quantum-leap/NBCE125189978',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'NBCE125189978',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Ben\'s First Leap | NBC\'s Quantum Leap',
+                'description': 'md5:a82762449b7ec4bb83291a7b355ebf8e',
+                'uploader': 'NBCU-COM',
+                'series': 'Quantum Leap',
+                'season': 'Season 1',
+                'season_number': 1,
+                'episode': 'Ben\'s First Leap | NBC\'s Quantum Leap',
+                'episode_number': 1,
+                'duration': 170.171,
+                'chapters': [],
+                'timestamp': 1663956155,
+                'upload_date': '20220923',
+                'tags': 'count:10',
+                'age_limit': 0,
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.jpg',
+            },
+            'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks'],
+            'params': {
+                'skip_download': 'm3u8',
             },
-            'skip': 'Only works from US',
         },
         {
             'url': 'https://www.nbc.com/classic-tv/charles-in-charge/video/charles-in-charge-pilot/n3310',
@@ -130,6 +191,7 @@ class NBCIE(ThePlatformIE):
         query = {
             'mbr': 'true',
             'manifest': 'm3u',
+            'switch': 'HLSServiceSecure',
         }
         video_id = video_data['mpxGuid']
         tp_path = 'NnzsPC/media/guid/%s/%s' % (video_data.get('mpxAccountId') or '2410887629', video_id)
@@ -299,7 +361,6 @@ class NBCSportsStreamIE(AdobePassIE):
                 'resourceId': base64.b64encode(resource.encode()).decode(),
             }).encode())['tokenizedUrl']
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(tokenized_url, video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -309,7 +370,7 @@ class NBCSportsStreamIE(AdobePassIE):
         }
 
 
-class NBCNewsIE(ThePlatformIE):
+class NBCNewsIE(ThePlatformIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'(?x)https?://(?:www\.)?(?:nbcnews|today|msnbc)\.com/([^/]+/)*(?:.*-)?(?P<id>[^/?]+)'
     _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe[^>]+src=(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?:)?//www\.nbcnews\.com/widget/video-embed/[^"\']+)\1']
 
@@ -431,7 +492,6 @@ class NBCNewsIE(ThePlatformIE):
                 'tbr': tbr,
                 'ext': 'mp4',
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         closed_captioning = video_data.get('closedCaptioning')
@@ -575,7 +635,6 @@ class NBCOlympicsStreamIE(AdobePassIE):
             # -http_seekable requires ffmpeg 4.3+ but it doesnt seem possible to
             # download with ffmpeg without this option
             f['downloader_options'] = {'ffmpeg_args': ['-seekable', '0', '-http_seekable', '0', '-icy', '0']}
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': pid,
@@ -584,3 +643,158 @@ class NBCOlympicsStreamIE(AdobePassIE):
             'formats': formats,
             'is_live': is_live,
         }
+
+
+class NBCStationsIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _DOMAIN_RE = '|'.join(map(re.escape, (
+        'nbcbayarea', 'nbcboston', 'nbcchicago', 'nbcconnecticut', 'nbcdfw', 'nbclosangeles',
+        'nbcmiami', 'nbcnewyork', 'nbcphiladelphia', 'nbcsandiego', 'nbcwashington',
+        'necn', 'telemundo52', 'telemundoarizona', 'telemundochicago', 'telemundonuevainglaterra',
+    )))
+    _VALID_URL = rf'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<site>{_DOMAIN_RE})\.com/(?:[^/?#]+/)*(?P<id>[^/?#]+)/?(?:$|[#?])'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/large-structure-fire-in-downtown-la-prompts-smoke-odor-advisory/2968618/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2968618',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Large Structure Fire in Downtown LA Prompts Smoke Odor Advisory',
+            'description': 'md5:417ed3c2d91fe9d301e6db7b0942f182',
+            'timestamp': 1661135892,
+            'upload_date': '20220822',
+            'uploader': 'NBC 4',
+            'channel_id': 'KNBC',
+            'channel': 'nbclosangeles',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.telemundoarizona.com/responde/huracan-complica-reembolso-para-televidente-de-tucson/2247002/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2247002',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Huracán complica que televidente de Tucson reciba  reembolso',
+            'description': 'md5:af298dc73aab74d4fca6abfb12acb6cf',
+            'timestamp': 1660886507,
+            'upload_date': '20220819',
+            'uploader': 'Telemundo Arizona',
+            'channel_id': 'KTAZ',
+            'channel': 'telemundoarizona',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    _RESOLUTIONS = {
+        '1080': '1920',
+        '720': '1280',
+        '540': '960',
+        '360': '640',
+        '234': '416',
+    }
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        channel, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('site', 'id')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        nbc_data = self._search_json(
+            r'<script>\s*var\s+nbc\s*=', webpage, 'NBC JSON data', video_id)
+        pdk_acct = nbc_data.get('pdkAcct') or 'Yh1nAC'
+        fw_ssid = traverse_obj(nbc_data, ('video', 'fwSSID'))
+
+        video_data = self._search_json(
+            r'data-videos="\[', webpage, 'video data', video_id, default={}, transform_source=unescapeHTML)
+        video_data.update(self._search_json(
+            r'data-meta="', webpage, 'metadata', video_id, default={}, transform_source=unescapeHTML))
+        if not video_data:
+            raise ExtractorError('No video metadata found in webpage', expected=True)
+
+        info, formats, subtitles = {}, [], {}
+        is_live = int_or_none(video_data.get('mpx_is_livestream')) == 1
+        query = {
+            'formats': 'MPEG-DASH none,M3U none,MPEG-DASH none,MPEG4,MP3',
+            'format': 'SMIL',
+            'fwsitesection': fw_ssid,
+            'fwNetworkID': traverse_obj(nbc_data, ('video', 'fwNetworkID'), default='382114'),
+            'pprofile': 'ots_desktop_html',
+            'sensitive': 'false',
+            'w': '1920',
+            'h': '1080',
+            'mode': 'LIVE' if is_live else 'on-demand',
+            'vpaid': 'script',
+            'schema': '2.0',
+            'sdk': 'PDK 6.1.3',
+        }
+
+        if is_live:
+            player_id = traverse_obj(video_data, ((None, ('video', 'meta')), (
+                'mpx_m3upid', 'mpx_pid', 'pid_streaming_web_medium')), get_all=False)
+            info['title'] = f'{channel} livestream'
+
+        else:
+            player_id = traverse_obj(video_data, (
+                (None, ('video', 'meta')), ('pid_streaming_web_high', 'mpx_pid')), get_all=False)
+
+            date_string = traverse_obj(video_data, 'date_string', 'date_gmt')
+            if date_string:
+                date_string = self._search_regex(
+                    r'datetime="([^"]+)"', date_string, 'date string', fatal=False)
+            else:
+                date_string = traverse_obj(
+                    nbc_data, ('dataLayer', 'adobe', ('prop70', 'eVar70', 'eVar59')), get_all=False)
+
+            video_url = traverse_obj(video_data, ((None, ('video', 'meta')), 'mp4_url'), get_all=False)
+            if video_url:
+                height = self._search_regex(r'\d+-(\d+)p', url_basename(video_url), 'height', default=None)
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': video_url,
+                    'ext': 'mp4',
+                    'width': int_or_none(self._RESOLUTIONS.get(height)),
+                    'height': int_or_none(height),
+                    'format_id': 'http-mp4',
+                })
+
+            info.update({
+                'title': video_data.get('title') or traverse_obj(nbc_data, (
+                    'dataLayer', (None, 'adobe'), ('contenttitle', 'title', 'prop22')), get_all=False),
+                'description':
+                    traverse_obj(video_data, 'summary', 'excerpt', 'video_hero_text')
+                    or clean_html(traverse_obj(nbc_data, ('dataLayer', 'summary'))),
+                'timestamp': unified_timestamp(date_string),
+            })
+
+        smil = None
+        if player_id and fw_ssid:
+            smil = self._download_xml(
+                f'https://link.theplatform.com/s/{pdk_acct}/{player_id}', video_id,
+                note='Downloading SMIL data', query=query, fatal=is_live)
+        if smil:
+            manifest_url = xpath_attr(smil, f'.//{{{default_ns}}}video', 'src', fatal=is_live)
+            subtitles = self._parse_smil_subtitles(smil, default_ns)
+            fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=is_live,
+                live=is_live, errnote='No HLS formats found')
+            formats.extend(fmts)
+            self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+
+        if not formats:
+            self.raise_no_formats('No video content found in webpage', expected=True)
+        elif is_live:
+            try:
+                self._request_webpage(
+                    HEADRequest(formats[0]['url']), video_id, note='Checking live status')
+            except ExtractorError:
+                raise UserNotLive(video_id=channel)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'channel': channel,
+            'channel_id': nbc_data.get('callLetters'),
+            'uploader': nbc_data.get('on_air_name'),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'is_live': is_live,
+            **info,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ndr.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ndr.py
index ad8dbd7a77..41ea3629a9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ndr.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ndr.py
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ class NJoyIE(NDRBaseIE):
         }
 
 
-class NDREmbedBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+class NDREmbedBaseIE(InfoExtractor):  # XXX: Conventionally, Concrete class names do not end in BaseIE
     IE_NAME = 'ndr:embed:base'
     _VALID_URL = r'(?:ndr:(?P<id_s>[\da-z]+)|https?://www\.ndr\.de/(?P<id>[\da-z]+)-ppjson\.json)'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -266,7 +266,6 @@ class NDREmbedBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     ff['vcodec'] = 'none'
                     ff['ext'] = ext or 'mp3'
                 formats.append(ff)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         config = playlist['config']
 
@@ -315,7 +314,7 @@ class NDREmbedBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
-class NDREmbedIE(NDREmbedBaseIE):
+class NDREmbedIE(NDREmbedBaseIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'ndr:embed'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)*ndr\.de/(?:[^/]+/)*(?P<id>[\da-z]+)-(?:(?:ard)?player|externalPlayer)\.html'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -413,7 +412,7 @@ class NDREmbedIE(NDREmbedBaseIE):
     }]
 
 
-class NJoyEmbedIE(NDREmbedBaseIE):
+class NJoyEmbedIE(NDREmbedBaseIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'njoy:embed'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?n-joy\.de/(?:[^/]+/)*(?P<id>[\da-z]+)-(?:player|externalPlayer)_[^/]+\.html'
     _TESTS = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nebula.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nebula.py
index 7057b8b26e..81e2f56e62 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nebula.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nebula.py
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import itertools
 import json
-import time
 import urllib.error
-import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import ExtractorError, parse_iso8601, try_get
+from ..utils import ExtractorError, parse_iso8601
+
+_BASE_URL_RE = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:watchnebula\.com|nebula\.app|nebula\.tv)'
 
 
 class NebulaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -13,11 +13,10 @@ class NebulaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     _nebula_api_token = None
     _nebula_bearer_token = None
-    _zype_access_token = None
 
     def _perform_nebula_auth(self, username, password):
         if not username or not password:
-            self.raise_login_required()
+            self.raise_login_required(method='password')
 
         data = json.dumps({'email': username, 'password': password}).encode('utf8')
         response = self._download_json(
@@ -31,38 +30,10 @@ class NebulaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             note='Logging in to Nebula with supplied credentials',
             errnote='Authentication failed or rejected')
         if not response or not response.get('key'):
-            self.raise_login_required()
-
-        # save nebula token as cookie
-        self._set_cookie(
-            'nebula.app', 'nebula-auth',
-            urllib.parse.quote(
-                json.dumps({
-                    "apiToken": response["key"],
-                    "isLoggingIn": False,
-                    "isLoggingOut": False,
-                }, separators=(",", ":"))),
-            expire_time=int(time.time()) + 86400 * 365,
-        )
+            self.raise_login_required(method='password')
 
         return response['key']
 
-    def _retrieve_nebula_api_token(self, username=None, password=None):
-        """
-        Check cookie jar for valid token. Try to authenticate using credentials if no valid token
-        can be found in the cookie jar.
-        """
-        nebula_cookies = self._get_cookies('https://nebula.app')
-        nebula_cookie = nebula_cookies.get('nebula-auth')
-        if nebula_cookie:
-            self.to_screen('Authenticating to Nebula with token from cookie jar')
-            nebula_cookie_value = urllib.parse.unquote(nebula_cookie.value)
-            nebula_api_token = self._parse_json(nebula_cookie_value, None).get('apiToken')
-            if nebula_api_token:
-                return nebula_api_token
-
-        return self._perform_nebula_auth(username, password)
-
     def _call_nebula_api(self, url, video_id=None, method='GET', auth_type='api', note=''):
         assert method in ('GET', 'POST',)
         assert auth_type in ('api', 'bearer',)
@@ -93,35 +64,24 @@ class NebulaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                                          note='Authorizing to Nebula')
         return response['token']
 
-    def _fetch_zype_access_token(self):
-        """
-        Get a Zype access token, which is required to access video streams -- in our case: to
-        generate video URLs.
-        """
-        user_object = self._call_nebula_api('https://api.watchnebula.com/api/v1/auth/user/', note='Retrieving Zype access token')
-
-        access_token = try_get(user_object, lambda x: x['zype_auth_info']['access_token'], str)
-        if not access_token:
-            if try_get(user_object, lambda x: x['is_subscribed'], bool):
-                # TODO: Reimplement the same Zype token polling the Nebula frontend implements
-                # see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/24805#issuecomment-749231532
-                raise ExtractorError(
-                    'Unable to extract Zype access token from Nebula API authentication endpoint. '
-                    'Open an arbitrary video in a browser with this account to generate a token',
-                    expected=True)
-            raise ExtractorError('Unable to extract Zype access token from Nebula API authentication endpoint')
-        return access_token
+    def _fetch_video_formats(self, slug):
+        stream_info = self._call_nebula_api(f'https://content.watchnebula.com/video/{slug}/stream/',
+                                            video_id=slug,
+                                            auth_type='bearer',
+                                            note='Fetching video stream info')
+        manifest_url = stream_info['manifest']
+        return self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(manifest_url, slug)
 
     def _build_video_info(self, episode):
-        zype_id = episode['zype_id']
-        zype_video_url = f'https://player.zype.com/embed/{zype_id}.html?access_token={self._zype_access_token}'
+        fmts, subs = self._fetch_video_formats(episode['slug'])
         channel_slug = episode['channel_slug']
+        channel_title = episode['channel_title']
         return {
             'id': episode['zype_id'],
             'display_id': episode['slug'],
-            '_type': 'url_transparent',
-            'ie_key': 'Zype',
-            'url': zype_video_url,
+            'formats': fmts,
+            'subtitles': subs,
+            'webpage_url': f'https://nebula.tv/{episode["slug"]}',
             'title': episode['title'],
             'description': episode['description'],
             'timestamp': parse_iso8601(episode['published_at']),
@@ -131,27 +91,26 @@ class NebulaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': key,
             } for key, tn in episode['assets']['thumbnail'].items()],
             'duration': episode['duration'],
-            'channel': episode['channel_title'],
+            'channel': channel_title,
             'channel_id': channel_slug,
-            'channel_url': f'https://nebula.app/{channel_slug}',
-            'uploader': episode['channel_title'],
+            'channel_url': f'https://nebula.tv/{channel_slug}',
+            'uploader': channel_title,
             'uploader_id': channel_slug,
-            'uploader_url': f'https://nebula.app/{channel_slug}',
-            'series': episode['channel_title'],
-            'creator': episode['channel_title'],
+            'uploader_url': f'https://nebula.tv/{channel_slug}',
+            'series': channel_title,
+            'creator': channel_title,
         }
 
     def _perform_login(self, username=None, password=None):
-        self._nebula_api_token = self._retrieve_nebula_api_token(username, password)
+        self._nebula_api_token = self._perform_nebula_auth(username, password)
         self._nebula_bearer_token = self._fetch_nebula_bearer_token()
-        self._zype_access_token = self._fetch_zype_access_token()
 
 
 class NebulaIE(NebulaBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:watchnebula\.com|nebula\.app)/videos/(?P<id>[-\w]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = rf'{_BASE_URL_RE}/videos/(?P<id>[-\w]+)'
     _TESTS = [
         {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.app/videos/that-time-disney-remade-beauty-and-the-beast',
+            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/videos/that-time-disney-remade-beauty-and-the-beast',
             'md5': '14944cfee8c7beeea106320c47560efc',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '5c271b40b13fd613090034fd',
@@ -165,19 +124,17 @@ class NebulaIE(NebulaBaseIE):
                 'uploader': 'Lindsay Ellis',
                 'uploader_id': 'lindsayellis',
                 'timestamp': 1533009600,
-                'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.app/lindsayellis',
+                'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.tv/lindsayellis',
                 'series': 'Lindsay Ellis',
-                'average_rating': int,
                 'display_id': 'that-time-disney-remade-beauty-and-the-beast',
-                'channel_url': 'https://nebula.app/lindsayellis',
+                'channel_url': 'https://nebula.tv/lindsayellis',
                 'creator': 'Lindsay Ellis',
                 'duration': 2212,
-                'view_count': int,
                 'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/[\w-]+\.jpeg?.*',
             },
         },
         {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.app/videos/the-logistics-of-d-day-landing-craft-how-the-allies-got-ashore',
+            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/videos/the-logistics-of-d-day-landing-craft-how-the-allies-got-ashore',
             'md5': 'd05739cf6c38c09322422f696b569c23',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '5e7e78171aaf320001fbd6be',
@@ -190,19 +147,17 @@ class NebulaIE(NebulaBaseIE):
                 'channel_id': 'realengineering',
                 'uploader': 'Real Engineering',
                 'uploader_id': 'realengineering',
-                'view_count': int,
                 'series': 'Real Engineering',
-                'average_rating': int,
                 'display_id': 'the-logistics-of-d-day-landing-craft-how-the-allies-got-ashore',
                 'creator': 'Real Engineering',
                 'duration': 841,
-                'channel_url': 'https://nebula.app/realengineering',
-                'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.app/realengineering',
+                'channel_url': 'https://nebula.tv/realengineering',
+                'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.tv/realengineering',
                 'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/[\w-]+\.jpeg?.*',
             },
         },
         {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.app/videos/money-episode-1-the-draw',
+            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/videos/money-episode-1-the-draw',
             'md5': 'ebe28a7ad822b9ee172387d860487868',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '5e779ebdd157bc0001d1c75a',
@@ -215,14 +170,12 @@ class NebulaIE(NebulaBaseIE):
                 'channel_id': 'tom-scott-presents-money',
                 'uploader': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
                 'uploader_id': 'tom-scott-presents-money',
-                'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.app/tom-scott-presents-money',
+                'uploader_url': 'https://nebula.tv/tom-scott-presents-money',
                 'duration': 825,
-                'channel_url': 'https://nebula.app/tom-scott-presents-money',
-                'view_count': int,
+                'channel_url': 'https://nebula.tv/tom-scott-presents-money',
                 'series': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
                 'display_id': 'money-episode-1-the-draw',
                 'thumbnail': r're:https://\w+\.cloudfront\.net/[\w-]+\.jpeg?.*',
-                'average_rating': int,
                 'creator': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
             },
         },
@@ -246,10 +199,10 @@ class NebulaIE(NebulaBaseIE):
 
 class NebulaSubscriptionsIE(NebulaBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'nebula:subscriptions'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:watchnebula\.com|nebula\.app)/myshows'
+    _VALID_URL = rf'{_BASE_URL_RE}/myshows'
     _TESTS = [
         {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.app/myshows',
+            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/myshows',
             'playlist_mincount': 1,
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': 'myshows',
@@ -274,10 +227,10 @@ class NebulaSubscriptionsIE(NebulaBaseIE):
 
 class NebulaChannelIE(NebulaBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'nebula:channel'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:watchnebula\.com|nebula\.app)/(?!myshows|videos/)(?P<id>[-\w]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = rf'{_BASE_URL_RE}/(?!myshows|videos/)(?P<id>[-\w]+)'
     _TESTS = [
         {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.app/tom-scott-presents-money',
+            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/tom-scott-presents-money',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': 'tom-scott-presents-money',
                 'title': 'Tom Scott Presents: Money',
@@ -285,13 +238,13 @@ class NebulaChannelIE(NebulaBaseIE):
             },
             'playlist_count': 5,
         }, {
-            'url': 'https://nebula.app/lindsayellis',
+            'url': 'https://nebula.tv/lindsayellis',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': 'lindsayellis',
                 'title': 'Lindsay Ellis',
                 'description': 'Enjoy these hottest of takes on Disney, Transformers, and Musicals.',
             },
-            'playlist_mincount': 100,
+            'playlist_mincount': 2,
         },
     ]
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/neteasemusic.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/neteasemusic.py
index f9a67876ab..595709899a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/neteasemusic.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/neteasemusic.py
@@ -1,12 +1,26 @@
 import itertools
+import json
 import re
+import time
 from base64 import b64encode
+from binascii import hexlify
 from datetime import datetime
 from hashlib import md5
+from random import randint
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..compat import compat_str, compat_urllib_parse_urlencode
-from ..utils import float_or_none, sanitized_Request
+from ..aes import aes_ecb_encrypt, pkcs7_padding
+from ..compat import compat_urllib_parse_urlencode
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    bytes_to_intlist,
+    error_to_compat_str,
+    float_or_none,
+    int_or_none,
+    intlist_to_bytes,
+    sanitized_Request,
+    try_get,
+)
 
 
 class NetEaseMusicBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -17,7 +31,7 @@ class NetEaseMusicBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     @classmethod
     def _encrypt(cls, dfsid):
         salt_bytes = bytearray(cls._NETEASE_SALT.encode('utf-8'))
-        string_bytes = bytearray(compat_str(dfsid).encode('ascii'))
+        string_bytes = bytearray(str(dfsid).encode('ascii'))
         salt_len = len(salt_bytes)
         for i in range(len(string_bytes)):
             string_bytes[i] = string_bytes[i] ^ salt_bytes[i % salt_len]
@@ -26,32 +40,105 @@ class NetEaseMusicBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         result = b64encode(m.digest()).decode('ascii')
         return result.replace('/', '_').replace('+', '-')
 
+    def make_player_api_request_data_and_headers(self, song_id, bitrate):
+        KEY = b'e82ckenh8dichen8'
+        URL = '/api/song/enhance/player/url'
+        now = int(time.time() * 1000)
+        rand = randint(0, 1000)
+        cookie = {
+            'osver': None,
+            'deviceId': None,
+            'appver': '8.0.0',
+            'versioncode': '140',
+            'mobilename': None,
+            'buildver': '1623435496',
+            'resolution': '1920x1080',
+            '__csrf': '',
+            'os': 'pc',
+            'channel': None,
+            'requestId': '{0}_{1:04}'.format(now, rand),
+        }
+        request_text = json.dumps(
+            {'ids': '[{0}]'.format(song_id), 'br': bitrate, 'header': cookie},
+            separators=(',', ':'))
+        message = 'nobody{0}use{1}md5forencrypt'.format(
+            URL, request_text).encode('latin1')
+        msg_digest = md5(message).hexdigest()
+
+        data = '{0}-36cd479b6b5-{1}-36cd479b6b5-{2}'.format(
+            URL, request_text, msg_digest)
+        data = pkcs7_padding(bytes_to_intlist(data))
+        encrypted = intlist_to_bytes(aes_ecb_encrypt(data, bytes_to_intlist(KEY)))
+        encrypted_params = hexlify(encrypted).decode('ascii').upper()
+
+        cookie = '; '.join(
+            ['{0}={1}'.format(k, v if v is not None else 'undefined')
+             for [k, v] in cookie.items()])
+
+        headers = {
+            'User-Agent': self.extractor.get_param('http_headers')['User-Agent'],
+            'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
+            'Referer': 'https://music.163.com',
+            'Cookie': cookie,
+        }
+        return ('params={0}'.format(encrypted_params), headers)
+
+    def _call_player_api(self, song_id, bitrate):
+        url = 'https://interface3.music.163.com/eapi/song/enhance/player/url'
+        data, headers = self.make_player_api_request_data_and_headers(song_id, bitrate)
+        try:
+            msg = 'empty result'
+            result = self._download_json(
+                url, song_id, data=data.encode('ascii'), headers=headers)
+            if result:
+                return result
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if type(e.cause) in (ValueError, TypeError):
+                # JSON load failure
+                raise
+        except Exception as e:
+            msg = error_to_compat_str(e)
+            self.report_warning('%s API call (%s) failed: %s' % (
+                song_id, bitrate, msg))
+        return {}
+
     def extract_formats(self, info):
+        err = 0
         formats = []
+        song_id = info['id']
         for song_format in self._FORMATS:
             details = info.get(song_format)
             if not details:
                 continue
-            song_file_path = '/%s/%s.%s' % (
-                self._encrypt(details['dfsId']), details['dfsId'], details['extension'])
 
-            # 203.130.59.9, 124.40.233.182, 115.231.74.139, etc is a reverse proxy-like feature
-            # from NetEase's CDN provider that can be used if m5.music.126.net does not
-            # work, especially for users outside of Mainland China
-            # via: https://github.com/JixunMoe/unblock-163/issues/3#issuecomment-163115880
-            for host in ('http://m5.music.126.net', 'http://115.231.74.139/m1.music.126.net',
-                         'http://124.40.233.182/m1.music.126.net', 'http://203.130.59.9/m1.music.126.net'):
-                song_url = host + song_file_path
+            bitrate = int_or_none(details.get('bitrate')) or 999000
+            data = self._call_player_api(song_id, bitrate)
+            for song in try_get(data, lambda x: x['data'], list) or []:
+                song_url = try_get(song, lambda x: x['url'])
+                if not song_url:
+                    continue
                 if self._is_valid_url(song_url, info['id'], 'song'):
                     formats.append({
                         'url': song_url,
                         'ext': details.get('extension'),
-                        'abr': float_or_none(details.get('bitrate'), scale=1000),
+                        'abr': float_or_none(song.get('br'), scale=1000),
                         'format_id': song_format,
-                        'filesize': details.get('size'),
-                        'asr': details.get('sr')
+                        'filesize': int_or_none(song.get('size')),
+                        'asr': int_or_none(details.get('sr')),
                     })
-                    break
+                elif err == 0:
+                    err = try_get(song, lambda x: x['code'], int)
+
+        if not formats:
+            msg = 'No media links found'
+            if err != 0 and (err < 200 or err >= 400):
+                raise ExtractorError(
+                    '%s (site code %d)' % (msg, err, ), expected=True)
+            else:
+                self.raise_geo_restricted(
+                    msg + ': probably this video is not available from your location due to geo restriction.',
+                    countries=['CN'])
+
         return formats
 
     @classmethod
@@ -67,33 +154,19 @@ class NetEaseMusicBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 class NetEaseMusicIE(NetEaseMusicBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'netease:song'
     IE_DESC = '网易云音乐'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://music\.163\.com/(#/)?song\?id=(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(y\.)?music\.163\.com/(?:[#m]/)?song\?.*?\bid=(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://music.163.com/#/song?id=32102397',
-        'md5': 'f2e97280e6345c74ba9d5677dd5dcb45',
+        'md5': '3e909614ce09b1ccef4a3eb205441190',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '32102397',
             'ext': 'mp3',
-            'title': 'Bad Blood (feat. Kendrick Lamar)',
+            'title': 'Bad Blood',
             'creator': 'Taylor Swift / Kendrick Lamar',
-            'upload_date': '20150517',
-            'timestamp': 1431878400,
-            'description': 'md5:a10a54589c2860300d02e1de821eb2ef',
+            'upload_date': '20150516',
+            'timestamp': 1431792000,
+            'description': 'md5:25fc5f27e47aad975aa6d36382c7833c',
         },
-        'skip': 'Blocked outside Mainland China',
-    }, {
-        'note': 'No lyrics translation.',
-        'url': 'http://music.163.com/#/song?id=29822014',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '29822014',
-            'ext': 'mp3',
-            'title': '听见下雨的声音',
-            'creator': '周杰伦',
-            'upload_date': '20141225',
-            'timestamp': 1419523200,
-            'description': 'md5:a4d8d89f44656af206b7b2555c0bce6c',
-        },
-        'skip': 'Blocked outside Mainland China',
     }, {
         'note': 'No lyrics.',
         'url': 'http://music.163.com/song?id=17241424',
@@ -103,9 +176,9 @@ class NetEaseMusicIE(NetEaseMusicBaseIE):
             'title': 'Opus 28',
             'creator': 'Dustin O\'Halloran',
             'upload_date': '20080211',
+            'description': 'md5:f12945b0f6e0365e3b73c5032e1b0ff4',
             'timestamp': 1202745600,
         },
-        'skip': 'Blocked outside Mainland China',
     }, {
         'note': 'Has translated name.',
         'url': 'http://music.163.com/#/song?id=22735043',
@@ -119,7 +192,18 @@ class NetEaseMusicIE(NetEaseMusicBaseIE):
             'timestamp': 1264608000,
             'alt_title': '说出愿望吧(Genie)',
         },
-        'skip': 'Blocked outside Mainland China',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://y.music.163.com/m/song?app_version=8.8.45&id=95670&uct2=sKnvS4+0YStsWkqsPhFijw%3D%3D&dlt=0846',
+        'md5': '95826c73ea50b1c288b22180ec9e754d',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '95670',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': '国际歌',
+            'creator': '马备',
+            'upload_date': '19911130',
+            'timestamp': 691516800,
+            'description': 'md5:1ba2f911a2b0aa398479f595224f2141',
+        },
     }]
 
     def _process_lyrics(self, lyrics_info):
@@ -152,7 +236,6 @@ class NetEaseMusicIE(NetEaseMusicBaseIE):
             song_id, 'Downloading song info')['songs'][0]
 
         formats = self.extract_formats(info)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         lyrics_info = self.query_api(
             'song/lyric?id=%s&lv=-1&tv=-1' % song_id,
@@ -328,7 +411,6 @@ class NetEaseMusicMvIE(NetEaseMusicBaseIE):
             {'url': mv_url, 'ext': 'mp4', 'format_id': '%sp' % brs, 'height': int(brs)}
             for brs, mv_url in info['brs'].items()
         ]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': mv_id,
@@ -398,7 +480,6 @@ class NetEaseMusicProgramIE(NetEaseMusicBaseIE):
 
         if not self._yes_playlist(info['songs'] and program_id, info['mainSong']['id']):
             formats = self.extract_formats(info['mainSong'])
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             return {
                 'id': info['mainSong']['id'],
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/netverse.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/netverse.py
index 719a9dabe2..398198a1b0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/netverse.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/netverse.py
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-from .common import InfoExtractor
+import itertools
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
 from .dailymotion import DailymotionIE
 from ..utils import smuggle_url, traverse_obj
 
@@ -16,6 +18,26 @@ class NetverseBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             f'https://api.netverse.id/medias/api/v2/{self._ENDPOINTS[endpoint]}/{slug}/{season_id}',
             display_id or slug, query=query)
 
+    def _get_comments(self, video_id):
+        last_page_number = None
+        for i in itertools.count(1):
+            comment_data = self._download_json(
+                f'https://api.netverse.id/mediadetails/api/v3/videos/comments/{video_id}',
+                video_id, data=b'', fatal=False, query={'page': i},
+                note=f'Downloading JSON comment metadata page {i}') or {}
+            yield from traverse_obj(comment_data, ('response', 'comments', 'data', ..., {
+                'id': '_id',
+                'text': 'comment',
+                'author_id': 'customer_id',
+                'author': ('customer', 'name'),
+                'author_thumbnail': ('customer', 'profile_picture'),
+            }))
+
+            if not last_page_number:
+                last_page_number = traverse_obj(comment_data, ('response', 'comments', 'last_page'))
+            if i >= (last_page_number or 0):
+                break
+
 
 class NetverseIE(NetverseBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?netverse\.id/(?P<type>watch|video)/(?P<display_id>[^/?#&]+)'
@@ -28,7 +50,7 @@ class NetverseIE(NetverseBaseIE):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'season': 'Season 2016',
             'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://s\d+\.dmcdn\.net/v/T7aV31Y0eGRWBbwkK/x1080',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://s\d+\.dmcdn\.net/v/[^/]+/x1080',
             'episode_number': 22,
             'episode': 'Episode 22',
             'uploader_id': 'x2ir3vq',
@@ -51,7 +73,7 @@ class NetverseIE(NetverseBaseIE):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'season': 'Season 2',
             'description': 'md5:8a74f70812cca267e19ee0635f0af835',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://s\d+\.dmcdn\.net/v/Thwuy1YURicFmGu0v/x1080',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://s\d+\.dmcdn\.net/v/[^/]+/x1080',
             'episode_number': 2,
             'episode': 'Episode 2',
             'view_count': int,
@@ -75,7 +97,7 @@ class NetverseIE(NetverseBaseIE):
             'title': 'Tetangga Baru',
             'season': 'Season 1',
             'description': 'md5:23fcf70e97d461d3029d25d59b2ccfb9',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://s\d+\.dmcdn\.net/v/T3Ogm1YEnnyjVKAFF/x1080',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://s\d+\.dmcdn\.net/v/[^/]+/x1080',
             'episode_number': 1,
             'episode': 'Episode 1',
             'timestamp': 1624538169,
@@ -96,7 +118,7 @@ class NetverseIE(NetverseBaseIE):
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'x887jzz',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://s\d+\.dmcdn\.net/v/TfuZ_1Y6PboJ5An_s/x1080',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://s\d+\.dmcdn\.net/v/[^/]+/x1080',
             'season': 'Season 1',
             'episode_number': 1,
             'description': 'md5:d4f627b3e7a3f9acdc55f6cdd5ea41d5',
@@ -114,6 +136,60 @@ class NetverseIE(NetverseBaseIE):
             'upload_date': '20220225',
         },
         'skip': 'This video get Geo-blocked for some country'
+    }, {
+        # video with comments
+        'url': 'https://netverse.id/video/episode-1-season-2016-ok-food',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'k6hetBPiQMljSxxvAy7',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://s\d+\.dmcdn\.net/v/[^/]+/x1080',
+            'display_id': 'episode-1-season-2016-ok-food',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'description': '',
+            'duration': 1471,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'timestamp': 1642405848,
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'season': 'Season 2016',
+            'uploader_id': 'x2ir3vq',
+            'title': 'Episode 1 - Season 2016 - Ok Food',
+            'upload_date': '20220117',
+            'tags': [],
+            'view_count': int,
+            'episode': 'Episode 1',
+            'uploader': 'Net Prime',
+            'comment_count': int,
+        },
+        'params':{
+            'getcomments': True
+        }
+    }, {
+        # video with multiple page comment
+        'url': 'https://netverse.id/video/match-island-eps-1-fix',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'x8aznjc',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': ['Match-Island', 'Pd00111'],
+            'display_id': 'match-island-eps-1-fix',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'episode': 'Episode 1',
+            'uploader': 'Net Prime',
+            'duration': 4070,
+            'timestamp': 1653068165,
+            'description': 'md5:e9cf3b480ad18e9c33b999e3494f223f',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'title': 'Welcome To Match Island',
+            'upload_date': '20220520',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://s\d+\.dmcdn\.net/v/[^/]+/x1080',
+            'uploader_id': 'x2ir3vq',
+            'season': 'Season 1',
+            'comment_count': int,
+        },
+        'params':{
+            'getcomments': True
+        }
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -131,6 +207,7 @@ class NetverseIE(NetverseBaseIE):
             'thumbnail': traverse_obj(videos, ('program_detail', 'thumbnail_image')),
             'description': traverse_obj(videos, ('program_detail', 'description')),
             'episode_number': videos.get('episode_order'),
+            '__post_extractor': self.extract_comments(display_id),
         }
 
 
@@ -174,3 +251,31 @@ class NetversePlaylistIE(NetverseBaseIE):
             self.parse_playlist(playlist_data['response'], playlist_id),
             traverse_obj(playlist_data, ('response', 'webseries_info', 'slug')),
             traverse_obj(playlist_data, ('response', 'webseries_info', 'title')))
+
+
+class NetverseSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor):
+    _SEARCH_KEY = 'netsearch'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'netsearch10:tetangga',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'tetangga',
+            'title': 'tetangga',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 10,
+    }]
+
+    def _search_results(self, query):
+        last_page = None
+        for i in itertools.count(1):
+            search_data = self._download_json(
+                'https://api.netverse.id/search/elastic/search', query,
+                query={'q': query, 'page': i}, note=f'Downloading page {i}')
+
+            videos = traverse_obj(search_data, ('response', 'data', ...))
+            for video in videos:
+                yield self.url_result(f'https://netverse.id/video/{video["slug"]}', NetverseIE)
+
+            last_page = last_page or traverse_obj(search_data, ('response', 'lastpage'))
+            if not videos or i >= (last_page or 0):
+                break
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/netzkino.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/netzkino.py
index 49b29b67cc..9c314e2233 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/netzkino.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/netzkino.py
@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ class NetzkinoIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'url': tpl.replace('{}', film_fn) + suffix[key],
         } for key, tpl in templates.items()]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/newgrounds.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/newgrounds.py
index ba24720e32..9e3286dfe7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/newgrounds.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/newgrounds.py
@@ -172,7 +172,6 @@ class NewgroundsIE(InfoExtractor):
         if video_type_description == 'Audio File':
             formats[0]['vcodec'] = 'none'
         self._check_formats(formats, media_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': media_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/newspicks.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/newspicks.py
index a368ce4e02..b6334dcbaf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/newspicks.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/newspicks.py
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ class NewsPicksIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not entries:
             raise ExtractorError('No HTML5 media elements found')
         info = entries[0]
-        self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
 
         title = self._html_search_meta('og:title', webpage, fatal=False)
         description = self._html_search_meta(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/newstube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/newstube.py
index 20db460573..820eb4ba7f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/newstube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/newstube.py
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ class NewstubeIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats.append(f)
 
         self._check_formats(formats, video_guid)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_guid,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/newsy.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/newsy.py
index 9fde6c0790..a5a7b168cd 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/newsy.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/newsy.py
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ class NewsyIE(InfoExtractor):
             fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(data_json['stream'], display_id)
             formats.extend(fmts)
             subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return merge_dicts(ld_json, {
             'id': data_json['id'],
             'display_id': display_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nextmedia.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nextmedia.py
index 1f83089fc9..0e47a4d45a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nextmedia.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nextmedia.py
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class NextMediaIE(InfoExtractor):
         return self._og_search_property('description', page)
 
 
-class NextMediaActionNewsIE(NextMediaIE):
+class NextMediaActionNewsIE(NextMediaIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_DESC = '蘋果日報 - 動新聞'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://hk\.dv\.nextmedia\.com/actionnews/[^/]+/(?P<date>\d+)/(?P<id>\d+)/\d+'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class NextMediaActionNewsIE(NextMediaIE):
         return self._extract_from_nextmedia_page(news_id, url, article_page)
 
 
-class AppleDailyIE(NextMediaIE):
+class AppleDailyIE(NextMediaIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_DESC = '臺灣蘋果日報'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(www|ent)\.appledaily\.com\.tw/[^/]+/[^/]+/[^/]+/(?P<date>\d+)/(?P<id>\d+)(/.*)?'
     _TESTS = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nexx.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nexx.py
index 69c48652ca..b4874c8f3e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nexx.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nexx.py
@@ -452,8 +452,6 @@ class NexxIE(InfoExtractor):
         else:
             self.raise_no_formats(f'{cdn} formats are currently not supported', video_id)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         subtitles = {}
         for sub in video.get('captiondata') or []:
             if sub.get('data'):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nfb.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nfb.py
index 79c6aaf0cb..38e068af41 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nfb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nfb.py
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ class NFBIE(InfoExtractor):
             player, 'source', default=None, fatal=True)
 
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(source, video_id, ext='mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nfhsnetwork.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nfhsnetwork.py
index e6f98b036a..febad8fdf3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nfhsnetwork.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nfhsnetwork.py
@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ class NFHSNetworkIE(InfoExtractor):
             video_id).get('video_url')
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', live=isLive)
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ['res', 'tbr'])
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -137,5 +136,6 @@ class NFHSNetworkIE(InfoExtractor):
             'uploader_url': uploaderPage,
             'location': location,
             'upload_date': upload_date,
-            'is_live': isLive
+            'is_live': isLive,
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('res', 'tbr'),
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nfl.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nfl.py
index e5810b3464..cc3f4495c1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nfl.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nfl.py
@@ -1,10 +1,18 @@
+import base64
+import json
 import re
+import time
+import uuid
 
+from .anvato import AnvatoIE
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
     clean_html,
     determine_ext,
     get_element_by_class,
+    traverse_obj,
+    urlencode_postdata,
 )
 
 
@@ -53,26 +61,23 @@ class NFLBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                             )
                         )/
                     '''
-    _VIDEO_CONFIG_REGEX = r'<script[^>]+id="[^"]*video-config-[0-9a-f]{8}-(?:[0-9a-f]{4}-){3}[0-9a-f]{12}[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*({.+})'
-    _WORKING = False
+    _VIDEO_CONFIG_REGEX = r'<script[^>]+id="[^"]*video-config-[0-9a-f]{8}-(?:[0-9a-f]{4}-){3}[0-9a-f]{12}[^"]*"[^>]*>\s*({.+});?\s*</script>'
+    _ANVATO_PREFIX = 'anvato:GXvEgwyJeWem8KCYXfeoHWknwP48Mboj:'
 
     def _parse_video_config(self, video_config, display_id):
         video_config = self._parse_json(video_config, display_id)
         item = video_config['playlist'][0]
         mcp_id = item.get('mcpID')
         if mcp_id:
-            info = self.url_result(
-                'anvato:GXvEgwyJeWem8KCYXfeoHWknwP48Mboj:' + mcp_id,
-                'Anvato', mcp_id)
+            info = self.url_result(f'{self._ANVATO_PREFIX}{mcp_id}', AnvatoIE, mcp_id)
         else:
             media_id = item.get('id') or item['entityId']
-            title = item['title']
+            title = item.get('title')
             item_url = item['url']
             info = {'id': media_id}
             ext = determine_ext(item_url)
             if ext == 'm3u8':
                 info['formats'] = self._extract_m3u8_formats(item_url, media_id, 'mp4')
-                self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
             else:
                 info['url'] = item_url
                 if item.get('audio') is True:
@@ -108,6 +113,9 @@ class NFLIE(NFLBaseIE):
             'timestamp': 1608009755,
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
             'uploader': 'NFL',
+            'tags': 'count:6',
+            'duration': 157,
+            'categories': 'count:3',
         }
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.chiefs.com/listen/patrick-mahomes-travis-kelce-react-to-win-over-dolphins-the-breakdown',
@@ -117,7 +125,8 @@ class NFLIE(NFLBaseIE):
             'ext': 'mp3',
             'title': 'Patrick Mahomes, Travis Kelce React to Win Over Dolphins | The Breakdown',
             'description': 'md5:12ada8ee70e6762658c30e223e095075',
-        }
+        },
+        'skip': 'HTTP Error 404: Not Found',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.buffalobills.com/video/buffalo-bills-military-recognition-week-14',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -155,3 +164,138 @@ class NFLArticleIE(NFLBaseIE):
             'nfl-c-article__title', webpage)) or self._html_search_meta(
             ['og:title', 'twitter:title'], webpage)
         return self.playlist_result(entries, display_id, title)
+
+
+class NFLPlusReplayIE(NFLBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'nfl.com:plus:replay'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?nfl.com/plus/games/[\w-]+/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.nfl.com/plus/games/giants-at-vikings-2022-post-1/1572108',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1572108',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'New York Giants at Minnesota Vikings',
+            'description': 'New York Giants play the Minnesota Vikings at U.S. Bank Stadium on January 15, 2023',
+            'uploader': 'NFL',
+            'upload_date': '20230116',
+            'timestamp': 1673864520,
+            'duration': 7157,
+            'categories': ['Game Highlights'],
+            'tags': ['Minnesota Vikings', 'New York Giants', 'Minnesota Vikings vs. New York Giants'],
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        return self.url_result(f'{self._ANVATO_PREFIX}{video_id}', AnvatoIE, video_id)
+
+
+class NFLPlusEpisodeIE(NFLBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'nfl.com:plus:episode'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?nfl.com/plus/episodes/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'note': 'premium content',
+        'url': 'https://www.nfl.com/plus/episodes/kurt-s-qb-insider-conference-championships',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1576832',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Kurt\'s QB Insider: Conference Championships',
+            'description': 'md5:944f7fab56f7a37430bf8473f5473857',
+            'uploader': 'NFL',
+            'upload_date': '20230127',
+            'timestamp': 1674782760,
+            'duration': 730,
+            'categories': ['Analysis'],
+            'tags': ['Cincinnati Bengals at Kansas City Chiefs (2022-POST-3)'],
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }]
+
+    _CLIENT_DATA = {
+        'clientKey': '4cFUW6DmwJpzT9L7LrG3qRAcABG5s04g',
+        'clientSecret': 'CZuvCL49d9OwfGsR',
+        'deviceId': str(uuid.uuid4()),
+        'deviceInfo': base64.b64encode(json.dumps({
+            'model': 'desktop',
+            'version': 'Chrome',
+            'osName': 'Windows',
+            'osVersion': '10.0',
+        }, separators=(',', ':')).encode()).decode(),
+        'networkType': 'other',
+        'nflClaimGroupsToAdd': [],
+        'nflClaimGroupsToRemove': [],
+    }
+    _ACCOUNT_INFO = {}
+    _API_KEY = None
+
+    _TOKEN = None
+    _TOKEN_EXPIRY = 0
+
+    def _get_account_info(self, url, video_id):
+        cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.nfl.com/')
+        login_token = traverse_obj(cookies, (
+            (f'glt_{self._API_KEY}', f'gig_loginToken_{self._API_KEY}',
+             lambda k, _: k.startswith('glt_') or k.startswith('gig_loginToken_')),
+            {lambda x: x.value}), get_all=False)
+        if not login_token:
+            self.raise_login_required()
+
+        account = self._download_json(
+            'https://auth-id.nfl.com/accounts.getAccountInfo', video_id,
+            note='Downloading account info', data=urlencode_postdata({
+                'include': 'profile,data',
+                'lang': 'en',
+                'APIKey': self._API_KEY,
+                'sdk': 'js_latest',
+                'login_token': login_token,
+                'authMode': 'cookie',
+                'pageURL': url,
+                'sdkBuild': traverse_obj(cookies, (
+                    'gig_canary_ver', {lambda x: x.value.partition('-')[0]}), default='13642'),
+                'format': 'json',
+            }), headers={'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'})
+
+        self._ACCOUNT_INFO = traverse_obj(account, {
+            'signatureTimestamp': 'signatureTimestamp',
+            'uid': 'UID',
+            'uidSignature': 'UIDSignature',
+        })
+
+        if len(self._ACCOUNT_INFO) != 3:
+            raise ExtractorError('Failed to retrieve account info with provided cookies', expected=True)
+
+    def _get_auth_token(self, url, video_id):
+        if not self._ACCOUNT_INFO:
+            self._get_account_info(url, video_id)
+
+        token = self._download_json(
+            'https://api.nfl.com/identity/v3/token%s' % (
+                '/refresh' if self._ACCOUNT_INFO.get('refreshToken') else ''),
+            video_id, headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json'}, note='Downloading access token',
+            data=json.dumps({**self._CLIENT_DATA, **self._ACCOUNT_INFO}, separators=(',', ':')).encode())
+
+        self._TOKEN = token['accessToken']
+        self._TOKEN_EXPIRY = token['expiresIn']
+        self._ACCOUNT_INFO['refreshToken'] = token['refreshToken']
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        slug = self._match_id(url)
+
+        if not self._API_KEY:
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, slug, fatal=False) or ''
+            self._API_KEY = self._search_regex(
+                r'window\.gigyaApiKey=["\'](\w+)["\'];', webpage, 'API key',
+                default='3_Qa8TkWpIB8ESCBT8tY2TukbVKgO5F6BJVc7N1oComdwFzI7H2L9NOWdm11i_BY9f')
+
+        if not self._TOKEN or self._TOKEN_EXPIRY <= int(time.time()):
+            self._get_auth_token(url, slug)
+
+        video_id = self._download_json(
+            f'https://api.nfl.com/content/v1/videos/episodes/{slug}', slug, headers={
+                'Authorization': f'Bearer {self._TOKEN}',
+            })['mcpPlaybackId']
+
+        return self.url_result(f'{self._ANVATO_PREFIX}{video_id}', AnvatoIE, video_id)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nhk.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nhk.py
index 60d76d1b11..59702b247e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nhk.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nhk.py
@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ class NhkBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
                 for f in info['formats']:
                     f['language'] = lang
-                self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
             else:
                 info.update({
                     '_type': 'url_transparent',
@@ -240,7 +239,6 @@ class NhkForSchoolBangumiIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             f'https://nhks-vh.akamaihd.net/i/das/{video_id[0:8]}/{video_id}_V_000.f4v/master.m3u8',
             video_id, ext='mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         duration = parse_duration(base_values.get('r_duration'))
 
@@ -321,8 +319,7 @@ class NhkForSchoolProgramListIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(f'https://www.nhk.or.jp/school/{program_id}/', program_id)
 
-        title = (self._og_search_title(webpage)
-                 or self._html_extract_title(webpage)
+        title = (self._generic_title('', webpage)
                  or self._html_search_regex(r'<h3>([^<]+?)とは？\s*</h3>', webpage, 'title', fatal=False))
         title = re.sub(r'\s*\|\s*NHK\s+for\s+School\s*$', '', title) if title else None
         description = self._html_search_regex(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nhl.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nhl.py
index 884f9e2aed..2521c40e08 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nhl.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nhl.py
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ class NHLBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'height': height,
                     'tbr': int_or_none(self._search_regex(r'_(\d+)[kK]', playback_url, 'bitrate', default=None)),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         cuts = video_data.get('image', {}).get('cuts') or []
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nick.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nick.py
index 2a228d8de2..de22cb8d64 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nick.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nick.py
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ class NickDeIE(MTVServicesInfoExtractor):
         return self._remove_template_parameter(config['feedWithQueryParams'])
 
 
-class NickNightIE(NickDeIE):
+class NickNightIE(NickDeIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'nicknight'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)(?P<host>nicknight\.(?:de|at|tv))/(?:playlist|shows)/(?:[^/]+/)*(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/niconico.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/niconico.py
index 82fb27631e..9c3a5a4bc8 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/niconico.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/niconico.py
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ class NiconicoIE(InfoExtractor):
             or self._parse_json(
                 self._html_search_regex(
                     'data-api-data="([^"]+)"',
-                    self._download_webpage('http://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/' + video_id, video_id),
+                    self._download_webpage('https://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/' + video_id, video_id),
                     'API data', default='{}'),
                 video_id))
 
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ class NiconicoIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         try:
             webpage, handle = self._download_webpage_handle(
-                'http://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/' + video_id, video_id)
+                'https://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/' + video_id, video_id)
             if video_id.startswith('so'):
                 video_id = self._match_id(handle.geturl())
 
@@ -425,8 +425,6 @@ class NiconicoIE(InfoExtractor):
             if fmt:
                 formats.append(fmt)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         # Start extracting information
         tags = None
         if webpage:
@@ -557,8 +555,7 @@ class NiconicoPlaylistBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     }
 
     def _call_api(self, list_id, resource, query):
-        "Implement this in child class"
-        pass
+        raise NotImplementedError('Must be implemented in subclasses')
 
     @staticmethod
     def _parse_owner(item):
@@ -678,8 +675,8 @@ class NiconicoSeriesIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 class NiconicoHistoryIE(NiconicoPlaylistBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'niconico:history'
-    IE_DESC = 'NicoNico user history. Requires cookies.'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.|sp\.)?nicovideo\.jp/my/history'
+    IE_DESC = 'NicoNico user history or likes. Requires cookies.'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.|sp\.)?nicovideo\.jp/my/(?P<id>history(?:/like)?)'
 
     _TESTS = [{
         'note': 'PC page, with /video',
@@ -697,23 +694,29 @@ class NiconicoHistoryIE(NiconicoPlaylistBaseIE):
         'note': 'mobile page, without /video',
         'url': 'https://sp.nicovideo.jp/my/history',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'PC page',
+        'url': 'https://www.nicovideo.jp/my/history/like',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Mobile page',
+        'url': 'https://sp.nicovideo.jp/my/history/like',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _call_api(self, list_id, resource, query):
+        path = 'likes' if list_id == 'history/like' else 'watch/history'
         return self._download_json(
-            'https://nvapi.nicovideo.jp/v1/users/me/watch/history', 'history',
-            f'Downloading {resource}', query=query,
-            headers=self._API_HEADERS)['data']
+            f'https://nvapi.nicovideo.jp/v1/users/me/{path}', list_id,
+            f'Downloading {resource}', query=query, headers=self._API_HEADERS)['data']
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        list_id = 'history'
+        list_id = self._match_id(url)
         try:
-            mylist = self._call_api(list_id, 'list', {
-                'pageSize': 1,
-            })
+            mylist = self._call_api(list_id, 'list', {'pageSize': 1})
         except ExtractorError as e:
             if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 401:
-                self.raise_login_required('You have to be logged in to get your watch history')
+                self.raise_login_required('You have to be logged in to get your history')
             raise
         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(list_id), list_id, **self._parse_owner(mylist))
 
@@ -729,7 +732,7 @@ class NicovideoSearchBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             webpage = self._download_webpage(url, item_id, query=query, note=note % {'page': page_num})
             results = re.findall(r'(?<=data-video-id=)["\']?(?P<videoid>.*?)(?=["\'])', webpage)
             for item in results:
-                yield self.url_result(f'http://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/{item}', 'Niconico', item)
+                yield self.url_result(f'https://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/{item}', 'Niconico', item)
             if not results:
                 break
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ninecninemedia.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ninecninemedia.py
index 462caf4663..31df42f4f6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ninecninemedia.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ninecninemedia.py
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ class NineCNineMediaIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
             manifest_base_url + 'mpd', content_id,
             mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for image in (content.get('Images') or []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ninegag.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ninegag.py
index 86e710f2b1..865ad99ac5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ninegag.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ninegag.py
@@ -116,7 +116,6 @@ class NineGagIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'format_id': image_id,
                 })
                 formats.append(common)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         section = traverse_obj(post, ('postSection', 'name'))
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nitter.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nitter.py
index 251bf444fa..5d1ca1f5d0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nitter.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nitter.py
@@ -39,59 +39,99 @@ class NitterIE(InfoExtractor):
     )
 
     HTTP_INSTANCES = (
-        'nitter.42l.fr',
-        'nitter.pussthecat.org',
-        'nitter.nixnet.services',
+        'nitter.lacontrevoie.fr',
         'nitter.fdn.fr',
         'nitter.1d4.us',
         'nitter.kavin.rocks',
         'nitter.unixfox.eu',
         'nitter.domain.glass',
-        'nitter.eu',
         'nitter.namazso.eu',
-        'nitter.actionsack.com',
         'birdsite.xanny.family',
-        'nitter.hu',
-        'twitr.gq',
         'nitter.moomoo.me',
-        'nittereu.moomoo.me',
-        'bird.from.tf',
+        'bird.trom.tf',
         'nitter.it',
         'twitter.censors.us',
-        'twitter.grimneko.de',
-        'nitter.alefvanoon.xyz',
-        'n.hyperborea.cloud',
-        'nitter.ca',
+        'nitter.grimneko.de',
         'twitter.076.ne.jp',
-        'twitter.mstdn.social',
         'nitter.fly.dev',
         'notabird.site',
         'nitter.weiler.rocks',
-        'nitter.silkky.cloud',
         'nitter.sethforprivacy.com',
-        'nttr.stream',
         'nitter.cutelab.space',
         'nitter.nl',
         'nitter.mint.lgbt',
         'nitter.bus-hit.me',
-        'fuckthesacklers.network',
-        'nitter.govt.land',
-        'nitter.datatunnel.xyz',
         'nitter.esmailelbob.xyz',
         'tw.artemislena.eu',
-        'de.nttr.stream',
         'nitter.winscloud.net',
         'nitter.tiekoetter.com',
         'nitter.spaceint.fr',
-        'twtr.bch.bar',
-        'nitter.exonip.de',
-        'nitter.mastodon.pro',
-        'nitter.notraxx.ch',
-
-
-        # not in the list anymore
-        'nitter.skrep.in',
-        'nitter.snopyta.org',
+        'nitter.privacy.com.de',
+        'nitter.poast.org',
+        'nitter.bird.froth.zone',
+        'nitter.dcs0.hu',
+        'twitter.dr460nf1r3.org',
+        'nitter.garudalinux.org',
+        'twitter.femboy.hu',
+        'nitter.cz',
+        'nitter.privacydev.net',
+        'nitter.evil.site',
+        'tweet.lambda.dance',
+        'nitter.kylrth.com',
+        'nitter.foss.wtf',
+        'nitter.priv.pw',
+        'nitter.tokhmi.xyz',
+        'nitter.catalyst.sx',
+        'unofficialbird.com',
+        'nitter.projectsegfau.lt',
+        'nitter.eu.projectsegfau.lt',
+        'singapore.unofficialbird.com',
+        'canada.unofficialbird.com',
+        'india.unofficialbird.com',
+        'nederland.unofficialbird.com',
+        'uk.unofficialbird.com',
+        'n.l5.ca',
+        'nitter.slipfox.xyz',
+        'nitter.soopy.moe',
+        'nitter.qwik.space',
+        'read.whatever.social',
+        'nitter.rawbit.ninja',
+        'nt.vern.cc',
+        'ntr.odyssey346.dev',
+        'nitter.ir',
+        'nitter.privacytools.io',
+        'nitter.sneed.network',
+        'n.sneed.network',
+        'nitter.manasiwibi.com',
+        'nitter.smnz.de',
+        'nitter.twei.space',
+        'nitter.inpt.fr',
+        'nitter.d420.de',
+        'nitter.caioalonso.com',
+        'nitter.at',
+        'nitter.drivet.xyz',
+        'nitter.pw',
+        'nitter.nicfab.eu',
+        'bird.habedieeh.re',
+        'nitter.hostux.net',
+        'nitter.adminforge.de',
+        'nitter.platypush.tech',
+        'nitter.mask.sh',
+        'nitter.pufe.org',
+        'nitter.us.projectsegfau.lt',
+        'nitter.arcticfoxes.net',
+        't.com.sb',
+        'nitter.kling.gg',
+        'nitter.ktachibana.party',
+        'nitter.riverside.rocks',
+        'nitter.girlboss.ceo',
+        'nitter.lunar.icu',
+        'twitter.moe.ngo',
+        'nitter.freedit.eu',
+        'ntr.frail.duckdns.org',
+        'nitter.librenode.org',
+        'n.opnxng.com',
+        'nitter.plus.st',
     )
 
     DEAD_INSTANCES = (
@@ -117,6 +157,32 @@ class NitterIE(InfoExtractor):
         'nitter.weaponizedhumiliation.com',
         'nitter.vxempire.xyz',
         'tweet.lambda.dance',
+        'nitter.ca',
+        'nitter.42l.fr',
+        'nitter.pussthecat.org',
+        'nitter.nixnet.services',
+        'nitter.eu',
+        'nitter.actionsack.com',
+        'nitter.hu',
+        'twitr.gq',
+        'nittereu.moomoo.me',
+        'bird.from.tf',
+        'twitter.grimneko.de',
+        'nitter.alefvanoon.xyz',
+        'n.hyperborea.cloud',
+        'twitter.mstdn.social',
+        'nitter.silkky.cloud',
+        'nttr.stream',
+        'fuckthesacklers.network',
+        'nitter.govt.land',
+        'nitter.datatunnel.xyz',
+        'de.nttr.stream',
+        'twtr.bch.bar',
+        'nitter.exonip.de',
+        'nitter.mastodon.pro',
+        'nitter.notraxx.ch',
+        'nitter.skrep.in',
+        'nitter.snopyta.org',
     )
 
     INSTANCES = NON_HTTP_INSTANCES + HTTP_INSTANCES + DEAD_INSTANCES
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/njpwworld.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/njpwworld.py
index e761cf257c..7b8a526f02 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/njpwworld.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/njpwworld.py
@@ -69,8 +69,6 @@ class NJPWWorldIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats += self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                 player_url, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native', m3u8_id=kind, fatal=False, quality=int(kind == 'high'))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         tag_block = get_element_by_class('tag-block', webpage)
         tags = re.findall(
             r'<a[^>]+class="tag-[^"]+"[^>]*>([^<]+)</a>', tag_block
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nobelprize.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nobelprize.py
index 35b64530f8..1aa9705be4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nobelprize.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nobelprize.py
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ class NobelPrizeIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.append({
                     'url': source_src,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/noice.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/noice.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e6e343303a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/noice.py
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    clean_html,
+    determine_ext,
+    int_or_none,
+    parse_iso8601,
+    traverse_obj,
+    variadic,
+)
+
+
+class NoicePodcastIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://open\.noice\.id/content/(?P<id>[a-fA-F0-9-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://open.noice.id/content/7694bb04-ff0f-40fa-a60b-5b39f29584b2',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '7694bb04-ff0f-40fa-a60b-5b39f29584b2',
+            'ext': 'm4a',
+            'season': 'Season 1',
+            'description': 'md5:58d1274e6857b6fbbecf47075885380d',
+            'release_date': '20221115',
+            'timestamp': 1668496642,
+            'season_number': 1,
+            'upload_date': '20221115',
+            'release_timestamp': 1668496642,
+            'title': 'Eps 1. Belajar dari Wishnutama: Kreatif Bukan Followers! (bersama Wishnutama)',
+            'modified_date': '20221121',
+            'categories': ['Bisnis dan Keuangan'],
+            'duration': 3567,
+            'modified_timestamp': 1669030647,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://images.noiceid.cc/catalog/content-1668496302560',
+            'channel_id': '9dab1024-5b92-4265-ae1c-63da87359832',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'channel': 'Noice Space Talks',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://open.noice.id/content/222134e4-99f2-456f-b8a2-b8be404bf063',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '222134e4-99f2-456f-b8a2-b8be404bf063',
+            'ext': 'm4a',
+            'release_timestamp': 1653488220,
+            'description': 'md5:35074f6190cef52b05dd133bb2ef460e',
+            'upload_date': '20220525',
+            'timestamp': 1653460637,
+            'release_date': '20220525',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://images.noiceid.cc/catalog/content-1653460337625',
+            'title': 'Eps 1: Dijodohin Sama Anak Pak RT',
+            'modified_timestamp': 1669030647,
+            'season_number': 1,
+            'modified_date': '20221121',
+            'categories': ['Cerita dan Drama'],
+            'duration': 1830,
+            'season': 'Season 1',
+            'channel_id': '60193f6b-d24d-4b23-913b-ceed5a731e74',
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'channel': 'Dear Jerome',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _get_formats_and_subtitles(self, media_url, video_id):
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+        for url in variadic(media_url):
+            ext = determine_ext(url)
+            if ext == 'm3u8':
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(url, video_id)
+                formats.extend(fmts)
+                self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+            else:
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': url,
+                    'ext': 'mp3',
+                    'vcodec': 'none',
+                    'acodec': 'mp3',
+                })
+        return formats, subtitles
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        nextjs_data = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, display_id)['props']['pageProps']['contentDetails']
+
+        media_url_list = traverse_obj(nextjs_data, (('rawContentUrl', 'url'), ))
+        formats, subtitles = self._get_formats_and_subtitles(media_url_list, display_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': nextjs_data.get('id') or display_id,
+            'title': nextjs_data.get('title') or self._html_search_meta('og:title', webpage),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'description': (nextjs_data.get('description') or clean_html(nextjs_data.get('htmlDescription'))
+                            or self._html_search_meta(['description', 'og:description'], webpage)),
+            'thumbnail': nextjs_data.get('image') or self._html_search_meta('og:image', webpage),
+            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(nextjs_data.get('createdAt')),
+            'release_timestamp': parse_iso8601(nextjs_data.get('publishedAt')),
+            'modified_timestamp': parse_iso8601(
+                nextjs_data.get('updatedAt') or self._html_search_meta('og:updated_time', webpage)),
+            'duration': int_or_none(nextjs_data.get('duration')),
+            'categories': traverse_obj(nextjs_data, ('genres', ..., 'name')),
+            'season': nextjs_data.get('seasonName'),
+            'season_number': int_or_none(nextjs_data.get('seasonNumber')),
+            'channel': traverse_obj(nextjs_data, ('catalog', 'title')),
+            'channel_id': traverse_obj(nextjs_data, ('catalog', 'id'), 'catalogId'),
+            **traverse_obj(nextjs_data, ('meta', 'aggregations', {
+                'like_count': 'likes',
+                'dislike_count': 'dislikes',
+                'comment_count': 'comments',
+                'channel_follower_count': 'followers',
+            }))
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/noodlemagazine.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/noodlemagazine.py
index 3e04da67e8..e6208956fb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/noodlemagazine.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/noodlemagazine.py
@@ -47,8 +47,6 @@ class NoodleMagazineIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': source.get('type'),
         } for source in playlist_info.get('sources')]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nosnl.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nosnl.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cea54c98e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nosnl.py
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import parse_duration, parse_iso8601, traverse_obj
+
+
+class NOSNLArticleIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://nos\.nl/(?P<type>video|(\w+/)?\w+)/?\d+-(?P<display_id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [
+        {
+            # only 1 video
+            'url': 'https://nos.nl/nieuwsuur/artikel/2440353-verzakking-door-droogte-dreigt-tot-een-miljoen-kwetsbare-huizen',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '2440340',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'description': 'md5:5f83185d902ac97af3af4bed7ece3db5',
+                'title': '\'We hebben een huis vol met scheuren\'',
+                'duration': 95.0,
+                'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2022/08/12/887149/3840x2160a.jpg',
+            }
+        }, {
+            # more than 1 video
+            'url': 'https://nos.nl/artikel/2440409-vannacht-sliepen-weer-enkele-honderden-asielzoekers-in-ter-apel-buiten',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '2440409',
+                'title': 'Vannacht sliepen weer enkele honderden asielzoekers in Ter Apel buiten',
+                'description': 'md5:72b1e1674d798460e79d78fa37e9f56d',
+                'tags': ['aanmeldcentrum', 'Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers', 'COA', 'asielzoekers', 'Ter Apel'],
+                'modified_timestamp': 1660452773,
+                'modified_date': '20220814',
+                'upload_date': '20220813',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2022/07/18/880346/1024x576a.jpg',
+                'timestamp': 1660401384,
+                'categories': ['Regionaal nieuws', 'Binnenland'],
+            },
+            'playlist_count': 2,
+        }, {
+            # audio + video
+            'url': 'https://nos.nl/artikel/2440789-wekdienst-16-8-groningse-acties-tien-jaar-na-zware-aardbeving-femke-bol-in-actie-op-ek-atletiek',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '2440789',
+                'title': 'Wekdienst 16/8: Groningse acties tien jaar na zware aardbeving • Femke Bol in actie op EK atletiek ',
+                'description': 'md5:0bd277ed7a44fc15cb12a9d27d8f6641',
+                'tags': ['wekdienst'],
+                'modified_date': '20220816',
+                'modified_timestamp': 1660625449,
+                'timestamp': 1660625449,
+                'upload_date': '20220816',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2022/08/16/888178/1024x576a.jpg',
+                'categories': ['Binnenland', 'Buitenland'],
+            },
+            'playlist_count': 2,
+        }, {
+            # video url
+            'url': 'https://nos.nl/video/2452718-xi-en-trudeau-botsen-voor-de-camera-op-g20-top-je-hebt-gelekt',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '2452718',
+                'title': 'Xi en Trudeau botsen voor de camera op G20-top: \'Je hebt gelekt\'',
+                'modified_date': '20221117',
+                'description': 'md5:61907dac576f75c11bf8ffffd4a3cc0f',
+                'tags': ['Xi', 'Trudeau', 'G20', 'indonesié'],
+                'upload_date': '20221117',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2022/11/17/916155/1024x576a.jpg',
+                'modified_timestamp': 1668663388,
+                'timestamp': 1668663388,
+                'categories': ['Buitenland'],
+            },
+            'playlist_mincount': 1,
+        }
+    ]
+
+    def _entries(self, nextjs_json, display_id):
+        for item in nextjs_json:
+            if item.get('type') == 'video':
+                formats, subtitle = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                    traverse_obj(item, ('source', 'url')), display_id, ext='mp4')
+                yield {
+                    'id': str(item['id']),
+                    'title': item.get('title'),
+                    'description': item.get('description'),
+                    'formats': formats,
+                    'subtitles': subtitle,
+                    'duration': parse_duration(item.get('duration')),
+                    'thumbnails': [{
+                        'url': traverse_obj(image, ('url', ...), get_all=False),
+                        'width': image.get('width'),
+                        'height': image.get('height')
+                    } for image in traverse_obj(item, ('imagesByRatio', ...))[0]],
+                }
+
+            elif item.get('type') == 'audio':
+                yield {
+                    'id': str(item['id']),
+                    'title': item.get('title'),
+                    'url': traverse_obj(item, ('media', 'src')),
+                    'ext': 'mp3',
+                }
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        site_type, display_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('type', 'display_id')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        nextjs_json = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, display_id)['props']['pageProps']['data']
+        return {
+            '_type': 'playlist',
+            'entries': self._entries(
+                [nextjs_json['video']] if site_type == 'video' else nextjs_json['items'], display_id),
+            'id': str(nextjs_json['id']),
+            'title': nextjs_json.get('title') or self._html_search_meta(['title', 'og:title', 'twitter:title'], webpage),
+            'description': (nextjs_json.get('description')
+                            or self._html_search_meta(['description', 'twitter:description', 'og:description'], webpage)),
+            'tags': nextjs_json.get('keywords'),
+            'modified_timestamp': parse_iso8601(nextjs_json.get('modifiedAt')),
+            'thumbnail': nextjs_json.get('shareImageSrc') or self._html_search_meta(['og:image', 'twitter:image'], webpage),
+            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(nextjs_json.get('publishedAt')),
+            'categories': traverse_obj(nextjs_json, ('categories', ..., 'label')),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nova.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nova.py
index 6875d26ba5..8bd3fd4725 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nova.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nova.py
@@ -123,7 +123,6 @@ class NovaEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         if not formats and has_drm:
             self.report_drm(video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._og_search_title(
             webpage, default=None) or self._search_regex(
@@ -308,7 +307,6 @@ class NovaIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats = [{
                 'url': video_url,
             }]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = mediafile.get('meta', {}).get('title') or self._og_search_title(webpage)
         thumbnail = config.get('poster')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/novaplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/novaplay.py
index 152b93bd4c..92d1d136c7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/novaplay.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/novaplay.py
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ class NovaPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'Authorization': f'Bearer {self._access_token}'
             })[0]['links']['play']['href']
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/noz.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/noz.py
index b42a56f7e3..59d259f9df 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/noz.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/noz.py
@@ -71,7 +71,6 @@ class NozIE(InfoExtractor):
                     formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                         m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native',
                         m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/npo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/npo.py
index 0b5f32c2e8..40fee24d05 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/npo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/npo.py
@@ -1,36 +1,22 @@
+import random
 import re
+import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..compat import (
-    compat_HTTPError,
-    compat_str,
-)
 from ..utils import (
     determine_ext,
-    ExtractorError,
-    fix_xml_ampersands,
     int_or_none,
     merge_dicts,
     orderedSet,
-    parse_duration,
-    qualities,
     str_or_none,
-    strip_jsonp,
-    unified_strdate,
+    try_call,
     unified_timestamp,
     url_or_none,
     urlencode_postdata,
 )
 
 
-class NPOBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
-    def _get_token(self, video_id):
-        return self._download_json(
-            'http://ida.omroep.nl/app.php/auth', video_id,
-            note='Downloading token')['token']
-
-
-class NPOIE(NPOBaseIE):
+class NPOIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'npo'
     IE_DESC = 'npo.nl, ntr.nl, omroepwnl.nl, zapp.nl and npo3.nl'
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
@@ -58,6 +44,7 @@ class NPOIE(NPOBaseIE):
             'description': 'Dagelijks tussen tien en elf: nieuws, sport en achtergronden.',
             'upload_date': '20140622',
         },
+        'skip': 'Video was removed',
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.npo.nl/de-mega-mike-mega-thomas-show/27-02-2009/VARA_101191800',
         'md5': 'da50a5787dbfc1603c4ad80f31c5120b',
@@ -69,29 +56,41 @@ class NPOIE(NPOBaseIE):
             'upload_date': '20090227',
             'duration': 2400,
         },
+        'skip': 'Video was removed',
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.npo.nl/tegenlicht/25-02-2013/VPWON_1169289',
-        'md5': 'f8065e4e5a7824068ed3c7e783178f2c',
+        'md5': '1b279c0547f6b270e014c576415268c5',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'VPWON_1169289',
-            'ext': 'm4v',
-            'title': 'Tegenlicht: Zwart geld. De toekomst komt uit Afrika',
-            'description': 'md5:52cf4eefbc96fffcbdc06d024147abea',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Zwart geld: de toekomst komt uit Afrika',
+            'description': 'md5:dffaf3d628a9c36f78ca48d834246261',
             'upload_date': '20130225',
             'duration': 3000,
+            'creator': 'NED2',
+            'series': 'Tegenlicht',
+            'timestamp': 1361822340,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://images.npo.nl/tile/1280x720/142854.jpg',
+            'episode': 'Zwart geld: de toekomst komt uit Afrika',
+            'episode_number': 18,
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.npo.nl/de-nieuwe-mens-deel-1/21-07-2010/WO_VPRO_043706',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'WO_VPRO_043706',
-            'ext': 'm4v',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'De nieuwe mens - Deel 1',
             'description': 'md5:518ae51ba1293ffb80d8d8ce90b74e4b',
             'duration': 4680,
+            'episode': 'De nieuwe mens - Deel 1',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://images.npo.nl/tile/1280x720/6289.jpg',
+            'timestamp': 1279716057,
+            'series': 'De nieuwe mens - Deel 1',
+            'upload_date': '20100721',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
-        }
+        },
     }, {
         # non asf in streams
         'url': 'http://www.npo.nl/hoe-gaat-europa-verder-na-parijs/10-01-2015/WO_NOS_762771',
@@ -102,20 +101,25 @@ class NPOIE(NPOBaseIE):
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
-        }
+        },
+        'skip': 'Video was removed',
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.ntr.nl/Aap-Poot-Pies/27/detail/Aap-poot-pies/VPWON_1233944#content',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'VPWON_1233944',
-            'ext': 'm4v',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Aap, poot, pies',
-            'description': 'md5:c9c8005d1869ae65b858e82c01a91fde',
+            'description': 'md5:4b46b1b9553b4c036a04d2a532a137e6',
             'upload_date': '20150508',
             'duration': 599,
+            'episode': 'Aap, poot, pies',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://images.poms.omroep.nl/image/s1280/c1280x720/608118.jpg',
+            'timestamp': 1431064200,
+            'series': 'Aap, poot, pies',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
-        }
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.omroepwnl.nl/video/fragment/vandaag-de-dag-verkiezingen__POMS_WNL_853698',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -128,7 +132,8 @@ class NPOIE(NPOBaseIE):
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
-        }
+        },
+        'skip': 'Video was removed',
     }, {
         # audio
         'url': 'http://www.npo.nl/jouw-stad-rotterdam/29-01-2017/RBX_FUNX_6683215/RBX_FUNX_7601437',
@@ -140,7 +145,8 @@ class NPOIE(NPOBaseIE):
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
-        }
+        },
+        'skip': 'Video was removed',
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.zapp.nl/de-bzt-show/gemist/KN_1687547',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -169,6 +175,25 @@ class NPOIE(NPOBaseIE):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://npo.nl/KN_1698996',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.npo3.nl/the-genius/21-11-2022/VPWON_1341105',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'VPWON_1341105',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'duration': 2658,
+            'series': 'The Genius',
+            'description': 'md5:db02f1456939ca63f7c408f858044e94',
+            'title': 'The Genius',
+            'timestamp': 1669062000,
+            'creator': 'NED3',
+            'episode': 'The Genius',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://images.npo.nl/tile/1280x720/1827650.jpg',
+            'episode_number': 8,
+            'upload_date': '20221121',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
     }]
 
     @classmethod
@@ -179,25 +204,32 @@ class NPOIE(NPOBaseIE):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        return self._get_info(url, video_id) or self._get_old_info(video_id)
-
-    def _get_info(self, url, video_id):
-        token = self._download_json(
-            'https://www.npostart.nl/api/token', video_id,
-            'Downloading token', headers={
-                'Referer': url,
-                'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
-            })['token']
-
-        player = self._download_json(
-            'https://www.npostart.nl/player/%s' % video_id, video_id,
-            'Downloading player JSON', data=urlencode_postdata({
-                'autoplay': 0,
-                'share': 1,
-                'pageUrl': url,
-                'hasAdConsent': 0,
-                '_token': token,
-            }))
+        if urllib.parse.urlparse(url).netloc in ['www.ntr.nl', 'ntr.nl']:
+            player = self._download_json(
+                f'https://www.ntr.nl/ajax/player/embed/{video_id}', video_id,
+                'Downloading player JSON', query={
+                    'parameters[elementId]': f'npo{random.randint(0, 999)}',
+                    'parameters[sterReferralUrl]': url,
+                    'parameters[autoplay]': 0,
+                })
+        else:
+            self._request_webpage(
+                'https://www.npostart.nl/api/token', video_id,
+                'Downloading token', headers={
+                    'Referer': url,
+                    'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
+                })
+            player = self._download_json(
+                f'https://www.npostart.nl/player/{video_id}', video_id,
+                'Downloading player JSON', data=urlencode_postdata({
+                    'autoplay': 0,
+                    'share': 1,
+                    'pageUrl': url,
+                    'hasAdConsent': 0,
+                }), headers={
+                    'x-xsrf-token': try_call(lambda: urllib.parse.unquote(
+                        self._get_cookies('https://www.npostart.nl')['XSRF-TOKEN'].value))
+                })
 
         player_token = player['token']
 
@@ -210,7 +242,7 @@ class NPOIE(NPOBaseIE):
                 video_id, 'Downloading %s profile JSON' % profile, fatal=False,
                 query={
                     'profile': profile,
-                    'quality': 'npo',
+                    'quality': 'npoplus',
                     'tokenId': player_token,
                     'streamType': 'broadcast',
                 })
@@ -247,8 +279,6 @@ class NPOIE(NPOBaseIE):
             if not self.get_param('allow_unplayable_formats') and drm:
                 self.report_drm(video_id)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         info = {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': video_id,
@@ -293,190 +323,8 @@ class NPOIE(NPOBaseIE):
 
         return info
 
-    def _get_old_info(self, video_id):
-        metadata = self._download_json(
-            'http://e.omroep.nl/metadata/%s' % video_id,
-            video_id,
-            # We have to remove the javascript callback
-            transform_source=strip_jsonp,
-        )
 
-        error = metadata.get('error')
-        if error:
-            raise ExtractorError(error, expected=True)
-
-        # For some videos actual video id (prid) is different (e.g. for
-        # http://www.omroepwnl.nl/video/fragment/vandaag-de-dag-verkiezingen__POMS_WNL_853698
-        # video id is POMS_WNL_853698 but prid is POW_00996502)
-        video_id = metadata.get('prid') or video_id
-
-        # titel is too generic in some cases so utilize aflevering_titel as well
-        # when available (e.g. http://tegenlicht.vpro.nl/afleveringen/2014-2015/access-to-africa.html)
-        title = metadata['titel']
-        sub_title = metadata.get('aflevering_titel')
-        if sub_title and sub_title != title:
-            title += ': %s' % sub_title
-
-        token = self._get_token(video_id)
-
-        formats = []
-        urls = set()
-
-        def is_legal_url(format_url):
-            return format_url and format_url not in urls and re.match(
-                r'^(?:https?:)?//', format_url)
-
-        QUALITY_LABELS = ('Laag', 'Normaal', 'Hoog')
-        QUALITY_FORMATS = ('adaptive', 'wmv_sb', 'h264_sb', 'wmv_bb', 'h264_bb', 'wvc1_std', 'h264_std')
-
-        quality_from_label = qualities(QUALITY_LABELS)
-        quality_from_format_id = qualities(QUALITY_FORMATS)
-        items = self._download_json(
-            'http://ida.omroep.nl/app.php/%s' % video_id, video_id,
-            'Downloading formats JSON', query={
-                'adaptive': 'yes',
-                'token': token,
-            })['items'][0]
-        for num, item in enumerate(items):
-            item_url = item.get('url')
-            if not is_legal_url(item_url):
-                continue
-            urls.add(item_url)
-            format_id = self._search_regex(
-                r'video/ida/([^/]+)', item_url, 'format id',
-                default=None)
-
-            item_label = item.get('label')
-
-            def add_format_url(format_url):
-                width = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
-                    r'(\d+)[xX]\d+', format_url, 'width', default=None))
-                height = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
-                    r'\d+[xX](\d+)', format_url, 'height', default=None))
-                if item_label in QUALITY_LABELS:
-                    quality = quality_from_label(item_label)
-                    f_id = item_label
-                elif item_label in QUALITY_FORMATS:
-                    quality = quality_from_format_id(format_id)
-                    f_id = format_id
-                else:
-                    quality, f_id = [None] * 2
-                formats.append({
-                    'url': format_url,
-                    'format_id': f_id,
-                    'width': width,
-                    'height': height,
-                    'quality': quality,
-                })
-
-            # Example: http://www.npo.nl/de-nieuwe-mens-deel-1/21-07-2010/WO_VPRO_043706
-            if item.get('contentType') in ('url', 'audio'):
-                add_format_url(item_url)
-                continue
-
-            try:
-                stream_info = self._download_json(
-                    item_url + '&type=json', video_id,
-                    'Downloading %s stream JSON'
-                    % item_label or item.get('format') or format_id or num)
-            except ExtractorError as ee:
-                if isinstance(ee.cause, compat_HTTPError) and ee.cause.code == 404:
-                    error = (self._parse_json(
-                        ee.cause.read().decode(), video_id,
-                        fatal=False) or {}).get('errorstring')
-                    if error:
-                        raise ExtractorError(error, expected=True)
-                raise
-            # Stream URL instead of JSON, example: npo:LI_NL1_4188102
-            if isinstance(stream_info, compat_str):
-                if not stream_info.startswith('http'):
-                    continue
-                video_url = stream_info
-            # JSON
-            else:
-                video_url = stream_info.get('url')
-            if not video_url or 'vodnotavailable.' in video_url or video_url in urls:
-                continue
-            urls.add(video_url)
-            if determine_ext(video_url) == 'm3u8':
-                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                    video_url, video_id, ext='mp4',
-                    entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-            else:
-                add_format_url(video_url)
-
-        is_live = metadata.get('medium') == 'live'
-
-        if not is_live:
-            for num, stream in enumerate(metadata.get('streams', [])):
-                stream_url = stream.get('url')
-                if not is_legal_url(stream_url):
-                    continue
-                urls.add(stream_url)
-                # smooth streaming is not supported
-                stream_type = stream.get('type', '').lower()
-                if stream_type in ['ss', 'ms']:
-                    continue
-                if stream_type == 'hds':
-                    f4m_formats = self._extract_f4m_formats(
-                        stream_url, video_id, fatal=False)
-                    # f4m downloader downloads only piece of live stream
-                    for f4m_format in f4m_formats:
-                        f4m_format['preference'] = -5
-                    formats.extend(f4m_formats)
-                elif stream_type == 'hls':
-                    formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                        stream_url, video_id, ext='mp4', fatal=False))
-                # Example: http://www.npo.nl/de-nieuwe-mens-deel-1/21-07-2010/WO_VPRO_043706
-                elif '.asf' in stream_url:
-                    asx = self._download_xml(
-                        stream_url, video_id,
-                        'Downloading stream %d ASX playlist' % num,
-                        transform_source=fix_xml_ampersands, fatal=False)
-                    if not asx:
-                        continue
-                    ref = asx.find('./ENTRY/Ref')
-                    if ref is None:
-                        continue
-                    video_url = ref.get('href')
-                    if not video_url or video_url in urls:
-                        continue
-                    urls.add(video_url)
-                    formats.append({
-                        'url': video_url,
-                        'ext': stream.get('formaat', 'asf'),
-                        'quality': stream.get('kwaliteit'),
-                        'preference': -10,
-                    })
-                else:
-                    formats.append({
-                        'url': stream_url,
-                        'quality': stream.get('kwaliteit'),
-                    })
-
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        subtitles = {}
-        if metadata.get('tt888') == 'ja':
-            subtitles['nl'] = [{
-                'ext': 'vtt',
-                'url': 'http://tt888.omroep.nl/tt888/%s' % video_id,
-            }]
-
-        return {
-            'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': metadata.get('info'),
-            'thumbnail': metadata.get('images', [{'url': None}])[-1]['url'],
-            'upload_date': unified_strdate(metadata.get('gidsdatum')),
-            'duration': parse_duration(metadata.get('tijdsduur')),
-            'formats': formats,
-            'subtitles': subtitles,
-            'is_live': is_live,
-        }
-
-
-class NPOLiveIE(NPOBaseIE):
+class NPOLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'npo.nl:live'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?npo(?:start)?\.nl/live(?:/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+))?'
 
@@ -599,7 +447,7 @@ class NPORadioFragmentIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
-class NPODataMidEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
+class NPODataMidEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):  # XXX: Conventionally, base classes should end with BaseIE/InfoExtractor
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         display_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
@@ -653,7 +501,7 @@ class HetKlokhuisIE(NPODataMidEmbedIE):
     }
 
 
-class NPOPlaylistBaseIE(NPOIE):
+class NPOPlaylistBaseIE(NPOIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/npr.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/npr.py
index e677e862d5..4b6855c93f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/npr.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/npr.py
@@ -121,8 +121,6 @@ class NprIE(InfoExtractor):
                 m3u8_url = traverse_obj(list(raw_json_ld), (..., 'subjectOf', ..., 'embedUrl'), get_all=False)
                 formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, media_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
 
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
-
             entries.append({
                 'id': media_id,
                 'title': media.get('title', {}).get('$text') or playlist_title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nrk.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nrk.py
index fcbafe4188..88d08e5e3a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nrk.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nrk.py
@@ -58,8 +58,7 @@ class NRKBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         return self._download_json(
             urljoin('https://psapi.nrk.no/', path),
             video_id, note or 'Downloading %s JSON' % item,
-            fatal=fatal, query=query,
-            headers={'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br'})
+            fatal=fatal, query=query)
 
 
 class NRKIE(NRKBaseIE):
@@ -181,7 +180,6 @@ class NRKIE(NRKBaseIE):
                     'format_id': asset_format,
                     'vcodec': 'none',
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         data = call_playback_api('metadata')
 
@@ -736,7 +734,7 @@ class NRKTVSeriesIE(NRKTVSerieBaseIE):
             entries, series_id, titles.get('title'), titles.get('subtitle'))
 
 
-class NRKTVDirekteIE(NRKTVIE):
+class NRKTVDirekteIE(NRKTVIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_DESC = 'NRK TV Direkte and NRK Radio Direkte'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:tv|radio)\.nrk\.no/direkte/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ntvde.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ntvde.py
index d252ced866..6d7ea3d184 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ntvde.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ntvde.py
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ class NTVDeIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                 m3u8_url, video_id, ext='mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
                 quality=1, m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ntvru.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ntvru.py
index c8df110e80..91b7724eb4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ntvru.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ntvru.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ class NTVRuIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': 'Командующий Черноморским флотом провел переговоры в штабе ВМС Украины',
             'thumbnail': r're:^http://.*\.jpg',
             'duration': 136,
+            'view_count': int,
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.ntv.ru/video/novosti/750370/',
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ class NTVRuIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': 'Родные пассажиров пропавшего Boeing не верят в трагический исход',
             'thumbnail': r're:^http://.*\.jpg',
             'duration': 172,
+            'view_count': int,
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.ntv.ru/peredacha/segodnya/m23700/o232416',
@@ -43,6 +45,7 @@ class NTVRuIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': '«Сегодня». 21 марта 2014 года. 16:00',
             'thumbnail': r're:^http://.*\.jpg',
             'duration': 1496,
+            'view_count': int,
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.ntv.ru/kino/Koma_film/m70281/o336036/video/',
@@ -54,6 +57,7 @@ class NTVRuIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': 'Остросюжетный фильм «Кома»',
             'thumbnail': r're:^http://.*\.jpg',
             'duration': 5592,
+            'view_count': int,
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.ntv.ru/serial/Delo_vrachey/m31760/o233916/',
@@ -65,6 +69,7 @@ class NTVRuIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': '«Дело врачей»: «Деревце жизни»',
             'thumbnail': r're:^http://.*\.jpg',
             'duration': 2590,
+            'view_count': int,
         },
     }, {
         # Schemeless file URL
@@ -115,7 +120,14 @@ class NTVRuIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': file_,
                 'filesize': int_or_none(xpath_text(video, './%ssize' % format_id)),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        hls_manifest = xpath_text(video, './playback/hls')
+        if hls_manifest:
+            formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                hls_manifest, video_id, m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
+        dash_manifest = xpath_text(video, './playback/dash')
+        if dash_manifest:
+            formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
+                dash_manifest, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
 
         return {
             'id': xpath_text(video, './id'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nubilesporn.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nubilesporn.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d4f1d9d67a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nubilesporn.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import re
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    clean_html,
+    float_or_none,
+    format_field,
+    get_element_by_class,
+    get_element_by_id,
+    get_element_html_by_class,
+    get_elements_by_class,
+    int_or_none,
+    try_call,
+    unified_timestamp,
+    urlencode_postdata,
+)
+
+
+class NubilesPornIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'nubiles-porn'
+    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
+        https://members.nubiles-porn.com/video/watch/(?P<id>\d+)
+        (?:/(?P<display_id>[\w\-]+-s(?P<season>\d+)e(?P<episode>\d+)))?
+    '''
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://members.nubiles-porn.com/video/watch/165320/trying-to-focus-my-one-track-mind-s3e1',
+        'md5': 'fa7f09da8027c35e4bdf0f94f55eac82',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '165320',
+            'title': 'Trying To Focus My One Track Mind - S3:E1',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'display_id': 'trying-to-focus-my-one-track-mind-s3e1',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://images.nubiles-porn.com/videos/trying_to_focus_my_one_track_mind/samples/cover1280.jpg',
+            'description': 'md5:81f3d4372e0e39bff5c801da277a5141',
+            'timestamp': 1676160000,
+            'upload_date': '20230212',
+            'channel': 'Younger Mommy',
+            'channel_id': '64',
+            'channel_url': 'https://members.nubiles-porn.com/video/website/64',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'average_rating': float,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'categories': ['Big Boobs', 'Big Naturals', 'Blowjob', 'Brunette', 'Cowgirl', 'Girl Orgasm', 'Girl-Boy',
+                           'Glasses', 'Hardcore', 'Milf', 'Shaved Pussy', 'Tattoos', 'YoungerMommy.com'],
+            'tags': list,
+            'cast': ['Kenzie Love'],
+            'availability': 'needs_auth',
+            'series': 'Younger Mommy',
+            'series_id': '64',
+            'season': 'Season 3',
+            'season_number': 3,
+            'episode': 'Episode 1',
+            'episode_number': 1
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
+        login_webpage = self._download_webpage('https://nubiles-porn.com/login', video_id=None)
+        inputs = self._hidden_inputs(login_webpage)
+        inputs.update({'username': username, 'password': password})
+        self._request_webpage('https://nubiles-porn.com/authentication/login', None, data=urlencode_postdata(inputs))
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        url_match = self._match_valid_url(url)
+        video_id = url_match.group('id')
+        page = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        media_entries = self._parse_html5_media_entries(
+            url, get_element_by_class('watch-page-video-wrapper', page), video_id)[0]
+
+        channel_id, channel_name = self._search_regex(
+            r'/video/website/(?P<id>\d+).+>(?P<name>\w+).com', get_element_html_by_class('site-link', page),
+            'channel', fatal=False, group=('id', 'name')) or (None, None)
+        channel_name = re.sub(r'([^A-Z]+)([A-Z]+)', r'\1 \2', channel_name)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': self._search_regex('<h2>([^<]+)</h2>', page, 'title', fatal=False),
+            'formats': media_entries.get('formats'),
+            'display_id': url_match.group('display_id'),
+            'thumbnail': media_entries.get('thumbnail'),
+            'description': clean_html(get_element_html_by_class('content-pane-description', page)),
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(get_element_by_class('date', page)),
+            'channel': channel_name,
+            'channel_id': channel_id,
+            'channel_url': format_field(channel_id, None, 'https://members.nubiles-porn.com/video/website/%s'),
+            'like_count': int_or_none(get_element_by_id('likecount', page)),
+            'average_rating': float_or_none(get_element_by_class('score', page)),
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'categories': try_call(lambda: list(map(clean_html, get_elements_by_class('btn', get_element_by_class('categories', page))))),
+            'tags': try_call(lambda: list(map(clean_html, get_elements_by_class('btn', get_elements_by_class('tags', page)[1])))),
+            'cast': get_elements_by_class('content-pane-performer', page),
+            'availability': 'needs_auth',
+            'series': channel_name,
+            'series_id': channel_id,
+            'season_number': int_or_none(url_match.group('season')),
+            'episode_number': int_or_none(url_match.group('episode'))
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nuvid.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nuvid.py
index fafcc8f4b3..6ac351cb03 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nuvid.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nuvid.py
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ class NuvidIE(InfoExtractor):
         } for quality, source in video_data.get('files').items() if source]
 
         self._check_formats(formats, video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         duration = parse_duration(traverse_obj(video_data, 'duration', 'duration_format'))
         thumbnails = [
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nytimes.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nytimes.py
index fe6986a827..2e21edbb41 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nytimes.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nytimes.py
@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ class NYTimesBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'tbr': int_or_none(video.get('bitrate'), 1000) or None,
                     'ext': ext,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for image in video_data.get('images', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nzherald.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nzherald.py
index 7c9efd9226..062f9a875b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nzherald.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nzherald.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+import json
+
 from .brightcove import BrightcoveNewIE
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-
 from ..compat import compat_str
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
@@ -13,17 +14,20 @@ class NZHeraldIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?nzherald\.co\.nz/[\w\/-]+\/(?P<id>[A-Z0-9]+)'
     _TESTS = [
         {
-            'url': 'https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/weather-heavy-rain-gales-across-nz-most-days-this-week/PTG7QWY4E2225YHZ5NAIRBTYTQ/',
+            # Video accessible under 'video' key
+            'url': 'https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/queen-elizabeth-death-nz-public-holiday-announced-for-september-26/CEOPBSXO2JDCLNK3H7E3BIE2FA/',
             'info_dict': {
-                'id': '6271084466001',
+                'id': '6312191736112',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'MetService severe weather warning: September 6th - 7th',
-                'timestamp': 1630891576,
-                'upload_date': '20210906',
+                'title': 'Focus: PM holds post-Cabinet press conference',
+                'duration': 238.08,
+                'upload_date': '20220912',
                 'uploader_id': '1308227299001',
-                'description': 'md5:db6ca335a22e2cdf37ab9d2bcda52902'
+                'timestamp': 1662957159,
+                'tags': [],
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.jpg$',
+                'description': 'md5:2f17713fcbfcfbe38bb9e7dfccbb0f2e',
             }
-
         }, {
             # Webpage has brightcove embed player url
             'url': 'https://www.nzherald.co.nz/travel/pencarrow-coastal-trail/HDVTPJEPP46HJ2UEMK4EGD2DFI/',
@@ -34,9 +38,11 @@ class NZHeraldIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'timestamp': 1625102897,
                 'upload_date': '20210701',
                 'uploader_id': '1308227299001',
-                'description': 'md5:d361aaa0c6498f7ac1bc4fc0a0aec1e4'
+                'description': 'md5:d361aaa0c6498f7ac1bc4fc0a0aec1e4',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.jpg$',
+                'tags': ['travel', 'video'],
+                'duration': 43.627,
             }
-
         }, {
             # two video embeds of the same video
             'url': 'https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/truck-driver-captured-cutting-off-motorist-on-state-highway-1-in-canterbury/FIHNJB7PLLPHWQPK4S7ZBDUC4I/',
@@ -48,6 +54,22 @@ class NZHeraldIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'upload_date': '20210429',
                 'uploader_id': '1308227299001',
                 'description': 'md5:4cae7dfb7613ac4c73b9e73a75c6b5d7'
+            },
+            'skip': 'video removed',
+        }, {
+            # customVideo embed requiring additional API call
+            'url': 'https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/politics/reserve-bank-rejects-political-criticisms-stands-by-review/2JO5Q4WLZRCBBNWTLACZMOP4RA/',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '6315123873112',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'timestamp': 1667862725,
+                'title': 'Focus: Luxon on re-appointment of Reserve Bank governor Adrian Orr',
+                'upload_date': '20221107',
+                'description': 'md5:df2f1f7033a8160c66e28e4743f5d934',
+                'uploader_id': '1308227299001',
+                'tags': ['video', 'nz herald focus', 'politics', 'politics videos'],
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.jpg$',
+                'duration': 99.584,
             }
         }, {
             'url': 'https://www.nzherald.co.nz/kahu/kaupapa-companies-my-taiao-supporting-maori-in-study-and-business/PQBO2J25WCG77VGRX7W7BVYEAI/',
@@ -80,6 +102,12 @@ class NZHeraldIE(InfoExtractor):
                 self._search_regex(r'Fusion\.globalContent\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;', webpage, 'fusion metadata'), article_id)
 
             video_metadata = fusion_metadata.get('video')
+            if not video_metadata:
+                custom_video_id = traverse_obj(fusion_metadata, ('customVideo', 'embed', 'id'), expected_type=str)
+                if custom_video_id:
+                    video_metadata = self._download_json(
+                        'https://www.nzherald.co.nz/pf/api/v3/content/fetch/full-content-by-id', article_id,
+                        query={'query': json.dumps({'id': custom_video_id, 'site': 'nzh'}), '_website': 'nzh'})
             bc_video_id = traverse_obj(
                 video_metadata or fusion_metadata,  # fusion metadata is the video metadata for video-only pages
                 'brightcoveId', ('content_elements', ..., 'referent', 'id'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/nzonscreen.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/nzonscreen.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6926bc5b2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nzonscreen.py
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    float_or_none,
+    int_or_none,
+    remove_end,
+    strip_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    url_or_none,
+)
+
+
+class NZOnScreenIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'^https://www\.nzonscreen\.com/title/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.nzonscreen.com/title/shoop-shoop-diddy-wop-cumma-cumma-wang-dang-1982',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '726ed6585c6bfb30',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'format_id': 'hi',
+            'display_id': 'shoop-shoop-diddy-wop-cumma-cumma-wang-dang-1982',
+            'title': 'Monte Video - "Shoop Shoop, Diddy Wop"',
+            'description': 'Monte Video - "Shoop Shoop, Diddy Wop"',
+            'alt_title': 'Shoop Shoop Diddy Wop Cumma Cumma Wang Dang | Music Video',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://www\.nzonscreen\.com/content/images/.+\.jpg',
+            'duration': 158,
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.nzonscreen.com/title/shes-a-mod-1964?collection=best-of-the-60s',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3dbe709ff03c36f1',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'format_id': 'hi',
+            'display_id': 'shes-a-mod-1964',
+            'title': 'Ray Columbus - \'She\'s A Mod\'',
+            'description': 'Ray Columbus - \'She\'s A Mod\'',
+            'alt_title': 'She\'s a Mod | Music Video',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://www\.nzonscreen\.com/content/images/.+\.jpg',
+            'duration': 130,
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.nzonscreen.com/title/puha-and-pakeha-1968/overview',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'f86342544385ad8a',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'format_id': 'hi',
+            'display_id': 'puha-and-pakeha-1968',
+            'title': 'Looking At New Zealand - Puha and Pakeha',
+            'alt_title': 'Looking at New Zealand - \'Pūhā and Pākehā\' | Television',
+            'description': 'An excerpt from this television programme.',
+            'duration': 212,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://www\.nzonscreen\.com/content/images/.+\.jpg',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }]
+
+    def _extract_formats(self, playlist):
+        for quality, (id_, url) in enumerate(traverse_obj(
+                playlist, ('h264', {'lo': 'lo_res', 'hi': 'hi_res'}), expected_type=url_or_none).items()):
+            yield {
+                'url': url,
+                'format_id': id_,
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'quality': quality,
+                'height': int_or_none(playlist.get('height')) if id_ == 'hi' else None,
+                'width': int_or_none(playlist.get('width')) if id_ == 'hi' else None,
+                'filesize_approx': float_or_none(traverse_obj(playlist, ('h264', f'{id_}_res_mb')), invscale=1024**2),
+            }
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        playlist = self._parse_json(self._html_search_regex(
+            r'data-video-config=\'([^\']+)\'', webpage, 'media data'), video_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': playlist['uuid'],
+            'display_id': video_id,
+            'title': strip_or_none(playlist.get('label')),
+            'description': strip_or_none(playlist.get('description')),
+            'alt_title': strip_or_none(remove_end(
+                self._html_extract_title(webpage, default=None) or self._og_search_title(webpage),
+                ' | NZ On Screen')),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(playlist, ('thumbnail', 'path')),
+            'duration': float_or_none(playlist.get('duration')),
+            'formats': list(self._extract_formats(playlist)),
+            'http_headers': {
+                'Referer': 'https://www.nzonscreen.com/',
+                'Origin': 'https://www.nzonscreen.com/',
+            }
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/odkmedia.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/odkmedia.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2960860d6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/odkmedia.py
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+import json
+import urllib.error
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    GeoRestrictedError,
+    float_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_call
+)
+
+
+class OnDemandChinaEpisodeIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.ondemandchina\.com/\w+/watch/(?P<series>[\w-]+)/(?P<id>ep-(?P<ep>\d+))'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.ondemandchina.com/en/watch/together-against-covid-19/ep-1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '264394',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'duration': 3256.88,
+            'title': 'EP 1 The Calling',
+            'alt_title': '第1集 令出如山',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://d2y2efdi5wgkcl.cloudfront.net/fit-in/256x256/media-io/2020/9/11/image.d9816e81.jpg',
+            'description': '疫情严峻，党政军民学、东西南北中协同应考',
+            'tags': ['Social Humanities', 'Documentary', 'Medical', 'Social'],
+        }
+    }]
+
+    _QUERY = '''
+        query Episode($programSlug: String!, $episodeNumber: Int!) {
+            episode(
+                programSlug: $programSlug
+                episodeNumber: $episodeNumber
+                kind: "series"
+                part: null
+            ) {
+                id
+                title
+                titleEn
+                titleKo
+                titleZhHans
+                titleZhHant
+                synopsis
+                synopsisEn
+                synopsisKo
+                synopsisZhHans
+                synopsisZhHant
+                videoDuration
+                images {
+                    thumbnail
+                }
+            }
+        }'''
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        program_slug, display_id, ep_number = self._match_valid_url(url).group('series', 'id', 'ep')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        video_info = self._download_json(
+            'https://odc-graphql.odkmedia.io/graphql', display_id,
+            headers={'Content-type': 'application/json'},
+            data=json.dumps({
+                'operationName': 'Episode',
+                'query': self._QUERY,
+                'variables': {
+                    'programSlug': program_slug,
+                    'episodeNumber': int(ep_number),
+                },
+            }).encode())['data']['episode']
+
+        try:
+            source_json = self._download_json(
+                f'https://odkmedia.io/odc/api/v2/playback/{video_info["id"]}/', display_id,
+                headers={'Authorization': '', 'service-name': 'odc'})
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError):
+                error_data = self._parse_json(e.cause.read(), display_id)['detail']
+                raise GeoRestrictedError(error_data)
+
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+        for source in traverse_obj(source_json, ('sources', ...)):
+            if source.get('type') == 'hls':
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(source.get('url'), display_id)
+                formats.extend(fmts)
+                self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+            else:
+                self.report_warning(f'Unsupported format {source.get("type")}', display_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': str(video_info['id']),
+            'duration': float_or_none(video_info.get('videoDuration'), 1000),
+            'thumbnail': (traverse_obj(video_info, ('images', 'thumbnail'))
+                          or self._html_search_meta(['og:image', 'twitter:image'], webpage)),
+            'title': (traverse_obj(video_info, 'title', 'titleEn')
+                      or self._html_search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title'], webpage)
+                      or self._html_extract_title(webpage)),
+            'alt_title': traverse_obj(video_info, 'titleKo', 'titleZhHans', 'titleZhHant'),
+            'description': (traverse_obj(
+                video_info, 'synopsisEn', 'synopsisKo', 'synopsisZhHans', 'synopsisZhHant', 'synopisis')
+                or self._html_search_meta(['og:description', 'twitter:description', 'description'], webpage)),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'tags': try_call(lambda: self._html_search_meta('keywords', webpage).split(', '))
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/odnoklassniki.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/odnoklassniki.py
index 4faec914ed..4b73eed37e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/odnoklassniki.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/odnoklassniki.py
@@ -8,10 +8,13 @@ from ..compat import (
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
     float_or_none,
-    unified_strdate,
     int_or_none,
     qualities,
+    smuggle_url,
+    traverse_obj,
     unescapeHTML,
+    unified_strdate,
+    unsmuggle_url,
     urlencode_postdata,
 )
 
@@ -22,7 +25,7 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
                     (?:(?:www|m|mobile)\.)?
                     (?:odnoklassniki|ok)\.ru/
                     (?:
-                        video(?:embed)?/|
+                        video(?P<embed>embed)?/|
                         web-api/video/moviePlayer/|
                         live/|
                         dk\?.*?st\.mvId=
@@ -38,7 +41,7 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'timestamp': 1545580896,
             'view_count': int,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://coub-anubis-a.akamaized.net/coub_storage/coub/simple/cw_image/c5ac87553bd/608e806a1239c210ab692/1545580913_00026.jpg',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://coub-attachments.akamaized.net/coub_storage/coub/simple/cw_image/c5ac87553bd/608e806a1239c210ab692/1545580913_00026.jpg',
             'title': 'Народная забава',
             'uploader': 'Nevata',
             'upload_date': '20181223',
@@ -65,11 +68,12 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         # metadata in JSON
         'url': 'http://ok.ru/video/20079905452',
-        'md5': '0b62089b479e06681abaaca9d204f152',
+        'md5': '5d2b64756e2af296e3b383a0bc02a6aa',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '20079905452',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Культура меняет нас (прекрасный ролик!))',
+            'thumbnail': str,
             'duration': 100,
             'upload_date': '20141207',
             'uploader_id': '330537914540',
@@ -80,11 +84,12 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         # metadataUrl
         'url': 'http://ok.ru/video/63567059965189-0?fromTime=5',
-        'md5': '6ff470ea2dd51d5d18c295a355b0b6bc',
+        'md5': 'f8c951122516af72e6e6ffdd3c41103b',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '63567059965189-0',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Девушка без комплексов ...',
+            'thumbnail': str,
             'duration': 191,
             'upload_date': '20150518',
             'uploader_id': '534380003155',
@@ -95,18 +100,32 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
         },
     }, {
         # YouTube embed (metadataUrl, provider == USER_YOUTUBE)
-        'url': 'http://ok.ru/video/64211978996595-1',
-        'md5': '2f206894ffb5dbfcce2c5a14b909eea5',
+        'url': 'https://ok.ru/video/3952212382174',
+        'md5': '91749d0bd20763a28d083fa335bbd37a',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'V_VztHT5BzY',
+            'id': '5axVgHHDBvU',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Космическая среда от 26 августа 2015',
-            'description': 'md5:848eb8b85e5e3471a3a803dae1343ed0',
-            'duration': 440,
-            'upload_date': '20150826',
-            'uploader_id': 'tvroscosmos',
-            'uploader': 'Телестудия Роскосмоса',
+            'title': 'Youtube-dl 101: What is it and HOW to use it! Full Download Walkthrough and Guide',
+            'description': 'md5:b57209eeb9d5c2f20c984dfb58862097',
+            'uploader': 'Lod Mer',
+            'uploader_id': '575186401502',
+            'duration': 1529,
             'age_limit': 0,
+            'upload_date': '20210405',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.mycdn.me/i?r=AEHujHvw2RjEbemUCNEorZbxYpb_p_9AcN2FmGik64Krkcmz37YtlY093oAM5-HIEAt7Zi9s0CiBOSDmbngC-I-k&fn=external_8',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/MrKewlkid94',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'tags': ['youtube-dl', 'youtube playlists', 'download videos', 'download audio'],
+            'channel_id': 'UCVGtvURtEURYHtJFUegdSug',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCVGtvURtEURYHtJFUegdSug',
+            'categories': ['Education'],
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'channel': 'BornToReact',
         },
     }, {
         # YouTube embed (metadata, provider == USER_YOUTUBE, no metadata.movie.title field)
@@ -126,13 +145,35 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
         },
         'skip': 'Video has not been found',
     }, {
+        # TODO: HTTP Error 400: Bad Request, it only works if there's no cookies when downloading
         'note': 'Only available in mobile webpage',
         'url': 'https://m.ok.ru/video/2361249957145',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '2361249957145',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Быковское крещение',
             'duration': 3038.181,
         },
+        'skip': 'HTTP Error 400',
+    }, {
+        'note': 'subtitles',
+        'url': 'https://ok.ru/video/4249587550747',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '4249587550747',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Small Country An African Childhood (2020) (1080p) +subtitle',
+            'uploader': 'Sunflower Movies',
+            'uploader_id': '595802161179',
+            'upload_date': '20220816',
+            'duration': 6728,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://i\.mycdn\.me/videoPreview\?.+',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'subtitles': dict,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://ok.ru/web-api/video/moviePlayer/20079905452',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -158,8 +199,38 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
         # Paid video
         'url': 'https://ok.ru/video/954886983203',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://ok.ru/videoembed/2932705602075',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2932705602075',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.mycdn.me/videoPreview?id=1369902483995&type=37&idx=2&tkn=fqlnoQD_xwq5ovIlKfgNyU08qmM&fn=external_8',
+            'title': 'Boosty для тебя!',
+            'uploader_id': '597811038747',
+            'like_count': 0,
+            'duration': 35,
+        },
     }]
 
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://boosty.to/ikakprosto/posts/56cedaca-b56a-4dfd-b3ed-98c79cfa0167',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3950343629563',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.mycdn.me/videoPreview?id=2776238394107&type=37&idx=11&tkn=F3ejkUFcpuI4DnMRxrDGcH5YcmM&fn=external_8',
+            'title': 'Заяц Бусти.mp4',
+            'uploader_id': '571368965883',
+            'like_count': 0,
+            'duration': 10444,
+        },
+        'skip': 'Site no longer embeds',
+    }]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
+        for x in super()._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage):
+            yield smuggle_url(x, {'referrer': url})
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         try:
             return self._extract_desktop(url)
@@ -174,16 +245,23 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
         start_time = int_or_none(compat_parse_qs(
             compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).query).get('fromTime', [None])[0])
 
-        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        url, smuggled = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
+        video_id, is_embed = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'embed')
+        mode = 'videoembed' if is_embed else 'video'
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
-            'http://ok.ru/video/%s' % video_id, video_id,
-            note='Downloading desktop webpage')
+            f'https://ok.ru/{mode}/{video_id}', video_id,
+            note='Downloading desktop webpage',
+            headers={'Referer': smuggled['referrer']} if smuggled.get('referrer') else {})
 
         error = self._search_regex(
             r'[^>]+class="vp_video_stub_txt"[^>]*>([^<]+)<',
             webpage, 'error', default=None)
-        if error:
+        # Direct link from boosty
+        if (error == 'The author of this video has not been found or is blocked'
+                and not smuggled.get('referrer') and mode == 'videoembed'):
+            return self._extract_desktop(smuggle_url(url, {'referrer': 'https://boosty.to'}))
+        elif error:
             raise ExtractorError(error, expected=True)
 
         player = self._parse_json(
@@ -238,6 +316,16 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         like_count = int_or_none(metadata.get('likeCount'))
 
+        subtitles = {}
+        for sub in traverse_obj(metadata, ('movie', 'subtitleTracks', ...), expected_type=dict):
+            sub_url = sub.get('url')
+            if not sub_url:
+                continue
+            subtitles.setdefault(sub.get('language') or 'en', []).append({
+                'url': sub_url,
+                'ext': 'vtt',
+            })
+
         info = {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -249,6 +337,7 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
             'like_count': like_count,
             'age_limit': age_limit,
             'start_time': start_time,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
         }
 
         # pladform
@@ -270,7 +359,7 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
         if provider == 'LIVE_TV_APP':
             info['title'] = title
 
-        quality = qualities(('4', '0', '1', '2', '3', '5'))
+        quality = qualities(('4', '0', '1', '2', '3', '5', '6', '7'))
 
         formats = [{
             'url': f['url'],
@@ -314,8 +403,6 @@ class OdnoklassnikiIE(InfoExtractor):
             if payment_info:
                 self.raise_no_formats('This video is paid, subscribe to download it', expected=True)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         info['formats'] = formats
         return info
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/oftv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/oftv.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3ae7278fb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/oftv.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from .zype import ZypeIE
+from ..utils import traverse_obj
+
+
+class OfTVIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?of.tv/video/(?P<id>\w+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://of.tv/video/627d7d95b353db0001dadd1a',
+        'md5': 'cb9cd5db3bb9ee0d32bfd7e373d6ef0a',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '627d7d95b353db0001dadd1a',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'E1: Jacky vs Eric',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'average_rating': 0,
+            'description': 'md5:dd16e3e2a8d27d922e7a989f85986853',
+            'display_id': '',
+            'duration': 1423,
+            'timestamp': 1652391300,
+            'upload_date': '20220512',
+            'view_count': 0,
+            'creator': 'This is Fire'
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        info = next(ZypeIE.extract_from_webpage(self._downloader, url, webpage))
+        info['_type'] = 'url_transparent'
+        info['creator'] = self._search_regex(r'<a[^>]+class=\"creator-name\"[^>]+>([^<]+)', webpage, 'creator')
+        return info
+
+
+class OfTVPlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?of.tv/creators/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)/.?'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://of.tv/creators/this-is-fire/',
+        'playlist_count': 8,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'this-is-fire'
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
+
+        json_match = self._search_json(
+            r'var\s*remaining_videos\s*=', webpage, 'oftv playlists', playlist_id, contains_pattern=r'\[.+\]')
+
+        return self.playlist_from_matches(
+            traverse_obj(json_match, (..., 'discovery_url')), playlist_id)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/olympics.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/olympics.py
index 42ea949051..61d1f40486 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/olympics.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/olympics.py
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ class OlympicsReplayIE(InfoExtractor):
         m3u8_url = self._download_json(
             f'https://olympics.com/tokenGenerator?url={m3u8_url}', uuid, note='Downloading m3u8 url')
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(m3u8_url, uuid, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': uuid,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/on24.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/on24.py
index 779becc700..9a4abc98d9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/on24.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/on24.py
@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ class On24IE(InfoExtractor):
                     'vcodec': 'none',
                     'acodec': 'wav'
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': event_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/once.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/once.py
index 460b82d02f..989f10abb1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/once.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/once.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import re
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 
 
-class OnceIE(InfoExtractor):
+class OnceIE(InfoExtractor):  # XXX: Conventionally, base classes should end with BaseIE/InfoExtractor
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://.+?\.unicornmedia\.com/now/(?:ads/vmap/)?[^/]+/[^/]+/(?P<domain_id>[^/]+)/(?P<application_id>[^/]+)/(?:[^/]+/)?(?P<media_item_id>[^/]+)/content\.(?:once|m3u8|mp4)'
     ADAPTIVE_URL_TEMPLATE = 'http://once.unicornmedia.com/now/master/playlist/%s/%s/%s/content.m3u8'
     PROGRESSIVE_URL_TEMPLATE = 'http://once.unicornmedia.com/now/media/progressive/%s/%s/%s/%s/content.mp4'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ondemandkorea.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ondemandkorea.py
index 84687ef473..dd7d1d7dea 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ondemandkorea.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ondemandkorea.py
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ class OnDemandKoreaIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?ondemandkorea\.com/(?P<id>[^/]+)\.html'
     _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['US', 'CA']
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://www.ondemandkorea.com/ask-us-anything-e43.html',
+        'url': 'https://www.ondemandkorea.com/ask-us-anything-e351.html',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'ask-us-anything-e43',
+            'id': 'ask-us-anything-e351',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Ask Us Anything : Gain, Ji Soo - 09/24/2016',
+            'title': 'Ask Us Anything : Jung Sung-ho, Park Seul-gi, Kim Bo-min, Yang Seung-won - 09/24/2022',
             'description': 'A talk show/game show with a school theme where celebrity guests appear as “transfer students.”',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
         },
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ class OnDemandKoreaIE(InfoExtractor):
             'skip_download': 'm3u8 download'
         }
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.ondemandkorea.com/confession-e01-1.html',
+        'url': 'https://www.ondemandkorea.com/work-later-drink-now-e1.html',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'confession-e01-1',
+            'id': 'work-later-drink-now-e1',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Confession : E01',
-            'description': 'Choi Do-hyun, a criminal attorney, is the son of a death row convict. Ever since Choi Pil-su got arrested for murder, Do-hyun has wanted to solve his ',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'title': 'Work Later, Drink Now : E01',
+            'description': 'Work Later, Drink First follows three women who find solace in a glass of liquor at the end of the day. So-hee, who gets comfort from a cup of soju af',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.png$',
             'subtitles': {
                 'English': 'mincount:1',
             },
@@ -69,9 +69,11 @@ class OnDemandKoreaIE(InfoExtractor):
             webpage, 'episode_title', fatal=False) or self._og_search_title(webpage)
 
         jw_config = self._parse_json(
-            self._search_regex(
+            self._search_regex((
+                r'(?P<options>{\s*[\'"]tracks[\'"].*?})[)\];]+$',
                 r'playlist\s*=\s*\[(?P<options>.+)];?$',
-                webpage, 'jw config', flags=re.MULTILINE, group='options'),
+                r'odkPlayer\.init.*?(?P<options>{[^;]+}).*?;',
+            ), webpage, 'jw config', flags=re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL, group='options'),
             video_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
         info = self._parse_jwplayer_data(
             jw_config, video_id, require_title=False, m3u8_id='hls',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/onefootball.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/onefootball.py
index 41815bef1f..591d15732d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/onefootball.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/onefootball.py
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ class OneFootballIE(InfoExtractor):
         data_json = self._search_json_ld(webpage, id)
         m3u8_url = self._html_search_regex(r'(https://cdn\.jwplayer\.com/manifests/.+\.m3u8)', webpage, 'm3u8_url')
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(m3u8_url, id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': id,
             'title': data_json.get('title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/onenewsnz.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/onenewsnz.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a46211e777
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/onenewsnz.py
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+from .brightcove import BrightcoveNewIE
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    traverse_obj
+)
+
+
+class OneNewsNZIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = '1News'
+    IE_DESC = '1news.co.nz article videos'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:1|one)news\.co\.nz/\d+/\d+/\d+/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
+    _TESTS = [
+        {   # Brightcove video
+            'url': 'https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/09/29/cows-painted-green-on-parliament-lawn-in-climate-protest/',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'cows-painted-green-on-parliament-lawn-in-climate-protest',
+                'title': '\'Cows\' painted green on Parliament lawn in climate protest',
+            },
+            'playlist': [{
+                'info_dict': {
+                    'id': '6312993358112',
+                    'title': 'Activists dressed as cows painted green outside Parliament in climate protest',
+                    'ext': 'mp4',
+                    'tags': 'count:6',
+                    'uploader_id': '963482464001',
+                    'timestamp': 1664416255,
+                    'upload_date': '20220929',
+                    'duration': 38.272,
+                    'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+                    'description': 'Greenpeace accused the Government of "greenwashing" instead of taking climate action.',
+                }
+            }]
+        }, {
+            # YouTube video
+            'url': 'https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/09/30/now-is-the-time-to-care-about-womens-rugby/',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'now-is-the-time-to-care-about-womens-rugby',
+                'title': 'Now is the time to care about women\'s rugby',
+            },
+            'playlist': [{
+                'info_dict': {
+                    'id': 's4wEB9neTfU',
+                    'title': 'Why I love women’s rugby: Black Fern Ruahei Demant',
+                    'ext': 'mp4',
+                    'channel_follower_count': int,
+                    'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2BQ3U9IxoYIJyulv0bN5PQ',
+                    'tags': 'count:12',
+                    'uploader': 'Re: News',
+                    'upload_date': '20211215',
+                    'uploader_id': 'UC2BQ3U9IxoYIJyulv0bN5PQ',
+                    'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2BQ3U9IxoYIJyulv0bN5PQ',
+                    'channel_id': 'UC2BQ3U9IxoYIJyulv0bN5PQ',
+                    'channel': 'Re: News',
+                    'like_count': int,
+                    'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/s4wEB9neTfU/maxresdefault.jpg',
+                    'age_limit': 0,
+                    'view_count': int,
+                    'categories': ['Sports'],
+                    'duration': 222,
+                    'description': 'md5:8874410e5740ed1d8fd0df839f849813',
+                    'availability': 'public',
+                    'playable_in_embed': True,
+                    'live_status': 'not_live',
+                }
+            }]
+        }, {
+            # 2 Brightcove videos
+            'url': 'https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/09/29/raw-videos-capture-hurricane-ians-fury-as-it-slams-florida/',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'raw-videos-capture-hurricane-ians-fury-as-it-slams-florida',
+                'title': 'Raw videos capture Hurricane Ian\'s fury as it slams Florida',
+            },
+            'playlist_mincount': 2,
+        }, {
+            'url': 'https://www.onenews.co.nz/2022/09/29/cows-painted-green-on-parliament-lawn-in-climate-protest/',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        }]
+
+    BRIGHTCOVE_URL_TEMPLATE = 'http://players.brightcove.net/%s/0xpHIR6IB_default/index.html?videoId=%s'
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        fusion_metadata = self._search_json(r'Fusion\.globalContent\s*=', webpage, 'fusion metadata', display_id)
+
+        entries = []
+        for item in traverse_obj(fusion_metadata, 'content_elements') or []:
+            item_type = traverse_obj(item, 'subtype')
+            if item_type == 'video':
+                brightcove_config = traverse_obj(item, ('embed', 'config'))
+                brightcove_url = self.BRIGHTCOVE_URL_TEMPLATE % (
+                    traverse_obj(brightcove_config, 'brightcoveAccount') or '963482464001',
+                    traverse_obj(brightcove_config, 'brightcoveVideoId')
+                )
+                entries.append(self.url_result(brightcove_url, BrightcoveNewIE))
+            elif item_type == 'youtube':
+                video_id_or_url = traverse_obj(item, ('referent', 'id'), ('raw_oembed', '_id'))
+                if video_id_or_url:
+                    entries.append(self.url_result(video_id_or_url, ie='Youtube'))
+
+        if not entries:
+            raise ExtractorError('This article does not have a video.', expected=True)
+
+        playlist_title = (
+            traverse_obj(fusion_metadata, ('headlines', 'basic'))
+            or self._generic_title('', webpage)
+        )
+        return self.playlist_result(entries, display_id, playlist_title)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/oneplace.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/oneplace.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86337ad0ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/oneplace.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class OnePlacePodcastIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.oneplace\.com/[\w]+/[^/]+/listen/[\w-]+-(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.oneplace.com/ministries/a-daily-walk/listen/living-in-the-last-days-part-2-958461.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '958461',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'Living in the Last Days Part 2 | A Daily Walk with John Randall',
+            'description': 'md5:fbb8f1cf21447ac54ecaa2887fc20c6e',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.oneplace.com/ministries/ankerberg-show/listen/ep-3-relying-on-the-constant-companionship-of-the-holy-spirit-part-2-922513.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '922513',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'description': 'md5:8b810b4349aa40a5d033b4536fe428e1',
+            'title': 'md5:ce10f7d8d5ddcf485ed8905ef109659d',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'url': self._search_regex((
+                r'mp3-url\s*=\s*"([^"]+)',
+                r'<div[^>]+id\s*=\s*"player"[^>]+data-media-url\s*=\s*"(?P<media_url>[^"]+)',
+            ), webpage, 'media url'),
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'vcodec': 'none',
+            'title': self._html_search_regex((
+                r'<div[^>]class\s*=\s*"details"[^>]+>[^<]<h2[^>]+>(?P<content>[^>]+)>',
+                self._meta_regex('og:title'), self._meta_regex('title'),
+            ), webpage, 'title', group='content', default=None),
+            'description': self._html_search_regex(
+                r'<div[^>]+class="[^"]+epDesc"[^>]*>\s*(?P<desc>.+?)\s*</div>',
+                webpage, 'description', default=None),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/onet.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/onet.py
index ea46d7def6..0d59e8cb44 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/onet.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/onet.py
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ class OnetBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                                 'vbr': float_or_none(f.get('video_bitrate')),
                             })
                         formats.append(http_f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         meta = video.get('meta', {})
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ooyala.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ooyala.py
index 146c1f981a..65afccdb1c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ooyala.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ooyala.py
@@ -85,7 +85,6 @@ class OoyalaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not formats and not auth_data.get('authorized'):
             self.raise_no_formats('%s said: %s' % (
                 self.IE_NAME, auth_data['message']), expected=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for lang, sub in metadata.get('closed_captions_vtt', {}).get('captions', {}).items():
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/opencast.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/opencast.py
index c640224dd6..fa46757f7b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/opencast.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/opencast.py
@@ -92,8 +92,6 @@ class OpencastBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     })
                 formats.append(track_obj)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/openrec.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/openrec.py
index 6c1eb8f3ad..86dc9bb898 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/openrec.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/openrec.py
@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ class OpenRecBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats = list(self._expand_media(video_id, new_media))
             is_live = False
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': get_first(movie_stores, 'title'),
@@ -113,7 +111,6 @@ class OpenRecCaptureIE(OpenRecBaseIE):
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             capture_data.get('source'), video_id, ext='mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ora.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ora.py
index 09b1214227..d49909d528 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ora.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ora.py
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ class OraTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'format_id': q,
                     'quality': preference(q),
                 })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
         else:
             return self.url_result(self._search_regex(
                 r'"youtube_id"\s*:\s*"([^"]+)', webpage, 'youtube id'), 'Youtube')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/orf.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/orf.py
index 24abf7f26c..e9d23a4d12 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/orf.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/orf.py
@@ -134,8 +134,6 @@ class ORFTVthekIE(InfoExtractor):
                 HEADRequest(http_url), video_id, fatal=False, note='Testing for geoblocking',
                 errnote=f'This video seems to be blocked outside of {geo_str}. You may want to try the streaming-* formats')
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         subtitles = {}
         for sub in sd.get('subtitles', []):
             sub_src = sub.get('src')
@@ -407,7 +405,6 @@ class ORFIPTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                     format_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id=format_id))
             else:
                 continue
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = remove_end(self._og_search_title(webpage), ' - iptv.ORF.at')
         description = self._og_search_description(webpage)
@@ -507,7 +504,6 @@ class ORFFM4StoryIE(InfoExtractor):
                         format_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id=format_id))
                 else:
                     continue
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             title = remove_end(self._og_search_title(webpage), ' - fm4.ORF.at')
             if idx >= 1:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pandoratv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pandoratv.py
index 3747f31d2c..ccc78da57f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pandoratv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pandoratv.py
@@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ class PandoraTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': format_url,
                 'height': int(height),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/panopto.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/panopto.py
index 5f5edb26b2..6e3c9f442d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/panopto.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/panopto.py
@@ -407,13 +407,12 @@ class PanoptoIE(PanoptoBaseIE):
         subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(
             podcast_subtitles, streams_subtitles, self.extract_subtitles(base_url, video_id, delivery))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         self.mark_watched(base_url, video_id, delivery_info)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': delivery.get('SessionName'),
-            'cast': traverse_obj(delivery, ('Contributors', ..., 'DisplayName'), default=[], expected_type=lambda x: x or None),
+            'cast': traverse_obj(delivery, ('Contributors', ..., 'DisplayName'), expected_type=lambda x: x or None),
             'timestamp': session_start_time - 11640000000 if session_start_time else None,
             'duration': delivery.get('Duration'),
             'thumbnail': base_url + f'/Services/FrameGrabber.svc/FrameRedirect?objectId={video_id}&mode=Delivery&random={random()}',
@@ -564,7 +563,7 @@ class PanoptoListIE(PanoptoBaseIE):
             base_url, '/Services/Data.svc/GetFolderInfo', folder_id,
             data={'folderID': folder_id}, fatal=False)
         return {
-            'title': get_first(response, 'Name', default=[])
+            'title': get_first(response, 'Name')
         }
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/paramountplus.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/paramountplus.py
index 7987d77c6e..7e472a63e0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/paramountplus.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/paramountplus.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import itertools
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from .cbs import CBSBaseIE
 from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
     int_or_none,
     url_or_none,
 )
@@ -24,10 +25,17 @@ class ParamountPlusIE(CBSBaseIE):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'CatDog - Climb Every CatDog/The Canine Mutiny',
             'description': 'md5:7ac835000645a69933df226940e3c859',
-            'duration': 1418,
+            'duration': 1426,
             'timestamp': 920264400,
             'upload_date': '19990301',
             'uploader': 'CBSI-NEW',
+            'episode_number': 5,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.jpg$',
+            'season': 'Season 2',
+            'chapters': 'count:3',
+            'episode': 'Episode 5',
+            'season_number': 2,
+            'series': 'CatDog',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': 'm3u8',
@@ -43,6 +51,13 @@ class ParamountPlusIE(CBSBaseIE):
             'timestamp': 1627063200,
             'upload_date': '20210723',
             'uploader': 'CBSI-NEW',
+            'episode_number': 81,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.jpg$',
+            'season': 'Season 2',
+            'chapters': 'count:4',
+            'episode': 'Episode 81',
+            'season_number': 2,
+            'series': 'Tooning Out The News',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': 'm3u8',
@@ -54,14 +69,18 @@ class ParamountPlusIE(CBSBaseIE):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Daddy\'s Home',
             'upload_date': '20151225',
-            'description': 'md5:a0beaf24e8d3b0e81b2ee41d47c06f33',
+            'description': 'md5:9a6300c504d5e12000e8707f20c54745',
             'uploader': 'CBSI-NEW',
             'timestamp': 1451030400,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.jpg$',
+            'chapters': 'count:0',
+            'duration': 5761,
+            'series': 'Paramount+ Movies',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': 'm3u8',
         },
-        'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks'],  # TODO: Investigate this
+        'skip': 'DRM',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.paramountplus.com/movies/video/5EKDXPOzdVf9voUqW6oRuocyAEeJGbEc/',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -72,11 +91,15 @@ class ParamountPlusIE(CBSBaseIE):
             'timestamp': 1577865600,
             'title': 'Sonic the Hedgehog',
             'upload_date': '20200101',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.jpg$',
+            'chapters': 'count:0',
+            'duration': 5932,
+            'series': 'Paramount+ Movies',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': 'm3u8',
         },
-        'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks'],
+        'skip': 'DRM',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.paramountplus.com/shows/the-real-world/video/mOVeHeL9ub9yWdyzSZFYz8Uj4ZBkVzQg/the-real-world-reunion/',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -93,24 +116,51 @@ class ParamountPlusIE(CBSBaseIE):
 
     def _extract_video_info(self, content_id, mpx_acc=2198311517):
         items_data = self._download_json(
-            'https://www.paramountplus.com/apps-api/v2.0/androidtv/video/cid/%s.json' % content_id,
-            content_id, query={'locale': 'en-us', 'at': 'ABCqWNNSwhIqINWIIAG+DFzcFUvF8/vcN6cNyXFFfNzWAIvXuoVgX+fK4naOC7V8MLI='}, headers=self.geo_verification_headers())
+            f'https://www.paramountplus.com/apps-api/v2.0/androidtv/video/cid/{content_id}.json',
+            content_id, query={
+                'locale': 'en-us',
+                'at': 'ABCXgPuoStiPipsK0OHVXIVh68zNys+G4f7nW9R6qH68GDOcneW6Kg89cJXGfiQCsj0=',
+            }, headers=self.geo_verification_headers())
 
         asset_types = {
             item.get('assetType'): {
                 'format': 'SMIL',
-                'formats': 'MPEG4,M3U',
+                'formats': 'M3U+none,MPEG4',  # '+none' specifies ProtectionScheme (no DRM)
             } for item in items_data['itemList']
         }
         item = items_data['itemList'][-1]
-        return self._extract_common_video_info(content_id, asset_types, mpx_acc, extra_info={
+
+        info, error = {}, None
+        metadata = {
             'title': item.get('title'),
             'series': item.get('seriesTitle'),
             'season_number': int_or_none(item.get('seasonNum')),
             'episode_number': int_or_none(item.get('episodeNum')),
             'duration': int_or_none(item.get('duration')),
             'thumbnail': url_or_none(item.get('thumbnail')),
-        })
+        }
+        try:
+            info = self._extract_common_video_info(content_id, asset_types, mpx_acc, extra_info=metadata)
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            error = e
+
+        # Check for DRM formats to give appropriate error
+        if not info.get('formats'):
+            for query in asset_types.values():
+                query['formats'] = 'MPEG-DASH,M3U,MPEG4'  # allows DRM formats
+
+            try:
+                drm_info = self._extract_common_video_info(content_id, asset_types, mpx_acc, extra_info=metadata)
+            except ExtractorError:
+                if error:
+                    raise error from None
+                raise
+            if drm_info['formats']:
+                self.report_drm(content_id)
+            elif error:
+                raise error
+
+        return info
 
 
 class ParamountPlusSeriesIE(InfoExtractor):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/parlview.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/parlview.py
index f31ae576cd..0b547917c0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/parlview.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/parlview.py
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ class ParlviewIE(InfoExtractor):
         elif stream.get('streamType') != 'VOD':
             self.raise_no_formats('Unknown type of stream was detected: "%s"' % str(stream.get('streamType')))
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(stream['url'], video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         media_info = self._download_webpage(
             self._MEDIA_INFO_URL % video_id, video_id, note='Downloading media info', fatal=False)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/patreon.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/patreon.py
index 529aba178c..e93e37eb93 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/patreon.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/patreon.py
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ class PatreonIE(PatreonBaseIE):
                 f'posts/{post_id}/comments', post_id, query=params, note='Downloading comments page %d' % page)
 
             cursor = None
-            for comment in traverse_obj(response, (('data', ('included', lambda _, v: v['type'] == 'comment')), ...), default=[]):
+            for comment in traverse_obj(response, (('data', ('included', lambda _, v: v['type'] == 'comment')), ...)):
                 count += 1
                 comment_id = comment.get('id')
                 attributes = comment.get('attributes') or {}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pbs.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pbs.py
index 4e6674e85e..5bdf561db9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pbs.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pbs.py
@@ -660,7 +660,6 @@ class PBSIE(InfoExtractor):
         for f in formats:
             if (f.get('format_note') or '').endswith(' AD'):  # Audio description
                 f['language_preference'] = -10
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         rating_str = info.get('rating')
         if rating_str is not None:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pearvideo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pearvideo.py
index e76305acd4..e27e5a7bac 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pearvideo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pearvideo.py
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ class PearVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': k,
                 'url': v.replace(info['systemTime'], f'cont-{video_id}') if k == 'srcUrl' else v
             } for k, v in traverse_obj(info, ('videoInfo', 'videos'), default={}).items() if v]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._search_regex(
             (r'<h1[^>]+\bclass=(["\'])video-tt\1[^>]*>(?P<value>[^<]+)',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/peekvids.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/peekvids.py
index f1c4469d65..d1fc058b92 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/peekvids.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/peekvids.py
@@ -1,72 +1,128 @@
+import re
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    get_element_by_class,
+    int_or_none,
+    merge_dicts,
+    url_or_none,
+)
 
 
-class PeekVidsIE(InfoExtractor):
+class PeekVidsBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        domain, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('domain', 'id')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, expected_status=429)
+        if '>Rate Limit Exceeded' in webpage:
+            raise ExtractorError(
+                f'You are suspected as a bot. Wait, or pass the captcha on the site and provide cookies. {self._login_hint()}',
+                video_id=video_id, expected=True)
+
+        title = self._html_search_regex(r'(?s)<h1\b[^>]*>(.+?)</h1>', webpage, 'title')
+
+        display_id = video_id
+        video_id = self._search_regex(r'(?s)<video\b[^>]+\bdata-id\s*=\s*["\']?([\w-]+)', webpage, 'short video ID')
+        srcs = self._download_json(
+            f'https://www.{domain}/v-alt/{video_id}', video_id,
+            note='Downloading list of source files')
+
+        formats = []
+        for k, v in srcs.items():
+            f_url = url_or_none(v)
+            if not f_url:
+                continue
+
+            height = self._search_regex(r'^data-src(\d{3,})$', k, 'height', default=None)
+            if not height:
+                continue
+
+            formats.append({
+                'url': f_url,
+                'format_id': height,
+                'height': int_or_none(height),
+            })
+
+        if not formats:
+            formats = [{'url': url} for url in srcs.values()]
+
+        info = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, expected_type='VideoObject', default={})
+        info.pop('url', None)
+
+        # may not have found the thumbnail if it was in a list in the ld+json
+        info.setdefault('thumbnail', self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage))
+        detail = (get_element_by_class('detail-video-block', webpage)
+                  or get_element_by_class('detail-block', webpage) or '')
+        info['description'] = self._html_search_regex(
+            rf'(?s)(.+?)(?:{re.escape(info.get("description", ""))}\s*<|<ul\b)',
+            detail, 'description', default=None) or None
+        info['title'] = re.sub(r'\s*[,-][^,-]+$', '', info.get('title') or title) or self._generic_title(url)
+
+        def cat_tags(name, html):
+            l = self._html_search_regex(
+                rf'(?s)<span\b[^>]*>\s*{re.escape(name)}\s*:\s*</span>(.+?)</li>',
+                html, name, default='')
+            return list(filter(None, re.split(r'\s+', l)))
+
+        return merge_dicts({
+            'id': video_id,
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'categories': cat_tags('Categories', detail),
+            'tags': cat_tags('Tags', detail),
+            'uploader': self._html_search_regex(r'[Uu]ploaded\s+by\s(.+?)"', webpage, 'uploader', default=None),
+        }, info)
+
+
+class PeekVidsIE(PeekVidsBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
-        https?://(?:www\.)?peekvids\.com/
+        https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<domain>peekvids\.com)/
         (?:(?:[^/?#]+/){2}|embed/?\?(?:[^#]*&)?v=)
         (?P<id>[^/?&#]*)
     '''
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://peekvids.com/pc/dane-jones-cute-redhead-with-perfect-tits-with-mini-vamp/BSyLMbN0YCd',
-        'md5': 'a00940646c428e232407e3e62f0e8ef5',
+        'md5': '2ff6a357a9717dc9dc9894b51307e9a2',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'BSyLMbN0YCd',
-            'title': ' Dane Jones - Cute redhead with perfect tits with Mini Vamp, SEXYhub',
+            'id': '1262717',
+            'display_id': 'BSyLMbN0YCd',
+            'title': ' Dane Jones - Cute redhead with perfect tits with Mini Vamp',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
-            'description': 'Watch  Dane Jones - Cute redhead with perfect tits with Mini Vamp (7 min), uploaded by SEXYhub.com',
+            'description': 'md5:0a61df3620de26c0af8963b1a730cd69',
             'timestamp': 1642579329,
             'upload_date': '20220119',
             'duration': 416,
             'view_count': int,
             'age_limit': 18,
+            'uploader': 'SEXYhub.com',
+            'categories': list,
+            'tags': list,
         },
     }]
-    _DOMAIN = 'www.peekvids.com'
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-
-        short_video_id = self._html_search_regex(r'<video [^>]*data-id="(.+?)"', webpage, 'short video ID')
-        srcs = self._download_json(
-            f'https://{self._DOMAIN}/v-alt/{short_video_id}', video_id,
-            note='Downloading list of source files')
-        formats = [{
-            'url': url,
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'format_id': name[8:],
-        } for name, url in srcs.items() if len(name) > 8 and name.startswith('data-src')]
-        if not formats:
-            formats = [{'url': url} for url in srcs.values()]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        info = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, expected_type='VideoObject')
-        info.update({
-            'id': video_id,
-            'age_limit': 18,
-            'formats': formats,
-        })
-        return info
 
 
-class PlayVidsIE(PeekVidsIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?playvids\.com/(?:embed/|[^/]{2}/)?(?P<id>[^/?#]*)'
+class PlayVidsIE(PeekVidsBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<domain>playvids\.com)/(?:embed/|\w\w?/)?(?P<id>[^/?#]*)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.playvids.com/U3pBrYhsjXM/pc/dane-jones-cute-redhead-with-perfect-tits-with-mini-vamp',
-        'md5': 'cd7dfd8a2e815a45402369c76e3c1825',
+        'md5': '2f12e50213dd65f142175da633c4564c',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'U3pBrYhsjXM',
-            'title': ' Dane Jones - Cute redhead with perfect tits with Mini Vamp, SEXYhub',
+            'id': '1978030',
+            'display_id': 'U3pBrYhsjXM',
+            'title': ' Dane Jones - Cute redhead with perfect tits with Mini Vamp',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
-            'description': 'Watch  Dane Jones - Cute redhead with perfect tits with Mini Vamp video in HD, uploaded by SEXYhub.com',
+            'description': 'md5:0a61df3620de26c0af8963b1a730cd69',
             'timestamp': 1640435839,
             'upload_date': '20211225',
             'duration': 416,
             'view_count': int,
             'age_limit': 18,
+            'uploader': 'SEXYhub.com',
+            'categories': list,
+            'tags': list,
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.playvids.com/es/U3pBrYhsjXM/pc/dane-jones-cute-redhead-with-perfect-tits-with-mini-vamp',
@@ -74,5 +130,62 @@ class PlayVidsIE(PeekVidsIE):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.playvids.com/embed/U3pBrYhsjXM',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.playvids.com/bKmGLe3IwjZ/sv/brazzers-800-phone-sex-madison-ivy-always-on-the-line',
+        'md5': 'e783986e596cafbf46411a174ab42ba6',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '762385',
+            'display_id': 'bKmGLe3IwjZ',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Brazzers - 1 800 Phone Sex: Madison Ivy Always On The Line 6',
+            'description': 'md5:bdcd2db2b8ad85831a491d7c8605dcef',
+            'timestamp': 1516958544,
+            'upload_date': '20180126',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'duration': 480,
+            'uploader': 'Brazzers',
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'categories': list,
+            'tags': list,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.playvids.com/v/47iUho33toY',
+        'md5': 'b056b5049d34b648c1e86497cf4febce',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '700621',
+            'display_id': '47iUho33toY',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'KATEE OWEN STRIPTIASE IN SEXY RED LINGERIE',
+            'description': None,
+            'timestamp': 1507052209,
+            'upload_date': '20171003',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'duration': 332,
+            'uploader': 'Cacerenele',
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'categories': list,
+            'tags': list,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.playvids.com/z3_7iwWCmqt/sexy-teen-filipina-striptease-beautiful-pinay-bargirl-strips-and-dances',
+        'md5': 'efa09be9f031314b7b7e3bc6510cd0df',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1523518',
+            'display_id': 'z3_7iwWCmqt',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'SEXY TEEN FILIPINA STRIPTEASE - Beautiful Pinay Bargirl Strips and Dances',
+            'description': None,
+            'timestamp': 1607470323,
+            'upload_date': '20201208',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'duration': 593,
+            'uploader': 'yorours',
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'categories': list,
+            'tags': list,
+        },
     }]
-    _DOMAIN = 'www.playvids.com'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/peertube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/peertube.py
index 6d280e41c0..68e15737b9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/peertube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/peertube.py
@@ -1233,7 +1233,6 @@ class PeerTubeIE(InfoExtractor):
             else:
                 f['fps'] = int_or_none(file_.get('fps'))
             formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = video.get('description')
         if description and len(description) >= 250:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/peertv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/peertv.py
index 821abe496e..a709e21b44 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/peertv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/peertv.py
@@ -43,8 +43,6 @@ class PeerTVIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, video_id, m3u8_id='hls')
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': self._html_search_regex(r'<h1>(.+?)</h1>', webpage, 'title').replace('\xa0', ' '),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/peloton.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/peloton.py
index 3fc05d1f27..4835822cf5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/peloton.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/peloton.py
@@ -157,7 +157,6 @@ class PelotonIE(InfoExtractor):
             'title': segment.get('name')
         } for segment in traverse_obj(metadata, ('segments', 'segment_list'))]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': ride_data.get('title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/performgroup.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/performgroup.py
index 824495f40d..f4d7f22d0a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/performgroup.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/performgroup.py
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ class PerformGroupIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'vbr': int_or_none(c.get('videoRate'), 1000),
                 'abr': int_or_none(c.get('audioRate'), 1000),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/periscope.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/periscope.py
index 2ff6589d5f..84bcf1573a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/periscope.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/periscope.py
@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ class PeriscopeIE(PeriscopeBaseIE):
             }
             self._add_width_and_height(rtmp_format)
             formats.append(rtmp_format)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         info['formats'] = formats
         return info
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/philharmoniedeparis.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/philharmoniedeparis.py
index 5ea2b63933..e8494a0840 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/philharmoniedeparis.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/philharmoniedeparis.py
@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ class PhilharmonieDeParisIE(InfoExtractor):
                     m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
             if not formats and not self.get_param('ignore_no_formats'):
                 return
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             return {
                 'title': title,
                 'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/picarto.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/picarto.py
index 54999a832c..36a062def3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/picarto.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/picarto.py
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ class PicartoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.append({
                     'url': source_url,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         mature = metadata.get('adult')
         if mature is None:
@@ -114,7 +113,6 @@ class PicartoVodIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             vod_info['vod'], video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
             m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/piksel.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/piksel.py
index fba7242f5d..cc60b304e5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/piksel.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/piksel.py
@@ -153,8 +153,6 @@ class PikselIE(InfoExtractor):
                 re.sub(r'/od/[^/]+/', '/od/http/', smil_url), video_id,
                 transform_source=transform_source, fatal=False))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ('tbr', ))  # Incomplete resolution information
-
         subtitles = {}
         for caption in video_data.get('captions', []):
             caption_url = caption.get('url')
@@ -170,4 +168,5 @@ class PikselIE(InfoExtractor):
             'timestamp': parse_iso8601(video_data.get('dateadd')),
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('tbr', ),  # Incomplete resolution information
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pinkbike.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pinkbike.py
index 313b5cce0d..e4e1caaa25 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pinkbike.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pinkbike.py
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ class PinkbikeIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': format_id,
                 'height': height,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = remove_end(self._og_search_title(webpage), ' Video - Pinkbike')
         description = self._html_search_regex(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pinterest.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pinterest.py
index 171f9e4eb0..8361fbbc5f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pinterest.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pinterest.py
@@ -1,19 +1,24 @@
 import json
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..compat import compat_str
 from ..utils import (
     determine_ext,
     float_or_none,
     int_or_none,
-    try_get,
+    str_or_none,
+    strip_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
     unified_timestamp,
     url_or_none,
 )
 
 
 class PinterestBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL_BASE = r'https?://(?:[^/]+\.)?pinterest\.(?:com|fr|de|ch|jp|cl|ca|it|co\.uk|nz|ru|com\.au|at|pt|co\.kr|es|com\.mx|dk|ph|th|com\.uy|co|nl|info|kr|ie|vn|com\.vn|ec|mx|in|pe|co\.at|hu|co\.in|co\.nz|id|com\.ec|com\.py|tw|be|uk|com\.bo|com\.pe)'
+    _VALID_URL_BASE = r'''(?x)
+        https?://(?:[^/]+\.)?pinterest\.(?:
+            com|fr|de|ch|jp|cl|ca|it|co\.uk|nz|ru|com\.au|at|pt|co\.kr|es|com\.mx|
+            dk|ph|th|com\.uy|co|nl|info|kr|ie|vn|com\.vn|ec|mx|in|pe|co\.at|hu|
+            co\.in|co\.nz|id|com\.ec|com\.py|tw|be|uk|com\.bo|com\.pe)'''
 
     def _call_api(self, resource, video_id, options):
         return self._download_json(
@@ -24,14 +29,53 @@ class PinterestBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _extract_video(self, data, extract_formats=True):
         video_id = data['id']
+        thumbnails = []
+        images = data.get('images')
+        if isinstance(images, dict):
+            for thumbnail_id, thumbnail in images.items():
+                if not isinstance(thumbnail, dict):
+                    continue
+                thumbnail_url = url_or_none(thumbnail.get('url'))
+                if not thumbnail_url:
+                    continue
+                thumbnails.append({
+                    'url': thumbnail_url,
+                    'width': int_or_none(thumbnail.get('width')),
+                    'height': int_or_none(thumbnail.get('height')),
+                })
 
-        title = (data.get('title') or data.get('grid_title') or video_id).strip()
+        info = {
+            'title': strip_or_none(traverse_obj(data, 'title', 'grid_title', default='')),
+            'description': traverse_obj(data, 'seo_description', 'description'),
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(data.get('created_at')),
+            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
+            'uploader': traverse_obj(data, ('closeup_attribution', 'full_name')),
+            'uploader_id': str_or_none(traverse_obj(data, ('closeup_attribution', 'id'))),
+            'repost_count': int_or_none(data.get('repin_count')),
+            'comment_count': int_or_none(data.get('comment_count')),
+            'categories': traverse_obj(data, ('pin_join', 'visual_annotation'), expected_type=list),
+            'tags': traverse_obj(data, 'hashtags', expected_type=list),
+        }
 
         urls = []
         formats = []
         duration = None
-        if extract_formats:
-            for format_id, format_dict in data['videos']['video_list'].items():
+        domain = data.get('domain', '')
+        if domain.lower() != 'uploaded by user' and traverse_obj(data, ('embed', 'src')):
+            if not info['title']:
+                info['title'] = None
+            return {
+                '_type': 'url_transparent',
+                'url': data['embed']['src'],
+                **info,
+            }
+
+        elif extract_formats:
+            video_list = traverse_obj(
+                data, ('videos', 'video_list'),
+                ('story_pin_data', 'pages', ..., 'blocks', ..., 'video', 'video_list'),
+                expected_type=dict, get_all=False, default={})
+            for format_id, format_dict in video_list.items():
                 if not isinstance(format_dict, dict):
                     continue
                 format_url = url_or_none(format_dict.get('url'))
@@ -52,74 +96,80 @@ class PinterestBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'height': int_or_none(format_dict.get('height')),
                         'duration': duration,
                     })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        description = data.get('description') or data.get('description_html') or data.get('seo_description')
-        timestamp = unified_timestamp(data.get('created_at'))
-
-        def _u(field):
-            return try_get(data, lambda x: x['closeup_attribution'][field], compat_str)
-
-        uploader = _u('full_name')
-        uploader_id = _u('id')
-
-        repost_count = int_or_none(data.get('repin_count'))
-        comment_count = int_or_none(data.get('comment_count'))
-        categories = try_get(data, lambda x: x['pin_join']['visual_annotation'], list)
-        tags = data.get('hashtags')
-
-        thumbnails = []
-        images = data.get('images')
-        if isinstance(images, dict):
-            for thumbnail_id, thumbnail in images.items():
-                if not isinstance(thumbnail, dict):
-                    continue
-                thumbnail_url = url_or_none(thumbnail.get('url'))
-                if not thumbnail_url:
-                    continue
-                thumbnails.append({
-                    'url': thumbnail_url,
-                    'width': int_or_none(thumbnail.get('width')),
-                    'height': int_or_none(thumbnail.get('height')),
-                })
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': description,
-            'duration': duration,
-            'timestamp': timestamp,
-            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
-            'uploader': uploader,
-            'uploader_id': uploader_id,
-            'repost_count': repost_count,
-            'comment_count': comment_count,
-            'categories': categories,
-            'tags': tags,
             'formats': formats,
+            'duration': duration,
+            'webpage_url': f'https://www.pinterest.com/pin/{video_id}/',
             'extractor_key': PinterestIE.ie_key(),
+            'extractor': PinterestIE.IE_NAME,
+            **info,
         }
 
 
 class PinterestIE(PinterestBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'%s/pin/(?P<id>\d+)' % PinterestBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE
     _TESTS = [{
+        # formats found in data['videos']
         'url': 'https://www.pinterest.com/pin/664281013778109217/',
         'md5': '6550c2af85d6d9f3fe3b88954d1577fc',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '664281013778109217',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Origami',
-            'description': 'md5:b9d90ddf7848e897882de9e73344f7dd',
+            'description': 'md5:e29801cab7d741ea8c741bc50c8d00ab',
             'duration': 57.7,
             'timestamp': 1593073622,
             'upload_date': '20200625',
-            'uploader': 'Love origami -I am Dafei',
-            'uploader_id': '586523688879454212',
-            'repost_count': 50,
-            'comment_count': 0,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
             'categories': list,
             'tags': list,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)$',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # formats found in data['story_pin_data']
+        'url': 'https://www.pinterest.com/pin/1084663891475263837/',
+        'md5': '069ac19919ab9e1e13fa60de46290b03',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1084663891475263837',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Gadget, Cool products, Amazon product, technology, Kitchen gadgets',
+            'description': 'md5:d0a4b6ae996ff0c6eed83bc869598d13',
+            'uploader': 'CoolCrazyGadgets',
+            'uploader_id': '1084664028912989237',
+            'upload_date': '20211003',
+            'timestamp': 1633246654.0,
+            'duration': 14.9,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'categories': 'count:9',
+            'tags': list,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)$',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # vimeo.com embed
+        'url': 'https://www.pinterest.ca/pin/441282463481903715/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '111691128',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Tonite Let\'s All Make Love In London (1967)',
+            'description': 'md5:8190f37b3926807809ec57ec21aa77b2',
+            'uploader': 'Vimeo',
+            'uploader_id': '473792960706651251',
+            'upload_date': '20180120',
+            'timestamp': 1516409040,
+            'duration': 3404,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'categories': 'count:9',
+            'tags': [],
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)$',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://vimeo.com/willardandrade',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://co.pinterest.com/pin/824721750502199491/',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pixivsketch.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pixivsketch.py
index bfdb8b24e8..850c6f23d9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pixivsketch.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pixivsketch.py
@@ -71,7 +71,6 @@ class PixivSketchIE(PixivSketchBaseIE):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             m3u8_url, video_id, ext='mp4',
             entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pladform.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pladform.py
index 8be08a5bc2..dcf18e1f3b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pladform.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pladform.py
@@ -111,8 +111,6 @@ class PladformIE(InfoExtractor):
             if error:
                 fail(error)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
             'http://video.pladform.ru/catalog/video/videoid/%s' % video_id,
             video_id)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/planetmarathi.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/planetmarathi.py
index 03b9d6aaae..25753fe7ee 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/planetmarathi.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/planetmarathi.py
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ class PlanetMarathiIE(InfoExtractor):
                 asset_title = id.replace('-', ' ')
             asset_id = f'{asset["sk"]}_{id}'.replace('#', '-')
             formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(asset['mediaAssetURL'], asset_id)
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             entries.append({
                 'id': asset_id,
                 'title': asset_title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/platzi.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/platzi.py
index 29d3210ace..b8a4414940 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/platzi.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/platzi.py
@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ class PlatziIE(PlatziBaseIE):
                         format_url, lecture_id, mpd_id=format_id,
                         note='Downloading %s MPD manifest' % server_id,
                         fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         content = str_or_none(desc.get('content'))
         description = (clean_html(compat_b64decode(content).decode('utf-8'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/playplustv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/playplustv.py
index 05dbaf0661..316f220f79 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/playplustv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/playplustv.py
@@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ class PlayPlusTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'width': int_or_none(file_info.get('width')),
                 'height': int_or_none(file_info.get('height')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for thumb in media.get('thumbs', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/plays.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/plays.py
index 700dfe4077..9371f7b237 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/plays.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/plays.py
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ class PlaysTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': 'http-' + format_id,
                 'height': int_or_none(height),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         info.update({
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/playtvak.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/playtvak.py
index f7e5ddbe77..c418f88cb1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/playtvak.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/playtvak.py
@@ -160,7 +160,6 @@ class PlaytvakIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'quality': quality(fmt.get('quality')),
                 'preference': preference,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = item['title']
         is_live = item['type'] == 'stream'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/playvid.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/playvid.py
index 18aeda7de3..1e0989d0aa 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/playvid.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/playvid.py
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@ class PlayvidIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'height': height,
                         'url': val,
                     })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         # Extract title - should be in the flashvars; if not, look elsewhere
         if video_title is None:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/playwire.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/playwire.py
index 683dbf4a58..1057bff3a0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/playwire.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/playwire.py
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ class PlaywireIE(InfoExtractor):
         for a_format in formats:
             if not dict_get(a_format, ['tbr', 'width', 'height']):
                 a_format['quality'] = 1 if '-hd.' in a_format['url'] else 0
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pluralsight.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pluralsight.py
index b50152ad8b..809b65608f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pluralsight.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pluralsight.py
@@ -410,8 +410,6 @@ query viewClip {
                     })
                     formats.append(clip_f)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         duration = int_or_none(
             clip.get('duration')) or parse_duration(clip.get('formattedDuration'))
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/plutotv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/plutotv.py
index 6e8f46fa32..caffeb21df 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/plutotv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/plutotv.py
@@ -84,6 +84,17 @@ class PlutoTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         }, {
             'url': 'https://pluto.tv/it/on-demand/series/csi-vegas/episode/legacy-2021-1-1',
             'only_matching': True,
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://pluto.tv/en/on-demand/movies/attack-of-the-killer-tomatoes-1977-1-1-ptv1',
+            'md5': '7db56369c0da626a32d505ec6eb3f89f',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '5b190c7bb0875c36c90c29c4',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Attack of the Killer Tomatoes',
+                'description': 'A group of scientists band together to save the world from mutated tomatoes that KILL! (1978)',
+                'duration': 5700,
+            }
         }
     ]
 
@@ -103,7 +114,7 @@ class PlutoTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                     compat_urlparse.urljoin(first_segment_url.group(1), '0-end/master.m3u8'))
                 continue
             first_segment_url = re.search(
-                r'^(https?://.*/).+\-0+\.ts$', res,
+                r'^(https?://.*/).+\-0+[0-1]0\.ts$', res,
                 re.MULTILINE)
             if first_segment_url:
                 m3u8_urls.add(
@@ -135,7 +146,6 @@ class PlutoTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
 
         formats, subtitles = self._to_ad_free_formats(video_id, formats, subtitles)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         info = {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/podbayfm.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/podbayfm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a26fd2b36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/podbayfm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import OnDemandPagedList, int_or_none, jwt_decode_hs256, try_call
+
+
+def result_from_props(props, episode_id=None):
+    return {
+        'id': props.get('podcast_id') or episode_id,
+        'title': props.get('title'),
+        'url': props['mediaURL'],
+        'ext': 'mp3',
+        'thumbnail': try_call(lambda: jwt_decode_hs256(props['image'])['url']),
+        'timestamp': props.get('timestamp'),
+        'duration': int_or_none(props.get('duration')),
+    }
+
+
+class PodbayFMIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://podbay\.fm/p/[^/]*/e/(?P<id>[^/]*)/?(?:[\?#].*)?$'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://podbay.fm/p/behind-the-bastards/e/1647338400',
+        'md5': '98b41285dcf7989d105a4ed0404054cf',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1647338400',
+            'title': 'Part One: Kissinger',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'timestamp': 1647338400,
+            'duration': 5001,
+            'upload_date': '20220315',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        episode_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, episode_id)
+        data = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, episode_id)
+        return result_from_props(data['props']['pageProps']['episode'], episode_id)
+
+
+class PodbayFMChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://podbay\.fm/p/(?P<id>[^/]*)/?(?:[\?#].*)?$'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://podbay.fm/p/behind-the-bastards',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'behind-the-bastards',
+            'title': 'Behind the Bastards',
+        },
+    }]
+    _PAGE_SIZE = 10
+
+    def _fetch_page(self, channel_id, pagenum):
+        return self._download_json(
+            f'https://podbay.fm/api/podcast?reverse=true&page={pagenum}&slug={channel_id}',
+            channel_id)['podcast']
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _results_from_page(channel_id, page):
+        return [{
+            **result_from_props(e),
+            'extractor': PodbayFMIE.IE_NAME,
+            'extractor_key': PodbayFMIE.ie_key(),
+            # somehow they use timestamps as the episode identifier
+            'webpage_url': f'https://podbay.fm/p/{channel_id}/e/{e["timestamp"]}',
+        } for e in page['episodes']]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        channel_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        first_page = self._fetch_page(channel_id, 0)
+        entries = OnDemandPagedList(
+            lambda pagenum: self._results_from_page(
+                channel_id, self._fetch_page(channel_id, pagenum) if pagenum else first_page),
+            self._PAGE_SIZE)
+
+        return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id, first_page.get('title'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/polsatgo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/polsatgo.py
index e44d951e6e..1524a1fb9f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/polsatgo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/polsatgo.py
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ class PolsatGoIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         formats = list(self._extract_formats(
             try_get(media, lambda x: x['playback']['mediaSources']), video_id))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/polskieradio.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/polskieradio.py
index 514753b64d..68c4a2afd0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/polskieradio.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/polskieradio.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from ..compat import (
     compat_urlparse
 )
 from ..utils import (
+    determine_ext,
     extract_attributes,
     ExtractorError,
     InAdvancePagedList,
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ from ..utils import (
     js_to_json,
     parse_iso8601,
     strip_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
     unified_timestamp,
     unescapeHTML,
     url_or_none,
@@ -48,28 +50,11 @@ class PolskieRadioBaseExtractor(InfoExtractor):
             yield entry
 
 
-class PolskieRadioIE(PolskieRadioBaseExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?polskieradio(?:24)?\.pl/\d+/\d+/Artykul/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
-    _TESTS = [{  # Old-style single broadcast.
-        'url': 'http://www.polskieradio.pl/7/5102/Artykul/1587943,Prof-Andrzej-Nowak-o-historii-nie-da-sie-myslec-beznamietnie',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1587943',
-            'title': 'Prof. Andrzej Nowak: o historii nie da się myśleć beznamiętnie',
-            'description': 'md5:12f954edbf3120c5e7075e17bf9fc5c5',
-        },
-        'playlist': [{
-            'md5': '2984ee6ce9046d91fc233bc1a864a09a',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '1540576',
-                'ext': 'mp3',
-                'title': 'md5:d4623290d4ac983bf924061c75c23a0d',
-                'timestamp': 1456594200,
-                'upload_date': '20160227',
-                'duration': 2364,
-                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://static\.prsa\.pl/images/.*\.jpg$'
-            },
-        }],
-    }, {  # New-style single broadcast.
+class PolskieRadioLegacyIE(PolskieRadioBaseExtractor):
+    # legacy sites
+    IE_NAME = 'polskieradio:legacy'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?polskieradio(?:24)?\.pl/\d+/\d+/[Aa]rtykul/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.polskieradio.pl/8/2382/Artykul/2534482,Zagarysci-Poezja-jak-spoiwo',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '2534482',
@@ -96,16 +81,6 @@ class PolskieRadioIE(PolskieRadioBaseExtractor):
             'ext': 'mp3',
             'title': 'Pogłos 29 października godz. 23:01',
         },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://polskieradio.pl/9/305/Artykul/1632955,Bardzo-popularne-slowo-remis',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.polskieradio.pl/7/5102/Artykul/1587943',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        # with mp4 video
-        'url': 'http://www.polskieradio.pl/9/299/Artykul/1634903,Brexit-Leszek-Miller-swiat-sie-nie-zawali-Europa-bedzie-trwac-dalej',
-        'only_matching': True,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://polskieradio24.pl/130/4503/Artykul/2621876,Narusza-nasza-suwerennosc-Publicysci-o-uzaleznieniu-funduszy-UE-od-praworzadnosci',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -114,7 +89,9 @@ class PolskieRadioIE(PolskieRadioBaseExtractor):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
 
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
+        webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(url, playlist_id)
+        if PolskieRadioIE.suitable(urlh.url):
+            return self.url_result(urlh.url, PolskieRadioIE, playlist_id)
 
         content = self._search_regex(
             r'(?s)<div[^>]+class="\s*this-article\s*"[^>]*>(.+?)<div[^>]+class="tags"[^>]*>',
@@ -153,23 +130,160 @@ class PolskieRadioIE(PolskieRadioBaseExtractor):
         return self.playlist_result(entries, playlist_id, title, description)
 
 
-class PolskieRadioCategoryIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?polskieradio\.pl/\d+(?:,[^/]+)?/(?P<id>\d+)'
+class PolskieRadioIE(InfoExtractor):
+    # new next.js sites, excluding radiokierowcow.pl
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:[^/]+\.)?polskieradio(?:24)?\.pl/artykul/(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.polskieradio.pl/7/5102,HISTORIA-ZYWA',
+        'url': 'https://jedynka.polskieradio.pl/artykul/1587943',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1587943',
+            'title': 'Prof. Andrzej Nowak: o historii nie da się myśleć beznamiętnie',
+            'description': 'md5:12f954edbf3120c5e7075e17bf9fc5c5',
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'md5': '2984ee6ce9046d91fc233bc1a864a09a',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '7a85d429-5356-4def-a347-925e4ae7406b',
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'title': 'md5:d4623290d4ac983bf924061c75c23a0d',
+            },
+        }],
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://trojka.polskieradio.pl/artykul/1632955',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # with mp4 video
+        'url': 'https://trojka.polskieradio.pl/artykul/1634903',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://jedynka.polskieradio.pl/artykul/3042436,Polityka-wschodnia-ojca-i-syna-Wladyslawa-Lokietka-i-Kazimierza-Wielkiego',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
+
+        article_data = traverse_obj(
+            self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, playlist_id), ('props', 'pageProps', 'data', 'articleData'))
+
+        title = strip_or_none(article_data['title'])
+
+        description = strip_or_none(article_data.get('lead'))
+
+        entries = [{
+            'url': entry['file'],
+            'ext': determine_ext(entry.get('fileName')),
+            'id': self._search_regex(
+                r'([a-f\d]{8}-(?:[a-f\d]{4}-){3}[a-f\d]{12})', entry['file'], 'entry id'),
+            'title': strip_or_none(entry.get('description')) or title,
+        } for entry in article_data.get('attachments') or () if entry['fileType'] in ('Audio', )]
+
+        return self.playlist_result(entries, playlist_id, title, description)
+
+
+class PolskieRadioAuditionIE(InfoExtractor):
+    # new next.js sites
+    IE_NAME = 'polskieradio:audition'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:[^/]+\.)?polskieradio\.pl/audycj[ae]/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        # articles, PR1
+        'url': 'https://jedynka.polskieradio.pl/audycje/5102',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '5102',
-            'title': 'HISTORIA ŻYWA',
+            'title': 'Historia żywa',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://static\.prsa\.pl/images/.+',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 38,
     }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.polskieradio.pl/7/4807',
+        # episodes, PR1
+        'url': 'https://jedynka.polskieradio.pl/audycje/5769',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '4807',
-            'title': 'Vademecum 1050. rocznicy Chrztu Polski'
+            'id': '5769',
+            'title': 'AgroFakty',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://static\.prsa\.pl/images/.+',
         },
-        'playlist_mincount': 5
+        'playlist_mincount': 269,
     }, {
+        # both episodes and articles, PR3
+        'url': 'https://trojka.polskieradio.pl/audycja/8906',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '8906',
+            'title': 'Trójka budzi',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://static\.prsa\.pl/images/.+',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 722,
+    }]
+
+    def _call_lp3(self, path, query, video_id, note):
+        return self._download_json(
+            f'https://lp3test.polskieradio.pl/{path}', video_id, note,
+            query=query, headers={'x-api-key': '9bf6c5a2-a7d0-4980-9ed7-a3f7291f2a81'})
+
+    def _entries(self, playlist_id, has_episodes, has_articles):
+        for i in itertools.count(1) if has_episodes else []:
+            page = self._call_lp3(
+                'AudioArticle/GetListByCategoryId', {
+                    'categoryId': playlist_id,
+                    'PageSize': 10,
+                    'skip': i,
+                    'format': 400,
+                }, playlist_id, f'Downloading episode list page {i}')
+            if not traverse_obj(page, 'data'):
+                break
+            for episode in page['data']:
+                yield {
+                    'id': str(episode['id']),
+                    'url': episode['file'],
+                    'title': episode.get('title'),
+                    'duration': int_or_none(episode.get('duration')),
+                    'timestamp': parse_iso8601(episode.get('datePublic')),
+                }
+
+        for i in itertools.count(1) if has_articles else []:
+            page = self._call_lp3(
+                'Article/GetListByCategoryId', {
+                    'categoryId': playlist_id,
+                    'PageSize': 9,
+                    'skip': i,
+                    'format': 400,
+                }, playlist_id, f'Downloading article list page {i}')
+            if not traverse_obj(page, 'data'):
+                break
+            for article in page['data']:
+                yield {
+                    '_type': 'url_transparent',
+                    'ie_key': PolskieRadioIE.ie_key(),
+                    'id': str(article['id']),
+                    'url': article['url'],
+                    'title': article.get('shortTitle'),
+                    'description': traverse_obj(article, ('description', 'lead')),
+                    'timestamp': parse_iso8601(article.get('datePublic')),
+                }
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        page_props = traverse_obj(
+            self._search_nextjs_data(self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id), playlist_id),
+            ('props', 'pageProps', ('data', None)), get_all=False)
+
+        has_episodes = bool(traverse_obj(page_props, 'episodes', 'audios'))
+        has_articles = bool(traverse_obj(page_props, 'articles'))
+
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            self._entries(playlist_id, has_episodes, has_articles), playlist_id,
+            title=traverse_obj(page_props, ('details', 'name')),
+            description=traverse_obj(page_props, ('details', 'description', 'lead')),
+            thumbnail=traverse_obj(page_props, ('details', 'photo')))
+
+
+class PolskieRadioCategoryIE(InfoExtractor):
+    # legacy sites
+    IE_NAME = 'polskieradio:category'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?polskieradio\.pl/\d+(?:,[^/]+)?/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://www.polskieradio.pl/7/129,Sygnaly-dnia?ref=source',
         'only_matching': True
     }, {
@@ -186,9 +300,6 @@ class PolskieRadioCategoryIE(InfoExtractor):
             'title': 'Muzyka',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 61
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.polskieradio.pl/7,Jedynka/5102,HISTORIA-ZYWA',
-        'only_matching': True,
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.polskieradio.pl/8,Dwojka/196,Publicystyka',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -196,7 +307,7 @@ class PolskieRadioCategoryIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     @classmethod
     def suitable(cls, url):
-        return False if PolskieRadioIE.suitable(url) else super(PolskieRadioCategoryIE, cls).suitable(url)
+        return False if PolskieRadioLegacyIE.suitable(url) else super().suitable(url)
 
     def _entries(self, url, page, category_id):
         content = page
@@ -209,7 +320,7 @@ class PolskieRadioCategoryIE(InfoExtractor):
                 if not href:
                     continue
                 yield self.url_result(
-                    compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, href), PolskieRadioIE.ie_key(),
+                    compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, href), PolskieRadioLegacyIE,
                     entry_id, entry.get('title'))
             mobj = re.search(
                 r'<div[^>]+class=["\']next["\'][^>]*>\s*<a[^>]+href=(["\'])(?P<url>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
@@ -222,7 +333,9 @@ class PolskieRadioCategoryIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         category_id = self._match_id(url)
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, category_id)
+        webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(url, category_id)
+        if PolskieRadioAuditionIE.suitable(urlh.url):
+            return self.url_result(urlh.url, PolskieRadioAuditionIE, category_id)
         title = self._html_search_regex(
             r'<title>([^<]+) - [^<]+ - [^<]+</title>',
             webpage, 'title', fatal=False)
@@ -295,8 +408,6 @@ class PolskieRadioPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': stream_url,
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': compat_str(channel['id']),
             'formats': formats,
@@ -360,7 +471,7 @@ class PolskieRadioPodcastListIE(PolskieRadioPodcastBaseExtractor):
             'entries': InAdvancePagedList(
                 get_page, math.ceil(data['itemCount'] / self._PAGE_SIZE), self._PAGE_SIZE),
             'id': str(data['id']),
-            'title': data['title'],
+            'title': data.get('title'),
             'description': data.get('description'),
             'uploader': data.get('announcer'),
         }
@@ -376,6 +487,10 @@ class PolskieRadioPodcastIE(PolskieRadioPodcastBaseExtractor):
             'ext': 'mp3',
             'title': 'Theresa May rezygnuje. Co dalej z brexitem?',
             'description': 'md5:e41c409a29d022b70ef0faa61dbded60',
+            'episode': 'Theresa May rezygnuje. Co dalej z brexitem?',
+            'duration': 2893,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://static.prsa.pl/images/58649376-c8a0-4ba2-a714-78b383285f5f.jpg',
+            'series': 'Raport o stanie świata',
         },
     }]
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/porn91.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/porn91.py
index af4a0dc9c7..7d16a16319 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/porn91.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/porn91.py
@@ -1,26 +1,48 @@
+import urllib.parse
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
-    parse_duration,
+    determine_ext,
     int_or_none,
+    parse_duration,
+    remove_end,
+    unified_strdate,
     ExtractorError,
 )
 
 
 class Porn91IE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = '91porn'
-    _VALID_URL = r'(?:https?://)(?:www\.|)91porn\.com/.+?\?viewkey=(?P<id>[\w\d]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'(?:https?://)(?:www\.|)91porn\.com/view_video.php\?([^#]+&)?viewkey=(?P<id>\w+)'
 
-    _TEST = {
+    _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://91porn.com/view_video.php?viewkey=7e42283b4f5ab36da134',
-        'md5': '7fcdb5349354f40d41689bd0fa8db05a',
+        'md5': 'd869db281402e0ef4ddef3c38b866f86',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '7e42283b4f5ab36da134',
             'title': '18岁大一漂亮学妹，水嫩性感，再爽一次！',
+            'description': 'md5:1ff241f579b07ae936a54e810ad2e891',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'duration': 431,
+            'upload_date': '20150520',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
             'age_limit': 18,
         }
-    }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://91porn.com/view_video.php?viewkey=7ef0cf3d362c699ab91c',
+        'md5': 'f8fd50540468a6d795378cd778b40226',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '7ef0cf3d362c699ab91c',
+            'title': '真实空乘，冲上云霄第二部',
+            'description': 'md5:618bf9652cafcc66cd277bd96789baea',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'duration': 248,
+            'upload_date': '20221119',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
@@ -29,32 +51,45 @@ class Porn91IE(InfoExtractor):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
             'http://91porn.com/view_video.php?viewkey=%s' % video_id, video_id)
 
-        if '作为游客，你每天只可观看10个视频' in webpage:
-            raise ExtractorError('91 Porn says: Daily limit 10 videos exceeded', expected=True)
+        if '视频不存在,可能已经被删除或者被举报为不良内容!' in webpage:
+            raise ExtractorError('91 Porn says: Video does not exist', expected=True)
 
-        title = self._search_regex(
-            r'<div id="viewvideo-title">([^<]+)</div>', webpage, 'title')
-        title = title.replace('\n', '')
+        daily_limit = self._search_regex(
+            r'作为游客，你每天只可观看([\d]+)个视频', webpage, 'exceeded daily limit', default=None, fatal=False)
+        if daily_limit:
+            raise ExtractorError(f'91 Porn says: Daily limit {daily_limit} videos exceeded', expected=True)
 
         video_link_url = self._search_regex(
-            r'<textarea[^>]+id=["\']fm-video_link[^>]+>([^<]+)</textarea>',
-            webpage, 'video link')
-        videopage = self._download_webpage(video_link_url, video_id)
+            r'document\.write\(\s*strencode2\s*\(\s*((?:"[^"]+")|(?:\'[^\']+\'))', webpage, 'video link')
+        video_link_url = self._search_regex(
+            r'src=["\']([^"\']+)["\']', urllib.parse.unquote(video_link_url), 'unquoted video link')
 
-        info_dict = self._parse_html5_media_entries(url, videopage, video_id)[0]
+        formats, subtitles = self._get_formats_and_subtitle(video_link_url, video_id)
 
-        duration = parse_duration(self._search_regex(
-            r'时长:\s*</span>\s*(\d+:\d+)', webpage, 'duration', fatal=False))
-
-        comment_count = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
-            r'留言:\s*</span>\s*(\d+)', webpage, 'comment count', fatal=False))
-
-        info_dict.update({
+        return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'duration': duration,
-            'comment_count': comment_count,
-            'age_limit': self._rta_search(webpage),
-        })
+            'title': remove_end(self._html_extract_title(webpage).replace('\n', ''), 'Chinese homemade video').strip(),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'upload_date': unified_strdate(self._search_regex(
+                r'<span\s+class=["\']title-yakov["\']>(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})</span>', webpage, 'upload_date', fatal=False)),
+            'description': self._html_search_regex(
+                r'<span\s+class=["\']more title["\']>\s*([^<]+)', webpage, 'description', fatal=False),
+            'duration': parse_duration(self._search_regex(
+                r'时长:\s*<span[^>]*>\s*(\d+(?::\d+){1,2})', webpage, 'duration', fatal=False)),
+            'comment_count': int_or_none(self._search_regex(
+                r'留言:\s*<span[^>]*>\s*(\d+)\s*</span>', webpage, 'comment count', fatal=False)),
+            'view_count': int_or_none(self._search_regex(
+                r'热度:\s*<span[^>]*>\s*(\d+)\s*</span>', webpage, 'view count', fatal=False)),
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
 
-        return info_dict
+    def _get_formats_and_subtitle(self, video_link_url, video_id):
+        ext = determine_ext(video_link_url)
+        if ext == 'm3u8':
+            formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(video_link_url, video_id, ext='mp4')
+        else:
+            formats = [{'url': video_link_url, 'ext': ext}]
+            subtitles = {}
+
+        return formats, subtitles
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/porncom.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/porncom.py
index 2ebd3fa096..c8ef240d70 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/porncom.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/porncom.py
@@ -73,8 +73,6 @@ class PornComIE(InfoExtractor):
             thumbnail = None
             duration = None
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
             (r'Views:\s*</span>\s*<span>\s*([\d,.]+)',
              r'class=["\']views["\'][^>]*><p>([\d,.]+)'), webpage,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornez.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornez.py
index df0e44a699..3a22cb8210 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornez.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornez.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import int_or_none
+from ..utils import int_or_none, urljoin
 
 
 class PornezIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ class PornezIE(InfoExtractor):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
         iframe_src = self._html_search_regex(
-            r'<iframe[^>]+src="(https?://pornez\.net/player/\?[^"]+)"', webpage, 'iframe', fatal=True)
+            r'<iframe[^>]+src="([^"]+)"', webpage, 'iframe', fatal=True)
+        iframe_src = urljoin('https://pornez.net', iframe_src)
         title = self._html_search_meta(['name', 'twitter:title', 'og:title'], webpage, 'title', default=None)
         if title is None:
             title = self._search_regex(r'<h1>(.*?)</h1>', webpage, 'title', fatal=True)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornflip.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornflip.py
index 26536bc656..51a9cf38f7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornflip.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornflip.py
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ class PornFlipIE(InfoExtractor):
             r'class="btn btn-down-rating[^>]*>[^<]*<i[^>]*>[^<]*</i>[^>]*<span[^>]*>[^0-9]*([0-9]+)[^<0-9]*<', webpage, 'dislike_count', fatal=False)
         mpd_url = self._search_regex(r'"([^"]+userscontent.net/dash/[0-9]+/manifest.mpd[^"]*)"', webpage, 'mpd_url').replace('&amp;', '&')
         formats = self._extract_mpd_formats(mpd_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'age_limit': 18,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornhd.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornhd.py
index 06a44ddd14..c8a1ec80b5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornhd.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornhd.py
@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@ class PornHdIE(InfoExtractor):
             })
         if formats:
             info['formats'] = formats
-        self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
 
         description = self._html_search_regex(
             (r'(?s)<section[^>]+class=["\']video-description[^>]+>(?P<value>.+?)</section>',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornhub.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornhub.py
index 6afaf5e6e7..5d8d7c100a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornhub.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornhub.py
@@ -456,10 +456,6 @@ class PornHubIE(PornHubBaseIE):
                 continue
             add_format(video_url)
 
-        # field_preference is unnecessary here, but kept for code-similarity with youtube-dl
-        self._sort_formats(
-            formats, field_preference=('height', 'width', 'fps', 'format_id'))
-
         model_profile = self._search_json(
             r'var\s+MODEL_PROFILE\s*=', webpage, 'model profile', video_id, fatal=False)
         video_uploader = self._html_search_regex(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornovoisines.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornovoisines.py
index 96d2da7c75..aa48da06b9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornovoisines.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornovoisines.py
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ class PornoVoisinesIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'height': item.get('height'),
                         'bitrate': item.get('bitrate'),
                     })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/pr0gramm.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/pr0gramm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2eb327fba1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pr0gramm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import re
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import merge_dicts
+
+
+class Pr0grammStaticIE(InfoExtractor):
+    # Possible urls:
+    # https://pr0gramm.com/static/5466437
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://pr0gramm\.com/static/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
+    _TEST = {
+        'url': 'https://pr0gramm.com/static/5466437',
+        'md5': '52fa540d70d3edc286846f8ca85938aa',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5466437',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'pr0gramm-5466437 by g11st',
+            'uploader': 'g11st',
+            'upload_date': '20221221',
+        }
+    }
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        # Fetch media sources
+        entries = self._parse_html5_media_entries(url, webpage, video_id)
+        media_info = entries[0]
+
+        # Fetch author
+        uploader = self._html_search_regex(r'by\W+([\w-]+)\W+', webpage, 'uploader')
+
+        # Fetch approx upload timestamp from filename
+        # Have None-defaults in case the extraction fails
+        uploadDay = None
+        uploadMon = None
+        uploadYear = None
+        uploadTimestr = None
+        # (//img.pr0gramm.com/2022/12/21/62ae8aa5e2da0ebf.mp4)
+        m = re.search(r'//img\.pr0gramm\.com/(?P<year>[\d]+)/(?P<mon>[\d]+)/(?P<day>[\d]+)/\w+\.\w{,4}', webpage)
+
+        if (m):
+            # Up to a day of accuracy should suffice...
+            uploadDay = m.groupdict().get('day')
+            uploadMon = m.groupdict().get('mon')
+            uploadYear = m.groupdict().get('year')
+            uploadTimestr = uploadYear + uploadMon + uploadDay
+
+        return merge_dicts({
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': 'pr0gramm-%s%s' % (video_id, (' by ' + uploader) if uploader else ''),
+            'uploader': uploader,
+            'upload_date': uploadTimestr
+        }, media_info)
+
+
+# This extractor is for the primary url (used for sharing, and appears in the
+# location bar) Since this page loads the DOM via JS, yt-dl can't find any
+# video information here. So let's redirect to a compatibility version of
+# the site, which does contain the <video>-element  by itself,  without requiring
+# js to be ran.
+class Pr0grammIE(InfoExtractor):
+    # Possible urls:
+    # https://pr0gramm.com/new/546637
+    # https://pr0gramm.com/new/video/546637
+    # https://pr0gramm.com/top/546637
+    # https://pr0gramm.com/top/video/546637
+    # https://pr0gramm.com/user/g11st/uploads/5466437
+    # https://pr0gramm.com/user/froschler/dafur-ist-man-hier/5091290
+    # https://pr0gramm.com/user/froschler/reinziehen-1elf/5232030
+    # https://pr0gramm.com/user/froschler/1elf/5232030
+    # https://pr0gramm.com/new/5495710:comment62621020 <- this is not the id!
+    # https://pr0gramm.com/top/fruher war alles damals/5498175
+
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?:\/\/pr0gramm\.com\/(?!static/\d+).+?\/(?P<id>[\d]+)(:|$)'
+    _TEST = {
+        'url': 'https://pr0gramm.com/new/video/5466437',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5466437',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'pr0gramm-5466437 by g11st',
+            'uploader': 'g11st',
+            'upload_date': '20221221',
+        }
+    }
+
+    def _generic_title():
+        return "oof"
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        return self.url_result(
+            'https://pr0gramm.com/static/' + video_id,
+            video_id=video_id,
+            ie=Pr0grammStaticIE.ie_key())
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/prankcast.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/prankcast.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b2ec5bbb86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/prankcast.py
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import parse_iso8601, traverse_obj, try_call
+
+
+class PrankCastIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?prankcast\.com/[^/?#]+/showreel/(?P<id>\d+)-(?P<display_id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://prankcast.com/Devonanustart/showreel/1561-Beverly-is-back-like-a-heart-attack-',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1561',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'Beverly is back like a heart attack!',
+            'display_id': 'Beverly-is-back-like-a-heart-attack-',
+            'timestamp': 1661391575,
+            'uploader': 'Devonanustart',
+            'channel_id': 4,
+            'duration': 7918,
+            'cast': ['Devonanustart', 'Phonelosers'],
+            'description': '',
+            'categories': ['prank'],
+            'tags': ['prank call', 'prank', 'live show'],
+            'upload_date': '20220825'
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://prankcast.com/phonelosers/showreel/2048-NOT-COOL',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2048',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'NOT COOL',
+            'display_id': 'NOT-COOL',
+            'timestamp': 1665028364,
+            'uploader': 'phonelosers',
+            'channel_id': 6,
+            'duration': 4044,
+            'cast': ['phonelosers'],
+            'description': '',
+            'categories': ['prank'],
+            'tags': ['prank call', 'prank', 'live show'],
+            'upload_date': '20221006'
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id, display_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'display_id')
+
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        json_info = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, video_id)['props']['pageProps']['ssr_data_showreel']
+
+        uploader = json_info.get('user_name')
+        guests_json = self._parse_json(json_info.get('guests_json') or '{}', video_id)
+        start_date = parse_iso8601(json_info.get('start_date'))
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': json_info.get('broadcast_title') or self._og_search_title(webpage),
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'url': f'{json_info["broadcast_url"]}{json_info["recording_hash"]}.mp3',
+            'timestamp': start_date,
+            'uploader': uploader,
+            'channel_id': json_info.get('user_id'),
+            'duration': try_call(lambda: parse_iso8601(json_info['end_date']) - start_date),
+            'cast': list(filter(None, [uploader] + traverse_obj(guests_json, (..., 'name')))),
+            'description': json_info.get('broadcast_description'),
+            'categories': [json_info.get('broadcast_category')],
+            'tags': try_call(lambda: json_info['broadcast_tags'].split(','))
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/projectveritas.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/projectveritas.py
index e4aa4bd35c..0e029ce8cd 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/projectveritas.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/projectveritas.py
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ class ProjectVeritasIE(InfoExtractor):
             raise ExtractorError('No video on the provided url.', expected=True)
         playback_id = traverse_obj(mux_asset, 'playbackId', ('en-US', 'playbackId'))
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(f'https://stream.mux.com/{playback_id}.m3u8', video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': main_data['title'],
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/prosiebensat1.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/prosiebensat1.py
index cb5ada1b9a..46e2e8a8fa 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/prosiebensat1.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/prosiebensat1.py
@@ -156,7 +156,6 @@ class ProSiebenSat1BaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                                 'tbr': tbr,
                                 'format_id': 'http%s' % ('-%d' % tbr if tbr else ''),
                             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'duration': float_or_none(video.get('duration')),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/puhutv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/puhutv.py
index a5dac1dff5..482e5705f0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/puhutv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/puhutv.py
@@ -111,7 +111,6 @@ class PuhuTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 format_id += '-%sp' % quality
             f['format_id'] = format_id
             formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         creator = try_get(
             show, lambda x: x['producer']['name'], compat_str)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/qingting.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/qingting.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa690d4920
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/qingting.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+from ..utils import traverse_obj
+
+
+class QingTingIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.|m\.)?(?:qingting\.fm|qtfm\.cn)/v?channels/(?P<channel>\d+)/programs/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.qingting.fm/channels/378005/programs/22257411/',
+        'md5': '47e6a94f4e621ed832c316fd1888fb3c',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '22257411',
+            'title': '用了十年才修改，谁在乎教科书？',
+            'channel_id': '378005',
+            'channel': '睡前消息',
+            'uploader': '马督工',
+            'ext': 'm4a',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://m.qtfm.cn/vchannels/378005/programs/23023573/',
+        'md5': '2703120b6abe63b5fa90b975a58f4c0e',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '23023573',
+            'title': '【睡前消息488】重庆山火之后，有图≠真相',
+            'channel_id': '378005',
+            'channel': '睡前消息',
+            'uploader': '马督工',
+            'ext': 'm4a',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        channel_id, pid = self._match_valid_url(url).group('channel', 'id')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(
+            f'https://m.qtfm.cn/vchannels/{channel_id}/programs/{pid}/', pid)
+        info = self._search_json(r'window\.__initStores\s*=', webpage, 'program info', pid)
+        return {
+            'id': pid,
+            'title': traverse_obj(info, ('ProgramStore', 'programInfo', 'title')),
+            'channel_id': channel_id,
+            'channel': traverse_obj(info, ('ProgramStore', 'channelInfo', 'title')),
+            'uploader': traverse_obj(info, ('ProgramStore', 'podcasterInfo', 'podcaster', 'nickname')),
+            'url': traverse_obj(info, ('ProgramStore', 'programInfo', 'audioUrl')),
+            'vcodec': 'none',
+            'acodec': 'm4a',
+            'ext': 'm4a',
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/qqmusic.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/qqmusic.py
index fa2454df45..92858259a5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/qqmusic.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/qqmusic.py
@@ -122,7 +122,6 @@ class QQMusicIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'abr': details.get('abr'),
             })
         self._check_formats(formats, mid)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         actual_lrc_lyrics = ''.join(
             line + '\n' for line in re.findall(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/r7.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/r7.py
index b459efceb5..f067a0571b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/r7.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/r7.py
@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@ class R7IE(InfoExtractor):
                 f_copy['protocol'] = 'http'
                 f = f_copy
             formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = video.get('description')
         thumbnail = video.get('thumb')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/radiko.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/radiko.py
index 498cc6be94..7fdf782831 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/radiko.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/radiko.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import base64
-import re
 import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
@@ -15,6 +14,23 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 class RadikoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _FULL_KEY = None
+    _HOSTS_FOR_TIME_FREE_FFMPEG_UNSUPPORTED = (
+        'https://c-rpaa.smartstream.ne.jp',
+        'https://si-c-radiko.smartstream.ne.jp',
+        'https://tf-f-rpaa-radiko.smartstream.ne.jp',
+        'https://tf-c-rpaa-radiko.smartstream.ne.jp',
+        'https://si-f-radiko.smartstream.ne.jp',
+        'https://rpaa.smartstream.ne.jp',
+    )
+    _HOSTS_FOR_TIME_FREE_FFMPEG_SUPPORTED = (
+        'https://rd-wowza-radiko.radiko-cf.com',
+        'https://radiko.jp',
+        'https://f-radiko.smartstream.ne.jp',
+    )
+    # Following URL forcibly connects not Time Free but Live
+    _HOSTS_FOR_LIVE = (
+        'https://c-radiko.smartstream.ne.jp',
+    )
 
     def _auth_client(self):
         _, auth1_handle = self._download_webpage_handle(
@@ -92,9 +108,9 @@ class RadikoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = []
         found = set()
         for url_tag in m3u8_urls:
-            pcu = url_tag.find('playlist_create_url')
+            pcu = url_tag.find('playlist_create_url').text
             url_attrib = url_tag.attrib
-            playlist_url = update_url_query(pcu.text, {
+            playlist_url = update_url_query(pcu, {
                 'station_id': station,
                 **query,
                 'l': '15',
@@ -118,14 +134,14 @@ class RadikoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'X-Radiko-AuthToken': auth_token,
                 })
             for sf in subformats:
-                if re.fullmatch(r'[cf]-radiko\.smartstream\.ne\.jp', domain):
-                    # Prioritize live radio vs playback based on extractor
-                    sf['preference'] = 100 if is_onair else -100
+                if (is_onair ^ pcu.startswith(self._HOSTS_FOR_LIVE)) or (
+                        not is_onair and pcu.startswith(self._HOSTS_FOR_TIME_FREE_FFMPEG_UNSUPPORTED)):
+                    sf['preference'] = -100
+                    sf['format_note'] = 'not preferred'
                 if not is_onair and url_attrib['timefree'] == '1' and time_to_skip:
                     sf['downloader_options'] = {'ffmpeg_args': ['-ss', time_to_skip]}
             formats.extend(subformats)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/radiocanada.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/radiocanada.py
index dd6f899a48..72c21d5022 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/radiocanada.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/radiocanada.py
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ class RadioCanadaIE(InfoExtractor):
             raise ExtractorError(
                 '%s said: %s' % (self.IE_NAME, error), expected=True)
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(v_url, video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         closed_caption_url = get_meta('closedCaption') or get_meta('closedCaptionHTML5')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/radiode.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/radiode.py
index befb0b72b4..32c36d5577 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/radiode.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/radiode.py
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ class RadioDeIE(InfoExtractor):
             'abr': stream['bitRate'],
             'asr': stream['sampleRate']
         } for stream in broadcast['streamUrls']]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': radio_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/radiofrance.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/radiofrance.py
index 7b60b2617b..92e51b7f45 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/radiofrance.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/radiofrance.py
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ class RadioFranceIE(InfoExtractor):
             for i, fm in
             enumerate(re.findall(r"([a-z0-9]+)\s*:\s*'([^']+)'", formats_str))
         ]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -84,7 +83,7 @@ class FranceCultureIE(InfoExtractor):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
 
         # _search_json_ld doesn't correctly handle this. See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/3874#discussion_r891903846
-        video_data = self._search_json('', webpage, 'audio data', display_id, contains_pattern=r'\s*"@type"\s*:\s*"AudioObject"\s*.+')
+        video_data = self._search_json('', webpage, 'audio data', display_id, contains_pattern=r'{\s*"@type"\s*:\s*"AudioObject".+}')
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/radiojavan.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/radiojavan.py
index 6a61188991..6a91394668 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/radiojavan.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/radiojavan.py
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ class RadioJavanIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': format_id,
             })
             formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._og_search_title(webpage)
         thumbnail = self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/radlive.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/radlive.py
index d89c9563b2..9bcbb11d54 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/radlive.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/radlive.py
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ class RadLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             raise ExtractorError('Unable to extract video info, make sure the URL is valid')
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(video_info['assets']['videos'][0]['url'], video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         data = video_info.get('structured_data', {})
 
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ class RadLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
         return result
 
 
-class RadLiveSeasonIE(RadLiveIE):
+class RadLiveSeasonIE(RadLiveIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'radlive:season'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?rad\.live/content/season/(?P<id>[a-f0-9-]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ class RadLiveSeasonIE(RadLiveIE):
         return self.playlist_result(entries, season_id, video_info.get('title'))
 
 
-class RadLiveChannelIE(RadLiveIE):
+class RadLiveChannelIE(RadLiveIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'radlive:channel'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?rad\.live/content/channel/(?P<id>[a-f0-9-]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rai.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rai.py
index 6ed8227eb6..cab12cc214 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rai.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rai.py
@@ -313,7 +313,6 @@ class RaiPlayIE(RaiBaseIE):
         video = media['video']
 
         relinker_info = self._extract_relinker_info(video['content_url'], video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(relinker_info['formats'])
 
         thumbnails = []
         for _, value in media.get('images', {}).items():
@@ -356,7 +355,7 @@ class RaiPlayIE(RaiBaseIE):
         }
 
 
-class RaiPlayLiveIE(RaiPlayIE):
+class RaiPlayLiveIE(RaiPlayIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base>https?://(?:www\.)?raiplay\.it/dirette/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+))'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://www.raiplay.it/dirette/rainews24',
@@ -504,7 +503,7 @@ class RaiPlaySoundIE(RaiBaseIE):
         }
 
 
-class RaiPlaySoundLiveIE(RaiPlaySoundIE):
+class RaiPlaySoundLiveIE(RaiPlaySoundIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base>https?://(?:www\.)?raiplaysound\.it/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)$)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.raiplaysound.it/radio2',
@@ -621,8 +620,6 @@ class RaiIE(RaiBaseIE):
         else:
             raise ExtractorError('not a media file')
 
-        self._sort_formats(relinker_info['formats'])
-
         thumbnails = []
         for image_type in ('image', 'image_medium', 'image_300'):
             thumbnail_url = media.get(image_type)
@@ -703,7 +700,6 @@ class RaiIE(RaiBaseIE):
 
         relinker_info = self._extract_relinker_info(
             urljoin(url, relinker_url), video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(relinker_info['formats'])
 
         title = self._search_regex(
             r'var\s+videoTitolo\s*=\s*([\'"])(?P<title>[^\'"]+)\1',
@@ -717,7 +713,7 @@ class RaiIE(RaiBaseIE):
         }
 
 
-class RaiNewsIE(RaiIE):
+class RaiNewsIE(RaiIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = rf'https?://(www\.)?rainews\.it/(?!articoli)[^?#]+-(?P<id>{RaiBaseIE._UUID_RE})(?:-[^/?#]+)?\.html'
     _EMBED_REGEX = [rf'<iframe[^>]+data-src="(?P<url>/iframe/[^?#]+?{RaiBaseIE._UUID_RE}\.html)']
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -772,8 +768,6 @@ class RaiNewsIE(RaiIE):
 
         relinker_info = self._extract_relinker_info(urljoin(url, relinker_url), video_id)
 
-        self._sort_formats(relinker_info['formats'])
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': track_info.get('title') or self._og_search_title(webpage),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rbgtum.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rbgtum.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47649cfc58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rbgtum.py
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+import re
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class RbgTumIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https://live\.rbg\.tum\.de/w/(?P<id>.+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        # Combined view
+        'url': 'https://live.rbg.tum.de/w/cpp/22128',
+        'md5': '53a5e7b3e07128e33bbf36687fe1c08f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'cpp/22128',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Lecture: October 18. 2022',
+            'series': 'Concepts of C++ programming (IN2377)',
+        }
+    }, {
+        # Presentation only
+        'url': 'https://live.rbg.tum.de/w/I2DL/12349/PRES',
+        'md5': '36c584272179f3e56b0db5d880639cba',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'I2DL/12349/PRES',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Lecture 3: Introduction to Neural Networks',
+            'series': 'Introduction to Deep Learning (IN2346)',
+        }
+    }, {
+        # Camera only
+        'url': 'https://live.rbg.tum.de/w/fvv-info/16130/CAM',
+        'md5': 'e04189d92ff2f56aedf5cede65d37aad',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'fvv-info/16130/CAM',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Fachschaftsvollversammlung',
+            'series': 'Fachschaftsvollversammlung Informatik',
+        }
+    }, ]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        m3u8 = self._html_search_regex(r'(https://.+?\.m3u8)', webpage, 'm3u8')
+        lecture_title = self._html_search_regex(r'(?si)<h1.*?>(.*)</h1>', webpage, 'title')
+        lecture_series_title = self._html_search_regex(
+            r'(?s)<title\b[^>]*>\s*(?:TUM-Live\s\|\s?)?([^:]+):?.*?</title>', webpage, 'series')
+
+        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls')
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': lecture_title,
+            'series': lecture_series_title,
+            'formats': formats,
+        }
+
+
+class RbgTumCourseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https://live\.rbg\.tum\.de/course/(?P<id>.+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://live.rbg.tum.de/course/2022/S/fpv',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'Funktionale Programmierung und Verifikation (IN0003)',
+            'id': '2022/S/fpv',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'noplaylist': False,
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 13,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://live.rbg.tum.de/course/2022/W/set',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'SET FSMPIC',
+            'id': '2022/W/set',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'noplaylist': False,
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 6,
+    }, ]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        course_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, course_id)
+
+        lecture_series_title = self._html_search_regex(r'(?si)<h1.*?>(.*)</h1>', webpage, 'title')
+
+        lecture_urls = []
+        for lecture_url in re.findall(r'(?i)href="/w/(.+)(?<!/cam)(?<!/pres)(?<!/chat)"', webpage):
+            lecture_urls.append(self.url_result('https://live.rbg.tum.de/w/' + lecture_url, ie=RbgTumIE.ie_key()))
+
+        return self.playlist_result(lecture_urls, course_id, lecture_series_title)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rcs.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rcs.py
index 28ba42eedc..2440858ca1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rcs.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rcs.py
@@ -2,10 +2,19 @@ import re
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
-    clean_html,
     ExtractorError,
-    js_to_json,
+    HEADRequest,
     base_url,
+    clean_html,
+    extract_attributes,
+    get_element_html_by_class,
+    get_element_html_by_id,
+    int_or_none,
+    js_to_json,
+    mimetype2ext,
+    sanitize_url,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_call,
     url_basename,
     urljoin,
 )
@@ -15,41 +24,8 @@ class RCSBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     # based on VideoPlayerLoader.prototype.getVideoSrc
     # and VideoPlayerLoader.prototype.transformSrc from
     # https://js2.corriereobjects.it/includes2013/LIBS/js/corriere_video.sjs
-    _ALL_REPLACE = {
-        'media2vam.corriere.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2vam-corriere-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media.youreporter.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media-youreporter-it.akamaized.net',
-        'corrierepmd.corriere.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'corrierepmd-corriere-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media2vam-corriere-it.akamaized.net/fcs.quotidiani/vr/videos/':
-            'video.corriere.it/vr360/videos/',
-        '.net//': '.net/',
-    }
-    _MP4_REPLACE = {
-        'media2vam.corbologna.corriere.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2vam-bologna-corriere-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media2vam.corfiorentino.corriere.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2vam-fiorentino-corriere-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media2vam.cormezzogiorno.corriere.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2vam-mezzogiorno-corriere-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media2vam.corveneto.corriere.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2vam-veneto-corriere-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media2.oggi.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2-oggi-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media2.quimamme.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2-quimamme-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media2.amica.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2-amica-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media2.living.corriere.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2-living-corriere-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media2.style.corriere.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2-style-corriere-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media2.iodonna.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2-iodonna-it.akamaized.net',
-        'media2.leitv.it.edgesuite.net':
-            'media2-leitv-it.akamaized.net',
-    }
+    _UUID_RE = r'[\da-f]{8}-[\da-f]{4}-[\da-f]{4}-[\da-f]{4}-[\da-f]{12}'
+    _RCS_ID_RE = r'[\w-]+-\d{10}'
     _MIGRATION_MAP = {
         'videoamica-vh.akamaihd': 'amica',
         'media2-amica-it.akamaized': 'amica',
@@ -90,184 +66,140 @@ class RCSBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         'vivimilano-vh.akamaihd': 'vivimilano',
         'media2-youreporter-it.akamaized': 'youreporter'
     }
-    _MIGRATION_MEDIA = {
-        'advrcs-vh.akamaihd': '',
-        'corriere-f.akamaihd': '',
-        'corrierepmd-corriere-it.akamaized': '',
-        'corrprotetto-vh.akamaihd': '',
-        'gazzetta-f.akamaihd': '',
-        'gazzettapmd-gazzetta-it.akamaized': '',
-        'gazzprotetto-vh.akamaihd': '',
-        'periodici-f.akamaihd': '',
-        'periodicisecure-vh.akamaihd': '',
-        'videocoracademy-vh.akamaihd': ''
-    }
 
     def _get_video_src(self, video):
-        mediaFiles = video.get('mediaProfile').get('mediaFile')
-        src = {}
-        # audio
-        if video.get('mediaType') == 'AUDIO':
-            for aud in mediaFiles:
-                # todo: check
-                src['mp3'] = aud.get('value')
-        # video
-        else:
-            for vid in mediaFiles:
-                if vid.get('mimeType') == 'application/vnd.apple.mpegurl':
-                    src['m3u8'] = vid.get('value')
-                if vid.get('mimeType') == 'video/mp4':
-                    src['mp4'] = vid.get('value')
+        for source in traverse_obj(video, (
+                'mediaProfile', 'mediaFile', lambda _, v: v.get('mimeType'))):
+            url = source['value']
+            for s, r in (
+                ('media2vam.corriere.it.edgesuite.net', 'media2vam-corriere-it.akamaized.net'),
+                ('media.youreporter.it.edgesuite.net', 'media-youreporter-it.akamaized.net'),
+                ('corrierepmd.corriere.it.edgesuite.net', 'corrierepmd-corriere-it.akamaized.net'),
+                ('media2vam-corriere-it.akamaized.net/fcs.quotidiani/vr/videos/', 'video.corriere.it/vr360/videos/'),
+                ('http://', 'https://'),
+            ):
+                url = url.replace(s, r)
 
-        # replace host
-        for t in src:
-            for s, r in self._ALL_REPLACE.items():
-                src[t] = src[t].replace(s, r)
-            for s, r in self._MP4_REPLACE.items():
-                src[t] = src[t].replace(s, r)
+            type_ = mimetype2ext(source['mimeType'])
+            if type_ == 'm3u8' and '-vh.akamaihd' in url:
+                # still needed for some old content: see _TESTS #3
+                matches = re.search(r'(?:https?:)?//(?P<host>[\w\.\-]+)\.net/i(?P<path>.+)$', url)
+                if matches:
+                    url = f'https://vod.rcsobjects.it/hls/{self._MIGRATION_MAP[matches.group("host")]}{matches.group("path")}'
+            if traverse_obj(video, ('mediaProfile', 'geoblocking')) or (
+                    type_ == 'm3u8' and 'fcs.quotidiani_!' in url):
+                url = url.replace('vod.rcsobjects', 'vod-it.rcsobjects')
+            if type_ == 'm3u8' and 'vod' in url:
+                url = url.replace('.csmil', '.urlset')
+            if type_ == 'mp3':
+                url = url.replace('media2vam-corriere-it.akamaized.net', 'vod.rcsobjects.it/corriere')
 
-        # switch cdn
-        if 'mp4' in src and 'm3u8' in src:
-            if ('-lh.akamaihd' not in src.get('m3u8')
-                    and 'akamai' in src.get('mp4')):
-                if 'm3u8' in src:
-                    matches = re.search(r'(?:https*:)?\/\/(?P<host>.*)\.net\/i(?P<path>.*)$', src.get('m3u8'))
-                    src['m3u8'] = 'https://vod.rcsobjects.it/hls/%s%s' % (
-                        self._MIGRATION_MAP[matches.group('host')],
-                        matches.group('path').replace(
-                            '///', '/').replace(
-                            '//', '/').replace(
-                            '.csmil', '.urlset'
-                        )
-                    )
-                if 'mp4' in src:
-                    matches = re.search(r'(?:https*:)?\/\/(?P<host>.*)\.net\/i(?P<path>.*)$', src.get('mp4'))
-                    if matches:
-                        if matches.group('host') in self._MIGRATION_MEDIA:
-                            vh_stream = 'https://media2.corriereobjects.it'
-                            if src.get('mp4').find('fcs.quotidiani_!'):
-                                vh_stream = 'https://media2-it.corriereobjects.it'
-                            src['mp4'] = '%s%s' % (
-                                vh_stream,
-                                matches.group('path').replace(
-                                    '///', '/').replace(
-                                    '//', '/').replace(
-                                    '/fcs.quotidiani/mediacenter', '').replace(
-                                    '/fcs.quotidiani_!/mediacenter', '').replace(
-                                    'corriere/content/mediacenter/', '').replace(
-                                    'gazzetta/content/mediacenter/', '')
-                            )
-                        else:
-                            src['mp4'] = 'https://vod.rcsobjects.it/%s%s' % (
-                                self._MIGRATION_MAP[matches.group('host')],
-                                matches.group('path').replace('///', '/').replace('//', '/')
-                            )
+            yield {
+                'type': type_,
+                'url': url,
+                'bitrate': source.get('bitrate')
+            }
 
-        if 'mp3' in src:
-            src['mp3'] = src.get('mp3').replace(
-                'media2vam-corriere-it.akamaized.net',
-                'vod.rcsobjects.it/corriere')
-        if 'mp4' in src:
-            if src.get('mp4').find('fcs.quotidiani_!'):
-                src['mp4'] = src.get('mp4').replace('vod.rcsobjects', 'vod-it.rcsobjects')
-        if 'm3u8' in src:
-            if src.get('m3u8').find('fcs.quotidiani_!'):
-                src['m3u8'] = src.get('m3u8').replace('vod.rcsobjects', 'vod-it.rcsobjects')
+    def _create_http_formats(self, m3u8_formats, video_id):
+        for f in m3u8_formats:
+            if f['vcodec'] == 'none':
+                continue
+            http_url = re.sub(r'(https?://[^/]+)/hls/([^?#]+?\.mp4).+', r'\g<1>/\g<2>', f['url'])
+            if http_url == f['url']:
+                continue
 
-        if 'geoblocking' in video.get('mediaProfile'):
-            if 'm3u8' in src:
-                src['m3u8'] = src.get('m3u8').replace('vod.rcsobjects', 'vod-it.rcsobjects')
-            if 'mp4' in src:
-                src['mp4'] = src.get('mp4').replace('vod.rcsobjects', 'vod-it.rcsobjects')
-        if 'm3u8' in src:
-            if src.get('m3u8').find('csmil') and src.get('m3u8').find('vod'):
-                src['m3u8'] = src.get('m3u8').replace('.csmil', '.urlset')
+            http_f = f.copy()
+            del http_f['manifest_url']
+            format_id = try_call(lambda: http_f['format_id'].replace('hls-', 'https-'))
+            urlh = self._request_webpage(HEADRequest(http_url), video_id, fatal=False,
+                                         note=f'Check filesize for {format_id}')
+            if not urlh:
+                continue
 
-        return src
-
-    def _create_formats(self, urls, video_id):
-        formats = []
-        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-            urls.get('m3u8'), video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
-            m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
-
-        if urls.get('mp4'):
-            formats.append({
-                'format_id': 'http-mp4',
-                'url': urls['mp4']
+            http_f.update({
+                'format_id': format_id,
+                'url': http_url,
+                'protocol': 'https',
+                'filesize_approx': int_or_none(urlh.headers.get('Content-Length', None)),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-        return formats
+            yield http_f
+
+    def _create_formats(self, sources, video_id):
+        for source in sources:
+            if source['type'] == 'm3u8':
+                m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                    source['url'], video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
+                yield from m3u8_formats
+                yield from self._create_http_formats(m3u8_formats, video_id)
+            elif source['type'] == 'mp3':
+                yield {
+                    'format_id': 'https-mp3',
+                    'ext': 'mp3',
+                    'acodec': 'mp3',
+                    'vcodec': 'none',
+                    'abr': source.get('bitrate'),
+                    'url': source['url'],
+                }
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
-        video_id = mobj.group('id')
+        cdn, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('cdn', 'id')
+        display_id, video_data = None, None
 
-        if 'cdn' not in mobj.groupdict():
-            raise ExtractorError('CDN not found in url: %s' % url)
-
-        # for leitv/youreporter/viaggi don't use the embed page
-        if ((mobj.group('cdn') not in ['leitv.it', 'youreporter.it'])
-                and (mobj.group('vid') == 'video')):
-            url = 'https://video.%s/video-embed/%s' % (mobj.group('cdn'), video_id)
-
-        page = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-
-        video_data = None
-        # look for json video data url
-        json = self._search_regex(
-            r'''(?x)url\s*=\s*(["'])
-            (?P<url>
-                (?:https?:)?//video\.rcs\.it
-                /fragment-includes/video-includes/.+?\.json
-            )\1;''',
-            page, video_id, group='url', default=None)
-        if json:
-            if json.startswith('//'):
-                json = 'https:%s' % json
-            video_data = self._download_json(json, video_id)
-
-        # if json url not found, look for json video data directly in the page
+        if re.match(self._UUID_RE, video_id) or re.match(self._RCS_ID_RE, video_id):
+            url = f'https://video.{cdn}/video-json/{video_id}'
         else:
-            # RCS normal pages and most of the embeds
-            json = self._search_regex(
-                r'[\s;]video\s*=\s*({[\s\S]+?})(?:;|,playlist=)',
-                page, video_id, default=None)
-            if not json and 'video-embed' in url:
-                page = self._download_webpage(url.replace('video-embed', 'video-json'), video_id)
-                json = self._search_regex(
-                    r'##start-video##({[\s\S]+?})##end-video##',
-                    page, video_id, default=None)
-            if not json:
-                # if no video data found try search for iframes
-                emb = RCSEmbedsIE._extract_url(page)
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+            data_config = get_element_html_by_id('divVideoPlayer', webpage) or get_element_html_by_class('divVideoPlayer', webpage)
+
+            if data_config:
+                data_config = self._parse_json(
+                    extract_attributes(data_config).get('data-config'),
+                    video_id, fatal=False) or {}
+                if data_config.get('newspaper'):
+                    cdn = f'{data_config["newspaper"]}.it'
+                display_id, video_id = video_id, data_config.get('uuid') or video_id
+                url = f'https://video.{cdn}/video-json/{video_id}'
+            else:
+                json_url = self._search_regex(
+                    r'''(?x)url\s*=\s*(["'])
+                    (?P<url>
+                        (?:https?:)?//video\.rcs\.it
+                        /fragment-includes/video-includes/[^"']+?\.json
+                    )\1;''',
+                    webpage, video_id, group='url', default=None)
+                if json_url:
+                    video_data = self._download_json(sanitize_url(json_url, scheme='https'), video_id)
+                    display_id, video_id = video_id, video_data.get('id') or video_id
+
+        if not video_data:
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+            video_data = self._search_json(
+                '##start-video##', webpage, 'video data', video_id, default=None,
+                end_pattern='##end-video##', transform_source=js_to_json)
+
+            if not video_data:
+                # try search for iframes
+                emb = RCSEmbedsIE._extract_url(webpage)
                 if emb:
                     return {
                         '_type': 'url_transparent',
                         'url': emb,
                         'ie_key': RCSEmbedsIE.ie_key()
                     }
-            if json:
-                video_data = self._parse_json(
-                    json, video_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
 
         if not video_data:
             raise ExtractorError('Video data not found in the page')
 
-        formats = self._create_formats(
-            self._get_video_src(video_data), video_id)
-
-        description = (video_data.get('description')
-                       or clean_html(video_data.get('htmlDescription'))
-                       or self._html_search_meta('description', page))
-        uploader = video_data.get('provider') or mobj.group('cdn')
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
+            'display_id': display_id,
             'title': video_data.get('title'),
-            'description': description,
-            'uploader': uploader,
-            'formats': formats
+            'description': (clean_html(video_data.get('description'))
+                            or clean_html(video_data.get('htmlDescription'))
+                            or self._html_search_meta('description', webpage)),
+            'uploader': video_data.get('provider') or cdn,
+            'formats': list(self._create_formats(self._get_video_src(video_data), video_id)),
         }
 
 
@@ -297,7 +229,7 @@ class RCSEmbedsIE(RCSBaseIE):
             \1''']
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://video.rcs.it/video-embed/iodonna-0001585037',
-        'md5': '623ecc8ffe7299b2d0c1046d8331a9df',
+        'md5': '0faca97df525032bb9847f690bc3720c',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'iodonna-0001585037',
             'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -306,38 +238,31 @@ class RCSEmbedsIE(RCSBaseIE):
             'uploader': 'rcs.it',
         }
     }, {
-        # redownload the page changing 'video-embed' in 'video-json'
         'url': 'https://video.gazzanet.gazzetta.it/video-embed/gazzanet-mo05-0000260789',
-        'md5': 'a043e3fecbe4d9ed7fc5d888652a5440',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'gazzanet-mo05-0000260789',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Valentino Rossi e papà Graziano si divertono col drifting',
-            'description': 'md5:a8bf90d6adafd9815f70fc74c0fc370a',
-            'uploader': 'rcd',
-        }
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://video.corriere.it/video-embed/b727632a-f9d0-11ea-91b0-38d50a849abb?player',
         'match_only': True
     }, {
         'url': 'https://video.gazzetta.it/video-embed/49612410-00ca-11eb-bcd8-30d4253e0140',
         'match_only': True
     }]
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.iodonna.it/video-iodonna/personaggi-video/monica-bellucci-piu-del-lavoro-oggi-per-me-sono-importanti-lamicizia-e-la-famiglia/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'iodonna-0002033648',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Monica Bellucci: «Più del lavoro, oggi per me sono importanti l\'amicizia e la famiglia»',
+            'description': 'md5:daea6d9837351e56b1ab615c06bebac1',
+            'uploader': 'rcs.it',
+        }
+    }]
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _sanitize_urls(urls):
-        # add protocol if missing
-        for i, e in enumerate(urls):
-            if e.startswith('//'):
-                urls[i] = 'https:%s' % e
-        # clean iframes urls
-        for i, e in enumerate(urls):
-            urls[i] = urljoin(base_url(e), url_basename(e))
-        return urls
+    def _sanitize_url(url):
+        url = sanitize_url(url, scheme='https')
+        return urljoin(base_url(url), url_basename(url))
 
     @classmethod
     def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
-        return cls._sanitize_urls(tuple(super()._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage)))
+        return map(cls._sanitize_url, super()._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage))
 
 
 class RCSIE(RCSBaseIE):
@@ -350,37 +275,53 @@ class RCSIE(RCSBaseIE):
                         |corrierefiorentino\.
                     )?corriere\.it
                     |(?:gazzanet\.)?gazzetta\.it)
-                    /(?!video-embed/).+?/(?P<id>[^/\?]+)(?=\?|/$|$)'''
+                    /(?!video-embed/)[^?#]+?/(?P<id>[^/\?]+)(?=\?|/$|$)'''
     _TESTS = [{
+        # json iframe directly from id
         'url': 'https://video.corriere.it/sport/formula-1/vettel-guida-ferrari-sf90-mugello-suo-fianco-c-elecrerc-bendato-video-esilarante/b727632a-f9d0-11ea-91b0-38d50a849abb',
-        'md5': '0f4ededc202b0f00b6e509d831e2dcda',
+        'md5': '14946840dec46ecfddf66ba4eea7d2b2',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'b727632a-f9d0-11ea-91b0-38d50a849abb',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Vettel guida la Ferrari SF90 al Mugello e al suo fianco c\'è Leclerc (bendato): il video è esilarante',
-            'description': 'md5:93b51c9161ac8a64fb2f997b054d0152',
+            'description': 'md5:3915ce5ebb3d2571deb69a5eb85ac9b5',
             'uploader': 'Corriere Tv',
         }
     }, {
-        # video data inside iframe
+        # search for video id inside the page
         'url': 'https://viaggi.corriere.it/video/norvegia-il-nuovo-ponte-spettacolare-sopra-la-cascata-di-voringsfossen/',
-        'md5': 'da378e4918d2afbf7d61c35abb948d4c',
+        'md5': 'f22a92d9e666e80f2fffbf2825359c81',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '5b7cd134-e2c1-11ea-89b3-b56dd0df2aa2',
+            'display_id': 'norvegia-il-nuovo-ponte-spettacolare-sopra-la-cascata-di-voringsfossen',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'La nuova spettacolare attrazione in Norvegia: il ponte sopra Vøringsfossen',
             'description': 'md5:18b35a291f6746c0c8dacd16e5f5f4f8',
             'uploader': 'DOVE Viaggi',
         }
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://video.gazzetta.it/video-motogp-catalogna-cadute-dovizioso-vale-rossi/49612410-00ca-11eb-bcd8-30d4253e0140?vclk=Videobar',
-        'md5': 'eedc1b5defd18e67383afef51ff7bdf9',
+        # only audio format https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5683
+        'url': 'https://video.corriere.it/cronaca/audio-telefonata-il-papa-becciu-santita-lettera-che-mi-ha-inviato-condanna/b94c0d20-70c2-11ed-9572-e4b947a0ebd2',
+        'md5': 'aaffb08d02f2ce4292a4654694c78150',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '49612410-00ca-11eb-bcd8-30d4253e0140',
+            'id': 'b94c0d20-70c2-11ed-9572-e4b947a0ebd2',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'L\'audio della telefonata tra il Papa e Becciu: «Santità, la lettera che mi ha inviato è una condanna»',
+            'description': 'md5:c0ddb61bd94a8d4e0d4bb9cda50a689b',
+            'uploader': 'Corriere Tv',
+            'formats': [{'format_id': 'https-mp3', 'ext': 'mp3'}],
+        }
+    }, {
+        # old content still needs cdn migration
+        'url': 'https://viaggi.corriere.it/video/milano-varallo-sesia-sul-treno-a-vapore/',
+        'md5': '2dfdce7af249654ad27eeba03fe1e08d',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'd8f6c8d0-f7d7-11e8-bfca-f74cf4634191',
+            'display_id': 'milano-varallo-sesia-sul-treno-a-vapore',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Dovizioso, il contatto con Zarco e la caduta. E anche Vale finisce a terra',
-            'description': 'md5:8c6e905dc3b9413218beca11ebd69778',
-            'uploader': 'AMorici',
+            'title': 'Milano-Varallo Sesia sul treno a vapore',
+            'description': 'md5:6348f47aac230397fe341a74f7678d53',
+            'uploader': 'DOVE Viaggi',
         }
     }, {
         'url': 'https://video.corriere.it/video-360/metro-copenaghen-tutta-italiana/a248a7f0-e2db-11e9-9830-af2de6b1f945',
@@ -392,13 +333,15 @@ class RCSVariousIE(RCSBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)https?://www\.
                     (?P<cdn>
                         leitv\.it|
-                        youreporter\.it
+                        youreporter\.it|
+                        amica\.it
                     )/(?:[^/]+/)?(?P<id>[^/]+?)(?:$|\?|/)'''
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://www.leitv.it/benessere/mal-di-testa-come-combatterlo-ed-evitarne-la-comparsa/',
-        'md5': '92b4e63667b8f95acb0a04da25ae28a1',
+        'url': 'https://www.leitv.it/benessere/mal-di-testa/',
+        'md5': '3b7a683d105a7313ec7513b014443631',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'mal-di-testa-come-combatterlo-ed-evitarne-la-comparsa',
+            'id': 'leitv-0000125151',
+            'display_id': 'mal-di-testa',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Cervicalgia e mal di testa, il video con i suggerimenti dell\'esperto',
             'description': 'md5:ae21418f34cee0b8d02a487f55bcabb5',
@@ -406,12 +349,24 @@ class RCSVariousIE(RCSBaseIE):
         }
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.youreporter.it/fiume-sesia-3-ottobre-2020/',
-        'md5': '8dccd436b47a830bab5b4a88232f391a',
+        'md5': '3989b6d603482611a2abd2f32b79f739',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'fiume-sesia-3-ottobre-2020',
+            'id': 'youreporter-0000332574',
+            'display_id': 'fiume-sesia-3-ottobre-2020',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Fiume Sesia 3 ottobre 2020',
             'description': 'md5:0070eef1cc884d13c970a4125063de55',
             'uploader': 'youreporter.it',
         }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.amica.it/video-post/saint-omer-al-cinema-il-film-leone-dargento-che-ribalta-gli-stereotipi/',
+        'md5': '187cce524dfd0343c95646c047375fc4',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'amica-0001225365',
+            'display_id': 'saint-omer-al-cinema-il-film-leone-dargento-che-ribalta-gli-stereotipi',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '"Saint Omer": al cinema il film Leone d\'argento che ribalta gli stereotipi',
+            'description': 'md5:b1c8869c2dcfd6073a2a311ba0008aa8',
+            'uploader': 'rcs.it',
+        }
     }]
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rcti.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rcti.py
index 0cfecbc9a8..27b4ad7bbc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rcti.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rcti.py
@@ -194,8 +194,6 @@ class RCTIPlusIE(RCTIPlusBaseIE):
             if 'akamaized' in f['url'] or 'cloudfront' in f['url']:
                 f.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Referer'] = 'https://www.rctiplus.com/'  # Referer header is required for akamai/cloudfront CDNs
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_meta.get('product_id') or video_json.get('product_id'),
             'title': dict_get(video_meta, ('title', 'name')) or dict_get(video_json, ('content_name', 'assets_name')),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/redbee.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/redbee.py
index ee510eb40f..b59b518b13 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/redbee.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/redbee.py
@@ -117,13 +117,10 @@ class ParliamentLiveUKIE(RedBeeBaseIE):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
 
         formats, subtitles = self._get_formats_and_subtitles(video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         video_info = self._download_json(
             f'https://www.parliamentlive.tv/Event/GetShareVideo/{video_id}', video_id, fatal=False)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ['res', 'proto'])
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
@@ -132,6 +129,7 @@ class ParliamentLiveUKIE(RedBeeBaseIE):
             'thumbnail': traverse_obj(video_info, 'thumbnailUrl'),
             'timestamp': traverse_obj(
                 video_info, ('event', 'publishedStartTime'), expected_type=unified_timestamp),
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('res', 'proto'),
         }
 
 
@@ -366,7 +364,6 @@ class RTBFIE(RedBeeBaseIE):
             formats.extend(fmts)
             self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ['res', 'proto'])
         return {
             'id': media_id,
             'formats': formats,
@@ -378,4 +375,5 @@ class RTBFIE(RedBeeBaseIE):
             'series': data.get('programLabel'),
             'subtitles': subtitles,
             'is_live': is_live,
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('res', 'proto'),
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/redbulltv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/redbulltv.py
index 2f0e41c5b8..a01bc8434c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/redbulltv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/redbulltv.py
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ class RedBullTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
             'https://dms.redbull.tv/v3/%s/%s/playlist.m3u8' % (video_id, token),
             video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         for resource in video.get('resources', []):
             if resource.startswith('closed_caption_'):
@@ -110,7 +109,7 @@ class RedBullTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         return self.extract_info(video_id)
 
 
-class RedBullEmbedIE(RedBullTVIE):
+class RedBullEmbedIE(RedBullTVIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?redbull\.com/embed/(?P<id>rrn:content:[^:]+:[\da-f]{8}-[\da-f]{4}-[\da-f]{4}-[\da-f]{4}-[\da-f]{12}:[a-z]{2}-[A-Z]{2,3})'
     _TESTS = [{
         # HLS manifest accessible only using assetId
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/reddit.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/reddit.py
index aabc8dba9b..9dba3eca8f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/reddit.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/reddit.py
@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
 import random
-from urllib.parse import urlparse
+import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
-    int_or_none,
     float_or_none,
+    int_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
     try_get,
     unescapeHTML,
     url_or_none,
-    traverse_obj
 )
 
 
 class RedditIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?P<subdomain>[^/]+\.)?reddit(?:media)?\.com/r/(?P<slug>[^/]+/comments/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+))'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?P<subdomain>[^/]+\.)?reddit(?:media)?\.com/(?P<slug>(?:r|user)/[^/]+/comments/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+))'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.reddit.com/r/videos/comments/6rrwyj/that_small_heart_attack/',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -32,10 +32,83 @@ class RedditIE(InfoExtractor):
             'dislike_count': int,
             'comment_count': int,
             'age_limit': 0,
+            'channel_id': 'videos',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+    }, {
+        # 1080p fallback format
+        'url': 'https://www.reddit.com/r/aww/comments/90bu6w/heat_index_was_110_degrees_so_we_offered_him_a/',
+        'md5': '8b5902cfda3006bf90faea7adf765a49',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'gyh95hiqc0b11',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'display_id': '90bu6w',
+            'title': 'Heat index was 110 degrees so we offered him a cold drink. He went for a full body soak instead',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:7',
+            'timestamp': 1532051078,
+            'upload_date': '20180720',
+            'uploader': 'FootLoosePickleJuice',
+            'duration': 14,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'channel_id': 'aww',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # User post
+        'url': 'https://www.reddit.com/user/creepyt0es/comments/nip71r/i_plan_to_make_more_stickers_and_prints_check/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'zasobba6wp071',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'display_id': 'nip71r',
+            'title': 'I plan to make more stickers and prints! Check them out on my Etsy! Or get them through my Patreon. Links below.',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:5',
+            'timestamp': 1621709093,
+            'upload_date': '20210522',
+            'uploader': 'creepyt0es',
+            'duration': 6,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'channel_id': 'u_creepyt0es',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }, {
+        # videos embedded in reddit text post
+        'url': 'https://www.reddit.com/r/KamenRider/comments/wzqkxp/finale_kamen_rider_revice_episode_50_family_to/',
+        'playlist_count': 2,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'wzqkxp',
+            'title': 'md5:72d3d19402aa11eff5bd32fc96369b37',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # crossposted reddit-hosted media
+        'url': 'https://www.reddit.com/r/dumbfuckers_club/comments/zjjw82/cringe/',
+        'md5': '746180895c7b75a9d6b05341f507699a',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'a1oneun6pa5a1',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'display_id': 'zjjw82',
+            'title': 'Cringe',
+            'uploader': 'Otaku-senpai69420',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+            'upload_date': '20221212',
+            'timestamp': 1670812309,
+            'duration': 16,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'channel_id': 'dumbfuckers_club',
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.reddit.com/r/videos/comments/6rrwyj',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -75,17 +148,13 @@ class RedditIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         self._set_cookie('.reddit.com', 'reddit_session', self._gen_session_id())
         self._set_cookie('.reddit.com', '_options', '%7B%22pref_quarantine_optin%22%3A%20true%7D')
-        data = self._download_json(f'https://{subdomain}reddit.com/r/{slug}/.json', video_id, fatal=False)
+        data = self._download_json(f'https://{subdomain}reddit.com/{slug}/.json', video_id, fatal=False)
         if not data:
             # Fall back to old.reddit.com in case the requested subdomain fails
-            data = self._download_json(f'https://old.reddit.com/r/{slug}/.json', video_id)
+            data = self._download_json(f'https://old.reddit.com/{slug}/.json', video_id)
         data = data[0]['data']['children'][0]['data']
         video_url = data['url']
 
-        # Avoid recursing into the same reddit URL
-        if 'reddit.com/' in video_url and '/%s/' % video_id in video_url:
-            raise ExtractorError('No media found', expected=True)
-
         over_18 = data.get('over_18')
         if over_18 is True:
             age_limit = 18
@@ -122,14 +191,42 @@ class RedditIE(InfoExtractor):
             'thumbnails': thumbnails,
             'timestamp': float_or_none(data.get('created_utc')),
             'uploader': data.get('author'),
+            'channel_id': data.get('subreddit'),
             'like_count': int_or_none(data.get('ups')),
             'dislike_count': int_or_none(data.get('downs')),
             'comment_count': int_or_none(data.get('num_comments')),
             'age_limit': age_limit,
         }
 
+        parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(video_url)
+
+        # Check for embeds in text posts, or else raise to avoid recursing into the same reddit URL
+        if 'reddit.com' in parsed_url.netloc and f'/{video_id}/' in parsed_url.path:
+            entries = []
+            for media in traverse_obj(data, ('media_metadata', ...), expected_type=dict):
+                if not media.get('id') or media.get('e') != 'RedditVideo':
+                    continue
+                formats = []
+                if media.get('hlsUrl'):
+                    formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                        unescapeHTML(media['hlsUrl']), video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
+                if media.get('dashUrl'):
+                    formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
+                        unescapeHTML(media['dashUrl']), video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
+                if formats:
+                    entries.append({
+                        'id': media['id'],
+                        'display_id': video_id,
+                        'formats': formats,
+                        **info,
+                    })
+            if entries:
+                return self.playlist_result(entries, video_id, info.get('title'))
+            raise ExtractorError('No media found', expected=True)
+
         # Check if media is hosted on reddit:
-        reddit_video = traverse_obj(data, (('media', 'secure_media'), 'reddit_video'), get_all=False)
+        reddit_video = traverse_obj(data, (
+            (None, ('crosspost_parent_list', ...)), ('secure_media', 'media'), 'reddit_video'), get_all=False)
         if reddit_video:
             playlist_urls = [
                 try_get(reddit_video, lambda x: unescapeHTML(x[y]))
@@ -145,12 +242,21 @@ class RedditIE(InfoExtractor):
             dash_playlist_url = playlist_urls[0] or f'https://v.redd.it/{video_id}/DASHPlaylist.mpd'
             hls_playlist_url = playlist_urls[1] or f'https://v.redd.it/{video_id}/HLSPlaylist.m3u8'
 
-            formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                hls_playlist_url, display_id, 'mp4',
-                entry_protocol='m3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
+            formats = [{
+                'url': unescapeHTML(reddit_video['fallback_url']),
+                'height': int_or_none(reddit_video.get('height')),
+                'width': int_or_none(reddit_video.get('width')),
+                'tbr': int_or_none(reddit_video.get('bitrate_kbps')),
+                'acodec': 'none',
+                'vcodec': 'h264',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'format_id': 'fallback',
+                'format_note': 'DASH video, mp4_dash',
+            }]
+            formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                hls_playlist_url, display_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
             formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
                 dash_playlist_url, display_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             return {
                 **info,
@@ -160,7 +266,6 @@ class RedditIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'duration': int_or_none(reddit_video.get('duration')),
             }
 
-        parsed_url = urlparse(video_url)
         if parsed_url.netloc == 'v.redd.it':
             self.raise_no_formats('This video is processing', expected=True, video_id=video_id)
             return {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/redgifs.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/redgifs.py
index e3712a1d6b..098fb81857 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/redgifs.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/redgifs.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import functools
+import urllib
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import compat_parse_qs
@@ -18,6 +19,12 @@ class RedGifsBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         'hd': None,
     }
 
+    _API_HEADERS = {
+        'referer': 'https://www.redgifs.com/',
+        'origin': 'https://www.redgifs.com',
+        'content-type': 'application/json',
+    }
+
     def _parse_gif_data(self, gif_data):
         video_id = gif_data.get('id')
         quality = qualities(tuple(self._FORMATS.keys()))
@@ -38,12 +45,11 @@ class RedGifsBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': height,
                 'quality': quality(format_id),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'webpage_url': f'https://redgifs.com/watch/{video_id}',
-            'ie_key': RedGifsIE.ie_key(),
+            'extractor_key': RedGifsIE.ie_key(),
             'extractor': 'RedGifs',
             'title': ' '.join(gif_data.get('tags') or []) or 'RedGifs',
             'timestamp': int_or_none(gif_data.get('createDate')),
@@ -57,9 +63,30 @@ class RedGifsBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
             'formats': formats,
         }
 
+    def _fetch_oauth_token(self, video_id):
+        # https://github.com/Redgifs/api/wiki/Temporary-tokens
+        auth = self._download_json('https://api.redgifs.com/v2/auth/temporary',
+                                   video_id, note='Fetching temporary token')
+        if not auth.get('token'):
+            raise ExtractorError('Unable to get temporary token')
+        self._API_HEADERS['authorization'] = f'Bearer {auth["token"]}'
+
     def _call_api(self, ep, video_id, *args, **kwargs):
-        data = self._download_json(
-            f'https://api.redgifs.com/v2/{ep}', video_id, *args, **kwargs)
+        for first_attempt in True, False:
+            if 'authorization' not in self._API_HEADERS:
+                self._fetch_oauth_token(video_id)
+            try:
+                headers = dict(self._API_HEADERS)
+                headers['x-customheader'] = f'https://www.redgifs.com/watch/{video_id}'
+                data = self._download_json(
+                    f'https://api.redgifs.com/v2/{ep}', video_id, headers=headers, *args, **kwargs)
+                break
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                if first_attempt and isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 401:
+                    del self._API_HEADERS['authorization']  # refresh the token
+                    continue
+                raise
+
         if 'error' in data:
             raise ExtractorError(f'RedGifs said: {data["error"]}', expected=True, video_id=video_id)
         return data
@@ -102,6 +129,7 @@ class RedGifsIE(RedGifsBaseInfoExtractor):
             'like_count': int,
             'categories': list,
             'age_limit': 18,
+            'tags': list,
         }
     }, {
         'url': 'https://thumbs2.redgifs.com/SqueakyHelplessWisent-mobile.mp4#t=0',
@@ -117,13 +145,14 @@ class RedGifsIE(RedGifsBaseInfoExtractor):
             'like_count': int,
             'categories': list,
             'age_limit': 18,
+            'tags': list,
         }
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url).lower()
         video_info = self._call_api(
-            f'gifs/{video_id}', video_id, note='Downloading video info')
+            f'gifs/{video_id}?views=yes', video_id, note='Downloading video info')
         return self._parse_gif_data(video_info['gif'])
 
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/redtube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/redtube.py
index 8e767b6e43..49076ccd81 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/redtube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/redtube.py
@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ class RedTubeIE(InfoExtractor):
             video_url = self._html_search_regex(
                 r'<source src="(.+?)" type="video/mp4">', webpage, 'video URL')
             formats.append({'url': video_url, 'ext': 'mp4'})
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnail = self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage)
         upload_date = unified_strdate(self._search_regex(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rentv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rentv.py
index ab47ee5525..fdde31704c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rentv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rentv.py
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ class RENTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.append({
                     'url': src,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/restudy.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/restudy.py
index cd3c20d7ae..6d032564d3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/restudy.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/restudy.py
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ class RestudyIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_smil_formats(
             'https://cdn.portal.restudy.dk/dynamic/themes/front/awsmedia/SmilDirectory/video_%s.xml' % video_id,
             video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/reuters.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/reuters.py
index 1428b7cc95..6919425f3a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/reuters.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/reuters.py
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ class ReutersIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'ext': ext,
                     'container': container if method != 'mobile' else None,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rice.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rice.py
index 9ca47f3d43..3dd4d31deb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rice.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rice.py
@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ class RICEIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'ext': 'flv',
                     })
                 formats.append(fmt)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for content_asset in content_data.findall('.//contentAssets'):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rockstargames.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rockstargames.py
index 5f1db0f057..c491aaf534 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rockstargames.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rockstargames.py
@@ -54,8 +54,6 @@ class RockstarGamesIE(InfoExtractor):
             if youtube_id:
                 return self.url_result(youtube_id, 'Youtube')
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rokfin.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rokfin.py
index fcef325bfd..ade3cd0a43 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rokfin.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rokfin.py
@@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ class RokfinIE(InfoExtractor):
                 self.raise_no_formats(
                     f'Stream is offline; scheduled for {datetime.fromtimestamp(scheduled).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")}',
                     video_id=video_id, expected=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         uploader = traverse_obj(metadata, ('createdBy', 'username'), ('creator', 'username'))
         timestamp = (scheduled or float_or_none(metadata.get('postedAtMilli'), 1000)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/roosterteeth.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/roosterteeth.py
index 011dadfaa2..776fbfbc08 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/roosterteeth.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/roosterteeth.py
@@ -146,7 +146,6 @@ class RoosterTeethIE(RoosterTeethBaseIE):
 
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
             m3u8_url, display_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         episode = self._download_json(
             api_episode_url, display_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rozhlas.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rozhlas.py
index a8189676f8..08ebb93e3d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rozhlas.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rozhlas.py
@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import (
-    int_or_none,
-    remove_start,
-)
+from ..utils import extract_attributes, int_or_none, remove_start, traverse_obj
 
 
 class RozhlasIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -45,3 +42,138 @@ class RozhlasIE(InfoExtractor):
             'duration': duration,
             'vcodec': 'none',
         }
+
+
+class RozhlasVltavaIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.rozhlas|english\.radio)\.cz/[\w-]+-(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://wave.rozhlas.cz/papej-masicko-porcujeme-a-bilancujeme-filmy-a-serialy-ktere-letos-zabily-8891337',
+        'md5': 'ba2fdbc1242fc16771c7695d271ec355',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 8891337,
+            'title': 'md5:21f99739d04ab49d8c189ec711eef4ec',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 1,
+        'playlist': [{
+            'md5': 'ba2fdbc1242fc16771c7695d271ec355',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '10520988',
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'title': 'Papej masíčko! Porcujeme a bilancujeme filmy a seriály, které to letos zabily',
+                'description': 'md5:1c6d29fb9564e1f17fc1bb83ae7da0bc',
+                'duration': 1574,
+                'artist': 'Aleš Stuchlý',
+                'channel_id': 'radio-wave',
+            },
+        }]
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://wave.rozhlas.cz/poslechnete-si-neklid-podcastovy-thriller-o-vine-strachu-a-vztahu-ktery-zasel-8554744',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 8554744,
+            'title': 'Poslechněte si Neklid. Podcastový thriller o vině, strachu a vztahu, který zašel příliš daleko',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 5,
+        'playlist': [{
+            'md5': '93d4109cf8f40523699ae9c1d4600bdd',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '9890713',
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'title': 'Neklid #1',
+                'description': '1. díl: Neklid: 1. díl',
+                'duration': 1025,
+                'artist': 'Josef Kokta',
+                'channel_id': 'radio-wave',
+                'chapter': 'Neklid #1',
+                'chapter_number': 1,
+            },
+        }, {
+            'md5': 'e9763235be4a6dcf94bc8a5bac1ca126',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '9890716',
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'title': 'Neklid #2',
+                'description': '2. díl: Neklid: 2. díl',
+                'duration': 768,
+                'artist': 'Josef Kokta',
+                'channel_id': 'radio-wave',
+                'chapter': 'Neklid #2',
+                'chapter_number': 2,
+            },
+        }, {
+            'md5': '00b642ea94b78cc949ac84da09f87895',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '9890722',
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'title': 'Neklid #3',
+                'description': '3. díl: Neklid: 3. díl',
+                'duration': 607,
+                'artist': 'Josef Kokta',
+                'channel_id': 'radio-wave',
+                'chapter': 'Neklid #3',
+                'chapter_number': 3,
+            },
+        }, {
+            'md5': 'faef97b1b49da7df874740f118c19dea',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '9890728',
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'title': 'Neklid #4',
+                'description': '4. díl: Neklid: 4. díl',
+                'duration': 621,
+                'artist': 'Josef Kokta',
+                'channel_id': 'radio-wave',
+                'chapter': 'Neklid #4',
+                'chapter_number': 4,
+            },
+        }, {
+            'md5': '6e729fa39b647325b868d419c76f3efa',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '9890734',
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'title': 'Neklid #5',
+                'description': '5. díl: Neklid: 5. díl',
+                'duration': 908,
+                'artist': 'Josef Kokta',
+                'channel_id': 'radio-wave',
+                'chapter': 'Neklid #5',
+                'chapter_number': 5,
+            },
+        }]
+    }]
+
+    def _extract_video(self, entry):
+        chapter_number = int_or_none(traverse_obj(entry, ('meta', 'ga', 'contentSerialPart')))
+        return {
+            'id': entry['meta']['ga']['contentId'],
+            'title': traverse_obj(entry, ('meta', 'ga', 'contentName')),
+            'description': entry.get('title'),
+            'duration': entry.get('duration'),
+            'artist': traverse_obj(entry, ('meta', 'ga', 'contentAuthor')),
+            'channel_id': traverse_obj(entry, ('meta', 'ga', 'contentCreator')),
+            'chapter': traverse_obj(entry, ('meta', 'ga', 'contentNameShort')) if chapter_number else None,
+            'chapter_number': chapter_number,
+            'formats': [{
+                'url': audio_link['url'],
+                'ext': audio_link.get('variant'),
+                'format_id': audio_link.get('variant'),
+                'abr': audio_link.get('bitrate'),
+                'acodec': audio_link.get('variant'),
+                'vcodec': 'none',
+            } for audio_link in entry['audioLinks']],
+        }
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        # FIXME: Use get_element_text_and_html_by_tag when it accepts less strict html
+        data = self._parse_json(extract_attributes(self._search_regex(
+            r'(<div class="mujRozhlasPlayer" data-player=\'[^\']+\'>)',
+            webpage, 'player'))['data-player'], video_id)['data']
+
+        return {
+            '_type': 'playlist',
+            'id': data.get('embedId'),
+            'title': traverse_obj(data, ('series', 'title')),
+            'entries': map(self._extract_video, data['playlist']),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rte.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rte.py
index 93faf1b324..aedaa5b550 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rte.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rte.py
@@ -94,8 +94,6 @@ class RteBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(
                         hds_url, item_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         info_dict['formats'] = formats
         return info_dict
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtl2.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtl2.py
index afa0d33cf5..056cf87d29 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtl2.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtl2.py
@@ -94,8 +94,6 @@ class RTL2IE(InfoExtractor):
         if m3u8_url:
             formats.extend(self._extract_akamai_formats(m3u8_url, display_id))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': display_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -142,7 +140,6 @@ class RTL2YouIE(RTL2YouBaseIE):
             raise ExtractorError('video not found', expected=True)
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(stream_url.decode(), video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         video_data = self._download_json(
             self._BACKWERK_BASE_URL + 'video/' + video_id, video_id)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtlnl.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtlnl.py
index 3852a3a135..724cb64e93 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtlnl.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtlnl.py
@@ -116,7 +116,6 @@ class RtlNlIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             m3u8_url, uuid, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
 
@@ -174,7 +173,6 @@ class RTLLuBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
         formats, subtitles = self.get_formats_and_subtitles(webpage, video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rts.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rts.py
index e5ba1a26bd..81c4d7cac8 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rts.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rts.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class RTSIE(SRGSSRIE):
+class RTSIE(SRGSSRIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_DESC = 'RTS.ch'
     _VALID_URL = r'rts:(?P<rts_id>\d+)|https?://(?:.+?\.)?rts\.ch/(?:[^/]+/){2,}(?P<id>[0-9]+)-(?P<display_id>.+?)\.html'
 
@@ -212,7 +212,6 @@ class RTSIE(SRGSSRIE):
             })
 
         self._check_formats(formats, media_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         duration = info.get('duration') or info.get('cutout') or info.get('cutduration')
         if isinstance(duration, compat_str):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtve.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtve.py
index 798dde7fa6..a99a266c60 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtve.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtve.py
@@ -130,7 +130,6 @@ class RTVEALaCartaIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'quality': q(quality),
                     'url': video_url,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -170,7 +169,7 @@ class RTVEALaCartaIE(InfoExtractor):
             for s in subs)
 
 
-class RTVEAudioIE(RTVEALaCartaIE):
+class RTVEAudioIE(RTVEALaCartaIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'rtve.es:audio'
     IE_DESC = 'RTVE audio'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?rtve\.es/(alacarta|play)/audios/[^/]+/[^/]+/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
@@ -238,7 +237,6 @@ class RTVEAudioIE(RTVEALaCartaIE):
                     'quality': q(quality),
                     'url': audio_url,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -257,7 +255,7 @@ class RTVEAudioIE(RTVEALaCartaIE):
         }
 
 
-class RTVEInfantilIE(RTVEALaCartaIE):
+class RTVEInfantilIE(RTVEALaCartaIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'rtve.es:infantil'
     IE_DESC = 'RTVE infantil'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?rtve\.es/infantil/serie/[^/]+/video/[^/]+/(?P<id>[0-9]+)/'
@@ -276,7 +274,7 @@ class RTVEInfantilIE(RTVEALaCartaIE):
     }]
 
 
-class RTVELiveIE(RTVEALaCartaIE):
+class RTVELiveIE(RTVEALaCartaIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'rtve.es:live'
     IE_DESC = 'RTVE.es live streams'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?rtve\.es/directo/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvnh.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvnh.py
index 58af3dda2c..7c6174494b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvnh.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvnh.py
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ class RTVNHIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(
                 http_base_url + '/manifest.f4m',
                 video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvs.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvs.py
index fb06efa4b9..a84a78da8d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvs.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvs.py
@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ class RTVSIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats = [{'url': traverse_obj(data, ('playlist', 0, 'sources', 0, 'src'))}]
         else:
             formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(traverse_obj(data, ('playlist', 0, 'sources', 0, 'src')), video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvslo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvslo.py
index b63ccb96f8..05942b6b44 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvslo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rtvslo.py
@@ -133,7 +133,6 @@ class RTVSLOIE(InfoExtractor):
         if any('dummy_720p.mp4' in x.get('manifest_url', '') for x in formats) and meta.get('stub') == 'error':
             raise ExtractorError(f'{self.IE_NAME} said: Clip not available', expected=True)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': v_id,
             'webpage_url': ''.join(traverse_obj(meta, ('canonical', ('domain', 'path')))),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rule34video.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rule34video.py
index bb113d822d..9d15f4d214 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rule34video.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rule34video.py
@@ -51,8 +51,6 @@ class Rule34VideoIE(InfoExtractor):
         thumbnail = self._html_search_regex(r'preview_url:\s+\'([^\']+)\'', webpage, 'thumbnail', default=None)
         duration = self._html_search_regex(r'"icon-clock"></i>\s+<span>((?:\d+:?)+)', webpage, 'duration', default=None)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rumble.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rumble.py
index c94ba68ee0..97f81446c7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rumble.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rumble.py
@@ -2,14 +2,17 @@ import itertools
 import re
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..compat import compat_str, compat_HTTPError
+from ..compat import compat_HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
-    determine_ext,
-    int_or_none,
-    parse_iso8601,
-    try_get,
-    unescapeHTML,
     ExtractorError,
+    UnsupportedError,
+    clean_html,
+    get_element_by_class,
+    int_or_none,
+    parse_count,
+    parse_iso8601,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unescapeHTML,
 )
 
 
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@ class RumbleEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
             'thumbnail': 'https://sp.rmbl.ws/s8/1/5/M/z/1/5Mz1a.OvCc-small-WMAR-2-News-Latest-Headline.jpg',
             'duration': 234,
             'uploader': 'WMAR',
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
         }
     }, {
         'url': 'https://rumble.com/embed/vslb7v',
@@ -45,12 +49,92 @@ class RumbleEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
             'thumbnail': 'https://sp.rmbl.ws/s8/6/7/i/9/h/7i9hd.OvCc.jpg',
             'duration': 901,
             'uploader': 'CTNews',
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
         }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://rumble.com/embed/vunh1h',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'vunh1h',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '‘Gideon, op zoek naar de waarheid’ including ENG SUBS',
+            'timestamp': 1647197663,
+            'upload_date': '20220313',
+            'channel_url': 'https://rumble.com/user/BLCKBX',
+            'channel': 'BLCKBX',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.jpg',
+            'duration': 5069,
+            'uploader': 'BLCKBX',
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'subtitles': {
+                'en': [
+                    {
+                        'url': r're:https://.+\.vtt',
+                        'name': 'English',
+                        'ext': 'vtt'
+                    }
+                ]
+            },
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': True}
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://rumble.com/embed/v1essrt',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'v1essrt',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'startswith:lofi hip hop radio - beats to relax/study',
+            'timestamp': 1661519399,
+            'upload_date': '20220826',
+            'channel_url': 'https://rumble.com/c/LofiGirl',
+            'channel': 'Lofi Girl',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.jpg',
+            'duration': None,
+            'uploader': 'Lofi Girl',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': True}
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://rumble.com/embed/v1amumr',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'v1amumr',
+            'ext': 'webm',
+            'fps': 60,
+            'title': 'Turning Point USA 2022 Student Action Summit DAY 1  - Rumble Exclusive Live',
+            'timestamp': 1658518457,
+            'upload_date': '20220722',
+            'channel_url': 'https://rumble.com/c/RumbleEvents',
+            'channel': 'Rumble Events',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.jpg',
+            'duration': 16427,
+            'uploader': 'Rumble Events',
+            'live_status': 'was_live',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': True}
     }, {
         'url': 'https://rumble.com/embed/ufe9n.v5pv5f',
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [
+        {
+            'note': 'Rumble JS embed',
+            'url': 'https://therightscoop.com/what-does-9-plus-1-plus-1-equal-listen-to-this-audio-of-attempted-kavanaugh-assassins-call-and-youll-get-it',
+            'md5': '4701209ac99095592e73dbba21889690',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'v15eqxl',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'channel': 'Mr Producer Media',
+                'duration': 92,
+                'title': '911 Audio From The Man Who Wanted To Kill Supreme Court Justice Kavanaugh',
+                'channel_url': 'https://rumble.com/c/RichSementa',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://sp.rmbl.ws/s8/1/P/j/f/A/PjfAe.OvCc-small-911-Audio-From-The-Man-Who-.jpg',
+                'timestamp': 1654892716,
+                'uploader': 'Mr Producer Media',
+                'upload_date': '20220610',
+                'live_status': 'not_live',
+            }
+        },
+    ]
+
     @classmethod
     def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
         embeds = tuple(super()._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage))
@@ -62,27 +146,48 @@ class RumbleEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         video = self._download_json(
-            'https://rumble.com/embedJS/', video_id,
-            query={'request': 'video', 'v': video_id})
-        title = unescapeHTML(video['title'])
+            'https://rumble.com/embedJS/u3/', video_id,
+            query={'request': 'video', 'ver': 2, 'v': video_id})
+
+        sys_msg = traverse_obj(video, ('sys', 'msg'))
+        if sys_msg:
+            self.report_warning(sys_msg, video_id=video_id)
+
+        if video.get('live') == 0:
+            live_status = 'not_live' if video.get('livestream_has_dvr') is None else 'was_live'
+        elif video.get('live') == 1:
+            live_status = 'is_upcoming' if video.get('livestream_has_dvr') else 'was_live'
+        elif video.get('live') == 2:
+            live_status = 'is_live'
+        else:
+            live_status = None
 
         formats = []
-        for height, ua in (video.get('ua') or {}).items():
-            for i in range(2):
-                f_url = try_get(ua, lambda x: x[i], compat_str)
-                if f_url:
-                    ext = determine_ext(f_url)
-                    f = {
-                        'ext': ext,
-                        'format_id': '%s-%sp' % (ext, height),
-                        'height': int_or_none(height),
-                        'url': f_url,
-                    }
-                    bitrate = try_get(ua, lambda x: x[i + 2]['bitrate'])
-                    if bitrate:
-                        f['tbr'] = int_or_none(bitrate)
-                    formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        for ext, ext_info in (video.get('ua') or {}).items():
+            for height, video_info in (ext_info or {}).items():
+                meta = video_info.get('meta') or {}
+                if not video_info.get('url'):
+                    continue
+                if ext == 'hls':
+                    if meta.get('live') is True and video.get('live') == 1:
+                        live_status = 'post_live'
+                    formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                        video_info['url'], video_id,
+                        ext='mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False, live=live_status == 'is_live'))
+                    continue
+                formats.append({
+                    'ext': ext,
+                    'url': video_info['url'],
+                    'format_id': '%s-%sp' % (ext, height),
+                    'height': int_or_none(height),
+                    'fps': video.get('fps'),
+                    **traverse_obj(meta, {
+                        'tbr': 'bitrate',
+                        'filesize': 'size',
+                        'width': 'w',
+                        'height': 'h',
+                    }, expected_type=lambda x: int(x) or None)
+                })
 
         subtitles = {
             lang: [{
@@ -92,21 +197,108 @@ class RumbleEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
 
         author = video.get('author') or {}
+        thumbnails = traverse_obj(video, ('t', ..., {'url': 'i', 'width': 'w', 'height': 'h'}))
+        if not thumbnails and video.get('i'):
+            thumbnails = [{'url': video['i']}]
+
+        if live_status in {'is_live', 'post_live'}:
+            duration = None
+        else:
+            duration = int_or_none(video.get('duration'))
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
+            'title': unescapeHTML(video.get('title')),
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
-            'thumbnail': video.get('i'),
+            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
             'timestamp': parse_iso8601(video.get('pubDate')),
             'channel': author.get('name'),
             'channel_url': author.get('url'),
-            'duration': int_or_none(video.get('duration')),
+            'duration': duration,
             'uploader': author.get('name'),
+            'live_status': live_status,
         }
 
 
+class RumbleIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?rumble\.com/(?P<id>v(?!ideos)[\w.-]+)[^/]*$'
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<a class=video-item--a href=(?P<url>/v[\w.-]+\.html)>']
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'add_ie': ['RumbleEmbed'],
+        'url': 'https://rumble.com/vdmum1-moose-the-dog-helps-girls-dig-a-snow-fort.html',
+        'md5': '53af34098a7f92c4e51cf0bd1c33f009',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'vb0ofn',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'timestamp': 1612662578,
+            'uploader': 'LovingMontana',
+            'channel': 'LovingMontana',
+            'upload_date': '20210207',
+            'title': 'Winter-loving dog helps girls dig a snow fort ',
+            'description': 'Moose the dog is more than happy to help with digging out this epic snow fort. Great job, Moose!',
+            'channel_url': 'https://rumble.com/c/c-546523',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.jpg',
+            'duration': 103,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'http://www.rumble.com/vDMUM1?key=value',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://rumble.com/videos?page=2',
+        'playlist_count': 25,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'videos?page=2',
+            'title': 'All videos',
+            'description': 'Browse videos uploaded to Rumble.com',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://rumble.com/live-videos',
+        'playlist_mincount': 19,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'live-videos',
+            'title': 'Live Videos',
+            'description': 'Live videos on Rumble.com',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://rumble.com/search/video?q=rumble&sort=views',
+        'playlist_count': 24,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'video?q=rumble&sort=views',
+            'title': 'Search results for: rumble',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        page_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, page_id)
+        url_info = next(RumbleEmbedIE.extract_from_webpage(self._downloader, url, webpage), None)
+        if not url_info:
+            raise UnsupportedError(url)
+
+        release_ts_str = self._search_regex(
+            r'(?:Livestream begins|Streamed on):\s+<time datetime="([^"]+)',
+            webpage, 'release date', fatal=False, default=None)
+        view_count_str = self._search_regex(r'<span class="media-heading-info">([\d,]+) Views',
+                                            webpage, 'view count', fatal=False, default=None)
+
+        return self.url_result(
+            url_info['url'], ie_key=url_info['ie_key'], url_transparent=True,
+            view_count=parse_count(view_count_str),
+            release_timestamp=parse_iso8601(release_ts_str),
+            like_count=parse_count(get_element_by_class('rumbles-count', webpage)),
+            description=clean_html(get_element_by_class('media-description', webpage)),
+        )
+
+
 class RumbleChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<url>https?://(?:www\.)?rumble\.com/(?:c|user)/(?P<id>[^&?#$/]+))'
 
@@ -118,7 +310,7 @@ class RumbleChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://rumble.com/user/goldenpoodleharleyeuna',
-        'playlist_count': 4,
+        'playlist_mincount': 4,
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'goldenpoodleharleyeuna',
         },
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rutube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rutube.py
index 380c5e14e8..08d9b9257d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rutube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rutube.py
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ class RutubeBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             video_id, 'Downloading video JSON',
             'Unable to download video JSON', query=query)
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def _extract_info(video, video_id=None, require_title=True):
+    def _extract_info(self, video, video_id=None, require_title=True):
         title = video['title'] if require_title else video.get('title')
 
         age_limit = video.get('is_adult')
@@ -35,13 +34,15 @@ class RutubeBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         uploader_id = try_get(video, lambda x: x['author']['id'])
         category = try_get(video, lambda x: x['category']['name'])
+        description = video.get('description')
+        duration = int_or_none(video.get('duration'))
 
         return {
             'id': video.get('id') or video_id if video_id else video['id'],
             'title': title,
-            'description': video.get('description'),
+            'description': description,
             'thumbnail': video.get('thumbnail_url'),
-            'duration': int_or_none(video.get('duration')),
+            'duration': duration,
             'uploader': try_get(video, lambda x: x['author']['name']),
             'uploader_id': compat_str(uploader_id) if uploader_id else None,
             'timestamp': unified_timestamp(video.get('created_ts')),
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ class RutubeBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'view_count': int_or_none(video.get('hits')),
             'comment_count': int_or_none(video.get('comments_count')),
             'is_live': bool_or_none(video.get('is_livestream')),
+            'chapters': self._extract_chapters_from_description(description, duration),
         }
 
     def _download_and_extract_info(self, video_id, query=None):
@@ -81,7 +83,6 @@ class RutubeBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': format_url,
                     'format_id': format_id,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
     def _download_and_extract_formats(self, video_id, query=None):
@@ -92,12 +93,12 @@ class RutubeBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 class RutubeIE(RutubeBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'rutube'
     IE_DESC = 'Rutube videos'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://rutube\.ru/(?:video|(?:play/)?embed)/(?P<id>[\da-z]{32})'
-    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe[^>]+?src=(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?:)?//rutube\.ru/embed/[\da-z]{32}.*?)\1']
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://rutube\.ru/(?:video(?:/private)?|(?:play/)?embed)/(?P<id>[\da-z]{32})'
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe[^>]+?src=(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?:)?//rutube\.ru/(?:play/)?embed/[\da-z]{32}.*?)\1']
 
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://rutube.ru/video/3eac3b4561676c17df9132a9a1e62e3e/',
-        'md5': '1d24f180fac7a02f3900712e5a5764d6',
+        'md5': 'e33ac625efca66aba86cbec9851f2692',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '3eac3b4561676c17df9132a9a1e62e3e',
             'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -109,7 +110,12 @@ class RutubeIE(RutubeBaseIE):
             'timestamp': 1381943602,
             'upload_date': '20131016',
             'age_limit': 0,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'http://pic.rutubelist.ru/video/d2/a0/d2a0aec998494a396deafc7ba2c82add.jpg',
+            'category': ['Новости и СМИ'],
+            'chapters': [],
         },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Unable to download f4m'],
     }, {
         'url': 'http://rutube.ru/play/embed/a10e53b86e8f349080f718582ce4c661',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -122,6 +128,45 @@ class RutubeIE(RutubeBaseIE):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://rutube.ru/video/10b3a03fc01d5bbcc632a2f3514e8aab/?pl_type=source',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://rutube.ru/video/private/884fb55f07a97ab673c7d654553e0f48/?p=x2QojCumHTS3rsKHWXN8Lg',
+        'md5': 'd106225f15d625538fe22971158e896f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '884fb55f07a97ab673c7d654553e0f48',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Яцуноками, Nioh2',
+            'description': 'Nioh2: финал сражения с боссом Яцуноками',
+            'duration': 15,
+            'uploader': 'mexus',
+            'uploader_id': '24222106',
+            'timestamp': 1670646232,
+            'upload_date': '20221210',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'http://pic.rutubelist.ru/video/f2/d4/f2d42b54be0a6e69c1c22539e3152156.jpg',
+            'category': ['Видеоигры'],
+            'chapters': [],
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Unable to download f4m'],
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://rutube.ru/video/c65b465ad0c98c89f3b25cb03dcc87c6/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'c65b465ad0c98c89f3b25cb03dcc87c6',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'chapters': 'count:4',
+            'category': ['Бизнес и предпринимательство'],
+            'description': 'md5:252feac1305257d8c1bab215cedde75d',
+            'thumbnail': 'http://pic.rutubelist.ru/video/71/8f/718f27425ea9706073eb80883dd3787b.png',
+            'duration': 782,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'uploader_id': '23491359',
+            'timestamp': 1677153329,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'upload_date': '20230223',
+            'title': 'Бизнес с нуля: найм сотрудников. Интервью с директором строительной компании',
+            'uploader': 'Стас Быков',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Unable to download f4m'],
     }]
 
     @classmethod
@@ -130,8 +175,9 @@ class RutubeIE(RutubeBaseIE):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        info = self._download_and_extract_info(video_id)
-        info['formats'] = self._download_and_extract_formats(video_id)
+        query = parse_qs(url)
+        info = self._download_and_extract_info(video_id, query)
+        info['formats'] = self._download_and_extract_formats(video_id, query)
         return info
 
 
@@ -240,7 +286,6 @@ class RutubeMovieIE(RutubePlaylistBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'rutube:movie'
     IE_DESC = 'Rutube movies'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://rutube\.ru/metainfo/tv/(?P<id>\d+)'
-    _TESTS = []
 
     _MOVIE_TEMPLATE = 'http://rutube.ru/api/metainfo/tv/%s/?format=json'
     _PAGE_TEMPLATE = 'http://rutube.ru/api/metainfo/tv/%s/video?page=%s&format=json'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/rutv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/rutv.py
index 0b07dc5ad8..d7f9a73377 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/rutv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/rutv.py
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class RUTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         if media['errors']:
             raise ExtractorError('%s said: %s' % (self.IE_NAME, media['errors']), expected=True)
 
-        view_count = playlist.get('count_views')
+        view_count = int_or_none(playlist.get('count_views'))
         priority_transport = playlist['priority_transport']
 
         thumbnail = media['picture']
@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@ class RUTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         duration = int_or_none(media.get('duration'))
 
         formats = []
+        subtitles = {}
 
         for transport, links in media['sources'].items():
             for quality, url in links.items():
@@ -171,8 +172,10 @@ class RUTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'vbr': str_to_int(quality),
                     }
                 elif transport == 'm3u8':
-                    formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                        url, video_id, 'mp4', quality=preference, m3u8_id='hls'))
+                    fmt, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                        url, video_id, 'mp4', quality=preference, m3u8_id='hls')
+                    formats.extend(fmt)
+                    self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
                     continue
                 else:
                     fmt = {
@@ -186,8 +189,6 @@ class RUTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 })
                 formats.append(fmt)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -196,5 +197,7 @@ class RUTVIE(InfoExtractor):
             'view_count': view_count,
             'duration': duration,
             'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
             'is_live': is_live,
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('source', ),
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ruutu.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ruutu.py
index 3f6d30d3c4..33f6652df5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ruutu.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ruutu.py
@@ -244,8 +244,6 @@ class RuutuIE(InfoExtractor):
             if ns_st_cds != 'free':
                 raise ExtractorError('This video is %s.' % ns_st_cds, expected=True)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         themes = pv('themes')
 
         return {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sapo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sapo.py
index 9a601a01c3..beffaee592 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sapo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sapo.py
@@ -98,8 +98,6 @@ class SapoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': 720,
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sbs.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sbs.py
index 6bb499930c..45320339da 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sbs.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sbs.py
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ class SBSIE(InfoExtractor):
             ondemand(?:
                 /video/(?:single/)?|
                 /movie/[^/]+/|
+                /(?:tv|news)-series/(?:[^/]+/){3}|
                 .*?\bplay=|/watch/
             )|news/(?:embeds/)?video/
         )(?P<id>[0-9]+)'''
@@ -63,6 +64,12 @@ class SBSIE(InfoExtractor):
         'note': 'Live stream',
         'url': 'https://www.sbs.com.au/ondemand/video/1726824003663/sbs-24x7-live-stream-nsw',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.sbs.com.au/ondemand/news-series/dateline/dateline-2022/dateline-s2022-ep26/2072245827515',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.sbs.com.au/ondemand/tv-series/the-handmaids-tale/season-5/the-handmaids-tale-s5-ep1/2065631811776',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/screen9.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/screen9.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ab0b6c601
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/screen9.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import traverse_obj
+
+
+class Screen9IE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.screen9\.(?:tv|com)|play\.su\.se)/(?:embed|media)/(?P<id>[^?#/]+)'
+    _TESTS = [
+        {
+            'url': 'https://api.screen9.com/embed/8kTNEjvoXGM33dmWwF0uDA',
+            'md5': 'd60d23f8980583b930724b01fa6ddb41',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '8kTNEjvoXGM33dmWwF0uDA',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Östersjön i förändrat klimat',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://folkhogskolekanalen.screen9.tv/media/gy35PKLHe-5K29RYHga2bw/ett-starkare-samhalle-en-snabbguide-om-sveriges-folkhogskolor',
+            'md5': 'c9389806e78573ea34fc48b6f94465dc',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'gy35PKLHe-5K29RYHga2bw',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Ett starkare samhälle - en snabbguide om Sveriges folkhögskolor',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://play.su.se/media/H1YA0EYNCxiesrSU1kaRBQ/baltic-breakfast',
+            'md5': '2b817647c3058002526269deff4c0683',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'H1YA0EYNCxiesrSU1kaRBQ',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Baltic Breakfast',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
+            },
+        },
+    ]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(f'https://api.screen9.com/embed/{video_id}', video_id)
+        config = self._search_json(r'var\s+config\s*=', webpage, 'config', video_id)
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+            traverse_obj(config, ('src', lambda _, v: v['type'] == 'application/x-mpegURL', 'src'), get_all=False),
+            video_id, ext='mp4')
+        formats.append({
+            'url': traverse_obj(config, ('src', lambda _, v: v['type'] == 'video/mp4', 'src'), get_all=False),
+            'format': 'mp4',
+        })
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': traverse_obj(
+                config,
+                ('plugins', (('title', 'title'), ('googleAnalytics', 'title'), ('share', 'mediaTitle'))),
+                get_all=False),
+            'description': traverse_obj(config, ('plugins', 'title', 'description')),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(config, ('poster')),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/screencastify.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/screencastify.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..136b8479bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/screencastify.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import urllib.parse
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import traverse_obj, update_url_query
+
+
+class ScreencastifyIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://watch\.screencastify\.com/v/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://watch.screencastify.com/v/sYVkZip3quLKhHw4Ybk8',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'sYVkZip3quLKhHw4Ybk8',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Inserting and Aligning the Case Top and Bottom',
+            'description': '',
+            'uploader': 'Paul Gunn',
+            'extra_param_to_segment_url': str,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        info = self._download_json(
+            f'https://umbrella.svc.screencastify.com/api/umbrellaService/watch/{video_id}', video_id)
+
+        query_string = traverse_obj(info, ('manifest', 'auth', 'query'))
+        query = urllib.parse.parse_qs(query_string)
+        formats = []
+        dash_manifest_url = traverse_obj(info, ('manifest', 'url'))
+        if dash_manifest_url:
+            formats.extend(
+                self._extract_mpd_formats(
+                    dash_manifest_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash', query=query, fatal=False))
+        hls_manifest_url = traverse_obj(info, ('manifest', 'hlsUrl'))
+        if hls_manifest_url:
+            formats.extend(
+                self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                    hls_manifest_url, video_id, ext='mp4', m3u8_id='hls', query=query, fatal=False))
+        for f in formats:
+            f['url'] = update_url_query(f['url'], query)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': info.get('title'),
+            'description': info.get('description'),
+            'uploader': info.get('userName'),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'extra_param_to_segment_url': query_string,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/scrolller.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/scrolller.py
index 8469f487a2..4f9fa14403 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/scrolller.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/scrolller.py
@@ -93,8 +93,6 @@ class ScrolllerIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not formats:
             self.raise_no_formats('There is no video.', expected=True, video_id=video_id)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': video_data.get('title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/senategov.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/senategov.py
index 6fec7c0bb3..7ff0cf5b72 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/senategov.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/senategov.py
@@ -131,8 +131,6 @@ class SenateISVPIE(InfoExtractor):
                     entry['format_id'] += mobj.group('tag')
                 formats.append(entry)
 
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -187,7 +185,6 @@ class SenateGovIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             f'{stream_domain}/i/{filename}_1@{stream_num}/master.m3u8',
             display_id, ext='mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._html_search_regex(
             (*self._og_regexes('title'), r'(?s)<title>([^<]*?)</title>'), webpage, 'video title')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sendtonews.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sendtonews.py
index 5ff06f19d5..3600e2e740 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sendtonews.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sendtonews.py
@@ -77,9 +77,6 @@ class SendtoNewsIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'format_id': '%s-%d' % (determine_protocol(f), tbr),
                     'tbr': tbr,
                 })
-            # 'tbr' was explicitly set to be preferred over 'height' originally,
-            # So this is being kept unless someone can confirm this is unnecessary
-            self._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'], ('tbr', 'res'))
 
             thumbnails = []
             if video.get('thumbnailUrl'):
@@ -98,6 +95,9 @@ class SendtoNewsIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'thumbnails': thumbnails,
                 'duration': float_or_none(video.get('SM_length')),
                 'timestamp': parse_iso8601(video.get('S_sysDate'), delimiter=' '),
+                # 'tbr' was explicitly set to be preferred over 'height' originally,
+                # So this is being kept unless someone can confirm this is unnecessary
+                '_format_sort_fields': ('tbr', 'res')
             })
             entries.append(info_dict)
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/servus.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/servus.py
index ac030ea41b..dda1958832 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/servus.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/servus.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
-    determine_ext,
+    ExtractorError,
     float_or_none,
+    format_field,
     int_or_none,
+    join_nonempty,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unescapeHTML,
     unified_timestamp,
-    urlencode_postdata,
-    url_or_none,
 )
 
 
@@ -15,32 +17,41 @@ class ServusIE(InfoExtractor):
                         (?:www\.)?
                         (?:
                             servus\.com/(?:(?:at|de)/p/[^/]+|tv/videos)|
-                            (?:servustv|pm-wissen)\.com/videos
+                            (?:servustv|pm-wissen)\.com/(?:[^/]+/)?v(?:ideos)?
                         )
-                        /(?P<id>[aA]{2}-\w+|\d+-\d+)
+                        /(?P<id>[aA]{2}-?\w+|\d+-\d+)
                     '''
     _TESTS = [{
-        # new URL schema
-        'url': 'https://www.servustv.com/videos/aa-1t6vbu5pw1w12/',
-        'md5': '60474d4c21f3eb148838f215c37f02b9',
+        # URL schema v3
+        'url': 'https://www.servustv.com/natur/v/aa-28bycqnh92111/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'AA-1T6VBU5PW1W12',
+            'id': 'AA-28BYCQNH92111',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Die Grünen aus Sicht des Volkes',
-            'alt_title': 'Talk im Hangar-7 Voxpops Gruene',
-            'description': 'md5:1247204d85783afe3682644398ff2ec4',
+            'title': 'Klettersteige in den Alpen',
+            'description': 'md5:25e47ddd83a009a0f9789ba18f2850ce',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
-            'duration': 62.442,
-            'timestamp': 1605193976,
-            'upload_date': '20201112',
-            'series': 'Talk im Hangar-7',
-            'season': 'Season 9',
-            'season_number': 9,
-            'episode': 'Episode 31 - September 14',
-            'episode_number': 31,
-        }
+            'duration': 2823,
+            'timestamp': 1655752333,
+            'upload_date': '20220620',
+            'series': 'Bergwelten',
+            'season': 'Season 11',
+            'season_number': 11,
+            'episode': 'Episode 8 - Vie Ferrate – Klettersteige in den Alpen',
+            'episode_number': 8,
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'}
     }, {
-        # old URL schema
+        'url': 'https://www.servustv.com/natur/v/aa-1xg5xwmgw2112/',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.servustv.com/natur/v/aansszcx3yi9jmlmhdc1/',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # URL schema v2
+        'url': 'https://www.servustv.com/videos/aa-1t6vbu5pw1w12/',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # URL schema v1
         'url': 'https://www.servus.com/de/p/Die-Gr%C3%BCnen-aus-Sicht-des-Volkes/AA-1T6VBU5PW1W12/',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
@@ -60,86 +71,65 @@ class ServusIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url).upper()
 
-        token = self._download_json(
-            'https://auth.redbullmediahouse.com/token', video_id,
-            'Downloading token', data=urlencode_postdata({
-                'grant_type': 'client_credentials',
-            }), headers={
-                'Authorization': 'Basic SVgtMjJYNEhBNFdEM1cxMTpEdDRVSkFLd2ZOMG5IMjB1NGFBWTBmUFpDNlpoQ1EzNA==',
-            })
-        access_token = token['access_token']
-        token_type = token.get('token_type', 'Bearer')
-
         video = self._download_json(
-            'https://sparkle-api.liiift.io/api/v1/stv/channels/international/assets/%s' % video_id,
-            video_id, 'Downloading video JSON', headers={
-                'Authorization': '%s %s' % (token_type, access_token),
-            })
+            'https://api-player.redbull.com/stv/servus-tv?timeZone=Europe/Berlin',
+            video_id, 'Downloading video JSON', query={'videoId': video_id})
+        if not video.get('videoUrl'):
+            self._report_errors(video)
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+            video['videoUrl'], video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
 
-        formats = []
-        thumbnail = None
-        for resource in video['resources']:
-            if not isinstance(resource, dict):
-                continue
-            format_url = url_or_none(resource.get('url'))
-            if not format_url:
-                continue
-            extension = resource.get('extension')
-            type_ = resource.get('type')
-            if extension == 'jpg' or type_ == 'reference_keyframe':
-                thumbnail = format_url
-                continue
-            ext = determine_ext(format_url)
-            if type_ == 'dash' or ext == 'mpd':
-                formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
-                    format_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
-            elif type_ == 'hls' or ext == 'm3u8':
-                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                    format_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
-                    m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-            elif extension == 'mp4' or ext == 'mp4':
-                formats.append({
-                    'url': format_url,
-                    'format_id': type_,
-                    'width': int_or_none(resource.get('width')),
-                    'height': int_or_none(resource.get('height')),
-                })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        attrs = {}
-        for attribute in video['attributes']:
-            if not isinstance(attribute, dict):
-                continue
-            key = attribute.get('fieldKey')
-            value = attribute.get('fieldValue')
-            if not key or not value:
-                continue
-            attrs[key] = value
-
-        title = attrs.get('title_stv') or video_id
-        alt_title = attrs.get('title')
-        description = attrs.get('long_description') or attrs.get('short_description')
-        series = attrs.get('label')
-        season = attrs.get('season')
-        episode = attrs.get('chapter')
-        duration = float_or_none(attrs.get('duration'), scale=1000)
+        season = video.get('season')
         season_number = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
             r'Season (\d+)', season or '', 'season number', default=None))
+        episode = video.get('chapter')
         episode_number = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
             r'Episode (\d+)', episode or '', 'episode number', default=None))
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'alt_title': alt_title,
-            'description': description,
-            'thumbnail': thumbnail,
-            'duration': duration,
-            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(video.get('lastPublished')),
-            'series': series,
+            'title': video.get('title'),
+            'description': self._get_description(video_id) or video.get('description'),
+            'thumbnail': video.get('poster'),
+            'duration': float_or_none(video.get('duration')),
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(video.get('currentSunrise')),
+            'series': video.get('label'),
             'season': season,
             'season_number': season_number,
             'episode': episode,
             'episode_number': episode_number,
             'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
         }
+
+    def _get_description(self, video_id):
+        info = self._download_json(
+            f'https://backend.servustv.com/wp-json/rbmh/v2/media_asset/aa_id/{video_id}?fieldset=page',
+            video_id, fatal=False)
+
+        return join_nonempty(*traverse_obj(info, (
+            ('stv_short_description', 'stv_long_description'),
+            {lambda x: unescapeHTML(x.replace('\n\n', '\n'))})), delim='\n\n')
+
+    def _report_errors(self, video):
+        playability_errors = traverse_obj(video, ('playabilityErrors', ...))
+        if not playability_errors:
+            raise ExtractorError('No videoUrl and no information about errors')
+
+        elif 'FSK_BLOCKED' in playability_errors:
+            details = traverse_obj(video, ('playabilityErrorDetails', 'FSK_BLOCKED'), expected_type=dict)
+            message = format_field(''.join((
+                format_field(details, 'minEveningHour', ' from %02d:00'),
+                format_field(details, 'maxMorningHour', ' to %02d:00'),
+                format_field(details, 'minAge', ' (Minimum age %d)'),
+            )), None, 'Only available%s') or 'Blocked by FSK with unknown availability'
+
+        elif 'NOT_YET_AVAILABLE' in playability_errors:
+            message = format_field(
+                video, (('playabilityErrorDetails', 'NOT_YET_AVAILABLE', 'availableFrom'), 'currentSunrise'),
+                'Only available from %s') or 'Video not yet available with unknown availability'
+
+        else:
+            message = f'Video unavailable: {", ".join(playability_errors)}'
+
+        raise ExtractorError(message, expected=True)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sevenplus.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sevenplus.py
index 8e95bc230d..222bf6ce7a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sevenplus.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sevenplus.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import json
 import re
 
-from .brightcove import BrightcoveNewIE
+from .brightcove import BrightcoveNewBaseIE
 from ..compat import (
     compat_HTTPError,
     compat_str,
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class SevenPlusIE(BrightcoveNewIE):
+class SevenPlusIE(BrightcoveNewBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = '7plus'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?7plus\.com\.au/(?P<path>[^?]+\?.*?\bepisode-id=(?P<id>[^&#]+))'
     _TESTS = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sexu.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sexu.py
index 000f7e166a..3117f81e38 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sexu.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sexu.py
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ class SexuIE(InfoExtractor):
                 r'^(\d+)[pP]', source.get('label', ''), 'height',
                 default=None)),
         } for source in sources if source.get('file')]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._html_search_regex(
             r'<title>([^<]+)\s*-\s*Sexu\.Com</title>', webpage, 'title')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/seznamzpravy.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/seznamzpravy.py
index 05642a1168..79e8885835 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/seznamzpravy.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/seznamzpravy.py
@@ -93,7 +93,6 @@ class SeznamZpravyIE(InfoExtractor):
                 urljoin(sdn_url, hls_rel_url), video_id, ext='mp4',
                 m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/shahid.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/shahid.py
index 53ca86b73e..26a0bff400 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/shahid.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/shahid.py
@@ -118,7 +118,6 @@ class ShahidIE(ShahidBaseIE):
             # https://docs.aws.amazon.com/mediapackage/latest/ug/manifest-filtering.html
             r'aws\.manifestfilter=[\w:;,-]+&?',
             '', playout['url']), video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         # video = self._call_api(
         #     'product/id', video_id, {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/shemaroome.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/shemaroome.py
index c0780abe2e..7a78c6e054 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/shemaroome.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/shemaroome.py
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@ class ShemarooMeIE(InfoExtractor):
         iv = [0] * 16
         m3u8_url = unpad_pkcs7(intlist_to_bytes(aes_cbc_decrypt(url_data, key, iv))).decode('ascii')
         formats, m3u8_subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(m3u8_url, video_id, fatal=False, headers={'stream_key': data_json['stream_key']})
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         release_date = self._html_search_regex(
             (r'itemprop="uploadDate">\s*([\d-]+)', r'id="release_date" value="([\d-]+)'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/showroomlive.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/showroomlive.py
index cd681a0351..ab18953118 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/showroomlive.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/showroomlive.py
@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@ class ShowRoomLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'format_note': stream.get('label'),
                     'quality': int_or_none(stream.get('quality', 100)),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': compat_str(room.get('live_id') or broadcaster_id),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sibnet.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sibnet.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..73bb75d8f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sibnet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class SibnetEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
+    # Ref: https://help.sibnet.ru/?sibnet_video_embed
+    _VALID_URL = False
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe\b[^>]+\bsrc=(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?:)?//video\.sibnet\.ru/shell\.php\?.*?\bvideoid=\d+.*?)\1']
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://phpbb3.x-tk.ru/bbcode-video-sibnet-t24.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'shell',  # FIXME?
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://video.sibnet.ru/upload/cover/video_1887072_0.jpg',
+            'title': 'КВН Москва не сразу строилась  - Девушка впервые играет в Mortal Kombat',
+        }
+    }]
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sina.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sina.py
index d30d57d858..aeba4e3771 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sina.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sina.py
@@ -97,7 +97,6 @@ class SinaIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'quality': preference(quality_id),
                     'ext': 'mp4',
                 })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             return {
                 'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sixplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sixplay.py
index b7b7d7d7fd..a6fb6c1f5b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sixplay.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sixplay.py
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ class SixPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'quality': quality_key(quality),
                     'ext': ext,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         def get(getter):
             for src in (data, clip_data):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/skyit.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/skyit.py
index 438fb60e3e..42d30f7c4c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/skyit.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/skyit.py
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ class SkyItPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
         'salesforce': 'C6D585FD1615272C98DE38235F38BD86',
         'sitocommerciale': 'VJwfFuSGnLKnd9Phe9y96WkXgYDCguPMJ2dLhGMb2RE',
         'sky': 'F96WlOd8yoFmLQgiqv6fNQRvHZcsWk5jDaYnDvhbiJk',
-        'skyacademy': 'A6LAn7EkO2Q26FRy0IAMBekX6jzDXYL3',
         'skyarte': 'LWk29hfiU39NNdq87ePeRach3nzTSV20o0lTv2001Cd',
         'theupfront': 'PRSGmDMsg6QMGc04Obpoy7Vsbn7i2Whp',
     }
@@ -42,12 +41,7 @@ class SkyItPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not hls_url and video.get('geoblock' if is_live else 'geob'):
             self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=['IT'])
 
-        if is_live:
-            formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(hls_url, video_id, 'mp4')
-        else:
-            formats = self._extract_akamai_formats(
-                hls_url, video_id, {'http': 'videoplatform.sky.it'})
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(hls_url, video_id, 'mp4')
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -75,19 +69,22 @@ class SkyItPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
         return self._parse_video(video, video_id)
 
 
-class SkyItVideoIE(SkyItPlayerIE):
+class SkyItVideoIE(SkyItPlayerIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'video.sky.it'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:masterchef|video|xfactor)\.sky\.it(?:/[^/]+)*/video/[0-9a-z-]+-(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://video.sky.it/news/mondo/video/uomo-ucciso-da-uno-squalo-in-australia-631227',
-        'md5': 'fe5c91e59a84a3437eaa0bca6e134ccd',
+        'md5': '5b858a62d9ffe2ab77b397553024184a',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '631227',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Uomo ucciso da uno squalo in Australia',
             'timestamp': 1606036192,
             'upload_date': '20201122',
-        }
+            'duration': 26,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://video.sky.it/captures/thumbs/631227/631227_thumb_880x494.jpg',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }, {
         'url': 'https://xfactor.sky.it/video/x-factor-2020-replay-audizioni-1-615820',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -101,7 +98,7 @@ class SkyItVideoIE(SkyItPlayerIE):
         return self._player_url_result(video_id)
 
 
-class SkyItVideoLiveIE(SkyItPlayerIE):
+class SkyItVideoLiveIE(SkyItPlayerIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'video.sky.it:live'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://video\.sky\.it/diretta/(?P<id>[^/?&#]+)'
     _TEST = {
@@ -110,7 +107,8 @@ class SkyItVideoLiveIE(SkyItPlayerIE):
             'id': '1',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': r're:Diretta TG24 \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}',
-            'description': 'Guarda la diretta streaming di SkyTg24, segui con Sky tutti gli appuntamenti e gli speciali di Tg24.',
+            'description': r're:(?:Clicca play e )?[Gg]uarda la diretta streaming di SkyTg24, segui con Sky tutti gli appuntamenti e gli speciali di Tg24\.',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
         },
         'params': {
             # m3u8 download
@@ -128,19 +126,21 @@ class SkyItVideoLiveIE(SkyItPlayerIE):
         return self._parse_video(livestream, asset_id)
 
 
-class SkyItIE(SkyItPlayerIE):
+class SkyItIE(SkyItPlayerIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'sky.it'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:sport|tg24)\.sky\.it(?:/[^/]+)*/\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}/(?P<id>[^/?&#]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://sport.sky.it/calcio/serie-a/2020/11/21/juventus-cagliari-risultato-gol',
+        'url': 'https://sport.sky.it/calcio/serie-a/2022/11/03/brozovic-inter-news',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '631201',
+            'id': '789222',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Un rosso alla violenza: in campo per i diritti delle donne',
-            'upload_date': '20201121',
-            'timestamp': 1605995753,
+            'title': 'Brozovic con il gruppo: verso convocazione per Juve-Inter',
+            'upload_date': '20221103',
+            'timestamp': 1667484130,
+            'duration': 22,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://videoplatform.sky.it/still/2022/11/03/1667480526353_brozovic_videostill_1.jpg',
         },
-        'expected_warnings': ['Unable to download f4m manifest'],
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }, {
         'url': 'https://tg24.sky.it/mondo/2020/11/22/australia-squalo-uccide-uomo',
         'md5': 'fe5c91e59a84a3437eaa0bca6e134ccd',
@@ -150,7 +150,10 @@ class SkyItIE(SkyItPlayerIE):
             'title': 'Uomo ucciso da uno squalo in Australia',
             'timestamp': 1606036192,
             'upload_date': '20201122',
+            'duration': 26,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://video.sky.it/captures/thumbs/631227/631227_thumb_880x494.jpg',
         },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }]
     _VIDEO_ID_REGEX = r'data-videoid="(\d+)"'
 
@@ -162,43 +165,28 @@ class SkyItIE(SkyItPlayerIE):
         return self._player_url_result(video_id)
 
 
-class SkyItAcademyIE(SkyItIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'skyacademy.it'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?skyacademy\.it(?:/[^/]+)*/\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}/(?P<id>[^/?&#]+)'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://www.skyacademy.it/eventi-speciali/2019/07/05/a-lezione-di-cinema-con-sky-academy-/',
-        'md5': 'ced5c26638b7863190cbc44dd6f6ba08',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '523458',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Sky Academy "The Best CineCamp 2019"',
-            'timestamp': 1562843784,
-            'upload_date': '20190711',
-        }
-    }]
-    _DOMAIN = 'skyacademy'
-    _VIDEO_ID_REGEX = r'id="news-videoId_(\d+)"'
-
-
-class SkyItArteIE(SkyItIE):
+class SkyItArteIE(SkyItIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'arte.sky.it'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://arte\.sky\.it/video/(?P<id>[^/?&#]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://arte.sky.it/video/serie-musei-venezia-collezionismo-12-novembre/',
+        'url': 'https://arte.sky.it/video/oliviero-toscani-torino-galleria-mazzoleni-788962',
         'md5': '515aee97b87d7a018b6c80727d3e7e17',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '627926',
+            'id': '788962',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': "Musei Galleria Franchetti alla Ca' d'Oro Palazzo Grimani",
-            'upload_date': '20201106',
-            'timestamp': 1604664493,
-        }
+            'title': 'La fotografia di Oliviero Toscani conquista Torino',
+            'upload_date': '20221102',
+            'timestamp': 1667399996,
+            'duration': 12,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://videoplatform.sky.it/still/2022/11/02/1667396388552_oliviero-toscani-torino-galleria-mazzoleni_videostill_1.jpg',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }]
     _DOMAIN = 'skyarte'
-    _VIDEO_ID_REGEX = r'(?s)<iframe[^>]+src="(?:https:)?//player\.sky\.it/player/external\.html\?[^"]*\bid=(\d+)'
+    _VIDEO_ID_REGEX = r'"embedUrl"\s*:\s*"(?:https:)?//player\.sky\.it/player/external\.html\?[^"]*\bid=(\d+)'
 
 
-class CieloTVItIE(SkyItIE):
+class CieloTVItIE(SkyItIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'cielotv.it'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cielotv\.it/video/(?P<id>[^.]+)\.html'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -210,17 +198,20 @@ class CieloTVItIE(SkyItIE):
             'title': 'Il lunedì è sempre un dramma',
             'upload_date': '20190329',
             'timestamp': 1553862178,
-        }
+            'duration': 30,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://videoplatform.sky.it/still/2019/03/29/1553858575610_lunedi_dramma_mant_videostill_1.jpg',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }]
     _DOMAIN = 'cielo'
     _VIDEO_ID_REGEX = r'videoId\s*=\s*"(\d+)"'
 
 
-class TV8ItIE(SkyItVideoIE):
+class TV8ItIE(SkyItVideoIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'tv8.it'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://tv8\.it/showvideo/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tv8\.it/(?:show)?video/[0-9a-z-]+-(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://tv8.it/showvideo/630529/ogni-mattina-ucciso-asino-di-andrea-lo-cicero/18-11-2020/',
+        'url': 'https://www.tv8.it/video/ogni-mattina-ucciso-asino-di-andrea-lo-cicero-630529',
         'md5': '9ab906a3f75ea342ed928442f9dabd21',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '630529',
@@ -228,6 +219,9 @@ class TV8ItIE(SkyItVideoIE):
             'title': 'Ogni mattina - Ucciso asino di Andrea Lo Cicero',
             'timestamp': 1605721374,
             'upload_date': '20201118',
-        }
+            'duration': 114,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://videoplatform.sky.it/still/2020/11/18/1605717753954_ogni-mattina-ucciso-asino-di-andrea-lo-cicero_videostill_1.jpg',
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }]
     _DOMAIN = 'mtv8'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/slideslive.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/slideslive.py
index 72ca560579..3d36edbbc3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/slideslive.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/slideslive.py
@@ -1,103 +1,567 @@
+import re
+import urllib.parse
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
-    bool_or_none,
+    ExtractorError,
+    int_or_none,
+    parse_qs,
     smuggle_url,
-    try_get,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unified_timestamp,
+    update_url_query,
     url_or_none,
+    xpath_text,
 )
 
 
 class SlidesLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://slideslive\.com/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://slideslive\.com/(?:embed/(?:presentation/)?)?(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        # video_service_name = YOUTUBE
+        # service_name = yoda, only XML slides info
         'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38902413/gcc-ia16-backend',
-        'md5': 'b29fcd6c6952d0c79c5079b0e7a07e6f',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'LMtgR8ba0b0',
+            'id': '38902413',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'GCC IA16 backend',
-            'description': 'Watch full version of this video at https://slideslive.com/38902413.',
-            'uploader': 'SlidesLive Videos - A',
-            'uploader_id': 'UC62SdArr41t_-_fX40QCLRw',
-            'timestamp': 1597615266,
-            'upload_date': '20170925',
-        }
-    }, {
-        # video_service_name = yoda
-        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38935785',
-        'md5': '575cd7a6c0acc6e28422fe76dd4bcb1a',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'RMraDYN5ozA_',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Offline Reinforcement Learning: From Algorithms to Practical Challenges',
+            'timestamp': 1648189972,
+            'upload_date': '20220325',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:42',
+            'chapters': 'count:41',
+            'duration': 1638,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
         },
     }, {
-        # video_service_name = youtube
+        # service_name = yoda, /v7/ slides
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38935785',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38935785',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Offline Reinforcement Learning: From Algorithms to Practical Challenges',
+            'upload_date': '20211115',
+            'timestamp': 1636996003,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:640',
+            'chapters': 'count:639',
+            'duration': 9832,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # service_name = yoda, /v1/ slides
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38973182/how-should-a-machine-learning-researcher-think-about-ai-ethics',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38973182',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'How Should a Machine Learning Researcher Think About AI Ethics?',
+            'upload_date': '20220201',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'timestamp': 1643728135,
+            'thumbnails': 'count:3',
+            'chapters': 'count:2',
+            'duration': 5889,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # service_name = youtube, only XML slides info
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38897546/special-metaprednaska-petra-ludwiga-hodnoty-pro-lepsi-spolecnost',
+        'md5': '8a79b5e3d700837f40bd2afca3c8fa01',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'jmg02wCJD5M',
+            'display_id': '38897546',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'SPECIÁL: Meta-přednáška Petra Ludwiga - Hodnoty pro lepší společnost',
+            'description': 'Watch full version of this video at https://slideslive.com/38897546.',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZWdAkNYFncuX0khyvhqnxw',
+            'channel': 'SlidesLive Videos - G1',
+            'channel_id': 'UCZWdAkNYFncuX0khyvhqnxw',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCZWdAkNYFncuX0khyvhqnxw',
+            'uploader': 'SlidesLive Videos - G1',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZWdAkNYFncuX0khyvhqnxw',
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'upload_date': '20160710',
+            'timestamp': 1618786715,
+            'duration': 6827,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|webp)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:169',
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'availability': 'unlisted',
+            'tags': [],
+            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
+            'chapters': 'count:168',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # embed-only presentation, only XML slides info
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/embed/presentation/38925850',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38925850',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Towards a Deep Network Architecture for Structured Smoothness',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:8',
+            'timestamp': 1629671508,
+            'upload_date': '20210822',
+            'chapters': 'count:7',
+            'duration': 326,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # embed-only presentation, only JSON slides info, /v5/ slides (.png)
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38979920/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38979920',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'MoReL: Multi-omics Relational Learning',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:7',
+            'timestamp': 1654714970,
+            'upload_date': '20220608',
+            'chapters': 'count:6',
+            'duration': 171,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # /v2/ slides (.jpg)
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38954074',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38954074',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Decentralized Attribution of Generative Models',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:16',
+            'timestamp': 1622806321,
+            'upload_date': '20210604',
+            'chapters': 'count:15',
+            'duration': 306,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # /v4/ slides (.png)
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38979570/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38979570',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Efficient Active Search for Combinatorial Optimization Problems',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:9',
+            'timestamp': 1654714896,
+            'upload_date': '20220608',
+            'chapters': 'count:8',
+            'duration': 295,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # /v10/ slides
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/embed/presentation/38979880?embed_parent_url=https%3A%2F%2Fedit.videoken.com%2F',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38979880',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'The Representation Power of Neural Networks',
+            'timestamp': 1654714962,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:22',
+            'upload_date': '20220608',
+            'chapters': 'count:21',
+            'duration': 294,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # /v7/ slides, 2 video slides
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/embed/presentation/38979682?embed_container_origin=https%3A%2F%2Fedit.videoken.com',
+        'playlist_count': 3,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38979682-playlist',
+            'title': 'LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models',
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '38979682',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models',
+                'timestamp': 1654714920,
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+                'thumbnails': 'count:30',
+                'upload_date': '20220608',
+                'chapters': 'count:31',
+                'duration': 272,
+            },
+        }, {
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '38979682-021',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models - Slide 021',
+                'duration': 3,
+                'timestamp': 1654714920,
+                'upload_date': '20220608',
+            },
+        }, {
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '38979682-024',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models - Slide 024',
+                'duration': 4,
+                'timestamp': 1654714920,
+                'upload_date': '20220608',
+            },
+        }],
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # /v6/ slides, 1 video slide, edit.videoken.com embed
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38979481/',
+        'playlist_count': 2,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38979481-playlist',
+            'title': 'How to Train Your MAML to Excel in Few-Shot Classification',
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '38979481',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'How to Train Your MAML to Excel in Few-Shot Classification',
+                'timestamp': 1654714877,
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+                'thumbnails': 'count:43',
+                'upload_date': '20220608',
+                'chapters': 'count:43',
+                'duration': 315,
+            },
+        }, {
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '38979481-013',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'How to Train Your MAML to Excel in Few-Shot Classification - Slide 013',
+                'duration': 3,
+                'timestamp': 1654714877,
+                'upload_date': '20220608',
+            },
+        }],
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # /v3/ slides, .jpg and .png, service_name = youtube
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/embed/38932460/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'RTPdrgkyTiE',
+            'display_id': '38932460',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Active Learning for Hierarchical Multi-Label Classification',
+            'description': 'Watch full version of this video at https://slideslive.com/38932460.',
+            'channel': 'SlidesLive Videos - A',
+            'channel_id': 'UC62SdArr41t_-_fX40QCLRw',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC62SdArr41t_-_fX40QCLRw',
+            'uploader': 'SlidesLive Videos - A',
+            'uploader_id': 'UC62SdArr41t_-_fX40QCLRw',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC62SdArr41t_-_fX40QCLRw',
+            'upload_date': '20200903',
+            'timestamp': 1602599092,
+            'duration': 942,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'availability': 'unlisted',
+            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
+            'tags': [],
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png|webp)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:21',
+            'chapters': 'count:20',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # /v3/ slides, .png only, service_name = yoda
+        'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38983994',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38983994',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Zero-Shot AutoML with Pretrained Models',
+            'timestamp': 1662384834,
+            'upload_date': '20220905',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:23',
+            'chapters': 'count:22',
+            'duration': 295,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # service_name = yoda
         'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38903721/magic-a-scientific-resurrection-of-an-esoteric-legend',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
-        # video_service_name = url
+        # dead link, service_name = url
         'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38922070/learning-transferable-skills-1',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
-        # video_service_name = vimeo
+        # dead link, service_name = vimeo
         'url': 'https://slideslive.com/38921896/retrospectives-a-venue-for-selfreflection-in-ml-research-3',
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        # only XML slides info
+        'url': 'https://iclr.cc/virtual_2020/poster_Hklr204Fvr.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38925850',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Towards a Deep Network Architecture for Structured Smoothness',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:8',
+            'timestamp': 1629671508,
+            'upload_date': '20210822',
+            'chapters': 'count:7',
+            'duration': 326,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
+        # Reference: https://slideslive.com/embed_presentation.js
+        for embed_id in re.findall(r'(?s)new\s+SlidesLiveEmbed\s*\([^)]+\bpresentationId:\s*["\'](\d+)["\']', webpage):
+            url_parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+            origin = f'{url_parsed.scheme}://{url_parsed.netloc}'
+            yield update_url_query(
+                f'https://slideslive.com/embed/presentation/{embed_id}', {
+                    'embed_parent_url': url,
+                    'embed_container_origin': origin,
+                })
+
+    def _download_embed_webpage_handle(self, video_id, headers):
+        return self._download_webpage_handle(
+            f'https://slideslive.com/embed/presentation/{video_id}', video_id,
+            headers=headers, query=traverse_obj(headers, {
+                'embed_parent_url': 'Referer',
+                'embed_container_origin': 'Origin',
+            }))
+
+    def _extract_custom_m3u8_info(self, m3u8_data):
+        m3u8_dict = {}
+
+        lookup = {
+            'PRESENTATION-TITLE': 'title',
+            'PRESENTATION-UPDATED-AT': 'timestamp',
+            'PRESENTATION-THUMBNAIL': 'thumbnail',
+            'PLAYLIST-TYPE': 'playlist_type',
+            'VOD-VIDEO-SERVICE-NAME': 'service_name',
+            'VOD-VIDEO-ID': 'service_id',
+            'VOD-VIDEO-SERVERS': 'video_servers',
+            'VOD-SUBTITLES': 'subtitles',
+            'VOD-SLIDES-JSON-URL': 'slides_json_url',
+            'VOD-SLIDES-XML-URL': 'slides_xml_url',
+        }
+
+        for line in m3u8_data.splitlines():
+            if not line.startswith('#EXT-SL-'):
+                continue
+            tag, _, value = line.partition(':')
+            key = lookup.get(tag.lstrip('#EXT-SL-'))
+            if not key:
+                continue
+            m3u8_dict[key] = value
+
+        # Some values are stringified JSON arrays
+        for key in ('video_servers', 'subtitles'):
+            if key in m3u8_dict:
+                m3u8_dict[key] = self._parse_json(m3u8_dict[key], None, fatal=False) or []
+
+        return m3u8_dict
+
+    def _extract_formats_and_duration(self, cdn_hostname, path, video_id, skip_duration=False):
+        formats, duration = [], None
+
+        hls_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+            f'https://{cdn_hostname}/{path}/master.m3u8',
+            video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False, live=True)
+        if hls_formats:
+            if not skip_duration:
+                duration = self._extract_m3u8_vod_duration(
+                    hls_formats[0]['url'], video_id, note='Extracting duration from HLS manifest')
+            formats.extend(hls_formats)
+
+        dash_formats = self._extract_mpd_formats(
+            f'https://{cdn_hostname}/{path}/master.mpd', video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False)
+        if dash_formats:
+            if not duration and not skip_duration:
+                duration = self._extract_mpd_vod_duration(
+                    f'https://{cdn_hostname}/{path}/master.mpd', video_id,
+                    note='Extracting duration from DASH manifest')
+            formats.extend(dash_formats)
+
+        return formats, duration
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        video_data = self._download_json(
-            'https://ben.slideslive.com/player/' + video_id, video_id)
-        service_name = video_data['video_service_name'].lower()
+        webpage, urlh = self._download_embed_webpage_handle(
+            video_id, headers=traverse_obj(parse_qs(url), {
+                'Referer': ('embed_parent_url', -1),
+                'Origin': ('embed_container_origin', -1)}))
+        redirect_url = urlh.geturl()
+        if 'domain_not_allowed' in redirect_url:
+            domain = traverse_obj(parse_qs(redirect_url), ('allowed_domains[]', ...), get_all=False)
+            if not domain:
+                raise ExtractorError(
+                    'This is an embed-only presentation. Try passing --referer', expected=True)
+            webpage, _ = self._download_embed_webpage_handle(video_id, headers={
+                'Referer': f'https://{domain}/',
+                'Origin': f'https://{domain}',
+            })
+
+        player_token = self._search_regex(r'data-player-token="([^"]+)"', webpage, 'player token')
+        player_data = self._download_webpage(
+            f'https://ben.slideslive.com/player/{video_id}', video_id,
+            note='Downloading player info', query={'player_token': player_token})
+        player_info = self._extract_custom_m3u8_info(player_data)
+
+        service_name = player_info['service_name'].lower()
         assert service_name in ('url', 'yoda', 'vimeo', 'youtube')
-        service_id = video_data['video_service_id']
+        service_id = player_info['service_id']
+
+        slide_url_template = 'https://slides.slideslive.com/%s/slides/original/%s%s'
+        slides, slides_info = {}, []
+
+        if player_info.get('slides_json_url'):
+            slides = self._download_json(
+                player_info['slides_json_url'], video_id, fatal=False,
+                note='Downloading slides JSON', errnote=False) or {}
+            slide_ext_default = '.png'
+            slide_quality = traverse_obj(slides, ('slide_qualities', 0))
+            if slide_quality:
+                slide_ext_default = '.jpg'
+                slide_url_template = f'https://cdn.slideslive.com/data/presentations/%s/slides/{slide_quality}/%s%s'
+            for slide_id, slide in enumerate(traverse_obj(slides, ('slides', ...), expected_type=dict), 1):
+                slides_info.append((
+                    slide_id, traverse_obj(slide, ('image', 'name')),
+                    traverse_obj(slide, ('image', 'extname'), default=slide_ext_default),
+                    int_or_none(slide.get('time'), scale=1000)))
+
+        if not slides and player_info.get('slides_xml_url'):
+            slides = self._download_xml(
+                player_info['slides_xml_url'], video_id, fatal=False,
+                note='Downloading slides XML', errnote='Failed to download slides info')
+            slide_url_template = 'https://cdn.slideslive.com/data/presentations/%s/slides/big/%s%s'
+            for slide_id, slide in enumerate(slides.findall('./slide') if slides else [], 1):
+                slides_info.append((
+                    slide_id, xpath_text(slide, './slideName', 'name'), '.jpg',
+                    int_or_none(xpath_text(slide, './timeSec', 'time'))))
+
+        chapters, thumbnails = [], []
+        if url_or_none(player_info.get('thumbnail')):
+            thumbnails.append({'id': 'cover', 'url': player_info['thumbnail']})
+        for slide_id, slide_path, slide_ext, start_time in slides_info:
+            if slide_path:
+                thumbnails.append({
+                    'id': f'{slide_id:03d}',
+                    'url': slide_url_template % (video_id, slide_path, slide_ext),
+                })
+            chapters.append({
+                'title': f'Slide {slide_id:03d}',
+                'start_time': start_time,
+            })
+
         subtitles = {}
-        for sub in try_get(video_data, lambda x: x['subtitles'], list) or []:
-            if not isinstance(sub, dict):
-                continue
+        for sub in traverse_obj(player_info, ('subtitles', ...), expected_type=dict):
             webvtt_url = url_or_none(sub.get('webvtt_url'))
             if not webvtt_url:
                 continue
-            lang = sub.get('language') or 'en'
-            subtitles.setdefault(lang, []).append({
+            subtitles.setdefault(sub.get('language') or 'en', []).append({
                 'url': webvtt_url,
+                'ext': 'vtt',
             })
+
         info = {
             'id': video_id,
-            'thumbnail': video_data.get('thumbnail'),
-            'is_live': bool_or_none(video_data.get('is_live')),
+            'title': player_info.get('title') or self._html_search_meta('title', webpage, default=''),
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(player_info.get('timestamp')),
+            'is_live': player_info.get('playlist_type') != 'vod',
+            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
+            'chapters': chapters,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
         }
-        if service_name in ('url', 'yoda'):
-            info['title'] = video_data['title']
-            if service_name == 'url':
-                info['url'] = service_id
-            else:
-                formats = []
-                _MANIFEST_PATTERN = 'https://01.cdn.yoda.slideslive.com/%s/master.%s'
-                # use `m3u8` entry_protocol until EXT-X-MAP is properly supported by `m3u8_native` entry_protocol
-                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                    _MANIFEST_PATTERN % (service_id, 'm3u8'),
-                    service_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-                formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
-                    _MANIFEST_PATTERN % (service_id, 'mpd'), service_id,
-                    mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
-                info.update({
-                    'id': service_id,
-                    'formats': formats,
-                })
+
+        if service_name == 'url':
+            info['url'] = service_id
+        elif service_name == 'yoda':
+            formats, duration = self._extract_formats_and_duration(
+                player_info['video_servers'][0], service_id, video_id)
+            info.update({
+                'duration': duration,
+                'formats': formats,
+            })
         else:
             info.update({
                 '_type': 'url_transparent',
                 'url': service_id,
                 'ie_key': service_name.capitalize(),
-                'title': video_data.get('title'),
+                'display_id': video_id,
             })
             if service_name == 'vimeo':
                 info['url'] = smuggle_url(
-                    'https://player.vimeo.com/video/' + service_id,
+                    f'https://player.vimeo.com/video/{service_id}',
                     {'http_headers': {'Referer': url}})
-        return info
+
+        video_slides = traverse_obj(slides, ('slides', ..., 'video', 'id'))
+        if not video_slides:
+            return info
+
+        def entries():
+            yield info
+
+            service_data = self._download_json(
+                f'https://ben.slideslive.com/player/{video_id}/slides_video_service_data',
+                video_id, fatal=False, query={
+                    'player_token': player_token,
+                    'videos': ','.join(video_slides),
+                }, note='Downloading video slides info', errnote='Failed to download video slides info') or {}
+
+            for slide_id, slide in enumerate(traverse_obj(slides, ('slides', ...)), 1):
+                if not traverse_obj(slide, ('video', 'service')) == 'yoda':
+                    continue
+                video_path = traverse_obj(slide, ('video', 'id'))
+                cdn_hostname = traverse_obj(service_data, (
+                    video_path, 'video_servers', ...), get_all=False)
+                if not cdn_hostname or not video_path:
+                    continue
+                formats, _ = self._extract_formats_and_duration(
+                    cdn_hostname, video_path, video_id, skip_duration=True)
+                if not formats:
+                    continue
+                yield {
+                    'id': f'{video_id}-{slide_id:03d}',
+                    'title': f'{info["title"]} - Slide {slide_id:03d}',
+                    'timestamp': info['timestamp'],
+                    'duration': int_or_none(traverse_obj(slide, ('video', 'duration_ms')), scale=1000),
+                    'formats': formats,
+                }
+
+        return self.playlist_result(entries(), f'{video_id}-playlist', info['title'])
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/smotrim.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/smotrim.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3f1b695b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/smotrim.py
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import ExtractorError
+
+
+class SmotrimIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://smotrim\.ru/(?P<type>brand|video|article|live)/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{  # video
+        'url': 'https://smotrim.ru/video/1539617',
+        'md5': 'b1923a533c8cab09679789d720d0b1c5',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1539617',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Полиглот. Китайский с нуля за 16 часов! Урок №16',
+            'description': '',
+        },
+        'add_ie': ['RUTV'],
+    }, {  # article (geo-restricted? plays fine from the US and JP)
+        'url': 'https://smotrim.ru/article/2813445',
+        'md5': 'e0ac453952afbc6a2742e850b4dc8e77',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2431846',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Новости культуры. Съёмки первой программы "Большие и маленькие"',
+            'description': 'md5:94a4a22472da4252bf5587a4ee441b99',
+        },
+        'add_ie': ['RUTV'],
+    }, {  # brand, redirect
+        'url': 'https://smotrim.ru/brand/64356',
+        'md5': '740472999ccff81d7f6df79cecd91c18',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2354523',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Большие и маленькие. Лучшее. 4-й выпуск',
+            'description': 'md5:84089e834429008371ea41ea3507b989',
+        },
+        'add_ie': ['RUTV'],
+    }, {  # live
+        'url': 'https://smotrim.ru/live/19201',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '19201',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            # this looks like a TV channel name
+            'title': 'Россия Культура. Прямой эфир',
+            'description': '',
+        },
+        'add_ie': ['RUTV'],
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id, typ = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'type')
+        rutv_type = 'video'
+        if typ not in ('video', 'live'):
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, f'Resolving {typ} link')
+            # there are two cases matching regex:
+            # 1. "embedUrl" in JSON LD (/brand/)
+            # 2. "src" attribute from iframe (/article/)
+            video_id = self._search_regex(
+                r'"https://player.smotrim.ru/iframe/video/id/(?P<video_id>\d+)/',
+                webpage, 'video_id', default=None)
+            if not video_id:
+                raise ExtractorError('There are no video in this page.', expected=True)
+        elif typ == 'live':
+            rutv_type = 'live'
+
+        return self.url_result(f'https://player.vgtrk.com/iframe/{rutv_type}/id/{video_id}')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sohu.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sohu.py
index c3a1359558..a8f1e4623e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sohu.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sohu.py
@@ -176,7 +176,6 @@ class SohuIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'height': int_or_none(data.get('height')),
                     'fps': int_or_none(data.get('fps')),
                 })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             playlist.append({
                 'id': '%s_part%d' % (video_id, i + 1),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sonyliv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sonyliv.py
index 17d28478f9..aaad420f12 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sonyliv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sonyliv.py
@@ -150,7 +150,6 @@ class SonyLIVIE(InfoExtractor):
             video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', headers=headers, fatal=False))
         for f in formats:
             f.setdefault('http_headers', {}).update(headers)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         metadata = self._call_api(
             '1.6', 'IN/DETAIL/' + video_id, video_id)['containers'][0]['metadata']
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/soundcloud.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/soundcloud.py
index 2730052a01..979f23f44f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/soundcloud.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/soundcloud.py
@@ -60,6 +60,21 @@ class SoundcloudBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _access_token = None
     _HEADERS = {}
 
+    _IMAGE_REPL_RE = r'-([0-9a-z]+)\.jpg'
+
+    _ARTWORK_MAP = {
+        'mini': 16,
+        'tiny': 20,
+        'small': 32,
+        'badge': 47,
+        't67x67': 67,
+        'large': 100,
+        't300x300': 300,
+        'crop': 400,
+        't500x500': 500,
+        'original': 0,
+    }
+
     def _store_client_id(self, client_id):
         self.cache.store('soundcloud', 'client_id', client_id)
 
@@ -179,6 +194,157 @@ class SoundcloudBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         return out
 
+    def _extract_info_dict(self, info, full_title=None, secret_token=None, extract_flat=False):
+        track_id = compat_str(info['id'])
+        title = info['title']
+
+        format_urls = set()
+        formats = []
+        query = {'client_id': self._CLIENT_ID}
+        if secret_token:
+            query['secret_token'] = secret_token
+
+        if not extract_flat and info.get('downloadable') and info.get('has_downloads_left'):
+            download_url = update_url_query(
+                self._API_V2_BASE + 'tracks/' + track_id + '/download', query)
+            redirect_url = (self._download_json(download_url, track_id, fatal=False) or {}).get('redirectUri')
+            if redirect_url:
+                urlh = self._request_webpage(
+                    HEADRequest(redirect_url), track_id, fatal=False)
+                if urlh:
+                    format_url = urlh.geturl()
+                    format_urls.add(format_url)
+                    formats.append({
+                        'format_id': 'download',
+                        'ext': urlhandle_detect_ext(urlh) or 'mp3',
+                        'filesize': int_or_none(urlh.headers.get('Content-Length')),
+                        'url': format_url,
+                        'quality': 10,
+                    })
+
+        def invalid_url(url):
+            return not url or url in format_urls
+
+        def add_format(f, protocol, is_preview=False):
+            mobj = re.search(r'\.(?P<abr>\d+)\.(?P<ext>[0-9a-z]{3,4})(?=[/?])', stream_url)
+            if mobj:
+                for k, v in mobj.groupdict().items():
+                    if not f.get(k):
+                        f[k] = v
+            format_id_list = []
+            if protocol:
+                format_id_list.append(protocol)
+            ext = f.get('ext')
+            if ext == 'aac':
+                f['abr'] = '256'
+            for k in ('ext', 'abr'):
+                v = f.get(k)
+                if v:
+                    format_id_list.append(v)
+            preview = is_preview or re.search(r'/(?:preview|playlist)/0/30/', f['url'])
+            if preview:
+                format_id_list.append('preview')
+            abr = f.get('abr')
+            if abr:
+                f['abr'] = int(abr)
+            if protocol == 'hls':
+                protocol = 'm3u8' if ext == 'aac' else 'm3u8_native'
+            else:
+                protocol = 'http'
+            f.update({
+                'format_id': '_'.join(format_id_list),
+                'protocol': protocol,
+                'preference': -10 if preview else None,
+            })
+            formats.append(f)
+
+        # New API
+        transcodings = try_get(
+            info, lambda x: x['media']['transcodings'], list) or []
+        for t in transcodings:
+            if not isinstance(t, dict):
+                continue
+            format_url = url_or_none(t.get('url'))
+            if not format_url:
+                continue
+            stream = None if extract_flat else self._download_json(
+                format_url, track_id, query=query, fatal=False, headers=self._HEADERS)
+            if not isinstance(stream, dict):
+                continue
+            stream_url = url_or_none(stream.get('url'))
+            if invalid_url(stream_url):
+                continue
+            format_urls.add(stream_url)
+            stream_format = t.get('format') or {}
+            protocol = stream_format.get('protocol')
+            if protocol != 'hls' and '/hls' in format_url:
+                protocol = 'hls'
+            ext = None
+            preset = str_or_none(t.get('preset'))
+            if preset:
+                ext = preset.split('_')[0]
+            if ext not in KNOWN_EXTENSIONS:
+                ext = mimetype2ext(stream_format.get('mime_type'))
+            add_format({
+                'url': stream_url,
+                'ext': ext,
+            }, 'http' if protocol == 'progressive' else protocol,
+                t.get('snipped') or '/preview/' in format_url)
+
+        for f in formats:
+            f['vcodec'] = 'none'
+
+        if not formats and info.get('policy') == 'BLOCK':
+            self.raise_geo_restricted(metadata_available=True)
+
+        user = info.get('user') or {}
+
+        thumbnails = []
+        artwork_url = info.get('artwork_url')
+        thumbnail = artwork_url or user.get('avatar_url')
+        if isinstance(thumbnail, compat_str):
+            if re.search(self._IMAGE_REPL_RE, thumbnail):
+                for image_id, size in self._ARTWORK_MAP.items():
+                    i = {
+                        'id': image_id,
+                        'url': re.sub(self._IMAGE_REPL_RE, '-%s.jpg' % image_id, thumbnail),
+                    }
+                    if image_id == 'tiny' and not artwork_url:
+                        size = 18
+                    elif image_id == 'original':
+                        i['preference'] = 10
+                    if size:
+                        i.update({
+                            'width': size,
+                            'height': size,
+                        })
+                    thumbnails.append(i)
+            else:
+                thumbnails = [{'url': thumbnail}]
+
+        def extract_count(key):
+            return int_or_none(info.get('%s_count' % key))
+
+        return {
+            'id': track_id,
+            'uploader': user.get('username'),
+            'uploader_id': str_or_none(user.get('id')) or user.get('permalink'),
+            'uploader_url': user.get('permalink_url'),
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(info.get('created_at')),
+            'title': title,
+            'description': info.get('description'),
+            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
+            'duration': float_or_none(info.get('duration'), 1000),
+            'webpage_url': info.get('permalink_url'),
+            'license': info.get('license'),
+            'view_count': extract_count('playback'),
+            'like_count': extract_count('favoritings') or extract_count('likes'),
+            'comment_count': extract_count('comment'),
+            'repost_count': extract_count('reposts'),
+            'genre': info.get('genre'),
+            'formats': formats if not extract_flat else None
+        }
+
     @classmethod
     def _resolv_url(cls, url):
         return cls._API_V2_BASE + 'resolve?url=' + url
@@ -377,173 +543,6 @@ class SoundcloudIE(SoundcloudBaseIE):
         },
     ]
 
-    _IMAGE_REPL_RE = r'-([0-9a-z]+)\.jpg'
-
-    _ARTWORK_MAP = {
-        'mini': 16,
-        'tiny': 20,
-        'small': 32,
-        'badge': 47,
-        't67x67': 67,
-        'large': 100,
-        't300x300': 300,
-        'crop': 400,
-        't500x500': 500,
-        'original': 0,
-    }
-
-    def _extract_info_dict(self, info, full_title=None, secret_token=None):
-        track_id = compat_str(info['id'])
-        title = info['title']
-
-        format_urls = set()
-        formats = []
-        query = {'client_id': self._CLIENT_ID}
-        if secret_token:
-            query['secret_token'] = secret_token
-
-        if info.get('downloadable') and info.get('has_downloads_left'):
-            download_url = update_url_query(
-                self._API_V2_BASE + 'tracks/' + track_id + '/download', query)
-            redirect_url = (self._download_json(download_url, track_id, fatal=False) or {}).get('redirectUri')
-            if redirect_url:
-                urlh = self._request_webpage(
-                    HEADRequest(redirect_url), track_id, fatal=False)
-                if urlh:
-                    format_url = urlh.geturl()
-                    format_urls.add(format_url)
-                    formats.append({
-                        'format_id': 'download',
-                        'ext': urlhandle_detect_ext(urlh) or 'mp3',
-                        'filesize': int_or_none(urlh.headers.get('Content-Length')),
-                        'url': format_url,
-                        'quality': 10,
-                    })
-
-        def invalid_url(url):
-            return not url or url in format_urls
-
-        def add_format(f, protocol, is_preview=False):
-            mobj = re.search(r'\.(?P<abr>\d+)\.(?P<ext>[0-9a-z]{3,4})(?=[/?])', stream_url)
-            if mobj:
-                for k, v in mobj.groupdict().items():
-                    if not f.get(k):
-                        f[k] = v
-            format_id_list = []
-            if protocol:
-                format_id_list.append(protocol)
-            ext = f.get('ext')
-            if ext == 'aac':
-                f['abr'] = '256'
-            for k in ('ext', 'abr'):
-                v = f.get(k)
-                if v:
-                    format_id_list.append(v)
-            preview = is_preview or re.search(r'/(?:preview|playlist)/0/30/', f['url'])
-            if preview:
-                format_id_list.append('preview')
-            abr = f.get('abr')
-            if abr:
-                f['abr'] = int(abr)
-            if protocol == 'hls':
-                protocol = 'm3u8' if ext == 'aac' else 'm3u8_native'
-            else:
-                protocol = 'http'
-            f.update({
-                'format_id': '_'.join(format_id_list),
-                'protocol': protocol,
-                'preference': -10 if preview else None,
-            })
-            formats.append(f)
-
-        # New API
-        transcodings = try_get(
-            info, lambda x: x['media']['transcodings'], list) or []
-        for t in transcodings:
-            if not isinstance(t, dict):
-                continue
-            format_url = url_or_none(t.get('url'))
-            if not format_url:
-                continue
-            stream = self._download_json(
-                format_url, track_id, query=query, fatal=False, headers=self._HEADERS)
-            if not isinstance(stream, dict):
-                continue
-            stream_url = url_or_none(stream.get('url'))
-            if invalid_url(stream_url):
-                continue
-            format_urls.add(stream_url)
-            stream_format = t.get('format') or {}
-            protocol = stream_format.get('protocol')
-            if protocol != 'hls' and '/hls' in format_url:
-                protocol = 'hls'
-            ext = None
-            preset = str_or_none(t.get('preset'))
-            if preset:
-                ext = preset.split('_')[0]
-            if ext not in KNOWN_EXTENSIONS:
-                ext = mimetype2ext(stream_format.get('mime_type'))
-            add_format({
-                'url': stream_url,
-                'ext': ext,
-            }, 'http' if protocol == 'progressive' else protocol,
-                t.get('snipped') or '/preview/' in format_url)
-
-        for f in formats:
-            f['vcodec'] = 'none'
-
-        if not formats and info.get('policy') == 'BLOCK':
-            self.raise_geo_restricted(metadata_available=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        user = info.get('user') or {}
-
-        thumbnails = []
-        artwork_url = info.get('artwork_url')
-        thumbnail = artwork_url or user.get('avatar_url')
-        if isinstance(thumbnail, compat_str):
-            if re.search(self._IMAGE_REPL_RE, thumbnail):
-                for image_id, size in self._ARTWORK_MAP.items():
-                    i = {
-                        'id': image_id,
-                        'url': re.sub(self._IMAGE_REPL_RE, '-%s.jpg' % image_id, thumbnail),
-                    }
-                    if image_id == 'tiny' and not artwork_url:
-                        size = 18
-                    elif image_id == 'original':
-                        i['preference'] = 10
-                    if size:
-                        i.update({
-                            'width': size,
-                            'height': size,
-                        })
-                    thumbnails.append(i)
-            else:
-                thumbnails = [{'url': thumbnail}]
-
-        def extract_count(key):
-            return int_or_none(info.get('%s_count' % key))
-
-        return {
-            'id': track_id,
-            'uploader': user.get('username'),
-            'uploader_id': str_or_none(user.get('id')) or user.get('permalink'),
-            'uploader_url': user.get('permalink_url'),
-            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(info.get('created_at')),
-            'title': title,
-            'description': info.get('description'),
-            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
-            'duration': float_or_none(info.get('duration'), 1000),
-            'webpage_url': info.get('permalink_url'),
-            'license': info.get('license'),
-            'view_count': extract_count('playback'),
-            'like_count': extract_count('favoritings') or extract_count('likes'),
-            'comment_count': extract_count('comment'),
-            'repost_count': extract_count('reposts'),
-            'genre': info.get('genre'),
-            'formats': formats
-        }
-
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
 
@@ -783,6 +782,27 @@ class SoundcloudUserIE(SoundcloudPagedPlaylistBaseIE):
             '%s (%s)' % (user['username'], resource.capitalize()))
 
 
+class SoundcloudUserPermalinkIE(SoundcloudPagedPlaylistBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://api\.soundcloud\.com/users/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    IE_NAME = 'soundcloud:user:permalink'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://api.soundcloud.com/users/30909869',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '30909869',
+            'title': 'neilcic',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 23,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        user_id = self._match_id(url)
+        user = self._download_json(
+            self._resolv_url(url), user_id, 'Downloading user info', headers=self._HEADERS)
+
+        return self._extract_playlist(
+            f'{self._API_V2_BASE}stream/users/{user["id"]}', str(user['id']), user.get('username'))
+
+
 class SoundcloudTrackStationIE(SoundcloudPagedPlaylistBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www|m)\.)?soundcloud\.com/stations/track/[^/]+/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
     IE_NAME = 'soundcloud:trackstation'
@@ -891,6 +911,7 @@ class SoundcloudSearchIE(SoundcloudBaseIE, SearchInfoExtractor):
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'scsearch15:post-avant jazzcore',
         'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'post-avant jazzcore',
             'title': 'post-avant jazzcore',
         },
         'playlist_count': 15,
@@ -917,7 +938,8 @@ class SoundcloudSearchIE(SoundcloudBaseIE, SearchInfoExtractor):
 
             for item in response.get('collection') or []:
                 if item:
-                    yield self.url_result(item['uri'], SoundcloudIE.ie_key())
+                    yield self.url_result(
+                        item['uri'], SoundcloudIE.ie_key(), **self._extract_info_dict(item, extract_flat=True))
 
             next_url = response.get('next_href')
             if not next_url:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/southpark.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/southpark.py
index 7381ac3624..e23f192a1c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/southpark.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/southpark.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class SouthParkIE(MTVServicesInfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
-class SouthParkEsIE(SouthParkIE):
+class SouthParkEsIE(SouthParkIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'southpark.cc.com:español'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<url>southpark\.cc\.com/es/episodios/(?P<id>.+?)(\?|#|$))'
     _LANG = 'es'
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class SouthParkEsIE(SouthParkIE):
     }]
 
 
-class SouthParkDeIE(SouthParkIE):
+class SouthParkDeIE(SouthParkIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'southpark.de'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<url>southpark\.de/(?:(en/(videoclip|collections|episodes|video-clips))|(videoclip|collections|folgen))/(?P<id>(?P<unique_id>.+?)/.+?)(?:\?|#|$))'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ class SouthParkDeIE(SouthParkIE):
         return
 
 
-class SouthParkLatIE(SouthParkIE):
+class SouthParkLatIE(SouthParkIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'southpark.lat'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?southpark\.lat/(?:en/)?(?:video-?clips?|collections|episod(?:e|io)s)/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class SouthParkLatIE(SouthParkIE):
         return
 
 
-class SouthParkNlIE(SouthParkIE):
+class SouthParkNlIE(SouthParkIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'southpark.nl'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<url>southpark\.nl/(?:clips|(?:full-)?episodes|collections)/(?P<id>.+?)(\?|#|$))'
     _FEED_URL = 'http://www.southpark.nl/feeds/video-player/mrss/'
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ class SouthParkNlIE(SouthParkIE):
     }]
 
 
-class SouthParkDkIE(SouthParkIE):
+class SouthParkDkIE(SouthParkIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'southparkstudios.dk'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<url>southparkstudios\.(?:dk|nu)/(?:clips|full-episodes|collections)/(?P<id>.+?)(\?|#|$))'
     _FEED_URL = 'http://www.southparkstudios.dk/feeds/video-player/mrss/'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sovietscloset.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sovietscloset.py
index f1243cc492..453016ccb3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sovietscloset.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sovietscloset.py
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ class SovietsClosetIE(SovietsClosetBaseIE):
         thumbnail_url = self._search_regex(r'(https?://.*?thumbnail\.jpg)', iframe, 'thumbnail url')
 
         m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, video_id, headers=self.MEDIADELIVERY_REFERER)
-        self._sort_formats(m3u8_formats)
 
         if not m3u8_formats:
             duration = None
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/spankbang.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/spankbang.py
index 1aa8eaba1d..43da34a325 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/spankbang.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/spankbang.py
@@ -128,8 +128,6 @@ class SpankBangIE(InfoExtractor):
                     format_url = format_url[0]
                 extract_format(format_id, format_url)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         info = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, default={})
 
         title = self._html_search_regex(
@@ -179,7 +177,6 @@ class SpankBangPlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
         playlist_id = mobj.group('id')
-        display_id = mobj.group('display_id')
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
             url, playlist_id, headers={'Cookie': 'country=US; mobile=on'})
@@ -188,11 +185,11 @@ class SpankBangPlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
             urljoin(url, mobj.group('path')),
             ie=SpankBangIE.ie_key(), video_id=mobj.group('id'))
             for mobj in re.finditer(
-                r'<a[^>]+\bhref=(["\'])(?P<path>/?[\da-z]+-(?P<id>[\da-z]+)/playlist/%s(?:(?!\1).)*)\1'
-                % re.escape(display_id), webpage)]
+                r'<a[^>]+\bhref=(["\'])(?P<path>/?[\da-z]+-(?P<id>[\da-z]+)/playlist/[^"\'](?:(?!\1).)*)\1',
+                webpage)]
 
         title = self._html_search_regex(
-            r'<h1>([^<]+)\s+playlist\s*<', webpage, 'playlist title',
+            r'<em>([^<]+)</em>\s+playlist\s*<', webpage, 'playlist title',
             fatal=False)
 
         return self.playlist_result(entries, playlist_id, title)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/spankwire.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/spankwire.py
index d1990e4de7..334b29773c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/spankwire.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/spankwire.py
@@ -101,7 +101,6 @@ class SpankwireIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                 m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
                 m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         view_count = str_to_int(video.get('viewed'))
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sport5.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sport5.py
index f4ac98b6e0..44b4067de3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sport5.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sport5.py
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@ class Sport5IE(InfoExtractor):
             'width': int(fmt.get('width')),
             'height': int(fmt.get('height')),
         } for fmt in metadata.findall('./PlaybackLinks/FileURL')]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sportbox.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sportbox.py
index 622a81b47c..ccbb0e8ccf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sportbox.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sportbox.py
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ class SportBoxIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.append({
                     'url': src,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         player = self._parse_json(
             self._search_regex(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sportdeutschland.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sportdeutschland.py
index 75074b3100..30dbcf370a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sportdeutschland.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sportdeutschland.py
@@ -1,95 +1,142 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
-    clean_html,
-    float_or_none,
-    int_or_none,
-    parse_iso8601,
-    parse_qs,
+    join_nonempty,
     strip_or_none,
-    try_get,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unified_timestamp,
 )
 
 
 class SportDeutschlandIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://sportdeutschland\.tv/(?P<id>(?:[^/]+/)?[^?#/&]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/badminton/re-live-deutsche-meisterschaften-2020-halbfinals?playlistId=0',
+        'url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/blauweissbuchholztanzsport/buchholzer-formationswochenende-2023-samstag-1-bundesliga-landesliga',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '5318cac0275701382770543d7edaf0a0',
+            'id': '9839a5c7-0dbb-48a8-ab63-3b408adc7b54',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Re-live: Deutsche Meisterschaften 2020 - Halbfinals - Teil 1',
-            'duration': 16106.36,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'noplaylist': True,
-            # m3u8 download
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
+            'title': 'Buchholzer Formationswochenende 2023 - Samstag - 1. Bundesliga / Landesliga',
+            'display_id': 'blauweissbuchholztanzsport/buchholzer-formationswochenende-2023-samstag-1-bundesliga-landesliga',
+            'description': 'md5:a288c794a5ee69e200d8f12982f81a87',
+            'live_status': 'was_live',
+            'channel': 'Blau-Weiss Buchholz Tanzsport',
+            'channel_url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/blauweissbuchholztanzsport',
+            'channel_id': '93ec33c9-48be-43b6-b404-e016b64fdfa3',
+            'duration': 32447,
+            'upload_date': '20230114',
+            'timestamp': 1673733618,
+        }
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/badminton/re-live-deutsche-meisterschaften-2020-halbfinals?playlistId=0',
+        'url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/deutscherbadmintonverband/bwf-tour-1-runde-feld-1-yonex-gainward-german-open-2022-0',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'c6e2fdd01f63013854c47054d2ab776f',
-            'title': 'Re-live: Deutsche Meisterschaften 2020 - Halbfinals',
-            'description': 'md5:5263ff4c31c04bb780c9f91130b48530',
-            'duration': 31397,
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 2,
+            'id': '95c80c52-6b9a-4ae9-9197-984145adfced',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'BWF Tour: 1. Runde Feld 1 - YONEX GAINWARD German Open 2022',
+            'display_id': 'deutscherbadmintonverband/bwf-tour-1-runde-feld-1-yonex-gainward-german-open-2022-0',
+            'description': 'md5:2afb5996ceb9ac0b2ac81f563d3a883e',
+            'live_status': 'was_live',
+            'channel': 'Deutscher Badminton Verband',
+            'channel_url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/deutscherbadmintonverband',
+            'channel_id': '93ca5866-2551-49fc-8424-6db35af58920',
+            'duration': 41097,
+            'upload_date': '20220309',
+            'timestamp': 1646860727.0,
+        }
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/freeride-world-tour-2021-fieberbrunn-oesterreich',
-        'only_matching': True,
+        'url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/ggcbremen/formationswochenende-latein-2023',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '9889785e-55b0-4d97-a72a-ce9a9f157cce',
+            'title': 'Formationswochenende Latein 2023 - Samstag',
+            'display_id': 'ggcbremen/formationswochenende-latein-2023',
+            'description': 'md5:6e4060d40ff6a8f8eeb471b51a8f08b2',
+            'live_status': 'was_live',
+            'channel': 'Grün-Gold-Club Bremen e.V.',
+            'channel_id': '9888f04e-bb46-4c7f-be47-df960a4167bb',
+            'channel_url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/ggcbremen',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 3,
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '988e1fea-9d44-4fab-8c72-3085fb667547',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'channel_url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/ggcbremen',
+                'channel_id': '9888f04e-bb46-4c7f-be47-df960a4167bb',
+                'channel': 'Grün-Gold-Club Bremen e.V.',
+                'duration': 86,
+                'title': 'Formationswochenende Latein 2023 - Samstag Part 1',
+                'upload_date': '20230225',
+                'timestamp': 1677349909,
+                'live_status': 'was_live',
+            }
+        }]
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/dtb/gymnastik-international-tag-1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '95d71b8a-370a-4b87-ad16-94680da18528',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': r're:Gymnastik International - Tag 1 .+',
+            'display_id': 'dtb/gymnastik-international-tag-1',
+            'channel_id': '936ecef1-2f4a-4e08-be2f-68073cb7ecab',
+            'channel': 'Deutscher Turner-Bund',
+            'channel_url': 'https://sportdeutschland.tv/dtb',
+            'description': 'md5:07a885dde5838a6f0796ee21dc3b0c52',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+        },
+        'skip': 'live',
     }]
 
+    def _process_video(self, asset_id, video):
+        is_live = video['type'] == 'mux_live'
+        token = self._download_json(
+            f'https://api.sportdeutschland.tv/api/frontend/asset-token/{asset_id}',
+            video['id'], query={'type': video['type'], 'playback_id': video['src']})['token']
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+            f'https://stream.mux.com/{video["src"]}.m3u8?token={token}', video['id'], live=is_live)
+
+        return {
+            'is_live': is_live,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            **traverse_obj(video, {
+                'id': 'id',
+                'duration': ('duration', {lambda x: float(x) > 0 and float(x)}),
+                'timestamp': ('created_at', {unified_timestamp})
+            }),
+        }
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         display_id = self._match_id(url)
-        data = self._download_json(
-            'https://backend.sportdeutschland.tv/api/permalinks/' + display_id,
+        meta = self._download_json(
+            f'https://api.sportdeutschland.tv/api/stateless/frontend/assets/{display_id}',
             display_id, query={'access_token': 'true'})
-        asset = data['asset']
-        title = (asset.get('title') or asset['label']).strip()
-        asset_id = asset.get('id') or asset.get('uuid')
-        info = {
-            'id': asset_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': clean_html(asset.get('body') or asset.get('description')) or asset.get('teaser'),
-            'duration': int_or_none(asset.get('seconds')),
-        }
-        videos = asset.get('videos') or []
-        if len(videos) > 1:
-            playlist_id = parse_qs(url).get('playlistId', [None])[0]
-            if not self._yes_playlist(playlist_id, asset_id):
-                videos = [videos[int(playlist_id)]]
 
-            def entries():
-                for i, video in enumerate(videos, 1):
-                    video_id = video.get('uuid')
-                    video_url = video.get('url')
-                    if not (video_id and video_url):
-                        continue
-                    formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                        video_url.replace('.smil', '.m3u8'), video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
-                    if not formats and not self.get_param('ignore_no_formats'):
-                        continue
-                    yield {
-                        'id': video_id,
-                        'formats': formats,
-                        'title': title + ' - ' + (video.get('label') or 'Teil %d' % i),
-                        'duration': float_or_none(video.get('duration')),
-                    }
-            info.update({
-                '_type': 'multi_video',
-                'entries': entries(),
-            })
-        else:
-            formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                videos[0]['url'].replace('.smil', '.m3u8'), asset_id, 'mp4')
-            section_title = strip_or_none(try_get(data, lambda x: x['section']['title']))
-            info.update({
-                'formats': formats,
-                'display_id': asset.get('permalink'),
-                'thumbnail': try_get(asset, lambda x: x['images'][0]),
-                'categories': [section_title] if section_title else None,
-                'view_count': int_or_none(asset.get('views')),
-                'is_live': asset.get('is_live') is True,
-                'timestamp': parse_iso8601(asset.get('date') or asset.get('published_at')),
-            })
-        return info
+        info = {
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            **traverse_obj(meta, {
+                'id': (('id', 'uuid'), ),
+                'title': (('title', 'name'), {strip_or_none}),
+                'description': 'description',
+                'channel': ('profile', 'name'),
+                'channel_id': ('profile', 'id'),
+                'is_live': 'currently_live',
+                'was_live': 'was_live',
+                'channel_url': ('profile', 'slug', {lambda x: f'https://sportdeutschland.tv/{x}'}),
+            }, get_all=False)
+        }
+
+        parts = traverse_obj(meta, (('livestream', ('videos', ...)), ))
+        entries = [{
+            'title': join_nonempty(info.get('title'), f'Part {i}', delim=' '),
+            **traverse_obj(info, {'channel': 'channel', 'channel_id': 'channel_id',
+                                  'channel_url': 'channel_url', 'was_live': 'was_live'}),
+            **self._process_video(info['id'], video),
+        } for i, video in enumerate(parts, 1)]
+
+        return {
+            '_type': 'multi_video',
+            **info,
+            'entries': entries,
+        } if len(entries) > 1 else {
+            **info,
+            **entries[0],
+            'title': info.get('title'),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/spotify.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/spotify.py
index 4da24db9e9..55ce36aeaa 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/spotify.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/spotify.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 
 class SpotifyBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _WORKING = False
     _ACCESS_TOKEN = None
     _OPERATION_HASHES = {
         'Episode': '8276d4423d709ae9b68ec1b74cc047ba0f7479059a37820be730f125189ac2bf',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/springboardplatform.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/springboardplatform.py
index 539a642094..a98584a27d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/springboardplatform.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/springboardplatform.py
@@ -102,8 +102,6 @@ class SpringboardPlatformIE(InfoExtractor):
         })
         formats.append(m3u8_format)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/srgssr.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/srgssr.py
index 6dd3129851..145f25e9f7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/srgssr.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/srgssr.py
@@ -128,7 +128,6 @@ class SRGSSRIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': podcast_url,
                     'quality': q(quality),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         if media_type == 'video':
             for sub in (media_data.get('subtitleList') or []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/startrek.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/startrek.py
index ee03f78376..e92122f9b7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/startrek.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/startrek.py
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ class StarTrekIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         hls = self._html_search_regex(r'\bdata-hls\s*=\s*"([^"]+)"', player, 'HLS URL')
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(hls, video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         captions = self._html_search_regex(
             r'\bdata-captions-url\s*=\s*"([^"]+)"', player, 'captions URL', fatal=False)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/steam.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/steam.py
index e15c22f2a7..7daee2fe03 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/steam.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/steam.py
@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ class SteamIE(InfoExtractor):
                                 'format_id': ext + quality,
                                 'url': video_url,
                             })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             entry['formats'] = formats
             entries.append(entry)
         embedded_videos = re.findall(r'(<iframe[^>]+>)', webpage)
@@ -163,10 +162,9 @@ class SteamCommunityBroadcastIE(InfoExtractor):
             'https://steamcommunity.com/actions/ajaxresolveusers',
             video_id, query={'steamids': video_id})[0]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': self._html_extract_title(webpage) or self._og_search_title(webpage),
+            'title': self._generic_title('', webpage),
             'formats': formats,
             'live_status': 'is_live',
             'view_count': json_data.get('num_view'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/streamable.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/streamable.py
index 3e60479ad0..462861e0e0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/streamable.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/streamable.py
@@ -89,7 +89,6 @@ class StreamableIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'vcodec': parse_codecs(try_get(info, lambda x: x['input_metadata']['video_codec_name'])).get('vcodec'),
                 'acodec': parse_codecs(try_get(info, lambda x: x['input_metadata']['audio_codec_name'])).get('acodec'),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/streamanity.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/streamanity.py
index f8c37c0dd5..6eaee52d95 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/streamanity.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/streamanity.py
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ class StreamanityIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             f'https://stream.mux.com/{video_info["play_id"]}.m3u8?token={video_info["token"]}',
             video_id, ext='mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/streamcz.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/streamcz.py
index 849a9882da..c4537ba8df 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/streamcz.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/streamcz.py
@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ class StreamCZIE(InfoExtractor):
                 })
 
         formats = list(self._extract_formats(spl_url, video))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/stripchat.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/stripchat.py
index 2e84729bd2..4d2fb06084 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/stripchat.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/stripchat.py
@@ -1,22 +1,20 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..compat import (
-    compat_str,
-)
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
+    UserNotLive,
     lowercase_escape,
-    try_get,
+    traverse_obj
 )
 
 
 class StripchatIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://stripchat\.com/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://stripchat.com/feel_me',
+        'url': 'https://stripchat.com/Joselin_Flower',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'feel_me',
+            'id': 'Joselin_Flower',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 're:^feel_me [0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2} [0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}$',
+            'title': 're:^Joselin_Flower [0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2} [0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}$',
             'description': str,
             'is_live': True,
             'age_limit': 18,
@@ -39,19 +37,24 @@ class StripchatIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not data:
             raise ExtractorError('Unable to find configuration for stream.')
 
-        if try_get(data, lambda x: x['viewCam']['show'], dict):
+        if traverse_obj(data, ('viewCam', 'show'), expected_type=dict):
             raise ExtractorError('Model is in private show', expected=True)
-        elif not try_get(data, lambda x: x['viewCam']['model']['isLive'], bool):
-            raise ExtractorError('Model is offline', expected=True)
+        elif not traverse_obj(data, ('viewCam', 'model', 'isLive'), expected_type=bool):
+            raise UserNotLive(video_id=video_id)
 
-        server = try_get(data, lambda x: x['viewCam']['viewServers']['flashphoner-hls'], compat_str)
-        host = try_get(data, lambda x: x['config']['data']['hlsStreamHost'], compat_str)
-        model_id = try_get(data, lambda x: x['viewCam']['model']['id'], int)
+        server = traverse_obj(data, ('viewCam', 'viewServers', 'flashphoner-hls'), expected_type=str)
+        model_id = traverse_obj(data, ('viewCam', 'model', 'id'), expected_type=int)
 
-        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-            'https://b-%s.%s/hls/%d/%d.m3u8' % (server, host, model_id, model_id),
-            video_id, ext='mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False, live=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        formats = []
+        for host in traverse_obj(data, ('config', 'data', (
+                (('features', 'featuresV2'), 'hlsFallback', 'fallbackDomains', ...), 'hlsStreamHost'))):
+            formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                f'https://b-{server}.{host}/hls/{model_id}/master/{model_id}_auto.m3u8',
+                video_id, ext='mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False, live=True)
+            if formats:
+                break
+        if not formats:
+            self.raise_no_formats('No active streams found', expected=True)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/stv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/stv.py
index c879fb52eb..8b3e63538c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/stv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/stv.py
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ class STVPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
             })
 
         programme = result.get('programme') or {}
+        if programme.get('drmEnabled'):
+            self.report_drm(video_id)
 
         return {
             '_type': 'url_transparent',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/substack.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/substack.py
index 787b9f70d6..fa3826388b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/substack.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/substack.py
@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ class SubstackIE(InfoExtractor):
         else:
             self.raise_no_formats(f'Page type "{post_type}" is not supported')
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': str(webpage_info['post']['id']),
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sunporno.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sunporno.py
index 19498701c6..708873a956 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sunporno.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sunporno.py
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ class SunPornoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': video_ext,
                 'quality': quality(video_ext),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sverigesradio.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sverigesradio.py
index 4a4b5cf7ef..65da615d00 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sverigesradio.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sverigesradio.py
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ class SverigesRadioBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'vcodec': 'none',
                 'url': audio_url,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': audio_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/svt.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/svt.py
index b422b6d934..31bf7f97e6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/svt.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/svt.py
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ class SVTBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             self.raise_geo_restricted(
                 'This video is only available in Sweden',
                 countries=self._GEO_COUNTRIES, metadata_available=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitle_references = dict_get(video_info, ('subtitles', 'subtitleReferences'))
         if isinstance(subtitle_references, list):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/swearnet.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/swearnet.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6e216a2a56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/swearnet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import int_or_none, traverse_obj
+
+
+class SwearnetEpisodeIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.swearnet\.com/shows/(?P<id>[\w-]+)/seasons/(?P<season_num>\d+)/episodes/(?P<episode_num>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.swearnet.com/shows/gettin-learnt-with-ricky/seasons/1/episodes/1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '232819',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'episode': 'Episode 1',
+            'duration': 719,
+            'description': 'md5:c48ef71440ce466284c07085cd7bd761',
+            'season': 'Season 1',
+            'title': 'Episode 1 - Grilled Cheese Sammich',
+            'season_number': 1,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/232819/_RX04IKIq60a2V6rIRqq_Q_small.jpg',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _get_formats_and_subtitle(self, video_source, video_id):
+        video_source = video_source or {}
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+        for key, value in video_source.items():
+            if key == 'hls':
+                for video_hls in value:
+                    fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(video_hls.get('url'), video_id)
+                    formats.extend(fmts)
+                    self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+            else:
+                formats.extend({
+                    'url': video_mp4.get('url'),
+                    'ext': 'mp4'
+                } for video_mp4 in value)
+
+        return formats, subtitles
+
+    def _get_direct_subtitle(self, caption_json):
+        subs = {}
+        for caption in caption_json:
+            subs.setdefault(caption.get('language') or 'und', []).append({
+                'url': caption.get('vttUrl'),
+                'name': caption.get('name')
+            })
+
+        return subs
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id, season_number, episode_number = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'season_num', 'episode_num')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        external_id = self._search_regex(r'externalid\s*=\s*"([^"]+)', webpage, 'externalid')
+        json_data = self._download_json(
+            f'https://play.vidyard.com/player/{external_id}.json', display_id)['payload']['chapters'][0]
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._get_formats_and_subtitle(json_data['sources'], display_id)
+        self._merge_subtitles(self._get_direct_subtitle(json_data.get('captions')), target=subtitles)
+
+        return {
+            'id': str(json_data['videoId']),
+            'title': json_data.get('name') or self._html_search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title'], webpage),
+            'description': (json_data.get('description')
+                            or self._html_search_meta(['og:description', 'twitter:description'], webpage)),
+            'duration': int_or_none(json_data.get('seconds')),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'season_number': int_or_none(season_number),
+            'episode_number': int_or_none(episode_number),
+            'thumbnails': [{'url': thumbnail_url}
+                           for thumbnail_url in traverse_obj(json_data, ('thumbnailUrls', ...))]
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/swrmediathek.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/swrmediathek.py
index deebdd1a4a..38bdfced76 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/swrmediathek.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/swrmediathek.py
@@ -92,7 +92,6 @@ class SWRMediathekIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'vcodec': codec if media_type == 'Video' else 'none',
                     'acodec': codec if media_type == 'Audio' else None,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         upload_date = None
         entry_pdatet = attr.get('entry_pdatet')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tagesschau.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tagesschau.py
index 9b9513f075..ea0532c24e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tagesschau.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tagesschau.py
@@ -139,8 +139,6 @@ class TagesschauIE(InfoExtractor):
         timestamp = video_info.get('timestamp')
         title = title or video_info.get('description')
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': display_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tass.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tass.py
index d20dacfc1f..67e544a6a3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tass.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tass.py
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ class TassIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': label,
                 'quality': quality(label),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/teachertube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/teachertube.py
index 2bf836abd7..c3eec2784f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/teachertube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/teachertube.py
@@ -73,8 +73,6 @@ class TeacherTubeIE(InfoExtractor):
             } for media_url in set(media_urls)
         ]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         thumbnail = self._og_search_thumbnail(
             webpage, default=None) or self._html_search_meta(
             'thumbnail', webpage)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/teamcoco.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/teamcoco.py
index 840702ed9e..d32f81262a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/teamcoco.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/teamcoco.py
@@ -1,57 +1,109 @@
 import json
+import re
 
 from .turner import TurnerBaseIE
 from ..utils import (
-    determine_ext,
     ExtractorError,
-    int_or_none,
+    clean_html,
+    determine_ext,
+    make_archive_id,
+    merge_dicts,
     mimetype2ext,
     parse_duration,
-    parse_iso8601,
-    qualities,
+    parse_qs,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unified_timestamp,
+    urljoin,
+    url_or_none,
 )
 
 
-class TeamcocoIE(TurnerBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?teamcoco\.com/(?P<id>([^/]+/)*[^/?#]+)'
+class TeamcocoBaseIE(TurnerBaseIE):
+    _QUALITIES = {
+        'low': (480, 272),
+        'sd': (640, 360),
+        'hd': (1280, 720),
+        'uhd': (1920, 1080),
+    }
+
+    def _get_formats_and_subtitles(self, info, video_id):
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+
+        for src in traverse_obj(info, ('src', ..., {dict})):
+            format_id = src.get('label')
+            src_url = src.get('src')
+            if re.match(r'https?:/[^/]', src_url):
+                src_url = src_url.replace(':/', '://', 1)
+            ext = determine_ext(src_url, mimetype2ext(src.get('type')))
+
+            if not format_id or not src_url:
+                continue
+            elif format_id == 'hls' or ext == 'm3u8':
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                    src_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id=format_id, fatal=False)
+                formats.extend(fmts)
+                self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+
+            elif format_id in self._QUALITIES:
+                if src_url.startswith('/mp4:protected/'):
+                    # TODO: Correct extraction for these files
+                    continue
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': src_url,
+                    'ext': ext,
+                    'format_id': format_id,
+                    'width': self._QUALITIES[format_id][0],
+                    'height': self._QUALITIES[format_id][1],
+                })
+
+        return formats, subtitles
+
+
+class TeamcocoIE(TeamcocoBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?teamcoco\.com/(?P<id>([^/]+/)*[^/?#]+)'
     _TESTS = [
         {
             'url': 'http://teamcoco.com/video/mary-kay-remote',
-            'md5': '55d532f81992f5c92046ad02fec34d7d',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '80187',
+                'display_id': 'video_mary-kay-remote',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': 'Conan Becomes A Mary Kay Beauty Consultant',
-                'description': 'Mary Kay is perhaps the most trusted name in female beauty, so of course Conan is a natural choice to sell their products.',
-                'duration': 495.0,
+                'description': 'md5:9fb64e45b5aef6b2af1b67612b36c162',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://teamcoco.com/image/thumb?id=80187',
                 'upload_date': '20140402',
-                'timestamp': 1396407600,
-            }
+                'timestamp': 1396440000,
+            },
+            'params': {
+                'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+            },
         }, {
             'url': 'http://teamcoco.com/video/louis-ck-interview-george-w-bush',
-            'md5': 'cde9ba0fa3506f5f017ce11ead928f9a',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '19705',
+                'display_id': 'video_louis-ck-interview-george-w-bush',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'description': 'Louis C.K. got starstruck by George W. Bush, so what? Part one.',
                 'title': 'Louis C.K. Interview Pt. 1 11/3/11',
-                'duration': 288,
+                'description': 'Louis C.K. got starstruck by George W. Bush, so what? Part one.',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://teamcoco.com/image/thumb?id=19705',
                 'upload_date': '20111104',
-                'timestamp': 1320405840,
-            }
+                'timestamp': 1320408000,
+            },
+            'params': {
+                'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+            },
         }, {
             'url': 'http://teamcoco.com/video/timothy-olyphant-drinking-whiskey',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '88748',
+                'display_id': 'video_timothy-olyphant-drinking-whiskey',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': 'Timothy Olyphant Raises A Toast To “Justified”',
                 'description': 'md5:15501f23f020e793aeca761205e42c24',
                 'upload_date': '20150415',
-                'timestamp': 1429088400,
+                'timestamp': 1429099200,
+                'thumbnail': 'https://teamcoco.com/image/thumb?id=88748',
             },
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,  # m3u8 downloads
-            }
         }, {
             'url': 'http://teamcoco.com/video/full-episode-mon-6-1-joel-mchale-jake-tapper-and-musical-guest-courtney-barnett?playlist=x;eyJ0eXBlIjoidGFnIiwiaWQiOjl9',
             'info_dict': {
@@ -60,9 +112,6 @@ class TeamcocoIE(TurnerBaseIE):
                 'title': 'Full Episode - Mon. 6/1 - Joel McHale, Jake Tapper, And Musical Guest Courtney Barnett',
                 'description': 'Guests: Joel McHale, Jake Tapper, And Musical Guest Courtney Barnett',
             },
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,  # m3u8 downloads
-            },
             'skip': 'This video is no longer available.',
         }, {
             'url': 'http://teamcoco.com/video/the-conan-audiencey-awards-for-04/25/18',
@@ -76,127 +125,156 @@ class TeamcocoIE(TurnerBaseIE):
         }, {
             'url': 'http://teamcoco.com/israel/conan-hits-the-streets-beaches-of-tel-aviv',
             'only_matching': True,
-        }, {
-            'url': 'https://conan25.teamcoco.com/video/ice-cube-kevin-hart-conan-share-lyft',
-            'only_matching': True,
-        }
+        },
     ]
-    _RECORD_TEMPL = '''id
-        title
-        teaser
-        publishOn
-        thumb {
-          preview
-        }
-        tags {
-          name
-        }
-        duration
-        turnerMediaId
-        turnerMediaAuthToken'''
 
-    def _graphql_call(self, query_template, object_type, object_id):
-        find_object = 'find' + object_type
-        return self._download_json(
-            'https://teamcoco.com/graphql', object_id, data=json.dumps({
-                'query': query_template % (find_object, object_id)
-            }).encode(), headers={
-                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
-            })['data'][find_object]
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url).replace('/', '_')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        data = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, display_id)['props']['pageProps']['pageData']
+        info = merge_dicts(*traverse_obj(data, (
+            'blocks', lambda _, v: v['name'] in ('meta-tags', 'video-player', 'video-info'), 'props', {dict})))
+
+        thumbnail = traverse_obj(
+            info, (('image', 'poster'), {lambda x: urljoin('https://teamcoco.com/', x)}), get_all=False)
+        video_id = traverse_obj(parse_qs(thumbnail), ('id', 0)) or display_id
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._get_formats_and_subtitles(info, video_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'thumbnail': thumbnail,
+            **traverse_obj(info, {
+                'title': 'title',
+                'description': (('descriptionHtml', 'description'), {clean_html}),
+                'timestamp': ('publishedOn', {lambda x: f'{x} 12:00AM'}, {unified_timestamp}),
+            }, get_all=False),
+        }
+
+
+class ConanClassicIE(TeamcocoBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www\.)?conanclassic|conan25\.teamcoco)\.com/(?P<id>([^/]+/)*[^/?#]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://conanclassic.com/video/ice-cube-kevin-hart-conan-share-lyft',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '74709',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Ice Cube, Kevin Hart, & Conan Share A Lyft Car',
+            'display_id': 'video/ice-cube-kevin-hart-conan-share-lyft',
+            'description': 'The stars of "Ride Along" teach Conan how to roll around Hollywood.',
+            'thumbnail': 'http://cdn.teamcococdn.com/image/640x360/lyft-5bd75f82b616c.png',
+            'duration': 570.0,
+            'upload_date': '20131211',
+            'timestamp': 1386721620,
+            '_old_archive_ids': ['teamcoco 74709'],
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://conan25.teamcoco.com/video/ice-cube-kevin-hart-conan-share-lyft',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    _GRAPHQL_QUERY = '''query find($id: ID!) {
+  findRecord(id: $id) {
+
+... on MetaInterface {
+  id
+  title
+  teaser
+  publishOn
+  slug
+  thumb {
+
+... on FileInterface {
+  id
+  path
+  preview
+  mime
+}
+
+  }
+}
+
+... on Video {
+  videoType
+  duration
+  isLive
+  youtubeId
+  turnerMediaId
+  turnerMediaAuthToken
+  airDate
+}
+
+... on Episode {
+  airDate
+  seasonNumber
+  episodeNumber
+  guestNames
+}
+
+  }
+  findRecordVideoMetadata(id: $id) {
+    turnerMediaId
+    turnerMediaAuthToken
+    duration
+    src
+  }
+}'''
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        data = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, display_id)['props']['pageProps']['pageData']
+        video_id = traverse_obj(
+            data, ('blocks', ..., 'props', 'fieldDefs', lambda _, v: v['name'] == 'incomingVideoId', 'value'),
+            ('blocks', ..., 'props', 'fields', 'incomingVideoRecord', 'id'), get_all=False)
+        if not video_id:
+            self.raise_no_formats('Unable to extract video ID from webpage', expected=True)
 
-        response = self._graphql_call('''{
-  %%s(slug: "%%s") {
-    ... on RecordSlug {
-      record {
-        %s
-      }
-    }
-    ... on PageSlug {
-      child {
-        id
-      }
-    }
-    ... on NotFoundSlug {
-      status
-    }
-  }
-}''' % self._RECORD_TEMPL, 'Slug', display_id)
-        if response.get('status'):
-            raise ExtractorError('This video is no longer available.', expected=True)
+        response = self._download_json(
+            'https://conanclassic.com/api/legacy/graphql', video_id, data=json.dumps({
+                'query': self._GRAPHQL_QUERY,
+                'variables': {'id': video_id},
+            }, separators=(',', ':')).encode(), headers={
+                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+            })
 
-        child = response.get('child')
-        if child:
-            record = self._graphql_call('''{
-  %%s(id: "%%s") {
-    ... on Video {
-      %s
-    }
-  }
-}''' % self._RECORD_TEMPL, 'Record', child['id'])
-        else:
-            record = response['record']
-        video_id = record['id']
+        info = traverse_obj(response, ('data', 'findRecord', {
+            'title': 'title',
+            'description': 'teaser',
+            'thumbnail': ('thumb', 'preview', {url_or_none}),
+            'duration': ('duration', {parse_duration}),
+            'timestamp': ('publishOn', {unified_timestamp}),
+        }))
 
-        info = {
-            'id': video_id,
-            'display_id': display_id,
-            'title': record['title'],
-            'thumbnail': record.get('thumb', {}).get('preview'),
-            'description': record.get('teaser'),
-            'duration': parse_duration(record.get('duration')),
-            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(record.get('publishOn')),
-        }
-
-        media_id = record.get('turnerMediaId')
+        media_id = traverse_obj(
+            response, ('data', ('findRecord', 'findRecordVideoMetadata'), 'turnerMediaId'), get_all=False)
         if media_id:
+            token = traverse_obj(
+                response, ('data', ('findRecord', 'findRecordVideoMetadata'), 'turnerMediaAuthToken'), get_all=False)
+            if not token:
+                raise ExtractorError('No Turner Media auth token found in API response')
             self._initialize_geo_bypass({
                 'countries': ['US'],
             })
             info.update(self._extract_ngtv_info(media_id, {
-                'accessToken': record['turnerMediaAuthToken'],
+                'accessToken': token,
                 'accessTokenType': 'jws',
             }))
         else:
-            video_sources = self._download_json(
-                'https://teamcoco.com/_truman/d/' + video_id,
-                video_id)['meta']['src']
-            if isinstance(video_sources, dict):
-                video_sources = video_sources.values()
+            formats, subtitles = self._get_formats_and_subtitles(
+                traverse_obj(response, ('data', 'findRecordVideoMetadata')), video_id)
+            info.update({
+                'formats': formats,
+                'subtitles': subtitles,
+            })
 
-            formats = []
-            get_quality = qualities(['low', 'sd', 'hd', 'uhd'])
-            for src in video_sources:
-                if not isinstance(src, dict):
-                    continue
-                src_url = src.get('src')
-                if not src_url:
-                    continue
-                format_id = src.get('label')
-                ext = determine_ext(src_url, mimetype2ext(src.get('type')))
-                if format_id == 'hls' or ext == 'm3u8':
-                    # compat_urllib_parse.urljoin does not work here
-                    if src_url.startswith('/'):
-                        src_url = 'http://ht.cdn.turner.com/tbs/big/teamcoco' + src_url
-                    formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                        src_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id=format_id, fatal=False))
-                else:
-                    if src_url.startswith('/mp4:protected/'):
-                        # TODO Correct extraction for these files
-                        continue
-                    tbr = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
-                        r'(\d+)k\.mp4', src_url, 'tbr', default=None))
-
-                    formats.append({
-                        'url': src_url,
-                        'ext': ext,
-                        'tbr': tbr,
-                        'format_id': format_id,
-                        'quality': get_quality(format_id),
-                    })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
-            info['formats'] = formats
-
-        return info
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            '_old_archive_ids': [make_archive_id('Teamcoco', video_id)],
+            **info,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ted.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ted.py
index 0e09ec7575..c28a154987 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ted.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ted.py
@@ -125,8 +125,6 @@ class TedTalkIE(TedBaseIE):
             ext_url = external.get('code') if service.lower() == 'youtube' else None
             return self.url_result(ext_url or external['uri'])
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         thumbnail = playerData.get('thumb') or self._og_search_property('image', webpage)
         if thumbnail:
             # trim thumbnail resize parameters
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tele13.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tele13.py
index 8e35bc85fe..212af37850 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tele13.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tele13.py
@@ -71,7 +71,6 @@ class Tele13IE(InfoExtractor):
                         'ext': ext,
                     })
                 urls.append(format_url)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': display_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tele5.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tele5.py
index 58d343b449..9260db2b44 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tele5.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tele5.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class Tele5IE(DPlayIE):
+class Tele5IE(DPlayIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tele5\.de/(?:[^/]+/)*(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
     _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['DE']
     _TESTS = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/telebruxelles.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/telebruxelles.py
index 8d87b6ec1f..2c50a67e95 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/telebruxelles.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/telebruxelles.py
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ class TeleBruxellesIE(InfoExtractor):
         rtmp_url = re.sub(r'^rmtp', 'rtmp', rtmp_url)
         rtmp_url = re.sub(r'"\s*\+\s*"', '', rtmp_url)
         formats = self._extract_wowza_formats(rtmp_url, article_id or display_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         is_live = 'stream/live' in rtmp_url
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/telecaribe.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/telecaribe.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b6d88a8090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/telecaribe.py
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import re
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import traverse_obj
+
+
+class TelecaribePlayIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?play\.telecaribe\.co/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.play.telecaribe.co/breicok',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'breicok',
+            'title': 'Breicok',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 7,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.play.telecaribe.co/si-fue-gol-de-yepes',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'si-fue-gol-de-yepes',
+            'title': 'Sí Fue Gol de Yepes',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 6,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.play.telecaribe.co/ciudad-futura',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'ciudad-futura',
+            'title': 'Ciudad Futura',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 10,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.play.telecaribe.co/live',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'live',
+            'title': r're:^Señal en vivo',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'Livestream',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _download_player_webpage(self, webpage, display_id):
+        page_id = self._search_regex(
+            (r'window.firstPageId\s*=\s*["\']([^"\']+)', r'<div[^>]+id\s*=\s*"pageBackground_([^"]+)'),
+            webpage, 'page_id')
+
+        props = self._download_json(self._search_regex(
+            rf'<link[^>]+href\s*=\s*"([^"]+)"[^>]+id\s*=\s*"features_{page_id}"',
+            webpage, 'json_props_url'), display_id)['props']['render']['compProps']
+
+        return self._download_webpage(traverse_obj(props, (..., 'url'))[-1], display_id)
+
+    def _get_clean_title(self, title):
+        return re.sub(r'\s*\|\s*Telecaribe\s*VOD', '', title or '').strip() or None
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        player = self._download_player_webpage(webpage, display_id)
+
+        if display_id != 'live':
+            return self.playlist_from_matches(
+                re.findall(r'<a[^>]+href\s*=\s*"([^"]+\.mp4)', player), display_id,
+                self._get_clean_title(self._og_search_title(webpage)))
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+            self._search_regex(r'(?:let|const|var)\s+source\s*=\s*["\']([^"\']+)', player, 'm3u8 url'),
+            display_id, 'mp4')
+
+        return {
+            'id': display_id,
+            'title': self._get_clean_title(self._og_search_title(webpage)),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'is_live': True,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/telecinco.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/telecinco.py
index a9c0755f48..20bb824208 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/telecinco.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/telecinco.py
@@ -102,7 +102,6 @@ class TelecincoIE(InfoExtractor):
             }).encode(), headers=headers)['tokens']['1']['cdn']
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             stream + '?' + cdn, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/telegraaf.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/telegraaf.py
index bc9a8d6084..13e9515f8d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/telegraaf.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/telegraaf.py
@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ class TelegraafIE(InfoExtractor):
         article_id = self._match_id(url)
 
         video_id = self._download_json(
-            'https://www.telegraaf.nl/graphql', article_id, query={
+            'https://app.telegraaf.nl/graphql', article_id,
+            headers={'User-Agent': 'De Telegraaf/6.8.11 (Android 11; en_US)'},
+            query={
                 'query': '''{
   article(uid: %s) {
     videos {
@@ -73,8 +75,6 @@ class TelegraafIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': 'http' + ('-%s' % label if label else ''),
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/telegram.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/telegram.py
index bb9ca8c455..5ec54857d6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/telegram.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/telegram.py
@@ -1,41 +1,136 @@
+import re
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import clean_html, get_element_by_class
+from ..utils import (
+    clean_html,
+    format_field,
+    get_element_by_class,
+    parse_duration,
+    parse_qs,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unified_timestamp,
+    update_url_query,
+    url_basename,
+)
 
 
 class TelegramEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'telegram:embed'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://t\.me/(?P<channel_name>[^/]+)/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://t\.me/(?P<channel_id>[^/]+)/(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://t.me/europa_press/613',
+        'md5': 'dd707708aea958c11a590e8068825f22',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '613',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Europa Press',
-            'description': '6ce2d7e8d56eda16d80607b23db7b252',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?:\/\/cdn.*?telesco\.pe\/file\/\w+',
+            'title': 'md5:6ce2d7e8d56eda16d80607b23db7b252',
+            'description': 'md5:6ce2d7e8d56eda16d80607b23db7b252',
+            'channel_id': 'europa_press',
+            'channel': 'Europa Press ✔',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+',
+            'timestamp': 1635631203,
+            'upload_date': '20211030',
+            'duration': 61,
+        },
+    }, {
+        # 2-video post
+        'url': 'https://t.me/vorposte/29342',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'vorposte-29342',
+            'title': 'Форпост 29342',
+            'description': 'md5:9d92e22169a3e136d5d69df25f82c3dc',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 2,
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }, {
+        # 2-video post with --no-playlist
+        'url': 'https://t.me/vorposte/29343',
+        'md5': '1724e96053c18e788c8464038876e245',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '29343',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'md5:9d92e22169a3e136d5d69df25f82c3dc',
+            'description': 'md5:9d92e22169a3e136d5d69df25f82c3dc',
+            'channel_id': 'vorposte',
+            'channel': 'Форпост',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+',
+            'timestamp': 1666384480,
+            'upload_date': '20221021',
+            'duration': 35,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'noplaylist': True,
+        }
+    }, {
+        # 2-video post with 'single' query param
+        'url': 'https://t.me/vorposte/29342?single',
+        'md5': 'd20b202f1e41400a9f43201428add18f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '29342',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'md5:9d92e22169a3e136d5d69df25f82c3dc',
+            'description': 'md5:9d92e22169a3e136d5d69df25f82c3dc',
+            'channel_id': 'vorposte',
+            'channel': 'Форпост',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+',
+            'timestamp': 1666384480,
+            'upload_date': '20221021',
+            'duration': 33,
         },
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, query={'embed': 0})
-        webpage_embed = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, query={'embed': 1}, note='Downloading ermbed page')
+        channel_id, msg_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('channel_id', 'id')
+        embed = self._download_webpage(
+            url, msg_id, query={'embed': '1', 'single': []}, note='Downloading embed frame')
 
-        formats = [{
-            'url': self._proto_relative_url(self._search_regex(
-                '<video[^>]+src="([^"]+)"', webpage_embed, 'source')),
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-        }]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        def clean_text(html_class, html):
+            text = clean_html(get_element_by_class(html_class, html))
+            return text.replace('\n', ' ') if text else None
 
-        return {
-            'id': video_id,
-            'title': self._html_search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title'], webpage, default=None),
-            'description': self._html_search_meta(
-                ['og:description', 'twitter:description'], webpage,
-                default=clean_html(get_element_by_class('tgme_widget_message_text', webpage_embed))),
-            'thumbnail': self._search_regex(
-                r'tgme_widget_message_video_thumb"[^>]+background-image:url\(\'([^\']+)\'\)',
-                webpage_embed, 'thumbnail'),
-            'formats': formats,
+        description = clean_text('tgme_widget_message_text', embed)
+        message = {
+            'title': description or '',
+            'description': description,
+            'channel': clean_text('tgme_widget_message_author', embed),
+            'channel_id': channel_id,
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(self._search_regex(
+                r'<time[^>]*datetime="([^"]*)"', embed, 'timestamp', fatal=False)),
         }
+
+        videos = []
+        for video in re.findall(r'<a class="tgme_widget_message_video_player(?s:.+?)</time>', embed):
+            video_url = self._search_regex(
+                r'<video[^>]+src="([^"]+)"', video, 'video URL', fatal=False)
+            webpage_url = self._search_regex(
+                r'<a class="tgme_widget_message_video_player[^>]+href="([^"]+)"',
+                video, 'webpage URL', fatal=False)
+            if not video_url or not webpage_url:
+                continue
+            formats = [{
+                'url': video_url,
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+            }]
+            videos.append({
+                'id': url_basename(webpage_url),
+                'webpage_url': update_url_query(webpage_url, {'single': True}),
+                'duration': parse_duration(self._search_regex(
+                    r'<time[^>]+duration[^>]*>([\d:]+)</time>', video, 'duration', fatal=False)),
+                'thumbnail': self._search_regex(
+                    r'tgme_widget_message_video_thumb"[^>]+background-image:url\(\'([^\']+)\'\)',
+                    video, 'thumbnail', fatal=False),
+                'formats': formats,
+                **message,
+            })
+
+        playlist_id = None
+        if len(videos) > 1 and 'single' not in parse_qs(url, keep_blank_values=True):
+            playlist_id = f'{channel_id}-{msg_id}'
+
+        if self._yes_playlist(playlist_id, msg_id):
+            return self.playlist_result(
+                videos, playlist_id, format_field(message, 'channel', f'%s {msg_id}'), description)
+        else:
+            return traverse_obj(videos, lambda _, x: x['id'] == msg_id, get_all=False)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/telemb.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/telemb.py
index 7e444c0d09..3d29dace30 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/telemb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/telemb.py
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ class TeleMBIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'preference': -10,
                 })
             formats.append(fmt)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = remove_start(self._og_search_title(webpage), 'TéléMB : ')
         description = self._html_search_regex(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/telemundo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/telemundo.py
index 64954b8f1b..88f29cb83c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/telemundo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/telemundo.py
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ class TelemundoIE(InfoExtractor):
             redirect_url + '?format=redirect&manifest=m3u&format=redirect&Tracking=true&Embedded=true&formats=MPEG4'),
             video_id, 'Processing m3u8').geturl()
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         date = unified_timestamp(try_get(
             metadata, lambda x: x['props']['initialState']['video']['associatedPlaylists'][0]['videos'][0]['datePublished'].split(' ', 1)[1]))
         return {
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tempo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tempo.py
index 1cfb956e50..9318d6f9ad 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tempo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tempo.py
@@ -1,5 +1,81 @@
+import re
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import int_or_none, parse_iso8601, str_or_none, traverse_obj
+from ..utils import (
+    int_or_none,
+    parse_iso8601,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_call
+)
+
+
+class IVXPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'ivxplayer:(?P<video_id>\d+):(?P<player_key>\w+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'ivxplayer:2366065:4a89dfe6bc8f002596b1dfbd600730b1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2366065',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'duration': 112,
+            'upload_date': '20221204',
+            'title': 'Film Indonesia di Disney Content Showcase Asia Pacific 2022',
+            'timestamp': 1670151746,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://ivx-image.ivideosmart.com/serve/image/video/2366065?width=300'
+        }
+    }]
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.cantika.com/video/31737/film-indonesia-di-disney-content-showcase-asia-pacific-2022',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2374200',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'duration': 110,
+            'title': 'Serial Indonesia di Disney Content Showcase Asia Pacific 2022',
+            'timestamp': 1670639416,
+            'upload_date': '20221210',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://ivx-image.ivideosmart.com/serve/image/video/2374200?width=300'
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.gooto.com/video/11437/wuling-suv-ramai-dikunjungi-di-giias-2018',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '892109',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Wuling SUV Ramai Dikunjungi di GIIAS 2018',
+            'upload_date': '20180811',
+            'description': 'md5:6d901483d0aacc664aecb4489719aafa',
+            'duration': 75,
+            'timestamp': 1534011263,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://ivx-image.ivideosmart.com/serve/image/video/892109?width=300'
+        }
+    }]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
+        # more info at https://player.ivideosmart.com/ivsplayer/v4/dist/js/loader.js
+        mobj = re.search(
+            r'<ivs-player\s*[^>]+data-ivs-key\s*=\s*"(?P<player_key>[\w]+)\s*[^>]+\bdata-ivs-vid="(?P<video_id>[\w-]+)',
+            webpage)
+        if mobj:
+            yield f'ivxplayer:{mobj.group("video_id")}:{mobj.group("player_key")}'
+            raise cls.StopExtraction()
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id, player_key = self._match_valid_url(url).group('video_id', 'player_key')
+        json_data = self._download_json(
+            f'https://ivxplayer.ivideosmart.com/prod/video/{video_id}?key={player_key}', video_id)
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+            json_data['player']['video_url'], video_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': str(json_data['ivx']['id']),
+            'title': traverse_obj(json_data, ('ivx', 'name')),
+            'description': traverse_obj(json_data, ('ivx', 'description')),
+            'duration': int_or_none(traverse_obj(json_data, ('ivx', 'duration'))),
+            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(traverse_obj(json_data, ('ivx', 'published_at'))),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(json_data, ('ivx', 'thumbnail_url'))
+        }
 
 
 class TempoIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -7,14 +83,14 @@ class TempoIE(InfoExtractor):
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://video.tempo.co/read/30058/anies-baswedan-ajukan-banding-putusan-ptun-batalkan-ump-dki',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '2144438',
+            'id': '2144275',
+            'display_id': 'anies-baswedan-ajukan-banding-putusan-ptun-batalkan-ump-dki',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Anies Baswedan Ajukan Banding Putusan PTUN Batalkan UMP DKI',
-            'display_id': 'anies-baswedan-ajukan-banding-putusan-ptun-batalkan-ump-dki',
-            'duration': 84,
+            'duration': 85,
             'description': 'md5:a6822b7c4c874fa7e5bd63e96a387b66',
             'thumbnail': 'https://statik.tempo.co/data/2022/07/27/id_1128287/1128287_720.jpg',
-            'timestamp': 1658911277,
+            'timestamp': 1658907970,
             'upload_date': '20220727',
             'tags': ['Anies Baswedan', ' PTUN', ' PTUN | Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara', ' PTUN Batalkan UMP DKI', ' UMP DKI'],
         }
@@ -24,30 +100,15 @@ class TempoIE(InfoExtractor):
         display_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
 
-        player_key, widget_id = self._search_regex(
-            r'<ivs-player\s*[^>]+data-ivs-key\s*=\s*"(?P<player_key>[\w]+)[^>]+\bdata-ivs-wid="(?P<widget_id>[\w-]+)',
-            webpage, 'player_key, widget_id', group=('player_key', 'widget_id'))
+        _, video_id, player_key = next(IVXPlayerIE._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage)).split(':')
 
         json_ld_data = self._search_json_ld(webpage, display_id)
 
-        json_data = self._download_json(
-            f'https://ivxplayer.ivideosmart.com/prod/widget/{widget_id}',
-            display_id, query={'key': player_key})
-        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
-            json_data['player']['video_url'], display_id, ext='mp4')
-
-        return {
-            'id': str(json_data['ivx']['id']),
-            'display_id': display_id,
-            'formats': formats,
-            'subtitles': subtitles,
-            'title': (self._html_search_meta('twitter:title', webpage) or self._og_search_title(webpage)
-                      or traverse_obj(json_data, ('ivx', 'name'))),
-            'duration': int_or_none(traverse_obj(json_data, ('ivx', 'duration'))),
-            'thumbnail': (self._html_search_meta('twitter:image:src', webpage) or self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage)
-                          or traverse_obj(json_data, ('ivx', 'thumbnail_url'))),
-            'description': (json_ld_data.get('description') or self._html_search_meta(['description', 'twitter:description'], webpage)
-                            or self._og_search_description(webpage)),
-            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(traverse_obj(json_data, ('ivx', 'created_at'))),
-            'tags': str_or_none(self._html_search_meta('keywords', webpage), '').split(','),
-        }
+        return self.url_result(
+            f'ivxplayer:{video_id}:{player_key}', display_id=display_id,
+            thumbnail=self._html_search_meta('twitter:image:src', webpage) or self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage),
+            tags=try_call(lambda: self._html_search_meta('keywords', webpage).split(',')),
+            description=(json_ld_data.get('description')
+                         or self._html_search_meta(('description', 'twitter:description'), webpage)
+                         or self._og_search_description(webpage)),
+            url_transparent=True)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tencent.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tencent.py
index c755407d3c..42a2175b0f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tencent.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tencent.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..aes import aes_cbc_encrypt_bytes
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
+    float_or_none,
     determine_ext,
     int_or_none,
     js_to_json,
@@ -19,6 +20,16 @@ from ..utils import (
 class TencentBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     """Subclasses must set _API_URL, _APP_VERSION, _PLATFORM, _HOST, _REFERER"""
 
+    def _check_api_response(self, api_response):
+        msg = api_response.get('msg')
+        if api_response.get('code') != '0.0' and msg is not None:
+            if msg in (
+                '您所在区域暂无此内容版权（如设置VPN请关闭后重试）',
+                'This content is not available in your area due to copyright restrictions. Please choose other videos.'
+            ):
+                self.raise_geo_restricted()
+            raise ExtractorError(f'Tencent said: {msg}')
+
     def _get_ckey(self, video_id, url, guid):
         ua = self.get_param('http_headers')['User-Agent']
 
@@ -32,7 +43,7 @@ class TencentBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             padding_mode='whitespace').hex().upper()
 
     def _get_video_api_response(self, video_url, video_id, series_id, subtitle_format, video_format, video_quality):
-        guid = ''.join([random.choice(string.digits + string.ascii_lowercase) for _ in range(16)])
+        guid = ''.join(random.choices(string.digits + string.ascii_lowercase, k=16))
         ckey = self._get_ckey(video_id, video_url, guid)
         query = {
             'vid': video_id,
@@ -47,6 +58,11 @@ class TencentBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'sphttps': '1',  # Enable HTTPS
             'otype': 'json',
             'spwm': '1',
+            'hevclv': '28',  # Enable HEVC
+            'drm': '40',  # Enable DRM
+            # For HDR
+            'spvideo': '4',
+            'spsfrhdr': '100',
             # For SHD
             'host': self._HOST,
             'referer': self._REFERER,
@@ -55,7 +71,7 @@ class TencentBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'platform': self._PLATFORM,
             # For VQQ
             'guid': guid,
-            'flowid': ''.join(random.choice(string.digits + string.ascii_lowercase) for _ in range(32)),
+            'flowid': ''.join(random.choices(string.digits + string.ascii_lowercase, k=32)),
         }
 
         return self._search_json(r'QZOutputJson=', self._download_webpage(
@@ -63,64 +79,77 @@ class TencentBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _extract_video_formats_and_subtitles(self, api_response, video_id):
         video_response = api_response['vl']['vi'][0]
-        video_width, video_height = video_response.get('vw'), video_response.get('vh')
 
         formats, subtitles = [], {}
         for video_format in video_response['ul']['ui']:
-            if video_format.get('hls'):
+            if video_format.get('hls') or determine_ext(video_format['url']) == 'm3u8':
                 fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
-                    video_format['url'] + video_format['hls']['pt'], video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
-                for f in fmts:
-                    f.update({'width': video_width, 'height': video_height})
+                    video_format['url'] + traverse_obj(video_format, ('hls', 'pt'), default=''),
+                    video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
 
                 formats.extend(fmts)
                 self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
             else:
                 formats.append({
                     'url': f'{video_format["url"]}{video_response["fn"]}?vkey={video_response["fvkey"]}',
-                    'width': video_width,
-                    'height': video_height,
                     'ext': 'mp4',
                 })
 
+        identifier = video_response.get('br')
+        format_response = traverse_obj(
+            api_response, ('fl', 'fi', lambda _, v: v['br'] == identifier),
+            expected_type=dict, get_all=False) or {}
+        common_info = {
+            'width': video_response.get('vw'),
+            'height': video_response.get('vh'),
+            'abr': float_or_none(format_response.get('audiobandwidth'), scale=1000),
+            'vbr': float_or_none(format_response.get('bandwidth'), scale=1000),
+            'fps': format_response.get('vfps'),
+            'format': format_response.get('sname'),
+            'format_id': format_response.get('name'),
+            'format_note': format_response.get('resolution'),
+            'dynamic_range': {'hdr10': 'hdr10'}.get(format_response.get('name'), 'sdr'),
+            'has_drm': format_response.get('drm', 0) != 0,
+        }
+        for f in formats:
+            f.update(common_info)
+
         return formats, subtitles
 
-    def _extract_video_native_subtitles(self, api_response, subtitles_format):
+    def _extract_video_native_subtitles(self, api_response):
         subtitles = {}
         for subtitle in traverse_obj(api_response, ('sfl', 'fi')) or ():
             subtitles.setdefault(subtitle['lang'].lower(), []).append({
                 'url': subtitle['url'],
-                'ext': subtitles_format,
+                'ext': 'srt' if subtitle.get('captionType') == 1 else 'vtt',
                 'protocol': 'm3u8_native' if determine_ext(subtitle['url']) == 'm3u8' else 'http',
             })
 
         return subtitles
 
     def _extract_all_video_formats_and_subtitles(self, url, video_id, series_id):
+        api_responses = [self._get_video_api_response(url, video_id, series_id, 'srt', 'hls', 'hd')]
+        self._check_api_response(api_responses[0])
+        qualities = traverse_obj(api_responses, (0, 'fl', 'fi', ..., 'name')) or ('shd', 'fhd')
+        for q in qualities:
+            if q not in ('ld', 'sd', 'hd'):
+                api_responses.append(self._get_video_api_response(
+                    url, video_id, series_id, 'vtt', 'hls', q))
+                self._check_api_response(api_responses[-1])
+
         formats, subtitles = [], {}
-        for video_format, subtitle_format, video_quality in (
-                # '': 480p, 'shd': 720p, 'fhd': 1080p
-                ('mp4', 'srt', ''), ('hls', 'vtt', 'shd'), ('hls', 'vtt', 'fhd')):
-            api_response = self._get_video_api_response(
-                url, video_id, series_id, subtitle_format, video_format, video_quality)
-
-            if api_response.get('em') != 0 and api_response.get('exem') != 0:
-                if '您所在区域暂无此内容版权' in api_response.get('msg'):
-                    self.raise_geo_restricted()
-                raise ExtractorError(f'Tencent said: {api_response.get("msg")}')
-
+        for api_response in api_responses:
             fmts, subs = self._extract_video_formats_and_subtitles(api_response, video_id)
-            native_subtitles = self._extract_video_native_subtitles(api_response, subtitle_format)
+            native_subtitles = self._extract_video_native_subtitles(api_response)
 
             formats.extend(fmts)
             self._merge_subtitles(subs, native_subtitles, target=subtitles)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats, subtitles
 
     def _get_clean_title(self, title):
         return re.sub(
-            r'\s*[_\-]\s*(?:Watch online|腾讯视频|(?:高清)?1080P在线观看平台).*?$',
+            r'\s*[_\-]\s*(?:Watch online|Watch HD Video Online|WeTV|腾讯视频|(?:高清)?1080P在线观看平台).*?$',
             '', title or '').strip() or None
 
 
@@ -147,27 +176,29 @@ class VQQVideoIE(VQQBaseIE):
 
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://v.qq.com/x/page/q326831cny0.html',
-        'md5': '826ef93682df09e3deac4a6e6e8cdb6e',
+        'md5': '84568b3722e15e9cd023b5594558c4a7',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'q326831cny0',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': '我是选手：雷霆裂阵，终极时刻',
             'description': 'md5:e7ed70be89244017dac2a835a10aeb1e',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+q326831cny0',
+            'format_id': r're:^shd',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://v.qq.com/x/page/o3013za7cse.html',
-        'md5': 'b91cbbeada22ef8cc4b06df53e36fa21',
+        'md5': 'cc431c4f9114a55643893c2c8ebf5592',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'o3013za7cse',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': '欧阳娜娜VLOG',
             'description': 'md5:29fe847497a98e04a8c3826e499edd2e',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+o3013za7cse',
+            'format_id': r're:^shd',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://v.qq.com/x/cover/7ce5noezvafma27/a00269ix3l8.html',
-        'md5': '71459c5375c617c265a22f083facce67',
+        'md5': '87968df6238a65d2478f19c25adf850b',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'a00269ix3l8',
             'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -175,10 +206,11 @@ class VQQVideoIE(VQQBaseIE):
             'description': 'md5:8cae3534327315b3872fbef5e51b5c5b',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+7ce5noezvafma27',
             'series': '鸡毛飞上天',
+            'format_id': r're:^shd',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://v.qq.com/x/cover/mzc00200p29k31e/s0043cwsgj0.html',
-        'md5': '96b9fd4a189fdd4078c111f21d7ac1bc',
+        'md5': 'fadd10bf88aec3420f06f19ee1d24c5b',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 's0043cwsgj0',
             'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -186,7 +218,12 @@ class VQQVideoIE(VQQBaseIE):
             'description': 'md5:1d8c3a0b8729ae3827fa5b2d3ebd5213',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+s0043cwsgj0',
             'series': '青年理工工作者生活研究所',
+            'format_id': r're:^shd',
         },
+    }, {
+        # Geo-restricted to China
+        'url': 'https://v.qq.com/x/cover/mcv8hkc8zk8lnov/x0036x5qqsr.html',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -262,56 +299,7 @@ class WeTvBaseIE(TencentBaseIE):
             traverse_obj(self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, video_id), ('props', 'pageProps', 'data')),
             video_id, fatal=False)
 
-
-class WeTvEpisodeIE(WeTvBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'wetv:episode'
-    _VALID_URL = WeTvBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE + r'/(?P<series_id>\w+)(?:-[^?#]+)?/(?P<id>\w+)(?:-[^?#]+)?'
-
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://wetv.vip/en/play/air11ooo2rdsdi3-Cute-Programmer/v0040pr89t9-EP1-Cute-Programmer',
-        'md5': '0c70fdfaa5011ab022eebc598e64bbbe',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'v0040pr89t9',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'EP1: Cute Programmer',
-            'description': 'md5:e87beab3bf9f392d6b9e541a63286343',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+air11ooo2rdsdi3',
-            'series': 'Cute Programmer',
-            'episode': 'Episode 1',
-            'episode_number': 1,
-            'duration': 2835,
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://wetv.vip/en/play/u37kgfnfzs73kiu/p0039b9nvik',
-        'md5': '3b3c15ca4b9a158d8d28d5aa9d7c0a49',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'p0039b9nvik',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'EP1: You Are My Glory',
-            'description': 'md5:831363a4c3b4d7615e1f3854be3a123b',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+u37kgfnfzs73kiu',
-            'series': 'You Are My Glory',
-            'episode': 'Episode 1',
-            'episode_number': 1,
-            'duration': 2454,
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://wetv.vip/en/play/lcxgwod5hapghvw-WeTV-PICK-A-BOO/i0042y00lxp-Zhao-Lusi-Describes-The-First-Experiences-She-Had-In-Who-Rules-The-World-%7C-WeTV-PICK-A-BOO',
-        'md5': '71133f5c2d5d6cad3427e1b010488280',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'i0042y00lxp',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'md5:f7a0857dbe5fbbe2e7ad630b92b54e6a',
-            'description': 'md5:76260cb9cdc0ef76826d7ca9d92fadfa',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+lcxgwod5hapghvw',
-            'series': 'WeTV PICK-A-BOO',
-            'episode': 'Episode 0',
-            'episode_number': 0,
-            'duration': 442,
-        },
-    }]
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
+    def _extract_episode(self, url):
         video_id, series_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'series_id')
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
         webpage_metadata = self._get_webpage_metadata(webpage, video_id)
@@ -331,6 +319,76 @@ class WeTvEpisodeIE(WeTvBaseIE):
             'episode_number': int_or_none(traverse_obj(webpage_metadata, ('videoInfo', 'episode'))),
         }
 
+    def _extract_series(self, url, ie):
+        series_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, series_id)
+        webpage_metadata = self._get_webpage_metadata(webpage, series_id)
+
+        episode_paths = ([f'/play/{series_id}/{episode["vid"]}' for episode in webpage_metadata.get('videoList')]
+                         or re.findall(r'<a[^>]+class="play-video__link"[^>]+href="(?P<path>[^"]+)', webpage))
+
+        return self.playlist_from_matches(
+            episode_paths, series_id, ie=ie, getter=functools.partial(urljoin, url),
+            title=self._get_clean_title(traverse_obj(webpage_metadata, ('coverInfo', 'title'))
+                                        or self._og_search_title(webpage)),
+            description=(traverse_obj(webpage_metadata, ('coverInfo', 'description'))
+                         or self._og_search_description(webpage)))
+
+
+class WeTvEpisodeIE(WeTvBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'wetv:episode'
+    _VALID_URL = WeTvBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE + r'/(?P<series_id>\w+)(?:-[^?#]+)?/(?P<id>\w+)(?:-[^?#]+)?'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://wetv.vip/en/play/air11ooo2rdsdi3-Cute-Programmer/v0040pr89t9-EP1-Cute-Programmer',
+        'md5': '0c70fdfaa5011ab022eebc598e64bbbe',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'v0040pr89t9',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'EP1: Cute Programmer',
+            'description': 'md5:e87beab3bf9f392d6b9e541a63286343',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+air11ooo2rdsdi3',
+            'series': 'Cute Programmer',
+            'episode': 'Episode 1',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'duration': 2835,
+            'format_id': r're:^shd',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://wetv.vip/en/play/u37kgfnfzs73kiu/p0039b9nvik',
+        'md5': '3b3c15ca4b9a158d8d28d5aa9d7c0a49',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'p0039b9nvik',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'EP1: You Are My Glory',
+            'description': 'md5:831363a4c3b4d7615e1f3854be3a123b',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+u37kgfnfzs73kiu',
+            'series': 'You Are My Glory',
+            'episode': 'Episode 1',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'duration': 2454,
+            'format_id': r're:^shd',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://wetv.vip/en/play/lcxgwod5hapghvw-WeTV-PICK-A-BOO/i0042y00lxp-Zhao-Lusi-Describes-The-First-Experiences-She-Had-In-Who-Rules-The-World-%7C-WeTV-PICK-A-BOO',
+        'md5': '71133f5c2d5d6cad3427e1b010488280',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'i0042y00lxp',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'md5:f7a0857dbe5fbbe2e7ad630b92b54e6a',
+            'description': 'md5:76260cb9cdc0ef76826d7ca9d92fadfa',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+i0042y00lxp',
+            'series': 'WeTV PICK-A-BOO',
+            'episode': 'Episode 0',
+            'episode_number': 0,
+            'duration': 442,
+            'format_id': r're:^shd',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        return self._extract_episode(url)
+
 
 class WeTvSeriesIE(WeTvBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = WeTvBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE + r'/(?P<id>\w+)(?:-[^/?#]+)?/?(?:[?#]|$)'
@@ -354,16 +412,79 @@ class WeTvSeriesIE(WeTvBaseIE):
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        series_id = self._match_id(url)
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, series_id)
-        webpage_metadata = self._get_webpage_metadata(webpage, series_id)
+        return self._extract_series(url, WeTvEpisodeIE)
 
-        episode_paths = ([f'/play/{series_id}/{episode["vid"]}' for episode in webpage_metadata.get('videoList')]
-                         or re.findall(r'<a[^>]+class="play-video__link"[^>]+href="(?P<path>[^"]+)', webpage))
 
-        return self.playlist_from_matches(
-            episode_paths, series_id, ie=WeTvEpisodeIE, getter=functools.partial(urljoin, url),
-            title=self._get_clean_title(traverse_obj(webpage_metadata, ('coverInfo', 'title'))
-                                        or self._og_search_title(webpage)),
-            description=(traverse_obj(webpage_metadata, ('coverInfo', 'description'))
-                         or self._og_search_description(webpage)))
+class IflixBaseIE(WeTvBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL_BASE = r'https?://(?:www\.)?iflix\.com/(?:[^?#]+/)?play'
+
+    _API_URL = 'https://vplay.iflix.com/getvinfo'
+    _APP_VERSION = '3.5.57'
+    _PLATFORM = '330201'
+    _HOST = 'www.iflix.com'
+    _REFERER = 'www.iflix.com'
+
+
+class IflixEpisodeIE(IflixBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'iflix:episode'
+    _VALID_URL = IflixBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE + r'/(?P<series_id>\w+)(?:-[^?#]+)?/(?P<id>\w+)(?:-[^?#]+)?'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.iflix.com/en/play/daijrxu03yypu0s/a0040kvgaza',
+        'md5': '9740f9338c3a2105290d16b68fb3262f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'a0040kvgaza',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'EP1: Put Your Head On My Shoulder 2021',
+            'description': 'md5:c095a742d3b7da6dfedd0c8170727a42',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+daijrxu03yypu0s',
+            'series': 'Put Your Head On My Shoulder 2021',
+            'episode': 'Episode 1',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'duration': 2639,
+            'format_id': r're:^shd',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.iflix.com/en/play/fvvrcc3ra9lbtt1-Take-My-Brother-Away/i0029sd3gm1-EP1%EF%BC%9ATake-My-Brother-Away',
+        'md5': '375c9b8478fdedca062274b2c2f53681',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'i0029sd3gm1',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'EP1：Take My Brother Away',
+            'description': 'md5:f0f7be1606af51cd94d5627de96b0c76',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+fvvrcc3ra9lbtt1',
+            'series': 'Take My Brother Away',
+            'episode': 'Episode 1',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'duration': 228,
+            'format_id': r're:^shd',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        return self._extract_episode(url)
+
+
+class IflixSeriesIE(IflixBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = IflixBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE + r'/(?P<id>\w+)(?:-[^/?#]+)?/?(?:[?#]|$)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.iflix.com/en/play/g21a6qk4u1s9x22-You-Are-My-Hero',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'g21a6qk4u1s9x22',
+            'title': 'You Are My Hero',
+            'description': 'md5:9c4d844bc0799cd3d2b5aed758a2050a',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 40,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.iflix.com/play/0s682hc45t0ohll',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '0s682hc45t0ohll',
+            'title': 'Miss Gu Who Is Silent',
+            'description': 'md5:a9651d0236f25af06435e845fa2f8c78',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 20,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        return self._extract_series(url, IflixEpisodeIE)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tennistv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tennistv.py
index 3bd7ce3c43..bc64226bf0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tennistv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tennistv.py
@@ -138,17 +138,15 @@ class TennisTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
             self._FORMAT_URL.format(partner=self._PARTNER_ID, entry=entryid, session=k_session), video_id)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': self._html_extract_title(webpage) or self._og_search_title(webpage),
+            'title': self._generic_title('', webpage),
             'description': self._html_search_regex(
                 (r'<span itemprop="description" content=["\']([^"\']+)["\']>', *self._og_regexes('description')),
                 webpage, 'description', fatal=False),
             'thumbnail': f'https://open.http.mp.streamamg.com/p/{self._PARTNER_ID}/sp/{self._PARTNER_ID}00/thumbnail/entry_id/{entryid}/version/100001/height/1920',
             'timestamp': unified_timestamp(self._html_search_regex(
-                r'<span itemprop="description" content=["\']([^"\']+)["\']>', webpage, 'upload time')),
+                r'<span itemprop="uploadDate" content=["\']([^"\']+)["\']>', webpage, 'upload time', fatal=False)),
             'series': self._html_search_regex(r'data-series\s*?=\s*?"(.*?)"', webpage, 'series', fatal=False) or None,
             'season': self._html_search_regex(r'data-tournament-city\s*?=\s*?"(.*?)"', webpage, 'season', fatal=False) or None,
             'episode': self._html_search_regex(r'data-round\s*?=\s*?"(.*?)"', webpage, 'round', fatal=False) or None,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tenplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tenplay.py
index fc47814473..633032e310 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tenplay.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tenplay.py
@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ class TenPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
         if '10play-not-in-oz' in m3u8_url:
             self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=['AU'])
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, content_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/testurl.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/testurl.py
index 2bce3b239a..0da01aa53e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/testurl.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/testurl.py
@@ -21,13 +21,14 @@ class TestURLIE(InfoExtractor):
         matching_extractors = [e for e in gen_extractor_classes() if rex.search(e.IE_NAME)]
 
         if len(matching_extractors) == 0:
-            raise ExtractorError('No extractors matching {extractor_id!r} found', expected=True)
+            raise ExtractorError(f'No extractors matching {extractor_id!r} found', expected=True)
         elif len(matching_extractors) > 1:
-            try:  # Check for exact match
-                extractor = next(
-                    ie for ie in matching_extractors
-                    if ie.IE_NAME.lower() == extractor_id.lower())
-            except StopIteration:
+            extractor = next((  # Check for exact match
+                ie for ie in matching_extractors if ie.IE_NAME.lower() == extractor_id.lower()
+            ), None) or next((  # Check for exact match without plugin suffix
+                ie for ie in matching_extractors if ie.IE_NAME.split('+')[0].lower() == extractor_id.lower()
+            ), None)
+            if not extractor:
                 raise ExtractorError(
                     'Found multiple matching extractors: %s' % ' '.join(ie.IE_NAME for ie in matching_extractors),
                     expected=True)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/theholetv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/theholetv.py
index f0a096d412..a13f83bffa 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/theholetv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/theholetv.py
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ class TheHoleTvIE(InfoExtractor):
             r'(<div[^>]*\bdata-controller="player"[^>]*>)', webpage, 'video player'))
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
             player_attrs['data-player-source-value'], video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/theplatform.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/theplatform.py
index c8026d2941..e659b8ee10 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/theplatform.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/theplatform.py
@@ -296,7 +296,6 @@ class ThePlatformIE(ThePlatformBaseIE, AdobePassIE):
             smil_url = self._sign_url(smil_url, sig['key'], sig['secret'])
 
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_theplatform_smil(smil_url, video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         ret = self._extract_theplatform_metadata(path, video_id)
         combined_subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(ret.get('subtitles', {}), subtitles)
@@ -366,8 +365,6 @@ class ThePlatformFeedIE(ThePlatformBaseIE):
                 formats.extend(cur_formats)
                 subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, cur_subtitles)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         thumbnails = [{
             'url': thumbnail['plfile$url'],
             'width': int_or_none(thumbnail.get('plfile$width')),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/theta.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/theta.py
index 3ec6b97118..ecf0ea091d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/theta.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/theta.py
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ class ThetaStreamIE(InfoExtractor):
             if data.get('type') != 'embed' and data.get('resolution') in ('master', 'source'))
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_playlist, channel_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', live=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         channel = try_get(info, lambda x: x['user']['username'])  # using this field instead of channel_id due to capitalization
 
@@ -78,7 +77,6 @@ class ThetaVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
         m3u8_playlist = try_get(info, lambda x: x['video_urls'][0]['url'])
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_playlist, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/theweatherchannel.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/theweatherchannel.py
index 9e94cd1ea1..682e4335d2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/theweatherchannel.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/theweatherchannel.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class TheWeatherChannelIE(ThePlatformIE):
+class TheWeatherChannelIE(ThePlatformIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?weather\.com(?P<asset_name>(?:/(?P<locale>[a-z]{2}-[A-Z]{2}))?/(?:[^/]+/)*video/(?P<id>[^/?#]+))'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://weather.com/series/great-outdoors/video/ice-climber-is-in-for-a-shock',
@@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ class TheWeatherChannelIE(ThePlatformIE):
                     'url': variant_url,
                     'format_id': variant_id,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         cc_url = video_data.get('cc_url')
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/thisvid.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/thisvid.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9d3368ed75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/thisvid.py
@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+import itertools
+import re
+import urllib.parse
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    clean_html,
+    get_element_by_class,
+    int_or_none,
+    url_or_none,
+    urljoin,
+)
+
+
+class ThisVidIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?thisvid\.com/(?P<type>videos|embed)/(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://thisvid.com/videos/sitting-on-ball-tight-jeans/',
+        'md5': '839becb572995687e11a69dc4358a386',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3533241',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Sitting on ball tight jeans',
+            'description': 'md5:372353bb995883d1b65fddf507489acd',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://\w+\.thisvid\.com/(?:[^/]+/)+3533241/preview\.jpg',
+            'uploader_id': '150629',
+            'uploader': 'jeanslevisjeans',
+            'display_id': 'sitting-on-ball-tight-jeans',
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://thisvid.com/embed/3533241/',
+        'md5': '839becb572995687e11a69dc4358a386',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3533241',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Sitting on ball tight jeans',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://\w+\.thisvid\.com/(?:[^/]+/)+3533241/preview\.jpg',
+            'uploader_id': '150629',
+            'uploader': 'jeanslevisjeans',
+            'display_id': 'sitting-on-ball-tight-jeans',
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        main_id, type_ = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url).group('id', 'type')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, main_id)
+
+        title = self._html_search_regex(
+            r'<title\b[^>]*?>(?:Video:\s+)?(.+?)(?:\s+-\s+ThisVid(?:\.com| tube))?</title>',
+            webpage, 'title')
+
+        if type_ == 'embed':
+            # look for more metadata
+            video_alt_url = url_or_none(self._search_regex(
+                rf'''video_alt_url\s*:\s+'({self._VALID_URL}/)',''',
+                webpage, 'video_alt_url', default=None))
+            if video_alt_url and video_alt_url != url:
+                webpage = self._download_webpage(
+                    video_alt_url, main_id,
+                    note='Redirecting embed to main page', fatal=False) or webpage
+
+        video_holder = get_element_by_class('video-holder', webpage) or ''
+        if '>This video is a private video' in video_holder:
+            self.raise_login_required(
+                (clean_html(video_holder) or 'Private video').partition('\n')[0])
+
+        uploader = self._html_search_regex(
+            r'''(?s)<span\b[^>]*>Added by:\s*</span><a\b[^>]+\bclass\s*=\s*["']author\b[^>]+\bhref\s*=\s*["']https://thisvid\.com/members/([0-9]+/.{3,}?)\s*</a>''',
+            webpage, 'uploader', default='')
+        uploader = re.split(r'''/["'][^>]*>\s*''', uploader)
+        if len(uploader) == 2:
+            # id must be non-empty, uploader could be ''
+            uploader_id, uploader = uploader
+            uploader = uploader or None
+        else:
+            uploader_id = uploader = None
+
+        return self.url_result(
+            url, ie='Generic', url_transparent=True,
+            title=title,
+            age_limit=18,
+            uploader=uploader,
+            uploader_id=uploader_id)
+
+
+class ThisVidPlaylistBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _PLAYLIST_URL_RE = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _find_urls(cls, html):
+        for m in re.finditer(rf'''<a\b[^>]+\bhref\s*=\s*["'](?P<url>{cls._PLAYLIST_URL_RE}\b)[^>]+>''', html):
+            yield m.group('url')
+
+    def _generate_playlist_entries(self, url, playlist_id, html=None):
+        page_url = url
+        for page in itertools.count(1):
+            if not html:
+                html = self._download_webpage(
+                    page_url, playlist_id, note=f'Downloading page {page}',
+                    fatal=False) or ''
+
+            yield from self._find_urls(html)
+
+            next_page = get_element_by_class('pagination-next', html) or ''
+            if next_page:
+                # member list page
+                next_page = urljoin(url, self._search_regex(
+                    r'''<a\b[^>]+\bhref\s*=\s*("|')(?P<url>(?!#)(?:(?!\1).)+)''',
+                    next_page, 'next page link', group='url', default=None))
+
+            # in case a member page should have pagination-next with empty link, not just `else:`
+            if next_page is None:
+                # playlist page
+                parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(page_url)
+                base_path, _, num = parsed_url.path.rpartition('/')
+                num = int_or_none(num)
+                if num is None:
+                    base_path, num = parsed_url.path.rstrip('/'), 1
+                parsed_url = parsed_url._replace(path=f'{base_path}/{num + 1}')
+                next_page = urllib.parse.urlunparse(parsed_url)
+                if page_url == next_page:
+                    next_page = None
+
+            if not next_page:
+                return
+            page_url, html = next_page, None
+
+    def _make_playlist_result(self, url):
+        playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
+
+        title = re.split(
+            r'(?i)\s*\|\s*ThisVid\.com\s*$',
+            self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None)
+            or self._html_search_regex(r'(?s)<title\b[^>]*>(.+?)</title', webpage, 'title', fatal=False) or '', 1)[0] or None
+
+        return self.playlist_from_matches(
+            self._generate_playlist_entries(url, playlist_id, webpage),
+            playlist_id=playlist_id, playlist_title=title, ie=ThisVidIE)
+
+
+class ThisVidMemberIE(ThisVidPlaylistBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://thisvid\.com/members/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://thisvid.com/members/2140501/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2140501',
+            'title': 'Rafflesia\'s Profile',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 16,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://thisvid.com/members/2140501/favourite_videos/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2140501',
+            'title': 'Rafflesia\'s Favourite Videos',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 15,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://thisvid.com/members/636468/public_videos/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '636468',
+            'title': 'Happymouth\'s Public Videos',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 196,
+    }]
+    _PLAYLIST_URL_RE = ThisVidIE._VALID_URL
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        return self._make_playlist_result(url)
+
+
+class ThisVidPlaylistIE(ThisVidPlaylistBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://thisvid\.com/playlist/(?P<id>\d+)/video/(?P<video_id>[A-Za-z0-9-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://thisvid.com/playlist/6615/video/big-italian-booty-28/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6615',
+            'title': 'Underwear Stuff',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 200,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://thisvid.com/playlist/6615/video/big-italian-booty-28/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1072387',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Big Italian Booty 28',
+            'description': 'md5:1bccf7b13765e18fb27bf764dba7ede2',
+            'uploader_id': '367912',
+            'uploader': 'Jcmusclefun',
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'display_id': 'big-italian-booty-28',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://\w+\.thisvid\.com/(?:[^/]+/)+1072387/preview\.jpg',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'noplaylist': True,
+        },
+    }]
+    _PLAYLIST_URL_RE = _VALID_URL
+
+    def _generate_playlist_entries(self, url, playlist_id, html=None):
+        for wrapped_url in super()._generate_playlist_entries(url, playlist_id, html):
+            video_id = re.match(self._VALID_URL, wrapped_url).group('video_id')
+            yield urljoin(url, f'/videos/{video_id}/')
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        playlist_id, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'video_id')
+
+        if not self._yes_playlist(playlist_id, video_id):
+            redirect_url = urljoin(url, f'/videos/{video_id}/')
+            return self.url_result(redirect_url, ThisVidIE)
+
+        result = self._make_playlist_result(url)
+
+        # Fix duplicated title (`the title - the title` => `the title`)
+        title = result['title']
+        t_len = len(title)
+        if t_len > 5 and t_len % 2 != 0:
+            t_len = t_len // 2
+            if title[t_len] == '-':
+                first, second = map(str.strip, (title[:t_len], title[t_len + 1:]))
+                if first and first == second:
+                    result['title'] = first
+
+        return result
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/threeqsdn.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/threeqsdn.py
index a313a8dfbe..b1041902bf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/threeqsdn.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/threeqsdn.py
@@ -128,10 +128,6 @@ class ThreeQSDNIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'vcodec': 'none' if height == 0 else None,
                         'width': int(height * aspect) if height and aspect else None,
                     })
-        # It seems like this would be correctly handled by default
-        # However, unless someone can confirm this, the old
-        # behaviour is being kept as-is
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ('res', 'source_preference'))
 
         for subtitle in (config.get('subtitles') or []):
             src = subtitle.get('src')
@@ -153,4 +149,8 @@ class ThreeQSDNIE(InfoExtractor):
             'is_live': live,
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
+            # It seems like this would be correctly handled by default
+            # However, unless someone can confirm this, the old
+            # behaviour is being kept as-is
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('res', 'source_preference')
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/threespeak.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/threespeak.py
index ce28a37c07..dbd5090878 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/threespeak.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/threespeak.py
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ class ThreeSpeakIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'quality': 11,
                 'format_note': 'Original file',
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': id,
             'title': data_json.get('title') or data_json.get('root_title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tiktok.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tiktok.py
index c585383942..096748bf70 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tiktok.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tiktok.py
@@ -11,11 +11,13 @@ from ..utils import (
     HEADRequest,
     LazyList,
     UnsupportedError,
+    UserNotLive,
     get_element_by_id,
     get_first,
     int_or_none,
     join_nonempty,
     qualities,
+    remove_start,
     srt_subtitles_timecode,
     str_or_none,
     traverse_obj,
@@ -25,15 +27,18 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 
 class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _APP_VERSIONS = [('20.9.3', '293'), ('20.4.3', '243'), ('20.2.1', '221'), ('20.1.2', '212'), ('20.0.4', '204')]
+    _APP_VERSIONS = [('26.1.3', '260103'), ('26.1.2', '260102'), ('26.1.1', '260101'), ('25.6.2', '250602')]
     _WORKING_APP_VERSION = None
     _APP_NAME = 'trill'
     _AID = 1180
-    _API_HOSTNAME = 'api-h2.tiktokv.com'
     _UPLOADER_URL_FORMAT = 'https://www.tiktok.com/@%s'
     _WEBPAGE_HOST = 'https://www.tiktok.com/'
     QUALITIES = ('360p', '540p', '720p', '1080p')
-    _session_initialized = False
+
+    @property
+    def _API_HOSTNAME(self):
+        return self._configuration_arg(
+            'api_hostname', ['api16-normal-c-useast1a.tiktokv.com'], ie_key=TikTokIE)[0]
 
     @staticmethod
     def _create_url(user_id, video_id):
@@ -43,22 +48,16 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         return self._parse_json(get_element_by_id(
             'SIGI_STATE|sigi-persisted-data', webpage, escape_value=False), display_id)
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        if self._session_initialized:
-            return
-        self._request_webpage(HEADRequest('https://www.tiktok.com'), None, note='Setting up session', fatal=False)
-        TikTokBaseIE._session_initialized = True
-
     def _call_api_impl(self, ep, query, manifest_app_version, video_id, fatal=True,
                        note='Downloading API JSON', errnote='Unable to download API page'):
-        self._set_cookie(self._API_HOSTNAME, 'odin_tt', ''.join(random.choice('0123456789abcdef') for _ in range(160)))
+        self._set_cookie(self._API_HOSTNAME, 'odin_tt', ''.join(random.choices('0123456789abcdef', k=160)))
         webpage_cookies = self._get_cookies(self._WEBPAGE_HOST)
         if webpage_cookies.get('sid_tt'):
             self._set_cookie(self._API_HOSTNAME, 'sid_tt', webpage_cookies['sid_tt'].value)
         return self._download_json(
             'https://%s/aweme/v1/%s/' % (self._API_HOSTNAME, ep), video_id=video_id,
             fatal=fatal, note=note, errnote=errnote, headers={
-                'User-Agent': f'com.ss.android.ugc.trill/{manifest_app_version} (Linux; U; Android 10; en_US; Pixel 4; Build/QQ3A.200805.001; Cronet/58.0.2991.0)',
+                'User-Agent': f'com.ss.android.ugc.{self._APP_NAME}/{manifest_app_version} (Linux; U; Android 10; en_US; Pixel 4; Build/QQ3A.200805.001; Cronet/58.0.2991.0)',
                 'Accept': 'application/json',
             }, query=query)
 
@@ -70,8 +69,8 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'build_number': app_version,
             'manifest_version_code': manifest_app_version,
             'update_version_code': manifest_app_version,
-            'openudid': ''.join(random.choice('0123456789abcdef') for _ in range(16)),
-            'uuid': ''.join([random.choice(string.digits) for _ in range(16)]),
+            'openudid': ''.join(random.choices('0123456789abcdef', k=16)),
+            'uuid': ''.join(random.choices(string.digits, k=16)),
             '_rticket': int(time.time() * 1000),
             'ts': int(time.time()),
             'device_brand': 'Google',
@@ -133,11 +132,21 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     continue
                 raise e
 
+    def _extract_aweme_app(self, aweme_id):
+        feed_list = self._call_api(
+            'feed', {'aweme_id': aweme_id}, aweme_id, note='Downloading video feed',
+            errnote='Unable to download video feed').get('aweme_list') or []
+        aweme_detail = next((aweme for aweme in feed_list if str(aweme.get('aweme_id')) == aweme_id), None)
+        if not aweme_detail:
+            raise ExtractorError('Unable to find video in feed', video_id=aweme_id)
+        return self._parse_aweme_video_app(aweme_detail)
+
     def _get_subtitles(self, aweme_detail, aweme_id):
         # TODO: Extract text positioning info
         subtitles = {}
+        # aweme/detail endpoint subs
         captions_info = traverse_obj(
-            aweme_detail, ('interaction_stickers', ..., 'auto_video_caption_info', 'auto_captions', ...), expected_type=dict, default=[])
+            aweme_detail, ('interaction_stickers', ..., 'auto_video_caption_info', 'auto_captions', ...), expected_type=dict)
         for caption in captions_info:
             caption_url = traverse_obj(caption, ('url', 'url_list', ...), expected_type=url_or_none, get_all=False)
             if not caption_url:
@@ -152,6 +161,24 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     f'{i + 1}\n{srt_subtitles_timecode(line["start_time"] / 1000)} --> {srt_subtitles_timecode(line["end_time"] / 1000)}\n{line["text"]}'
                     for i, line in enumerate(caption_json['utterances']) if line.get('text'))
             })
+        # feed endpoint subs
+        if not subtitles:
+            for caption in traverse_obj(aweme_detail, ('video', 'cla_info', 'caption_infos', ...), expected_type=dict):
+                if not caption.get('url'):
+                    continue
+                subtitles.setdefault(caption.get('lang') or 'en', []).append({
+                    'ext': remove_start(caption.get('caption_format'), 'web'),
+                    'url': caption['url'],
+                })
+        # webpage subs
+        if not subtitles:
+            for caption in traverse_obj(aweme_detail, ('video', 'subtitleInfos', ...), expected_type=dict):
+                if not caption.get('Url'):
+                    continue
+                subtitles.setdefault(caption.get('LanguageCodeName') or 'en', []).append({
+                    'ext': remove_start(caption.get('Format'), 'web'),
+                    'url': caption['Url'],
+                })
         return subtitles
 
     def _parse_aweme_video_app(self, aweme_detail):
@@ -240,7 +267,6 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         if auth_cookie:
             for f in formats:
                 self._set_cookie(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(f['url']).hostname, 'sid_tt', auth_cookie.value)
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ('quality', 'codec', 'size', 'br'))
 
         thumbnails = []
         for cover_id in ('cover', 'ai_dynamic_cover', 'animated_cover', 'ai_dynamic_cover_bak',
@@ -259,7 +285,7 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         user_url = self._UPLOADER_URL_FORMAT % (traverse_obj(author_info,
                                                              'sec_uid', 'id', 'uid', 'unique_id',
                                                              expected_type=str_or_none, get_all=False))
-        labels = traverse_obj(aweme_detail, ('hybrid_label', ..., 'text'), expected_type=str, default=[])
+        labels = traverse_obj(aweme_detail, ('hybrid_label', ..., 'text'), expected_type=str)
 
         contained_music_track = traverse_obj(
             music_info, ('matched_song', 'title'), ('matched_pgc_sound', 'title'), expected_type=str)
@@ -289,7 +315,7 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'uploader_url': user_url,
             'track': music_track,
             'album': str_or_none(music_info.get('album')) or None,
-            'artist': music_author,
+            'artist': music_author or None,
             'timestamp': int_or_none(aweme_detail.get('create_time')),
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': self.extract_subtitles(aweme_detail, aweme_id),
@@ -298,7 +324,8 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'availability': self._availability(
                 is_private='Private' in labels,
                 needs_subscription='Friends only' in labels,
-                is_unlisted='Followers only' in labels)
+                is_unlisted='Followers only' in labels),
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('quality', 'codec', 'size', 'br'),
         }
 
     def _parse_aweme_video_web(self, aweme_detail, webpage_url):
@@ -328,7 +355,7 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'width': width,
                 'height': height,
-            } for url in traverse_obj(play_url, (..., 'src'), expected_type=url_or_none, default=[]) if url]
+            } for url in traverse_obj(play_url, (..., 'src'), expected_type=url_or_none) if url]
 
         download_url = url_or_none(video_info.get('downloadAddr')) or traverse_obj(video_info, ('download', 'url'), expected_type=url_or_none)
         if download_url:
@@ -340,7 +367,6 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': height,
             })
         self._remove_duplicate_formats(formats)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for thumbnail_name in ('thumbnail', 'cover', 'dynamicCover', 'originCover'):
@@ -362,7 +388,7 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'timestamp': int_or_none(aweme_detail.get('createTime')),
             'creator': str_or_none(author_info.get('nickname')),
             'uploader': str_or_none(author_info.get('uniqueId') or aweme_detail.get('author')),
-            'uploader_id': str_or_none(author_info.get('id') or aweme_detail.get('authorId')),
+            'uploader_id': str_or_none(traverse_obj(author_info, 'id', 'uid', 'authorId')),
             'uploader_url': user_url,
             'track': str_or_none(music_info.get('title')),
             'album': str_or_none(music_info.get('album')) or None,
@@ -377,7 +403,7 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 
 class TikTokIE(TikTokBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.tiktok\.com/(?:embed|@(?P<user_id>[\w\.-]+)/video)/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.tiktok\.com/(?:embed|@(?P<user_id>[\w\.-]+)?/video)/(?P<id>\d+)'
     _EMBED_REGEX = [rf'<(?:script|iframe)[^>]+\bsrc=(["\'])(?P<url>{_VALID_URL})']
 
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -522,28 +548,13 @@ class TikTokIE(TikTokBaseIE):
             'repost_count': int,
             'comment_count': int,
         },
-        'expected_warnings': ['trying feed workaround', 'Unable to find video in feed']
+        'skip': 'This video is unavailable',
     }, {
         # Auto-captions available
         'url': 'https://www.tiktok.com/@hankgreen1/video/7047596209028074758',
         'only_matching': True
     }]
 
-    def _extract_aweme_app(self, aweme_id):
-        try:
-            aweme_detail = self._call_api('aweme/detail', {'aweme_id': aweme_id}, aweme_id,
-                                          note='Downloading video details', errnote='Unable to download video details').get('aweme_detail')
-            if not aweme_detail:
-                raise ExtractorError('Video not available', video_id=aweme_id)
-        except ExtractorError as e:
-            self.report_warning(f'{e.orig_msg}; trying feed workaround')
-            feed_list = self._call_api('feed', {'aweme_id': aweme_id}, aweme_id,
-                                       note='Downloading video feed', errnote='Unable to download video feed').get('aweme_list') or []
-            aweme_detail = next((aweme for aweme in feed_list if str(aweme.get('aweme_id')) == aweme_id), None)
-            if not aweme_detail:
-                raise ExtractorError('Unable to find video in feed', video_id=aweme_id)
-        return self._parse_aweme_video_app(aweme_detail)
-
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id, user_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'user_id')
         try:
@@ -572,6 +583,7 @@ class TikTokIE(TikTokBaseIE):
 class TikTokUserIE(TikTokBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'tiktok:user'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tiktok\.com/@(?P<id>[\w\.-]+)/?(?:$|[#?])'
+    _WORKING = False
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://tiktok.com/@corgibobaa?lang=en',
         'playlist_mincount': 45,
@@ -627,7 +639,7 @@ class TikTokUserIE(TikTokBaseIE):
             'max_cursor': 0,
             'min_cursor': 0,
             'retry_type': 'no_retry',
-            'device_id': ''.join(random.choice(string.digits) for _ in range(19)),  # Some endpoints don't like randomized device_id, so it isn't directly set in _call_api.
+            'device_id': ''.join(random.choices(string.digits, k=19)),  # Some endpoints don't like randomized device_id, so it isn't directly set in _call_api.
         }
 
         for page in itertools.count(1):
@@ -668,14 +680,14 @@ class TikTokUserIE(TikTokBaseIE):
         return self.playlist_result(self._entries_api(user_id, videos), user_id, user_name, thumbnail=thumbnail)
 
 
-class TikTokBaseListIE(TikTokBaseIE):
+class TikTokBaseListIE(TikTokBaseIE):  # XXX: Conventionally, base classes should end with BaseIE/InfoExtractor
     def _entries(self, list_id, display_id):
         query = {
             self._QUERY_NAME: list_id,
             'cursor': 0,
             'count': 20,
             'type': 5,
-            'device_id': ''.join(random.choice(string.digits) for i in range(19))
+            'device_id': ''.join(random.choices(string.digits, k=19))
         }
 
         for page in itertools.count(1):
@@ -708,6 +720,7 @@ class TikTokBaseListIE(TikTokBaseIE):
 class TikTokSoundIE(TikTokBaseListIE):
     IE_NAME = 'tiktok:sound'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tiktok\.com/music/[\w\.-]+-(?P<id>[\d]+)[/?#&]?'
+    _WORKING = False
     _QUERY_NAME = 'music_id'
     _API_ENDPOINT = 'music/aweme'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -731,6 +744,7 @@ class TikTokSoundIE(TikTokBaseListIE):
 class TikTokEffectIE(TikTokBaseListIE):
     IE_NAME = 'tiktok:effect'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tiktok\.com/sticker/[\w\.-]+-(?P<id>[\d]+)[/?#&]?'
+    _WORKING = False
     _QUERY_NAME = 'sticker_id'
     _API_ENDPOINT = 'sticker/aweme'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -750,6 +764,7 @@ class TikTokEffectIE(TikTokBaseListIE):
 class TikTokTagIE(TikTokBaseListIE):
     IE_NAME = 'tiktok:tag'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tiktok\.com/tag/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
+    _WORKING = False
     _QUERY_NAME = 'ch_id'
     _API_ENDPOINT = 'challenge/aweme'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -774,56 +789,68 @@ class TikTokTagIE(TikTokBaseListIE):
         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(tag_id, display_id), tag_id, display_id)
 
 
-class DouyinIE(TikTokIE):
+class DouyinIE(TikTokBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?douyin\.com/video/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.douyin.com/video/6961737553342991651',
-        'md5': '10523312c8b8100f353620ac9dc8f067',
+        'md5': 'a97db7e3e67eb57bf40735c022ffa228',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '6961737553342991651',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': '#杨超越  小小水手带你去远航❤️',
-            'uploader': '杨超越',
-            'upload_date': '20210513',
-            'timestamp': 1620905839,
+            'description': '#杨超越  小小水手带你去远航❤️',
             'uploader_id': '110403406559',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.douyin.com/user/MS4wLjABAAAAEKnfa654JAJ_N5lgZDQluwsxmY0lhfmEYNQBBkwGG98',
+            'creator': '杨超越',
+            'duration': 19782,
+            'timestamp': 1620905839,
+            'upload_date': '20210513',
+            'track': '@杨超越创作的原声',
             'view_count': int,
             'like_count': int,
             'repost_count': int,
             'comment_count': int,
-        }
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.douyin.com/video/6982497745948921092',
-        'md5': 'd78408c984b9b5102904cf6b6bc2d712',
+        'md5': '34a87ebff3833357733da3fe17e37c0e',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '6982497745948921092',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': '这个夏日和小羊@杨超越 一起遇见白色幻想',
-            'uploader': '杨超越工作室',
-            'upload_date': '20210708',
-            'timestamp': 1625739481,
+            'description': '这个夏日和小羊@杨超越 一起遇见白色幻想',
             'uploader_id': '408654318141572',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.douyin.com/user/MS4wLjABAAAAZJpnglcjW2f_CMVcnqA_6oVBXKWMpH0F8LIHuUu8-lA',
+            'creator': '杨超越工作室',
+            'duration': 42608,
+            'timestamp': 1625739481,
+            'upload_date': '20210708',
+            'track': '@杨超越工作室创作的原声',
             'view_count': int,
             'like_count': int,
             'repost_count': int,
             'comment_count': int,
-        }
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.douyin.com/video/6953975910773099811',
-        'md5': '72e882e24f75064c218b76c8b713c185',
+        'md5': 'dde3302460f19db59c47060ff013b902',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '6953975910773099811',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': '#一起看海  出现在你的夏日里',
-            'uploader': '杨超越',
-            'upload_date': '20210422',
-            'timestamp': 1619098692,
+            'description': '#一起看海  出现在你的夏日里',
             'uploader_id': '110403406559',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.douyin.com/user/MS4wLjABAAAAEKnfa654JAJ_N5lgZDQluwsxmY0lhfmEYNQBBkwGG98',
+            'creator': '杨超越',
+            'duration': 17228,
+            'timestamp': 1619098692,
+            'upload_date': '20210422',
+            'track': '@杨超越创作的原声',
             'view_count': int,
             'like_count': int,
             'repost_count': int,
             'comment_count': int,
-        }
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.douyin.com/video/6950251282489675042',
         'md5': 'b4db86aec367ef810ddd38b1737d2fed',
@@ -839,25 +866,30 @@ class DouyinIE(TikTokIE):
             'like_count': int,
             'repost_count': int,
             'comment_count': int,
-        }
+        },
+        'skip': 'No longer available',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.douyin.com/video/6963263655114722595',
-        'md5': '1abe1c477d05ee62efb40bf2329957cf',
+        'md5': 'cf9f11f0ec45d131445ec2f06766e122',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '6963263655114722595',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': '#哪个爱豆的105度最甜 换个角度看看我哈哈',
-            'uploader': '杨超越',
-            'upload_date': '20210517',
-            'timestamp': 1621261163,
+            'description': '#哪个爱豆的105度最甜 换个角度看看我哈哈',
             'uploader_id': '110403406559',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.douyin.com/user/MS4wLjABAAAAEKnfa654JAJ_N5lgZDQluwsxmY0lhfmEYNQBBkwGG98',
+            'creator': '杨超越',
+            'duration': 15115,
+            'timestamp': 1621261163,
+            'upload_date': '20210517',
+            'track': '@杨超越创作的原声',
             'view_count': int,
             'like_count': int,
             'repost_count': int,
             'comment_count': int,
-        }
+        },
     }]
-    _APP_VERSIONS = [('9.6.0', '960')]
+    _APP_VERSIONS = [('23.3.0', '230300')]
     _APP_NAME = 'aweme'
     _AID = 1128
     _API_HOSTNAME = 'aweme.snssdk.com'
@@ -870,7 +902,8 @@ class DouyinIE(TikTokIE):
         try:
             return self._extract_aweme_app(video_id)
         except ExtractorError as e:
-            self.report_warning(f'{e}; trying with webpage')
+            e.expected = True
+            self.to_screen(f'{e}; trying with webpage')
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
         render_data_json = self._search_regex(
@@ -878,7 +911,10 @@ class DouyinIE(TikTokIE):
             webpage, 'render data', default=None)
         if not render_data_json:
             # TODO: Run verification challenge code to generate signature cookies
-            raise ExtractorError('Fresh cookies (not necessarily logged in) are needed')
+            cookies = self._get_cookies(self._WEBPAGE_HOST)
+            expected = not cookies.get('s_v_web_id') or not cookies.get('ttwid')
+            raise ExtractorError(
+                'Fresh cookies (not necessarily logged in) are needed', expected=expected)
 
         render_data = self._parse_json(
             render_data_json, video_id, transform_source=compat_urllib_parse_unquote)
@@ -886,31 +922,54 @@ class DouyinIE(TikTokIE):
 
 
 class TikTokVMIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:vm|vt)\.tiktok\.com/(?P<id>\w+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:vm|vt)\.tiktok\.com|(?:www\.)tiktok\.com/t)/(?P<id>\w+)'
     IE_NAME = 'vm.tiktok'
 
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://vm.tiktok.com/ZSe4FqkKd',
+        'url': 'https://www.tiktok.com/t/ZTRC5xgJp',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '7023491746608712966',
+            'id': '7170520270497680683',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'md5:5607564db90271abbbf8294cca77eddd',
-            'description': 'md5:5607564db90271abbbf8294cca77eddd',
-            'duration': 11,
-            'upload_date': '20211026',
-            'uploader_id': '7007385080558846981',
-            'creator': 'Memes',
-            'artist': 'Memes',
-            'track': 'original sound',
-            'uploader': 'susmandem',
-            'timestamp': 1635284105,
-            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.webp.*',
-            'like_count': int,
+            'title': 'md5:c64f6152330c2efe98093ccc8597871c',
+            'uploader_id': '6687535061741700102',
+            'upload_date': '20221127',
             'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
             'comment_count': int,
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.tiktok.com/@MS4wLjABAAAAObqu3WCTXxmw2xwZ3iLEHnEecEIw7ks6rxWqOqOhaPja9BI7gqUQnjw8_5FSoDXX',
+            'album': 'Wave of Mutilation: Best of Pixies',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.webp.*',
+            'duration': 5,
+            'timestamp': 1669516858,
             'repost_count': int,
-            'uploader_url': 'https://www.tiktok.com/@MS4wLjABAAAAXcNoOEOxVyBzuII_E--T0MeCrLP0ay1Sm6x_n3dluiWEoWZD0VlQOytwad4W0i0n',
-        }
+            'artist': 'Pixies',
+            'track': 'Where Is My Mind?',
+            'description': 'md5:c64f6152330c2efe98093ccc8597871c',
+            'uploader': 'sigmachaddeus',
+            'creator': 'SigmaChad',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://vm.tiktok.com/ZTR45GpSF/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '7106798200794926362',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'md5:edc3e7ea587847f8537468f2fe51d074',
+            'uploader_id': '6997695878846268418',
+            'upload_date': '20220608',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+\.webp.*',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.tiktok.com/@MS4wLjABAAAAdZ_NcPPgMneaGrW0hN8O_J_bwLshwNNERRF5DxOw2HKIzk0kdlLrR8RkVl1ksrMO',
+            'duration': 29,
+            'timestamp': 1654680400,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'artist': 'Akihitoko',
+            'track': 'original sound',
+            'description': 'md5:edc3e7ea587847f8537468f2fe51d074',
+            'uploader': 'akihitoko1',
+            'creator': 'Akihitoko',
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://vt.tiktok.com/ZSe4FqkKd',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -922,3 +981,42 @@ class TikTokVMIE(InfoExtractor):
         if self.suitable(new_url):  # Prevent infinite loop in case redirect fails
             raise UnsupportedError(new_url)
         return self.url_result(new_url)
+
+
+class TikTokLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tiktok\.com/@(?P<id>[\w\.-]+)/live'
+    IE_NAME = 'tiktok:live'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.tiktok.com/@iris04201/live',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        uploader = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, uploader, headers={'User-Agent': 'User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0'})
+        room_id = self._html_search_regex(r'snssdk\d*://live\?room_id=(\d+)', webpage, 'room ID', default=None)
+        if not room_id:
+            raise UserNotLive(video_id=uploader)
+        live_info = traverse_obj(self._download_json(
+            'https://www.tiktok.com/api/live/detail/', room_id, query={
+                'aid': '1988',
+                'roomID': room_id,
+            }), 'LiveRoomInfo', expected_type=dict, default={})
+
+        if 'status' not in live_info:
+            raise ExtractorError('Unexpected response from TikTok API')
+        # status = 2 if live else 4
+        if not int_or_none(live_info['status']) == 2:
+            raise UserNotLive(video_id=uploader)
+
+        return {
+            'id': room_id,
+            'title': live_info.get('title') or self._html_search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title'], webpage, default=''),
+            'uploader': uploader,
+            'uploader_id': traverse_obj(live_info, ('ownerInfo', 'id')),
+            'creator': traverse_obj(live_info, ('ownerInfo', 'nickname')),
+            'concurrent_view_count': traverse_obj(live_info, ('liveRoomStats', 'userCount'), expected_type=int),
+            'formats': self._extract_m3u8_formats(live_info['liveUrl'], room_id, 'mp4', live=True),
+            'is_live': True,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tnaflix.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tnaflix.py
index 34361e515a..b2baf2e871 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tnaflix.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tnaflix.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import re
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import compat_str
 from ..utils import (
@@ -7,6 +9,7 @@ from ..utils import (
     parse_duration,
     str_to_int,
     unescapeHTML,
+    url_basename,
     xpath_text,
 )
 
@@ -18,8 +21,6 @@ class TNAFlixNetworkBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         r'<input[^>]+name="config\d?" value="(?P<url>[^"]+)"',
         r'config\s*=\s*(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:(?!\1).)+)\1',
     ]
-    _HOST = 'tna'
-    _VKEY_SUFFIX = ''
     _TITLE_REGEX = r'<input[^>]+name="title" value="([^"]+)"'
     _DESCRIPTION_REGEX = r'<input[^>]+name="description" value="([^"]+)"'
     _UPLOADER_REGEX = r'<input[^>]+name="username" value="([^"]+)"'
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ class TNAFlixNetworkBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
-        video_id = mobj.group('id')
+        video_id, host = mobj.group('id', 'host')
         for display_id_key in ('display_id', 'display_id_2'):
             if display_id_key in mobj.groupdict():
                 display_id = mobj.group(display_id_key)
@@ -80,119 +81,139 @@ class TNAFlixNetworkBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             display_id = video_id
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        inputs = self._hidden_inputs(webpage)
+        query = {}
 
+        # check for MovieFap-style config
         cfg_url = self._proto_relative_url(self._html_search_regex(
             self._CONFIG_REGEX, webpage, 'flashvars.config', default=None,
             group='url'), 'http:')
 
         if not cfg_url:
-            inputs = self._hidden_inputs(webpage)
-            cfg_url = ('https://cdn-fck.%sflix.com/%sflix/%s%s.fid?key=%s&VID=%s&premium=1&vip=1&alpha'
-                       % (self._HOST, self._HOST, inputs['vkey'], self._VKEY_SUFFIX, inputs['nkey'], video_id))
+            cfg_url = inputs.get('config')
 
-        cfg_xml = self._download_xml(
-            cfg_url, display_id, 'Downloading metadata',
-            transform_source=fix_xml_ampersands, headers={'Referer': url})
-
-        formats = []
-
-        def extract_video_url(vl):
-            # Any URL modification now results in HTTP Error 403: Forbidden
-            return unescapeHTML(vl.text)
-
-        video_link = cfg_xml.find('./videoLink')
-        if video_link is not None:
-            formats.append({
-                'url': extract_video_url(video_link),
-                'ext': xpath_text(cfg_xml, './videoConfig/type', 'type', default='flv'),
+        # check for TNAFlix-style config
+        if not cfg_url and inputs.get('vkey') and inputs.get('nkey'):
+            cfg_url = f'http://cdn-fck.{host}.com/{host}/{inputs["vkey"]}.fid'
+            query.update({
+                'key': inputs['nkey'],
+                'VID': video_id,
+                'premium': '1',
+                'vip': '1',
+                'alpha': '',
             })
 
-        for item in cfg_xml.findall('./quality/item'):
-            video_link = item.find('./videoLink')
-            if video_link is None:
-                continue
-            res = item.find('res')
-            format_id = None if res is None else res.text
-            height = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
-                r'^(\d+)[pP]', format_id, 'height', default=None))
-            formats.append({
-                'url': self._proto_relative_url(extract_video_url(video_link), 'http:'),
-                'format_id': format_id,
-                'height': height,
+        formats, json_ld = [], {}
+
+        # TNAFlix and MovieFap extraction
+        if cfg_url:
+            cfg_xml = self._download_xml(
+                cfg_url, display_id, 'Downloading metadata',
+                transform_source=fix_xml_ampersands, headers={'Referer': url}, query=query)
+
+            def extract_video_url(vl):
+                # Any URL modification now results in HTTP Error 403: Forbidden
+                return unescapeHTML(vl.text)
+
+            video_link = cfg_xml.find('./videoLink')
+            if video_link is not None:
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': extract_video_url(video_link),
+                    'ext': xpath_text(cfg_xml, './videoConfig/type', 'type', default='flv'),
+                })
+
+            for item in cfg_xml.findall('./quality/item'):
+                video_link = item.find('./videoLink')
+                if video_link is None:
+                    continue
+                res = item.find('res')
+                format_id = None if res is None else res.text
+                height = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
+                    r'^(\d+)[pP]', format_id, 'height', default=None))
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': self._proto_relative_url(extract_video_url(video_link), 'http:'),
+                    'format_id': format_id,
+                    'height': height,
+                })
+
+            thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails(cfg_xml) or []
+            thumbnails.append({
+                'url': self._proto_relative_url(xpath_text(cfg_xml, './startThumb', 'thumbnail'), 'http:')
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        thumbnail = self._proto_relative_url(
-            xpath_text(cfg_xml, './startThumb', 'thumbnail'), 'http:')
-        thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails(cfg_xml)
-
-        title = None
-        if self._TITLE_REGEX:
-            title = self._html_search_regex(
-                self._TITLE_REGEX, webpage, 'title', default=None)
-        if not title:
-            title = self._og_search_title(webpage)
-
-        age_limit = self._rta_search(webpage) or 18
-
-        duration = parse_duration(self._html_search_meta(
-            'duration', webpage, 'duration', default=None))
+        # check for EMPFlix-style JSON and extract
+        else:
+            player = self._download_json(
+                f'http://www.{host}.com/ajax/video-player/{video_id}', video_id,
+                headers={'Referer': url}).get('html', '')
+            for mobj in re.finditer(r'<source src="(?P<src>[^"]+)"', player):
+                video_url = mobj.group('src')
+                height = self._search_regex(r'-(\d+)p\.', url_basename(video_url), 'height', default=None)
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': self._proto_relative_url(video_url, 'http:'),
+                    'ext': url_basename(video_url).split('.')[-1],
+                    'height': int_or_none(height),
+                    'format_id': f'{height}p' if height else url_basename(video_url).split('.')[0],
+                })
+            thumbnail = self._proto_relative_url(self._search_regex(
+                r'data-poster="([^"]+)"', player, 'thumbnail', default=None), 'http:')
+            thumbnails = [{'url': thumbnail}] if thumbnail else None
+            json_ld = self._search_json_ld(webpage, display_id, default={})
 
         def extract_field(pattern, name):
             return self._html_search_regex(pattern, webpage, name, default=None) if pattern else None
 
-        description = extract_field(self._DESCRIPTION_REGEX, 'description')
-        uploader = extract_field(self._UPLOADER_REGEX, 'uploader')
-        view_count = str_to_int(extract_field(self._VIEW_COUNT_REGEX, 'view count'))
-        comment_count = str_to_int(extract_field(self._COMMENT_COUNT_REGEX, 'comment count'))
-        average_rating = float_or_none(extract_field(self._AVERAGE_RATING_REGEX, 'average rating'))
-
-        categories_str = extract_field(self._CATEGORIES_REGEX, 'categories')
-        categories = [c.strip() for c in categories_str.split(',')] if categories_str is not None else []
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'display_id': display_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': description,
-            'thumbnail': thumbnail,
+            'title': (extract_field(self._TITLE_REGEX, 'title')
+                      or self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None)
+                      or json_ld.get('title')),
+            'description': extract_field(self._DESCRIPTION_REGEX, 'description') or json_ld.get('description'),
             'thumbnails': thumbnails,
-            'duration': duration,
-            'age_limit': age_limit,
-            'uploader': uploader,
-            'view_count': view_count,
-            'comment_count': comment_count,
-            'average_rating': average_rating,
-            'categories': categories,
+            'duration': parse_duration(
+                self._html_search_meta('duration', webpage, 'duration', default=None)) or json_ld.get('duration'),
+            'age_limit': self._rta_search(webpage) or 18,
+            'uploader': extract_field(self._UPLOADER_REGEX, 'uploader') or json_ld.get('uploader'),
+            'view_count': str_to_int(extract_field(self._VIEW_COUNT_REGEX, 'view count')),
+            'comment_count': str_to_int(extract_field(self._COMMENT_COUNT_REGEX, 'comment count')),
+            'average_rating': float_or_none(extract_field(self._AVERAGE_RATING_REGEX, 'average rating')),
+            'categories': list(map(str.strip, (extract_field(self._CATEGORIES_REGEX, 'categories') or '').split(','))),
             'formats': formats,
         }
 
 
 class TNAFlixNetworkEmbedIE(TNAFlixNetworkBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://player\.(?:tna|emp)flix\.com/video/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://player\.(?P<host>tnaflix|empflix)\.com/video/(?P<id>\d+)'
     _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe[^>]+?src=(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?:)?//player\.(?:tna|emp)flix\.com/video/\d+)\1']
 
-    _TITLE_REGEX = r'<title>([^<]+)</title>'
-
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://player.tnaflix.com/video/6538',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '6538',
             'display_id': '6538',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Educational xxx video',
+            'title': 'Educational xxx video (G Spot)',
+            'description': 'md5:b4fab8f88a8621c8fabd361a173fe5b8',
             'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.jpg$',
             'age_limit': 18,
+            'duration': 164,
+            'uploader': 'bobwhite39',
+            'categories': list,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://player.empflix.com/video/33051',
+        'url': 'http://player.empflix.com/video/33051',
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
+        video_id, host = mobj.group('id', 'host')
+        return self.url_result(f'http://www.{host}.com/category/{video_id}/video{video_id}')
+
 
 class TNAEMPFlixBaseIE(TNAFlixNetworkBaseIE):
     _DESCRIPTION_REGEX = r'(?s)>Description:</[^>]+>(.+?)<'
@@ -201,7 +222,7 @@ class TNAEMPFlixBaseIE(TNAFlixNetworkBaseIE):
 
 
 class TNAFlixIE(TNAEMPFlixBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tnaflix\.com/[^/]+/(?P<display_id>[^/]+)/video(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<host>tnaflix)\.com/[^/]+/(?P<display_id>[^/]+)/video(?P<id>\d+)'
 
     _TITLE_REGEX = r'<title>(.+?) - (?:TNAFlix Porn Videos|TNAFlix\.com)</title>'
 
@@ -217,17 +238,17 @@ class TNAFlixIE(TNAEMPFlixBaseIE):
             'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.jpg$',
             'duration': 91,
             'age_limit': 18,
-            'categories': ['Porn Stars'],
+            'categories': list,
         }
     }, {
         # non-anonymous uploader, categories
         'url': 'https://www.tnaflix.com/teen-porn/Educational-xxx-video/video6538',
-        'md5': '0f5d4d490dbfd117b8607054248a07c0',
+        'md5': 'add5a9fa7f4da53d3e9d0845ac58f20c',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '6538',
             'display_id': 'Educational-xxx-video',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Educational xxx video',
+            'title': 'Educational xxx video (G Spot)',
             'description': 'md5:b4fab8f88a8621c8fabd361a173fe5b8',
             'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.jpg$',
             'duration': 164,
@@ -242,14 +263,11 @@ class TNAFlixIE(TNAEMPFlixBaseIE):
 
 
 class EMPFlixIE(TNAEMPFlixBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?empflix\.com/(?:videos/(?P<display_id>.+?)-|[^/]+/(?P<display_id_2>[^/]+)/video)(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
-
-    _HOST = 'emp'
-    _VKEY_SUFFIX = '-1'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<host>empflix)\.com/(?:videos/(?P<display_id>.+?)-|[^/]+/(?P<display_id_2>[^/]+)/video)(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
 
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.empflix.com/videos/Amateur-Finger-Fuck-33051.html',
-        'md5': 'bc30d48b91a7179448a0bda465114676',
+        'url': 'http://www.empflix.com/amateur-porn/Amateur-Finger-Fuck/video33051',
+        'md5': 'd761c7b26601bd14476cd9512f2654fc',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '33051',
             'display_id': 'Amateur-Finger-Fuck',
@@ -259,20 +277,20 @@ class EMPFlixIE(TNAEMPFlixBaseIE):
             'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.jpg$',
             'duration': 83,
             'age_limit': 18,
-            'uploader': 'cwbike',
-            'categories': ['Amateur', 'Anal', 'Fisting', 'Home made', 'Solo'],
+            'uploader': None,
+            'categories': list,
         }
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.empflix.com/videos/[AROMA][ARMD-718]-Aoi-Yoshino-Sawa-25826.html',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.empflix.com/amateur-porn/Amateur-Finger-Fuck/video33051',
+        'url': 'http://www.empflix.com/videos/Amateur-Finger-Fuck-33051.html',
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
 
 class MovieFapIE(TNAFlixNetworkBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?moviefap\.com/videos/(?P<id>[0-9a-f]+)/(?P<display_id>[^/]+)\.html'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<host>moviefap)\.com/videos/(?P<id>[0-9a-f]+)/(?P<display_id>[^/]+)\.html'
 
     _VIEW_COUNT_REGEX = r'<br>Views\s*<strong>([\d,.]+)</strong>'
     _COMMENT_COUNT_REGEX = r'<span[^>]+id="comCount"[^>]*>([\d,.]+)</span>'
@@ -314,5 +332,6 @@ class MovieFapIE(TNAFlixNetworkBaseIE):
             'comment_count': int,
             'average_rating': float,
             'categories': ['Amateur', 'Teen'],
-        }
+        },
+        'skip': 'This video does not exist',
     }]
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/toggle.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/toggle.py
index 51a51d84b9..70737337cf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/toggle.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/toggle.py
@@ -154,7 +154,6 @@ class ToggleIE(InfoExtractor):
                         and meta.get('Key') == 'Encryption' and meta.get('Value') == '1'):
                     self.report_drm(video_id)
             # Most likely because geo-blocked if no formats and no DRM
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for picture in info.get('Pictures', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tokentube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tokentube.py
index a30cabb3ce..d022e27533 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tokentube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tokentube.py
@@ -95,8 +95,6 @@ class TokentubeIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         description = remove_end(description, 'Category')
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/toutv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/toutv.py
index 349c0bded9..f60c199f0e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/toutv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/toutv.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class TouTvIE(RadioCanadaIE):
+class TouTvIE(RadioCanadaIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'toutv'
     IE_NAME = 'tou.tv'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://ici\.tou\.tv/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+(?:/S[0-9]+[EC][0-9]+)?)'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/triller.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/triller.py
index 2d633ca67d..acd9e68d25 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/triller.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/triller.py
@@ -114,7 +114,6 @@ class TrillerBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                 manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
                 m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         comment_count = int_or_none(video_info.get('comment_count'))
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/trovo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/trovo.py
index c8816f7bc2..545a67275a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/trovo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/trovo.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from ..utils import (
     format_field,
     int_or_none,
     str_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
     try_get,
 )
 
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ class TrovoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         resp = self._download_json(
             url, video_id, data=json.dumps([data]).encode(), headers={'Accept': 'application/json'},
             query={
-                'qid': ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits, k=10)),
+                'qid': ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits, k=16)),
             })[0]
         if 'errors' in resp:
             raise ExtractorError(f'Trovo said: {resp["errors"][0]["message"]}')
@@ -94,7 +95,6 @@ class TrovoIE(TrovoBaseIE):
                 'tbr': stream_info.get('bitrate'),
                 'http_headers': self._HEADERS,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         info = {
             'id': program_id,
@@ -146,7 +146,26 @@ class TrovoVodIE(TrovoBaseIE):
             'upload_date': '20220611',
             'comment_count': int,
             'categories': ['Minecraft'],
-        }
+        },
+        'skip': 'Not available',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://trovo.live/s/Trovo/549756886599?vid=ltv-100264059_100264059_387702304241698583',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'ltv-100264059_100264059_387702304241698583',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'timestamp': 1661479563,
+            'thumbnail': 'http://vod.trovo.live/be5ae591vodtransusw1301120758/cccb9915387702304241698583/coverBySnapshot/coverBySnapshot_10_0.jpg',
+            'uploader_id': '100264059',
+            'uploader': 'Trovo',
+            'title': 'Dev Corner 8/25',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://trovo.live/Trovo',
+            'duration': 3753,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'upload_date': '20220826',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'categories': ['Talk Shows'],
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://trovo.live/video/ltv-100095501_100095501_1609596043',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -162,22 +181,20 @@ class TrovoVodIE(TrovoBaseIE):
         # however that seems unreliable - sometimes it randomly doesn't return the data,
         # at least when using a non-residential IP.
         resp = self._call_api(vid, data={
-            'operationName': 'batchGetVodDetailInfo',
+            'operationName': 'vod_VodReaderService_BatchGetVodDetailInfo',
             'variables': {
                 'params': {
                     'vids': [vid],
                 },
             },
-            'extensions': {
-                'persistedQuery': {
-                    'version': 1,
-                    'sha256Hash': 'ceae0355d66476e21a1dd8e8af9f68de95b4019da2cda8b177c9a2255dad31d0',
-                },
-            },
+            'extensions': {},
         })
-        vod_detail_info = resp['VodDetailInfos'][vid]
-        vod_info = vod_detail_info['vodInfo']
-        title = vod_info['title']
+
+        vod_detail_info = traverse_obj(resp, ('VodDetailInfos', vid), expected_type=dict)
+        if not vod_detail_info:
+            raise ExtractorError('This video not found or not available anymore', expected=True)
+        vod_info = vod_detail_info.get('vodInfo')
+        title = vod_info.get('title')
 
         if try_get(vod_info, lambda x: x['playbackRights']['playbackRights'] != 'Normal'):
             playback_rights_setting = vod_info['playbackRights']['playbackRightsSetting']
@@ -204,7 +221,6 @@ class TrovoVodIE(TrovoBaseIE):
                 'url': play_url,
                 'http_headers': self._HEADERS,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         category = vod_info.get('categoryName')
         get_count = lambda x: int_or_none(vod_info.get(x + 'Num'))
@@ -228,7 +244,7 @@ class TrovoVodIE(TrovoBaseIE):
     def _get_comments(self, vid):
         for page in itertools.count(1):
             comments_json = self._call_api(vid, data={
-                'operationName': 'getCommentList',
+                'operationName': 'public_CommentProxyService_GetCommentList',
                 'variables': {
                     'params': {
                         'appInfo': {
@@ -240,10 +256,7 @@ class TrovoVodIE(TrovoBaseIE):
                     },
                 },
                 'extensions': {
-                    'persistedQuery': {
-                        'version': 1,
-                        'sha256Hash': 'be8e5f9522ddac7f7c604c0d284fd22481813263580849926c4c66fb767eed25',
-                    },
+                    'singleReq': 'true',
                 },
             })
             for comment in comments_json['commentList']:
@@ -266,33 +279,37 @@ class TrovoVodIE(TrovoBaseIE):
 
 
 class TrovoChannelBaseIE(TrovoBaseIE):
-    def _get_vod_json(self, page, uid):
-        raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
-
-    def _entries(self, uid):
+    def _entries(self, spacename):
         for page in itertools.count(1):
-            vod_json = self._get_vod_json(page, uid)
+            vod_json = self._call_api(spacename, data={
+                'operationName': self._OPERATION,
+                'variables': {
+                    'params': {
+                        'terminalSpaceID': {
+                            'spaceName': spacename,
+                        },
+                        'currPage': page,
+                        'pageSize': 99,
+                    },
+                },
+                'extensions': {
+                    'singleReq': 'true',
+                },
+            })
             vods = vod_json.get('vodInfos', [])
             for vod in vods:
+                vid = vod.get('vid')
+                room = traverse_obj(vod, ('spaceInfo', 'roomID'))
                 yield self.url_result(
-                    'https://trovo.live/%s/%s' % (self._TYPE, vod.get('vid')),
+                    f'https://trovo.live/s/{spacename}/{room}?vid={vid}',
                     ie=TrovoVodIE.ie_key())
-            has_more = vod_json['hasMore']
+            has_more = vod_json.get('hasMore')
             if not has_more:
                 break
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        id = self._match_id(url)
-        live_info = self._call_api(id, data={
-            'operationName': 'live_LiveReaderService_GetLiveInfo',
-            'variables': {
-                'params': {
-                    'userName': id,
-                },
-            },
-        })
-        uid = str(live_info['streamerInfo']['uid'])
-        return self.playlist_result(self._entries(uid), playlist_id=uid)
+        spacename = self._match_id(url)
+        return self.playlist_result(self._entries(spacename), playlist_id=spacename)
 
 
 class TrovoChannelVodIE(TrovoChannelBaseIE):
@@ -303,29 +320,11 @@ class TrovoChannelVodIE(TrovoChannelBaseIE):
         'url': 'trovovod:OneTappedYou',
         'playlist_mincount': 24,
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '100719456',
+            'id': 'OneTappedYou',
         },
     }]
 
-    _TYPE = 'video'
-
-    def _get_vod_json(self, page, uid):
-        return self._call_api(uid, data={
-            'operationName': 'getChannelLtvVideoInfos',
-            'variables': {
-                'params': {
-                    'channelID': int(uid),
-                    'pageSize': 99,
-                    'currPage': page,
-                },
-            },
-            'extensions': {
-                'persistedQuery': {
-                    'version': 1,
-                    'sha256Hash': '78fe32792005eab7e922cafcdad9c56bed8bbc5f5df3c7cd24fcb84a744f5f78',
-                },
-            },
-        })
+    _OPERATION = 'vod_VodReaderService_GetChannelLtvVideoInfos'
 
 
 class TrovoChannelClipIE(TrovoChannelBaseIE):
@@ -336,26 +335,8 @@ class TrovoChannelClipIE(TrovoChannelBaseIE):
         'url': 'trovoclip:OneTappedYou',
         'playlist_mincount': 29,
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '100719456',
+            'id': 'OneTappedYou',
         },
     }]
 
-    _TYPE = 'clip'
-
-    def _get_vod_json(self, page, uid):
-        return self._call_api(uid, data={
-            'operationName': 'getChannelClipVideoInfos',
-            'variables': {
-                'params': {
-                    'channelID': int(uid),
-                    'pageSize': 99,
-                    'currPage': page,
-                },
-            },
-            'extensions': {
-                'persistedQuery': {
-                    'version': 1,
-                    'sha256Hash': 'e7924bfe20059b5c75fc8ff9e7929f43635681a7bdf3befa01072ed22c8eff31',
-                },
-            },
-        })
+    _OPERATION = 'vod_VodReaderService_GetChannelClipVideoInfos'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/trtcocuk.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/trtcocuk.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f27f5a1e36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/trtcocuk.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import ExtractorError, int_or_none, parse_iso8601, traverse_obj
+
+
+class TrtCocukVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.trtcocuk\.net\.tr/video/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.trtcocuk.net.tr/video/kaptan-pengu-ve-arkadaslari-1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3789738',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'season_number': 1,
+            'series': '"Kaptan Pengu ve Arkadaşları"',
+            'season': 'Season 1',
+            'title': 'Kaptan Pengu ve Arkadaşları 1 Bölüm İzle TRT Çocuk',
+            'release_date': '20201209',
+            'release_timestamp': 1607513774,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.trtcocuk.net.tr/video/sef-rokanin-lezzet-dunyasi-17',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '10260842',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'series': '"Şef Roka\'nın Lezzet Dünyası"',
+            'title': 'Şef Roka\'nın Lezzet Dünyası 17 Bölüm İzle TRT Çocuk',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        nuxtjs_data = self._search_nuxt_data(webpage, display_id)['data']
+
+        try:
+            video_url = self._parse_json(nuxtjs_data['video'], display_id)
+        except ExtractorError:
+            video_url = nuxtjs_data['video']
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(video_url, display_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': str(nuxtjs_data['id']),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'season_number': int_or_none(nuxtjs_data.get('season')),
+            'release_timestamp': parse_iso8601(nuxtjs_data.get('publishedDate')),
+            'series': traverse_obj(nuxtjs_data, ('show', 0, 'title')),
+            'title': self._html_extract_title(webpage)  # TODO: get better title
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tube8.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tube8.py
index b092ecad5a..77ed05ffda 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tube8.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tube8.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 from .keezmovies import KeezMoviesIE
 
 
-class Tube8IE(KeezMoviesIE):
+class Tube8IE(KeezMoviesIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tube8\.com/(?:[^/]+/)+(?P<display_id>[^/]+)/(?P<id>\d+)'
     _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe[^>]+\bsrc=["\'](?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?tube8\.com/embed/(?:[^/]+/)+\d+)']
     _TESTS = [{
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tubetugraz.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tubetugraz.py
index 89371b6eb7..2199fea19a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tubetugraz.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tubetugraz.py
@@ -21,23 +21,41 @@ class TubeTuGrazBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not urlh:
             return
 
-        urlh = self._request_webpage(
+        content, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(
             urlh.geturl(), None, fatal=False, headers={'referer': urlh.geturl()},
-            note='logging in', errnote='unable to log in', data=urlencode_postdata({
+            note='logging in', errnote='unable to log in',
+            data=urlencode_postdata({
                 'lang': 'de',
                 '_eventId_proceed': '',
                 'j_username': username,
                 'j_password': password
             }))
+        if not urlh or urlh.geturl() == 'https://tube.tugraz.at/paella/ui/index.html':
+            return
 
-        if urlh and urlh.geturl() != 'https://tube.tugraz.at/paella/ui/index.html':
+        if not self._html_search_regex(
+                r'<p\b[^>]*>(Bitte geben Sie einen OTP-Wert ein:)</p>',
+                content, 'TFA prompt', default=None):
             self.report_warning('unable to login: incorrect password')
+            return
+
+        content, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(
+            urlh.geturl(), None, fatal=False, headers={'referer': urlh.geturl()},
+            note='logging in with TFA', errnote='unable to log in with TFA',
+            data=urlencode_postdata({
+                'lang': 'de',
+                '_eventId_proceed': '',
+                'j_tokenNumber': self._get_tfa_info(),
+            }))
+        if not urlh or urlh.geturl() == 'https://tube.tugraz.at/paella/ui/index.html':
+            return
+
+        self.report_warning('unable to login: incorrect TFA code')
 
     def _extract_episode(self, episode_info):
         id = episode_info.get('id')
         formats = list(self._extract_formats(
             traverse_obj(episode_info, ('mediapackage', 'media', 'track')), id))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = traverse_obj(episode_info, ('mediapackage', 'title'), 'dcTitle')
         series_title = traverse_obj(episode_info, ('mediapackage', 'seriestitle'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tubitv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tubitv.py
index d91a46500c..de8b5da697 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tubitv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tubitv.py
@@ -22,6 +22,19 @@ class TubiTvIE(InfoExtractor):
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'tubitv'
     _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['US']
     _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://tubitv.com/movies/383676/tracker',
+        'md5': '566fa0f76870302d11af0de89511d3f0',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '383676',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Tracker',
+            'description': 'md5:ff320baf43d0ad2655e538c1d5cd9706',
+            'uploader_id': 'f866e2677ea2f0dff719788e4f7f9195',
+            'release_year': 2010,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.(jpe?g|png)$',
+            'duration': 6122,
+        },
+    }, {
         'url': 'http://tubitv.com/video/283829/the_comedian_at_the_friday',
         'md5': '43ac06be9326f41912dc64ccf7a80320',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -31,12 +44,10 @@ class TubiTvIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': 'A stand up comedian is forced to look at the decisions in his life while on a one week trip to the west coast.',
             'uploader_id': 'bc168bee0d18dd1cb3b86c68706ab434',
         },
+        'skip': 'Content Unavailable'
     }, {
         'url': 'http://tubitv.com/tv-shows/321886/s01_e01_on_nom_stories',
         'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://tubitv.com/movies/383676/tracker',
-        'only_matching': True,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://tubitv.com/movies/560057/penitentiary?start=true',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -47,11 +58,13 @@ class TubiTvIE(InfoExtractor):
             'uploader_id': 'd8fed30d4f24fcb22ec294421b9defc2',
             'release_year': 1979,
         },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
+        'skip': 'Content Unavailable'
     }]
 
+    # DRM formats are included only to raise appropriate error
+    _UNPLAYABLE_FORMATS = ('hlsv6_widevine', 'hlsv6_widevine_nonclearlead', 'hlsv6_playready_psshv0',
+                           'hlsv6_fairplay', 'dash_widevine', 'dash_widevine_nonclearlead')
+
     def _perform_login(self, username, password):
         self.report_login()
         form_data = {
@@ -69,19 +82,26 @@ class TubiTvIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        video_data = self._download_json(
-            'https://tubitv.com/oz/videos/%s/content?video_resources=dash&video_resources=hlsv3&video_resources=hlsv6' % video_id, video_id)
+        video_data = self._download_json(f'https://tubitv.com/oz/videos/{video_id}/content', video_id, query={
+            'video_resources': ['dash', 'hlsv3', 'hlsv6', *self._UNPLAYABLE_FORMATS],
+        })
         title = video_data['title']
 
         formats = []
+        drm_formats = False
 
         for resource in video_data['video_resources']:
             if resource['type'] in ('dash', ):
                 formats += self._extract_mpd_formats(resource['manifest']['url'], video_id, mpd_id=resource['type'], fatal=False)
             elif resource['type'] in ('hlsv3', 'hlsv6'):
                 formats += self._extract_m3u8_formats(resource['manifest']['url'], video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id=resource['type'], fatal=False)
+            elif resource['type'] in self._UNPLAYABLE_FORMATS:
+                drm_formats = True
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        if not formats and drm_formats:
+            self.report_drm(video_id)
+        elif not formats and not video_data.get('policy_match'):  # policy_match is False if content was removed
+            raise ExtractorError('This content is currently unavailable', expected=True)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for thumbnail_url in video_data.get('thumbnails', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tumblr.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tumblr.py
index 5d66151002..88d4ae32de 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tumblr.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tumblr.py
@@ -358,7 +358,6 @@ class TumblrIE(InfoExtractor):
             'height': int_or_none(
                 media_json.get('height') or self._og_search_property('video:height', webpage, default=None)),
         }]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         # the url we're extracting from might be an original post or it might be a reblog.
         # if it's a reblog, og:description will be the reblogger's comment, not the uploader's.
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tunein.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tunein.py
index f163eaf095..e02121bd8b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tunein.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tunein.py
@@ -1,150 +1,201 @@
-import re
+import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import ExtractorError
-from ..compat import compat_urlparse
+from ..utils import (
+    OnDemandPagedList,
+    determine_ext,
+    parse_iso8601,
+    traverse_obj,
+)
 
 
 class TuneInBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _API_BASE_URL = 'http://tunein.com/tuner/tune/'
+    _VALID_URL_BASE = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tunein\.com'
 
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        content_id = self._match_id(url)
-
-        content_info = self._download_json(
-            self._API_BASE_URL + self._API_URL_QUERY % content_id,
-            content_id, note='Downloading JSON metadata')
-
-        title = content_info['Title']
-        thumbnail = content_info.get('Logo')
-        location = content_info.get('Location')
-        streams_url = content_info.get('StreamUrl')
-        if not streams_url:
-            raise ExtractorError('No downloadable streams found', expected=True)
-        if not streams_url.startswith('http://'):
-            streams_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, streams_url)
+    def _extract_metadata(self, webpage, content_id):
+        return self._search_json(r'window.INITIAL_STATE=', webpage, 'hydration', content_id, fatal=False)
 
+    def _extract_formats_and_subtitles(self, content_id):
         streams = self._download_json(
-            streams_url, content_id, note='Downloading stream data',
-            transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^\s*\((.*)\);\s*$', r'\1', s))['Streams']
+            f'https://opml.radiotime.com/Tune.ashx?render=json&formats=mp3,aac,ogg,flash,hls&id={content_id}',
+            content_id)['body']
 
-        is_live = None
-        formats = []
+        formats, subtitles = [], {}
         for stream in streams:
-            if stream.get('Type') == 'Live':
-                is_live = True
-            reliability = stream.get('Reliability')
-            format_note = (
-                'Reliability: %d%%' % reliability
-                if reliability is not None else None)
-            formats.append({
-                'preference': (
-                    0 if reliability is None or reliability > 90
-                    else 1),
-                'abr': stream.get('Bandwidth'),
-                'ext': stream.get('MediaType').lower(),
-                'acodec': stream.get('MediaType'),
-                'vcodec': 'none',
-                'url': stream.get('Url'),
-                'source_preference': reliability,
-                'format_note': format_note,
-            })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+            if stream.get('media_type') == 'hls':
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(stream['url'], content_id, fatal=False)
+                formats.extend(fmts)
+                self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+            elif determine_ext(stream['url']) == 'pls':
+                playlist_content = self._download_webpage(stream['url'], content_id)
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': self._search_regex(r'File1=(.*)', playlist_content, 'url', fatal=False),
+                    'abr': stream.get('bitrate'),
+                    'ext': stream.get('media_type'),
+                })
+            else:
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': stream['url'],
+                    'abr': stream.get('bitrate'),
+                    'ext': stream.get('media_type'),
+                })
 
-        return {
-            'id': content_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'formats': formats,
-            'thumbnail': thumbnail,
-            'location': location,
-            'is_live': is_live,
-        }
-
-
-class TuneInClipIE(TuneInBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'tunein:clip'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tunein\.com/station/.*?audioClipId\=(?P<id>\d+)'
-    _API_URL_QUERY = '?tuneType=AudioClip&audioclipId=%s'
-
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://tunein.com/station/?stationId=246119&audioClipId=816',
-        'md5': '99f00d772db70efc804385c6b47f4e77',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '816',
-            'title': '32m',
-            'ext': 'mp3',
-        },
-    }]
+        return formats, subtitles
 
 
 class TuneInStationIE(TuneInBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'tunein:station'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tunein\.com/(?:radio/.*?-s|station/.*?StationId=|embed/player/s)(?P<id>\d+)'
-    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe[^>]+src=["\'](?P<url>(?:https?://)?tunein\.com/embed/player/[pst]\d+)']
-    _API_URL_QUERY = '?tuneType=Station&stationId=%s'
-
-    @classmethod
-    def suitable(cls, url):
-        return False if TuneInClipIE.suitable(url) else super(TuneInStationIE, cls).suitable(url)
+    _VALID_URL = TuneInBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE + r'(?:/radio/[^?#]+-|/embed/player/)(?P<id>s\d+)'
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe[^>]+src=["\'](?P<url>(?:https?://)?tunein\.com/embed/player/s\d+)']
 
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://tunein.com/radio/Jazz24-885-s34682/',
+        'url': 'https://tunein.com/radio/Jazz24-885-s34682/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '34682',
-            'title': 'Jazz 24 on 88.5 Jazz24 - KPLU-HD2',
+            'id': 's34682',
+            'title': 're:^Jazz24',
+            'description': 'md5:d6d0b89063fd68d529fa7058ee98619b',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://[^?&]+/s34682',
+            'location': 'Seattle-Tacoma, US',
             'ext': 'mp3',
-            'location': 'Tacoma, WA',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
         },
         'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,  # live stream
+            'skip_download': True,
         },
     }, {
-        'url': 'http://tunein.com/embed/player/s6404/',
+        'url': 'https://tunein.com/embed/player/s6404/',
         'only_matching': True,
-    }]
-
-
-class TuneInProgramIE(TuneInBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'tunein:program'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tunein\.com/(?:radio/.*?-p|program/.*?ProgramId=|embed/player/p)(?P<id>\d+)'
-    _API_URL_QUERY = '?tuneType=Program&programId=%s'
-
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://tunein.com/radio/Jazz-24-p2506/',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-Radio-1-988-s24939/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '2506',
-            'title': 'Jazz 24 on 91.3 WUKY-HD3',
+            'id': 's24939',
+            'title': 're:^BBC Radio 1',
+            'description': 'md5:f3f75f7423398d87119043c26e7bfb84',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://[^?&]+/s24939',
+            'location': 'London, UK',
             'ext': 'mp3',
-            'location': 'Lexington, KY',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
         },
         'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,  # live stream
+            'skip_download': True,
         },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://tunein.com/embed/player/p191660/',
-        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        station_id = self._match_id(url)
 
-class TuneInTopicIE(TuneInBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'tunein:topic'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tunein\.com/(?:topic/.*?TopicId=|embed/player/t)(?P<id>\d+)'
-    _API_URL_QUERY = '?tuneType=Topic&topicId=%s'
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, station_id)
+        metadata = self._extract_metadata(webpage, station_id)
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_formats_and_subtitles(station_id)
+        return {
+            'id': station_id,
+            'title': traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', station_id, 'title')),
+            'description': traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', station_id, 'description')),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', station_id, 'image')),
+            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(
+                traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', station_id, 'actions', 'play', 'publishTime'))),
+            'location': traverse_obj(
+                metadata, ('profiles', station_id, 'metadata', 'properties', 'location', 'displayName'),
+                ('profiles', station_id, 'properties', 'location', 'displayName')),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'is_live': traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', station_id, 'actions', 'play', 'isLive')),
+        }
+
+
+class TuneInPodcastIE(TuneInBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = TuneInBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE + r'/(?:podcasts/[^?#]+-|embed/player/)(?P<id>p\d+)/?(?:#|$)'
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe[^>]+src=["\'](?P<url>(?:https?://)?tunein\.com/embed/player/p\d+)']
 
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://tunein.com/topic/?TopicId=101830576',
-        'md5': 'c31a39e6f988d188252eae7af0ef09c9',
+        'url': 'https://tunein.com/podcasts/Technology-Podcasts/Artificial-Intelligence-p1153019',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '101830576',
-            'title': 'Votez pour moi du 29 octobre 2015 (29/10/15)',
-            'ext': 'mp3',
-            'location': 'Belgium',
+            'id': 'p1153019',
+            'title': 'Lex Fridman Podcast',
+            'description': 'md5:bedc4e5f1c94f7dec6e4317b5654b00d',
         },
+        'playlist_mincount': 200,
     }, {
-        'url': 'http://tunein.com/embed/player/t101830576/',
-        'only_matching': True,
+        'url': 'https://tunein.com/embed/player/p191660/',
+        'only_matching': True
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://tunein.com/podcasts/World-News/BBC-News-p14/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'p14',
+            'title': 'BBC News',
+            'description': 'md5:1218e575eeaff75f48ed978261fa2068',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 200,
     }]
 
+    _PAGE_SIZE = 30
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        podcast_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, podcast_id, fatal=False)
+        metadata = self._extract_metadata(webpage, podcast_id)
+
+        def page_func(page_num):
+            api_response = self._download_json(
+                f'https://api.tunein.com/profiles/{podcast_id}/contents', podcast_id,
+                note=f'Downloading page {page_num + 1}', query={
+                    'filter': 't:free',
+                    'offset': page_num * self._PAGE_SIZE,
+                    'limit': self._PAGE_SIZE,
+                })
+
+            return [
+                self.url_result(
+                    f'https://tunein.com/podcasts/{podcast_id}?topicId={episode["GuideId"][1:]}',
+                    TuneInPodcastEpisodeIE, title=episode.get('Title'))
+                for episode in api_response['Items']]
+
+        entries = OnDemandPagedList(page_func, self._PAGE_SIZE)
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            entries, playlist_id=podcast_id, title=traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', podcast_id, 'title')),
+            description=traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', podcast_id, 'description')))
+
+
+class TuneInPodcastEpisodeIE(TuneInBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = TuneInBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE + r'/podcasts/(?:[^?&]+-)?(?P<podcast_id>p\d+)/?\?topicId=(?P<id>\w\d+)'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://tunein.com/podcasts/Technology-Podcasts/Artificial-Intelligence-p1153019/?topicId=236404354',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 't236404354',
+            'title': '#351 \u2013 MrBeast: Future of YouTube, Twitter, TikTok, and Instagram',
+            'description': 'md5:e1734db6f525e472c0c290d124a2ad77',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://[^?&]+/p1153019',
+            'timestamp': 1673458571,
+            'upload_date': '20230111',
+            'series_id': 'p1153019',
+            'series': 'Lex Fridman Podcast',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        podcast_id, episode_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('podcast_id', 'id')
+        episode_id = f't{episode_id}'
+
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, episode_id)
+        metadata = self._extract_metadata(webpage, episode_id)
+
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_formats_and_subtitles(episode_id)
+        return {
+            'id': episode_id,
+            'title': traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', episode_id, 'title')),
+            'description': traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', episode_id, 'description')),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', episode_id, 'image')),
+            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(
+                traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', episode_id, 'actions', 'play', 'publishTime'))),
+            'series_id': podcast_id,
+            'series': traverse_obj(metadata, ('profiles', podcast_id, 'title')),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+        }
+
 
 class TuneInShortenerIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'tunein:shortener'
@@ -155,10 +206,13 @@ class TuneInShortenerIE(InfoExtractor):
         # test redirection
         'url': 'http://tun.in/ser7s',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '34682',
-            'title': 'Jazz 24 on 88.5 Jazz24 - KPLU-HD2',
+            'id': 's34682',
+            'title': 're:^Jazz24',
+            'description': 'md5:d6d0b89063fd68d529fa7058ee98619b',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://[^?&]+/s34682',
+            'location': 'Seattle-Tacoma, US',
             'ext': 'mp3',
-            'location': 'Tacoma, WA',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,  # live stream
@@ -170,6 +224,11 @@ class TuneInShortenerIE(InfoExtractor):
         # The server doesn't support HEAD requests
         urlh = self._request_webpage(
             url, redirect_id, note='Downloading redirect page')
+
         url = urlh.geturl()
+        url_parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+        if url_parsed.port == 443:
+            url = url_parsed._replace(netloc=url_parsed.hostname).geturl()
+
         self.to_screen('Following redirect: %s' % url)
         return self.url_result(url)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tunepk.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tunepk.py
index 2973d15ec5..e4e507b004 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tunepk.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tunepk.py
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ class TunePkIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         formats = self._parse_jwplayer_formats(
             details['player']['sources'], video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = self._og_search_description(
             webpage, default=None) or self._html_search_meta(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/turbo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/turbo.py
index e3f8941c44..cdb7dcff85 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/turbo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/turbo.py
@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ class TurboIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': child.text,
                     'quality': get_quality(quality),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/turner.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/turner.py
index fae8b51e76..630d84bdc3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/turner.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/turner.py
@@ -174,7 +174,6 @@ class TurnerBaseIE(AdobePassIE):
                             else:
                                 f['tbr'] = int(mobj.group(1))
                 formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         for source in video_data.findall('closedCaptions/source'):
             for track in source.findall('track'):
@@ -249,7 +248,6 @@ class TurnerBaseIE(AdobePassIE):
                         'start_time': start_time,
                         'end_time': start_time + chapter_duration,
                     })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2.py
index 391baa6c5e..c51e633712 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2.py
@@ -16,23 +16,27 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 
 class TV2IE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tv2\.no/v\d*/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tv2\.no/v(?:ideo)?\d*/(?:[^?#]+/)*(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.tv2.no/v/916509/',
+        'url': 'http://www.tv2.no/v/1791207/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '916509',
+            'id': '1791207',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Se Frode Gryttens hyllest av Steven Gerrard',
-            'description': 'TV 2 Sportens huspoet tar avskjed med Liverpools kaptein Steven Gerrard.',
-            'timestamp': 1431715610,
-            'upload_date': '20150515',
-            'duration': 157,
+            'title': 'Her kolliderer romsonden med asteroiden ',
+            'description': 'En romsonde har krasjet inn i en asteroide i verdensrommet. Kollisjonen skjedde klokken 01:14 natt til tirsdag 27. september norsk tid. \n\nNasa kaller det sitt første forsøk på planetforsvar.',
+            'timestamp': 1664238190,
+            'upload_date': '20220927',
+            'duration': 146,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https://.*$',
             'view_count': int,
             'categories': list,
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.tv2.no/v2/916509',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.tv2.no/video/nyhetene/her-kolliderer-romsonden-med-asteroiden/1791207/',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
     _PROTOCOLS = ('HLS', 'DASH')
     _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['NO']
@@ -91,7 +95,6 @@ class TV2IE(InfoExtractor):
                     })
         if not formats and data.get('drmProtected'):
             self.report_drm(video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = [{
             'id': type,
@@ -114,13 +117,13 @@ class TV2IE(InfoExtractor):
 
 
 class TV2ArticleIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tv2\.no/(?:a|\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}(/[^/]+)+)/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tv2\.no/(?!v(?:ideo)?\d*/)[^?#]+/(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.tv2.no/2015/05/16/nyheter/alesund/krim/pingvin/6930542',
+        'url': 'https://www.tv2.no/underholdning/forraeder/katarina-flatland-angrer-etter-forraeder-exit/15095188/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '6930542',
-            'title': 'Russen hetses etter pingvintyveri - innrømmer å ha åpnet luken på buret',
-            'description': 'De fire siktede nekter fortsatt for å ha stjålet pingvinbabyene, men innrømmer å ha åpnet luken til de små kyllingene.',
+            'id': '15095188',
+            'title': 'Katarina Flatland angrer etter Forræder-exit',
+            'description': 'SANDEFJORD (TV 2): Katarina Flatland (33) måtte følge i sine fars fotspor, da hun ble forvist fra Forræder.',
         },
         'playlist_count': 2,
     }, {
@@ -138,7 +141,7 @@ class TV2ArticleIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         if not assets:
             # New embed pattern
-            for v in re.findall(r'(?s)TV2ContentboxVideo\(({.+?})\)', webpage):
+            for v in re.findall(r'(?s)(?:TV2ContentboxVideo|TV2\.TV2Video)\(({.+?})\)', webpage):
                 video = self._parse_json(
                     v, playlist_id, transform_source=js_to_json, fatal=False)
                 if not video:
@@ -254,7 +257,6 @@ class KatsomoIE(InfoExtractor):
                     })
         if not formats and data.get('drmProtected'):
             self.report_drm(video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = [{
             'id': thumbnail.get('@type'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv24ua.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv24ua.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..89905acdb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv24ua.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import re
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import determine_ext, js_to_json, mimetype2ext, traverse_obj
+
+
+class TV24UAVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://24tv\.ua/news/showPlayer\.do.*?(?:\?|&)objectId=(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [rf'<iframe[^>]+?src=["\']?(?P<url>{_VALID_URL})["\']?']
+    IE_NAME = '24tv.ua'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://24tv.ua/news/showPlayer.do?objectId=2074790&videoUrl=2022/07/2074790&w=640&h=360',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2074790',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'У Харкові ворожа ракета прилетіла в будинок, де слухали пісні про "офіцерів-росіян"',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpe?g',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://24tv.ua/news/showPlayer.do?videoUrl=2022/07/2074790&objectId=2074790&w=640&h=360',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [
+        {
+            # iframe embed created from share menu.
+            'url': 'data:text/html,%3Ciframe%20src=%22https://24tv.ua/news/showPlayer.do?objectId=1886193&videoUrl'
+                   '=2022/03/1886193&w=640&h=360%22%20width=%22640%22%20height=%22360%22%20frameborder=%220%22'
+                   '%20scrolling=%22no%22%3E%3C/iframe%3E',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '1886193',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Росіяни руйнують Бородянку на Київщині та стріляють з літаків по мешканцях: шокуючі фото',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpe?g',
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://24tv.ua/vipalyuyut-nashi-mista-sela-dsns-pokazali-motoroshni-naslidki_n1883966',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '1883966',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Випалюють наші міста та села, – моторошні наслідки обстрілів на Чернігівщині',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpe?g',
+            },
+            'params': {'allowed_extractors': ['Generic', '24tv.ua']},
+        }
+    ]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        formats = []
+        subtitles = {}
+        for j in re.findall(r'vPlayConfig\.sources\s*=\s*(?P<json>\[{\s*(?s:.+?)\s*}])', webpage):
+            sources = self._parse_json(j, video_id, fatal=False, ignore_extra=True, transform_source=js_to_json, errnote='') or []
+            for source in sources:
+                if mimetype2ext(traverse_obj(source, 'type')) == 'm3u8':
+                    f, s = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(source['src'], video_id)
+                    formats.extend(f)
+                    self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, s)
+                else:
+                    formats.append({
+                        'url': source['src'],
+                        'ext': determine_ext(source['src']),
+                    })
+        thumbnail = traverse_obj(
+            self._search_json(
+                r'var\s*vPlayConfig\s*=\s*', webpage, 'thumbnail',
+                video_id, default=None, transform_source=js_to_json), 'poster')
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'thumbnail': thumbnail or self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage),
+            'title': self._generic_title('', webpage),
+            'description': self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2dk.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2dk.py
index 0af2863126..35e92f10c4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2dk.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2dk.py
@@ -164,7 +164,6 @@ class TV2DKBornholmPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.append({
                     'url': src,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2hu.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2hu.py
index 6ac07716ba..d4c21c046e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2hu.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv2hu.py
@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@ class TV2HuIE(InfoExtractor):
         video_json = self._download_json(video_json_url, video_id)
         m3u8_url = self._proto_relative_url(traverse_obj(video_json, ('bitrates', 'hls')))
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(m3u8_url, video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv4.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv4.py
index e8cdd5c8cb..1378a6f574 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv4.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv4.py
@@ -119,8 +119,6 @@ class TV4IE(InfoExtractor):
         if not formats and info.get('is_geo_restricted'):
             self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=self._GEO_COUNTRIES, metadata_available=True)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv5mondeplus.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv5mondeplus.py
index d449cdc042..bd0be784d2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tv5mondeplus.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tv5mondeplus.py
@@ -77,7 +77,6 @@ class TV5MondePlusIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': v_url,
                     'format_id': video_format,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         metadata = self._parse_json(
             vpl_data['data-metadata'], display_id)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvc.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvc.py
index 1ef64caf9a..caa76ab6f2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvc.py
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ class TVCIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': int_or_none(info.get('height')),
                 'tbr': int_or_none(info.get('bitrate')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvigle.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvigle.py
index 9a7cb7214c..6c982193d5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvigle.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvigle.py
@@ -120,7 +120,6 @@ class TvigleIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'height': int_or_none(height),
                         'filesize': filesize,
                     })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tviplayer.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tviplayer.py
index f60cfb050e..7e9b04d55b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tviplayer.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tviplayer.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class TVIPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
         json_data = self._search_json(
-            r'<script>\s*jsonData\s*=\s*', webpage, 'json_data', video_id)
+            r'<script>\s*jsonData\s*=', webpage, 'json_data', video_id)
 
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
             f'{json_data["videoUrl"]}?wmsAuthSign={self.wms_auth_sign_token}',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvn24.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvn24.py
index 22b6058231..9c777c17d8 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvn24.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvn24.py
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ class TVN24IE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': format_id,
                 'height': int_or_none(format_id.rstrip('p')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None)
         thumbnail = self._og_search_thumbnail(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvnet.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvnet.py
index 5820bb4a7b..77426f7e68 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvnet.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvnet.py
@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ class TVNetIE(InfoExtractor):
             stream_urls.add(stream_url)
             formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                 stream_url, video_id, 'mp4', live=is_live, m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         # better support for radio streams
         if title.startswith('VOV'):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvnow.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvnow.py
index 4aa558d839..0acc306df2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvnow.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvnow.py
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@ class TVNowBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             if not info.get('free', True):
                 raise ExtractorError(
                     'Video %s is not available for free' % video_id, expected=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = info.get('articleLong') or info.get('articleShort')
         timestamp = parse_iso8601(info.get('broadcastStartDate'), ' ')
@@ -392,7 +391,6 @@ class TVNowIE(TVNowNewBaseIE):
             if not info.get('free', True):
                 raise ExtractorError(
                     'Video %s is not available for free' % video_id, expected=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = source.get('description')
         thumbnail = url_or_none(source.get('poster'))
@@ -426,7 +424,7 @@ class TVNowIE(TVNowNewBaseIE):
         return self._extract_video(info, video_id, display_id)
 
 
-class TVNowFilmIE(TVNowIE):
+class TVNowFilmIE(TVNowIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
                     (?P<base_url>https?://
                         (?:www\.)?tvnow\.(?:de|at|ch)/
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvopengr.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvopengr.py
index d8be12c964..e208e57f2f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvopengr.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvopengr.py
@@ -69,7 +69,6 @@ class TVOpenGrWatchIE(TVOpenGrBaseIE):
                 continue
             formats.extend(formats_)
             self._merge_subtitles(subs_, target=subs)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats, subs
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvp.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvp.py
index f1bc0fbba4..f8ded26463 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvp.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvp.py
@@ -4,40 +4,51 @@ import re
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
+    clean_html,
     determine_ext,
     dict_get,
     ExtractorError,
     int_or_none,
     js_to_json,
-    orderedSet,
     str_or_none,
+    strip_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
     try_get,
+    url_or_none,
 )
 
 
 class TVPIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'tvp'
     IE_DESC = 'Telewizja Polska'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:[^/]+\.)?(?:tvp(?:parlament)?\.(?:pl|info)|polandin\.com)/(?:video/(?:[^,\s]*,)*|(?:(?!\d+/)[^/]+/)*)(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:[^/]+\.)?(?:tvp(?:parlament)?\.(?:pl|info)|tvpworld\.com|swipeto\.pl)/(?:(?!\d+/)[^/]+/)*(?P<id>\d+)'
 
     _TESTS = [{
         # TVPlayer 2 in js wrapper
-        'url': 'https://vod.tvp.pl/video/czas-honoru,i-seria-odc-13,194536',
+        'url': 'https://swipeto.pl/64095316/uliczny-foxtrot-wypozyczalnia-kaset-kto-pamieta-dvdvideo',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '194536',
+            'id': '64095316',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Czas honoru, odc. 13 – Władek',
-            'description': 'md5:437f48b93558370b031740546b696e24',
-            'age_limit': 12,
+            'title': 'Uliczny Foxtrot — Wypożyczalnia kaset. Kto pamięta DVD-Video?',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'duration': 374,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+',
         },
+        'expected_warnings': [
+            'Failed to download ISM manifest: HTTP Error 404: Not Found',
+            'Failed to download m3u8 information: HTTP Error 404: Not Found',
+        ],
     }, {
         # TVPlayer legacy
-        'url': 'http://www.tvp.pl/there-can-be-anything-so-i-shortened-it/17916176',
+        'url': 'https://www.tvp.pl/polska-press-video-uploader/wideo/62042351',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '17916176',
+            'id': '62042351',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'TVP Gorzów pokaże filmy studentów z podroży dookoła świata',
-            'description': 'TVP Gorzów pokaże filmy studentów z podroży dookoła świata',
+            'title': 'Wideo',
+            'description': 'Wideo Kamera',
+            'duration': 24,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+',
         },
     }, {
         # TVPlayer 2 in iframe
@@ -48,6 +59,8 @@ class TVPIE(InfoExtractor):
             'title': 'Dzieci na sprzedaż dla homoseksualistów',
             'description': 'md5:7d318eef04e55ddd9f87a8488ac7d590',
             'age_limit': 12,
+            'duration': 259,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+',
         },
     }, {
         # TVPlayer 2 in client-side rendered website (regional; window.__newsData)
@@ -58,7 +71,11 @@ class TVPIE(InfoExtractor):
             'title': 'Studio Yayo',
             'upload_date': '20160616',
             'timestamp': 1466075700,
-        }
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'duration': 20,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+',
+        },
+        'skip': 'Geo-blocked outside PL',
     }, {
         # TVPlayer 2 in client-side rendered website (tvp.info; window.__videoData)
         'url': 'https://www.tvp.info/52880236/09042021-0800',
@@ -66,7 +83,10 @@ class TVPIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '52880236',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': '09.04.2021, 08:00',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+',
         },
+        'skip': 'Geo-blocked outside PL',
     }, {
         # client-side rendered (regional) program (playlist) page
         'url': 'https://opole.tvp.pl/9660819/rozmowa-dnia',
@@ -122,7 +142,7 @@ class TVPIE(InfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://www.tvpparlament.pl/retransmisje-vod/inne/wizyta-premiera-mateusza-morawieckiego-w-firmie-berotu-sp-z-oo/48857277',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://polandin.com/47942651/pln-10-billion-in-subsidies-transferred-to-companies-pm',
+        'url': 'https://tvpworld.com/48583640/tescos-polish-business-bought-by-danish-chain-netto',
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
@@ -151,16 +171,13 @@ class TVPIE(InfoExtractor):
         is_website = video_data.get('type') == 'website'
         if is_website:
             url = video_data['url']
-            fucked_up_url_parts = re.match(r'https?://vod\.tvp\.pl/(\d+)/([^/?#]+)', url)
-            if fucked_up_url_parts:
-                url = f'https://vod.tvp.pl/website/{fucked_up_url_parts.group(2)},{fucked_up_url_parts.group(1)}'
         else:
             url = 'tvp:' + str_or_none(video_data.get('_id') or page_id)
         return {
             '_type': 'url_transparent',
             'id': str_or_none(video_data.get('_id') or page_id),
             'url': url,
-            'ie_key': 'TVPEmbed' if not is_website else 'TVPWebsite',
+            'ie_key': (TVPIE if is_website else TVPEmbedIE).ie_key(),
             'title': str_or_none(video_data.get('title')),
             'description': str_or_none(video_data.get('lead')),
             'timestamp': int_or_none(video_data.get('release_date_long')),
@@ -217,8 +234,9 @@ class TVPIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         # The URL may redirect to a VOD
         # example: https://vod.tvp.pl/48463890/wadowickie-spotkania-z-janem-pawlem-ii
-        if TVPWebsiteIE.suitable(urlh.url):
-            return self.url_result(urlh.url, ie=TVPWebsiteIE.ie_key(), video_id=page_id)
+        for ie_cls in (TVPVODSeriesIE, TVPVODVideoIE):
+            if ie_cls.suitable(urlh.url):
+                return self.url_result(urlh.url, ie=ie_cls.ie_key(), video_id=page_id)
 
         if re.search(
                 r'window\.__(?:video|news|website|directory)Data\s*=',
@@ -250,8 +268,11 @@ class TVPIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 class TVPStreamIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'tvp:stream'
-    _VALID_URL = r'(?:tvpstream:|https?://tvpstream\.vod\.tvp\.pl/(?:\?(?:[^&]+[&;])*channel_id=)?)(?P<id>\d*)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'(?:tvpstream:|https?://(?:tvpstream\.vod|stream)\.tvp\.pl/(?:\?(?:[^&]+[&;])*channel_id=)?)(?P<id>\d*)'
     _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://stream.tvp.pl/?channel_id=56969941',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
         # untestable as "video" id changes many times across a day
         'url': 'https://tvpstream.vod.tvp.pl/?channel_id=1455',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -267,28 +288,21 @@ class TVPStreamIE(InfoExtractor):
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
-    _PLAYER_BOX_RE = r'<div\s[^>]*id\s*=\s*["\']?tvp_player_box["\']?[^>]+data-%s-id\s*=\s*["\']?(\d+)'
-    _BUTTON_RE = r'<div\s[^>]*data-channel-id=["\']?%s["\']?[^>]*\sdata-title=(?:"([^"]*)"|\'([^\']*)\')[^>]*\sdata-stationname=(?:"([^"]*)"|\'([^\']*)\')'
-
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
-        channel_url = self._proto_relative_url('//tvpstream.vod.tvp.pl/?channel_id=%s' % channel_id or 'default')
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(channel_url, channel_id, 'Downloading channel webpage')
-        if not channel_id:
-            channel_id = self._search_regex(self._PLAYER_BOX_RE % 'channel',
-                                            webpage, 'default channel id')
-        video_id = self._search_regex(self._PLAYER_BOX_RE % 'video',
-                                      webpage, 'video id')
-        audition_title, station_name = self._search_regex(
-            self._BUTTON_RE % (re.escape(channel_id)), webpage,
-            'audition title and station name',
-            group=(1, 2))
+        channel_url = self._proto_relative_url('//stream.tvp.pl/?channel_id=%s' % channel_id or 'default')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(channel_url, channel_id or 'default', 'Downloading channel webpage')
+        channels = self._search_json(
+            r'window\.__channels\s*=', webpage, 'channel list', channel_id,
+            contains_pattern=r'\[\s*{(?s:.+)}\s*]')
+        channel = traverse_obj(channels, (lambda _, v: channel_id == str(v['id'])), get_all=False) if channel_id else channels[0]
+        audition = traverse_obj(channel, ('items', lambda _, v: v['is_live'] is True), get_all=False)
         return {
             '_type': 'url_transparent',
-            'id': channel_id,
-            'url': 'tvp:%s' % video_id,
-            'title': audition_title,
-            'alt_title': station_name,
+            'id': channel_id or channel['id'],
+            'url': 'tvp:%s' % audition['video_id'],
+            'title': audition.get('title'),
+            'alt_title': channel.get('title'),
             'is_live': True,
             'ie_key': 'TVPEmbed',
         }
@@ -297,12 +311,13 @@ class TVPStreamIE(InfoExtractor):
 class TVPEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'tvp:embed'
     IE_DESC = 'Telewizja Polska'
+    _GEO_BYPASS = False
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
         (?:
             tvp:
             |https?://
                 (?:[^/]+\.)?
-                (?:tvp(?:parlament)?\.pl|tvp\.info|polandin\.com)/
+                (?:tvp(?:parlament)?\.pl|tvp\.info|tvpworld\.com|swipeto\.pl)/
                 (?:sess/
                         (?:tvplayer\.php\?.*?object_id
                         |TVPlayer2/(?:embed|api)\.php\?.*[Ii][Dd])
@@ -320,6 +335,12 @@ class TVPEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
             'title': 'Czas honoru, odc. 13 – Władek',
             'description': 'md5:76649d2014f65c99477be17f23a4dead',
             'age_limit': 12,
+            'duration': 2652,
+            'series': 'Czas honoru',
+            'episode': 'Episode 13',
+            'episode_number': 13,
+            'season': 'sezon 1',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.tvp.pl/sess/tvplayer.php?object_id=51247504&amp;autoplay=false',
@@ -327,6 +348,9 @@ class TVPEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '51247504',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Razmova 091220',
+            'duration': 876,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+',
         },
     }, {
         # TVPlayer2 embed URL
@@ -361,44 +385,50 @@ class TVPEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
         # stripping JSONP padding
         datastr = webpage[15 + len(callback):-3]
         if datastr.startswith('null,'):
-            error = self._parse_json(datastr[5:], video_id)
-            raise ExtractorError(error[0]['desc'])
+            error = self._parse_json(datastr[5:], video_id, fatal=False)
+            error_desc = traverse_obj(error, (0, 'desc'))
+
+            if error_desc == 'Obiekt wymaga płatności':
+                raise ExtractorError('Video requires payment and log-in, but log-in is not implemented')
+
+            raise ExtractorError(error_desc or 'unexpected JSON error')
 
         content = self._parse_json(datastr, video_id)['content']
         info = content['info']
         is_live = try_get(info, lambda x: x['isLive'], bool)
 
+        if info.get('isGeoBlocked'):
+            # actual country list is not provided, we just assume it's always available in PL
+            self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=['PL'])
+
         formats = []
         for file in content['files']:
-            video_url = file.get('url')
+            video_url = url_or_none(file.get('url'))
             if not video_url:
                 continue
-            if video_url.endswith('.m3u8'):
+            ext = determine_ext(video_url, None)
+            if ext == 'm3u8':
                 formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(video_url, video_id, m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False, live=is_live))
-            elif video_url.endswith('.mpd'):
+            elif ext == 'mpd':
                 if is_live:
                     # doesn't work with either ffmpeg or native downloader
                     continue
                 formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(video_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
-            elif video_url.endswith('.f4m'):
+            elif ext == 'f4m':
                 formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(video_url, video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
             elif video_url.endswith('.ism/manifest'):
                 formats.extend(self._extract_ism_formats(video_url, video_id, ism_id='mss', fatal=False))
             else:
-                # mp4, wmv or something
-                quality = file.get('quality', {})
                 formats.append({
                     'format_id': 'direct',
                     'url': video_url,
-                    'ext': determine_ext(video_url, file['type']),
-                    'fps': int_or_none(quality.get('fps')),
-                    'tbr': int_or_none(quality.get('bitrate')),
-                    'width': int_or_none(quality.get('width')),
-                    'height': int_or_none(quality.get('height')),
+                    'ext': ext or file.get('type'),
+                    'fps': int_or_none(traverse_obj(file, ('quality', 'fps'))),
+                    'tbr': int_or_none(traverse_obj(file, ('quality', 'bitrate')), scale=1000),
+                    'width': int_or_none(traverse_obj(file, ('quality', 'width'))),
+                    'height': int_or_none(traverse_obj(file, ('quality', 'height'))),
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         title = dict_get(info, ('subtitle', 'title', 'seoTitle'))
         description = dict_get(info, ('description', 'seoDescription'))
         thumbnails = []
@@ -449,57 +479,105 @@ class TVPEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
         return info_dict
 
 
-class TVPWebsiteIE(InfoExtractor):
-    IE_NAME = 'tvp:series'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://vod\.tvp\.pl/website/(?P<display_id>[^,]+),(?P<id>\d+)'
+class TVPVODBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _API_BASE_URL = 'https://vod.tvp.pl/api/products'
+
+    def _call_api(self, resource, video_id, **kwargs):
+        return self._download_json(
+            f'{self._API_BASE_URL}/{resource}', video_id,
+            query={'lang': 'pl', 'platform': 'BROWSER'}, **kwargs)
+
+    def _parse_video(self, video):
+        return {
+            '_type': 'url',
+            'url': 'tvp:' + video['externalUid'],
+            'ie_key': TVPEmbedIE.ie_key(),
+            'title': video.get('title'),
+            'description': traverse_obj(video, ('lead', 'description')),
+            'age_limit': int_or_none(video.get('rating')),
+            'duration': int_or_none(video.get('duration')),
+        }
+
+
+class TVPVODVideoIE(TVPVODBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'tvp:vod'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://vod\.tvp\.pl/[a-z\d-]+,\d+/[a-z\d-]+(?<!-odcinki)(?:-odcinki,\d+/odcinek-\d+,S\d+E\d+)?,(?P<id>\d+)(?:\?[^#]+)?(?:#.+)?$'
 
     _TESTS = [{
-        # series
-        'url': 'https://vod.tvp.pl/website/wspaniale-stulecie,17069012/video',
+        'url': 'https://vod.tvp.pl/dla-dzieci,24/laboratorium-alchemika-odcinki,309338/odcinek-24,S01E24,311357',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '17069012',
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 312,
-    }, {
-        # film
-        'url': 'https://vod.tvp.pl/website/krzysztof-krawczyk-cale-moje-zycie,51374466',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '51374509',
+            'id': '60468609',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Krzysztof Krawczyk – całe moje życie, Krzysztof Krawczyk – całe moje życie',
-            'description': 'md5:2e80823f00f5fc263555482f76f8fa42',
-            'age_limit': 12,
+            'title': 'Laboratorium alchemika, Tusze termiczne. Jak zobaczyć niewidoczne. Odcinek 24',
+            'description': 'md5:1d4098d3e537092ccbac1abf49b7cd4c',
+            'duration': 300,
+            'episode_number': 24,
+            'episode': 'Episode 24',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'series': 'Laboratorium alchemika',
+            'thumbnail': 're:https://.+',
         },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-        'add_ie': ['TVPEmbed'],
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://vod.tvp.pl/website/lzy-cennet,38678312',
+        'url': 'https://vod.tvp.pl/filmy-dokumentalne,163/ukrainski-sluga-narodu,339667',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '51640077',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Ukraiński sługa narodu, Ukraiński sługa narodu',
+            'series': 'Ukraiński sługa narodu',
+            'description': 'md5:b7940c0a8e439b0c81653a986f544ef3',
+            'age_limit': 12,
+            'episode': 'Episode 0',
+            'episode_number': 0,
+            'duration': 3051,
+            'thumbnail': 're:https://.+',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        return self._parse_video(self._call_api(f'vods/{video_id}', video_id))
+
+
+class TVPVODSeriesIE(TVPVODBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'tvp:vod:series'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://vod\.tvp\.pl/[a-z\d-]+,\d+/[a-z\d-]+-odcinki,(?P<id>\d+)(?:\?[^#]+)?(?:#.+)?$'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://vod.tvp.pl/seriale,18/ranczo-odcinki,316445',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '316445',
+            'title': 'Ranczo',
+            'age_limit': 12,
+            'categories': ['seriale'],
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 129,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://vod.tvp.pl/programy,88/rolnik-szuka-zony-odcinki,284514',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://vod.tvp.pl/dla-dzieci,24/laboratorium-alchemika-odcinki,309338',
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
-    def _entries(self, display_id, playlist_id):
-        url = 'https://vod.tvp.pl/website/%s,%s/video' % (display_id, playlist_id)
-        for page_num in itertools.count(1):
-            page = self._download_webpage(
-                url, display_id, 'Downloading page %d' % page_num,
-                query={'page': page_num})
-
-            video_ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
-                r'<a[^>]+\bhref=["\']/video/%s,[^,]+,(\d+)' % display_id,
-                page))
-
-            if not video_ids:
-                break
-
-            for video_id in video_ids:
-                yield self.url_result(
-                    'tvp:%s' % video_id, ie=TVPEmbedIE.ie_key(),
-                    video_id=video_id)
+    def _entries(self, seasons, playlist_id):
+        for season in seasons:
+            episodes = self._call_api(
+                f'vods/serials/{playlist_id}/seasons/{season["id"]}/episodes', playlist_id,
+                note=f'Downloading episode list for {season["title"]}')
+            yield from map(self._parse_video, episodes)
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
-        display_id, playlist_id = mobj.group('display_id', 'id')
+        playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
+        metadata = self._call_api(
+            f'vods/serials/{playlist_id}', playlist_id,
+            note='Downloading serial metadata')
+        seasons = self._call_api(
+            f'vods/serials/{playlist_id}/seasons', playlist_id,
+            note='Downloading season list')
         return self.playlist_result(
-            self._entries(display_id, playlist_id), playlist_id)
+            self._entries(seasons, playlist_id), playlist_id, strip_or_none(metadata.get('title')),
+            clean_html(traverse_obj(metadata, ('description', 'lead'), expected_type=strip_or_none)),
+            categories=[traverse_obj(metadata, ('mainCategory', 'name'))],
+            age_limit=int_or_none(metadata.get('rating')),
+        )
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvplay.py
index f815b51379..9ef4f962c5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvplay.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvplay.py
@@ -294,8 +294,6 @@ class TVPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'This content might not be available in your country due to copyright reasons',
                 metadata_available=True)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         # TODO: webvtt in m3u8
         subtitles = {}
         sami_path = video.get('sami_path')
@@ -410,7 +408,6 @@ class ViafreeIE(InfoExtractor):
             raise
 
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(stream_href, guid, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         episode = program.get('episode') or {}
         return {
             'id': guid,
@@ -495,7 +492,6 @@ class TVPlayHomeIE(InfoExtractor):
             urljoin(url, f'/api/products/{stream_id}/videos/playlist?videoType={video_type}&platform=BROWSER'), video_id)
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
             stream['sources']['HLS'][0]['src'], video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = set(traverse_obj(
             data, (('galary', 'images', 'artworks'), ..., ..., ('miniUrl', 'mainUrl')), expected_type=url_or_none))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvplayer.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvplayer.py
index 31d70b6b83..b05355f876 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvplayer.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvplayer.py
@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ class TVPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
             raise
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(response['stream'], display_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': resource_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tweakers.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tweakers.py
index 6d1f92bbb4..e8e1fc666f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tweakers.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tweakers.py
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ class TweakersIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'height': height,
                     'ext': ext,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/twentymin.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/twentymin.py
index f33f15914a..74f90b00bf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/twentymin.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/twentymin.py
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ class TwentyMinutenIE(InfoExtractor):
             'url': 'http://podcast.20min-tv.ch/podcast/20min/%s%s.mp4' % (video_id, p),
             'quality': quality,
         } for quality, (format_id, p) in enumerate([('sd', ''), ('hd', 'h')])]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = video.get('lead')
         thumbnail = video.get('thumbnail')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/twitcasting.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/twitcasting.py
index 0dbb97a360..2548dae047 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/twitcasting.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/twitcasting.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import base64
 import itertools
 import re
 
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ class TwitCastingIE(InfoExtractor):
             'description': 'Twitter Oficial da cantora brasileira Ivete Sangalo.',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
             'upload_date': '20110822',
-            'timestamp': 1314010824,
+            'timestamp': 1313978424,
             'duration': 32,
             'view_count': int,
         },
@@ -51,10 +52,10 @@ class TwitCastingIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Live playing something #3689740',
             'uploader_id': 'mttbernardini',
-            'description': 'Salve, io sono Matto (ma con la e). Questa è la mia presentazione, in quanto sono letteralmente matto (nel senso di strano), con qualcosa in più.',
+            'description': 'md5:1dc7efa2f1ab932fcd119265cebeec69',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
-            'upload_date': '20120212',
-            'timestamp': 1329028024,
+            'upload_date': '20120211',
+            'timestamp': 1328995624,
             'duration': 681,
             'view_count': int,
         },
@@ -63,29 +64,49 @@ class TwitCastingIE(InfoExtractor):
             'videopassword': 'abc',
         },
     }, {
-        'note': 'archive is split in 2 parts',
         'url': 'https://twitcasting.tv/loft_heaven/movie/685979292',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '685979292',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': '南波一海のhear_here “ナタリー望月哲さんに聞く編集と「渋谷系狂騒曲」”',
-            'duration': 6964.599334,
+            'title': '【無料配信】南波一海のhear/here “ナタリー望月哲さんに聞く編集と「渋谷系狂騒曲」”',
+            'uploader_id': 'loft_heaven',
+            'description': 'md5:3a0c7b53019df987ce545c935538bacf',
+            'upload_date': '20210604',
+            'timestamp': 1622802114,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'duration': 6964,
+            'view_count': int,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
         },
-        'playlist_mincount': 2,
     }]
 
+    def _parse_data_movie_playlist(self, dmp, video_id):
+        # attempt 1: parse as JSON directly
+        try:
+            return self._parse_json(dmp, video_id)
+        except ExtractorError:
+            pass
+        # attempt 2: decode reversed base64
+        decoded = base64.b64decode(dmp[::-1])
+        return self._parse_json(decoded, video_id)
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         uploader_id, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
 
+        webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(url, video_id)
         video_password = self.get_param('videopassword')
         request_data = None
         if video_password:
             request_data = urlencode_postdata({
                 'password': video_password,
+                **self._hidden_inputs(webpage),
             }, encoding='utf-8')
-        webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(
-            url, video_id, data=request_data,
-            headers={'Origin': 'https://twitcasting.tv'})
+            webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(
+                url, video_id, data=request_data,
+                headers={'Origin': 'https://twitcasting.tv'},
+                note='Trying video password')
         if urlh.geturl() != url and request_data:
             webpage = self._download_webpage(
                 urlh.geturl(), video_id, data=request_data,
@@ -100,7 +121,7 @@ class TwitCastingIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         video_js_data = try_get(
             webpage,
-            lambda x: self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
+            lambda x: self._parse_data_movie_playlist(self._search_regex(
                 r'data-movie-playlist=\'([^\']+?)\'',
                 x, 'movie playlist', default=None), video_id)['2'], list)
 
@@ -111,7 +132,7 @@ class TwitCastingIE(InfoExtractor):
         duration = (try_get(video_js_data, lambda x: sum(float_or_none(y.get('duration')) for y in x) / 1000)
                     or parse_duration(clean_html(get_element_by_class('tw-player-duration-time', webpage))))
         view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
-            (r'Total\s*:\s*([\d,]+)\s*Views', r'総視聴者\s*:\s*([\d,]+)\s*</'), webpage, 'views', None))
+            (r'Total\s*:\s*Views\s*([\d,]+)', r'総視聴者\s*:\s*([\d,]+)\s*</'), webpage, 'views', None))
         timestamp = unified_timestamp(self._search_regex(
             r'data-toggle="true"[^>]+datetime="([^"]+)"',
             webpage, 'datetime', None))
@@ -175,15 +196,13 @@ class TwitCastingIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'protocol': 'websocket_frag',
                     })
 
-            self._sort_formats(formats, ('source',))
-
             infodict = {
-                'formats': formats
+                'formats': formats,
+                '_format_sort_fields': ('source', ),
             }
         elif len(m3u8_urls) == 1:
             formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                 m3u8_urls[0], video_id, 'mp4', headers=self._M3U8_HEADERS)
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             infodict = {
                 # No problem here since there's only one manifest
                 'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/twitch.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/twitch.py
index 975e09c302..efc7db2c9b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/twitch.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/twitch.py
@@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ class TwitchBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         'CollectionSideBar': '27111f1b382effad0b6def325caef1909c733fe6a4fbabf54f8d491ef2cf2f14',
         'FilterableVideoTower_Videos': 'a937f1d22e269e39a03b509f65a7490f9fc247d7f83d6ac1421523e3b68042cb',
         'ClipsCards__User': 'b73ad2bfaecfd30a9e6c28fada15bd97032c83ec77a0440766a56fe0bd632777',
-        'ChannelCollectionsContent': '07e3691a1bad77a36aba590c351180439a40baefc1c275356f40fc7082419a84',
-        'StreamMetadata': '1c719a40e481453e5c48d9bb585d971b8b372f8ebb105b17076722264dfa5b3e',
+        'ChannelCollectionsContent': '447aec6a0cc1e8d0a8d7732d47eb0762c336a2294fdb009e9c9d854e49d484b9',
+        'StreamMetadata': 'a647c2a13599e5991e175155f798ca7f1ecddde73f7f341f39009c14dbf59962',
         'ComscoreStreamingQuery': 'e1edae8122517d013405f237ffcc124515dc6ded82480a88daef69c83b53ac01',
         'VideoAccessToken_Clip': '36b89d2507fce29e5ca551df756d27c1cfe079e2609642b4390aa4c35796eb11',
         'VideoPreviewOverlay': '3006e77e51b128d838fa4e835723ca4dc9a05c5efd4466c1085215c6e437e65c',
-        'VideoMetadata': '226edb3e692509f727fd56821f5653c05740242c82b0388883e0c0e75dcbf687',
+        'VideoMetadata': '49b5b8f268cdeb259d75b58dcb0c1a748e3b575003448a2333dc5cdafd49adad',
         'VideoPlayer_ChapterSelectButtonVideo': '8d2793384aac3773beab5e59bd5d6f585aedb923d292800119e03d40cd0f9b41',
         'VideoPlayer_VODSeekbarPreviewVideo': '07e99e4d56c5a7c67117a154777b0baf85a5ffefa393b213f4bc712ccaf85dd6',
     }
@@ -133,7 +133,6 @@ class TwitchBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'quality': 10,
                         'format_note': 'Source',
                     })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
     def _download_base_gql(self, video_id, ops, note, fatal=True):
         headers = {
@@ -381,13 +380,14 @@ class TwitchVodIE(TwitchBaseIE):
             }],
             'Downloading stream metadata GraphQL')
 
-        video = traverse_obj(data, (0, 'data', 'video'))
-        video['moments'] = traverse_obj(data, (1, 'data', 'video', 'moments', 'edges', ..., 'node'))
-        video['storyboard'] = traverse_obj(data, (2, 'data', 'video', 'seekPreviewsURL'), expected_type=url_or_none)
-
+        video = traverse_obj(data, (..., 'data', 'video'), get_all=False)
         if video is None:
-            raise ExtractorError(
-                'Video %s does not exist' % item_id, expected=True)
+            raise ExtractorError(f'Video {item_id} does not exist', expected=True)
+
+        video['moments'] = traverse_obj(data, (..., 'data', 'video', 'moments', 'edges', ..., 'node'))
+        video['storyboard'] = traverse_obj(
+            data, (..., 'data', 'video', 'seekPreviewsURL', {url_or_none}), get_all=False)
+
         return video
 
     def _extract_info(self, info):
@@ -855,6 +855,13 @@ class TwitchVideosCollectionsIE(TwitchPlaylistBaseIE):
             'title': 'spamfish - Collections',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 3,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.twitch.tv/monstercat/videos?filter=collections',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'monstercat',
+            'title': 'monstercat - Collections',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 13,
     }]
 
     _OPERATION_NAME = 'ChannelCollectionsContent'
@@ -923,6 +930,7 @@ class TwitchStreamIE(TwitchBaseIE):
             # m3u8 download
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+        'skip': 'User does not exist',
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.twitch.tv/miracle_doto#profile-0',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -935,6 +943,25 @@ class TwitchStreamIE(TwitchBaseIE):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://m.twitch.tv/food',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.twitch.tv/monstercat',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '40500071752',
+            'display_id': 'monstercat',
+            'title': 're:Monstercat',
+            'description': 'md5:0945ad625e615bc8f0469396537d87d9',
+            'is_live': True,
+            'timestamp': 1677107190,
+            'upload_date': '20230222',
+            'uploader': 'Monstercat',
+            'uploader_id': 'monstercat',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+            'thumbnail': 're:https://.*.jpg',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'Livestream',
+        },
     }]
 
     @classmethod
@@ -1144,7 +1171,6 @@ class TwitchClipsIE(TwitchBaseIE):
                 'height': int_or_none(option.get('quality')),
                 'fps': int_or_none(option.get('frameRate')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for thumbnail_id in ('tiny', 'small', 'medium'):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/twitter.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/twitter.py
index d516aafa28..3f1899e962 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/twitter.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/twitter.py
@@ -1,37 +1,42 @@
+import json
 import re
+import urllib.error
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
+from .periscope import PeriscopeBaseIE, PeriscopeIE
+from ..compat import functools  # isort: split
 from ..compat import (
-    compat_HTTPError,
     compat_parse_qs,
     compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
 )
 from ..utils import (
-    dict_get,
     ExtractorError,
-    format_field,
+    dict_get,
     float_or_none,
+    format_field,
     int_or_none,
-    traverse_obj,
-    try_get,
+    make_archive_id,
+    str_or_none,
     strip_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_call,
+    try_get,
     unified_timestamp,
     update_url_query,
     url_or_none,
     xpath_text,
 )
 
-from .periscope import (
-    PeriscopeBaseIE,
-    PeriscopeIE,
-)
-
 
 class TwitterBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _API_BASE = 'https://api.twitter.com/1.1/'
-    _BASE_REGEX = r'https?://(?:(?:www|m(?:obile)?)\.)?twitter\.com/'
-    _GUEST_TOKEN = None
+    _GRAPHQL_API_BASE = 'https://twitter.com/i/api/graphql/'
+    _TOKENS = {
+        'AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAANRILgAAAAAAnNwIzUejRCOuH5E6I8xnZz4puTs%3D1Zv7ttfk8LF81IUq16cHjhLTvJu4FA33AGWWjCpTnA': None,
+        'AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPYXBAAAAAAACLXUNDekMxqa8h%2F40K4moUkGsoc%3DTYfbDKbT3jJPCEVnMYqilB28NHfOPqkca3qaAxGfsyKCs0wRbw': None,
+    }
+    _BASE_REGEX = r'https?://(?:(?:www|m(?:obile)?)\.)?(?:twitter\.com|twitter3e4tixl4xyajtrzo62zg5vztmjuricljdp2c5kshju4avyoid\.onion)/'
 
     def _extract_variant_formats(self, variant, video_id):
         variant_url = variant.get('url')
@@ -83,28 +88,81 @@ class TwitterBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': int(m.group('height')),
             })
 
-    def _call_api(self, path, video_id, query={}):
-        headers = {
-            'Authorization': 'Bearer AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPYXBAAAAAAACLXUNDekMxqa8h%2F40K4moUkGsoc%3DTYfbDKbT3jJPCEVnMYqilB28NHfOPqkca3qaAxGfsyKCs0wRbw',
-        }
-        token = self._get_cookies(self._API_BASE).get('ct0')
-        if token:
-            headers['x-csrf-token'] = token.value
-        if not self._GUEST_TOKEN:
-            self._GUEST_TOKEN = self._download_json(
-                self._API_BASE + 'guest/activate.json', video_id,
-                'Downloading guest token', data=b'',
-                headers=headers)['guest_token']
-        headers['x-guest-token'] = self._GUEST_TOKEN
-        try:
-            return self._download_json(
-                self._API_BASE + path, video_id, headers=headers, query=query)
-        except ExtractorError as e:
-            if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 403:
-                raise ExtractorError(self._parse_json(
-                    e.cause.read().decode(),
-                    video_id)['errors'][0]['message'], expected=True)
-            raise
+    @functools.cached_property
+    def is_logged_in(self):
+        return bool(self._get_cookies(self._API_BASE).get('auth_token'))
+
+    def _call_api(self, path, video_id, query={}, graphql=False):
+        cookies = self._get_cookies(self._API_BASE)
+        headers = {}
+
+        csrf_cookie = cookies.get('ct0')
+        if csrf_cookie:
+            headers['x-csrf-token'] = csrf_cookie.value
+
+        if self.is_logged_in:
+            headers.update({
+                'x-twitter-auth-type': 'OAuth2Session',
+                'x-twitter-client-language': 'en',
+                'x-twitter-active-user': 'yes',
+            })
+
+        last_error = None
+        for bearer_token in self._TOKENS:
+            for first_attempt in (True, False):
+                headers['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {bearer_token}'
+
+                if not self.is_logged_in:
+                    if not self._TOKENS[bearer_token]:
+                        headers.pop('x-guest-token', None)
+                        guest_token_response = self._download_json(
+                            self._API_BASE + 'guest/activate.json', video_id,
+                            'Downloading guest token', data=b'', headers=headers)
+
+                        self._TOKENS[bearer_token] = guest_token_response.get('guest_token')
+                        if not self._TOKENS[bearer_token]:
+                            raise ExtractorError('Could not retrieve guest token')
+
+                    headers['x-guest-token'] = self._TOKENS[bearer_token]
+
+                try:
+                    allowed_status = {400, 403, 404} if graphql else {403}
+                    result = self._download_json(
+                        (self._GRAPHQL_API_BASE if graphql else self._API_BASE) + path,
+                        video_id, headers=headers, query=query, expected_status=allowed_status)
+
+                except ExtractorError as e:
+                    if last_error:
+                        raise last_error
+
+                    if not isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError) or e.cause.code != 404:
+                        raise
+
+                    last_error = e
+                    self.report_warning(
+                        'Twitter API gave 404 response, retrying with deprecated auth token. '
+                        'Only one media item can be extracted')
+                    break  # continue outer loop with next bearer_token
+
+                if result.get('errors'):
+                    errors = traverse_obj(result, ('errors', ..., 'message'), expected_type=str)
+                    if first_attempt and any('bad guest token' in error.lower() for error in errors):
+                        self.to_screen('Guest token has expired. Refreshing guest token')
+                        self._TOKENS[bearer_token] = None
+                        continue
+
+                    error_message = ', '.join(set(errors)) or 'Unknown error'
+                    raise ExtractorError(f'Error(s) while querying API: {error_message}', expected=True)
+
+                return result
+
+    def _build_graphql_query(self, media_id):
+        raise NotImplementedError('Method must be implemented to support GraphQL')
+
+    def _call_graphql_api(self, endpoint, media_id):
+        data = self._build_graphql_query(media_id)
+        query = {key: json.dumps(value, separators=(',', ':')) for key, value in data.items()}
+        return traverse_obj(self._call_api(endpoint, media_id, query=query, graphql=True), 'data')
 
 
 class TwitterCardIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -115,7 +173,7 @@ class TwitterCardIE(InfoExtractor):
             'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/cards/tfw/v1/560070183650213889',
             # MD5 checksums are different in different places
             'info_dict': {
-                'id': '560070183650213889',
+                'id': '560070131976392705',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': "Twitter - You can now shoot, edit and share video on Twitter. Capture life's most moving moments from your perspective.",
                 'description': 'md5:18d3e24bb4f6e5007487dd546e53bd96',
@@ -125,6 +183,13 @@ class TwitterCardIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'duration': 30.033,
                 'timestamp': 1422366112,
                 'upload_date': '20150127',
+                'age_limit': 0,
+                'comment_count': int,
+                'tags': [],
+                'repost_count': int,
+                'like_count': int,
+                'display_id': '560070183650213889',
+                'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Twitter',
             },
         },
         {
@@ -139,7 +204,14 @@ class TwitterCardIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'uploader_id': 'NASA',
                 'timestamp': 1437408129,
                 'upload_date': '20150720',
+                'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/NASA',
+                'age_limit': 0,
+                'comment_count': int,
+                'like_count': int,
+                'repost_count': int,
+                'tags': ['PlutoFlyby'],
             },
+            'params': {'format': '[protocol=https]'}
         },
         {
             'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/cards/tfw/v1/654001591733886977',
@@ -152,12 +224,27 @@ class TwitterCardIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'upload_date': '20111013',
                 'uploader': 'OMG! UBUNTU!',
                 'uploader_id': 'omgubuntu',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIiSwcm9xiFb3Y4wjzR41eQ',
+                'channel_id': 'UCIiSwcm9xiFb3Y4wjzR41eQ',
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
+                'chapters': 'count:8',
+                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/omgubuntu',
+                'duration': 138,
+                'categories': ['Film & Animation'],
+                'age_limit': 0,
+                'comment_count': int,
+                'availability': 'public',
+                'like_count': int,
+                'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/dq4Oj5quskI/maxresdefault.jpg',
+                'view_count': int,
+                'tags': 'count:12',
+                'channel': 'OMG! UBUNTU!',
+                'playable_in_embed': True,
             },
             'add_ie': ['Youtube'],
         },
         {
             'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/cards/tfw/v1/665289828897005568',
-            'md5': '6dabeaca9e68cbb71c99c322a4b42a11',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': 'iBb2x00UVlv',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -166,9 +253,17 @@ class TwitterCardIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'uploader': 'ArsenalTerje',
                 'title': 'Vine by ArsenalTerje',
                 'timestamp': 1447451307,
+                'alt_title': 'Vine by ArsenalTerje',
+                'comment_count': int,
+                'like_count': int,
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+\.jpg',
+                'view_count': int,
+                'repost_count': int,
             },
             'add_ie': ['Vine'],
-        }, {
+            'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+        },
+        {
             'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/videos/tweet/705235433198714880',
             'md5': '884812a2adc8aaf6fe52b15ccbfa3b88',
             'info_dict': {
@@ -182,7 +277,8 @@ class TwitterCardIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'upload_date': '20160303',
             },
             'skip': 'This content is no longer available.',
-        }, {
+        },
+        {
             'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/videos/752274308186120192',
             'only_matching': True,
         },
@@ -197,12 +293,13 @@ class TwitterCardIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'twitter'
-    _VALID_URL = TwitterBaseIE._BASE_REGEX + r'(?:(?:i/web|[^/]+)/status|statuses)/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = TwitterBaseIE._BASE_REGEX + r'(?:(?:i/web|[^/]+)/status|statuses)/(?P<id>\d+)(?:/(?:video|photo)/(?P<index>\d+))?'
 
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/freethenipple/status/643211948184596480',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '643211948184596480',
+            'id': '643211870443208704',
+            'display_id': '643211948184596480',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'FREE THE NIPPLE - FTN supporters on Hollywood Blvd today!',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
@@ -212,6 +309,11 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
             'duration': 12.922,
             'timestamp': 1442188653,
             'upload_date': '20150913',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/freethenipple',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': [],
             'age_limit': 18,
         },
     }, {
@@ -232,13 +334,20 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/starwars/status/665052190608723968',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '665052190608723968',
+            'display_id': '665052190608723968',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Star Wars - A new beginning is coming December 18. Watch the official 60 second #TV spot for #StarWars: #TheForceAwakens.',
+            'title': r're:Star Wars.*A new beginning is coming December 18.*',
             'description': 'A new beginning is coming December 18. Watch the official 60 second #TV spot for #StarWars: #TheForceAwakens. https://t.co/OkSqT2fjWJ',
             'uploader_id': 'starwars',
-            'uploader': 'Star Wars',
+            'uploader': r're:Star Wars.*',
             'timestamp': 1447395772,
             'upload_date': '20151113',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/starwars',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': ['TV', 'StarWars', 'TheForceAwakens'],
+            'age_limit': 0,
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/BTNBrentYarina/status/705235433198714880',
@@ -251,25 +360,39 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
             'uploader': 'Brent Yarina',
             'timestamp': 1456976204,
             'upload_date': '20160303',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/BTNBrentYarina',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': [],
+            'age_limit': 0,
         },
         'params': {
             # The same video as https://twitter.com/i/videos/tweet/705235433198714880
             # Test case of TwitterCardIE
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+        'skip': 'Dead external link',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/jaydingeer/status/700207533655363584',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '700207533655363584',
+            'id': '700207414000242688',
+            'display_id': '700207533655363584',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'simon vertugo - BEAT PROD: @suhmeduh #Damndaniel',
+            'title': 'jaydin donte geer - BEAT PROD: @suhmeduh #Damndaniel',
             'description': 'BEAT PROD: @suhmeduh  https://t.co/HBrQ4AfpvZ #Damndaniel https://t.co/byBooq2ejZ',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
-            'uploader': 'simon vertugo',
-            'uploader_id': 'simonvertugo',
+            'uploader': 'jaydin donte geer',
+            'uploader_id': 'jaydingeer',
             'duration': 30.0,
             'timestamp': 1455777459,
             'upload_date': '20160218',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/jaydingeer',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': ['Damndaniel'],
+            'age_limit': 0,
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/Filmdrunk/status/713801302971588609',
@@ -282,12 +405,19 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
             'uploader_id': '1004126642786242560',
             'timestamp': 1402826626,
             'upload_date': '20140615',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'alt_title': 'Vine by TAKUMA',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
         },
         'add_ie': ['Vine'],
     }, {
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/captainamerica/status/719944021058060289',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '719944021058060289',
+            'id': '717462543795523584',
+            'display_id': '719944021058060289',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Captain America - @King0fNerd Are you sure you made the right choice? Find out in theaters.',
             'description': '@King0fNerd Are you sure you made the right choice? Find out in theaters. https://t.co/GpgYi9xMJI',
@@ -296,6 +426,13 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
             'duration': 3.17,
             'timestamp': 1460483005,
             'upload_date': '20160412',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/CaptainAmerica',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': [],
+            'age_limit': 0,
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/OPP_HSD/status/779210622571536384',
@@ -307,6 +444,7 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
             'uploader_id': '1PmKqpJdOJQoY',
             'uploader': 'Sgt Kerry Schmidt - Ontario Provincial Police',
             'timestamp': 1474613214,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
         },
         'add_ie': ['Periscope'],
     }, {
@@ -327,7 +465,8 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/web/status/910031516746514432',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '910031516746514432',
+            'id': '910030238373089285',
+            'display_id': '910031516746514432',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Préfet de Guadeloupe - [Direct] #Maria Le centre se trouve actuellement au sud de Basse-Terre. Restez confinés. Réfugiez-vous dans la pièce la + sûre.',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
@@ -337,6 +476,12 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
             'duration': 47.48,
             'timestamp': 1505803395,
             'upload_date': '20170919',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Prefet971',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': ['Maria'],
+            'age_limit': 0,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,  # requires ffmpeg
@@ -345,7 +490,8 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
         # card via api.twitter.com/1.1/videos/tweet/config
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/LisPower1/status/1001551623938805763',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1001551623938805763',
+            'id': '1001551417340022785',
+            'display_id': '1001551623938805763',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 're:.*?Shep is on a roll today.*?',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
@@ -355,6 +501,12 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
             'duration': 111.278,
             'timestamp': 1527623489,
             'upload_date': '20180529',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/LisPower1',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': [],
+            'age_limit': 0,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,  # requires ffmpeg
@@ -362,7 +514,8 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/foobar/status/1087791357756956680',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1087791357756956680',
+            'id': '1087791272830607360',
+            'display_id': '1087791357756956680',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Twitter - A new is coming.  Some of you got an opt-in to try it now. Check out the emoji button, quick keyboard shortcuts, upgraded trends, advanced search, and more. Let us know your thoughts!',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
@@ -372,6 +525,12 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
             'duration': 61.567,
             'timestamp': 1548184644,
             'upload_date': '20190122',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Twitter',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': [],
+            'age_limit': 0,
         },
     }, {
         # not available in Periscope
@@ -382,13 +541,17 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
             'title': 'Vivi - Vivi founder @lior_rauchy announcing our new student feedback tool live at @EduTECH_AU #EduTECH2019',
             'uploader': 'Vivi',
             'uploader_id': '1eVjYOLGkGrQL',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'tags': ['EduTECH2019'],
+            'view_count': int,
         },
         'add_ie': ['TwitterBroadcast'],
     }, {
         # unified card
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/BrooklynNets/status/1349794411333394432?s=20',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1349794411333394432',
+            'id': '1349774757969989634',
+            'display_id': '1349794411333394432',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'md5:d1c4941658e4caaa6cb579260d85dcba',
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
@@ -398,10 +561,309 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
             'duration': 324.484,
             'timestamp': 1610651040,
             'upload_date': '20210114',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/BrooklynNets',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': [],
+            'age_limit': 0,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/oshtru/status/1577855540407197696',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1577855447914409984',
+            'display_id': '1577855540407197696',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'md5:9d198efb93557b8f8d5b78c480407214',
+            'description': 'md5:b9c3699335447391d11753ab21c70a74',
+            'upload_date': '20221006',
+            'uploader': 'oshtru',
+            'uploader_id': 'oshtru',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/oshtru',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'duration': 30.03,
+            'timestamp': 1665025050,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': [],
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': True},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/UltimaShadowX/status/1577719286659006464',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1577719286659006464',
+            'title': 'Ultima | #\u0432\u029f\u043c - Test',
+            'description': 'Test https://t.co/Y3KEZD7Dad',
+            'uploader': 'Ultima | #\u0432\u029f\u043c',
+            'uploader_id': 'UltimaShadowX',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/UltimaShadowX',
+            'upload_date': '20221005',
+            'timestamp': 1664992565,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': [],
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 4,
+        'params': {'skip_download': True},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/MesoMax919/status/1575560063510810624',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1575559336759263233',
+            'display_id': '1575560063510810624',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'md5:eec26382babd0f7c18f041db8ae1c9c9',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
+            'description': 'md5:95aea692fda36a12081b9629b02daa92',
+            'uploader': 'Max Olson',
+            'uploader_id': 'MesoMax919',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/MesoMax919',
+            'duration': 21.321,
+            'timestamp': 1664477766,
+            'upload_date': '20220929',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': ['HurricaneIan'],
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+    }, {
+        # Adult content, uses old token
+        # Fails if not logged in (GraphQL)
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/Rizdraws/status/1575199173472927762',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1575199163847000068',
+            'display_id': '1575199173472927762',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': str,
+            'description': str,
+            'uploader': str,
+            'uploader_id': 'Rizdraws',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Rizdraws',
+            'upload_date': '20220928',
+            'timestamp': 1664391723,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'tags': []
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['404'],
+    }, {
+        # Description is missing one https://t.co url (GraphQL)
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/Srirachachau/status/1395079556562706435',
+        'playlist_mincount': 2,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1395079556562706435',
+            'title': str,
+            'tags': [],
+            'uploader': str,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'upload_date': '20210519',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'description': 'Here it is! Finished my gothic western cartoon. Pretty proud of it. It\'s got some goofs and lots of splashy over the top violence, something for everyone, hope you like it https://t.co/fOsG5glUnw https://t.co/kbXZrozlY7',
+            'uploader_id': 'Srirachachau',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Srirachachau',
+            'timestamp': 1621447860,
+        },
+    }, {
+        # Description is missing one https://t.co url (GraphQL)
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/DavidToons_/status/1578353380363501568',
+        'playlist_mincount': 2,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1578353380363501568',
+            'title': str,
+            'uploader_id': 'DavidToons_',
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'uploader': str,
+            'timestamp': 1665143744,
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/DavidToons_',
+            'description': 'Chris sounds like Linda from Bob\'s Burgers, so as an animator: this had to be done. https://t.co/glfQdgfFXH https://t.co/WgJauwIW1w',
+            'tags': [],
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'upload_date': '20221007',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/primevideouk/status/1578401165338976258',
+        'playlist_count': 2,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1578401165338976258',
+            'title': str,
+            'description': 'md5:659a6b517a034b4cee5d795381a2dc41',
+            'uploader': str,
+            'uploader_id': 'primevideouk',
+            'timestamp': 1665155137,
+            'upload_date': '20221007',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/primevideouk',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': ['TheRingsOfPower'],
+        },
+    }, {
+        # Twitter Spaces
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/MoniqueCamarra/status/1550101959377551360',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1lPJqmBeeNAJb',
+            'ext': 'm4a',
+            'title': 'EuroFile@6 Ukraine Up-date-Draghi Defenestration-the West',
+            'uploader': r're:Monique Camarra.+?',
+            'uploader_id': 'MoniqueCamarra',
+            'live_status': 'was_live',
+            'description': 'md5:acce559345fd49f129c20dbcda3f1201',
+            'timestamp': 1658407771464,
+        },
+        'add_ie': ['TwitterSpaces'],
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }, {
+        # URL specifies video number but --yes-playlist
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/CTVJLaidlaw/status/1600649710662213632/video/1',
+        'playlist_mincount': 2,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1600649710662213632',
+            'title': 'md5:be05989b0722e114103ed3851a0ffae2',
+            'timestamp': 1670459604.0,
+            'description': 'md5:591c19ce66fadc2359725d5cd0d1052c',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'uploader_id': 'CTVJLaidlaw',
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'tags': ['colorectalcancer', 'cancerjourney', 'imnotaquitter'],
+            'upload_date': '20221208',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'uploader': 'Jocelyn Laidlaw',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/CTVJLaidlaw',
+            'like_count': int,
+        },
+    }, {
+        # URL specifies video number and --no-playlist
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/CTVJLaidlaw/status/1600649710662213632/video/2',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1600649511827013632',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'md5:dac4f4d4c591fcc4e88a253eba472dc3',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
+            'timestamp': 1670459604.0,
+            'uploader_id': 'CTVJLaidlaw',
+            'uploader': 'Jocelyn Laidlaw',
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'tags': ['colorectalcancer', 'cancerjourney', 'imnotaquitter'],
+            'duration': 102.226,
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/CTVJLaidlaw',
+            'display_id': '1600649710662213632',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'description': 'md5:591c19ce66fadc2359725d5cd0d1052c',
+            'upload_date': '20221208',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+        'params': {'noplaylist': True},
+    }, {
+        # id pointing to TweetWithVisibilityResults type entity which wraps the actual Tweet over
+        # note the id different between extraction and url
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/s2FAKER/status/1621117700482416640',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1621117577354424321',
+            'display_id': '1621117700482416640',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '뽀 - 아 최우제 이동속도 봐',
+            'description': '아 최우제 이동속도 봐 https://t.co/dxu2U5vXXB',
+            'duration': 24.598,
+            'uploader': '뽀',
+            'uploader_id': 's2FAKER',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/s2FAKER',
+            'upload_date': '20230202',
+            'timestamp': 1675339553.0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://pbs\.twimg\.com/.+',
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'tags': [],
+            'like_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/hlo_again/status/1599108751385972737/video/2',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1599108643743473680',
+            'display_id': '1599108751385972737',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '\u06ea - \U0001F48B',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/hlo_again',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'uploader_id': 'hlo_again',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://pbs.twimg.com/ext_tw_video_thumb/1599108643743473680/pu/img/UG3xjov4rgg5sbYM.jpg?name=orig',
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'duration': 9.531,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'upload_date': '20221203',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'timestamp': 1670092210.0,
+            'tags': [],
+            'uploader': '\u06ea',
+            'description': '\U0001F48B https://t.co/bTj9Qz7vQP',
+        },
+        'params': {'noplaylist': True},
+    }, {
+        # Media view count is GraphQL only, force in test
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/MunTheShinobi/status/1600009574919962625',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1600009362759733248',
+            'display_id': '1600009574919962625',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/MunTheShinobi',
+            'description': 'This is a genius ad by Apple. \U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525 https://t.co/cNsA0MoOml',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://pbs.twimg.com/ext_tw_video_thumb/1600009362759733248/pu/img/XVhFQivj75H_YxxV.jpg?name=orig',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'uploader': 'Mün The Shinobi | BlaqBoi\'s Therapist',
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'upload_date': '20221206',
+            'title': 'Mün The Shinobi | BlaqBoi\'s Therapist - This is a genius ad by Apple. \U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': [],
+            'uploader_id': 'MunTheShinobi',
+            'duration': 139.987,
+            'timestamp': 1670306984.0,
+        },
+        'params': {'extractor_args': {'twitter': {'force_graphql': ['']}}},
+    }, {
+        # url to retweet id
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/liberdalau/status/1623739803874349067',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1623274794488659969',
+            'display_id': '1623739803874349067',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Johnny Bullets - Me after going viral to over 30million people:    Whoopsie-daisy',
+            'description': 'md5:e873616a4a8fe0f93e71872678a672f3',
+            'uploader': 'Johnny Bullets',
+            'uploader_id': 'Johnnybull3ts',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Johnnybull3ts',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'tags': [],
+            'duration': 8.033,
+            'timestamp': 1675853859.0,
+            'upload_date': '20230208',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://pbs\.twimg\.com/ext_tw_video_thumb/.+',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+        },
+    }, {
+        # onion route
+        'url': 'https://twitter3e4tixl4xyajtrzo62zg5vztmjuricljdp2c5kshju4avyoid.onion/TwitterBlue/status/1484226494708662273',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }, {
         # Twitch Clip Embed
         'url': 'https://twitter.com/GunB1g/status/1163218564784017422',
@@ -436,16 +898,86 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
+    def _graphql_to_legacy(self, data, twid):
+        result = traverse_obj(data, (
+            'threaded_conversation_with_injections_v2', 'instructions', 0, 'entries',
+            lambda _, v: v['entryId'] == f'tweet-{twid}', 'content', 'itemContent',
+            'tweet_results', 'result', ('tweet', None),
+        ), expected_type=dict, default={}, get_all=False)
+
+        if result.get('__typename') not in ('Tweet', None):
+            self.report_warning(f'Unknown typename: {result.get("__typename")}', twid, only_once=True)
+
+        if 'tombstone' in result:
+            cause = traverse_obj(result, ('tombstone', 'text', 'text'), expected_type=str)
+            raise ExtractorError(f'Twitter API says: {cause or "Unknown error"}', expected=True)
+
+        status = result.get('legacy', {})
+        status.update(traverse_obj(result, {
+            'user': ('core', 'user_results', 'result', 'legacy'),
+            'card': ('card', 'legacy'),
+            'quoted_status': ('quoted_status_result', 'result', 'legacy'),
+        }, expected_type=dict, default={}))
+
+        # extra transformation is needed since result does not match legacy format
+        binding_values = {
+            binding_value.get('key'): binding_value.get('value')
+            for binding_value in traverse_obj(status, ('card', 'binding_values', ...), expected_type=dict)
+        }
+        if binding_values:
+            status['card']['binding_values'] = binding_values
+
+        return status
+
+    def _build_graphql_query(self, media_id):
+        return {
+            'variables': {
+                'focalTweetId': media_id,
+                'includePromotedContent': True,
+                'with_rux_injections': False,
+                'withBirdwatchNotes': True,
+                'withCommunity': True,
+                'withDownvotePerspective': False,
+                'withQuickPromoteEligibilityTweetFields': True,
+                'withReactionsMetadata': False,
+                'withReactionsPerspective': False,
+                'withSuperFollowsTweetFields': True,
+                'withSuperFollowsUserFields': True,
+                'withV2Timeline': True,
+                'withVoice': True,
+            },
+            'features': {
+                'graphql_is_translatable_rweb_tweet_is_translatable_enabled': False,
+                'interactive_text_enabled': True,
+                'responsive_web_edit_tweet_api_enabled': True,
+                'responsive_web_enhance_cards_enabled': True,
+                'responsive_web_graphql_timeline_navigation_enabled': False,
+                'responsive_web_text_conversations_enabled': False,
+                'responsive_web_uc_gql_enabled': True,
+                'standardized_nudges_misinfo': True,
+                'tweet_with_visibility_results_prefer_gql_limited_actions_policy_enabled': False,
+                'tweetypie_unmention_optimization_enabled': True,
+                'unified_cards_ad_metadata_container_dynamic_card_content_query_enabled': True,
+                'verified_phone_label_enabled': False,
+                'vibe_api_enabled': True,
+            },
+        }
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        twid = self._match_id(url)
-        status = self._call_api(
-            'statuses/show/%s.json' % twid, twid, {
+        twid, selected_index = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'index')
+        if self.is_logged_in or self._configuration_arg('force_graphql'):
+            self.write_debug(f'Using GraphQL API (Auth = {self.is_logged_in})')
+            result = self._call_graphql_api('zZXycP0V6H7m-2r0mOnFcA/TweetDetail', twid)
+            status = self._graphql_to_legacy(result, twid)
+
+        else:
+            status = traverse_obj(self._call_api(f'statuses/show/{twid}.json', twid, {
                 'cards_platform': 'Web-12',
                 'include_cards': 1,
                 'include_reply_count': 1,
                 'include_user_entities': 0,
                 'tweet_mode': 'extended',
-            })
+            }), 'retweeted_status', None)
 
         title = description = status['full_text'].replace('\n', ' ')
         # strip  'https -_t.co_BJYgOjSeGA' junk from filenames
@@ -453,16 +985,9 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
         user = status.get('user') or {}
         uploader = user.get('name')
         if uploader:
-            title = '%s - %s' % (uploader, title)
+            title = f'{uploader} - {title}'
         uploader_id = user.get('screen_name')
 
-        tags = []
-        for hashtag in (try_get(status, lambda x: x['entities']['hashtags'], list) or []):
-            hashtag_text = hashtag.get('text')
-            if not hashtag_text:
-                continue
-            tags.append(hashtag_text)
-
         info = {
             'id': twid,
             'title': title,
@@ -475,10 +1000,12 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
             'repost_count': int_or_none(status.get('retweet_count')),
             'comment_count': int_or_none(status.get('reply_count')),
             'age_limit': 18 if status.get('possibly_sensitive') else 0,
-            'tags': tags,
+            'tags': traverse_obj(status, ('entities', 'hashtags', ..., 'text')),
         }
 
         def extract_from_video_info(media):
+            media_id = traverse_obj(media, 'id_str', 'id', expected_type=str_or_none)
+            self.write_debug(f'Extracting from video info: {media_id}')
             video_info = media.get('video_info') or {}
 
             formats = []
@@ -487,7 +1014,6 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
                 fmts, subs = self._extract_variant_formats(variant, twid)
                 subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
                 formats.extend(fmts)
-            self._sort_formats(formats, ('res', 'br', 'size', 'proto'))  # The codec of http formats are unknown
 
             thumbnails = []
             media_url = media.get('media_url_https') or media.get('media_url')
@@ -503,90 +1029,132 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
                     add_thumbnail(name, size)
                 add_thumbnail('orig', media.get('original_info') or {})
 
-            info.update({
+            return {
+                'id': media_id,
                 'formats': formats,
                 'subtitles': subtitles,
                 'thumbnails': thumbnails,
+                'view_count': traverse_obj(media, ('mediaStats', 'viewCount', {int_or_none})),
                 'duration': float_or_none(video_info.get('duration_millis'), 1000),
-            })
+                # The codec of http formats are unknown
+                '_format_sort_fields': ('res', 'br', 'size', 'proto'),
+            }
 
-        media = traverse_obj(status, ((None, 'quoted_status'), 'extended_entities', 'media', 0), get_all=False)
-        if media and media.get('type') != 'photo':
-            extract_from_video_info(media)
-        else:
-            card = status.get('card')
-            if card:
-                binding_values = card['binding_values']
+        def extract_from_card_info(card):
+            if not card:
+                return
 
-                def get_binding_value(k):
-                    o = binding_values.get(k) or {}
-                    return try_get(o, lambda x: x[x['type'].lower() + '_value'])
+            self.write_debug(f'Extracting from card info: {card.get("url")}')
+            binding_values = card['binding_values']
 
-                card_name = card['name'].split(':')[-1]
-                if card_name == 'player':
-                    info.update({
-                        '_type': 'url',
-                        'url': get_binding_value('player_url'),
-                    })
-                elif card_name == 'periscope_broadcast':
-                    info.update({
-                        '_type': 'url',
-                        'url': get_binding_value('url') or get_binding_value('player_url'),
-                        'ie_key': PeriscopeIE.ie_key(),
-                    })
-                elif card_name == 'broadcast':
-                    info.update({
-                        '_type': 'url',
-                        'url': get_binding_value('broadcast_url'),
-                        'ie_key': TwitterBroadcastIE.ie_key(),
-                    })
-                elif card_name == 'summary':
-                    info.update({
-                        '_type': 'url',
-                        'url': get_binding_value('card_url'),
-                    })
-                elif card_name == 'unified_card':
-                    media_entities = self._parse_json(get_binding_value('unified_card'), twid)['media_entities']
-                    extract_from_video_info(next(iter(media_entities.values())))
-                # amplify, promo_video_website, promo_video_convo, appplayer,
-                # video_direct_message, poll2choice_video, poll3choice_video,
-                # poll4choice_video, ...
-                else:
-                    is_amplify = card_name == 'amplify'
-                    vmap_url = get_binding_value('amplify_url_vmap') if is_amplify else get_binding_value('player_stream_url')
-                    content_id = get_binding_value('%s_content_id' % (card_name if is_amplify else 'player'))
-                    formats, subtitles = self._extract_formats_from_vmap_url(vmap_url, content_id or twid)
-                    self._sort_formats(formats)
+            def get_binding_value(k):
+                o = binding_values.get(k) or {}
+                return try_get(o, lambda x: x[x['type'].lower() + '_value'])
 
-                    thumbnails = []
-                    for suffix in ('_small', '', '_large', '_x_large', '_original'):
-                        image = get_binding_value('player_image' + suffix) or {}
-                        image_url = image.get('url')
-                        if not image_url or '/player-placeholder' in image_url:
-                            continue
-                        thumbnails.append({
-                            'id': suffix[1:] if suffix else 'medium',
-                            'url': image_url,
-                            'width': int_or_none(image.get('width')),
-                            'height': int_or_none(image.get('height')),
-                        })
-
-                    info.update({
-                        'formats': formats,
-                        'subtitles': subtitles,
-                        'thumbnails': thumbnails,
-                        'duration': int_or_none(get_binding_value(
-                            'content_duration_seconds')),
-                    })
-            else:
-                expanded_url = try_get(status, lambda x: x['entities']['urls'][0]['expanded_url'])
-                if not expanded_url:
-                    raise ExtractorError("There's no video in this tweet.")
-                info.update({
+            card_name = card['name'].split(':')[-1]
+            if card_name == 'player':
+                yield {
                     '_type': 'url',
-                    'url': expanded_url,
-                })
-        return info
+                    'url': get_binding_value('player_url'),
+                }
+            elif card_name == 'periscope_broadcast':
+                yield {
+                    '_type': 'url',
+                    'url': get_binding_value('url') or get_binding_value('player_url'),
+                    'ie_key': PeriscopeIE.ie_key(),
+                }
+            elif card_name == 'broadcast':
+                yield {
+                    '_type': 'url',
+                    'url': get_binding_value('broadcast_url'),
+                    'ie_key': TwitterBroadcastIE.ie_key(),
+                }
+            elif card_name == 'audiospace':
+                yield {
+                    '_type': 'url',
+                    'url': f'https://twitter.com/i/spaces/{get_binding_value("id")}',
+                    'ie_key': TwitterSpacesIE.ie_key(),
+                }
+            elif card_name == 'summary':
+                yield {
+                    '_type': 'url',
+                    'url': get_binding_value('card_url'),
+                }
+            elif card_name == 'unified_card':
+                unified_card = self._parse_json(get_binding_value('unified_card'), twid)
+                yield from map(extract_from_video_info, traverse_obj(
+                    unified_card, ('media_entities', ...), expected_type=dict))
+            # amplify, promo_video_website, promo_video_convo, appplayer,
+            # video_direct_message, poll2choice_video, poll3choice_video,
+            # poll4choice_video, ...
+            else:
+                is_amplify = card_name == 'amplify'
+                vmap_url = get_binding_value('amplify_url_vmap') if is_amplify else get_binding_value('player_stream_url')
+                content_id = get_binding_value('%s_content_id' % (card_name if is_amplify else 'player'))
+                formats, subtitles = self._extract_formats_from_vmap_url(vmap_url, content_id or twid)
+
+                thumbnails = []
+                for suffix in ('_small', '', '_large', '_x_large', '_original'):
+                    image = get_binding_value('player_image' + suffix) or {}
+                    image_url = image.get('url')
+                    if not image_url or '/player-placeholder' in image_url:
+                        continue
+                    thumbnails.append({
+                        'id': suffix[1:] if suffix else 'medium',
+                        'url': image_url,
+                        'width': int_or_none(image.get('width')),
+                        'height': int_or_none(image.get('height')),
+                    })
+
+                yield {
+                    'formats': formats,
+                    'subtitles': subtitles,
+                    'thumbnails': thumbnails,
+                    'duration': int_or_none(get_binding_value(
+                        'content_duration_seconds')),
+                }
+
+        videos = traverse_obj(status, (
+            (None, 'quoted_status'), 'extended_entities', 'media', lambda _, m: m['type'] != 'photo', {dict}))
+
+        if self._yes_playlist(twid, selected_index, video_label='URL-specified video number'):
+            selected_entries = (*map(extract_from_video_info, videos), *extract_from_card_info(status.get('card')))
+        else:
+            desired_obj = traverse_obj(status, ('extended_entities', 'media', int(selected_index) - 1, {dict}))
+            if not desired_obj:
+                raise ExtractorError(f'Video #{selected_index} is unavailable', expected=True)
+            elif desired_obj.get('type') != 'video':
+                raise ExtractorError(f'Media #{selected_index} is not a video', expected=True)
+
+            # Restore original archive id and video index in title
+            for index, entry in enumerate(videos, 1):
+                if entry.get('id') != desired_obj.get('id'):
+                    continue
+                if index == 1:
+                    info['_old_archive_ids'] = [make_archive_id(self, twid)]
+                if len(videos) != 1:
+                    info['title'] += f' #{index}'
+                break
+
+            return {**info, **extract_from_video_info(desired_obj), 'display_id': twid}
+
+        entries = [{**info, **data, 'display_id': twid} for data in selected_entries]
+        if not entries:
+            expanded_url = traverse_obj(status, ('entities', 'urls', 0, 'expanded_url'), expected_type=url_or_none)
+            if not expanded_url or expanded_url == url:
+                raise ExtractorError('No video could be found in this tweet', expected=True)
+
+            return self.url_result(expanded_url, display_id=twid, **info)
+
+        entries[0]['_old_archive_ids'] = [make_archive_id(self, twid)]
+
+        if len(entries) == 1:
+            return entries[0]
+
+        for index, entry in enumerate(entries, 1):
+            entry['title'] += f' #{index}'
+
+        return self.playlist_result(entries, **info)
 
 
 class TwitterAmplifyIE(TwitterBaseIE):
@@ -595,13 +1163,14 @@ class TwitterAmplifyIE(TwitterBaseIE):
 
     _TEST = {
         'url': 'https://amp.twimg.com/v/0ba0c3c7-0af3-4c0a-bed5-7efd1ffa2951',
-        'md5': '7df102d0b9fd7066b86f3159f8e81bf6',
+        'md5': 'fec25801d18a4557c5c9f33d2c379ffa',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '0ba0c3c7-0af3-4c0a-bed5-7efd1ffa2951',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Twitter Video',
             'thumbnail': 're:^https?://.*',
         },
+        'params': {'format': '[protocol=https]'},
     }
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -610,7 +1179,7 @@ class TwitterAmplifyIE(TwitterBaseIE):
 
         vmap_url = self._html_search_meta(
             'twitter:amplify:vmap', webpage, 'vmap url')
-        formats = self._extract_formats_from_vmap_url(vmap_url, video_id)
+        formats, _ = self._extract_formats_from_vmap_url(vmap_url, video_id)
 
         thumbnails = []
         thumbnail = self._html_search_meta(
@@ -658,6 +1227,8 @@ class TwitterBroadcastIE(TwitterBaseIE, PeriscopeBaseIE):
             'title': 'Andrea May Sahouri - Periscope Broadcast',
             'uploader': 'Andrea May Sahouri',
             'uploader_id': '1PXEdBZWpGwKe',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+\.jpg\?token=',
+            'view_count': int,
         },
     }
 
@@ -669,7 +1240,7 @@ class TwitterBroadcastIE(TwitterBaseIE, PeriscopeBaseIE):
         info = self._parse_broadcast_data(broadcast, broadcast_id)
         media_key = broadcast['media_key']
         source = self._call_api(
-            'live_video_stream/status/' + media_key, media_key)['source']
+            f'live_video_stream/status/{media_key}', media_key)['source']
         m3u8_url = source.get('noRedirectPlaybackUrl') or source['location']
         if '/live_video_stream/geoblocked/' in m3u8_url:
             self.raise_geo_restricted()
@@ -681,6 +1252,100 @@ class TwitterBroadcastIE(TwitterBaseIE, PeriscopeBaseIE):
         return info
 
 
+class TwitterSpacesIE(TwitterBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'twitter:spaces'
+    _VALID_URL = TwitterBaseIE._BASE_REGEX + r'i/spaces/(?P<id>[0-9a-zA-Z]{13})'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/spaces/1RDxlgyvNXzJL',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1RDxlgyvNXzJL',
+            'ext': 'm4a',
+            'title': 'King Carlo e la mossa Kansas City per fare il Grande Centro',
+            'description': 'Twitter Space participated by annarita digiorgio, Signor Ernesto, Raffaello Colosimo, Simone M. Sepe',
+            'uploader': r're:Lucio Di Gaetano.*?',
+            'uploader_id': 'luciodigaetano',
+            'live_status': 'was_live',
+            'timestamp': 1659877956397,
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }]
+
+    SPACE_STATUS = {
+        'notstarted': 'is_upcoming',
+        'ended': 'was_live',
+        'running': 'is_live',
+        'timedout': 'post_live',
+    }
+
+    def _build_graphql_query(self, space_id):
+        return {
+            'variables': {
+                'id': space_id,
+                'isMetatagsQuery': True,
+                'withDownvotePerspective': False,
+                'withReactionsMetadata': False,
+                'withReactionsPerspective': False,
+                'withReplays': True,
+                'withSuperFollowsUserFields': True,
+                'withSuperFollowsTweetFields': True,
+            },
+            'features': {
+                'dont_mention_me_view_api_enabled': True,
+                'interactive_text_enabled': True,
+                'responsive_web_edit_tweet_api_enabled': True,
+                'responsive_web_enhance_cards_enabled': True,
+                'responsive_web_uc_gql_enabled': True,
+                'spaces_2022_h2_clipping': True,
+                'spaces_2022_h2_spaces_communities': False,
+                'standardized_nudges_misinfo': True,
+                'tweet_with_visibility_results_prefer_gql_limited_actions_policy_enabled': False,
+                'vibe_api_enabled': True,
+            },
+        }
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        space_id = self._match_id(url)
+        space_data = self._call_graphql_api('HPEisOmj1epUNLCWTYhUWw/AudioSpaceById', space_id)['audioSpace']
+        if not space_data:
+            raise ExtractorError('Twitter Space not found', expected=True)
+
+        metadata = space_data['metadata']
+        live_status = try_call(lambda: self.SPACE_STATUS[metadata['state'].lower()])
+
+        formats = []
+        if live_status == 'is_upcoming':
+            self.raise_no_formats('Twitter Space not started yet', expected=True)
+        elif live_status == 'post_live':
+            self.raise_no_formats('Twitter Space ended but not downloadable yet', expected=True)
+        else:
+            source = self._call_api(
+                f'live_video_stream/status/{metadata["media_key"]}', metadata['media_key'])['source']
+
+            # XXX: Native downloader does not work
+            formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                traverse_obj(source, 'noRedirectPlaybackUrl', 'location'),
+                metadata['media_key'], 'm4a', 'm3u8', live=live_status == 'is_live',
+                headers={'Referer': 'https://twitter.com/'})
+            for fmt in formats:
+                fmt.update({'vcodec': 'none', 'acodec': 'aac'})
+
+        participants = ', '.join(traverse_obj(
+            space_data, ('participants', 'speakers', ..., 'display_name'))) or 'nobody yet'
+        return {
+            'id': space_id,
+            'title': metadata.get('title'),
+            'description': f'Twitter Space participated by {participants}',
+            'uploader': traverse_obj(
+                metadata, ('creator_results', 'result', 'legacy', 'name')),
+            'uploader_id': traverse_obj(
+                metadata, ('creator_results', 'result', 'legacy', 'screen_name')),
+            'live_status': live_status,
+            'timestamp': metadata.get('created_at'),
+            'formats': formats,
+        }
+
+
 class TwitterShortenerIE(TwitterBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'twitter:shortener'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://t.co/(?P<id>[^?]+)|tco:(?P<eid>[^?]+)'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/txxx.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/txxx.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fff7a5d76c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/txxx.py
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+import base64
+import re
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    int_or_none,
+    js_to_json,
+    merge_dicts,
+    parse_duration,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_call,
+    urljoin,
+    variadic,
+)
+
+
+def decode_base64(text):
+    return base64.b64decode(text.translate(text.maketrans({
+        '\u0405': 'S',
+        '\u0406': 'I',
+        '\u0408': 'J',
+        '\u0410': 'A',
+        '\u0412': 'B',
+        '\u0415': 'E',
+        '\u041a': 'K',
+        '\u041c': 'M',
+        '\u041d': 'H',
+        '\u041e': 'O',
+        '\u0420': 'P',
+        '\u0421': 'C',
+        '\u0425': 'X',
+        ',': '/',
+        '.': '+',
+        '~': '=',
+    }))).decode()
+
+
+def get_formats(host, video_file):
+    return [{
+        'url': urljoin(f'https://{host}', decode_base64(video['video_url'])),
+        'format_id': try_call(lambda: variadic(video['format'])[0].lstrip('_')),
+        'quality': index,
+    } for index, video in enumerate(video_file) if video.get('video_url')]
+
+
+class TxxxIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _DOMAINS = (
+        'hclips.com',
+        'hdzog.com',
+        'hdzog.tube',
+        'hotmovs.com',
+        'hotmovs.tube',
+        'inporn.com',
+        'privatehomeclips.com',
+        'tubepornclassic.com',
+        'txxx.com',
+        'txxx.tube',
+        'upornia.com',
+        'upornia.tube',
+        'vjav.com',
+        'vjav.tube',
+        'vxxx.com',
+        'voyeurhit.com',
+        'voyeurhit.tube',
+    )
+    _VALID_URL = rf'''(?x)
+        https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<host>{"|".join(map(re.escape, _DOMAINS))})/
+        (?:videos?[/-]|embed/)(?P<id>\d+)(?:/(?P<display_id>[^/?#]+))?
+    '''
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [rf'<iframe[^>]+?src=(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?(?:{"|".join(map(re.escape, _DOMAINS))})/embed/[^"\']*)\1']
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://txxx.com/videos/16574965/digital-desire-malena-morgan/',
+        'md5': 'c54e4ace54320aaf8e2a72df87859391',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '16574965',
+            'display_id': 'digital-desire-malena-morgan',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Digital Desire - Malena Morgan',
+            'uploader': 'Lois Argentum',
+            'duration': 694,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://txxx.tube/videos/16574965/digital-desire-malena-morgan/',
+        'md5': 'c54e4ace54320aaf8e2a72df87859391',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '16574965',
+            'display_id': 'digital-desire-malena-morgan',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Digital Desire - Malena Morgan',
+            'uploader': 'Lois Argentum',
+            'duration': 694,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://vxxx.com/video-68925/',
+        'md5': '1fcff3748b0c5b41fe41d0afa22409e1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '68925',
+            'display_id': '68925',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Malena Morgan',
+            'uploader': 'Huge Hughes',
+            'duration': 694,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://hclips.com/videos/6291073/malena-morgan-masturbates-her-sweet/',
+        'md5': 'a5dd4f83363972ee043313cff85e7e26',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6291073',
+            'display_id': 'malena-morgan-masturbates-her-sweet',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Malena Morgan masturbates her sweet',
+            'uploader': 'John Salt',
+            'duration': 426,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://hdzog.com/videos/67063/gorgeous-malena-morgan-will-seduce-you-at-the-first-glance/',
+        'md5': 'f8bdedafd45d1ec2875c43fe33a846d3',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '67063',
+            'display_id': 'gorgeous-malena-morgan-will-seduce-you-at-the-first-glance',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Gorgeous Malena Morgan will seduce you at the first glance',
+            'uploader': 'momlesson',
+            'duration': 601,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://hdzog.tube/videos/67063/gorgeous-malena-morgan-will-seduce-you-at-the-first-glance/',
+        'md5': 'f8bdedafd45d1ec2875c43fe33a846d3',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '67063',
+            'display_id': 'gorgeous-malena-morgan-will-seduce-you-at-the-first-glance',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Gorgeous Malena Morgan will seduce you at the first glance',
+            'uploader': 'momlesson',
+            'duration': 601,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://hotmovs.com/videos/8789287/unbelievable-malena-morgan-performing-in-incredible-masturantion/',
+        'md5': '71d32c51584876472db87e561171a386',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '8789287',
+            'display_id': 'unbelievable-malena-morgan-performing-in-incredible-masturantion',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Unbelievable Malena Morgan performing in incredible masturantion',
+            'uploader': 'Davit Sanchez',
+            'duration': 940,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://hotmovs.tube/videos/8789287/unbelievable-malena-morgan-performing-in-incredible-masturantion/',
+        'md5': '71d32c51584876472db87e561171a386',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '8789287',
+            'display_id': 'unbelievable-malena-morgan-performing-in-incredible-masturantion',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Unbelievable Malena Morgan performing in incredible masturantion',
+            'uploader': 'Davit Sanchez',
+            'duration': 940,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://inporn.com/video/517897/malena-morgan-solo/',
+        'md5': '344db467481edf78f193cdf5820a7cfb',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '517897',
+            'display_id': 'malena-morgan-solo',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Malena Morgan - Solo',
+            'uploader': 'Ashley Oxy',
+            'duration': 480,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://privatehomeclips.com/videos/3630599/malena-morgan-cam-show/',
+        'md5': 'ea657273e352493c5fb6357fbfa4f126',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3630599',
+            'display_id': 'malena-morgan-cam-show',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'malena morgan cam show',
+            'uploader': 'Member9915',
+            'duration': 290,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://tubepornclassic.com/videos/1015455/mimi-rogers-full-body-massage-nude-compilation/',
+        'md5': '2e9a6cf610c9862e86e0ce24f08f4427',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1015455',
+            'display_id': 'mimi-rogers-full-body-massage-nude-compilation',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Mimi Rogers - Full Body Massage (Nude) compilation',
+            'uploader': '88bhuto',
+            'duration': 286,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://upornia.com/videos/1498858/twistys-malena-morgan-starring-at-dr-morgan-baller/',
+        'md5': '7ff7033340bc88a173198b7c22600e4f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1498858',
+            'display_id': 'twistys-malena-morgan-starring-at-dr-morgan-baller',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Twistys - Malena Morgan starring at Dr. Morgan-Baller',
+            'uploader': 'mindgeek',
+            'duration': 480,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://upornia.tube/videos/1498858/twistys-malena-morgan-starring-at-dr-morgan-baller/',
+        'md5': '7ff7033340bc88a173198b7c22600e4f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1498858',
+            'display_id': 'twistys-malena-morgan-starring-at-dr-morgan-baller',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Twistys - Malena Morgan starring at Dr. Morgan-Baller',
+            'uploader': 'mindgeek',
+            'duration': 480,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://vjav.com/videos/11761/yui-hatano-in-if-yui-was-my-girlfriend2/',
+        'md5': '6de5bc1f13bdfc3491a77f23edb1676f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '11761',
+            'display_id': 'yui-hatano-in-if-yui-was-my-girlfriend2',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Yui Hatano in If Yui Was My Girlfriend',
+            'uploader': 'Matheus69',
+            'duration': 3310,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://vjav.tube/videos/11761/yui-hatano-in-if-yui-was-my-girlfriend2/',
+        'md5': '6de5bc1f13bdfc3491a77f23edb1676f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '11761',
+            'display_id': 'yui-hatano-in-if-yui-was-my-girlfriend2',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Yui Hatano in If Yui Was My Girlfriend',
+            'uploader': 'Matheus69',
+            'duration': 3310,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://voyeurhit.com/videos/332875/charlotte-stokely-elle-alexandra-malena-morgan-lingerie/',
+        'md5': '12b4666e9c3e60dafe9182e5d12aae33',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '332875',
+            'display_id': 'charlotte-stokely-elle-alexandra-malena-morgan-lingerie',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Charlotte Stokely, Elle Alexandra, Malena Morgan-Lingerie',
+            'uploader': 'Kyle Roberts',
+            'duration': 655,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://voyeurhit.tube/videos/332875/charlotte-stokely-elle-alexandra-malena-morgan-lingerie/',
+        'md5': '12b4666e9c3e60dafe9182e5d12aae33',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '332875',
+            'display_id': 'charlotte-stokely-elle-alexandra-malena-morgan-lingerie',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Charlotte Stokely, Elle Alexandra, Malena Morgan-Lingerie',
+            'uploader': 'Kyle Roberts',
+            'duration': 655,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }]
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://pornzog.com/video/9125519/michelle-malone-dreamgirls-wild-wet-3/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5119660',
+            'display_id': '5119660',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Michelle Malone - Dreamgirls - Wild Wet 3',
+            'uploader': 'FallenAngel12',
+            'duration': 402,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _call_api(self, url, video_id, fatal=False, **kwargs):
+        content = self._download_json(url, video_id, fatal=fatal, **kwargs)
+        if traverse_obj(content, 'error'):
+            raise self._error_or_warning(ExtractorError(
+                f'Txxx said: {content["error"]}', expected=True), fatal=fatal)
+        return content or {}
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id, host, display_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'host', 'display_id')
+        headers = {'Referer': url, 'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'}
+
+        video_file = self._call_api(
+            f'https://{host}/api/videofile.php?video_id={video_id}&lifetime=8640000',
+            video_id, fatal=True, note='Downloading video file info', headers=headers)
+
+        slug = f'{int(1E6 * (int(video_id) // 1E6))}/{1000 * (int(video_id) // 1000)}'
+        video_info = self._call_api(
+            f'https://{host}/api/json/video/86400/{slug}/{video_id}.json',
+            video_id, note='Downloading video info', headers=headers)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'title': traverse_obj(video_info, ('video', 'title')),
+            'uploader': traverse_obj(video_info, ('video', 'user', 'username')),
+            'duration': parse_duration(traverse_obj(video_info, ('video', 'duration'))),
+            'view_count': int_or_none(traverse_obj(video_info, ('video', 'statistics', 'viewed'))),
+            'like_count': int_or_none(traverse_obj(video_info, ('video', 'statistics', 'likes'))),
+            'dislike_count': int_or_none(traverse_obj(video_info, ('video', 'statistics', 'dislikes'))),
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'formats': get_formats(host, video_file),
+        }
+
+
+class PornTopIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?P<host>(?:www\.)?porntop\.com)/video/(?P<id>\d+)(?:/(?P<display_id>[^/?]+))?'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://porntop.com/video/101569/triple-threat-with-lia-lor-malena-morgan-and-dani-daniels/',
+        'md5': '612ba7b3cb99455b382972948e200b08',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '101569',
+            'display_id': 'triple-threat-with-lia-lor-malena-morgan-and-dani-daniels',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Triple Threat With Lia Lor, Malena Morgan And Dani Daniels',
+            'description': 'md5:285357d9d3a00ce5acb29f39f826dbf6',
+            'uploader': 'PatrickBush',
+            'duration': 480,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'timestamp': 1609455029,
+            'upload_date': '20201231',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://tn.porntop.com/media/tn/sources/101569_1.jpg',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id, host, display_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'host', 'display_id')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        json_ld = self._json_ld(self._search_json(
+            r'\bschemaJson\s*=', webpage, 'JSON-LD', video_id, transform_source=js_to_json,
+            contains_pattern='{[^<]+?VideoObject[^<]+};'), video_id, fatal=True)
+
+        video_file = self._parse_json(decode_base64(self._search_regex(
+            r"window\.initPlayer\(.*}}},\s*'(?P<json_b64c>[^']+)'",
+            webpage, 'json_urls', group='json_b64c')), video_id)
+
+        return merge_dicts({
+            'id': video_id,
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'formats': get_formats(host, video_file),
+        }, json_ld)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/udemy.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/udemy.py
index 1dc2dbdc46..329e5da2d9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/udemy.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/udemy.py
@@ -11,8 +11,10 @@ from ..utils import (
     int_or_none,
     js_to_json,
     sanitized_Request,
+    smuggle_url,
     try_get,
     unescapeHTML,
+    unsmuggle_url,
     url_or_none,
     urlencode_postdata,
 )
@@ -106,7 +108,7 @@ class UdemyIE(InfoExtractor):
             % (course_id, lecture_id),
             lecture_id, 'Downloading lecture JSON', query={
                 'fields[lecture]': 'title,description,view_html,asset',
-                'fields[asset]': 'asset_type,stream_url,thumbnail_url,download_urls,stream_urls,captions,data',
+                'fields[asset]': 'asset_type,stream_url,thumbnail_url,download_urls,stream_urls,captions,data,course_is_drmed',
             })
 
     def _handle_error(self, response):
@@ -199,16 +201,19 @@ class UdemyIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         lecture_id = self._match_id(url)
+        course_id = unsmuggle_url(url, {})[1].get('course_id')
 
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, lecture_id)
-
-        course_id, _ = self._extract_course_info(webpage, lecture_id)
+        webpage = None
+        if not course_id:
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, lecture_id)
+            course_id, _ = self._extract_course_info(webpage, lecture_id)
 
         try:
             lecture = self._download_lecture(course_id, lecture_id)
         except ExtractorError as e:
             # Error could possibly mean we are not enrolled in the course
             if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 403:
+                webpage = webpage or self._download_webpage(url, lecture_id)
                 self._enroll_course(url, webpage, course_id)
                 lecture = self._download_lecture(course_id, lecture_id)
             else:
@@ -391,7 +396,8 @@ class UdemyIE(InfoExtractor):
                 if f.get('url'):
                     formats.append(f)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        if not formats and asset.get('course_is_drmed'):
+            self.report_drm(video_id)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
@@ -405,7 +411,7 @@ class UdemyIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
-class UdemyCourseIE(UdemyIE):
+class UdemyCourseIE(UdemyIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'udemy:course'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:[^/]+\.)?udemy\.com/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -451,7 +457,9 @@ class UdemyCourseIE(UdemyIE):
                 if lecture_id:
                     entry = {
                         '_type': 'url_transparent',
-                        'url': 'https://www.udemy.com/%s/learn/v4/t/lecture/%s' % (course_path, entry['id']),
+                        'url': smuggle_url(
+                            f'https://www.udemy.com/{course_path}/learn/v4/t/lecture/{entry["id"]}',
+                            {'course_id': course_id}),
                         'title': entry.get('title'),
                         'ie_key': UdemyIE.ie_key(),
                     }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/udn.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/udn.py
index 9fdb46faf6..10668ac4b8 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/udn.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/udn.py
@@ -90,8 +90,6 @@ class UDNEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
                     })
                 formats.append(a_format)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/uktvplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/uktvplay.py
index 819ac5a35a..ab22a8e2dd 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/uktvplay.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/uktvplay.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from .common import InfoExtractor
 
 
 class UKTVPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://uktvplay\.(?:uktv\.)?co\.uk/(?:.+?\?.*?\bvideo=|([^/]+/)*watch-online/)(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://uktvplay\.(?:uktv\.)?co\.uk/(?:.+?\?.*?\bvideo=|([^/]+/)*)(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://uktvplay.uktv.co.uk/shows/world-at-war/c/200/watch-online/?video=2117008346001',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ class UKTVPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://uktvplay.uktv.co.uk/shows/africa/watch-online/5983349675001',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://uktvplay.co.uk/shows/hornby-a-model-world/series-1/episode-1/6276739790001?autoplaying=true',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
     # BRIGHTCOVE_URL_TEMPLATE = 'https://players.brightcove.net/1242911124001/OrCyvJ2gyL_default/index.html?videoId=%s'
     BRIGHTCOVE_URL_TEMPLATE = 'http://players.brightcove.net/1242911124001/H1xnMOqP_default/index.html?videoId=%s'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/umg.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/umg.py
index e6ed656b92..3ffcb7364a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/umg.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/umg.py
@@ -86,7 +86,6 @@ class UMGDeIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not formats:
             for format_id in (867, 836, 940):
                 add_m3u8_format(format_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/unistra.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/unistra.py
index 083c87209e..6e872cd14f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/unistra.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/unistra.py
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ class UnistraIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': format_id,
                 'quality': quality(format_id)
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._html_search_regex(
             r'<title>UTV - (.*?)</', webpage, 'title')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/unscripted.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/unscripted.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6643a71b10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/unscripted.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import parse_duration, traverse_obj
+
+
+class UnscriptedNewsVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.unscripted\.news/videos/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.unscripted.news/videos/a-day-at-the-farmers-protest',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '60c0a55cd1e99b1079918a57',
+            'display_id': 'a-day-at-the-farmers-protest',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'A Day at the Farmers\' Protest',
+            'description': 'md5:4b3df22747a03e8f14f746dd72190384',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://s3.unscripted.news/anj2/60c0a55cd1e99b1079918a57/5f199a65-c803-4a5c-8fce-2077359c3b72.jpg',
+            'duration': 2251.0,
+            'series': 'Ground Reports',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.unscripted.news/videos/you-get-the-politicians-you-deserve-ft-shashi-tharoor',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5fb3afbf18ac817d341a74d8',
+            'display_id': 'you-get-the-politicians-you-deserve-ft-shashi-tharoor',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'cast': ['Avalok Langer', 'Ashwin Mehta'],
+            'thumbnail': 'https://s3.unscripted.news/anj2/5fb3afbf18ac817d341a74d8/82bd7942-4f20-4cd8-98ae-83f9e814f998.jpg',
+            'description': 'md5:1e91b069238a705ca3a40f87e6f1182c',
+            'duration': 1046.0,
+            'series': 'Dumb Questions Only',
+            'title': 'You Get The Politicians You Deserve! ft. Shashi Tharoor',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+        nextjs_data = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, display_id)['props']['pageProps']['dataLocal']
+
+        # TODO: get subtitle from srt key
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(nextjs_data['alt_content'], display_id)
+
+        return {
+            'id': nextjs_data['_id'],
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'title': nextjs_data.get('title') or self._og_search_title(webpage),
+            'description': nextjs_data.get('sh_heading') or self._og_search_description(webpage),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage),
+            'duration': parse_duration(nextjs_data.get('duration')),
+            'series': traverse_obj(nextjs_data, ('show', 'topic')),
+            'cast': traverse_obj(nextjs_data, ('cast_crew', ..., 'displayname')),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/unsupported.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/unsupported.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a56bd284f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/unsupported.py
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import ExtractorError, classproperty, remove_start
+
+
+class UnsupportedInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_DESC = False
+    URLS = ()  # Redefine in subclasses
+
+    @classproperty
+    def IE_NAME(cls):
+        return remove_start(super().IE_NAME, 'Known')
+
+    @classproperty
+    def _VALID_URL(cls):
+        return rf'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:{"|".join(cls.URLS)})'
+
+
+LF = '\n       '
+
+
+class KnownDRMIE(UnsupportedInfoExtractor):
+    """Sites that are known to use DRM for all their videos
+
+    Add to this list only if:
+    * You are reasonably certain that the site uses DRM for ALL their videos
+    * Multiple users have asked about this site on github/reddit/discord
+    """
+
+    URLS = (
+        r'play\.hbomax\.com',
+        r'channel(?:4|5)\.com',
+        r'peacocktv\.com',
+        r'(?:[\w\.]+\.)?disneyplus\.com',
+        r'open\.spotify\.com/(?:track|playlist|album|artist)',
+        r'tvnz\.co\.nz',
+        r'oneplus\.ch',
+        r'artstation\.com/learning/courses',
+        r'philo\.com',
+        r'(?:[\w\.]+\.)?mech-plus\.com',
+        r'aha\.video',
+        r'mubi\.com',
+        r'vootkids\.com',
+        r'nowtv\.it/watch',
+        r'tv\.apple\.com',
+    )
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4309
+        'url': 'https://peacocktv.com/watch/playback/vod/GMO_00000000073159_01/f9d03003-eb04-3c7f-a7b6-a83ab7eb55bc',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/1719,
+        'url': 'https://www.channel4.com/programmes/gurren-lagann/on-demand/69960-001',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/1548
+        'url': 'https://www.channel5.com/show/uk-s-strongest-man-2021/season-2021/episode-1',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': r'https://hsesn.apps.disneyplus.com',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': r'https://www.disneyplus.com',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://open.spotify.com/artist/',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://open.spotify.com/track/',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4122
+        'url': 'https://www.tvnz.co.nz/shows/ice-airport-alaska/episodes/s1-e1',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/1922
+        'url': 'https://www.oneplus.ch/play/1008188',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/1140
+        'url': 'https://www.artstation.com/learning/courses/dqQ/character-design-masterclass-with-serge-birault/chapters/Rxn3/introduction',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3544
+        'url': 'https://www.philo.com/player/player/vod/Vk9EOjYwODU0ODg5OTY0ODY0OTQ5NA',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3533
+        'url': 'https://www.mech-plus.com/player/24892/stream?assetType=episodes&playlist_id=6',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://watch.mech-plus.com/details/25240?playlist_id=6',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/2934
+        'url': 'https://www.aha.video/player/movie/lucky-man',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/2743
+        'url': 'https://mubi.com/films/the-night-doctor',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3287
+        'url': 'https://www.vootkids.com/movies/chhota-bheem-the-rise-of-kirmada/764459',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/2744
+        'url': 'https://www.nowtv.it/watch/home/asset/and-just-like-that/skyserie_f8fe979772e8437d8a61ab83b6d293e9/seasons/1/episodes/8/R_126182_HD',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5557
+        'url': 'https://tv.apple.com/it/show/loot---una-fortuna/umc.cmc.5erbujil1mpazuerhr1udnk45?ctx_brand=tvs.sbd.4000',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        raise ExtractorError(
+            f'The requested site is known to use DRM protection. '
+            f'It will {self._downloader._format_err("NOT", self._downloader.Styles.EMPHASIS)} be supported.{LF}'
+            f'Please {self._downloader._format_err("DO NOT", self._downloader.Styles.ERROR)} open an issue, '
+            'unless you have evidence that the video is not DRM protected', expected=True)
+
+
+class KnownPiracyIE(UnsupportedInfoExtractor):
+    """Sites that have been deemed to be piracy
+
+    In order for this to not end up being a catalog of piracy sites,
+    only sites that were once supported should be added to this list
+    """
+
+    URLS = (
+        r'dood\.(?:to|watch|so|pm|wf|re)',
+        # Sites youtube-dl supports, but we won't
+        r'https://viewsb\.com',
+        r'https://filemoon\.sx',
+    )
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'http://dood.to/e/5s1wmbdacezb',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        raise ExtractorError(
+            f'This website is no longer supported since it has been determined to be primarily used for piracy.{LF}'
+            f'{self._downloader._format_err("DO NOT", self._downloader.Styles.ERROR)} open issues for it', expected=True)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/uol.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/uol.py
index e3d9127d8e..068c2b87db 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/uol.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/uol.py
@@ -107,7 +107,6 @@ class UOLIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': f_url,
                 'quality': quality(format_id),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         tags = []
         for tag in video_data.get('tags', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/uplynk.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/uplynk.py
index 04c96f388c..e7d816ef4f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/uplynk.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/uplynk.py
@@ -2,41 +2,42 @@ import re
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
-    float_or_none,
     ExtractorError,
+    float_or_none,
+    smuggle_url,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unsmuggle_url,
+    update_url_query,
 )
 
 
-class UplynkIE(InfoExtractor):
-    IE_NAME = 'uplynk'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://.*?\.uplynk\.com/(?P<path>ext/[0-9a-f]{32}/(?P<external_id>[^/?&]+)|(?P<id>[0-9a-f]{32}))\.(?:m3u8|json)(?:.*?\bpbs=(?P<session_id>[^&]+))?'
-    _TEST = {
-        'url': 'http://content.uplynk.com/e89eaf2ce9054aa89d92ddb2d817a52e.m3u8',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'e89eaf2ce9054aa89d92ddb2d817a52e',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': '030816-kgo-530pm-solar-eclipse-vid_web.mp4',
-            'uploader_id': '4413701bf5a1488db55b767f8ae9d4fa',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            # m3u8 download
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }
+class UplynkBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _UPLYNK_URL_RE = r'''(?x)
+        https?://[\w-]+\.uplynk\.com/(?P<path>
+            ext/[0-9a-f]{32}/(?P<external_id>[^/?&]+)|
+            (?P<id>[0-9a-f]{32})
+        )\.(?:m3u8|json)
+        (?:.*?\bpbs=(?P<session_id>[^&]+))?'''
 
-    def _extract_uplynk_info(self, uplynk_content_url):
-        path, external_id, video_id, session_id = re.match(UplynkIE._VALID_URL, uplynk_content_url).groups()
+    def _extract_uplynk_info(self, url):
+        uplynk_content_url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
+        mobj = re.match(self._UPLYNK_URL_RE, uplynk_content_url)
+        if not mobj:
+            raise ExtractorError('Necessary parameters not found in Uplynk URL')
+        path, external_id, video_id, session_id = mobj.group('path', 'external_id', 'id', 'session_id')
         display_id = video_id or external_id
+        headers = traverse_obj(
+            smuggled_data, {'Referer': 'Referer', 'Origin': 'Origin'}, casesense=False)
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
-            'http://content.uplynk.com/%s.m3u8' % path,
-            display_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native')
+            f'http://content.uplynk.com/{path}.m3u8', display_id, 'mp4', headers=headers)
         if session_id:
             for f in formats:
-                f['extra_param_to_segment_url'] = 'pbs=' + session_id
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-        asset = self._download_json('http://content.uplynk.com/player/assetinfo/%s.json' % path, display_id)
+                f['extra_param_to_segment_url'] = f'pbs={session_id}'
+        asset = self._download_json(
+            f'http://content.uplynk.com/player/assetinfo/{path}.json', display_id)
         if asset.get('error') == 1:
-            raise ExtractorError('% said: %s' % (self.IE_NAME, asset['msg']), expected=True)
+            msg = asset.get('msg') or 'unknown error'
+            raise ExtractorError(f'{self.IE_NAME} said: {msg}', expected=True)
 
         return {
             'id': asset['asset'],
@@ -48,21 +49,40 @@ class UplynkIE(InfoExtractor):
             'subtitles': subtitles,
         }
 
+
+class UplynkIE(UplynkBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'uplynk'
+    _VALID_URL = UplynkBaseIE._UPLYNK_URL_RE
+    _TEST = {
+        'url': 'http://content.uplynk.com/e89eaf2ce9054aa89d92ddb2d817a52e.m3u8',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'e89eaf2ce9054aa89d92ddb2d817a52e',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '030816-kgo-530pm-solar-eclipse-vid_web.mp4',
+            'uploader_id': '4413701bf5a1488db55b767f8ae9d4fa',
+            'duration': 530.2739166666679,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         return self._extract_uplynk_info(url)
 
 
-class UplynkPreplayIE(UplynkIE):
+class UplynkPreplayIE(UplynkBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'uplynk:preplay'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://.*?\.uplynk\.com/preplay2?/(?P<path>ext/[0-9a-f]{32}/(?P<external_id>[^/?&]+)|(?P<id>[0-9a-f]{32}))\.json'
-    _TEST = None
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://[\w-]+\.uplynk\.com/preplay2?/(?P<path>ext/[0-9a-f]{32}/(?P<external_id>[^/?&]+)|(?P<id>[0-9a-f]{32}))\.json'
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
+        url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
         path, external_id, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
         display_id = video_id or external_id
         preplay = self._download_json(url, display_id)
-        content_url = 'http://content.uplynk.com/%s.m3u8' % path
+        content_url = f'http://content.uplynk.com/{path}.m3u8'
         session_id = preplay.get('sid')
         if session_id:
-            content_url += '?pbs=' + session_id
-        return self._extract_uplynk_info(content_url)
+            content_url = update_url_query(content_url, {'pbs': session_id})
+        return self._extract_uplynk_info(smuggle_url(content_url, smuggled_data))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/urort.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/urort.py
index 3f687f737b..debd2ba9ec 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/urort.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/urort.py
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ class UrortIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': 'http://p3urort.blob.core.windows.net/tracks/%s' % f['FileRef'],
                 'quality': 3 if f['FileType'] == 'mp3' else 2,
             } for f in s['Files']]
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             e = {
                 'id': '%d-%s' % (s['BandId'], s['$id']),
                 'title': s['Title'],
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/urplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/urplay.py
index 30bd3dcbf3..5d69dadd67 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/urplay.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/urplay.py
@@ -14,12 +14,13 @@ class URPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?ur(?:play|skola)\.se/(?:program|Produkter)/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://urplay.se/program/203704-ur-samtiden-livet-universum-och-rymdens-markliga-musik-om-vetenskap-kritiskt-tankande-och-motstand',
-        'md5': 'ff5b0c89928f8083c74bbd5099c9292d',
+        'md5': '5ba36643c77cc3d34ffeadad89937d1e',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '203704',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'UR Samtiden - Livet, universum och rymdens märkliga musik : Om vetenskap, kritiskt tänkande och motstånd',
             'description': 'md5:5344508a52aa78c1ced6c1b8b9e44e9a',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
             'timestamp': 1513292400,
             'upload_date': '20171214',
             'series': 'UR Samtiden - Livet, universum och rymdens märkliga musik',
@@ -29,6 +30,24 @@ class URPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
             'episode': 'Om vetenskap, kritiskt tänkande och motstånd',
             'age_limit': 15,
         },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://urplay.se/program/222967-en-foralders-dagbok-mitt-barn-skadar-sig-sjalv',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '222967',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'En förälders dagbok : Mitt barn skadar sig själv',
+            'description': 'md5:9f771eef03a732a213b367b52fe826ca',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
+            'timestamp': 1629676800,
+            'upload_date': '20210823',
+            'series': 'En förälders dagbok',
+            'duration': 1740,
+            'age_limit': 15,
+            'episode_number': 3,
+            'categories': 'count:2',
+            'tags': 'count:7',
+            'episode': 'Mitt barn skadar sig själv',
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://urskola.se/Produkter/190031-Tripp-Trapp-Trad-Sovkudde',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -36,12 +55,17 @@ class URPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Tripp, Trapp, Träd : Sovkudde',
             'description': 'md5:b86bffdae04a7e9379d1d7e5947df1d1',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
             'timestamp': 1440086400,
             'upload_date': '20150820',
             'series': 'Tripp, Trapp, Träd',
             'duration': 865,
+            'age_limit': 1,
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'categories': [],
             'tags': ['Sova'],
             'episode': 'Sovkudde',
+            'season': 'Säsong 1',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://urskola.se/Produkter/155794-Smasagor-meankieli-Grodan-i-vida-varlden',
@@ -69,14 +93,13 @@ class URPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
         urplayer_streams = urplayer_data.get('streamingInfo', {})
 
         for k, v in urplayer_streams.get('raw', {}).items():
-            if not (k in ('sd', 'hd') and isinstance(v, dict)):
+            if not (k in ('sd', 'hd', 'mp3', 'm4a') and isinstance(v, dict)):
                 continue
             file_http = v.get('location')
             if file_http:
                 formats.extend(self._extract_wowza_formats(
                     'http://%s/%splaylist.m3u8' % (host, file_http),
                     video_id, skip_protocols=['f4m', 'rtmp', 'rtsp']))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/usanetwork.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/usanetwork.py
index d6b58a51c4..4a06a9ad40 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/usanetwork.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/usanetwork.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from .nbc import NBCIE
 
 
-class USANetworkIE(NBCIE):
+class USANetworkIE(NBCIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https?(?P<permalink>://(?:www\.)?usanetwork\.com/(?:[^/]+/videos?|movies?)/(?:[^/]+/)?(?P<id>\d+))'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.usanetwork.com/peacock-trailers/video/intelligence-trailer/4185302',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ustream.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ustream.py
index cb920bf13b..5df2416537 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ustream.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ustream.py
@@ -210,8 +210,6 @@ class UstreamIE(InfoExtractor):
                 formats.extend(self._parse_segmented_mp4(dash_streams))
             '''
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         description = video.get('description')
         timestamp = int_or_none(video.get('created_at'))
         duration = float_or_none(video.get('length'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ustudio.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ustudio.py
index fd5dad0fc0..c3aeeb9615 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ustudio.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ustudio.py
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ class UstudioIE(InfoExtractor):
             } for item in config.findall('./qualities/quality/%s' % kind) if item.get('url')]
 
         formats = extract('video')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
 
@@ -98,7 +97,6 @@ class UstudioEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'width': int_or_none(quality.get('width')),
                     'height': height,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnails = []
         for image in video_data.get('images', []):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/utreon.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/utreon.py
index 1213ae1bf5..90c10c051a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/utreon.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/utreon.py
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ class UtreonIE(InfoExtractor):
             'format_id': format_key.split('_')[1],
             'height': int(format_key.split('_')[1][:-1]),
         } for format_key, format_url in videos_json.items() if url_or_none(format_url)]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         thumbnail = url_or_none(dict_get(json_data, ('cover_image_url', 'preview_image_url')))
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/veo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/veo.py
index 25d462a7d0..ef44d421ec 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/veo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/veo.py
@@ -65,8 +65,6 @@ class VeoIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'vbr': int_or_none(fmt.get('bit_rate'), scale=1000),
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': str_or_none(metadata.get('title')),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/veoh.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/veoh.py
index 70280ae850..92ff86521a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/veoh.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/veoh.py
@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+import functools
+import json
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    OnDemandPagedList,
     int_or_none,
     parse_duration,
     qualities,
-    try_get
+    try_get,
 )
 
 
@@ -100,7 +105,6 @@ class VeohIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'quality': q(f_id),
                     'url': f_url,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         categories = metadata.get('categoryPath')
         if not categories:
@@ -123,3 +127,62 @@ class VeohIE(InfoExtractor):
             'categories': categories,
             'tags': tags.split(', ') if tags else None,
         }
+
+
+class VeohUserIE(VeohIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?veoh\.com/users/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    IE_NAME = 'veoh:user'
+
+    _TESTS = [
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.veoh.com/users/valentinazoe',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'valentinazoe',
+                'title': 'valentinazoe (Uploads)'
+            },
+            'playlist_mincount': 75
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.veoh.com/users/PiensaLibre',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'PiensaLibre',
+                'title': 'PiensaLibre (Uploads)'
+            },
+            'playlist_mincount': 2
+        }]
+
+    _PAGE_SIZE = 16
+
+    def _fetch_page(self, uploader, page):
+        response = self._download_json(
+            'https://www.veoh.com/users/published/videos', uploader,
+            note=f'Downloading videos page {page + 1}',
+            headers={
+                'x-csrf-token': self._TOKEN,
+                'content-type': 'application/json;charset=UTF-8'
+            },
+            data=json.dumps({
+                'username': uploader,
+                'maxResults': self._PAGE_SIZE,
+                'page': page + 1,
+                'requestName': 'userPage'
+            }).encode('utf-8'))
+        if not response.get('success'):
+            raise ExtractorError(response['message'])
+
+        for video in response['videos']:
+            yield self.url_result(f'https://www.veoh.com/watch/{video["permalinkId"]}', VeohIE,
+                                  video['permalinkId'], video.get('title'))
+
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(
+            'https://www.veoh.com', None, note='Downloading authorization token')
+        self._TOKEN = self._search_regex(
+            r'csrfToken:\s*(["\'])(?P<token>[0-9a-zA-Z]{40})\1', webpage,
+            'request token', group='token')
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        uploader = self._match_id(url)
+        return self.playlist_result(OnDemandPagedList(
+            functools.partial(self._fetch_page, uploader),
+            self._PAGE_SIZE), uploader, f'{uploader} (Uploads)')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vevo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vevo.py
index a146be0486..da4ce49ca6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vevo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vevo.py
@@ -274,7 +274,6 @@ class VevoIE(VevoBaseIE):
                     'width': int(m.group('width')),
                     'height': int(m.group('height')),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         track = video_info['title']
         if featured_artist:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vgtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vgtv.py
index 3e0af7fb23..db338fa106 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vgtv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vgtv.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
-class VGTVIE(XstreamIE):
+class VGTVIE(XstreamIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_DESC = 'VGTV, BTTV, FTV, Aftenposten and Aftonbladet'
     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 
@@ -238,8 +238,6 @@ class VGTVIE(XstreamIE):
                 raise self.raise_geo_restricted(
                     countries=[host.rpartition('.')[-1].partition('/')[0].upper()])
 
-        self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
-
         info.update({
             'id': video_id,
             'title': data['title'],
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vice.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vice.py
index f3ad56bf11..d1a3b48aac 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vice.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vice.py
@@ -150,7 +150,6 @@ class ViceIE(ViceBaseIE, AdobePassIE):
         video_data = preplay['video']
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             preplay['playURL'], video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         episode = video_data.get('episode') or {}
         channel = video_data.get('channel') or {}
         season = video_data.get('season') or {}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/viddler.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/viddler.py
index d81a31375d..40914774ab 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/viddler.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/viddler.py
@@ -116,7 +116,6 @@ class ViddlerIE(InfoExtractor):
                 f['format_id'] = format_id + '-html5'
                 f['source_preference'] = 0
                 formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         categories = [
             t.get('text') for t in data.get('tags', []) if 'text' in t]
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/videa.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/videa.py
index fa16da28b4..59ae933b08 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/videa.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/videa.py
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class VideaIE(InfoExtractor):
             result += s[i - (self._STATIC_SECRET.index(l[i]) - 31)]
 
         query = parse_qs(player_url)
-        random_seed = ''.join(random.choice(string.ascii_letters + string.digits) for _ in range(8))
+        random_seed = ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_letters + string.digits, k=8))
         query['_s'] = random_seed
         query['_t'] = result[:16]
 
@@ -167,7 +167,6 @@ class VideaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': int_or_none(source.get('height')),
             })
             formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnail = self._proto_relative_url(xpath_text(video, './poster_src'))
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/videocampus_sachsen.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/videocampus_sachsen.py
index 1aa84ea701..982ab3dd08 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/videocampus_sachsen.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/videocampus_sachsen.py
@@ -173,7 +173,6 @@ class VideocampusSachsenIE(InfoExtractor):
                 raise
 
         formats.append({'url': f'https://{host}/getMedium/{video_id}.mp4'})
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/videoken.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/videoken.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..560b41a6d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/videoken.py
@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+import base64
+import functools
+import math
+import re
+import time
+import urllib.parse
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from .slideslive import SlidesLiveIE
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    InAdvancePagedList,
+    int_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    update_url_query,
+    url_or_none,
+)
+
+
+class VideoKenBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _ORGANIZATIONS = {
+        'videos.icts.res.in': 'icts',
+        'videos.cncf.io': 'cncf',
+        'videos.neurips.cc': 'neurips',
+    }
+    _BASE_URL_RE = rf'https?://(?P<host>{"|".join(map(re.escape, _ORGANIZATIONS))})/'
+
+    _PAGE_SIZE = 12
+
+    def _get_org_id_and_api_key(self, org, video_id):
+        details = self._download_json(
+            f'https://analytics.videoken.com/api/videolake/{org}/details', video_id,
+            note='Downloading organization ID and API key', headers={
+                'Accept': 'application/json',
+            })
+        return details['id'], details['apikey']
+
+    def _create_slideslive_url(self, video_url, video_id, referer):
+        if not video_url and not video_id:
+            return
+        elif not video_url or 'embed/sign-in' in video_url:
+            video_url = f'https://slideslive.com/embed/{video_id.lstrip("slideslive-")}'
+        if url_or_none(referer):
+            return update_url_query(video_url, {
+                'embed_parent_url': referer,
+                'embed_container_origin': f'https://{urllib.parse.urlparse(referer).netloc}',
+            })
+        return video_url
+
+    def _extract_videos(self, videos, url):
+        for video in traverse_obj(videos, (('videos', 'results'), ...)):
+            video_id = traverse_obj(video, 'youtube_id', 'videoid')
+            if not video_id:
+                continue
+            ie_key = None
+            if traverse_obj(video, 'type', 'source') == 'youtube':
+                video_url = video_id
+                ie_key = 'Youtube'
+            else:
+                video_url = traverse_obj(video, 'embed_url', 'embeddableurl')
+                if urllib.parse.urlparse(video_url).netloc == 'slideslive.com':
+                    ie_key = SlidesLiveIE
+                    video_url = self._create_slideslive_url(video_url, video_id, url)
+            if not video_url:
+                continue
+            yield self.url_result(video_url, ie_key, video_id)
+
+
+class VideoKenIE(VideoKenBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = VideoKenBaseIE._BASE_URL_RE + r'(?:(?:topic|category)/[^/#?]+/)?video/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        # neurips -> videoken -> slideslive
+        'url': 'https://videos.neurips.cc/video/slideslive-38922815',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38922815',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Efficient Processing of Deep Neural Network: from Algorithms to Hardware Architectures',
+            'timestamp': 1630939331,
+            'upload_date': '20210906',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:330',
+            'chapters': 'count:329',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Failed to download VideoKen API JSON'],
+    }, {
+        # neurips -> videoken -> slideslive -> youtube
+        'url': 'https://videos.neurips.cc/topic/machine%20learning/video/slideslive-38923348',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2Xa_dt78rJE',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'display_id': '38923348',
+            'title': 'Machine Education',
+            'description': 'Watch full version of this video at https://slideslive.com/38923348.',
+            'channel': 'SlidesLive Videos - G2',
+            'channel_id': 'UCOExahQQ588Da8Nft_Ltb9w',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOExahQQ588Da8Nft_Ltb9w',
+            'uploader': 'SlidesLive Videos - G2',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCOExahQQ588Da8Nft_Ltb9w',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOExahQQ588Da8Nft_Ltb9w',
+            'duration': 2504,
+            'timestamp': 1618922125,
+            'upload_date': '20200131',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'availability': 'unlisted',
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
+            'tags': [],
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|webp)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:78',
+            'chapters': 'count:77',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Failed to download VideoKen API JSON'],
+    }, {
+        # icts -> videoken -> youtube
+        'url': 'https://videos.icts.res.in/topic/random%20variable/video/zysIsojYdvc',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'zysIsojYdvc',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Small-worlds, complex networks and random graphs (Lecture 3)  by Remco van der Hofstad',
+            'description': 'md5:87433069d79719eeadc1962cc2ace00b',
+            'channel': 'International Centre for Theoretical Sciences',
+            'channel_id': 'UCO3xnVTHzB7l-nc8mABUJIQ',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCO3xnVTHzB7l-nc8mABUJIQ',
+            'uploader': 'International Centre for Theoretical Sciences',
+            'uploader_id': 'ICTStalks',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/ICTStalks',
+            'duration': 3372,
+            'upload_date': '20191004',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'live_status': 'not_live',
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
+            'tags': [],
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|webp)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:42',
+            'chapters': 'count:20',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://videos.cncf.io/category/478/video/IL4nxbmUIX8',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://videos.cncf.io/topic/kubernetes/video/YAM2d7yTrrI',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://videos.icts.res.in/video/d7HuP_abpKU',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        hostname, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('host', 'id')
+        org_id, _ = self._get_org_id_and_api_key(self._ORGANIZATIONS[hostname], video_id)
+        details = self._download_json(
+            'https://analytics.videoken.com/api/videoinfo_private', video_id, query={
+                'videoid': video_id,
+                'org_id': org_id,
+            }, headers={'Accept': 'application/json'}, note='Downloading VideoKen API JSON',
+            errnote='Failed to download VideoKen API JSON', fatal=False)
+        if details:
+            return next(self._extract_videos({'videos': [details]}, url))
+        # fallback for API error 400 response
+        elif video_id.startswith('slideslive-'):
+            return self.url_result(
+                self._create_slideslive_url(None, video_id, url), SlidesLiveIE, video_id)
+        elif re.match(r'^[\w-]{11}$', video_id):
+            self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id)
+        else:
+            raise ExtractorError('Unable to extract without VideoKen API response')
+
+
+class VideoKenPlayerIE(VideoKenBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://player\.videoken\.com/embed/slideslive-(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://player.videoken.com/embed/slideslive-38968434',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '38968434',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Deep Learning with Label Differential Privacy',
+            'timestamp': 1643377020,
+            'upload_date': '20220128',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:30',
+            'chapters': 'count:29',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        return self.url_result(
+            self._create_slideslive_url(None, video_id, url), SlidesLiveIE, video_id)
+
+
+class VideoKenPlaylistIE(VideoKenBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = VideoKenBaseIE._BASE_URL_RE + r'(?:category/\d+/)?playlist/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://videos.icts.res.in/category/1822/playlist/381',
+        'playlist_mincount': 117,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '381',
+            'title': 'Cosmology - The Next Decade',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        hostname, playlist_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('host', 'id')
+        org_id, _ = self._get_org_id_and_api_key(self._ORGANIZATIONS[hostname], playlist_id)
+        videos = self._download_json(
+            f'https://analytics.videoken.com/api/{org_id}/playlistitems/{playlist_id}/',
+            playlist_id, headers={'Accept': 'application/json'}, note='Downloading API JSON')
+        return self.playlist_result(self._extract_videos(videos, url), playlist_id, videos.get('title'))
+
+
+class VideoKenCategoryIE(VideoKenBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = VideoKenBaseIE._BASE_URL_RE + r'category/(?P<id>\d+)/?(?:$|[?#])'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://videos.icts.res.in/category/1822/',
+        'playlist_mincount': 500,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1822',
+            'title': 'Programs',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://videos.neurips.cc/category/350/',
+        'playlist_mincount': 34,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '350',
+            'title': 'NeurIPS 2018',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://videos.cncf.io/category/479/',
+        'playlist_mincount': 328,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '479',
+            'title': 'KubeCon + CloudNativeCon Europe\'19',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _get_category_page(self, category_id, org_id, page=1, note=None):
+        return self._download_json(
+            f'https://analytics.videoken.com/api/videolake/{org_id}/category_videos', category_id,
+            fatal=False, note=note if note else f'Downloading category page {page}',
+            query={
+                'category_id': category_id,
+                'page_number': page,
+                'length': self._PAGE_SIZE,
+            }, headers={'Accept': 'application/json'}) or {}
+
+    def _entries(self, category_id, org_id, url, page):
+        videos = self._get_category_page(category_id, org_id, page + 1)
+        yield from self._extract_videos(videos, url)
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        hostname, category_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('host', 'id')
+        org_id, _ = self._get_org_id_and_api_key(self._ORGANIZATIONS[hostname], category_id)
+        category_info = self._get_category_page(category_id, org_id, note='Downloading category info')
+        category = category_info['category_name']
+        total_pages = math.ceil(int(category_info['recordsTotal']) / self._PAGE_SIZE)
+        return self.playlist_result(InAdvancePagedList(
+            functools.partial(self._entries, category_id, org_id, url),
+            total_pages, self._PAGE_SIZE), category_id, category)
+
+
+class VideoKenTopicIE(VideoKenBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = VideoKenBaseIE._BASE_URL_RE + r'topic/(?P<id>[^/#?]+)/?(?:$|[?#])'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://videos.neurips.cc/topic/machine%20learning/',
+        'playlist_mincount': 500,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'machine_learning',
+            'title': 'machine learning',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://videos.icts.res.in/topic/gravitational%20waves/',
+        'playlist_mincount': 77,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'gravitational_waves',
+            'title': 'gravitational waves'
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://videos.cncf.io/topic/prometheus/',
+        'playlist_mincount': 134,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'prometheus',
+            'title': 'prometheus',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _get_topic_page(self, topic, org_id, search_id, api_key, page=1, note=None):
+        return self._download_json(
+            'https://es.videoken.com/api/v1.0/get_results', topic, fatal=False, query={
+                'orgid': org_id,
+                'size': self._PAGE_SIZE,
+                'query': topic,
+                'page': page,
+                'sort': 'upload_desc',
+                'filter': 'all',
+                'token': api_key,
+                'is_topic': 'true',
+                'category': '',
+                'searchid': search_id,
+            }, headers={'Accept': 'application/json'},
+            note=note if note else f'Downloading topic page {page}') or {}
+
+    def _entries(self, topic, org_id, search_id, api_key, url, page):
+        videos = self._get_topic_page(topic, org_id, search_id, api_key, page + 1)
+        yield from self._extract_videos(videos, url)
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        hostname, topic_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('host', 'id')
+        topic = urllib.parse.unquote(topic_id)
+        topic_id = topic.replace(' ', '_')
+        org_id, api_key = self._get_org_id_and_api_key(self._ORGANIZATIONS[hostname], topic)
+        search_id = base64.b64encode(f':{topic}:{int(time.time())}:transient'.encode()).decode()
+        total_pages = int_or_none(self._get_topic_page(
+            topic, org_id, search_id, api_key, note='Downloading topic info')['total_no_of_pages'])
+        return self.playlist_result(InAdvancePagedList(
+            functools.partial(self._entries, topic, org_id, search_id, api_key, url),
+            total_pages, self._PAGE_SIZE), topic_id, topic)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/videomore.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/videomore.py
index 2f81860bb7..ddc33f7d7d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/videomore.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/videomore.py
@@ -181,7 +181,6 @@ class VideomoreIE(InfoExtractor):
                 if error in ('Данное видео недоступно для просмотра на территории этой страны', 'Данное видео доступно для просмотра только на территории России'):
                     self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=['RU'], metadata_available=True)
                 self.raise_no_formats(error, expected=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/videopress.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/videopress.py
index 16965dfb0e..0734aee9c2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/videopress.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/videopress.py
@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ class VideoPressIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'width': int_or_none(video.get('width')),
                 'height': int_or_none(video.get('height')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vidio.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vidio.py
index 8d3abceed6..770aa284da 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vidio.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vidio.py
@@ -156,8 +156,6 @@ class VidioIE(VidioBaseIE):
             formats, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                 hls_url, display_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native')
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         get_first = lambda x: try_get(data, lambda y: y[x + 's'][0], dict) or {}
         channel = get_first('channel')
         user = get_first('user')
@@ -293,7 +291,6 @@ class VidioLiveIE(VidioBaseIE):
             if stream_meta.get('stream_url'):
                 formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                     stream_meta['stream_url'], display_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native'))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vidlii.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vidlii.py
index 69a75304e0..5933783ae6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vidlii.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vidlii.py
@@ -77,7 +77,6 @@ class VidLiiIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'format_id': f'{height}p',
                     'height': height,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         title = self._search_regex(
             (r'<h1>([^<]+)</h1>', r'<title>([^<]+) - VidLii<'), webpage,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vier.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vier.py
deleted file mode 100644
index eab894ab63..0000000000
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vier.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,261 +0,0 @@
-import re
-import itertools
-
-from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import (
-    urlencode_postdata,
-    int_or_none,
-    unified_strdate,
-)
-
-
-class VierIE(InfoExtractor):
-    IE_NAME = 'vier'
-    IE_DESC = 'vier.be and vijf.be'
-    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
-                    https?://
-                        (?:www\.)?(?P<site>vier|vijf)\.be/
-                        (?:
-                            (?:
-                                [^/]+/videos|
-                                video(?:/[^/]+)*
-                            )/
-                            (?P<display_id>[^/]+)(?:/(?P<id>\d+))?|
-                            (?:
-                                video/v3/embed|
-                                embed/video/public
-                            )/(?P<embed_id>\d+)
-                        )
-                    '''
-    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'vier'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.vier.be/planb/videos/het-wordt-warm-de-moestuin/16129',
-        'md5': 'e4ae2054a6b040ef1e289e20d111b46e',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '16129',
-            'display_id': 'het-wordt-warm-de-moestuin',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Het wordt warm in De Moestuin',
-            'description': 'De vele uren werk eisen hun tol. Wim droomt van assistentie...',
-            'upload_date': '20121025',
-            'series': 'Plan B',
-            'tags': ['De Moestuin', 'Moestuin', 'meisjes', 'Tomaat', 'Wim', 'Droom'],
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.vijf.be/temptationisland/videos/zo-grappig-temptation-island-hosts-moeten-kiezen-tussen-onmogelijke-dilemmas/2561614',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '2561614',
-            'display_id': 'zo-grappig-temptation-island-hosts-moeten-kiezen-tussen-onmogelijke-dilemmas',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'md5:84f45fe48b8c1fa296a7f6d208d080a7',
-            'description': 'md5:0356d4981e58b8cbee19355cbd51a8fe',
-            'upload_date': '20170228',
-            'series': 'Temptation Island',
-            'tags': list,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.vier.be/janigaat/videos/jani-gaat-naar-tokio-aflevering-4/2674839',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '2674839',
-            'display_id': 'jani-gaat-naar-tokio-aflevering-4',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Jani gaat naar Tokio - Aflevering 4',
-            'description': 'md5:aa8d611541db6ae9e863125704511f88',
-            'upload_date': '20170501',
-            'series': 'Jani gaat',
-            'episode_number': 4,
-            'tags': ['Jani Gaat', 'Volledige Aflevering'],
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-        'skip': 'Requires account credentials',
-    }, {
-        # Requires account credentials but bypassed extraction via v3/embed page
-        # without metadata
-        'url': 'http://www.vier.be/janigaat/videos/jani-gaat-naar-tokio-aflevering-4/2674839',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '2674839',
-            'display_id': 'jani-gaat-naar-tokio-aflevering-4',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'jani-gaat-naar-tokio-aflevering-4',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-        'expected_warnings': ['Log in to extract metadata'],
-    }, {
-        # Without video id in URL
-        'url': 'http://www.vier.be/planb/videos/dit-najaar-plan-b',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.vier.be/video/v3/embed/16129',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.vijf.be/embed/video/public/4093',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.vier.be/video/blockbusters/in-juli-en-augustus-summer-classics',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.vier.be/video/achter-de-rug/2017/achter-de-rug-seizoen-1-aflevering-6',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }]
-
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._logged_in = False
-
-    def _login(self, site):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None or password is None:
-            return
-
-        login_page = self._download_webpage(
-            'http://www.%s.be/user/login' % site,
-            None, note='Logging in', errnote='Unable to log in',
-            data=urlencode_postdata({
-                'form_id': 'user_login',
-                'name': username,
-                'pass': password,
-            }),
-            headers={'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'})
-
-        login_error = self._html_search_regex(
-            r'(?s)<div class="messages error">\s*<div>\s*<h2.+?</h2>(.+?)<',
-            login_page, 'login error', default=None)
-        if login_error:
-            self.report_warning('Unable to log in: %s' % login_error)
-        else:
-            self._logged_in = True
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
-        embed_id = mobj.group('embed_id')
-        display_id = mobj.group('display_id') or embed_id
-        video_id = mobj.group('id') or embed_id
-        site = mobj.group('site')
-
-        if not self._logged_in:
-            self._login(site)
-
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
-
-        if r'id="user-login"' in webpage:
-            self.report_warning(
-                'Log in to extract metadata', video_id=display_id)
-            webpage = self._download_webpage(
-                'http://www.%s.be/video/v3/embed/%s' % (site, video_id),
-                display_id)
-
-        video_id = self._search_regex(
-            [r'data-nid="(\d+)"', r'"nid"\s*:\s*"(\d+)"'],
-            webpage, 'video id', default=video_id or display_id)
-
-        playlist_url = self._search_regex(
-            r'data-file=(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?:)?//[^/]+/.+?\.m3u8.*?)\1',
-            webpage, 'm3u8 url', default=None, group='url')
-
-        if not playlist_url:
-            application = self._search_regex(
-                [r'data-application="([^"]+)"', r'"application"\s*:\s*"([^"]+)"'],
-                webpage, 'application', default=site + '_vod')
-            filename = self._search_regex(
-                [r'data-filename="([^"]+)"', r'"filename"\s*:\s*"([^"]+)"'],
-                webpage, 'filename')
-            playlist_url = 'http://vod.streamcloud.be/%s/_definst_/mp4:%s.mp4/playlist.m3u8' % (application, filename)
-
-        formats = self._extract_wowza_formats(
-            playlist_url, display_id, skip_protocols=['dash'])
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
-        title = self._og_search_title(webpage, default=display_id)
-        description = self._html_search_regex(
-            r'(?s)<div\b[^>]+\bclass=(["\'])[^>]*?\bfield-type-text-with-summary\b[^>]*?\1[^>]*>.*?<p>(?P<value>.+?)</p>',
-            webpage, 'description', default=None, group='value')
-        thumbnail = self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage, default=None)
-        upload_date = unified_strdate(self._html_search_regex(
-            r'(?s)<div\b[^>]+\bclass=(["\'])[^>]*?\bfield-name-post-date\b[^>]*?\1[^>]*>.*?(?P<value>\d{2}/\d{2}/\d{4})',
-            webpage, 'upload date', default=None, group='value'))
-
-        series = self._search_regex(
-            r'data-program=(["\'])(?P<value>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1', webpage,
-            'series', default=None, group='value')
-        episode_number = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
-            r'(?i)aflevering (\d+)', title, 'episode number', default=None))
-        tags = re.findall(r'<a\b[^>]+\bhref=["\']/tags/[^>]+>([^<]+)<', webpage)
-
-        return {
-            'id': video_id,
-            'display_id': display_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': description,
-            'thumbnail': thumbnail,
-            'upload_date': upload_date,
-            'series': series,
-            'episode_number': episode_number,
-            'tags': tags,
-            'formats': formats,
-        }
-
-
-class VierVideosIE(InfoExtractor):
-    IE_NAME = 'vier:videos'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?P<site>vier|vijf)\.be/(?P<program>[^/]+)/videos(?:\?.*\bpage=(?P<page>\d+)|$)'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.vier.be/demoestuin/videos',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'demoestuin',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 153,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.vijf.be/temptationisland/videos',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'temptationisland',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 159,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.vier.be/demoestuin/videos?page=6',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'demoestuin-page6',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 20,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.vier.be/demoestuin/videos?page=7',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'demoestuin-page7',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 13,
-    }]
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
-        program = mobj.group('program')
-        site = mobj.group('site')
-
-        page_id = mobj.group('page')
-        if page_id:
-            page_id = int(page_id)
-            start_page = page_id
-            playlist_id = '%s-page%d' % (program, page_id)
-        else:
-            start_page = 0
-            playlist_id = program
-
-        entries = []
-        for current_page_id in itertools.count(start_page):
-            current_page = self._download_webpage(
-                'http://www.%s.be/%s/videos?page=%d' % (site, program, current_page_id),
-                program,
-                'Downloading page %d' % (current_page_id + 1))
-            page_entries = [
-                self.url_result('http://www.' + site + '.be' + video_url, 'Vier')
-                for video_url in re.findall(
-                    r'<h[23]><a href="(/[^/]+/videos/[^/]+(?:/\d+)?)">', current_page)]
-            entries.extend(page_entries)
-            if page_id or '>Meer<' not in current_page:
-                break
-
-        return self.playlist_result(entries, playlist_id)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/viewlift.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/viewlift.py
index b630f9a6d7..3812601148 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/viewlift.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/viewlift.py
@@ -134,7 +134,6 @@ class ViewLiftEmbedIE(ViewLiftBaseIE):
                 'url': sub_url,
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': film_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/viidea.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/viidea.py
index 157ce4d8f9..4cdf2677b2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/viidea.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/viidea.py
@@ -158,7 +158,6 @@ class ViideaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 smil_url = '%s/%s/video/%s/smil.xml' % (base_url, lecture_slug, part_id)
                 smil = self._download_smil(smil_url, lecture_id)
                 info = self._parse_smil(smil, smil_url, lecture_id)
-                self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
                 info['id'] = lecture_id if not multipart else '%s_part%s' % (lecture_id, part_id)
                 info['display_id'] = lecture_slug if not multipart else '%s_part%s' % (lecture_slug, part_id)
                 if multipart:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/viki.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/viki.py
index a922b195c9..3246dab526 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/viki.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/viki.py
@@ -263,7 +263,6 @@ class VikiIE(VikiBaseIE):
             # Modify the URL to get 1080p
             mpd_url = mpd_url.replace('mpdhd', 'mpdhd_high')
         formats = self._extract_mpd_formats(mpd_url, video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vimeo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vimeo.py
index 25d2f200f2..d81d9c5518 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vimeo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vimeo.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import base64
 import functools
 import re
 import itertools
+import urllib.error
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import (
@@ -123,11 +124,6 @@ class VimeoBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     def _set_vimeo_cookie(self, name, value):
         self._set_cookie('vimeo.com', name, value)
 
-    def _vimeo_sort_formats(self, formats):
-        # Note: Bitrates are completely broken. Single m3u8 may contain entries in kbps and bps
-        # at the same time without actual units specified.
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ('quality', 'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'source'))
-
     def _parse_config(self, config, video_id):
         video_data = config['video']
         video_title = video_data.get('title')
@@ -242,6 +238,9 @@ class VimeoBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
             'is_live': is_live,
+            # Note: Bitrates are completely broken. Single m3u8 may contain entries in kbps and bps
+            # at the same time without actual units specified.
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('quality', 'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'source'),
         }
 
     def _extract_original_format(self, url, video_id, unlisted_hash=None):
@@ -305,27 +304,33 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
 
     # _VALID_URL matches Vimeo URLs
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
-                    https?://
-                        (?:
-                            (?:
-                                www|
-                                player
-                            )
-                            \.
-                        )?
-                        vimeo(?:pro)?\.com/
-                        (?!(?:channels|album|showcase)/[^/?#]+/?(?:$|[?#])|[^/]+/review/|ondemand/)
-                        (?:[^/]+/)*?
-                        (?:
-                            (?:
-                                play_redirect_hls|
-                                moogaloop\.swf)\?clip_id=
-                            )?
-                        (?:videos?/)?
-                        (?P<id>[0-9]+)
-                        (?:/(?P<unlisted_hash>[\da-f]{10}))?
-                        /?(?:[?&].*)?(?:[#].*)?$
-                    '''
+                     https?://
+                         (?:
+                             (?:
+                                 www|
+                                 player
+                             )
+                             \.
+                         )?
+                         vimeo\.com/
+                         (?:
+                             (?P<u>user)|
+                             (?!(?:channels|album|showcase)/[^/?#]+/?(?:$|[?#])|[^/]+/review/|ondemand/)
+                             (?:.*?/)??
+                             (?P<q>
+                                 (?:
+                                     play_redirect_hls|
+                                     moogaloop\.swf)\?clip_id=
+                             )?
+                             (?:videos?/)?
+                         )
+                         (?P<id>[0-9]+)
+                         (?(u)
+                             /(?!videos|likes)[^/?#]+/?|
+                             (?(q)|/(?P<unlisted_hash>[\da-f]{10}))?
+                         )
+                         (?:(?(q)[&]|(?(u)|/?)[?]).*?)?(?:[#].*)?$
+                 '''
     IE_NAME = 'vimeo'
     _EMBED_REGEX = [
         # iframe
@@ -357,34 +362,9 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
             },
             'skip': 'No longer available'
         },
-        {
-            'url': 'http://vimeopro.com/openstreetmapus/state-of-the-map-us-2013/video/68093876',
-            'md5': '3b5ca6aa22b60dfeeadf50b72e44ed82',
-            'note': 'Vimeo Pro video (#1197)',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '68093876',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?vimeo\.com/openstreetmapus',
-                'uploader_id': 'openstreetmapus',
-                'uploader': 'OpenStreetMap US',
-                'title': 'Andy Allan - Putting the Carto into OpenStreetMap Cartography',
-                'description': 'md5:2c362968038d4499f4d79f88458590c1',
-                'duration': 1595,
-                'upload_date': '20130610',
-                'timestamp': 1370893156,
-                'license': 'by',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/440260469-19b0d92fca3bd84066623b53f1eb8aaa3980c6c809e2d67b6b39ab7b4a77a344-d_960',
-                'view_count': int,
-                'comment_count': int,
-                'like_count': int,
-            },
-            'params': {
-                'format': 'best[protocol=https]',
-            },
-        },
         {
             'url': 'http://player.vimeo.com/video/54469442',
-            'md5': 'b3e7f4d2cbb53bd7dc3bb6ff4ed5cfbd',
+            'md5': '619b811a4417aa4abe78dc653becf511',
             'note': 'Videos that embed the url in the player page',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '54469442',
@@ -415,8 +395,8 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'uploader_id': 'user18948128',
                 'uploader': 'Jaime Marquínez Ferrándiz',
                 'duration': 10,
-                'description': 'md5:dca3ea23adb29ee387127bc4ddfce63f',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/440665496-b2c5aee2b61089442c794f64113a8e8f7d5763c3e6b3ebfaf696ae6413f8b1f4-d_960',
+                'description': 'md5:6173f270cd0c0119f22817204b3eb86c',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/440665496-b2c5aee2b61089442c794f64113a8e8f7d5763c3e6b3ebfaf696ae6413f8b1f4-d_1280',
                 'view_count': int,
                 'comment_count': int,
                 'like_count': int,
@@ -433,7 +413,7 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'id': '75629013',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'title': 'Key & Peele: Terrorist Interrogation',
-                'description': 'md5:8678b246399b070816b12313e8b4eb5c',
+                'description': 'md5:6173f270cd0c0119f22817204b3eb86c',
                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?vimeo\.com/atencio',
                 'uploader_id': 'atencio',
                 'uploader': 'Peter Atencio',
@@ -585,8 +565,8 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'uploader_id': 'user18948128',
                 'uploader': 'Jaime Marquínez Ferrándiz',
                 'duration': 10,
-                'description': 'md5:dca3ea23adb29ee387127bc4ddfce63f',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/440665496-b2c5aee2b61089442c794f64113a8e8f7d5763c3e6b3ebfaf696ae6413f8b1f4-d_960',
+                'description': 'md5:6173f270cd0c0119f22817204b3eb86c',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/440665496-b2c5aee2b61089442c794f64113a8e8f7d5763c3e6b3ebfaf696ae6413f8b1f4-d_1280',
                 'view_count': int,
                 'comment_count': int,
                 'like_count': int,
@@ -731,7 +711,12 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
             'params': {
                 'skip_download': True,
             },
-        }
+        },
+        {
+            # user playlist alias -> https://vimeo.com/258705797
+            'url': 'https://vimeo.com/user26785108/newspiritualguide',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        },
         # https://gettingthingsdone.com/workflowmap/
         # vimeo embed with check-password page protected by Referer header
     ]
@@ -776,7 +761,6 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
             })
         info = self._parse_config(self._download_json(
             video['config_url'], video_id), video_id)
-        self._vimeo_sort_formats(info['formats'])
         get_timestamp = lambda x: parse_iso8601(video.get(x + '_time'))
         info.update({
             'description': video.get('description'),
@@ -840,15 +824,7 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
         if unlisted_hash:
             return self._extract_from_api(video_id, unlisted_hash)
 
-        orig_url = url
-        is_pro = 'vimeopro.com/' in url
-        if is_pro:
-            # some videos require portfolio_id to be present in player url
-            # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/20070
-            url = self._extract_url(url, self._download_webpage(url, video_id))
-            if not url:
-                url = 'https://vimeo.com/' + video_id
-        elif any(p in url for p in ('play_redirect_hls', 'moogaloop.swf')):
+        if any(p in url for p in ('play_redirect_hls', 'moogaloop.swf')):
             url = 'https://vimeo.com/' + video_id
 
         self._try_album_password(url)
@@ -869,14 +845,12 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
             raise
 
         if '://player.vimeo.com/video/' in url:
-            config = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
-                r'\bconfig\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;', webpage, 'info section'), video_id)
+            config = self._search_json(
+                r'\b(?:playerC|c)onfig\s*=', webpage, 'info section', video_id)
             if config.get('view') == 4:
                 config = self._verify_player_video_password(
                     redirect_url, video_id, headers)
-            info = self._parse_config(config, video_id)
-            self._vimeo_sort_formats(info['formats'])
-            return info
+            return self._parse_config(config, video_id)
 
         if re.search(r'<form[^>]+?id="pw_form"', webpage):
             video_password = self._get_video_password()
@@ -952,14 +926,6 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
             video_description = self._html_search_meta(
                 ['description', 'og:description', 'twitter:description'],
                 webpage, default=None)
-        if not video_description and is_pro:
-            orig_webpage = self._download_webpage(
-                orig_url, video_id,
-                note='Downloading webpage for description',
-                fatal=False)
-            if orig_webpage:
-                video_description = self._html_search_meta(
-                    'description', orig_webpage, default=None)
         if not video_description:
             self.report_warning('Cannot find video description')
 
@@ -981,7 +947,7 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
 
         info_dict_config = self._parse_config(config, video_id)
         formats.extend(info_dict_config['formats'])
-        self._vimeo_sort_formats(formats)
+        info_dict['_format_sort_fields'] = info_dict_config['_format_sort_fields']
 
         json_ld = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, default={})
 
@@ -1004,7 +970,7 @@ class VimeoIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
         return merge_dicts(info_dict, info_dict_config, json_ld)
 
 
-class VimeoOndemandIE(VimeoIE):
+class VimeoOndemandIE(VimeoIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'vimeo:ondemand'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?vimeo\.com/ondemand/(?:[^/]+/)?(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -1129,7 +1095,7 @@ class VimeoChannelIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
         return self._extract_videos(channel_id, self._BASE_URL_TEMPL % channel_id)
 
 
-class VimeoUserIE(VimeoChannelIE):
+class VimeoUserIE(VimeoChannelIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'vimeo:user'
     _VALID_URL = r'https://vimeo\.com/(?!(?:[0-9]+|watchlater)(?:$|[?#/]))(?P<id>[^/]+)(?:/videos)?/?(?:$|[?#])'
     _TITLE_RE = r'<a[^>]+?class="user">([^<>]+?)</a>'
@@ -1239,7 +1205,7 @@ class VimeoAlbumIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
             entries, album_id, album.get('name'), album.get('description'))
 
 
-class VimeoGroupsIE(VimeoChannelIE):
+class VimeoGroupsIE(VimeoChannelIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'vimeo:group'
     _VALID_URL = r'https://vimeo\.com/groups/(?P<id>[^/]+)(?:/(?!videos?/\d+)|$)'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -1326,12 +1292,11 @@ class VimeoReviewIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
             page_url + '/action', video_id)
         if source_format:
             info_dict['formats'].append(source_format)
-        self._vimeo_sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
         info_dict['description'] = clean_html(clip_data.get('description'))
         return info_dict
 
 
-class VimeoWatchLaterIE(VimeoChannelIE):
+class VimeoWatchLaterIE(VimeoChannelIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     IE_NAME = 'vimeo:watchlater'
     IE_DESC = 'Vimeo watch later list, ":vimeowatchlater" keyword (requires authentication)'
     _VALID_URL = r'https://vimeo\.com/(?:home/)?watchlater|:vimeowatchlater'
@@ -1354,7 +1319,7 @@ class VimeoWatchLaterIE(VimeoChannelIE):
         return self._extract_videos('watchlater', 'https://vimeo.com/watchlater')
 
 
-class VimeoLikesIE(VimeoChannelIE):
+class VimeoLikesIE(VimeoChannelIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'https://(?:www\.)?vimeo\.com/(?P<id>[^/]+)/likes/?(?:$|[?#]|sort:)'
     IE_NAME = 'vimeo:likes'
     IE_DESC = 'Vimeo user likes'
@@ -1398,5 +1363,90 @@ class VHXEmbedIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
         config = self._download_json(config_url, video_id)
         info = self._parse_config(config, video_id)
         info['id'] = video_id
-        self._vimeo_sort_formats(info['formats'])
         return info
+
+
+class VimeoProIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'vimeo:pro'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?vimeopro\.com/[^/?#]+/(?P<slug>[^/?#]+)(?:(?:/videos?/(?P<id>[0-9]+)))?'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        # Vimeo URL derived from video_id
+        'url': 'http://vimeopro.com/openstreetmapus/state-of-the-map-us-2013/video/68093876',
+        'md5': '3b5ca6aa22b60dfeeadf50b72e44ed82',
+        'note': 'Vimeo Pro video (#1197)',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '68093876',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?vimeo\.com/openstreetmapus',
+            'uploader_id': 'openstreetmapus',
+            'uploader': 'OpenStreetMap US',
+            'title': 'Andy Allan - Putting the Carto into OpenStreetMap Cartography',
+            'description': 'md5:2c362968038d4499f4d79f88458590c1',
+            'duration': 1595,
+            'upload_date': '20130610',
+            'timestamp': 1370893156,
+            'license': 'by',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/440260469-19b0d92fca3bd84066623b53f1eb8aaa3980c6c809e2d67b6b39ab7b4a77a344-d_960',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'tags': 'count:1',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'format': 'best[protocol=https]',
+        },
+    }, {
+        # password-protected VimeoPro page with Vimeo player embed
+        'url': 'https://vimeopro.com/cadfem/simulation-conference-mechanische-systeme-in-perfektion',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '764543723',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Mechanische Systeme in Perfektion: Realität erfassen, Innovation treiben',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1543784598-a1a750494a485e601110136b9fe11e28c2131942452b3a5d30391cb3800ca8fd-d_1280',
+            'description': 'md5:2a9d195cd1b0f6f79827107dc88c2420',
+            'uploader': 'CADFEM',
+            'uploader_id': 'cadfem',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://vimeo.com/cadfem',
+            'duration': 12505,
+            'chapters': 'count:10',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'videopassword': 'Conference2022',
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('slug', 'id')
+        if video_id:
+            display_id = video_id
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        password_form = self._search_regex(
+            r'(?is)<form[^>]+?method=["\']post["\'][^>]*>(.+?password.+?)</form>',
+            webpage, 'password form', default=None)
+        if password_form:
+            try:
+                webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id, data=urlencode_postdata({
+                    'password': self._get_video_password(),
+                    **self._hidden_inputs(password_form),
+                }), note='Logging in with video password')
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                if isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 418:
+                    raise ExtractorError('Wrong video password', expected=True)
+                raise
+
+        description = None
+        # even if we have video_id, some videos require player URL with portfolio_id query param
+        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/20070
+        vimeo_url = VimeoIE._extract_url(url, webpage)
+        if vimeo_url:
+            description = self._html_search_meta('description', webpage, default=None)
+        elif video_id:
+            vimeo_url = f'https://vimeo.com/{video_id}'
+        else:
+            raise ExtractorError(
+                'No Vimeo embed or video ID could be found in VimeoPro page', expected=True)
+
+        return self.url_result(vimeo_url, VimeoIE, video_id, url_transparent=True,
+                               description=description)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vimm.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vimm.py
index 3522b8e332..7097149a55 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vimm.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vimm.py
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ class VimmIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         formats, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
             f'https://www.vimm.tv/hls/{channel_id}.m3u8', channel_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', live=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': channel_id,
@@ -56,7 +55,6 @@ class VimmRecordingIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         formats, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
             f'https://d211qfrkztakg3.cloudfront.net/{channel_id}/{video_id}/index.m3u8', video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', live=False)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vimple.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vimple.py
index a8b16dd290..fdccf465ed 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vimple.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vimple.py
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ class SprutoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = [{
             'url': f['url'],
         } for f in playlist['video']]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vine.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vine.py
index 8e57201f68..1909980f20 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vine.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vine.py
@@ -86,7 +86,6 @@ class VineIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'quality': quality,
                 })
         self._check_formats(formats, video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         username = data.get('username')
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/viqeo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/viqeo.py
index 574622fa92..79b9f299a8 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/viqeo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/viqeo.py
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@ class ViqeoIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'vcodec': 'none' if is_audio else None,
                 })
                 formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         duration = int_or_none(data.get('duration'))
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/viu.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/viu.py
index 63b6fd3a12..6f9af9f643 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/viu.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/viu.py
@@ -9,9 +9,12 @@ from ..compat import compat_str
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
     int_or_none,
+    remove_end,
     strip_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
     try_get,
     smuggle_url,
+    unified_timestamp,
     unsmuggle_url,
     url_or_none,
 )
@@ -86,7 +89,6 @@ class ViuIE(ViuBaseIE):
             #     r'\1whe\2', video_data['href'])
             m3u8_url = video_data['href']
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         for key, value in video_data.items():
             mobj = re.match(r'^subtitle_(?P<lang>[^_]+)_(?P<ext>(vtt|srt))', key)
@@ -164,12 +166,17 @@ class ViuOTTIE(InfoExtractor):
         },
         'skip': 'Geo-restricted to Singapore',
     }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.viu.com/ott/hk/zh-hk/vod/7123/%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%BA%E5%A5%B3%E5%AD%90',
+        'url': 'https://www.viu.com/ott/hk/zh-hk/vod/430078/%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%84%9F-3',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '7123',
+            'id': '430078',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': '這就是我的生活之道',
-            'description': 'md5:4eb0d8b08cf04fcdc6bbbeb16043434f',
+            'title': '大韓民國的1%',
+            'description': 'md5:74d6db47ddd9ddb9c89a05739103ccdb',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'duration': 6614,
+            'episode': '大韓民國的1%',
+            'series': '第六感 3',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://d2anahhhmp1ffz.cloudfront.net/1313295781/d2b14f48d008ef2f3a9200c98d8e9b63967b9cc2',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': 'm3u8 download',
@@ -177,11 +184,12 @@ class ViuOTTIE(InfoExtractor):
         },
         'skip': 'Geo-restricted to Hong Kong',
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.viu.com/ott/hk/zh-hk/vod/68776/%E6%99%82%E5%B0%9A%E5%AA%BD%E5%92%AA',
-        'playlist_count': 12,
+        'url': 'https://www.viu.com/ott/hk/zh-hk/vod/444666/%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%A4%E5%8F%8B%E6%98%AF%E4%B9%9D%E5%B0%BE%E7%8B%90',
+        'playlist_count': 16,
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '3916',
-            'title': '時尚媽咪',
+            'id': '23807',
+            'title': '我的室友是九尾狐',
+            'description': 'md5:b42c95f2b4a316cdd6ae14ca695f33b9',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': 'm3u8 download',
@@ -246,7 +254,7 @@ class ViuOTTIE(InfoExtractor):
         return self._user_token
 
     def _get_token(self, country_code, video_id):
-        rand = ''.join(random.choice('0123456789') for _ in range(10))
+        rand = ''.join(random.choices('0123456789', k=10))
         return self._download_json(
             f'https://api-gateway-global.viu.com/api/auth/token?v={rand}000', video_id,
             headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json'}, note='Getting bearer token',
@@ -359,17 +367,22 @@ class ViuOTTIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'ext': 'mp4',
                 'filesize': try_get(stream_data, lambda x: x['size'][vid_format], int)
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for sub in video_data.get('subtitle') or []:
-            sub_url = sub.get('url')
-            if not sub_url:
-                continue
-            subtitles.setdefault(sub.get('name'), []).append({
-                'url': sub_url,
-                'ext': 'srt',
-            })
+            lang = sub.get('name') or 'und'
+            if sub.get('url'):
+                subtitles.setdefault(lang, []).append({
+                    'url': sub['url'],
+                    'ext': 'srt',
+                    'name': f'Spoken text for {lang}',
+                })
+            if sub.get('second_subtitle_url'):
+                subtitles.setdefault(f'{lang}_ost', []).append({
+                    'url': sub['second_subtitle_url'],
+                    'ext': 'srt',
+                    'name': f'On-screen text for {lang}',
+                })
 
         title = strip_or_none(video_data.get('synopsis'))
         return {
@@ -384,3 +397,146 @@ class ViuOTTIE(InfoExtractor):
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': subtitles,
         }
+
+
+class ViuOTTIndonesiaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _BASE_QUERY = {
+        'ver': 1.0,
+        'fmt': 'json',
+        'aver': 5.0,
+        'appver': 2.0,
+        'appid': 'viu_desktop',
+        'platform': 'desktop',
+    }
+
+    _DEVICE_ID = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    _SESSION_ID = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    _TOKEN = None
+
+    _HEADERS = {
+        'x-session-id': _SESSION_ID,
+        'x-client': 'browser'
+    }
+
+    _AGE_RATINGS_MAPPER = {
+        'ADULTS': 18,
+        'teens': 13
+    }
+
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        ViuOTTIndonesiaBaseIE._TOKEN = self._download_json(
+            'https://um.viuapi.io/user/identity', None,
+            headers={'Content-type': 'application/json', **self._HEADERS},
+            query={**self._BASE_QUERY, 'iid': self._DEVICE_ID},
+            data=json.dumps({'deviceId': self._DEVICE_ID}).encode(),
+            note='Downloading token information')['token']
+
+
+class ViuOTTIndonesiaIE(ViuOTTIndonesiaBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.viu\.com/ott/\w+/\w+/all/video-[\w-]+-(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.viu.com/ott/id/id/all/video-japanese-drama-tv_shows-detective_conan_episode_793-1165863142?containerId=playlist-26271226',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1165863142',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'episode_number': 793,
+            'episode': 'Episode 793',
+            'title': 'Detective Conan - Episode 793',
+            'duration': 1476,
+            'description': 'md5:b79d55345bc1e0217ece22616267c9a5',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://vuclipi-a.akamaihd.net/p/cloudinary/h_171,w_304,dpr_1.5,f_auto,c_thumb,q_auto:low/1165863189/d-1',
+            'upload_date': '20210101',
+            'timestamp': 1609459200,
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.viu.com/ott/id/id/all/video-korean-reality-tv_shows-entertainment_weekly_episode_1622-1118617054',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1118617054',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'episode_number': 1622,
+            'episode': 'Episode 1622',
+            'description': 'md5:6d68ca450004020113e9bf27ad99f0f8',
+            'title': 'Entertainment Weekly - Episode 1622',
+            'duration': 4729,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://vuclipi-a.akamaihd.net/p/cloudinary/h_171,w_304,dpr_1.5,f_auto,c_thumb,q_auto:low/1120187848/d-1',
+            'timestamp': 1420070400,
+            'upload_date': '20150101',
+            'cast': ['Shin Hyun-joon', 'Lee Da-Hee']
+        }
+    }, {
+        # age-limit test
+        'url': 'https://www.viu.com/ott/id/id/all/video-japanese-trailer-tv_shows-trailer_jujutsu_kaisen_ver_01-1166044219?containerId=playlist-26273140',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1166044219',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'upload_date': '20200101',
+            'timestamp': 1577836800,
+            'title': 'Trailer \'Jujutsu Kaisen\' Ver.01',
+            'duration': 92,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://vuclipi-a.akamaihd.net/p/cloudinary/h_171,w_304,dpr_1.5,f_auto,c_thumb,q_auto:low/1166044240/d-1',
+            'description': 'Trailer \'Jujutsu Kaisen\' Ver.01',
+            'cast': ['Junya Enoki', ' Yûichi Nakamura', ' Yuma Uchida', 'Asami Seto'],
+            'age_limit': 13,
+        }
+    }, {
+        # json ld metadata type equal to Movie instead of TVEpisodes
+        'url': 'https://www.viu.com/ott/id/id/all/video-japanese-animation-movies-demon_slayer_kimetsu_no_yaiba_the_movie_mugen_train-1165892707?containerId=1675060691786',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1165892707',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'timestamp': 1577836800,
+            'upload_date': '20200101',
+            'title': 'Demon Slayer - Kimetsu no Yaiba - The Movie: Mugen Train',
+            'age_limit': 13,
+            'cast': 'count:9',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://vuclipi-a.akamaihd.net/p/cloudinary/h_171,w_304,dpr_1.5,f_auto,c_thumb,q_auto:low/1165895279/d-1',
+            'description': 'md5:1ce9c35a3aeab384085533f746c87469',
+            'duration': 7021,
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+
+        video_data = self._download_json(
+            f'https://um.viuapi.io/drm/v1/content/{display_id}', display_id, data=b'',
+            headers={'Authorization': ViuOTTIndonesiaBaseIE._TOKEN, **self._HEADERS, 'ccode': 'ID'})
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(video_data['playUrl'], display_id)
+
+        initial_state = self._search_json(
+            r'window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=', webpage, 'initial state',
+            display_id)['content']['clipDetails']
+        for key, url in initial_state.items():
+            lang, ext = self._search_regex(
+                r'^subtitle_(?P<lang>[\w-]+)_(?P<ext>\w+)$', key, 'subtitle metadata',
+                default=(None, None), group=('lang', 'ext'))
+            if lang and ext:
+                subtitles.setdefault(lang, []).append({
+                    'ext': ext,
+                    'url': url,
+                })
+
+                if ext == 'vtt':
+                    subtitles[lang].append({
+                        'ext': 'srt',
+                        'url': f'{remove_end(initial_state[key], "vtt")}srt',
+                    })
+
+        episode = traverse_obj(list(filter(
+            lambda x: x.get('@type') in ('TVEpisode', 'Movie'), self._yield_json_ld(webpage, display_id))), 0) or {}
+        return {
+            'id': display_id,
+            'title': (traverse_obj(initial_state, 'title', 'display_title')
+                      or episode.get('name')),
+            'description': initial_state.get('description') or episode.get('description'),
+            'duration': initial_state.get('duration'),
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(episode, ('image', 'url')),
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(episode.get('dateCreated')),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'episode_number': (traverse_obj(initial_state, 'episode_no', 'episodeno', expected_type=int_or_none)
+                               or int_or_none(episode.get('episodeNumber'))),
+            'cast': traverse_obj(episode, ('actor', ..., 'name'), default=None),
+            'age_limit': self._AGE_RATINGS_MAPPER.get(initial_state.get('internal_age_rating'))
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vk.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vk.py
index 69f518b698..16ca954f25 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vk.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vk.py
@@ -6,22 +6,25 @@ from .common import InfoExtractor
 from .dailymotion import DailymotionIE
 from .odnoklassniki import OdnoklassnikiIE
 from .pladform import PladformIE
+from .sibnet import SibnetEmbedIE
 from .vimeo import VimeoIE
 from .youtube import YoutubeIE
-from ..compat import compat_urlparse
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
     clean_html,
     get_element_by_class,
+    get_element_html_by_id,
     int_or_none,
-    orderedSet,
+    join_nonempty,
     str_or_none,
     str_to_int,
+    try_call,
     unescapeHTML,
     unified_timestamp,
     update_url_query,
     url_or_none,
     urlencode_postdata,
+    urljoin,
 )
 
 
@@ -101,8 +104,7 @@ class VKIE(VKBaseIE):
                             (?P<videoid>-?\d+_\d+)(?:.*\blist=(?P<list_id>([\da-f]+)|(ln-[\da-zA-Z]+)))?
                         )
                     '''
-    # https://help.sibnet.ru/?sibnet_video_embed
-    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe\b[^>]+\bsrc=(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?:)?//video\.sibnet\.ru/shell\.php\?.*?\bvideoid=\d+.*?)\1']
+
     _TESTS = [
         {
             'url': 'http://vk.com/videos-77521?z=video-77521_162222515%2Fclub77521',
@@ -117,7 +119,7 @@ class VKIE(VKBaseIE):
                 'upload_date': '20120212',
                 'comment_count': int,
                 'like_count': int,
-                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.jpg$',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+(?:\.jpg|getVideoPreview.*)$',
             },
             'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
         },
@@ -134,7 +136,7 @@ class VKIE(VKBaseIE):
                 'upload_date': '20130720',
                 'comment_count': int,
                 'like_count': int,
-                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.jpg$',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+(?:\.jpg|getVideoPreview.*)$',
             }
         },
         {
@@ -149,55 +151,10 @@ class VKIE(VKBaseIE):
                 'upload_date': '20120212',
                 'timestamp': 1329049880,
                 'uploader_id': '39545378',
-                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.jpg$',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+(?:\.jpg|getVideoPreview.*)$',
             },
             'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
         },
-        {
-            # VIDEO NOW REMOVED
-            # please update if you find a video whose URL follows the same pattern
-            'url': 'http://vk.com/video-8871596_164049491',
-            'md5': 'a590bcaf3d543576c9bd162812387666',
-            'note': 'Only available for registered users',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '-8871596_164049491',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'uploader': 'Триллеры',
-                'title': '► Бойцовский клуб / Fight Club 1999 [HD 720]',
-                'duration': 8352,
-                'upload_date': '20121218',
-                'view_count': int,
-            },
-            'skip': 'Removed',
-        },
-        {
-            'url': 'http://vk.com/hd_kino_mania?z=video-43215063_168067957%2F15c66b9b533119788d',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '-43215063_168067957',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'uploader': 'Bro Mazter',
-                'title': ' ',
-                'duration': 7291,
-                'upload_date': '20140328',
-                'uploader_id': '223413403',
-                'timestamp': 1396018030,
-            },
-            'skip': 'Requires vk account credentials',
-        },
-        {
-            'url': 'http://m.vk.com/video-43215063_169084319?list=125c627d1aa1cebb83&from=wall-43215063_2566540',
-            'md5': '0c45586baa71b7cb1d0784ee3f4e00a6',
-            'note': 'ivi.ru embed',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '-43215063_169084319',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Книга Илая',
-                'duration': 6771,
-                'upload_date': '20140626',
-                'view_count': int,
-            },
-            'skip': 'Removed',
-        },
         {
             'url': 'https://vk.com/video-93049196_456239755?list=ln-cBjJ7S4jYYx3ADnmDT',
             'info_dict': {
@@ -211,26 +168,11 @@ class VKIE(VKBaseIE):
                 'timestamp': 1640162189,
                 'upload_date': '20211222',
                 'uploader_id': '-93049196',
-                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.jpg$',
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+(?:\.jpg|getVideoPreview.*)$',
             },
         },
         {
-            # video (removed?) only available with list id
-            'url': 'https://vk.com/video30481095_171201961?list=8764ae2d21f14088d4',
-            'md5': '091287af5402239a1051c37ec7b92913',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '30481095_171201961',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'ТюменцевВВ_09.07.2015',
-                'uploader': 'Anton Ivanov',
-                'duration': 109,
-                'upload_date': '20150709',
-                'view_count': int,
-            },
-            'skip': 'Removed',
-        },
-        {
-            # youtube embed
+            'note': 'youtube embed',
             'url': 'https://vk.com/video276849682_170681728',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': 'V3K4mi0SYkc',
@@ -254,23 +196,45 @@ class VKIE(VKBaseIE):
                 'start_time': 0.0,
                 'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgzCNQ11TmR9V97ECnhi3gw',
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
                 'age_limit': 0,
             },
         },
         {
-            # dailymotion embed
-            'url': 'https://vk.com/video-37468416_456239855',
+            'note': 'dailymotion embed',
+            'url': 'https://vk.com/video-95168827_456239103?list=cca524a0f0d5557e16',
             'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'k3lz2cmXyRuJQSjGHUv',
+                'id': 'x8gfli0',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'md5:d52606645c20b0ddbb21655adaa4f56f',
-                'description': 'md5:424b8e88cc873217f520e582ba28bb36',
-                'uploader': 'AniLibria.Tv',
-                'upload_date': '20160914',
-                'uploader_id': 'x1p5vl5',
-                'timestamp': 1473877246,
+                'title': 'md5:45410f60ccd4b2760da98cb5fc777d70',
+                'description': 'md5:2e71c5c9413735cfa06cf1a166f16c84',
+                'uploader': 'Movies and cinema.',
+                'upload_date': '20221218',
+                'uploader_id': 'x1jdavv',
+                'timestamp': 1671387617,
+                'age_limit': 0,
+                'duration': 2918,
+                'like_count': int,
+                'view_count': int,
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+x1080$',
+                'tags': list
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://vk.com/clips-74006511?z=clip-74006511_456247211',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '-74006511_456247211',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'comment_count': int,
+                'duration': 9,
+                'like_count': int,
+                'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+(?:\.jpg|getVideoPreview.*)$',
+                'timestamp': 1664995597,
+                'title': 'Clip by @madempress',
+                'upload_date': '20221005',
+                'uploader': 'Шальная императрица',
+                'uploader_id': '-74006511',
             },
-            'skip': 'Removed'
         },
         {
             # video key is extra_data not url\d+
@@ -288,7 +252,7 @@ class VKIE(VKBaseIE):
             'skip': 'Removed',
         },
         {
-            # finished live stream, postlive_mp4
+            'note': 'finished live stream, postlive_mp4',
             'url': 'https://vk.com/videos-387766?z=video-387766_456242764%2Fpl_-387766_-2',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '-387766_456242764',
@@ -455,7 +419,7 @@ class VKIE(VKBaseIE):
         if odnoklassniki_url:
             return self.url_result(odnoklassniki_url, OdnoklassnikiIE.ie_key())
 
-        sibnet_url = next(self._extract_embed_urls(url, info_page), None)
+        sibnet_url = next(SibnetEmbedIE._extract_embed_urls(url, info_page), None)
         if sibnet_url:
             return self.url_result(sibnet_url)
 
@@ -507,7 +471,6 @@ class VKIE(VKBaseIE):
                     'url': format_url,
                     'ext': 'flv',
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for sub in data.get('subs') or {}:
@@ -536,7 +499,7 @@ class VKIE(VKBaseIE):
 class VKUserVideosIE(VKBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'vk:uservideos'
     IE_DESC = "VK - User's Videos"
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:m|new)\.)?vk\.com/video/@(?P<id>[^?$#/&]+)(?!\?.*\bz=video)(?:[/?#&](?:.*?\bsection=(?P<section>\w+))?|$)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:m|new)\.)?vk\.com/video/(?:playlist/)?(?P<id>[^?$#/&]+)(?!\?.*\bz=video)(?:[/?#&](?:.*?\bsection=(?P<section>\w+))?|$)'
     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://vk.com/videos'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://vk.com/video/@mobidevices',
@@ -550,6 +513,13 @@ class VKUserVideosIE(VKBaseIE):
             'id': '-17892518_uploaded',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 182,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://vk.com/video/playlist/-174476437_2',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '-174476437_playlist_2',
+            'title': 'Анонсы'
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 108,
     }]
     _VIDEO = collections.namedtuple('Video', ['owner_id', 'id'])
 
@@ -584,11 +554,20 @@ class VKUserVideosIE(VKBaseIE):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         u_id, section = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, u_id)
-        page_id = self._search_regex(r'data-owner-id\s?=\s?"([^"]+)"', webpage, 'page_id')
+
+        if u_id.startswith('@'):
+            page_id = self._search_regex(r'data-owner-id\s?=\s?"([^"]+)"', webpage, 'page_id')
+        elif '_' in u_id:
+            page_id, section = u_id.split('_', 1)
+            section = f'playlist_{section}'
+        else:
+            raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL', expected=True)
+
         if not section:
             section = 'all'
 
-        return self.playlist_result(self._entries(page_id, section), '%s_%s' % (page_id, section))
+        playlist_title = clean_html(get_element_by_class('VideoInfoPanel__title', webpage))
+        return self.playlist_result(self._entries(page_id, section), '%s_%s' % (page_id, section), playlist_title)
 
 
 class VKWallPostIE(VKBaseIE):
@@ -600,13 +579,13 @@ class VKWallPostIE(VKBaseIE):
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '-23538238_35',
             'title': 'Black Shadow - Wall post -23538238_35',
-            'description': 'md5:3f84b9c4f9ef499731cf1ced9998cc0c',
+            'description': 'md5:190c78f905a53e0de793d83933c6e67f',
         },
         'playlist': [{
             'md5': '5ba93864ec5b85f7ce19a9af4af080f6',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '135220665_111806521',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'ext': 'm4a',
                 'title': 'Black Shadow - Слепое Верование',
                 'duration': 370,
                 'uploader': 'Black Shadow',
@@ -617,7 +596,7 @@ class VKWallPostIE(VKBaseIE):
             'md5': '4cc7e804579122b17ea95af7834c9233',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '135220665_111802303',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'ext': 'm4a',
                 'title': 'Black Shadow - Война - Негасимое Бездны Пламя!',
                 'duration': 423,
                 'uploader': 'Black Shadow',
@@ -628,16 +607,15 @@ class VKWallPostIE(VKBaseIE):
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
         },
-        'skip': 'Requires vk account credentials',
     }, {
-        # single YouTube embed, no leading -
-        'url': 'https://vk.com/wall85155021_6319',
+        # single YouTube embed with irrelevant reaction videos
+        'url': 'https://vk.com/wall-32370614_7173954',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '85155021_6319',
-            'title': 'Сергей Горбунов - Wall post 85155021_6319',
+            'id': '-32370614_7173954',
+            'title': 'md5:9f93c405bbc00061d34007d78c75e3bc',
+            'description': 'md5:953b811f26fa9f21ee5856e2ea8e68fc',
         },
         'playlist_count': 1,
-        'skip': 'Requires vk account credentials',
     }, {
         # wall page URL
         'url': 'https://vk.com/wall-23538238_35',
@@ -689,39 +667,37 @@ class VKWallPostIE(VKBaseIE):
             'w': 'wall' + post_id,
         })[1]
 
-        description = clean_html(get_element_by_class('wall_post_text', webpage))
-        uploader = clean_html(get_element_by_class('author', webpage))
+        uploader = clean_html(get_element_by_class('PostHeaderTitle__authorName', webpage))
 
         entries = []
 
         for audio in re.findall(r'data-audio="([^"]+)', webpage):
             audio = self._parse_json(unescapeHTML(audio), post_id)
-            a = self._AUDIO._make(audio[:16])
-            if not a.url:
+            if not audio['url']:
                 continue
-            title = unescapeHTML(a.title)
-            performer = unescapeHTML(a.performer)
+            title = unescapeHTML(audio.get('title'))
+            artist = unescapeHTML(audio.get('artist'))
             entries.append({
-                'id': '%s_%s' % (a.owner_id, a.id),
-                'url': self._unmask_url(a.url, a.ads['vk_id']),
-                'title': '%s - %s' % (performer, title) if performer else title,
-                'thumbnails': [{'url': c_url} for c_url in a.cover_url.split(',')] if a.cover_url else None,
-                'duration': int_or_none(a.duration),
+                'id': f'{audio["owner_id"]}_{audio["id"]}',
+                'title': join_nonempty(artist, title, delim=' - '),
+                'thumbnails': try_call(lambda: [{'url': u} for u in audio['coverUrl'].split(',')]),
+                'duration': int_or_none(audio.get('duration')),
                 'uploader': uploader,
-                'artist': performer,
+                'artist': artist,
                 'track': title,
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'protocol': 'm3u8_native',
+                'formats': [{
+                    'url': audio['url'],
+                    'ext': 'm4a',
+                    'vcodec': 'none',
+                    'acodec': 'mp3',
+                    'container': 'm4a_dash',
+                }],
             })
 
-        for video in re.finditer(
-                r'<a[^>]+href=(["\'])(?P<url>/video(?:-?[\d_]+).*?)\1', webpage):
-            entries.append(self.url_result(
-                compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, video.group('url')), VKIE.ie_key()))
-
-        title = 'Wall post %s' % post_id
+        entries.extend(self.url_result(urljoin(url, entry), VKIE) for entry in set(re.findall(
+            r'<a[^>]+href=(?:["\'])(/video(?:-?[\d_]+)[^"\']*)',
+            get_element_html_by_id('wl_post_body', webpage))))
 
         return self.playlist_result(
-            orderedSet(entries), post_id,
-            '%s - %s' % (uploader, title) if uploader else title,
-            description)
+            entries, post_id, join_nonempty(uploader, f'Wall post {post_id}', delim=' - '),
+            clean_html(get_element_by_class('wall_post_text', webpage)))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vlive.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vlive.py
deleted file mode 100644
index c608014170..0000000000
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vlive.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,358 +0,0 @@
-import itertools
-import json
-
-from .naver import NaverBaseIE
-from ..compat import (
-    compat_HTTPError,
-    compat_str,
-)
-from ..utils import (
-    ExtractorError,
-    int_or_none,
-    LazyList,
-    merge_dicts,
-    str_or_none,
-    strip_or_none,
-    try_get,
-    urlencode_postdata,
-    url_or_none,
-)
-
-
-class VLiveBaseIE(NaverBaseIE):
-    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'vlive'
-    _logged_in = False
-
-    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        if self._logged_in:
-            return
-        LOGIN_URL = 'https://www.vlive.tv/auth/email/login'
-        self._request_webpage(
-            LOGIN_URL, None, note='Downloading login cookies')
-
-        self._download_webpage(
-            LOGIN_URL, None, note='Logging in',
-            data=urlencode_postdata({'email': username, 'pwd': password}),
-            headers={
-                'Referer': LOGIN_URL,
-                'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
-            })
-
-        login_info = self._download_json(
-            'https://www.vlive.tv/auth/loginInfo', None,
-            note='Checking login status',
-            headers={'Referer': 'https://www.vlive.tv/home'})
-
-        if not try_get(login_info, lambda x: x['message']['login'], bool):
-            raise ExtractorError('Unable to log in', expected=True)
-        VLiveBaseIE._logged_in = True
-
-    def _call_api(self, path_template, video_id, fields=None, query_add={}, note=None):
-        if note is None:
-            note = 'Downloading %s JSON metadata' % path_template.split('/')[-1].split('-')[0]
-        query = {'appId': '8c6cc7b45d2568fb668be6e05b6e5a3b', 'gcc': 'KR', 'platformType': 'PC'}
-        if fields:
-            query['fields'] = fields
-        if query_add:
-            query.update(query_add)
-        try:
-            return self._download_json(
-                'https://www.vlive.tv/globalv-web/vam-web/' + path_template % video_id, video_id,
-                note, headers={'Referer': 'https://www.vlive.tv/'}, query=query)
-        except ExtractorError as e:
-            if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 403:
-                self.raise_login_required(json.loads(e.cause.read().decode('utf-8'))['message'])
-            raise
-
-
-class VLiveIE(VLiveBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'vlive'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www|m)\.)?vlive\.tv/(?:video|embed)/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.vlive.tv/video/1326',
-        'md5': 'cc7314812855ce56de70a06a27314983',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1326',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': "Girl's Day's Broadcast",
-            'creator': "Girl's Day",
-            'view_count': int,
-            'uploader_id': 'muploader_a',
-            'upload_date': '20150817',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)$',
-            'timestamp': 1439816449,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.vlive.tv/video/16937',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '16937',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': '첸백시 걍방',
-            'creator': 'EXO',
-            'view_count': int,
-            'subtitles': 'mincount:12',
-            'uploader_id': 'muploader_j',
-            'upload_date': '20161112',
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png)$',
-            'timestamp': 1478923074,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.vlive.tv/video/129100',
-        'md5': 'ca2569453b79d66e5b919e5d308bff6b',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '129100',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': '[V LIVE] [BTS+] Run BTS! 2019 - EP.71 :: Behind the scene',
-            'creator': 'BTS+',
-            'view_count': int,
-            'subtitles': 'mincount:10',
-        },
-        'skip': 'This video is only available for CH+ subscribers',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.vlive.tv/embed/1326',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        # works only with gcc=KR
-        'url': 'https://www.vlive.tv/video/225019',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.vlive.tv/video/223906',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '58',
-            'title': 'RUN BTS!'
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 120
-    }]
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        video_id = self._match_id(url)
-
-        post = self._call_api(
-            'post/v1.0/officialVideoPost-%s', video_id,
-            'author{nickname},channel{channelCode,channelName},officialVideo{commentCount,exposeStatus,likeCount,playCount,playTime,status,title,type,vodId},playlist{playlistSeq,totalCount,name}')
-
-        playlist_id = str_or_none(try_get(post, lambda x: x['playlist']['playlistSeq']))
-        if not self._yes_playlist(playlist_id, video_id):
-            video = post['officialVideo']
-            return self._get_vlive_info(post, video, video_id)
-
-        playlist_name = str_or_none(try_get(post, lambda x: x['playlist']['name']))
-        playlist_count = str_or_none(try_get(post, lambda x: x['playlist']['totalCount']))
-
-        playlist = self._call_api(
-            'playlist/v1.0/playlist-%s/posts', playlist_id, 'data', {'limit': playlist_count})
-
-        entries = []
-        for video_data in playlist['data']:
-            video = video_data.get('officialVideo')
-            video_id = str_or_none(video.get('videoSeq'))
-            entries.append(self._get_vlive_info(video_data, video, video_id))
-
-        return self.playlist_result(entries, playlist_id, playlist_name)
-
-    def _get_vlive_info(self, post, video, video_id):
-        def get_common_fields():
-            channel = post.get('channel') or {}
-            return {
-                'title': video.get('title'),
-                'creator': post.get('author', {}).get('nickname'),
-                'channel': channel.get('channelName'),
-                'channel_id': channel.get('channelCode'),
-                'duration': int_or_none(video.get('playTime')),
-                'view_count': int_or_none(video.get('playCount')),
-                'like_count': int_or_none(video.get('likeCount')),
-                'comment_count': int_or_none(video.get('commentCount')),
-                'timestamp': int_or_none(video.get('createdAt'), scale=1000),
-                'thumbnail': video.get('thumb'),
-            }
-
-        video_type = video.get('type')
-        if video_type == 'VOD':
-            inkey = self._call_api('video/v1.0/vod/%s/inkey', video_id)['inkey']
-            vod_id = video['vodId']
-            info_dict = merge_dicts(
-                get_common_fields(),
-                self._extract_video_info(video_id, vod_id, inkey))
-            thumbnail = video.get('thumb')
-            if thumbnail:
-                if not info_dict.get('thumbnails') and info_dict.get('thumbnail'):
-                    info_dict['thumbnails'] = [{'url': info_dict.pop('thumbnail')}]
-                info_dict.setdefault('thumbnails', []).append({'url': thumbnail, 'preference': 1})
-            return info_dict
-        elif video_type == 'LIVE':
-            status = video.get('status')
-            if status == 'ON_AIR':
-                stream_url = self._call_api(
-                    'old/v3/live/%s/playInfo',
-                    video_id)['result']['adaptiveStreamUrl']
-                formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(stream_url, video_id, 'mp4')
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
-                info = get_common_fields()
-                info.update({
-                    'title': video['title'],
-                    'id': video_id,
-                    'formats': formats,
-                    'is_live': True,
-                })
-                return info
-            elif status == 'ENDED':
-                raise ExtractorError(
-                    'Uploading for replay. Please wait...', expected=True)
-            elif status == 'RESERVED':
-                raise ExtractorError('Coming soon!', expected=True)
-            elif video.get('exposeStatus') == 'CANCEL':
-                raise ExtractorError(
-                    'We are sorry, but the live broadcast has been canceled.',
-                    expected=True)
-            else:
-                raise ExtractorError('Unknown status ' + status)
-
-
-class VLivePostIE(VLiveBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'vlive:post'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www|m)\.)?vlive\.tv/post/(?P<id>\d-\d+)'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        # uploadType = SOS
-        'url': 'https://www.vlive.tv/post/1-20088044',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1-20088044',
-            'title': 'Hola estrellitas la tierra les dice hola (si era así no?) Ha...',
-            'description': 'md5:fab8a1e50e6e51608907f46c7fa4b407',
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 3,
-    }, {
-        # uploadType = V
-        'url': 'https://www.vlive.tv/post/1-20087926',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1-20087926',
-            'title': 'James Corden: And so, the baby becamos the Papa💜😭💪😭',
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 1,
-    }]
-    _FVIDEO_TMPL = 'fvideo/v1.0/fvideo-%%s/%s'
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        post_id = self._match_id(url)
-
-        post = self._call_api(
-            'post/v1.0/post-%s', post_id,
-            'attachments{video},officialVideo{videoSeq},plainBody,title')
-
-        video_seq = str_or_none(try_get(
-            post, lambda x: x['officialVideo']['videoSeq']))
-        if video_seq:
-            return self.url_result(
-                'http://www.vlive.tv/video/' + video_seq,
-                VLiveIE.ie_key(), video_seq)
-
-        title = post['title']
-        entries = []
-        for idx, video in enumerate(post['attachments']['video'].values()):
-            video_id = video.get('videoId')
-            if not video_id:
-                continue
-            upload_type = video.get('uploadType')
-            upload_info = video.get('uploadInfo') or {}
-            entry = None
-            if upload_type == 'SOS':
-                download = self._call_api(
-                    self._FVIDEO_TMPL % 'sosPlayInfo', video_id)['videoUrl']['download']
-                formats = []
-                for f_id, f_url in download.items():
-                    formats.append({
-                        'format_id': f_id,
-                        'url': f_url,
-                        'height': int_or_none(f_id[:-1]),
-                    })
-                self._sort_formats(formats)
-                entry = {
-                    'formats': formats,
-                    'id': video_id,
-                    'thumbnail': upload_info.get('imageUrl'),
-                }
-            elif upload_type == 'V':
-                vod_id = upload_info.get('videoId')
-                if not vod_id:
-                    continue
-                inkey = self._call_api(self._FVIDEO_TMPL % 'inKey', video_id)['inKey']
-                entry = self._extract_video_info(video_id, vod_id, inkey)
-            if entry:
-                entry['title'] = '%s_part%s' % (title, idx)
-                entries.append(entry)
-        return self.playlist_result(
-            entries, post_id, title, strip_or_none(post.get('plainBody')))
-
-
-class VLiveChannelIE(VLiveBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'vlive:channel'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:channels\.vlive\.tv|(?:(?:www|m)\.)?vlive\.tv/channel)/(?P<channel_id>[0-9A-Z]+)(?:/board/(?P<posts_id>\d+))?'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://channels.vlive.tv/FCD4B',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'FCD4B',
-            'title': 'MAMAMOO',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 110
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.vlive.tv/channel/FCD4B',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.vlive.tv/channel/FCD4B/board/3546',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'FCD4B-3546',
-            'title': 'MAMAMOO - Star Board',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 880
-    }]
-
-    def _entries(self, posts_id, board_name):
-        if board_name:
-            posts_path = 'post/v1.0/board-%s/posts'
-            query_add = {'limit': 100, 'sortType': 'LATEST'}
-        else:
-            posts_path = 'post/v1.0/channel-%s/starPosts'
-            query_add = {'limit': 100}
-
-        for page_num in itertools.count(1):
-            video_list = self._call_api(
-                posts_path, posts_id, 'channel{channelName},contentType,postId,title,url', query_add,
-                note=f'Downloading playlist page {page_num}')
-
-            for video in try_get(video_list, lambda x: x['data'], list) or []:
-                video_id = str(video.get('postId'))
-                video_title = str_or_none(video.get('title'))
-                video_url = url_or_none(video.get('url'))
-                if not all((video_id, video_title, video_url)) or video.get('contentType') != 'VIDEO':
-                    continue
-                channel_name = try_get(video, lambda x: x['channel']['channelName'], compat_str)
-                yield self.url_result(video_url, VLivePostIE.ie_key(), video_id, video_title, channel=channel_name)
-
-            after = try_get(video_list, lambda x: x['paging']['nextParams']['after'], compat_str)
-            if not after:
-                break
-            query_add['after'] = after
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        channel_id, posts_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
-
-        board_name = None
-        if posts_id:
-            board = self._call_api(
-                'board/v1.0/board-%s', posts_id, 'title,boardType')
-            board_name = board.get('title') or 'Unknown'
-            if board.get('boardType') not in ('STAR', 'VLIVE_PLUS'):
-                raise ExtractorError(f'Board {board_name!r} is not supported', expected=True)
-
-        entries = LazyList(self._entries(posts_id or channel_id, board_name))
-        channel_name = entries[0]['channel']
-
-        return self.playlist_result(
-            entries,
-            f'{channel_id}-{posts_id}' if posts_id else channel_id,
-            f'{channel_name} - {board_name}' if channel_name and board_name else channel_name)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vocaroo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vocaroo.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..704e25c227
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vocaroo.py
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    HEADRequest,
+    float_or_none,
+)
+
+
+class VocarooIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:vocaroo\.com|voca\.ro)/(?:embed/)?(?P<id>\w+)'
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<iframe[^>]+src=(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?vocaroo\.com/embed/.+?)\1']
+    _TESTS = [
+        {
+            'url': 'https://vocaroo.com/1de8yA3LNe77',
+            'md5': 'c557841d5e50261777a6585648adf439',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '1de8yA3LNe77',
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'title': 'Vocaroo video #1de8yA3LNe77',
+                'timestamp': 1675059800.370,
+                'upload_date': '20230130',
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://vocaroo.com/embed/12WqtjLnpj6g?autoplay=0',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://voca.ro/12D52rgpzkB0',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        },
+    ]
+
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [
+        {
+            'url': 'https://qbnu.github.io/cool.html',
+            'md5': 'f322e529275dd8a47994919eeac404a5',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '19cgWmKO6AmC',
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'title': 'Vocaroo video #19cgWmKO6AmC',
+                'timestamp': 1675093841.408,
+                'upload_date': '20230130',
+            },
+        },
+    ]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        audio_id = self._match_id(url)
+        if len(audio_id) == 10 or (len(audio_id) == 12 and audio_id[0] == '1'):
+            media_subdomain = 'media1'
+        else:
+            media_subdomain = 'media'
+
+        url = f'https://{media_subdomain}.vocaroo.com/mp3/{audio_id}'
+        http_headers = {'Referer': 'https://vocaroo.com/'}
+        resp = self._request_webpage(HEADRequest(url), audio_id, headers=http_headers)
+        return {
+            'id': audio_id,
+            'title': '',
+            'url': url,
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'timestamp': float_or_none(resp.getheader('x-bz-upload-timestamp'), scale=1000),
+            'vcodec': 'none',
+            'http_headers': http_headers,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vodplatform.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vodplatform.py
index 0d3e7eec21..5ff05004b6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vodplatform.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vodplatform.py
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ class VODPlatformIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         formats = self._extract_wowza_formats(
             hidden_inputs.get('HiddenmyhHlsLink') or hidden_inputs['HiddenmyDashLink'], video_id, skip_protocols=['f4m', 'smil'])
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/voicerepublic.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/voicerepublic.py
index e8cbd0e32c..47502afb4f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/voicerepublic.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/voicerepublic.py
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ class VoiceRepublicIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': determine_ext(talk_url) or format_id,
             'vcodec': 'none',
         } for format_id, talk_url in talk['media_links'].items()]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': compat_str(talk.get('id') or display_id),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/voicy.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/voicy.py
index feab79138a..7438b49565 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/voicy.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/voicy.py
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ class VoicyBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'acodec': 'mp3',
             'vcodec': 'none',
         }]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': compat_str(entry.get('ArticleId')),
             'title': entry.get('ArticleTitle'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/volejtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/volejtv.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..622d841f12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/volejtv.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class VolejTVIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://volej\.tv/video/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://volej.tv/video/725742/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '725742',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'description': 'Zápas VK Královo Pole vs VK Prostějov 10.12.2022 v 19:00 na Volej.TV',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://volej.tv/images/og/16/17186/og.png',
+            'title': 'VK Královo Pole vs VK Prostějov',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://volej.tv/video/725605/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '725605',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://volej.tv/images/og/15/17185/og.png',
+            'title': 'VK Lvi Praha vs VK Euro Sitex Příbram',
+            'description': 'Zápas VK Lvi Praha vs VK Euro Sitex Příbram 11.12.2022 v 19:00 na Volej.TV',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        json_data = self._search_json(
+            r'<\s*!\[CDATA[^=]+=', webpage, 'CDATA', video_id)
+        formats, subtitle = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+            json_data['urls']['hls'], video_id)
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': self._html_search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title'], webpage),
+            'thumbnail': self._html_search_meta(['og:image', 'twitter:image'], webpage),
+            'description': self._html_search_meta(['description', 'og:description', 'twitter:description'], webpage),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitle,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/voot.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/voot.py
index 7ac38a813a..b709b74e28 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/voot.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/voot.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class VootIE(InfoExtractor):
                         voot:|
                         https?://(?:www\.)?voot\.com/?
                         (?:
-                            movies/[^/]+/|
+                            movies?/[^/]+/|
                             (?:shows|kids)/(?:[^/]+/){4}
                         )
                      )
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@ class VootIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.voot.com/movies/pandavas-5/424627',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.voot.com/movie/fight-club/621842',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -70,7 +73,6 @@ class VootIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             'https://cdnapisec.kaltura.com/p/1982551/playManifest/pt/https/f/applehttp/t/web/e/' + entry_id,
             video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description, series, season_number, episode, episode_number = [None] * 5
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/voxmedia.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/voxmedia.py
index 96c782d8b3..f9362002f2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/voxmedia.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/voxmedia.py
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ class VoxMediaVolumeIE(OnceIE):
                 'tbr': int_or_none(tbr),
             })
         if formats:
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             info['formats'] = formats
             info['duration'] = int_or_none(asset.get('duration'))
             return info
@@ -58,7 +57,6 @@ class VoxMediaVolumeIE(OnceIE):
                 continue
             if provider_video_type == 'brightcove':
                 info['formats'] = self._extract_once_formats(provider_video_id)
-                self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
             else:
                 info.update({
                     '_type': 'url_transparent',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vrv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vrv.py
index 0b9bf2903b..ad9dc568a6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vrv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vrv.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class VRVBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         base_url = self._API_DOMAIN + '/core/' + path
         query = [
             ('oauth_consumer_key', self._API_PARAMS['oAuthKey']),
-            ('oauth_nonce', ''.join([random.choice(string.ascii_letters) for _ in range(32)])),
+            ('oauth_nonce', ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_letters, k=32))),
             ('oauth_signature_method', 'HMAC-SHA1'),
             ('oauth_timestamp', int(time.time())),
         ]
@@ -192,7 +192,6 @@ class VRVIE(VRVBaseIE):
                     formats.extend(self._extract_vrv_formats(
                         stream.get('url'), video_id, stream_type.split('_')[1],
                         audio_locale, stream.get('hardsub_locale')))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for k in ('captions', 'subtitles'):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vshare.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vshare.py
index 93842db794..1bc7ae4ba1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vshare.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vshare.py
@@ -49,8 +49,6 @@ class VShareIE(InfoExtractor):
             url, '<video>%s</video>' % self._extract_packed(webpage),
             video_id)[0]
 
-        self._sort_formats(info['formats'])
-
         info.update({
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vvvvid.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vvvvid.py
index f0156d10ca..ed725a55d5 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vvvvid.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vvvvid.py
@@ -223,7 +223,6 @@ class VVVVIDIE(InfoExtractor):
             metadata_from_url(embed_code)
 
         if not is_youtube:
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
             info['formats'] = formats
 
         metadata_from_url(video_data.get('thumbnail'))
@@ -242,7 +241,7 @@ class VVVVIDIE(InfoExtractor):
         return info
 
 
-class VVVVIDShowIE(VVVVIDIE):
+class VVVVIDShowIE(VVVVIDIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _VALID_URL = r'(?P<base_url>%s(?P<id>\d+)(?:/(?P<show_title>[^/?&#]+))?)/?(?:[?#&]|$)' % VVVVIDIE._VALID_URL_BASE
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.vvvvid.it/show/156/psyco-pass',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vzaar.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vzaar.py
index df43caf380..19908a929d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vzaar.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vzaar.py
@@ -87,11 +87,9 @@ class VzaarIE(InfoExtractor):
                 m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
             if hls_aes:
                 for f in m3u8_formats:
-                    f['_decryption_key_url'] = url_templ % ('goose', '') + qs
+                    f['hls_aes'] = {'uri': url_templ % ('goose', '') + qs}
             formats.extend(m3u8_formats)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/walla.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/walla.py
index 6b954c5cc2..a1a9c1708c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/walla.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/walla.py
@@ -69,7 +69,6 @@ class WallaIE(InfoExtractor):
             if m:
                 fmt['height'] = int(m.group('height'))
             formats.append(fmt)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/wasdtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/wasdtv.py
index bad5ccb993..f57c619b5f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/wasdtv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/wasdtv.py
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ class WASDTVBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         media_url, is_live = self._get_media_url(media_meta)
         video_id = media.get('media_id') or container.get('media_container_id')
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(media_url, video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': str(video_id),
             'title': container.get('media_container_name') or self._og_search_title(self._download_webpage(url, video_id)),
@@ -149,7 +148,6 @@ class WASDTVClipIE(WASDTVBaseIE):
         clip = self._fetch(f'v2/clips/{clip_id}', video_id=clip_id, description='clip')
         clip_data = clip.get('clip_data')
         formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(clip_data.get('url'), video_id=clip_id, ext='mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return {
             'id': clip_id,
             'title': clip.get('clip_title') or self._og_search_title(self._download_webpage(url, clip_id, fatal=False)),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/wat.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/wat.py
index e6a89adf69..7c62d2866a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/wat.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/wat.py
@@ -95,8 +95,6 @@ class WatIE(InfoExtractor):
             if manifest_urls:
                 extract_formats(manifest_urls)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/watchbox.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/watchbox.py
index e41148d4a6..c973ca9987 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/watchbox.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/watchbox.py
@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ class WatchBoxIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': int_or_none(item.get('height')),
                 'tbr': int_or_none(item.get('bitrate')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         description = strip_or_none(item.get('descr'))
         thumbnail = item.get('media_content_thumbnail_large') or source.get('poster') or item.get('media_thumbnail')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/wdr.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/wdr.py
index d0ad69477d..de5dc26667 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/wdr.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/wdr.py
@@ -103,8 +103,6 @@ class WDRIE(InfoExtractor):
                         a_format['ext'] = ext
                     formats.append(a_format)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         caption_url = media_resource.get('captionURL')
         if caption_url:
             subtitles['de'] = [{
@@ -133,7 +131,7 @@ class WDRIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
-class WDRPageIE(WDRIE):
+class WDRPageIE(WDRIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
     _MAUS_REGEX = r'https?://(?:www\.)wdrmaus.de/(?:[^/]+/)*?(?P<maus_id>[^/?#.]+)(?:/?|/index\.php5|\.php5)$'
     _PAGE_REGEX = r'/(?:mediathek/)?(?:[^/]+/)*(?P<display_id>[^/]+)\.html'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\d?\.)?(?:(?:kinder\.)?wdr\d?|sportschau)\.de' + _PAGE_REGEX + '|' + _MAUS_REGEX
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/webcamerapl.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/webcamerapl.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a02d9519c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/webcamerapl.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import codecs
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class WebcameraplIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?P<id>[\w-]+)\.webcamera\.pl'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://warszawa-plac-zamkowy.webcamera.pl',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'warszawa-plac-zamkowy',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': r're:WIDOK NA PLAC ZAMKOWY W WARSZAWIE \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}$',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://gdansk-stare-miasto.webcamera.pl/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'gdansk-stare-miasto',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': r're:GDAŃSK - widok na Stare Miasto \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}$',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        rot13_m3u8_url = self._search_regex(r'data-src\s*=\s*"(uggc[^"]+\.z3h8)"',
+                                            webpage, 'm3u8 url', default=None)
+        if not rot13_m3u8_url:
+            self.raise_no_formats('No video/audio found at the provided url', expected=True)
+
+        m3u8_url = codecs.decode(rot13_m3u8_url, 'rot-13')
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(m3u8_url, video_id, live=True)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': self._html_search_regex(r'<h1\b[^>]*>([^>]+)</h1>', webpage, 'title'),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'is_live': True,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/webcaster.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/webcaster.py
index a66a5f8c5e..43eeca0171 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/webcaster.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/webcaster.py
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ class WebcasterIE(InfoExtractor):
                             'format_note': track.get('title'),
                         })
                     formats.extend(m3u8_formats)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnail = xpath_text(video, './/image', 'thumbnail')
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/webofstories.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/webofstories.py
index fde9300b0f..65f48f3b19 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/webofstories.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/webofstories.py
@@ -104,8 +104,6 @@ class WebOfStoriesIE(InfoExtractor):
             'play_path': play_path,
         }]
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': story_id,
             'title': title,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/weibo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/weibo.py
index d5a52ce20e..81a23b9df3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/weibo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/weibo.py
@@ -88,8 +88,6 @@ class WeiboIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': res,
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         uploader = self._og_search_property(
             'nick-name', webpage, 'uploader', default=None)
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/whowatch.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/whowatch.py
index 21574471c4..f2808cd9fc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/whowatch.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/whowatch.py
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ class WhoWatchIE(InfoExtractor):
         formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
             hls_url, video_id, ext='mp4', m3u8_id='hls'))
         self._remove_duplicate_formats(formats)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         uploader_url = try_get(metadata, lambda x: x['live']['user']['user_path'], compat_str)
         if uploader_url:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/willow.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/willow.py
index 6c71e9a04c..0ec9c9d6e2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/willow.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/willow.py
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ class WillowIE(InfoExtractor):
             raise ExtractorError('No videos found')
 
         formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(video['secureurl'], video_id, 'mp4')
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': str(video.get('content_id')),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/wimtv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/wimtv.py
index d27a348d99..5711123903 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/wimtv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/wimtv.py
@@ -139,7 +139,6 @@ class WimTVIE(InfoExtractor):
                 })
         json = json.get('resource')
         thumb = self._generate_thumbnail(json.get('thumbnailId'))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/wistia.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/wistia.py
index 4388286241..884fa4b5fd 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/wistia.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/wistia.py
@@ -1,33 +1,52 @@
 import re
+import urllib.error
+import urllib.parse
+from base64 import b64decode
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
+    HEADRequest,
+    determine_ext,
     float_or_none,
     int_or_none,
-    try_call,
+    parse_qs,
+    traverse_obj,
     try_get,
+    update_url_query,
+    urlhandle_detect_ext,
 )
 
 
 class WistiaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _VALID_ID_REGEX = r'(?P<id>[a-z0-9]{10})'
     _VALID_URL_BASE = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?wistia\.(?:net|com)/(?:embed/)?'
-    _EMBED_BASE_URL = 'http://fast.wistia.com/embed/'
+    _EMBED_BASE_URL = 'http://fast.wistia.net/embed/'
 
     def _download_embed_config(self, config_type, config_id, referer):
-        base_url = self._EMBED_BASE_URL + '%ss/%s' % (config_type, config_id)
+        base_url = self._EMBED_BASE_URL + '%s/%s' % (config_type, config_id)
         embed_config = self._download_json(
             base_url + '.json', config_id, headers={
                 'Referer': referer if referer.startswith('http') else base_url,  # Some videos require this.
             })
 
-        if isinstance(embed_config, dict) and embed_config.get('error'):
+        error = traverse_obj(embed_config, 'error')
+        if error:
             raise ExtractorError(
-                'Error while getting the playlist', expected=True)
+                f'Error while getting the playlist: {error}', expected=True)
 
         return embed_config
 
+    def _get_real_ext(self, url):
+        ext = determine_ext(url, default_ext='bin')
+        if ext == 'bin':
+            urlh = self._request_webpage(
+                HEADRequest(url), None, note='Checking media extension',
+                errnote='HEAD request returned error', fatal=False)
+            if urlh:
+                ext = urlhandle_detect_ext(urlh, default='bin')
+        return 'mp4' if ext == 'mov' else ext
+
     def _extract_media(self, embed_config):
         data = embed_config['media']
         video_id = data['hashedId']
@@ -45,13 +64,13 @@ class WistiaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 continue
             elif atype in ('still', 'still_image'):
                 thumbnails.append({
-                    'url': aurl,
+                    'url': aurl.replace('.bin', f'.{self._get_real_ext(aurl)}'),
                     'width': int_or_none(a.get('width')),
                     'height': int_or_none(a.get('height')),
                     'filesize': int_or_none(a.get('size')),
                 })
             else:
-                aext = a.get('ext')
+                aext = a.get('ext') or self._get_real_ext(aurl)
                 display_name = a.get('display_name')
                 format_id = atype
                 if atype and atype.endswith('_video') and display_name:
@@ -92,8 +111,6 @@ class WistiaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                     })
                 formats.append(f)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         subtitles = {}
         for caption in data.get('captions', []):
             language = caption.get('language')
@@ -114,10 +131,38 @@ class WistiaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'subtitles': subtitles,
         }
 
+    @classmethod
+    def _extract_from_webpage(cls, url, webpage):
+        from .teachable import TeachableIE
+
+        if list(TeachableIE._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage)):
+            return
+
+        yield from super()._extract_from_webpage(url, webpage)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _extract_wistia_async_embed(cls, webpage):
+        # https://wistia.com/support/embed-and-share/video-on-your-website
+        # https://wistia.com/support/embed-and-share/channel-embeds
+        yield from re.finditer(
+            r'''(?sx)
+                <(?:div|section)[^>]+class=([\"'])(?:(?!\1).)*?(?P<type>wistia[a-z_0-9]+)\s*\bwistia_async_(?P<id>[a-z0-9]{10})\b(?:(?!\1).)*?\1
+            ''', webpage)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _extract_url_media_id(cls, url):
+        mobj = re.search(r'(?:wmediaid|wvideo(?:id)?)]?=(?P<id>[a-z0-9]{10})', urllib.parse.unquote_plus(url))
+        if mobj:
+            return mobj.group('id')
+
 
 class WistiaIE(WistiaBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'(?:wistia:|%s(?:iframe|medias)/)%s' % (WistiaBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE, WistiaBaseIE._VALID_ID_REGEX)
-    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<(?:meta[^>]+?content|(?:iframe|script)[^>]+?src)=["\'](?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:fast\.)?wistia\.(?:net|com)/embed/(?:iframe|medias)/[a-z0-9]{10})']
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [
+        r'''(?x)
+            <(?:meta[^>]+?content|(?:iframe|script)[^>]+?src)=["\']
+            (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:fast\.)?wistia\.(?:net|com)/embed/(?:iframe|medias)/[a-z0-9]{10})
+            ''']
     _TESTS = [{
         # with hls video
         'url': 'wistia:807fafadvk',
@@ -131,6 +176,33 @@ class WistiaIE(WistiaBaseIE):
             'timestamp': 1463607249,
             'duration': 4987.11,
         },
+        'skip': 'video unavailable',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'wistia:a6ndpko1wg',
+        'md5': '10c1ce9c4dde638202513ed17a3767bd',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'a6ndpko1wg',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Episode 2: Boxed Water\'s retention is thirsty',
+            'upload_date': '20210324',
+            'description': 'md5:da5994c2c2d254833b412469d9666b7a',
+            'duration': 966.0,
+            'timestamp': 1616614369,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://embed-ssl.wistia.com/deliveries/53dc60239348dc9b9fba3755173ea4c2.png',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'wistia:5vd7p4bct5',
+        'md5': 'b9676d24bf30945d97060638fbfe77f0',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5vd7p4bct5',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'md5:eaa9f64c4efd7b5f098b9b6118597679',
+            'description': 'md5:a9bea0315f0616aa5df2dc413ddcdd0f',
+            'upload_date': '20220915',
+            'timestamp': 1663258727,
+            'duration': 623.019,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://embed(?:-ssl)?.wistia.com/.+\.jpg$',
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'wistia:sh7fpupwlt',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -145,39 +217,53 @@ class WistiaIE(WistiaBaseIE):
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
-    # https://wistia.com/support/embed-and-share/video-on-your-website
-    @classmethod
-    def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
-        urls = list(super()._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage))
-
-        for match in re.finditer(
-                r'''(?sx)
-                    <div[^>]+class=(["'])(?:(?!\1).)*?\bwistia_async_(?P<id>[a-z0-9]{10})\b(?:(?!\1).)*?\1
-                ''', webpage):
-            urls.append('wistia:%s' % match.group('id'))
-        for match in re.finditer(r'(?:data-wistia-?id=["\']|Wistia\.embed\(["\']|id=["\']wistia_)(?P<id>[a-z0-9]{10})', webpage):
-            urls.append('wistia:%s' % match.group('id'))
-        return urls
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _extract_from_webpage(cls, url, webpage):
-        from .teachable import TeachableIE
-
-        if list(TeachableIE._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage)):
-            return
-
-        for entry in super()._extract_from_webpage(url, webpage):
-            yield {
-                **entry,
-                '_type': 'url_transparent',
-                'uploader': try_call(lambda: re.match(r'(?:https?://)?([^/]+)/', url).group(1)),
-            }
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.weidert.com/blog/wistia-channels-video-marketing-tool',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'cqwukac3z1',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'How Wistia Channels Can Help Capture Inbound Value From Your Video Content',
+            'duration': 158.125,
+            'timestamp': 1618974400,
+            'description': 'md5:27abc99a758573560be72600ef95cece',
+            'upload_date': '20210421',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://embed-ssl.wistia.com/deliveries/6c551820ae950cdee2306d6cbe9ef742.jpg',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://study.com/academy/lesson/north-american-exploration-failed-colonies-of-spain-france-england.html#lesson',
+        'md5': 'b9676d24bf30945d97060638fbfe77f0',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '5vd7p4bct5',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'paywall_north-american-exploration-failed-colonies-of-spain-france-england',
+            'upload_date': '20220915',
+            'timestamp': 1663258727,
+            'duration': 623.019,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://embed-ssl.wistia.com/deliveries/83e6ec693e2c05a0ce65809cbaead86a.jpg',
+            'description': 'a Paywall Videos video',
+        },
+    }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        embed_config = self._download_embed_config('media', video_id, url)
+        embed_config = self._download_embed_config('medias', video_id, url)
         return self._extract_media(embed_config)
 
+    @classmethod
+    def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
+        urls = list(super()._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage))
+        for match in cls._extract_wistia_async_embed(webpage):
+            if match.group('type') != 'wistia_channel':
+                urls.append('wistia:%s' % match.group('id'))
+        for match in re.finditer(r'(?:data-wistia-?id=["\']|Wistia\.embed\(["\']|id=["\']wistia_)(?P<id>[a-z0-9]{10})',
+                                 webpage):
+            urls.append('wistia:%s' % match.group('id'))
+        if not WistiaChannelIE._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage):  # Fallback
+            media_id = cls._extract_url_media_id(url)
+            if media_id:
+                urls.append('wistia:%s' % match.group('id'))
+        return urls
+
 
 class WistiaPlaylistIE(WistiaBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'%splaylists/%s' % (WistiaBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE, WistiaBaseIE._VALID_ID_REGEX)
@@ -192,7 +278,7 @@ class WistiaPlaylistIE(WistiaBaseIE):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
-        playlist = self._download_embed_config('playlist', playlist_id, url)
+        playlist = self._download_embed_config('playlists', playlist_id, url)
 
         entries = []
         for media in (try_get(playlist, lambda x: x[0]['medias']) or []):
@@ -202,3 +288,107 @@ class WistiaPlaylistIE(WistiaBaseIE):
             entries.append(self._extract_media(embed_config))
 
         return self.playlist_result(entries, playlist_id)
+
+
+class WistiaChannelIE(WistiaBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'(?:wistiachannel:|%schannel/)%s' % (WistiaBaseIE._VALID_URL_BASE, WistiaBaseIE._VALID_ID_REGEX)
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        # JSON Embed API returns 403, should fall back to webpage
+        'url': 'https://fast.wistia.net/embed/channel/yvyvu7wjbg?wchannelid=yvyvu7wjbg',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'yvyvu7wjbg',
+            'title': 'Copysmith Tutorials and Education!',
+            'description': 'Learn all things Copysmith via short and informative videos!'
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 7,
+        'expected_warnings': ['falling back to webpage'],
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://fast.wistia.net/embed/channel/3802iirk0l',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3802iirk0l',
+            'title': 'The Roof',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 20,
+    }, {
+        # link to popup video, follow --no-playlist
+        'url': 'https://fast.wistia.net/embed/channel/3802iirk0l?wchannelid=3802iirk0l&wmediaid=sp5dqjzw3n',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'sp5dqjzw3n',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'The Roof S2: The Modern CRO',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://embed-ssl.wistia.com/deliveries/dadfa9233eaa505d5e0c85c23ff70741.png',
+            'duration': 86.487,
+            'description': 'A sales leader on The Roof? Man, they really must be letting anyone up here this season.\n',
+            'timestamp': 1619790290,
+            'upload_date': '20210430',
+        },
+        'params': {'noplaylist': True, 'skip_download': True},
+    }]
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.profitwell.com/recur/boxed-out',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6jyvmqz6zs',
+            'title': 'Boxed Out',
+            'description': 'md5:14a8a93a1dbe236718e6a59f8c8c7bae',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 30,
+    }, {
+        # section instead of div
+        'url': 'https://360learning.com/studio/onboarding-joei/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'z874k93n2o',
+            'title': 'Onboarding Joei.',
+            'description': 'Coming to you weekly starting Feb 19th.',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 20,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://amplitude.com/amplify-sessions?amp%5Bwmediaid%5D=pz0m0l0if3&amp%5Bwvideo%5D=pz0m0l0if3&wchannelid=emyjmwjf79&wmediaid=i8um783bdt',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'pz0m0l0if3',
+            'title': 'A Framework for Improving Product Team Performance',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'timestamp': 1653935275,
+            'upload_date': '20220530',
+            'description': 'Learn how to help your company improve and achieve your product related goals.',
+            'duration': 1854.39,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://embed-ssl.wistia.com/deliveries/12fd19e56413d9d6f04e2185c16a6f8854e25226.png',
+        },
+        'params': {'noplaylist': True, 'skip_download': True},
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        channel_id = self._match_id(url)
+        media_id = self._extract_url_media_id(url)
+        if not self._yes_playlist(channel_id, media_id, playlist_label='channel'):
+            return self.url_result(f'wistia:{media_id}', 'Wistia')
+
+        try:
+            data = self._download_embed_config('channel', channel_id, url)
+        except (ExtractorError, urllib.error.HTTPError):
+            # Some channels give a 403 from the JSON API
+            self.report_warning('Failed to download channel data from API, falling back to webpage.')
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(f'https://fast.wistia.net/embed/channel/{channel_id}', channel_id)
+            data = self._parse_json(
+                self._search_regex(r'wchanneljsonp-%s\'\]\s*=[^\"]*\"([A-Za-z0-9=/]*)' % channel_id, webpage, 'jsonp', channel_id),
+                channel_id, transform_source=lambda x: urllib.parse.unquote_plus(b64decode(x).decode('utf-8')))
+
+        # XXX: can there be more than one series?
+        series = traverse_obj(data, ('series', 0), default={})
+
+        entries = [
+            self.url_result(f'wistia:{video["hashedId"]}', WistiaIE, title=video.get('name'))
+            for video in traverse_obj(series, ('sections', ..., 'videos', ...)) or []
+            if video.get('hashedId')
+        ]
+
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            entries, channel_id, playlist_title=series.get('title'), playlist_description=series.get('description'))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
+        yield from super()._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage)
+        for match in cls._extract_wistia_async_embed(webpage):
+            if match.group('type') == 'wistia_channel':
+                # original url may contain wmediaid query param
+                yield update_url_query(f'wistiachannel:{match.group("id")}', parse_qs(url))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/wordpress.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/wordpress.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..53820b57a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/wordpress.py
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+import re
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    extract_attributes,
+    get_elements_by_class,
+    get_elements_text_and_html_by_attribute,
+    int_or_none,
+    parse_duration,
+    traverse_obj,
+)
+
+
+# https://codex.wordpress.org/Playlist_Shortcode
+class WordpressPlaylistEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = False
+    IE_NAME = 'wordpress:playlist'
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        # 5 WordPress playlists. This is using wpse-playlist, which is similar.
+        # See: https://github.com/birgire/wpse-playlist
+        'url': 'https://xlino.com/wordpress-playlist-shortcode-with-external-audio-or-video-files/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'wordpress-playlist-shortcode-with-external-audio-or-video-files',
+            'title': 'WordPress: Playlist shortcode with external audio or video files – Birgir Erlendsson (birgire)',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 5,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://pianoadventures.com/products/piano-adventures-level-1-lesson-book-enhanced-cd/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'piano-adventures-level-1-lesson-book-enhanced-cd-wp-playlist-1',
+            'title': 'Wordpress Playlist',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://pianoadventures.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2022/01/CD1002cover.jpg',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'CD1002-21',
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'title': '21 Half-Time Show',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://pianoadventures.com/wp-content/plugins/media-library-assistant/images/crystal/audio.png',
+                'album': 'Piano Adventures Level 1 Lesson Book (2nd Edition)',
+                'genre': 'Classical',
+                'duration': 49.0,
+                'artist': 'Nancy and Randall Faber',
+                'description': 'md5:a9f8e9aeabbd2912bc13cc0fab1a4ce8',
+            }
+        }],
+        'playlist_count': 6,
+        'params': {'skip_download': True}
+    }]
+
+    def _extract_from_webpage(self, url, webpage):
+        # class should always be "wp-playlist-script"
+        # See: https://core.trac.wordpress.org/browser/trunk/src/wp-includes/media.php#L2930
+        for i, j in enumerate(get_elements_by_class('wp-playlist-script', webpage)):
+            playlist_json = self._parse_json(j, self._generic_id(url), fatal=False, ignore_extra=True, errnote='') or {}
+            if not playlist_json:
+                continue
+            entries = [{
+                'id': self._generic_id(track['src']),
+                'title': track.get('title'),
+                'url': track.get('src'),
+                'thumbnail': traverse_obj(track, ('thumb', 'src')),
+                'album': traverse_obj(track, ('meta', 'album')),
+                'artist': traverse_obj(track, ('meta', 'artist')),
+                'genre': traverse_obj(track, ('meta', 'genre')),
+                'duration': parse_duration(traverse_obj(track, ('meta', 'length_formatted'))),
+                'description': track.get('description'),
+                'height': int_or_none(traverse_obj(track, ('dimensions', 'original', 'height'))),
+                'width': int_or_none(traverse_obj(track, ('dimensions', 'original', 'width'))),
+            } for track in traverse_obj(playlist_json, ('tracks', ...), expected_type=dict)]
+            yield self.playlist_result(entries, self._generic_id(url) + f'-wp-playlist-{i+1}', 'Wordpress Playlist')
+
+
+class WordpressMiniAudioPlayerEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
+    # WordPress MB Mini Player Plugin
+    # https://wordpress.org/plugins/wp-miniaudioplayer/
+    # Note: This is for the WordPress plugin version only.
+    _VALID_URL = False
+    IE_NAME = 'wordpress:mb.miniAudioPlayer'
+    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
+        # Version 1.8.10: https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-miniaudioplayer/tags/1.8.10
+        'url': 'https://news.samsung.com/global/over-the-horizon-the-evolution-of-the-samsung-galaxy-brand-sound',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'over-the-horizon-the-evolution-of-the-samsung-galaxy-brand-sound',
+            'title': 'Over the Horizon: The Evolution of the Samsung Galaxy Brand Sound',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://img.global.news.samsung.com/global/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/OTH_Main_Title-e1429612467870.jpg',
+            'description': 'md5:bc3dd738d1f11d9232e94e6629983bf7',
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'over_the_horizon_2013',
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'title': 'Over the Horizon 2013',
+                'url': 'http://news.samsung.com/global/wp-content/uploads/ringtones/over_the_horizon_2013.mp3'
+            }
+        }],
+        'playlist_count': 6,
+        'params': {'skip_download': True}
+    }, {
+        # Version 1.9.3: https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-miniaudioplayer/tags/1.9.3
+        'url': 'https://www.booksontape.com/collections/audiobooks-with-teacher-guides/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'audiobooks-with-teacher-guides',
+            'title': 'Audiobooks with Teacher Guides | Books on Tape',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://www.booksontape.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/bot-logo-1200x630.jpg',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 12
+    }, {
+        # Version 1.9.7: https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-miniaudioplayer/tags/1.9.7
+        # But has spaces around href filter
+        'url': 'https://www.estudiords.com.br/temas/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'temas',
+            'title': 'Temas Variados',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'timestamp': float,
+            'upload_date': str,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://www.estudiords.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/LOGO-TEMAS.png',
+            'description': 'md5:ab24d6a7ed0312ad2d466e721679f5a0',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 30
+    }]
+
+    def _extract_from_webpage(self, url, webpage):
+        # Common function for the WordPress plugin version only.
+        mb_player_params = self._search_regex(
+            r'function\s*initializeMiniAudioPlayer\(\){[^}]+jQuery([^;]+)\.mb_miniPlayer',
+            webpage, 'mb player params', default=None)
+        if not mb_player_params:
+            return
+        # v1.55 - 1.9.3 has "a[href*='.mp3'] ,a[href*='.m4a']"
+        # v1.9.4+ has "a[href*='.mp3']" only
+        file_exts = re.findall(r'a\[href\s*\*=\s*\'\.([a-zA-Z\d]+)\'', mb_player_params)
+        if not file_exts:
+            return
+
+        candidates = get_elements_text_and_html_by_attribute(
+            'href', rf'(?:[^\"\']+\.(?:{"|".join(file_exts)}))', webpage, escape_value=False, tag='a')
+
+        for title, html in candidates:
+            attrs = extract_attributes(html)
+            # XXX: not tested - have not found any example of it being used
+            if any(c in (attrs.get('class') or '') for c in re.findall(r'\.not\("\.([^"]+)', mb_player_params)):
+                continue
+            href = attrs['href']
+            yield {
+                'id': self._generic_id(href),
+                'title': title or self._generic_title(href),
+                'url': href,
+            }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/wppilot.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/wppilot.py
index e1062b9b5b..5e590e2f4f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/wppilot.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/wppilot.py
@@ -138,8 +138,6 @@ class WPPilotIE(WPPilotBaseIE):
                         random.choice(fmt['url']),
                         video_id, live=True))
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         channel['formats'] = formats
         return channel
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/wrestleuniverse.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/wrestleuniverse.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5c6dec2c40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/wrestleuniverse.py
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+import base64
+import binascii
+import json
+import time
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..dependencies import Cryptodome
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    int_or_none,
+    jwt_decode_hs256,
+    traverse_obj,
+    try_call,
+    url_or_none,
+)
+
+
+class WrestleUniverseBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL_TMPL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?wrestle-universe\.com/(?:(?P<lang>\w{2})/)?%s/(?P<id>\w+)'
+    _API_PATH = None
+    _TOKEN = None
+    _TOKEN_EXPIRY = None
+
+    def _get_token_cookie(self):
+        if not self._TOKEN or not self._TOKEN_EXPIRY:
+            self._TOKEN = try_call(lambda: self._get_cookies('https://www.wrestle-universe.com/')['token'].value)
+            if not self._TOKEN:
+                self.raise_login_required()
+            expiry = traverse_obj(jwt_decode_hs256(self._TOKEN), ('exp', {int_or_none}))
+            if not expiry:
+                raise ExtractorError('There was a problem with the token cookie')
+            self._TOKEN_EXPIRY = expiry
+
+        if self._TOKEN_EXPIRY <= int(time.time()):
+            raise ExtractorError(
+                'Expired token. Refresh your cookies in browser and try again', expected=True)
+
+        return self._TOKEN
+
+    def _call_api(self, video_id, param='', msg='API', auth=True, data=None, query={}, fatal=True):
+        headers = {'CA-CID': ''}
+        if data:
+            headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json;charset=utf-8'
+            data = json.dumps(data, separators=(',', ':')).encode()
+        if auth:
+            headers['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {self._get_token_cookie()}'
+        return self._download_json(
+            f'https://api.wrestle-universe.com/v1/{self._API_PATH}/{video_id}{param}', video_id,
+            note=f'Downloading {msg} JSON', errnote=f'Failed to download {msg} JSON',
+            data=data, headers=headers, query=query, fatal=fatal)
+
+    def _call_encrypted_api(self, video_id, param='', msg='API', data={}, query={}, fatal=True):
+        if not Cryptodome.RSA:
+            raise ExtractorError('pycryptodomex not found. Please install', expected=True)
+        private_key = Cryptodome.RSA.generate(2048)
+        cipher = Cryptodome.PKCS1_OAEP.new(private_key, hashAlgo=Cryptodome.SHA1)
+
+        def decrypt(data):
+            if not data:
+                return None
+            try:
+                return cipher.decrypt(base64.b64decode(data)).decode()
+            except (ValueError, binascii.Error) as e:
+                raise ExtractorError(f'Could not decrypt data: {e}')
+
+        token = base64.b64encode(private_key.public_key().export_key('DER')).decode()
+        api_json = self._call_api(video_id, param, msg, data={
+            # 'deviceId' (random uuid4 generated at login) is not required yet
+            'token': token,
+            **data,
+        }, query=query, fatal=fatal)
+        return api_json, decrypt
+
+    def _download_metadata(self, url, video_id, lang, props_key):
+        metadata = self._call_api(video_id, msg='metadata', query={'al': lang or 'ja'}, auth=False, fatal=False)
+        if not metadata:
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+            nextjs_data = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, video_id)
+            metadata = traverse_obj(nextjs_data, ('props', 'pageProps', props_key, {dict})) or {}
+        return metadata
+
+    def _get_formats(self, data, path, video_id=None):
+        hls_url = traverse_obj(data, path, get_all=False)
+        if not hls_url and not data.get('canWatch'):
+            self.raise_no_formats(
+                'This account does not have access to the requested content', expected=True)
+        elif not hls_url:
+            self.raise_no_formats('No supported formats found')
+        return self._extract_m3u8_formats(hls_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', live=True)
+
+
+class WrestleUniverseVODIE(WrestleUniverseBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = WrestleUniverseBaseIE._VALID_URL_TMPL % 'videos'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.wrestle-universe.com/en/videos/dp8mpjmcKfxzUhEHM2uFws',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'dp8mpjmcKfxzUhEHM2uFws',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'The 3rd “Futari wa Princess” Max Heart Tournament',
+            'description': 'md5:318d5061e944797fbbb81d5c7dd00bf5',
+            'location': '埼玉・春日部ふれあいキューブ',
+            'channel': 'tjpw',
+            'duration': 7119,
+            'timestamp': 1674979200,
+            'upload_date': '20230129',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://image.asset.wrestle-universe.com/8FjD67P8rZc446RBQs5RBN/8FjD67P8rZc446RBQs5RBN',
+            'chapters': 'count:7',
+            'cast': 'count:18',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    _API_PATH = 'videoEpisodes'
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        lang, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('lang', 'id')
+        metadata = self._download_metadata(url, video_id, lang, 'videoEpisodeFallbackData')
+        video_data = self._call_api(video_id, ':watch', 'watch', data={
+            # 'deviceId' is required if ignoreDeviceRestriction is False
+            'ignoreDeviceRestriction': True,
+        })
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': self._get_formats(video_data, (
+                (('protocolHls', 'url'), ('chromecastUrls', ...)), {url_or_none}), video_id),
+            **traverse_obj(metadata, {
+                'title': ('displayName', {str}),
+                'description': ('description', {str}),
+                'channel': ('labels', 'group', {str}),
+                'location': ('labels', 'venue', {str}),
+                'timestamp': ('watchStartTime', {int_or_none}),
+                'thumbnail': ('keyVisualUrl', {url_or_none}),
+                'cast': ('casts', ..., 'displayName', {str}),
+                'duration': ('duration', {int}),
+                'chapters': ('videoChapters', lambda _, v: isinstance(v.get('start'), int), {
+                    'title': ('displayName', {str}),
+                    'start_time': ('start', {int}),
+                    'end_time': ('end', {int}),
+                }),
+            }),
+        }
+
+
+class WrestleUniversePPVIE(WrestleUniverseBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = WrestleUniverseBaseIE._VALID_URL_TMPL % 'lives'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'note': 'HLS AES-128 key obtained via API',
+        'url': 'https://www.wrestle-universe.com/en/lives/buH9ibbfhdJAY4GKZcEuJX',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'buH9ibbfhdJAY4GKZcEuJX',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '【PPV】Beyond the origins, into the future',
+            'description': 'md5:9a872db68cd09be4a1e35a3ee8b0bdfc',
+            'channel': 'tjpw',
+            'location': '東京・Twin Box AKIHABARA',
+            'duration': 10098,
+            'timestamp': 1675076400,
+            'upload_date': '20230130',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://image.asset.wrestle-universe.com/rJs2m7cBaLXrwCcxMdQGRM/rJs2m7cBaLXrwCcxMdQGRM',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:3',
+            'hls_aes': {
+                'key': '5633184acd6e43f1f1ac71c6447a4186',
+                'iv': '5bac71beb33197d5600337ce86de7862',
+            },
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'unencrypted HLS',
+        'url': 'https://www.wrestle-universe.com/en/lives/wUG8hP5iApC63jbtQzhVVx',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'wUG8hP5iApC63jbtQzhVVx',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'GRAND PRINCESS \'22',
+            'description': 'md5:e4f43d0d4262de3952ff34831bc99858',
+            'channel': 'tjpw',
+            'location': '東京・両国国技館',
+            'duration': 18044,
+            'timestamp': 1647665400,
+            'upload_date': '20220319',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://image.asset.wrestle-universe.com/i8jxSTCHPfdAKD4zN41Psx/i8jxSTCHPfdAKD4zN41Psx',
+            'thumbnails': 'count:3',
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    _API_PATH = 'events'
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        lang, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('lang', 'id')
+        metadata = self._download_metadata(url, video_id, lang, 'eventFallbackData')
+
+        info = traverse_obj(metadata, {
+            'title': ('displayName', {str}),
+            'description': ('description', {str}),
+            'channel': ('labels', 'group', {str}),
+            'location': ('labels', 'venue', {str}),
+            'timestamp': ('startTime', {int_or_none}),
+            'thumbnails': (('keyVisualUrl', 'alterKeyVisualUrl', 'heroKeyVisualUrl'), {'url': {url_or_none}}),
+        })
+
+        ended_time = traverse_obj(metadata, ('endedTime', {int_or_none}))
+        if info.get('timestamp') and ended_time:
+            info['duration'] = ended_time - info['timestamp']
+
+        video_data, decrypt = self._call_encrypted_api(
+            video_id, ':watchArchive', 'watch archive', data={'method': 1})
+        formats = self._get_formats(video_data, (
+            ('hls', None), ('urls', 'chromecastUrls'), ..., {url_or_none}), video_id)
+        for f in formats:
+            # bitrates are exaggerated in PPV playlists, so avoid wrong/huge filesize_approx values
+            if f.get('tbr'):
+                f['tbr'] = int(f['tbr'] / 2.5)
+
+        hls_aes_key = traverse_obj(video_data, ('hls', 'key', {decrypt}))
+        if not hls_aes_key and traverse_obj(video_data, ('hls', 'encryptType', {int}), default=0) > 0:
+            self.report_warning('HLS AES-128 key was not found in API response')
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'hls_aes': {
+                'key': hls_aes_key,
+                'iv': traverse_obj(video_data, ('hls', 'iv', {decrypt})),
+            },
+            **info,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/wsj.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/wsj.py
index 9eeed104f5..86e2646793 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/wsj.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/wsj.py
@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ class WSJIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'height': int_or_none(v.get('height')),
                 'fps': float_or_none(v.get('fps')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/xanimu.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/xanimu.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e0b7bf9680
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/xanimu.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import re
+
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import int_or_none
+
+
+class XanimuIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?xanimu\.com/(?P<id>[^/]+)/?'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://xanimu.com/51944-the-princess-the-frog-hentai/',
+        'md5': '899b88091d753d92dad4cb63bbf357a7',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '51944-the-princess-the-frog-hentai',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'The Princess + The Frog Hentai',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://xanimu.com/storage/2020/09/the-princess-and-the-frog-hentai.jpg',
+            'description': r're:^Enjoy The Princess \+ The Frog Hentai',
+            'duration': 207.0,
+            'age_limit': 18
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://xanimu.com/huge-expansion/',
+        'only_matching': True
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        formats = []
+        for format in ['videoHigh', 'videoLow']:
+            format_url = self._search_json(r'var\s+%s\s*=' % re.escape(format), webpage, format,
+                                           video_id, default=None, contains_pattern=r'[\'"]([^\'"]+)[\'"]')
+            if format_url:
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': format_url,
+                    'format_id': format,
+                    'quality': -2 if format.endswith('Low') else None,
+                })
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'title': self._search_regex(r'[\'"]headline[\'"]:\s*[\'"]([^"]+)[\'"]', webpage,
+                                        'title', default=None) or self._html_extract_title(webpage),
+            'thumbnail': self._html_search_meta('thumbnailUrl', webpage, default=None),
+            'description': self._html_search_meta('description', webpage, default=None),
+            'duration': int_or_none(self._search_regex(r'duration:\s*[\'"]([^\'"]+?)[\'"]',
+                                    webpage, 'duration', fatal=False)),
+            'age_limit': 18
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/xfileshare.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/xfileshare.py
index e5c479d033..08c6d6c7c0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/xfileshare.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/xfileshare.py
@@ -182,7 +182,6 @@ class XFileShareIE(InfoExtractor):
                         'url': video_url,
                         'format_id': 'sd',
                     })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnail = self._search_regex(
             [
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/xhamster.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/xhamster.py
index 688c6b9522..7af6c8f037 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/xhamster.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/xhamster.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 
 class XHamsterIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _DOMAINS = r'(?:xhamster\.(?:com|one|desi)|xhms\.pro|xhamster\d+\.com|xhday\.com)'
+    _DOMAINS = r'(?:xhamster\.(?:com|one|desi)|xhms\.pro|xhamster\d+\.com|xhday\.com|xhvid\.com)'
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
                     https?://
                         (?:.+?\.)?%s/
@@ -120,6 +120,9 @@ class XHamsterIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://xhday.com/videos/strapless-threesome-xhh7yVf',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://xhvid.com/videos/lk-mm-xhc6wn6',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -234,7 +237,6 @@ class XHamsterIE(InfoExtractor):
                                         'Referer': standard_url,
                                     },
                                 })
-            self._sort_formats(formats)
 
             categories_list = video.get('categories')
             if isinstance(categories_list, list):
@@ -311,8 +313,6 @@ class XHamsterIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': video_url,
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         # Only a few videos have an description
         mobj = re.search(r'<span>Description: </span>([^<]+)', webpage)
         description = mobj.group(1) if mobj else None
@@ -425,6 +425,9 @@ class XHamsterUserIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://xhday.com/users/mobhunter',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://xhvid.com/users/pelushe21',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _entries(self, user_id):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/xiami.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/xiami.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 71b2956a8e..0000000000
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/xiami.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,198 +0,0 @@
-from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..compat import compat_urllib_parse_unquote
-from ..utils import int_or_none
-
-
-class XiamiBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _API_BASE_URL = 'https://emumo.xiami.com/song/playlist/cat/json/id'
-
-    def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        webpage = super(XiamiBaseIE, self)._download_webpage_handle(*args, **kwargs)
-        if '>Xiami is currently not available in your country.<' in webpage:
-            self.raise_geo_restricted('Xiami is currently not available in your country')
-        return webpage
-
-    def _extract_track(self, track, track_id=None):
-        track_name = track.get('songName') or track.get('name') or track['subName']
-        artist = track.get('artist') or track.get('artist_name') or track.get('singers')
-        title = '%s - %s' % (artist, track_name) if artist else track_name
-        track_url = self._decrypt(track['location'])
-
-        subtitles = {}
-        lyrics_url = track.get('lyric_url') or track.get('lyric')
-        if lyrics_url and lyrics_url.startswith('http'):
-            subtitles['origin'] = [{'url': lyrics_url}]
-
-        return {
-            'id': track.get('song_id') or track_id,
-            'url': track_url,
-            'title': title,
-            'thumbnail': track.get('pic') or track.get('album_pic'),
-            'duration': int_or_none(track.get('length')),
-            'creator': track.get('artist', '').split(';')[0],
-            'track': track_name,
-            'track_number': int_or_none(track.get('track')),
-            'album': track.get('album_name') or track.get('title'),
-            'artist': artist,
-            'subtitles': subtitles,
-        }
-
-    def _extract_tracks(self, item_id, referer, typ=None):
-        playlist = self._download_json(
-            '%s/%s%s' % (self._API_BASE_URL, item_id, '/type/%s' % typ if typ else ''),
-            item_id, headers={
-                'Referer': referer,
-            })
-        return [
-            self._extract_track(track, item_id)
-            for track in playlist['data']['trackList']]
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _decrypt(origin):
-        n = int(origin[0])
-        origin = origin[1:]
-        short_length = len(origin) // n
-        long_num = len(origin) - short_length * n
-        l = tuple()
-        for i in range(0, n):
-            length = short_length
-            if i < long_num:
-                length += 1
-            l += (origin[0:length], )
-            origin = origin[length:]
-        ans = ''
-        for i in range(0, short_length + 1):
-            for j in range(0, n):
-                if len(l[j]) > i:
-                    ans += l[j][i]
-        return compat_urllib_parse_unquote(ans).replace('^', '0')
-
-
-class XiamiSongIE(XiamiBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'xiami:song'
-    IE_DESC = '虾米音乐'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?xiami\.com/song/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.xiami.com/song/1775610518',
-        'md5': '521dd6bea40fd5c9c69f913c232cb57e',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1775610518',
-            'ext': 'mp3',
-            'title': 'HONNE - Woman',
-            'thumbnail': r're:http://img\.xiami\.net/images/album/.*\.jpg',
-            'duration': 265,
-            'creator': 'HONNE',
-            'track': 'Woman',
-            'album': 'Woman',
-            'artist': 'HONNE',
-            'subtitles': {
-                'origin': [{
-                    'ext': 'lrc',
-                }],
-            },
-        },
-        'skip': 'Georestricted',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.xiami.com/song/1775256504',
-        'md5': '932a3abd45c6aa2b1fdbe028fcb4c4fc',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1775256504',
-            'ext': 'mp3',
-            'title': '戴荃 - 悟空',
-            'thumbnail': r're:http://img\.xiami\.net/images/album/.*\.jpg',
-            'duration': 200,
-            'creator': '戴荃',
-            'track': '悟空',
-            'album': '悟空',
-            'artist': '戴荃',
-            'subtitles': {
-                'origin': [{
-                    'ext': 'lrc',
-                }],
-            },
-        },
-        'skip': 'Georestricted',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.xiami.com/song/1775953850',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '1775953850',
-            'ext': 'mp3',
-            'title': 'До Скону - Чума Пожирает Землю',
-            'thumbnail': r're:http://img\.xiami\.net/images/album/.*\.jpg',
-            'duration': 683,
-            'creator': 'До Скону',
-            'track': 'Чума Пожирает Землю',
-            'track_number': 7,
-            'album': 'Ад',
-            'artist': 'До Скону',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.xiami.com/song/xLHGwgd07a1',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }]
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        return self._extract_tracks(self._match_id(url), url)[0]
-
-
-class XiamiPlaylistBaseIE(XiamiBaseIE):
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        item_id = self._match_id(url)
-        return self.playlist_result(self._extract_tracks(item_id, url, self._TYPE), item_id)
-
-
-class XiamiAlbumIE(XiamiPlaylistBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'xiami:album'
-    IE_DESC = '虾米音乐 - 专辑'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?xiami\.com/album/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
-    _TYPE = '1'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.xiami.com/album/2100300444',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '2100300444',
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 10,
-        'skip': 'Georestricted',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.xiami.com/album/512288?spm=a1z1s.6843761.1110925389.6.hhE9p9',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.xiami.com/album/URVDji2a506',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }]
-
-
-class XiamiArtistIE(XiamiPlaylistBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'xiami:artist'
-    IE_DESC = '虾米音乐 - 歌手'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?xiami\.com/artist/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
-    _TYPE = '2'
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://www.xiami.com/artist/2132?spm=0.0.0.0.dKaScp',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '2132',
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 20,
-        'skip': 'Georestricted',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.xiami.com/artist/bC5Tk2K6eb99',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }]
-
-
-class XiamiCollectionIE(XiamiPlaylistBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'xiami:collection'
-    IE_DESC = '虾米音乐 - 精选集'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?xiami\.com/collect/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
-    _TYPE = '3'
-    _TEST = {
-        'url': 'http://www.xiami.com/collect/156527391?spm=a1z1s.2943601.6856193.12.4jpBnr',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '156527391',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 29,
-        'skip': 'Georestricted',
-    }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ximalaya.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ximalaya.py
index b25be772e9..ff18ba6975 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ximalaya.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ximalaya.py
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class XimalayaIE(XimalayaBaseIE):
                         'height': 180
                     }
                 ],
-                'categories': ['人文'],
+                'categories': ['其他'],
                 'duration': 93,
                 'view_count': int,
                 'like_count': int,
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class XimalayaIE(XimalayaBaseIE):
 class XimalayaAlbumIE(XimalayaBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'ximalaya:album'
     IE_DESC = '喜马拉雅FM 专辑'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.|m\.)?ximalaya\.com/\d+/album/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.|m\.)?ximalaya\.com/(?:\d+/)?album/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://www.ximalaya.com/61425525/album/5534601/',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -131,6 +131,13 @@ class XimalayaAlbumIE(XimalayaBaseIE):
             'id': '5534601',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 323,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.ximalaya.com/album/6912905',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': '埃克哈特《修炼当下的力量》',
+            'id': '6912905',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 41,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/xinpianchang.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/xinpianchang.py
index 96e23bb8d0..ddc1d0b5af 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/xinpianchang.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/xinpianchang.py
@@ -72,8 +72,6 @@ class XinpianchangIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'ext': 'mp4',
                 } for prog in v if prog.get('url') or []])
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': data.get('title'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/xnxx.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/xnxx.py
index 14beb13475..1452aaec37 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/xnxx.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/xnxx.py
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ class XNXXIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'format_id': format_id,
                     'quality': -1 if format_id == 'low' else 0,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         thumbnail = self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage, default=None) or get(
             'ThumbUrl', fatal=False) or get('ThumbUrl169', fatal=False)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/xstream.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/xstream.py
index 42bffb071f..8dd1cd9efb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/xstream.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/xstream.py
@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ class XstreamIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': media_url,
                     'tbr': tbr,
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         link = find_xpath_attr(
             entry, xpath_with_ns('./atom:link', NS_MAP), 'rel', 'original')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/xtube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/xtube.py
index 93a6a3f335..ce4480c7d8 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/xtube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/xtube.py
@@ -129,7 +129,6 @@ class XTubeIE(InfoExtractor):
                     })
 
         self._remove_duplicate_formats(formats)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         if not title:
             title = self._search_regex(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/xuite.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/xuite.py
index 52423a3279..71ddadd428 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/xuite.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/xuite.py
@@ -116,7 +116,6 @@ class XuiteIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'format_id': format_id,
                 'height': int(format_id) if format_id.isnumeric() else None,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         timestamp = media_info.get('PUBLISH_DATETIME')
         if timestamp:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/xvideos.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/xvideos.py
index 50b9394961..5df071503a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/xvideos.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/xvideos.py
@@ -149,8 +149,6 @@ class XVideosIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'quality': -2 if format_id.endswith('low') else None,
                 })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
@@ -159,3 +157,24 @@ class XVideosIE(InfoExtractor):
             'thumbnails': thumbnails,
             'age_limit': 18,
         }
+
+
+class XVideosQuickiesIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'xvideos:quickies'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?P<domain>(?:[^/]+\.)?xvideos2?\.com)/amateur-channels/[^#]+#quickies/a/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.xvideos.com/amateur-channels/wifeluna#quickies/a/47258683',
+        'md5': '16e322a93282667f1963915568f782c1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '47258683',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Verification video',
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'duration': 16,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https://cdn.*-pic.xvideos-cdn.com/.+\.jpg',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        domain, id_ = self._match_valid_url(url).group('domain', 'id')
+        return self.url_result(f'https://{domain}/video{id_}/_', XVideosIE, id_)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/yahoo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/yahoo.py
index 01a859556a..a69715b7c1 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/yahoo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/yahoo.py
@@ -241,8 +241,6 @@ class YahooIE(InfoExtractor):
         if not formats and msg == 'geo restricted':
             self.raise_geo_restricted(metadata_available=True)
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         thumbnails = []
         for thumb in video.get('thumbnails', []):
             thumb_url = thumb.get('url')
@@ -498,7 +496,6 @@ class YahooJapanNewsIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'tbr': int_or_none(vid.get('bitrate')),
                 })
         self._remove_duplicate_formats(formats)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return formats
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexdisk.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexdisk.py
index d87a7f9be9..d5eecbd9c0 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexdisk.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexdisk.py
@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ class YandexDiskIE(InfoExtractor):
                     'url': format_url,
                     'width': int_or_none(size.get('width')),
                 })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         uid = resource.get('uid')
         display_name = try_get(store, lambda x: x['users'][uid]['displayName'])
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexvideo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexvideo.py
index 37ff514b3a..727250ee87 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexvideo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/yandexvideo.py
@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 import itertools
-import re
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
     determine_ext,
     extract_attributes,
     int_or_none,
+    lowercase_escape,
+    parse_qs,
+    traverse_obj,
     try_get,
     url_or_none,
-    lowercase_escape,
 )
 
 
@@ -23,7 +24,6 @@ class YandexVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
                     '''
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://yandex.ru/portal/video?stream_id=4dbb36ec4e0526d58f9f2dc8f0ecf374',
-        'md5': 'e02a05bfaf0d9615ef07ae3a10f4faf4',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '4dbb36ec4e0526d58f9f2dc8f0ecf374',
             'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ class YandexVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
             'like_count': int,
             'dislike_count': int,
         },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }, {
         'url': 'https://yandex.ru/portal/efir?stream_id=4dbb262b4fe5cf15a215de4f34eee34d&from=morda',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -120,8 +121,6 @@ class YandexVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
             else:
                 formats.append({'url': content_url})
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         timestamp = (int_or_none(content.get('release_date'))
                      or int_or_none(content.get('release_date_ut'))
                      or int_or_none(content.get('start_time')))
@@ -147,7 +146,7 @@ class YandexVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 
 class YandexVideoPreviewIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?yandex\.ru/video/preview(?:/?\?.*?filmId=|/)(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?yandex\.\w{2,3}(?:\.(?:am|ge|il|tr))?/video/preview(?:/?\?.*?filmId=|/)(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{  # Odnoklassniki
         'url': 'https://yandex.ru/video/preview/?filmId=10682852472978372885&text=summer',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -174,6 +173,9 @@ class YandexVideoPreviewIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {  # Odnoklassniki
         'url': 'https://yandex.ru/video/preview/?text=Francis%20Lai%20-%20Le%20Bon%20Et%20Les%20MC)chants&path=wizard&parent-reqid=1643208087979310-1481782809207673478-sas3-0931-2f9-sas-l7-balancer-8080-BAL-9380&wiz_type=vital&filmId=12508152936505397283',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {  # Odnoklassniki
+        'url': 'https://yandex.com/video/preview/?text=dossier%2051%20film%201978&path=yandex_search&parent-reqid=1664361087754492-8727541069609384458-sas2-0340-sas-l7-balancer-8080-BAL-8045&noreask=1&from_type=vast&filmId=5794987234584444632',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -185,34 +187,35 @@ class YandexVideoPreviewIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 
 class ZenYandexIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://zen\.yandex\.ru(?:/video)?/(media|watch)/(?:(?:id/[^/]+/|[^/]+/)(?:[a-z0-9-]+)-)?(?P<id>[a-z0-9-]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(zen\.yandex|dzen)\.ru(?:/video)?/(media|watch)/(?:(?:id/[^/]+/|[^/]+/)(?:[a-z0-9-]+)-)?(?P<id>[a-z0-9-]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://zen.yandex.ru/media/popmech/izverjenie-vulkana-iz-spichek-zreliscnyi-opyt-6002240ff8b1af50bb2da5e3',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '6002240ff8b1af50bb2da5e3',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Извержение вулкана из спичек: зрелищный опыт',
-            'description': 'md5:053ad3c61b5596d510c9a199dc8ee633',
-            'thumbnail': 're:^https://avatars.mds.yandex.net/',
-            'uploader': 'Популярная механика',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
-        },
-    }, {
         'url': 'https://zen.yandex.ru/media/id/606fd806cc13cb3c58c05cf5/vot-eto-focus-dedy-morozy-na-gidrociklah-60c7c443da18892ebfe85ed7',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '60c7c443da18892ebfe85ed7',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'ВОТ ЭТО Focus. Деды Морозы на гидроциклах',
             'description': 'md5:f3db3d995763b9bbb7b56d4ccdedea89',
-            'thumbnail': 're:^https://avatars.mds.yandex.net/',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https://avatars.dzeninfra.ru/',
             'uploader': 'AcademeG DailyStream'
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': 'm3u8',
             'format': 'bestvideo',
         },
+        'skip': 'The page does not exist',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://dzen.ru/media/id/606fd806cc13cb3c58c05cf5/vot-eto-focus-dedy-morozy-na-gidrociklah-60c7c443da18892ebfe85ed7',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '60c7c443da18892ebfe85ed7',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'ВОТ ЭТО Focus. Деды Морозы на гидроциклах',
+            'description': 'md5:f3db3d995763b9bbb7b56d4ccdedea89',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https://avatars\.dzeninfra\.ru/',
+            'uploader': 'AcademeG DailyStream',
+            'upload_date': '20191111',
+            'timestamp': 1573465585,
+        },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }, {
         'url': 'https://zen.yandex.ru/video/watch/6002240ff8b1af50bb2da5e3',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -220,21 +223,42 @@ class ZenYandexIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Извержение вулкана из спичек: зрелищный опыт',
             'description': 'md5:053ad3c61b5596d510c9a199dc8ee633',
-            'uploader': 'Популярная механика',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https://avatars\.dzeninfra\.ru/',
+            'uploader': 'TechInsider',
+            'timestamp': 1611378221,
+            'upload_date': '20210123',
         },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://dzen.ru/video/watch/6002240ff8b1af50bb2da5e3',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6002240ff8b1af50bb2da5e3',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Извержение вулкана из спичек: зрелищный опыт',
+            'description': 'md5:053ad3c61b5596d510c9a199dc8ee633',
+            'thumbnail': 're:^https://avatars.dzeninfra.ru/',
+            'uploader': 'TechInsider',
+            'upload_date': '20210123',
+            'timestamp': 1611378221,
         },
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }, {
         'url': 'https://zen.yandex.ru/media/id/606fd806cc13cb3c58c05cf5/novyi-samsung-fold-3-moskvich-barahlit-612f93b7f8d48e7e945792a2?from=channel&rid=2286618386.482.1630817595976.42360',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://dzen.ru/media/id/606fd806cc13cb3c58c05cf5/novyi-samsung-fold-3-moskvich-barahlit-612f93b7f8d48e7e945792a2?from=channel&rid=2286618386.482.1630817595976.42360',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        id = self._match_id(url)
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, id)
-        data_json = self._parse_json(
-            self._search_regex(r'data\s*=\s*({["\']_*serverState_*video.+?});', webpage, 'metadata'), id)
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        redirect = self._search_json(r'var it\s*=', webpage, 'redirect', id, default={}).get('retpath')
+        if redirect:
+            video_id = self._match_id(redirect)
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(redirect, video_id, note='Redirecting')
+        data_json = self._search_json(
+            r'data\s*=', webpage, 'metadata', video_id, contains_pattern=r'{["\']_*serverState_*video.+}')
         serverstate = self._search_regex(r'(_+serverState_+video-site_[^_]+_+)',
                                          webpage, 'server state').replace('State', 'Settings')
         uploader = self._search_regex(r'(<a\s*class=["\']card-channel-link[^"\']+["\'][^>]+>)',
@@ -246,16 +270,16 @@ class ZenYandexIE(InfoExtractor):
         for s_url in stream_urls:
             ext = determine_ext(s_url)
             if ext == 'mpd':
-                formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(s_url, id, mpd_id='dash'))
+                formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(s_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash'))
             elif ext == 'm3u8':
-                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(s_url, id, 'mp4'))
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(s_url, video_id, 'mp4'))
         return {
-            'id': id,
+            'id': video_id,
             'title': video_json.get('title') or self._og_search_title(webpage),
             'formats': formats,
             'duration': int_or_none(video_json.get('duration')),
             'view_count': int_or_none(video_json.get('views')),
+            'timestamp': int_or_none(video_json.get('publicationDate')),
             'uploader': uploader_name or data_json.get('authorName') or try_get(data_json, lambda x: x['publisher']['name']),
             'description': self._og_search_description(webpage) or try_get(data_json, lambda x: x['og']['description']),
             'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage) or try_get(data_json, lambda x: x['og']['imageUrl']),
@@ -263,40 +287,99 @@ class ZenYandexIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 
 class ZenYandexChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://zen\.yandex\.ru/(?!media|video)(?:id/)?(?P<id>[a-z0-9-_]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(zen\.yandex|dzen)\.ru/(?!media|video)(?:id/)?(?P<id>[a-z0-9-_]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://zen.yandex.ru/tok_media',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'tok_media',
+            'title': 'СПЕКТР',
+            'description': 'md5:a9e5b3c247b7fe29fd21371a428bcf56',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 169,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://dzen.ru/tok_media',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'tok_media',
+            'title': 'СПЕКТР',
+            'description': 'md5:a9e5b3c247b7fe29fd21371a428bcf56',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 169,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://zen.yandex.ru/id/606fd806cc13cb3c58c05cf5',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '606fd806cc13cb3c58c05cf5',
+            'description': 'md5:517b7c97d8ca92e940f5af65448fd928',
+            'title': 'AcademeG DailyStream',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 657,
+    }, {
+        # Test that the playlist extractor finishes extracting when the
+        # channel has less than one page
+        'url': 'https://zen.yandex.ru/jony_me',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'jony_me',
+            'description': 'md5:a2c62b4ef5cf3e3efb13d25f61f739e1',
+            'title': 'JONY ',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 20,
+    }, {
+        # Test that the playlist extractor finishes extracting when the
+        # channel has more than one page of entries
+        'url': 'https://zen.yandex.ru/tatyanareva',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'tatyanareva',
+            'description': 'md5:296b588d60841c3756c9105f237b70c6',
+            'title': 'Татьяна Рева',
+            'entries': 'maxcount:200',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 46,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://dzen.ru/id/606fd806cc13cb3c58c05cf5',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '606fd806cc13cb3c58c05cf5',
+            'title': 'AcademeG DailyStream',
+            'description': 'md5:517b7c97d8ca92e940f5af65448fd928',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 657,
     }]
 
-    def _entries(self, id, url):
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, id)
-        data_json = self._parse_json(re.findall(r'var\s?data\s?=\s?({.+?})\s?;', webpage)[-1], id)
-        for key in data_json.keys():
-            if key.startswith('__serverState__'):
-                data_json = data_json[key]
-        items = list(try_get(data_json, lambda x: x['feed']['items'], dict).values())
-        more = try_get(data_json, lambda x: x['links']['more']) or None
+    def _entries(self, item_id, server_state_json, server_settings_json):
+        items = (traverse_obj(server_state_json, ('feed', 'items', ...))
+                 or traverse_obj(server_settings_json, ('exportData', 'items', ...)))
+
+        more = (traverse_obj(server_state_json, ('links', 'more'))
+                or traverse_obj(server_settings_json, ('exportData', 'more', 'link')))
+
+        next_page_id = None
         for page in itertools.count(1):
-            for item in items:
-                video_id = item.get('publication_id') or item.get('publicationId')
-                video_url = item.get('link')
-                yield self.url_result(video_url, ie=ZenYandexIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id.split(':')[-1])
-            if not more:
+            for item in items or []:
+                if item.get('type') != 'gif':
+                    continue
+                video_id = traverse_obj(item, 'publication_id', 'publicationId') or ''
+                yield self.url_result(item['link'], ZenYandexIE, video_id.split(':')[-1])
+
+            current_page_id = next_page_id
+            next_page_id = traverse_obj(parse_qs(more), ('next_page_id', -1))
+            if not all((more, items, next_page_id, next_page_id != current_page_id)):
                 break
-            data_json = self._download_json(more, id, note='Downloading Page %d' % page)
-            items = data_json.get('items', [])
-            more = try_get(data_json, lambda x: x['more']['link']) or None
+
+            data = self._download_json(more, item_id, note=f'Downloading Page {page}')
+            items, more = data.get('items'), traverse_obj(data, ('more', 'link'))
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        id = self._match_id(url)
-        return self.playlist_result(self._entries(id, url), playlist_id=id)
+        item_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, item_id)
+        redirect = self._search_json(
+            r'var it\s*=', webpage, 'redirect', item_id, default={}).get('retpath')
+        if redirect:
+            item_id = self._match_id(redirect)
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(redirect, item_id, note='Redirecting')
+        data = self._search_json(
+            r'var\s+data\s*=', webpage, 'channel data', item_id, contains_pattern=r'{\"__serverState__.+}')
+        server_state_json = traverse_obj(data, lambda k, _: k.startswith('__serverState__'), get_all=False)
+        server_settings_json = traverse_obj(data, lambda k, _: k.startswith('__serverSettings__'), get_all=False)
+
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            self._entries(item_id, server_state_json, server_settings_json),
+            item_id, traverse_obj(server_state_json, ('channel', 'source', 'title')),
+            traverse_obj(server_state_json, ('channel', 'source', 'description')))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/yapfiles.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/yapfiles.py
index 221df842cb..19812bae00 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/yapfiles.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/yapfiles.py
@@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ class YapFilesIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'quality': quality_key(format_id),
                 'height': hd_height if is_hd else None,
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/yappy.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/yappy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f168bdbf9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/yappy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    int_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unified_timestamp,
+    url_or_none
+)
+
+
+class YappyIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://yappy\.media/video/(?P<id>\w+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://yappy.media/video/47fea6d8586f48d1a0cf96a7342aabd2',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '47fea6d8586f48d1a0cf96a7342aabd2',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Куда нажимать? Как снимать? Смотри видос и погнали!🤘🏻',
+            'timestamp': 1661893200,
+            'description': 'Куда нажимать? Как снимать? Смотри видос и погнали!🤘🏻',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn-st.ritm.media/static/pic/thumbnails/0c7c4d73388f47848acaf540d2e2bb8c-thumbnail.jpg',
+            'upload_date': '20220830',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'uploader_id': '59a0c8c485e5410b9c43474bf4c6a373',
+            'categories': ['Образование и наука', 'Лайфхак', 'Технологии', 'Арт/искусство'],
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'uploader': 'YAPPY',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://yappy.media/video/3862451954ad4bd58ae2ccefddb0bd33',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3862451954ad4bd58ae2ccefddb0bd33',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Опиши свой характер 3 словами🙃\n#психология #дружба #отношения',
+            'timestamp': 1674726985,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'description': 'Опиши свой характер 3 словами🙃\n#психология #дружба #отношения',
+            'uploader_id': '6793ee3581974a3586fc01e157de6c99',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'repost_count': int,
+            'uploader': 'LENA SHTURMAN',
+            'upload_date': '20230126',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn-st.ritm.media/static/pic/user_thumbnails/6e76bb4bbad640b6/9ec84c115b2b1967/1674716171.jpg',
+        }
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        json_ld = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id)
+        nextjs_data = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, video_id)
+
+        media_data = (
+            traverse_obj(
+                nextjs_data, ('props', 'pageProps', ('data', 'OpenGraphParameters')), get_all=False)
+            or self._download_json(f'https://yappy.media/api/video/{video_id}', video_id))
+
+        media_url = traverse_obj(media_data, ('link', {url_or_none})) or ''
+        has_watermark = media_url.endswith('-wm.mp4')
+
+        formats = [{
+            'url': media_url,
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'format_note': 'Watermarked' if has_watermark else None,
+            'preference': -10 if has_watermark else None
+        }] if media_url else []
+
+        if has_watermark:
+            formats.append({
+                'url': media_url.replace('-wm.mp4', '.mp4'),
+                'ext': 'mp4'
+            })
+
+        audio_link = traverse_obj(media_data, ('audio', 'link'))
+        if audio_link:
+            formats.append({
+                'url': audio_link,
+                'ext': 'mp3',
+                'acodec': 'mp3',
+                'vcodec': 'none'
+            })
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': (json_ld.get('description') or self._html_search_meta(['og:title'], webpage)
+                      or self._html_extract_title(webpage)),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'thumbnail': (media_data.get('thumbnail')
+                          or self._html_search_meta(['og:image', 'og:image:secure_url'], webpage)),
+            'description': (media_data.get('description') or json_ld.get('description')
+                            or self._html_search_meta(['description', 'og:description'], webpage)),
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(media_data.get('publishedAt') or json_ld.get('timestamp')),
+            'view_count': int_or_none(media_data.get('viewsCount') or json_ld.get('view_count')),
+            'like_count': int_or_none(media_data.get('likesCount')),
+            'uploader': traverse_obj(media_data, ('creator', 'firstName')),
+            'uploader_id': traverse_obj(media_data, ('creator', ('uuid', 'nickname')), get_all=False),
+            'categories': traverse_obj(media_data, ('categories', ..., 'name')) or None,
+            'repost_count': int_or_none(media_data.get('sharingCount'))
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/yinyuetai.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/yinyuetai.py
index b28c393808..b2e3172f93 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/yinyuetai.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/yinyuetai.py
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ class YinYueTaiIE(InfoExtractor):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'tbr': format_info.get('bitrate'),
         } for format_info in info['videoUrlModels']]
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/yle_areena.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/yle_areena.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c5b45f0cb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/yle_areena.py
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from .kaltura import KalturaIE
+from ..utils import (
+    int_or_none,
+    smuggle_url,
+    traverse_obj,
+    unified_strdate,
+    url_or_none,
+)
+
+
+class YleAreenaIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://areena\.yle\.fi/(?P<id>[\d-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [
+        {
+            'url': 'https://areena.yle.fi/1-4371942',
+            'md5': '932edda0ecf5dfd6423804182d32f8ac',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '0_a3tjk92c',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Pouchit',
+                'description': 'md5:d487309c3abbe5650265bbd1742d2f82',
+                'series': 'Modernit miehet',
+                'season': 'Season 1',
+                'season_number': 1,
+                'episode': 'Episode 2',
+                'episode_number': 2,
+                'thumbnail': 'http://cfvod.kaltura.com/p/1955031/sp/195503100/thumbnail/entry_id/0_a3tjk92c/version/100061',
+                'uploader_id': 'ovp@yle.fi',
+                'duration': 1435,
+                'view_count': int,
+                'upload_date': '20181204',
+                'release_date': '20190106',
+                'timestamp': 1543916210,
+                'subtitles': {'fin': [{'url': r're:^https?://', 'ext': 'srt'}]},
+                'age_limit': 7,
+                'webpage_url': 'https://areena.yle.fi/1-4371942'
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://areena.yle.fi/1-2158940',
+            'md5': 'cecb603661004e36af8c5188b5212b12',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '1_l38iz9ur',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Albi haluaa vessan',
+                'description': 'md5:15236d810c837bed861fae0e88663c33',
+                'series': 'Albi Lumiukko',
+                'season': None,
+                'season_number': None,
+                'episode': None,
+                'episode_number': None,
+                'thumbnail': 'http://cfvod.kaltura.com/p/1955031/sp/195503100/thumbnail/entry_id/1_l38iz9ur/version/100021',
+                'uploader_id': 'ovp@yle.fi',
+                'duration': 319,
+                'view_count': int,
+                'upload_date': '20211202',
+                'release_date': '20211215',
+                'timestamp': 1638448202,
+                'subtitles': {},
+                'age_limit': 0,
+                'webpage_url': 'https://areena.yle.fi/1-2158940'
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://areena.yle.fi/1-64829589',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '1-64829589',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'HKO & Mälkki & Tanner',
+                'description': 'md5:b4f1b1af2c6569b33f75179a86eea156',
+                'series': 'Helsingin kaupunginorkesterin konsertteja',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg$',
+                'release_date': '20230120',
+            },
+            'params': {
+                'skip_download': 'm3u8',
+            },
+        },
+    ]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        info = self._search_json_ld(self._download_webpage(url, video_id), video_id, default={})
+        video_data = self._download_json(
+            f'https://player.api.yle.fi/v1/preview/{video_id}.json?app_id=player_static_prod&app_key=8930d72170e48303cf5f3867780d549b',
+            video_id, headers={
+                'origin': 'https://areena.yle.fi',
+                'referer': 'https://areena.yle.fi/',
+                'content-type': 'application/json'
+            })
+
+        # Example title: 'K1, J2: Pouchit | Modernit miehet'
+        series, season_number, episode_number, episode = self._search_regex(
+            r'K(?P<season_no>[\d]+),\s*J(?P<episode_no>[\d]+):?\s*\b(?P<episode>[^|]+)\s*|\s*(?P<series>.+)',
+            info.get('title') or '', 'episode metadata', group=('season_no', 'episode_no', 'episode', 'series'),
+            default=(None, None, None, None))
+        description = traverse_obj(video_data, ('data', 'ongoing_ondemand', 'description', 'fin'), expected_type=str)
+
+        subtitles = {}
+        for sub in traverse_obj(video_data, ('data', 'ongoing_ondemand', 'subtitles', ...)):
+            if url_or_none(sub.get('uri')):
+                subtitles.setdefault(sub.get('language') or 'und', []).append({
+                    'url': sub['uri'],
+                    'ext': 'srt',
+                    'name': sub.get('kind'),
+                })
+
+        kaltura_id = traverse_obj(video_data, ('data', 'ongoing_ondemand', 'kaltura', 'id'), expected_type=str)
+        if kaltura_id:
+            info_dict = {
+                '_type': 'url_transparent',
+                'url': smuggle_url(f'kaltura:1955031:{kaltura_id}', {'source_url': url}),
+                'ie_key': KalturaIE.ie_key(),
+            }
+        else:
+            info_dict = {
+                'id': video_id,
+                'formats': self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                    video_data['data']['ongoing_ondemand']['manifest_url'], video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls'),
+            }
+
+        return {
+            **info_dict,
+            'title': (traverse_obj(video_data, ('data', 'ongoing_ondemand', 'title', 'fin'), expected_type=str)
+                      or episode or info.get('title')),
+            'description': description,
+            'series': (traverse_obj(video_data, ('data', 'ongoing_ondemand', 'series', 'title', 'fin'), expected_type=str)
+                       or series),
+            'season_number': (int_or_none(self._search_regex(r'Kausi (\d+)', description, 'season number', default=None))
+                              or int_or_none(season_number)),
+            'episode_number': (traverse_obj(video_data, ('data', 'ongoing_ondemand', 'episode_number'), expected_type=int_or_none)
+                               or int_or_none(episode_number)),
+            'thumbnails': traverse_obj(info, ('thumbnails', ..., {'url': 'url'})),
+            'age_limit': traverse_obj(video_data, ('data', 'ongoing_ondemand', 'content_rating', 'age_restriction'), expected_type=int_or_none),
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+            'release_date': unified_strdate(traverse_obj(video_data, ('data', 'ongoing_ondemand', 'start_time'), expected_type=str)),
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/ynet.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/ynet.py
index 27eda97219..a7d7371f3b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ynet.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ynet.py
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ class YnetIE(InfoExtractor):
         if m:
             title = m.group('title')
         formats = self._extract_f4m_formats(f4m_url, video_id)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/youku.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/youku.py
index 45856fbbea..404f196f46 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/youku.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/youku.py
@@ -96,31 +96,41 @@ class YoukuIE(InfoExtractor):
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*',
             'uploader': '明月庄主moon',
             'uploader_id': '38465621',
-            'uploader_url': 'http://i.youku.com/u/UMTUzODYyNDg0',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youku.com/profile/index/?uid=UMTUzODYyNDg0',
             'tags': list,
         },
     }, {
-        'url': 'http://video.tudou.com/v/XMjIyNzAzMTQ4NA==.html?f=46177805',
+        'url': 'https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTA2NTA0MjA1Mg==.html',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'XMjIyNzAzMTQ4NA',
+            'id': 'XNTA2NTA0MjA1Mg',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': '卡马乔国足开大脚长传冲吊集锦',
-            'duration': 289,
+            'title': 'Minecraft我的世界：建造超大巨型航空飞机，菜鸟vs高手vs黑客',
+            'duration': 542.13,
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*',
-            'uploader': '阿卜杜拉之星',
-            'uploader_id': '2382249',
-            'uploader_url': 'http://i.youku.com/u/UOTUyODk5Ng==',
+            'uploader': '波哥游戏解说',
+            'uploader_id': '156688084',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youku.com/profile/index/?uid=UNjI2NzUyMzM2',
             'tags': list,
         },
     }, {
-        'url': 'http://video.tudou.com/v/XMjE4ODI3OTg2MA==.html',
-        'only_matching': True,
+        'url': 'https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTE1MzczOTg4MA==.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'XNTE1MzczOTg4MA',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '国产超A特工片',
+            'duration': 362.97,
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*',
+            'uploader': '陈晓娟说历史',
+            'uploader_id': '1640913339',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youku.com/profile/index/?uid=UNjU2MzY1MzM1Ng==',
+            'tags': list,
+        },
     }]
 
     @staticmethod
     def get_ysuid():
-        return '%d%s' % (int(time.time()), ''.join([
-            random.choice(string.ascii_letters) for i in range(3)]))
+        return '%d%s' % (int(time.time()), ''.join(
+            random.choices(string.ascii_letters, k=3)))
 
     def get_format_name(self, fm):
         _dict = {
@@ -151,7 +161,7 @@ class YoukuIE(InfoExtractor):
         # request basic data
         basic_data_params = {
             'vid': video_id,
-            'ccode': '0532',
+            'ccode': '0524',
             'client_ip': '192.168.1.1',
             'utid': cna,
             'client_ts': time.time() / 1000,
@@ -198,7 +208,6 @@ class YoukuIE(InfoExtractor):
             'width': stream.get('width'),
             'height': stream.get('height'),
         } for stream in data['stream'] if stream.get('channel_type') != 'tail']
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/youporn.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/youporn.py
index 7fdb865f78..8f1b9911b3 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/youporn.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/youporn.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
     extract_attributes,
     int_or_none,
+    merge_dicts,
     str_to_int,
     unified_strdate,
     url_or_none,
@@ -64,6 +65,24 @@ class YouPornIE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.youporn.com/watch/13922959/femdom-principal/',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youporn.com/watch/16290308/tinderspecial-trailer1/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '16290308',
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'categories': [],
+            'description': 'md5:00ea70f642f431c379763c17c2f396bc',
+            'display_id': 'tinderspecial-trailer1',
+            'duration': 298.0,
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'upload_date': '20201123',
+            'uploader': 'Ersties',
+            'tags': [],
+            'thumbnail': 'https://fi1.ypncdn.com/202011/23/16290308/original/8/tinderspecial-trailer1-8(m=eaAaaEPbaaaa).jpg',
+            'timestamp': 1606089600,
+            'title': 'Tinder In Real Life',
+            'view_count': int,
+        }
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -103,7 +122,6 @@ class YouPornIE(InfoExtractor):
                 })
             f['height'] = height
             formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
             'http://www.youporn.com/watch/%s' % video_id, display_id,
@@ -160,7 +178,8 @@ class YouPornIE(InfoExtractor):
             r'(?s)Tags:.*?</div>\s*<div[^>]+class=["\']tagBoxContent["\'][^>]*>(.+?)</div>',
             'tags')
 
-        return {
+        data = self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, expected_type='VideoObject', fatal=False)
+        return merge_dicts(data, {
             'id': video_id,
             'display_id': display_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -175,4 +194,4 @@ class YouPornIE(InfoExtractor):
             'tags': tags,
             'age_limit': age_limit,
             'formats': formats,
-        }
+        })
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py
index ac1a5f2109..acd4077f4e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import base64
 import calendar
+import collections
 import copy
 import datetime
 import enum
@@ -24,12 +25,14 @@ from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
 from ..utils import (
     NO_DEFAULT,
     ExtractorError,
+    LazyList,
     UserNotLive,
     bug_reports_message,
     classproperty,
     clean_html,
     datetime_from_str,
     dict_get,
+    filter_dict,
     float_or_none,
     format_field,
     get_first,
@@ -289,10 +292,10 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
 
     _RESERVED_NAMES = (
-        r'channel|c|user|playlist|watch|w|v|embed|e|watch_popup|clip|'
+        r'channel|c|user|playlist|watch|w|v|embed|e|live|watch_popup|clip|'
         r'shorts|movies|results|search|shared|hashtag|trending|explore|feed|feeds|'
-        r'browse|oembed|get_video_info|iframe_api|s/player|'
-        r'storefront|oops|index|account|reporthistory|t/terms|about|upload|signin|logout')
+        r'browse|oembed|get_video_info|iframe_api|s/player|source|'
+        r'storefront|oops|index|account|t/terms|about|upload|signin|logout')
 
     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}|RDMM|WL|LL|LM)'
 
@@ -309,6 +312,40 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.pussthecat\.org',
         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.zee\.li',
         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.ethibox\.fr',
+        r'(?:www\.)?iv\.ggtyler\.dev',
+        r'(?:www\.)?inv\.vern\.i2p',
+        r'(?:www\.)?am74vkcrjp2d5v36lcdqgsj2m6x36tbrkhsruoegwfcizzabnfgf5zyd\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?inv\.riverside\.rocks',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.silur\.me',
+        r'(?:www\.)?inv\.bp\.projectsegfau\.lt',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.g4c3eya4clenolymqbpgwz3q3tawoxw56yhzk4vugqrl6dtu3ejvhjid\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.slipfox\.xyz',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.esmail5pdn24shtvieloeedh7ehz3nrwcdivnfhfcedl7gf4kwddhkqd\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?inv\.vernccvbvyi5qhfzyqengccj7lkove6bjot2xhh5kajhwvidqafczrad\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.tiekoetter\.com',
+        r'(?:www\.)?iv\.odysfvr23q5wgt7i456o5t3trw2cw5dgn56vbjfbq2m7xsc5vqbqpcyd\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.nerdvpn\.de',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.weblibre\.org',
+        r'(?:www\.)?inv\.odyssey346\.dev',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.dhusch\.de',
+        r'(?:www\.)?iv\.melmac\.space',
+        r'(?:www\.)?watch\.thekitty\.zone',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.privacydev\.net',
+        r'(?:www\.)?ng27owmagn5amdm7l5s3rsqxwscl5ynppnis5dqcasogkyxcfqn7psid\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.drivet\.xyz',
+        r'(?:www\.)?vid\.priv\.au',
+        r'(?:www\.)?euxxcnhsynwmfidvhjf6uzptsmh4dipkmgdmcmxxuo7tunp3ad2jrwyd\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?inv\.vern\.cc',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.esmailelbob\.xyz',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.sethforprivacy\.com',
+        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.oelrichsgarcia\.de',
+        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.artemislena\.eu',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.flokinet\.to',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.baczek\.me',
+        r'(?:www\.)?y\.com\.sb',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.epicsite\.xyz',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.lidarshield\.cloud',
+        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.funami\.tech',
         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.3o7z6yfxhbw7n3za4rss6l434kmv55cgw2vuziwuigpwegswvwzqipyd\.onion',
         r'(?:www\.)?osbivz6guyeahrwp2lnwyjk2xos342h4ocsxyqrlaopqjuhwn2djiiyd\.onion',
         r'(?:www\.)?u2cvlit75owumwpy4dj2hsmvkq7nvrclkpht7xgyye2pyoxhpmclkrad\.onion',
@@ -367,14 +404,37 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         r'(?:www\.)?hpniueoejy4opn7bc4ftgazyqjoeqwlvh2uiku2xqku6zpoa4bf5ruid\.onion',
         # piped instances from https://github.com/TeamPiped/Piped/wiki/Instances
         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.kavin\.rocks',
-        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.silkky\.cloud',
         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.tokhmi\.xyz',
-        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.moomoo\.me',
-        r'(?:www\.)?il\.ax',
-        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.syncpundit\.com',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.syncpundit\.io',
         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.mha\.fi',
+        r'(?:www\.)?watch\.whatever\.social',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.garudalinux\.org',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.rivo\.lol',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped-libre\.kavin\.rocks',
+        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.jae\.fi',
         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.mint\.lgbt',
-        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.privacy\.com\.de',
+        r'(?:www\.)?il\.ax',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.esmailelbob\.xyz',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.projectsegfau\.lt',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.privacydev\.net',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.palveluntarjoaja\.eu',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.smnz\.de',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.adminforge\.de',
+        r'(?:www\.)?watch\.whatevertinfoil\.de',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.qdi\.fi',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.video',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.aeong\.one',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.moomoo\.me',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.chauvet\.pro',
+        r'(?:www\.)?watch\.leptons\.xyz',
+        r'(?:www\.)?pd\.vern\.cc',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.hostux\.net',
+        r'(?:www\.)?piped\.lunar\.icu',
+        # Hyperpipe instances from https://hyperpipe.codeberg.page/
+        r'(?:www\.)?hyperpipe\.surge\.sh',
+        r'(?:www\.)?hyperpipe\.esmailelbob\.xyz',
+        r'(?:www\.)?listen\.whatever\.social',
+        r'(?:www\.)?music\.adminforge\.de',
     )
 
     # extracted from account/account_menu ep
@@ -389,6 +449,8 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         'si', 'th', 'lo', 'my', 'ka', 'am', 'km', 'zh-CN', 'zh-TW', 'zh-HK', 'ja', 'ko'
     ]
 
+    _IGNORED_WARNINGS = {'Unavailable videos will be hidden during playback'}
+
     @functools.cached_property
     def _preferred_lang(self):
         """
@@ -617,7 +679,7 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         if auth is not None:
             headers['Authorization'] = auth
             headers['X-Origin'] = origin
-        return {h: v for h, v in headers.items() if v is not None}
+        return filter_dict(headers)
 
     def _download_ytcfg(self, client, video_id):
         url = {
@@ -672,20 +734,10 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         if next_continuation:
             return next_continuation
 
-        contents = []
-        for key in ('contents', 'items'):
-            contents.extend(try_get(renderer, lambda x: x[key], list) or [])
-
-        for content in contents:
-            if not isinstance(content, dict):
-                continue
-            continuation_ep = try_get(
-                content, (lambda x: x['continuationItemRenderer']['continuationEndpoint'],
-                          lambda x: x['continuationItemRenderer']['button']['buttonRenderer']['command']),
-                dict)
-            continuation = cls._extract_continuation_ep_data(continuation_ep)
-            if continuation:
-                return continuation
+        return traverse_obj(renderer, (
+            ('contents', 'items', 'rows'), ..., 'continuationItemRenderer',
+            ('continuationEndpoint', ('button', 'buttonRenderer', 'command'))
+        ), get_all=False, expected_type=cls._extract_continuation_ep_data)
 
     @classmethod
     def _extract_alerts(cls, data):
@@ -701,12 +753,11 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
                     yield alert_type, message
 
     def _report_alerts(self, alerts, expected=True, fatal=True, only_once=False):
-        errors = []
-        warnings = []
+        errors, warnings = [], []
         for alert_type, alert_message in alerts:
             if alert_type.lower() == 'error' and fatal:
                 errors.append([alert_type, alert_message])
-            else:
+            elif alert_message not in self._IGNORED_WARNINGS:
                 warnings.append([alert_type, alert_message])
 
         for alert_type, alert_message in (warnings + errors[:-1]):
@@ -739,7 +790,7 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         }
 
         badges = []
-        for badge in traverse_obj(renderer, ('badges', ..., 'metadataBadgeRenderer'), default=[]):
+        for badge in traverse_obj(renderer, ('badges', ..., 'metadataBadgeRenderer')):
             badge_type = (
                 privacy_icon_map.get(traverse_obj(badge, ('icon', 'iconType'), expected_type=str))
                 or badge_style_map.get(traverse_obj(badge, 'style'))
@@ -779,7 +830,7 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
                     runs = item
 
                 runs = runs[:min(len(runs), max_runs or len(runs))]
-                text = ''.join(traverse_obj(runs, (..., 'text'), expected_type=str, default=[]))
+                text = ''.join(traverse_obj(runs, (..., 'text'), expected_type=str))
                 if text:
                     return text
 
@@ -799,7 +850,7 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         """
         thumbnails = []
         for path in path_list or [()]:
-            for thumbnail in traverse_obj(data, (*variadic(path), 'thumbnails', ...), default=[]):
+            for thumbnail in traverse_obj(data, (*variadic(path), 'thumbnails', ...)):
                 thumbnail_url = url_or_none(thumbnail.get('url'))
                 if not thumbnail_url:
                     continue
@@ -905,33 +956,40 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
 
     @staticmethod
     def is_music_url(url):
-        return re.match(r'https?://music\.youtube\.com/', url) is not None
+        return re.match(r'(https?://)?music\.youtube\.com/', url) is not None
 
     def _extract_video(self, renderer):
         video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
-        title = self._get_text(renderer, 'title')
+
+        reel_header_renderer = traverse_obj(renderer, (
+            'navigationEndpoint', 'reelWatchEndpoint', 'overlay', 'reelPlayerOverlayRenderer',
+            'reelPlayerHeaderSupportedRenderers', 'reelPlayerHeaderRenderer'))
+
+        title = self._get_text(renderer, 'title', 'headline') or self._get_text(reel_header_renderer, 'reelTitleText')
         description = self._get_text(renderer, 'descriptionSnippet')
-        duration = parse_duration(self._get_text(
-            renderer, 'lengthText', ('thumbnailOverlays', ..., 'thumbnailOverlayTimeStatusRenderer', 'text')))
+
+        duration = int_or_none(renderer.get('lengthSeconds'))
         if duration is None:
+            duration = parse_duration(self._get_text(
+                renderer, 'lengthText', ('thumbnailOverlays', ..., 'thumbnailOverlayTimeStatusRenderer', 'text')))
+        if duration is None:
+            # XXX: should write a parser to be more general to support more cases (e.g. shorts in shorts tab)
             duration = parse_duration(self._search_regex(
                 r'(?i)(ago)(?!.*\1)\s+(?P<duration>[a-z0-9 ,]+?)(?:\s+[\d,]+\s+views)?(?:\s+-\s+play\s+short)?$',
                 traverse_obj(renderer, ('title', 'accessibility', 'accessibilityData', 'label'), default='', expected_type=str),
                 video_id, default=None, group='duration'))
 
-        view_count = self._get_count(renderer, 'viewCountText')
-
-        uploader = self._get_text(renderer, 'ownerText', 'shortBylineText')
         channel_id = traverse_obj(
             renderer, ('shortBylineText', 'runs', ..., 'navigationEndpoint', 'browseEndpoint', 'browseId'),
             expected_type=str, get_all=False)
-        time_text = self._get_text(renderer, 'publishedTimeText') or ''
-        scheduled_timestamp = str_to_int(traverse_obj(renderer, ('upcomingEventData', 'startTime'), get_all=False))
+        if not channel_id:
+            channel_id = traverse_obj(reel_header_renderer, ('channelNavigationEndpoint', 'browseEndpoint', 'browseId'))
+
         overlay_style = traverse_obj(
             renderer, ('thumbnailOverlays', ..., 'thumbnailOverlayTimeStatusRenderer', 'style'),
             get_all=False, expected_type=str)
         badges = self._extract_badges(renderer)
-        thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails(renderer, 'thumbnail')
+
         navigation_url = urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', traverse_obj(
             renderer, ('navigationEndpoint', 'commandMetadata', 'webCommandMetadata', 'url'),
             expected_type=str)) or ''
@@ -939,6 +997,22 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         if overlay_style == 'SHORTS' or '/shorts/' in navigation_url:
             url = f'https://www.youtube.com/shorts/{video_id}'
 
+        time_text = (self._get_text(renderer, 'publishedTimeText', 'videoInfo')
+                     or self._get_text(reel_header_renderer, 'timestampText') or '')
+        scheduled_timestamp = str_to_int(traverse_obj(renderer, ('upcomingEventData', 'startTime'), get_all=False))
+
+        live_status = (
+            'is_upcoming' if scheduled_timestamp is not None
+            else 'was_live' if 'streamed' in time_text.lower()
+            else 'is_live' if overlay_style == 'LIVE' or self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.LIVE_NOW)
+            else None)
+
+        # videoInfo is a string like '50K views • 10 years ago'.
+        view_count_text = self._get_text(renderer, 'viewCountText', 'shortViewCountText', 'videoInfo') or ''
+        view_count = (0 if 'no views' in view_count_text.lower()
+                      else self._get_count({'simpleText': view_count_text}))
+        view_count_field = 'concurrent_view_count' if live_status in ('is_live', 'is_upcoming') else 'view_count'
+
         return {
             '_type': 'url',
             'ie_key': YoutubeIE.ie_key(),
@@ -947,17 +1021,14 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
             'title': title,
             'description': description,
             'duration': duration,
-            'view_count': view_count,
-            'uploader': uploader,
             'channel_id': channel_id,
-            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
-            'upload_date': (strftime_or_none(self._parse_time_text(time_text), '%Y%m%d')
-                            if self._configuration_arg('approximate_date', ie_key='youtubetab')
-                            else None),
-            'live_status': ('is_upcoming' if scheduled_timestamp is not None
-                            else 'was_live' if 'streamed' in time_text.lower()
-                            else 'is_live' if overlay_style == 'LIVE' or self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.LIVE_NOW)
-                            else None),
+            'channel': (self._get_text(renderer, 'ownerText', 'shortBylineText')
+                        or self._get_text(reel_header_renderer, 'channelTitleText')),
+            'channel_url': f'https://www.youtube.com/channel/{channel_id}' if channel_id else None,
+            'thumbnails': self._extract_thumbnails(renderer, 'thumbnail'),
+            'timestamp': (self._parse_time_text(time_text)
+                          if self._configuration_arg('approximate_date', ie_key=YoutubeTabIE)
+                          else None),
             'release_timestamp': scheduled_timestamp,
             'availability':
                 'public' if self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_PUBLIC)
@@ -965,7 +1036,9 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
                     is_private=self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_PRIVATE) or None,
                     needs_premium=self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_PREMIUM) or None,
                     needs_subscription=self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_SUBSCRIPTION) or None,
-                    is_unlisted=self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_UNLISTED) or None)
+                    is_unlisted=self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_UNLISTED) or None),
+            view_count_field: view_count,
+            'live_status': live_status
         }
 
 
@@ -984,7 +1057,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                             youtube\.googleapis\.com)/                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
-                             (?:(?:v|embed|e|shorts)/(?!videoseries|live_stream))  # v/ or embed/ or e/ or shorts/
+                             (?:(?:v|embed|e|shorts|live)/(?!videoseries|live_stream))  # v/ or embed/ or e/ or shorts/
                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
@@ -1009,7 +1082,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
     _EMBED_REGEX = [
         r'''(?x)
             (?:
-                <iframe[^>]+?src=|
+                <(?:[0-9A-Za-z-]+?)?iframe[^>]+?src=|
                 data-video-url=|
                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
@@ -1025,6 +1098,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             <a\s[^>]*\bhref="(?P<url>https://www\.youtube\.com/watch\?v=[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})"
             \s[^>]*\bclass="[^"]*\blazy-load-youtube''',
     ]
+    _RETURN_TYPE = 'video'  # XXX: How to handle multifeed?
 
     _PLAYER_INFO_RE = (
         r'/s/player/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,})/player',
@@ -1555,66 +1629,99 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
         },
         {
-            # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
-            'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvGDaLqkpTg',
+            # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL can be of any Camera
+            'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zaPI8MvL8pg',
             'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'jvGDaLqkpTg',
-                'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever',
-                'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
+                'id': 'zaPI8MvL8pg',
+                'title': 'Terraria 1.2 Live Stream | Let\'s Play - Part 04',
+                'description': 'md5:563ccbc698b39298481ca3c571169519',
             },
             'playlist': [{
                 'info_dict': {
-                    'id': 'jvGDaLqkpTg',
+                    'id': 'j5yGuxZ8lLU',
                     'ext': 'mp4',
-                    'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Main Camera)',
-                    'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
-                    'duration': 10643,
-                    'upload_date': '20161111',
-                    'uploader': 'Team PGP',
-                    'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
-                    'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
+                    'title': 'Terraria 1.2 Live Stream | Let\'s Play - Part 04 (Chris)',
+                    'uploader': 'WiiLikeToPlay',
+                    'description': 'md5:563ccbc698b39298481ca3c571169519',
+                    'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/WiiRikeToPray',
+                    'duration': 10120,
+                    'channel_follower_count': int,
+                    'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCN2XePorRokPB9TEgRZpddg',
+                    'availability': 'public',
+                    'playable_in_embed': True,
+                    'upload_date': '20131105',
+                    'uploader_id': 'WiiRikeToPray',
+                    'categories': ['Gaming'],
+                    'live_status': 'was_live',
+                    'tags': 'count:24',
+                    'release_timestamp': 1383701910,
+                    'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/j5yGuxZ8lLU/maxresdefault.jpg',
+                    'comment_count': int,
+                    'age_limit': 0,
+                    'like_count': int,
+                    'channel_id': 'UCN2XePorRokPB9TEgRZpddg',
+                    'channel': 'WiiLikeToPlay',
+                    'view_count': int,
+                    'release_date': '20131106',
                 },
             }, {
                 'info_dict': {
-                    'id': '3AKt1R1aDnw',
+                    'id': 'zaPI8MvL8pg',
                     'ext': 'mp4',
-                    'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 2)',
-                    'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
-                    'duration': 10991,
-                    'upload_date': '20161111',
-                    'uploader': 'Team PGP',
-                    'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
-                    'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
+                    'title': 'Terraria 1.2 Live Stream | Let\'s Play - Part 04 (Tyson)',
+                    'uploader_id': 'WiiRikeToPray',
+                    'availability': 'public',
+                    'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCN2XePorRokPB9TEgRZpddg',
+                    'channel': 'WiiLikeToPlay',
+                    'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/WiiRikeToPray',
+                    'channel_follower_count': int,
+                    'description': 'md5:563ccbc698b39298481ca3c571169519',
+                    'duration': 10108,
+                    'age_limit': 0,
+                    'like_count': int,
+                    'tags': 'count:24',
+                    'channel_id': 'UCN2XePorRokPB9TEgRZpddg',
+                    'uploader': 'WiiLikeToPlay',
+                    'release_timestamp': 1383701915,
+                    'comment_count': int,
+                    'upload_date': '20131105',
+                    'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/zaPI8MvL8pg/maxresdefault.jpg',
+                    'release_date': '20131106',
+                    'playable_in_embed': True,
+                    'live_status': 'was_live',
+                    'categories': ['Gaming'],
+                    'view_count': int,
                 },
             }, {
                 'info_dict': {
-                    'id': 'RtAMM00gpVc',
+                    'id': 'R7r3vfO7Hao',
                     'ext': 'mp4',
-                    'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 3)',
-                    'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
-                    'duration': 10995,
-                    'upload_date': '20161111',
-                    'uploader': 'Team PGP',
-                    'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
-                    'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
-                },
-            }, {
-                'info_dict': {
-                    'id': '6N2fdlP3C5U',
-                    'ext': 'mp4',
-                    'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 4)',
-                    'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
-                    'duration': 10990,
-                    'upload_date': '20161111',
-                    'uploader': 'Team PGP',
-                    'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
-                    'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
+                    'title': 'Terraria 1.2 Live Stream | Let\'s Play - Part 04 (Spencer)',
+                    'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/R7r3vfO7Hao/maxresdefault.jpg',
+                    'channel_id': 'UCN2XePorRokPB9TEgRZpddg',
+                    'like_count': int,
+                    'availability': 'public',
+                    'playable_in_embed': True,
+                    'upload_date': '20131105',
+                    'description': 'md5:563ccbc698b39298481ca3c571169519',
+                    'uploader_id': 'WiiRikeToPray',
+                    'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/WiiRikeToPray',
+                    'channel_follower_count': int,
+                    'tags': 'count:24',
+                    'release_date': '20131106',
+                    'uploader': 'WiiLikeToPlay',
+                    'comment_count': int,
+                    'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCN2XePorRokPB9TEgRZpddg',
+                    'channel': 'WiiLikeToPlay',
+                    'categories': ['Gaming'],
+                    'release_timestamp': 1383701914,
+                    'live_status': 'was_live',
+                    'age_limit': 0,
+                    'duration': 10128,
+                    'view_count': int,
                 },
             }],
-            'params': {
-                'skip_download': True,
-            },
-            'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
+            'params': {'skip_download': True},
         },
         {
             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
@@ -1727,7 +1834,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'live_status': 'not_live',
                 'playable_in_embed': True,
                 'comment_count': int,
-                'channel_follower_count': int
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
+                'chapters': list,
             },
             'params': {
                 'skip_download': True,
@@ -1760,7 +1868,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'live_status': 'not_live',
                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
                 'comment_count': int,
-                'channel_follower_count': int
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
+                'chapters': list,
             },
             'params': {
                 'skip_download': True,
@@ -2025,7 +2134,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'duration': 522,
                 'channel': 'kudvenkat',
                 'comment_count': int,
-                'channel_follower_count': int
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
+                'chapters': list,
             },
             'params': {
                 'skip_download': True,
@@ -2175,7 +2285,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'like_count': int,
                 'live_status': 'not_live',
                 'playable_in_embed': True,
-                'channel_follower_count': int
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
+                'chapters': list,
             },
             'params': {
                 'format': '17',  # 3gp format available on android
@@ -2219,7 +2330,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'duration': 248,
                 'categories': ['Education'],
                 'age_limit': 0,
-                'channel_follower_count': int
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
+                'chapters': list,
             }, 'params': {'format': 'mhtml', 'skip_download': True}
         }, {
             # Ensure video upload_date is in UTC timezone (video was uploaded 1641170939)
@@ -2335,6 +2447,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'view_count': int,
                 'playable_in_embed': True,
                 'description': 'md5:2ef1d002cad520f65825346e2084e49d',
+                'concurrent_view_count': int,
             },
             'params': {'skip_download': True}
         }, {
@@ -2448,7 +2561,95 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             'note': '6 channel audio',
             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgdo7-RRjgo',
             'only_matching': True,
-        }
+        }, {
+            'note': 'Multiple HLS formats with same itag',
+            'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kX3nB4PpJko',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'kX3nB4PpJko',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'categories': ['Entertainment'],
+                'description': 'md5:e8031ff6e426cdb6a77670c9b81f6fa6',
+                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/MrBeast6000',
+                'live_status': 'not_live',
+                'duration': 937,
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
+                'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/kX3nB4PpJko/maxresdefault.webp',
+                'title': 'Last To Take Hand Off Jet, Keeps It!',
+                'channel': 'MrBeast',
+                'playable_in_embed': True,
+                'view_count': int,
+                'upload_date': '20221112',
+                'uploader': 'MrBeast',
+                'uploader_id': 'MrBeast6000',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCX6OQ3DkcsbYNE6H8uQQuVA',
+                'age_limit': 0,
+                'availability': 'public',
+                'channel_id': 'UCX6OQ3DkcsbYNE6H8uQQuVA',
+                'like_count': int,
+                'tags': [],
+            },
+            'params': {'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'player_client': ['ios']}}, 'format': '233-1'},
+        }, {
+            'note': 'Audio formats with Dynamic Range Compression',
+            'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tq92D6wQ1mg',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'Tq92D6wQ1mg',
+                'ext': 'weba',
+                'title': '[MMD] Adios - EVERGLOW [+Motion DL]',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
+                'channel_id': 'UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
+                'description': 'md5:17eccca93a786d51bc67646756894066',
+                'upload_date': '20191228',
+                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
+                'tags': ['mmd', 'dance', 'mikumikudance', 'kpop', 'vtuber'],
+                'playable_in_embed': True,
+                'like_count': int,
+                'categories': ['Entertainment'],
+                'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Tq92D6wQ1mg/sddefault.jpg',
+                'age_limit': 18,
+                'channel': 'Projekt Melody',
+                'uploader_id': 'UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
+                'view_count': int,
+                'availability': 'needs_auth',
+                'comment_count': int,
+                'live_status': 'not_live',
+                'uploader': 'Projekt Melody',
+                'duration': 106,
+            },
+            'params': {'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'player_client': ['tv_embedded']}}, 'format': '251-drc'},
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/live/qVv6vCqciTM',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'qVv6vCqciTM',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'age_limit': 0,
+                'uploader_id': 'UCIdEIHpS0TdkqRkHL5OkLtA',
+                'comment_count': int,
+                'chapters': 'count:13',
+                'upload_date': '20221223',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/qVv6vCqciTM/maxresdefault.jpg',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIdEIHpS0TdkqRkHL5OkLtA',
+                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIdEIHpS0TdkqRkHL5OkLtA',
+                'like_count': int,
+                'release_date': '20221223',
+                'tags': ['Vtuber', '月ノ美兎', '名取さな', 'にじさんじ', 'クリスマス', '3D配信'],
+                'title': '【 #インターネット女クリスマス 】3Dで歌ってはしゃぐインターネットの女たち【月ノ美兎/名取さな】',
+                'view_count': int,
+                'playable_in_embed': True,
+                'duration': 4438,
+                'availability': 'public',
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
+                'channel_id': 'UCIdEIHpS0TdkqRkHL5OkLtA',
+                'categories': ['Entertainment'],
+                'live_status': 'was_live',
+                'release_timestamp': 1671793345,
+                'channel': 'さなちゃんねる',
+                'description': 'md5:6aebf95cc4a1d731aebc01ad6cc9806d',
+                'uploader': 'さなちゃんねる',
+            },
+        },
     ]
 
     _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [
@@ -2501,10 +2702,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         self._code_cache = {}
         self._player_cache = {}
 
-    def _prepare_live_from_start_formats(self, formats, video_id, live_start_time, url, webpage_url, smuggled_data):
+    def _prepare_live_from_start_formats(self, formats, video_id, live_start_time, url, webpage_url, smuggled_data, is_live):
         lock = threading.Lock()
-
-        is_live = True
         start_time = time.time()
         formats = [f for f in formats if f.get('is_from_start')]
 
@@ -2514,38 +2713,44 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 return
 
             _, _, prs, player_url = self._download_player_responses(url, smuggled_data, video_id, webpage_url)
-            video_details = traverse_obj(
-                prs, (..., 'videoDetails'), expected_type=dict, default=[])
+            video_details = traverse_obj(prs, (..., 'videoDetails'), expected_type=dict)
             microformats = traverse_obj(
                 prs, (..., 'microformat', 'playerMicroformatRenderer'),
-                expected_type=dict, default=[])
-            _, is_live, _, formats, _ = self._list_formats(video_id, microformats, video_details, prs, player_url)
+                expected_type=dict)
+            _, live_status, _, formats, _ = self._list_formats(video_id, microformats, video_details, prs, player_url)
+            is_live = live_status == 'is_live'
             start_time = time.time()
 
         def mpd_feed(format_id, delay):
             """
             @returns (manifest_url, manifest_stream_number, is_live) or None
             """
-            with lock:
-                refetch_manifest(format_id, delay)
+            for retry in self.RetryManager(fatal=False):
+                with lock:
+                    refetch_manifest(format_id, delay)
 
-            f = next((f for f in formats if f['format_id'] == format_id), None)
-            if not f:
-                if not is_live:
-                    self.to_screen(f'{video_id}: Video is no longer live')
-                else:
-                    self.report_warning(
-                        f'Cannot find refreshed manifest for format {format_id}{bug_reports_message()}')
-                return None
-            return f['manifest_url'], f['manifest_stream_number'], is_live
+                f = next((f for f in formats if f['format_id'] == format_id), None)
+                if not f:
+                    if not is_live:
+                        retry.error = f'{video_id}: Video is no longer live'
+                    else:
+                        retry.error = f'Cannot find refreshed manifest for format {format_id}{bug_reports_message()}'
+                    continue
+                return f['manifest_url'], f['manifest_stream_number'], is_live
+            return None
 
         for f in formats:
-            f['is_live'] = True
-            f['protocol'] = 'http_dash_segments_generator'
-            f['fragments'] = functools.partial(
-                self._live_dash_fragments, f['format_id'], live_start_time, mpd_feed)
+            f['is_live'] = is_live
+            gen = functools.partial(self._live_dash_fragments, video_id, f['format_id'],
+                                    live_start_time, mpd_feed, not is_live and f.copy())
+            if is_live:
+                f['fragments'] = gen
+                f['protocol'] = 'http_dash_segments_generator'
+            else:
+                f['fragments'] = LazyList(gen({}))
+                del f['is_from_start']
 
-    def _live_dash_fragments(self, format_id, live_start_time, mpd_feed, ctx):
+    def _live_dash_fragments(self, video_id, format_id, live_start_time, mpd_feed, manifestless_orig_fmt, ctx):
         FETCH_SPAN, MAX_DURATION = 5, 432000
 
         mpd_url, stream_number, is_live = None, None, True
@@ -2576,15 +2781,18 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                     return False, last_seq
                 elif old_mpd_url == mpd_url:
                     return True, last_seq
-            try:
-                fmts, _ = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
-                    mpd_url, None, note=False, errnote=False, fatal=False)
-            except ExtractorError:
-                fmts = None
-            if not fmts:
-                no_fragment_score += 2
-                return False, last_seq
-            fmt_info = next(x for x in fmts if x['manifest_stream_number'] == stream_number)
+            if manifestless_orig_fmt:
+                fmt_info = manifestless_orig_fmt
+            else:
+                try:
+                    fmts, _ = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
+                        mpd_url, None, note=False, errnote=False, fatal=False)
+                except ExtractorError:
+                    fmts = None
+                if not fmts:
+                    no_fragment_score += 2
+                    return False, last_seq
+                fmt_info = next(x for x in fmts if x['manifest_stream_number'] == stream_number)
             fragments = fmt_info['fragments']
             fragment_base_url = fmt_info['fragment_base_url']
             assert fragment_base_url
@@ -2592,6 +2800,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             _last_seq = int(re.search(r'(?:/|^)sq/(\d+)', fragments[-1]['path']).group(1))
             return True, _last_seq
 
+        self.write_debug(f'[{video_id}] Generating fragments for format {format_id}')
         while is_live:
             fetch_time = time.time()
             if no_fragment_score > 30:
@@ -2645,6 +2854,11 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             except ExtractorError:
                 continue
 
+            if manifestless_orig_fmt:
+                # Stop at the first iteration if running for post-live manifestless;
+                # fragment count no longer increase since it starts
+                break
+
             time.sleep(max(0, FETCH_SPAN + fetch_time - time.time()))
 
     def _extract_player_url(self, *ytcfgs, webpage=None):
@@ -2824,7 +3038,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             self.report_warning(
                 f'Native nsig extraction failed: Trying with PhantomJS\n'
                 f'         n = {s} ; player = {player_url}', video_id)
-            self.write_debug(e)
+            self.write_debug(e, only_once=True)
 
             args, func_body = func_code
             ret = jsi.execute(
@@ -2942,7 +3156,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 # these seem to mark watchtime "history" in the real world
                 # they're required, so send in a single value
                 qs.update({
-                    'st': video_length,
+                    'st': 0,
                     'et': video_length,
                 })
 
@@ -2991,11 +3205,11 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'decoratedPlayerBarRenderer', 'playerBar', 'chapteredPlayerBarRenderer', 'chapters'
             ), expected_type=list)
 
-        return self._extract_chapters(
+        return self._extract_chapters_helper(
             chapter_list,
-            chapter_time=lambda chapter: float_or_none(
+            start_function=lambda chapter: float_or_none(
                 traverse_obj(chapter, ('chapterRenderer', 'timeRangeStartMillis')), scale=1000),
-            chapter_title=lambda chapter: traverse_obj(
+            title_function=lambda chapter: traverse_obj(
                 chapter, ('chapterRenderer', 'title', 'simpleText'), expected_type=str),
             duration=duration)
 
@@ -3003,41 +3217,15 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         content_list = traverse_obj(
             data,
             ('engagementPanels', ..., 'engagementPanelSectionListRenderer', 'content', 'macroMarkersListRenderer', 'contents'),
-            expected_type=list, default=[])
+            expected_type=list)
         chapter_time = lambda chapter: parse_duration(self._get_text(chapter, 'timeDescription'))
         chapter_title = lambda chapter: self._get_text(chapter, 'title')
 
         return next(filter(None, (
-            self._extract_chapters(traverse_obj(contents, (..., 'macroMarkersListItemRenderer')),
-                                   chapter_time, chapter_title, duration)
+            self._extract_chapters_helper(traverse_obj(contents, (..., 'macroMarkersListItemRenderer')),
+                                          chapter_time, chapter_title, duration)
             for contents in content_list)), [])
 
-    def _extract_chapters_from_description(self, description, duration):
-        return self._extract_chapters(
-            re.findall(r'(?m)^((?:\d+:)?\d{1,2}:\d{2})\b\W*\s(.+?)\s*$', description or ''),
-            chapter_time=lambda x: parse_duration(x[0]), chapter_title=lambda x: x[1],
-            duration=duration, strict=False)
-
-    def _extract_chapters(self, chapter_list, chapter_time, chapter_title, duration, strict=True):
-        if not duration:
-            return
-        chapter_list = [{
-            'start_time': chapter_time(chapter),
-            'title': chapter_title(chapter),
-        } for chapter in chapter_list or []]
-        if not strict:
-            chapter_list.sort(key=lambda c: c['start_time'] or 0)
-
-        chapters = [{'start_time': 0}]
-        for idx, chapter in enumerate(chapter_list):
-            if chapter['start_time'] is None:
-                self.report_warning(f'Incomplete chapter {idx}')
-            elif chapters[-1]['start_time'] <= chapter['start_time'] <= duration:
-                chapters.append(chapter)
-            else:
-                self.report_warning(f'Invalid start time for chapter "{chapter["title"]}"')
-        return chapters[1:]
-
     def _extract_comment(self, comment_renderer, parent=None):
         comment_id = comment_renderer.get('commentId')
         if not comment_id:
@@ -3121,6 +3309,13 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 comment = self._extract_comment(comment_renderer, parent)
                 if not comment:
                     continue
+                # Sometimes YouTube may break and give us infinite looping comments.
+                # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/6290
+                if comment['id'] in tracker['seen_comment_ids']:
+                    self.report_warning('Detected YouTube comments looping. Stopping comment extraction as we probably cannot get any more.')
+                    yield
+                else:
+                    tracker['seen_comment_ids'].add(comment['id'])
 
                 tracker['running_total'] += 1
                 tracker['total_reply_comments' if parent else 'total_parent_comments'] += 1
@@ -3145,7 +3340,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 est_total=0,
                 current_page_thread=0,
                 total_parent_comments=0,
-                total_reply_comments=0)
+                total_reply_comments=0,
+                seen_comment_ids=set())
 
         # TODO: Deprecated
         # YouTube comments have a max depth of 2
@@ -3187,11 +3383,21 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 note_prefix = '%sDownloading comment%s API JSON page %d %s' % (
                     '       ' if parent else '', ' replies' if parent else '',
                     page_num, comment_prog_str)
-
-            response = self._extract_response(
-                item_id=None, query=continuation,
-                ep='next', ytcfg=ytcfg, headers=headers, note=note_prefix,
-                check_get_keys='onResponseReceivedEndpoints' if not is_forced_continuation else None)
+            try:
+                response = self._extract_response(
+                    item_id=None, query=continuation,
+                    ep='next', ytcfg=ytcfg, headers=headers, note=note_prefix,
+                    check_get_keys='onResponseReceivedEndpoints' if not is_forced_continuation else None)
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                # Ignore incomplete data error for replies if retries didn't work.
+                # This is to allow any other parent comments and comment threads to be downloaded.
+                # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4669
+                if 'incomplete data' in str(e).lower() and parent and self.get_param('ignoreerrors') is True:
+                    self.report_warning(
+                        'Received incomplete data for a comment reply thread and retrying did not help. '
+                        'Ignoring to let other comments be downloaded.')
+                else:
+                    raise
             is_forced_continuation = False
             continuation_contents = traverse_obj(
                 response, 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints', expected_type=list, default=[])
@@ -3220,6 +3426,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         message = self._get_text(root_continuation_data, ('contents', ..., 'messageRenderer', 'text'), max_runs=1)
         if message and not parent and tracker['running_total'] == 0:
             self.report_warning(f'Youtube said: {message}', video_id=video_id, only_once=True)
+            raise self.CommentsDisabled
 
     @staticmethod
     def _generate_comment_continuation(video_id):
@@ -3263,7 +3470,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         if traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', 'desktopLegacyAgeGateReason')):
             return True
 
-        reasons = traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', ('status', 'reason')), default=[])
+        reasons = traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', ('status', 'reason')))
         AGE_GATE_REASONS = (
             'confirm your age', 'age-restricted', 'inappropriate',  # reason
             'age_verification_required', 'age_check_required',  # status
@@ -3404,8 +3611,13 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             self.report_warning(last_error)
         return prs, player_url
 
-    def _extract_formats_and_subtitles(self, streaming_data, video_id, player_url, is_live, duration):
-        itags, stream_ids = {}, []
+    def _needs_live_processing(self, live_status, duration):
+        if (live_status == 'is_live' and self.get_param('live_from_start')
+                or live_status == 'post_live' and (duration or 0) > 4 * 3600):
+            return live_status
+
+    def _extract_formats_and_subtitles(self, streaming_data, video_id, player_url, live_status, duration):
+        itags, stream_ids = collections.defaultdict(set), []
         itag_qualities, res_qualities = {}, {0: None}
         q = qualities([
             # Normally tiny is the smallest video-only formats. But
@@ -3414,7 +3626,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             'audio_quality_ultralow', 'audio_quality_low', 'audio_quality_medium', 'audio_quality_high',  # Audio only formats
             'small', 'medium', 'large', 'hd720', 'hd1080', 'hd1440', 'hd2160', 'hd2880', 'highres'
         ])
-        streaming_formats = traverse_obj(streaming_data, (..., ('formats', 'adaptiveFormats'), ...), default=[])
+        streaming_formats = traverse_obj(streaming_data, (..., ('formats', 'adaptiveFormats'), ...))
 
         for fmt in streaming_formats:
             if fmt.get('targetDurationSec'):
@@ -3422,7 +3634,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 
             itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
             audio_track = fmt.get('audioTrack') or {}
-            stream_id = '%s.%s' % (itag or '', audio_track.get('id', ''))
+            stream_id = (itag, audio_track.get('id'), fmt.get('isDrc'))
             if stream_id in stream_ids:
                 continue
 
@@ -3487,10 +3699,6 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                             video_id=video_id, only_once=True)
                     throttled = True
 
-            if itag:
-                itags[itag] = 'https'
-                stream_ids.append(stream_id)
-
             tbr = float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000)
             language_preference = (
                 10 if audio_track.get('audioIsDefault') and 10
@@ -3507,11 +3715,12 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             dct = {
                 'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
                 'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
-                'format_id': itag,
+                'format_id': f'{itag}{"-drc" if fmt.get("isDrc") else ""}',
                 'format_note': join_nonempty(
-                    '%s%s' % (audio_track.get('displayName') or '',
-                              ' (default)' if language_preference > 0 else ''),
+                    join_nonempty(audio_track.get('displayName'),
+                                  language_preference > 0 and ' (default)', delim=''),
                     fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality.replace('audio_quality_', ''),
+                    fmt.get('isDrc') and 'DRC',
                     try_get(fmt, lambda x: x['projectionType'].replace('RECTANGULAR', '').lower()),
                     try_get(fmt, lambda x: x['spatialAudioType'].replace('SPATIAL_AUDIO_TYPE_', '').lower()),
                     throttled and 'THROTTLED', is_damaged and 'DAMAGED', delim=', '),
@@ -3520,13 +3729,13 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')) or None,
                 'audio_channels': fmt.get('audioChannels'),
                 'height': height,
-                'quality': q(quality),
+                'quality': q(quality) - bool(fmt.get('isDrc')) / 2,
                 'has_drm': bool(fmt.get('drmFamilies')),
                 'tbr': tbr,
                 'url': fmt_url,
                 'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
                 'language': join_nonempty(audio_track.get('id', '').split('.')[0],
-                                          'desc' if language_preference < -1 else ''),
+                                          'desc' if language_preference < -1 else '') or None,
                 'language_preference': language_preference,
                 # Strictly de-prioritize damaged and 3gp formats
                 'preference': -10 if is_damaged else -2 if itag == '17' else None,
@@ -3543,32 +3752,53 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             if no_video:
                 dct['abr'] = tbr
             if no_audio or no_video:
-                dct['downloader_options'] = {
-                    # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
-                    'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
-                }
+                CHUNK_SIZE = 10 << 20
+                dct.update({
+                    'protocol': 'http_dash_segments',
+                    'fragments': [{
+                        'url': update_url_query(dct['url'], {
+                            'range': f'{range_start}-{min(range_start + CHUNK_SIZE - 1, dct["filesize"])}'
+                        })
+                    } for range_start in range(0, dct['filesize'], CHUNK_SIZE)]
+                } if dct['filesize'] else {
+                    'downloader_options': {'http_chunk_size': CHUNK_SIZE}  # No longer useful?
+                })
+
                 if dct.get('ext'):
                     dct['container'] = dct['ext'] + '_dash'
+
+            if itag:
+                itags[itag].add(('https', dct.get('language')))
+                stream_ids.append(stream_id)
             yield dct
 
-        live_from_start = is_live and self.get_param('live_from_start')
-        skip_manifests = self._configuration_arg('skip')
-        if not self.get_param('youtube_include_hls_manifest', True):
-            skip_manifests.append('hls')
+        needs_live_processing = self._needs_live_processing(live_status, duration)
+        skip_bad_formats = not self._configuration_arg('include_incomplete_formats')
+
+        skip_manifests = set(self._configuration_arg('skip'))
+        if (not self.get_param('youtube_include_hls_manifest', True)
+                or needs_live_processing == 'is_live'  # These will be filtered out by YoutubeDL anyway
+                or needs_live_processing and skip_bad_formats):
+            skip_manifests.add('hls')
+
         if not self.get_param('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
-            skip_manifests.append('dash')
-        get_dash = 'dash' not in skip_manifests and (
-            not is_live or live_from_start or self._configuration_arg('include_live_dash'))
-        get_hls = not live_from_start and 'hls' not in skip_manifests
+            skip_manifests.add('dash')
+        if self._configuration_arg('include_live_dash'):
+            self._downloader.deprecated_feature('[youtube] include_live_dash extractor argument is deprecated. '
+                                                'Use include_incomplete_formats extractor argument instead')
+        elif skip_bad_formats and live_status == 'is_live' and needs_live_processing != 'is_live':
+            skip_manifests.add('dash')
 
         def process_manifest_format(f, proto, itag):
-            if itag in itags:
-                if itags[itag] == proto or f'{itag}-{proto}' in itags:
-                    return False
-                itag = f'{itag}-{proto}'
-            if itag:
+            key = (proto, f.get('language'))
+            if key in itags[itag]:
+                return False
+            itags[itag].add(key)
+
+            if any(p != proto for p, _ in itags[itag]):
+                f['format_id'] = f'{itag}-{proto}'
+            elif itag:
                 f['format_id'] = itag
-                itags[itag] = proto
 
             f['quality'] = q(itag_qualities.get(try_get(f, lambda f: f['format_id'].split('-')[0]), -1))
             if f['quality'] == -1 and f.get('height'):
@@ -3577,16 +3807,17 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 
         subtitles = {}
         for sd in streaming_data:
-            hls_manifest_url = get_hls and sd.get('hlsManifestUrl')
+            hls_manifest_url = 'hls' not in skip_manifests and sd.get('hlsManifestUrl')
             if hls_manifest_url:
-                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(hls_manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False, live=is_live)
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                    hls_manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False, live=live_status == 'is_live')
                 subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subs, subtitles)
                 for f in fmts:
                     if process_manifest_format(f, 'hls', self._search_regex(
                             r'/itag/(\d+)', f['url'], 'itag', default=None)):
                         yield f
 
-            dash_manifest_url = get_dash and sd.get('dashManifestUrl')
+            dash_manifest_url = 'dash' not in skip_manifests and sd.get('dashManifestUrl')
             if dash_manifest_url:
                 formats, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(dash_manifest_url, video_id, fatal=False)
                 subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subs, subtitles)  # Prioritize HLS subs over DASH
@@ -3594,7 +3825,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                     if process_manifest_format(f, 'dash', f['format_id']):
                         f['filesize'] = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
                             r'/clen/(\d+)', f.get('fragment_base_url') or f['url'], 'file size', default=None))
-                        if live_from_start:
+                        if needs_live_processing:
                             f['is_from_start'] = True
 
                         yield f
@@ -3660,11 +3891,19 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         is_live = get_first(video_details, 'isLive')
         if is_live is None:
             is_live = get_first(live_broadcast_details, 'isLiveNow')
+        live_content = get_first(video_details, 'isLiveContent')
+        is_upcoming = get_first(video_details, 'isUpcoming')
+        post_live = get_first(video_details, 'isPostLiveDvr')
+        live_status = ('post_live' if post_live
+                       else 'is_live' if is_live
+                       else 'is_upcoming' if is_upcoming
+                       else 'was_live' if live_content
+                       else 'not_live' if False in (is_live, live_content)
+                       else None)
+        streaming_data = traverse_obj(player_responses, (..., 'streamingData'))
+        *formats, subtitles = self._extract_formats_and_subtitles(streaming_data, video_id, player_url, live_status, duration)
 
-        streaming_data = traverse_obj(player_responses, (..., 'streamingData'), default=[])
-        *formats, subtitles = self._extract_formats_and_subtitles(streaming_data, video_id, player_url, is_live, duration)
-
-        return live_broadcast_details, is_live, streaming_data, formats, subtitles
+        return live_broadcast_details, live_status, streaming_data, formats, subtitles
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
@@ -3676,7 +3915,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         webpage, master_ytcfg, player_responses, player_url = self._download_player_responses(url, smuggled_data, video_id, webpage_url)
 
         playability_statuses = traverse_obj(
-            player_responses, (..., 'playabilityStatus'), expected_type=dict, default=[])
+            player_responses, (..., 'playabilityStatus'), expected_type=dict)
 
         trailer_video_id = get_first(
             playability_statuses,
@@ -3689,11 +3928,10 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         search_meta = ((lambda x: self._html_search_meta(x, webpage, default=None))
                        if webpage else (lambda x: None))
 
-        video_details = traverse_obj(
-            player_responses, (..., 'videoDetails'), expected_type=dict, default=[])
+        video_details = traverse_obj(player_responses, (..., 'videoDetails'), expected_type=dict)
         microformats = traverse_obj(
             player_responses, (..., 'microformat', 'playerMicroformatRenderer'),
-            expected_type=dict, default=[])
+            expected_type=dict)
 
         translated_title = self._get_text(microformats, (..., 'title'))
         video_title = (self._preferred_lang and translated_title
@@ -3751,13 +3989,14 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 return self.playlist_result(
                     entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
 
-        duration = int_or_none(
-            get_first(video_details, 'lengthSeconds')
-            or get_first(microformats, 'lengthSeconds')
-            or parse_duration(search_meta('duration'))) or None
+        duration = (int_or_none(get_first(video_details, 'lengthSeconds'))
+                    or int_or_none(get_first(microformats, 'lengthSeconds'))
+                    or parse_duration(search_meta('duration')) or None)
 
-        live_broadcast_details, is_live, streaming_data, formats, automatic_captions = \
-            self._list_formats(video_id, microformats, video_details, player_responses, player_url)
+        live_broadcast_details, live_status, streaming_data, formats, automatic_captions = \
+            self._list_formats(video_id, microformats, video_details, player_responses, player_url, duration)
+        if live_status == 'post_live':
+            self.write_debug(f'{video_id}: Video is in Post-Live Manifestless mode')
 
         if not formats:
             if not self.get_param('allow_unplayable_formats') and traverse_obj(streaming_data, (..., 'licenseInfos')):
@@ -3816,7 +4055,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         thumbnails.extend({
             'url': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi{webp}/{video_id}/{name}{live}.{ext}'.format(
                 video_id=video_id, name=name, ext=ext,
-                webp='_webp' if ext == 'webp' else '', live='_live' if is_live else ''),
+                webp='_webp' if ext == 'webp' else '', live='_live' if live_status == 'is_live' else ''),
         } for name in thumbnail_names for ext in ('webp', 'jpg'))
         for thumb in thumbnails:
             i = next((i for i, t in enumerate(thumbnail_names) if f'/{video_id}/{t}' in thumb['url']), n_thumbnail_names)
@@ -3831,27 +4070,30 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             or search_meta('channelId'))
         owner_profile_url = get_first(microformats, 'ownerProfileUrl')
 
-        live_content = get_first(video_details, 'isLiveContent')
-        is_upcoming = get_first(video_details, 'isUpcoming')
-        if is_live is None:
-            if is_upcoming or live_content is False:
-                is_live = False
-        if is_upcoming is None and (live_content or is_live):
-            is_upcoming = False
         live_start_time = parse_iso8601(get_first(live_broadcast_details, 'startTimestamp'))
         live_end_time = parse_iso8601(get_first(live_broadcast_details, 'endTimestamp'))
         if not duration and live_end_time and live_start_time:
             duration = live_end_time - live_start_time
 
-        if is_live and self.get_param('live_from_start'):
-            self._prepare_live_from_start_formats(formats, video_id, live_start_time, url, webpage_url, smuggled_data)
+        needs_live_processing = self._needs_live_processing(live_status, duration)
+
+        def is_bad_format(fmt):
+            if needs_live_processing and not fmt.get('is_from_start'):
+                return True
+            elif (live_status == 'is_live' and needs_live_processing != 'is_live'
+                    and fmt.get('protocol') == 'http_dash_segments'):
+                return True
+
+        for fmt in filter(is_bad_format, formats):
+            fmt['preference'] = (fmt.get('preference') or -1) - 10
+            fmt['format_note'] = join_nonempty(fmt.get('format_note'), '(Last 4 hours)', delim=' ')
+
+        if needs_live_processing:
+            self._prepare_live_from_start_formats(
+                formats, video_id, live_start_time, url, webpage_url, smuggled_data, live_status == 'is_live')
 
         formats.extend(self._extract_storyboard(player_responses, duration))
 
-        # source_preference is lower for throttled/potentially damaged formats
-        self._sort_formats(formats, (
-            'quality', 'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'source', 'vcodec:vp9.2', 'channels', 'acodec', 'lang', 'proto'))
-
         info = {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': video_title,
@@ -3862,7 +4104,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             'thumbnail': traverse_obj(original_thumbnails, (-1, 'url')),
             'description': video_description,
             'uploader': get_first(video_details, 'author'),
-            'uploader_id': self._search_regex(r'/(?:channel|user)/([^/?&#]+)', owner_profile_url, 'uploader id') if owner_profile_url else None,
+            'uploader_id': self._search_regex(r'/(?:channel/|user/|(?=@))([^/?&#]+)', owner_profile_url, 'uploader id', default=None),
             'uploader_url': owner_profile_url,
             'channel_id': channel_id,
             'channel_url': format_field(channel_id, None, 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s'),
@@ -3879,22 +4121,12 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             'categories': [category] if category else None,
             'tags': keywords,
             'playable_in_embed': get_first(playability_statuses, 'playableInEmbed'),
-            'is_live': is_live,
-            'was_live': (False if is_live or is_upcoming or live_content is False
-                         else None if is_live is None or is_upcoming is None
-                         else live_content),
-            'live_status': 'is_upcoming' if is_upcoming else None,  # rest will be set by YoutubeDL
+            'live_status': live_status,
             'release_timestamp': live_start_time,
+            '_format_sort_fields': (  # source_preference is lower for throttled/potentially damaged formats
+                'quality', 'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'source', 'vcodec:vp9.2', 'channels', 'acodec', 'lang', 'proto')
         }
 
-        if get_first(video_details, 'isPostLiveDvr'):
-            self.write_debug('Video is in Post-Live Manifestless mode')
-            info['live_status'] = 'post_live'
-            if (duration or 0) > 4 * 3600:
-                self.report_warning(
-                    'The livestream has not finished processing. Only 4 hours of the video can be currently downloaded. '
-                    'This is a known issue and patches are welcome')
-
         subtitles = {}
         pctr = traverse_obj(player_responses, (..., 'captions', 'playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer'), expected_type=dict)
         if pctr:
@@ -3905,10 +4137,10 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             # Converted into dicts to remove duplicates
             captions = {
                 get_lang_code(sub): sub
-                for sub in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'captionTracks', ...), default=[])}
+                for sub in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'captionTracks', ...))}
             translation_languages = {
                 lang.get('languageCode'): self._get_text(lang.get('languageName'), max_runs=1)
-                for lang in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'translationLanguages', ...), default=[])}
+                for lang in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'translationLanguages', ...))}
 
             def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
                 lang_subs = container.setdefault(lang_code, [])
@@ -3942,7 +4174,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                     if not trans_code:
                         continue
                     orig_trans_code = trans_code
-                    if caption_track.get('kind') != 'asr':
+                    if caption_track.get('kind') != 'asr' and trans_code != 'und':
                         if not get_translated_subs:
                             continue
                         trans_code += f'-{lang_code}'
@@ -4024,7 +4256,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'url': f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}&bpctr=9999999999&has_verified=1',
                 'video_id': video_id,
                 'ext': 'json',
-                'protocol': 'youtube_live_chat' if is_live or is_upcoming else 'youtube_live_chat_replay',
+                'protocol': ('youtube_live_chat' if live_status in ('is_live', 'is_upcoming')
+                             else 'youtube_live_chat_replay'),
             }]
 
         if initial_data:
@@ -4061,9 +4294,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                     list) or []):
                 tbrs = variadic(
                     traverse_obj(
-                        tlb, 'toggleButtonRenderer',
-                        ('segmentedLikeDislikeButtonRenderer', ..., 'toggleButtonRenderer'),
-                        default=[]))
+                        tlb, ('toggleButtonRenderer', ...),
+                        ('segmentedLikeDislikeButtonRenderer', ..., 'toggleButtonRenderer')))
                 for tbr in tbrs:
                     for getter, regex in [(
                             lambda x: x['defaultText']['accessibility']['accessibilityData'],
@@ -4085,6 +4317,15 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                     'like_count': str_to_int(like_count),
                     'dislike_count': str_to_int(dislike_count),
                 })
+            vcr = traverse_obj(vpir, ('viewCount', 'videoViewCountRenderer'))
+            if vcr:
+                vc = self._get_count(vcr, 'viewCount')
+                # Upcoming premieres with waiting count are treated as live here
+                if vcr.get('isLive'):
+                    info['concurrent_view_count'] = vc
+                elif info.get('view_count') is None:
+                    info['view_count'] = vc
+
         vsir = get_first(contents, 'videoSecondaryInfoRenderer')
         if vsir:
             vor = traverse_obj(vsir, ('owner', 'videoOwnerRenderer'))
@@ -4131,9 +4372,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             unified_strdate(get_first(microformats, 'uploadDate'))
             or unified_strdate(search_meta('uploadDate')))
         if not upload_date or (
-            not info.get('is_live')
-            and not info.get('was_live')
-            and info.get('live_status') != 'is_upcoming'
+            live_status in ('not_live', None)
             and 'no-youtube-prefer-utc-upload-date' not in self.get_param('compat_opts', [])
         ):
             upload_date = strftime_or_none(
@@ -4177,15 +4416,19 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 
 
 class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
-
     @staticmethod
     def passthrough_smuggled_data(func):
-        def _smuggle(entries, smuggled_data):
-            for entry in entries:
-                # TODO: Convert URL to music.youtube instead.
-                # Do we need to passthrough any other smuggled_data?
-                entry['url'] = smuggle_url(entry['url'], smuggled_data)
-                yield entry
+        def _smuggle(info, smuggled_data):
+            if info.get('_type') not in ('url', 'url_transparent'):
+                return info
+            if smuggled_data.get('is_music_url'):
+                parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(info['url'])
+                if parsed_url.netloc in ('www.youtube.com', 'music.youtube.com'):
+                    smuggled_data.pop('is_music_url')
+                    info['url'] = urllib.parse.urlunparse(parsed_url._replace(netloc='music.youtube.com'))
+            if smuggled_data:
+                info['url'] = smuggle_url(info['url'], smuggled_data)
+            return info
 
         @functools.wraps(func)
         def wrapper(self, url):
@@ -4193,24 +4436,13 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             if self.is_music_url(url):
                 smuggled_data['is_music_url'] = True
             info_dict = func(self, url, smuggled_data)
-            if smuggled_data and info_dict.get('entries'):
-                info_dict['entries'] = _smuggle(info_dict['entries'], smuggled_data)
+            if smuggled_data:
+                _smuggle(info_dict, smuggled_data)
+                if info_dict.get('entries'):
+                    info_dict['entries'] = (_smuggle(i, smuggled_data.copy()) for i in info_dict['entries'])
             return info_dict
         return wrapper
 
-    def _extract_channel_id(self, webpage):
-        channel_id = self._html_search_meta(
-            'channelId', webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
-        if channel_id:
-            return channel_id
-        channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
-            ('og:url', 'al:ios:url', 'al:android:url', 'al:web:url',
-             'twitter:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad',
-             'twitter:app:url:googleplay'), webpage, 'channel url')
-        return self._search_regex(
-            r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/([^/?#&])+',
-            channel_url, 'channel id')
-
     @staticmethod
     def _extract_basic_item_renderer(item):
         # Modified from _extract_grid_item_renderer
@@ -4225,6 +4457,25 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             elif key.startswith('grid') and key.endswith('Renderer'):
                 return renderer
 
+    def _extract_channel_renderer(self, renderer):
+        channel_id = renderer['channelId']
+        title = self._get_text(renderer, 'title')
+        channel_url = f'https://www.youtube.com/channel/{channel_id}'
+        return {
+            '_type': 'url',
+            'url': channel_url,
+            'id': channel_id,
+            'ie_key': YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(),
+            'channel': title,
+            'channel_id': channel_id,
+            'channel_url': channel_url,
+            'title': title,
+            'channel_follower_count': self._get_count(renderer, 'subscriberCountText'),
+            'thumbnails': self._extract_thumbnails(renderer, 'thumbnail'),
+            'playlist_count': self._get_count(renderer, 'videoCountText'),
+            'description': self._get_text(renderer, 'descriptionSnippet'),
+        }
+
     def _grid_entries(self, grid_renderer):
         for item in grid_renderer['items']:
             if not isinstance(item, dict):
@@ -4250,9 +4501,7 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             # channel
             channel_id = renderer.get('channelId')
             if channel_id:
-                yield self.url_result(
-                    'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id,
-                    ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_title=title)
+                yield self._extract_channel_renderer(renderer)
                 continue
             # generic endpoint URL support
             ep_url = urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', try_get(
@@ -4327,8 +4576,8 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             yield self._extract_video(renderer)
 
     def _rich_entries(self, rich_grid_renderer):
-        renderer = try_get(
-            rich_grid_renderer, lambda x: x['content']['videoRenderer'], dict) or {}
+        renderer = traverse_obj(
+            rich_grid_renderer, ('content', ('videoRenderer', 'reelItemRenderer')), get_all=False) or {}
         video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
         if not video_id:
             return
@@ -4405,6 +4654,13 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                     yield entry
     '''
 
+    def _report_history_entries(self, renderer):
+        for url in traverse_obj(renderer, (
+                'rows', ..., 'reportHistoryTableRowRenderer', 'cells', ...,
+                'reportHistoryTableCellRenderer', 'cell', 'reportHistoryTableTextCellRenderer', 'text', 'runs', ...,
+                'navigationEndpoint', 'commandMetadata', 'webCommandMetadata', 'url')):
+            yield self.url_result(urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', url), YoutubeIE)
+
     def _extract_entries(self, parent_renderer, continuation_list):
         # continuation_list is modified in-place with continuation_list = [continuation_token]
         continuation_list[:] = [None]
@@ -4416,12 +4672,16 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 content, 'itemSectionRenderer', 'musicShelfRenderer', 'musicShelfContinuation',
                 expected_type=dict)
             if not is_renderer:
-                renderer = content.get('richItemRenderer')
-                if renderer:
-                    for entry in self._rich_entries(renderer):
+                if content.get('richItemRenderer'):
+                    for entry in self._rich_entries(content['richItemRenderer']):
                         yield entry
                     continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(parent_renderer)
+                elif content.get('reportHistorySectionRenderer'):  # https://www.youtube.com/reporthistory
+                    table = traverse_obj(content, ('reportHistorySectionRenderer', 'table', 'tableRenderer'))
+                    yield from self._report_history_entries(table)
+                    continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(table)
                 continue
+
             isr_contents = try_get(is_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
             for isr_content in isr_contents:
                 if not isinstance(isr_content, dict):
@@ -4482,26 +4742,6 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             # See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28702
             visitor_data = self._extract_visitor_data(response) or visitor_data
 
-            known_continuation_renderers = {
-                'playlistVideoListContinuation': self._playlist_entries,
-                'gridContinuation': self._grid_entries,
-                'itemSectionContinuation': self._post_thread_continuation_entries,
-                'sectionListContinuation': extract_entries,  # for feeds
-            }
-            continuation_contents = try_get(
-                response, lambda x: x['continuationContents'], dict) or {}
-            continuation_renderer = None
-            for key, value in continuation_contents.items():
-                if key not in known_continuation_renderers:
-                    continue
-                continuation_renderer = value
-                continuation_list = [None]
-                yield from known_continuation_renderers[key](continuation_renderer)
-                continuation = continuation_list[0] or self._extract_continuation(continuation_renderer)
-                break
-            if continuation_renderer:
-                continue
-
             known_renderers = {
                 'videoRenderer': (self._grid_entries, 'items'),  # for membership tab
                 'gridPlaylistRenderer': (self._grid_entries, 'items'),
@@ -4510,79 +4750,81 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'playlistVideoRenderer': (self._playlist_entries, 'contents'),
                 'itemSectionRenderer': (extract_entries, 'contents'),  # for feeds
                 'richItemRenderer': (extract_entries, 'contents'),  # for hashtag
-                'backstagePostThreadRenderer': (self._post_thread_continuation_entries, 'contents')
+                'backstagePostThreadRenderer': (self._post_thread_continuation_entries, 'contents'),
+                'reportHistoryTableRowRenderer': (self._report_history_entries, 'rows'),
+                'playlistVideoListContinuation': (self._playlist_entries, None),
+                'gridContinuation': (self._grid_entries, None),
+                'itemSectionContinuation': (self._post_thread_continuation_entries, None),
+                'sectionListContinuation': (extract_entries, None),  # for feeds
             }
-            on_response_received = dict_get(response, ('onResponseReceivedActions', 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints'))
-            continuation_items = try_get(
-                on_response_received, lambda x: x[0]['appendContinuationItemsAction']['continuationItems'], list)
-            continuation_item = try_get(continuation_items, lambda x: x[0], dict) or {}
+
+            continuation_items = traverse_obj(response, (
+                ('onResponseReceivedActions', 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints'), ...,
+                'appendContinuationItemsAction', 'continuationItems'
+            ), 'continuationContents', get_all=False)
+            continuation_item = traverse_obj(continuation_items, 0, None, expected_type=dict, default={})
+
             video_items_renderer = None
-            for key, value in continuation_item.items():
+            for key in continuation_item.keys():
                 if key not in known_renderers:
                     continue
-                video_items_renderer = {known_renderers[key][1]: continuation_items}
+                func, parent_key = known_renderers[key]
+                video_items_renderer = {parent_key: continuation_items} if parent_key else continuation_items
                 continuation_list = [None]
-                yield from known_renderers[key][0](video_items_renderer)
+                yield from func(video_items_renderer)
                 continuation = continuation_list[0] or self._extract_continuation(video_items_renderer)
+
+            if not video_items_renderer:
                 break
-            if video_items_renderer:
-                continue
-            break
 
     @staticmethod
     def _extract_selected_tab(tabs, fatal=True):
-        for tab in tabs:
-            renderer = dict_get(tab, ('tabRenderer', 'expandableTabRenderer')) or {}
-            if renderer.get('selected') is True:
-                return renderer
-        else:
-            if fatal:
-                raise ExtractorError('Unable to find selected tab')
+        for tab_renderer in tabs:
+            if tab_renderer.get('selected'):
+                return tab_renderer
+        if fatal:
+            raise ExtractorError('Unable to find selected tab')
 
-    def _extract_uploader(self, data):
-        uploader = {}
-        renderer = self._extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, 'playlistSidebarSecondaryInfoRenderer') or {}
-        owner = try_get(
-            renderer, lambda x: x['videoOwner']['videoOwnerRenderer']['title']['runs'][0], dict)
-        if owner:
-            owner_text = owner.get('text')
-            uploader['uploader'] = self._search_regex(
-                r'^by (.+) and \d+ others?$', owner_text, 'uploader', default=owner_text)
-            uploader['uploader_id'] = try_get(
-                owner, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['browseId'], str)
-            uploader['uploader_url'] = urljoin(
-                'https://www.youtube.com/',
-                try_get(owner, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['canonicalBaseUrl'], str))
-        return {k: v for k, v in uploader.items() if v is not None}
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_tab_renderers(response):
+        return traverse_obj(
+            response, ('contents', 'twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer', 'tabs', ..., ('tabRenderer', 'expandableTabRenderer')), expected_type=dict)
 
     def _extract_from_tabs(self, item_id, ytcfg, data, tabs):
-        playlist_id = title = description = channel_url = channel_name = channel_id = None
-        tags = []
+        metadata = self._extract_metadata_from_tabs(item_id, data)
 
         selected_tab = self._extract_selected_tab(tabs)
-        primary_sidebar_renderer = self._extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, 'playlistSidebarPrimaryInfoRenderer')
-        renderer = try_get(
-            data, lambda x: x['metadata']['channelMetadataRenderer'], dict)
-        if renderer:
-            channel_name = renderer.get('title')
-            channel_url = renderer.get('channelUrl')
-            channel_id = renderer.get('externalId')
-        else:
-            renderer = try_get(
-                data, lambda x: x['metadata']['playlistMetadataRenderer'], dict)
+        metadata['title'] += format_field(selected_tab, 'title', ' - %s')
+        metadata['title'] += format_field(selected_tab, 'expandedText', ' - %s')
 
-        if renderer:
-            title = renderer.get('title')
-            description = renderer.get('description', '')
-            playlist_id = channel_id
-            tags = renderer.get('keywords', '').split()
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            self._entries(
+                selected_tab, metadata['id'], ytcfg,
+                self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
+                self._extract_visitor_data(data, ytcfg)),
+            **metadata)
+
+    def _extract_metadata_from_tabs(self, item_id, data):
+        info = {'id': item_id}
+
+        metadata_renderer = traverse_obj(data, ('metadata', 'channelMetadataRenderer'), expected_type=dict)
+        if metadata_renderer:
+            info.update({
+                'uploader': metadata_renderer.get('title'),
+                'uploader_id': metadata_renderer.get('externalId'),
+                'uploader_url': metadata_renderer.get('channelUrl'),
+            })
+            if info['uploader_id']:
+                info['id'] = info['uploader_id']
+        else:
+            metadata_renderer = traverse_obj(data, ('metadata', 'playlistMetadataRenderer'), expected_type=dict)
 
         # We can get the uncropped banner/avatar by replacing the crop params with '=s0'
         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/2237#issuecomment-1013694714
         def _get_uncropped(url):
             return url_or_none((url or '').split('=')[0] + '=s0')
 
-        avatar_thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails(renderer, 'avatar')
+        avatar_thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails(metadata_renderer, 'avatar')
         if avatar_thumbnails:
             uncropped_avatar = _get_uncropped(avatar_thumbnails[0]['url'])
             if uncropped_avatar:
@@ -4593,7 +4835,7 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 })
 
         channel_banners = self._extract_thumbnails(
-            data, ('header', ..., ['banner', 'mobileBanner', 'tvBanner']))
+            data, ('header', ..., ('banner', 'mobileBanner', 'tvBanner')))
         for banner in channel_banners:
             banner['preference'] = -10
 
@@ -4606,46 +4848,68 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                     'preference': -5
                 })
 
+        # Deprecated - remove primary_sidebar_renderer when layout discontinued
+        primary_sidebar_renderer = self._extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, 'playlistSidebarPrimaryInfoRenderer')
+        playlist_header_renderer = traverse_obj(data, ('header', 'playlistHeaderRenderer'), expected_type=dict)
+
         primary_thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails(
             primary_sidebar_renderer, ('thumbnailRenderer', ('playlistVideoThumbnailRenderer', 'playlistCustomThumbnailRenderer'), 'thumbnail'))
+        playlist_thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails(
+            playlist_header_renderer, ('playlistHeaderBanner', 'heroPlaylistThumbnailRenderer', 'thumbnail'))
 
-        if playlist_id is None:
-            playlist_id = item_id
-
-        playlist_stats = traverse_obj(primary_sidebar_renderer, 'stats')
-        last_updated_unix = self._parse_time_text(self._get_text(playlist_stats, 2))
-        if title is None:
-            title = self._get_text(data, ('header', 'hashtagHeaderRenderer', 'hashtag')) or playlist_id
-        title += format_field(selected_tab, 'title', ' - %s')
-        title += format_field(selected_tab, 'expandedText', ' - %s')
-
-        metadata = {
-            'playlist_id': playlist_id,
-            'playlist_title': title,
-            'playlist_description': description,
-            'uploader': channel_name,
-            'uploader_id': channel_id,
-            'uploader_url': channel_url,
-            'thumbnails': primary_thumbnails + avatar_thumbnails + channel_banners,
-            'tags': tags,
-            'view_count': self._get_count(playlist_stats, 1),
+        info.update({
+            'title': (traverse_obj(metadata_renderer, 'title')
+                      or self._get_text(data, ('header', 'hashtagHeaderRenderer', 'hashtag'))
+                      or info['id']),
             'availability': self._extract_availability(data),
-            'modified_date': strftime_or_none(last_updated_unix, '%Y%m%d'),
-            'playlist_count': self._get_count(playlist_stats, 0),
             'channel_follower_count': self._get_count(data, ('header', ..., 'subscriberCountText')),
-        }
-        if not channel_id:
-            metadata.update(self._extract_uploader(data))
-        metadata.update({
-            'channel': metadata['uploader'],
-            'channel_id': metadata['uploader_id'],
-            'channel_url': metadata['uploader_url']})
-        return self.playlist_result(
-            self._entries(
-                selected_tab, playlist_id, ytcfg,
-                self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
-                self._extract_visitor_data(data, ytcfg)),
-            **metadata)
+            'description': try_get(metadata_renderer, lambda x: x.get('description', '')),
+            'tags': try_get(metadata_renderer or {}, lambda x: x.get('keywords', '').split()),
+            'thumbnails': (primary_thumbnails or playlist_thumbnails) + avatar_thumbnails + channel_banners,
+        })
+
+        # Playlist stats is a text runs array containing [video count, view count, last updated].
+        # last updated or (view count and last updated) may be missing.
+        playlist_stats = get_first(
+            (primary_sidebar_renderer, playlist_header_renderer), (('stats', 'briefStats', 'numVideosText'), ))
+
+        last_updated_unix = self._parse_time_text(
+            self._get_text(playlist_stats, 2)  # deprecated, remove when old layout discontinued
+            or self._get_text(playlist_header_renderer, ('byline', 1, 'playlistBylineRenderer', 'text')))
+        info['modified_date'] = strftime_or_none(last_updated_unix, '%Y%m%d')
+
+        info['view_count'] = self._get_count(playlist_stats, 1)
+        if info['view_count'] is None:  # 0 is allowed
+            info['view_count'] = self._get_count(playlist_header_renderer, 'viewCountText')
+        if info['view_count'] is None:
+            info['view_count'] = self._get_count(data, (
+                'contents', 'twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer', 'tabs', ..., 'tabRenderer', 'content', 'sectionListRenderer',
+                'contents', ..., 'itemSectionRenderer', 'contents', ..., 'channelAboutFullMetadataRenderer', 'viewCountText'))
+
+        info['playlist_count'] = self._get_count(playlist_stats, 0)
+        if info['playlist_count'] is None:  # 0 is allowed
+            info['playlist_count'] = self._get_count(playlist_header_renderer, ('byline', 0, 'playlistBylineRenderer', 'text'))
+
+        if not info.get('uploader_id'):
+            owner = traverse_obj(playlist_header_renderer, 'ownerText')
+            if not owner:  # Deprecated
+                owner = traverse_obj(
+                    self._extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, 'playlistSidebarSecondaryInfoRenderer'),
+                    ('videoOwner', 'videoOwnerRenderer', 'title'))
+            owner_text = self._get_text(owner)
+            browse_ep = traverse_obj(owner, ('runs', 0, 'navigationEndpoint', 'browseEndpoint')) or {}
+            info.update({
+                'uploader': self._search_regex(r'^by (.+) and \d+ others?$', owner_text, 'uploader', default=owner_text),
+                'uploader_id': browse_ep.get('browseId'),
+                'uploader_url': urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', browse_ep.get('canonicalBaseUrl'))
+            })
+
+        info.update({
+            'channel': info['uploader'],
+            'channel_id': info['uploader_id'],
+            'channel_url': info['uploader_url']
+        })
+        return info
 
     def _extract_inline_playlist(self, playlist, playlist_id, data, ytcfg):
         first_id = last_id = response = None
@@ -4707,19 +4971,21 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         Note: Unless YouTube tells us explicitly, we do not assume it is public
         @param data: response
         """
-        renderer = self._extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, 'playlistSidebarPrimaryInfoRenderer') or {}
+        sidebar_renderer = self._extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, 'playlistSidebarPrimaryInfoRenderer') or {}
+        playlist_header_renderer = traverse_obj(data, ('header', 'playlistHeaderRenderer')) or {}
+        player_header_privacy = playlist_header_renderer.get('privacy')
 
-        player_header_privacy = traverse_obj(
-            data, ('header', 'playlistHeaderRenderer', 'privacy'), expected_type=str)
-
-        badges = self._extract_badges(renderer)
+        badges = self._extract_badges(sidebar_renderer)
 
         # Personal playlists, when authenticated, have a dropdown visibility selector instead of a badge
-        privacy_setting_icon = traverse_obj(
-            renderer, (
-                'privacyForm', 'dropdownFormFieldRenderer', 'dropdown', 'dropdownRenderer', 'entries',
-                lambda _, v: v['privacyDropdownItemRenderer']['isSelected'], 'privacyDropdownItemRenderer', 'icon', 'iconType'),
-            get_all=False, expected_type=str)
+        privacy_setting_icon = get_first(
+            (playlist_header_renderer, sidebar_renderer),
+            ('privacyForm', 'dropdownFormFieldRenderer', 'dropdown', 'dropdownRenderer', 'entries',
+             lambda _, v: v['privacyDropdownItemRenderer']['isSelected'], 'privacyDropdownItemRenderer', 'icon', 'iconType'),
+            expected_type=str)
+
+        microformats_is_unlisted = traverse_obj(
+            data, ('microformat', 'microformatDataRenderer', 'unlisted'), expected_type=bool)
 
         return (
             'public' if (
@@ -4734,7 +5000,8 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 is_unlisted=(
                     self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_UNLISTED)
                     or player_header_privacy == 'UNLISTED' if player_header_privacy is not None
-                    else privacy_setting_icon == 'PRIVACY_UNLISTED' if privacy_setting_icon is not None else None),
+                    else privacy_setting_icon == 'PRIVACY_UNLISTED' if privacy_setting_icon is not None
+                    else microformats_is_unlisted if microformats_is_unlisted is not None else None),
                 needs_subscription=self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_SUBSCRIPTION) or None,
                 needs_premium=self._has_badge(badges, BadgeType.AVAILABILITY_PREMIUM) or None,
                 needs_auth=False))
@@ -4750,39 +5017,23 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 
     def _reload_with_unavailable_videos(self, item_id, data, ytcfg):
         """
-        Get playlist with unavailable videos if the 'show unavailable videos' button exists.
+        Reload playlists with unavailable videos (e.g. private videos, region blocked, etc.)
         """
-        browse_id = params = None
-        renderer = self._extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, 'playlistSidebarPrimaryInfoRenderer')
-        if not renderer:
+        is_playlist = bool(traverse_obj(
+            data, ('metadata', 'playlistMetadataRenderer'), ('header', 'playlistHeaderRenderer')))
+        if not is_playlist:
             return
-        menu_renderer = try_get(
-            renderer, lambda x: x['menu']['menuRenderer']['items'], list) or []
-        for menu_item in menu_renderer:
-            if not isinstance(menu_item, dict):
-                continue
-            nav_item_renderer = menu_item.get('menuNavigationItemRenderer')
-            text = try_get(
-                nav_item_renderer, lambda x: x['text']['simpleText'], str)
-            if not text or text.lower() != 'show unavailable videos':
-                continue
-            browse_endpoint = try_get(
-                nav_item_renderer, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint'], dict) or {}
-            browse_id = browse_endpoint.get('browseId')
-            params = browse_endpoint.get('params')
-            break
-
         headers = self.generate_api_headers(
             ytcfg=ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
             visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(data, ytcfg))
         query = {
-            'params': params or 'wgYCCAA=',
-            'browseId': browse_id or 'VL%s' % item_id
+            'params': 'wgYCCAA=',
+            'browseId': f'VL{item_id}'
         }
         return self._extract_response(
             item_id=item_id, headers=headers, query=query,
             check_get_keys='contents', fatal=False, ytcfg=ytcfg,
-            note='Downloading API JSON with unavailable videos')
+            note='Redownloading playlist API JSON with unavailable videos')
 
     @functools.cached_property
     def skip_webpage(self):
@@ -4834,8 +5085,7 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             webpage, data = self._extract_webpage(url, item_id, fatal=webpage_fatal)
             ytcfg = ytcfg or self.extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
             # Reject webpage data if redirected to home page without explicitly requesting
-            selected_tab = self._extract_selected_tab(traverse_obj(
-                data, ('contents', 'twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer', 'tabs'), expected_type=list, default=[]), fatal=False) or {}
+            selected_tab = self._extract_selected_tab(self._extract_tab_renderers(data), fatal=False) or {}
             if (url != 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended'
                     and selected_tab.get('tabIdentifier') == 'FEwhat_to_watch'  # Home page
                     and 'no-youtube-channel-redirect' not in self.get_param('compat_opts', [])):
@@ -4906,7 +5156,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
     IE_DESC = 'YouTube Tabs'
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x:
         https?://
-            (?:\w+\.)?
+            (?!consent\.)(?:\w+\.)?
             (?:
                 youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
                 %(invidious)s
@@ -5280,6 +5530,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/Computerphile',
             'channel': 'Computerphile',
             'availability': 'public',
+            'modified_date': '20190712',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 11,
     }, {
@@ -5328,18 +5579,19 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
             'tags': list,
             'like_count': int,
-            'release_timestamp': 1642502819,
+            'release_timestamp': int,
             'channel': 'Sky News',
             'channel_id': 'UCoMdktPbSTixAyNGwb-UYkQ',
             'age_limit': 0,
             'view_count': int,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/GgL890LIznQ/maxresdefault_live.jpg',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://i\.ytimg\.com/vi/[^/]+/maxresdefault(?:_live)?\.jpg',
             'playable_in_embed': True,
-            'release_date': '20220118',
+            'release_date': r're:\d+',
             'availability': 'public',
             'live_status': 'is_live',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCoMdktPbSTixAyNGwb-UYkQ',
-            'channel_follower_count': int
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'concurrent_view_count': int,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
@@ -5417,7 +5669,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'title': '#cctv9',
             'tags': [],
         },
-        'playlist_mincount': 350,
+        'playlist_mincount': 300,  # not consistent but should be over 300
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLW4dVinRY435CBE_JD3t-0SRXKfnZHS1P&feature=youtu.be&v=M9cJMXmQ_ZU',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -5468,22 +5720,16 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'description': '',
             'availability': 'public',
         },
-        'expected_warnings': [
-            'The URL does not have a videos tab',
-            r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden',
-        ],
         'playlist_mincount': 101,
     }, {
-        'note': 'Topic without a UU playlist',
+        # Destination channel with only a hidden self tab (tab id is UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg)
+        # Treat as a general feed
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
             'title': 'UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
             'tags': [],
         },
-        'expected_warnings': [
-            'the playlist redirect gave error',
-        ],
         'playlist_mincount': 9,
     }, {
         'note': 'Youtube music Album',
@@ -5551,6 +5797,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'skip_download': True,
             'extractor_args': {'youtubetab': {'skip': ['webpage']}}
         },
+        'skip': 'Query for sorting no longer works',
     }, {
         'note': 'API Fallback: Topic, should redirect to playlist?list=UU...',
         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
@@ -5569,10 +5816,6 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
             'availability': 'public',
         },
-        'expected_warnings': [
-            'does not have a videos tab',
-            r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden',
-        ],
         'playlist_mincount': 101,
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
@@ -5609,7 +5852,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'tags': [],
             'uploader_id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
-            'description': '',
+            'description': 'test description',
             'title': 'cole-dlp-test-acc - 再生リスト',
             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
             'uploader': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
@@ -5640,13 +5883,281 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'playlist_mincount': 1,
         'params': {'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'lang': ['ja']}}},
         'expected_warnings': ['Preferring "ja"'],
+    }, {
+        # shorts audio pivot for 2GtVksBMYFM.
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/sfv_audio_pivot?bp=8gUrCikSJwoLMkd0VmtzQk1ZRk0SCzJHdFZrc0JNWUZNGgsyR3RWa3NCTVlGTQ==',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'sfv_audio_pivot',
+            'title': 'sfv_audio_pivot',
+            'tags': [],
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 50,
+
+    }, {
+        # Channel with a real live tab (not to be mistaken with streams tab)
+        # Do not treat like it should redirect to live stream
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEH7P7kyJIkS_gJf93VYbmg/live',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCEH7P7kyJIkS_gJf93VYbmg',
+            'title': 'UCEH7P7kyJIkS_gJf93VYbmg - Live',
+            'tags': [],
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 20,
+    }, {
+        # Tab name is not the same as tab id
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQvWX73GQygcwXOTSf_VDVg/letsplay',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCQvWX73GQygcwXOTSf_VDVg',
+            'title': 'UCQvWX73GQygcwXOTSf_VDVg - Let\'s play',
+            'tags': [],
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 8,
+    }, {
+        # Home tab id is literally home. Not to get mistaken with featured
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQvWX73GQygcwXOTSf_VDVg/home',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCQvWX73GQygcwXOTSf_VDVg',
+            'title': 'UCQvWX73GQygcwXOTSf_VDVg - Home',
+            'tags': [],
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 8,
+    }, {
+        # Should get three playlists for videos, shorts and streams tabs
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCK9V2B22uJYu3N7eR_BT9QA',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCK9V2B22uJYu3N7eR_BT9QA',
+            'title': 'Polka Ch. 尾丸ポルカ',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'channel_id': 'UCK9V2B22uJYu3N7eR_BT9QA',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCK9V2B22uJYu3N7eR_BT9QA',
+            'uploader': 'Polka Ch. 尾丸ポルカ',
+            'description': 'md5:3b8df1ac5af337aa206e37ee3d181ec9',
+            'channel': 'Polka Ch. 尾丸ポルカ',
+            'tags': 'count:35',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCK9V2B22uJYu3N7eR_BT9QA',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCK9V2B22uJYu3N7eR_BT9QA',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 3,
+    }, {
+        # Shorts tab with channel with handle
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@NotJustBikes/shorts',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UC0intLFzLaudFG-xAvUEO-A',
+            'title': 'Not Just Bikes - Shorts',
+            'tags': 'count:12',
+            'uploader': 'Not Just Bikes',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0intLFzLaudFG-xAvUEO-A',
+            'description': 'md5:7513148b1f02b924783157d84c4ea555',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'uploader_id': 'UC0intLFzLaudFG-xAvUEO-A',
+            'channel_id': 'UC0intLFzLaudFG-xAvUEO-A',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0intLFzLaudFG-xAvUEO-A',
+            'channel': 'Not Just Bikes',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 10,
+    }, {
+        # Streams tab
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3eYAvjCVwNHgkaGbXX3sig/streams',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UC3eYAvjCVwNHgkaGbXX3sig',
+            'title': '中村悠一 - Live',
+            'tags': 'count:7',
+            'channel_id': 'UC3eYAvjCVwNHgkaGbXX3sig',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3eYAvjCVwNHgkaGbXX3sig',
+            'uploader_id': 'UC3eYAvjCVwNHgkaGbXX3sig',
+            'channel': '中村悠一',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3eYAvjCVwNHgkaGbXX3sig',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'uploader': '中村悠一',
+            'description': 'md5:e744f6c93dafa7a03c0c6deecb157300',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 60,
+    }, {
+        # Channel with no uploads and hence no videos, streams, shorts tabs or uploads playlist. This should fail.
+        # See test_youtube_lists
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2yXPzFejc422buOIzn_0CA',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        # No uploads and no UCID given. Should fail with no uploads error
+        # See test_youtube_lists
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/news',
+        'only_matching': True
+    }, {
+        # No videos tab but has a shorts tab
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/TKFShorts',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCgJ5_1F6yJhYLnyMszUdmUg',
+            'title': 'Shorts Break - Shorts',
+            'tags': 'count:32',
+            'channel_id': 'UCgJ5_1F6yJhYLnyMszUdmUg',
+            'channel': 'Shorts Break',
+            'description': 'md5:a6c234cf3d50d878ef8721e34457cd11',
+            'uploader': 'Shorts Break',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'uploader_id': 'UCgJ5_1F6yJhYLnyMszUdmUg',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgJ5_1F6yJhYLnyMszUdmUg',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgJ5_1F6yJhYLnyMszUdmUg',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 30,
+    }, {
+        # Trending Now Tab. tab id is empty
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/trending',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'trending',
+            'title': 'trending - Now',
+            'tags': [],
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 30,
+    }, {
+        # Trending Gaming Tab. tab id is empty
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/trending?bp=4gIcGhpnYW1pbmdfY29ycHVzX21vc3RfcG9wdWxhcg%3D%3D',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'trending',
+            'title': 'trending - Gaming',
+            'tags': [],
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 30,
+    }, {
+        # Shorts url result in shorts tab
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA/shorts',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+            'title': 'cole-dlp-test-acc - Shorts',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+            'channel': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
+            'description': 'test description',
+            'channel_id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+            'tags': [],
+            'uploader': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                '_type': 'url',
+                'ie_key': 'Youtube',
+                'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/shorts/sSM9J5YH_60',
+                'id': 'sSM9J5YH_60',
+                'channel_id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+                'title': 'SHORT short',
+                'channel': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+                'view_count': int,
+                'thumbnails': list,
+            }
+        }],
+        'params': {'extract_flat': True},
+    }, {
+        # Live video status should be extracted
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQvWX73GQygcwXOTSf_VDVg/live',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCQvWX73GQygcwXOTSf_VDVg',
+            'title': 'UCQvWX73GQygcwXOTSf_VDVg - Live',  # TODO, should be Minecraft - Live or Minecraft - Topic - Live
+            'tags': []
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                '_type': 'url',
+                'ie_key': 'Youtube',
+                'url': 'startswith:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=',
+                'id': str,
+                'title': str,
+                'live_status': 'is_live',
+                'channel_id': str,
+                'channel_url': str,
+                'concurrent_view_count': int,
+                'channel': str,
+            }
+        }],
+        'params': {'extract_flat': True, 'playlist_items': '1'},
+        'playlist_mincount': 1
+    }, {
+        # Channel renderer metadata. Contains number of videos on the channel
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA/channels',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+            'title': 'cole-dlp-test-acc - Channels',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+            'channel': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
+            'description': 'test description',
+            'channel_id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+            'tags': [],
+            'uploader': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                '_type': 'url',
+                'ie_key': 'YoutubeTab',
+                'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-lHJZR3Gqxm24_Vd_AJ5Yw',
+                'id': 'UC-lHJZR3Gqxm24_Vd_AJ5Yw',
+                'channel_id': 'UC-lHJZR3Gqxm24_Vd_AJ5Yw',
+                'title': 'PewDiePie',
+                'channel': 'PewDiePie',
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-lHJZR3Gqxm24_Vd_AJ5Yw',
+                'thumbnails': list,
+                'channel_follower_count': int,
+                'playlist_count': int
+            }
+        }],
+        'params': {'extract_flat': True},
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@3blue1brown/about',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
+            'tags': ['Mathematics'],
+            'title': '3Blue1Brown - About',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'channel_id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
+            'channel': '3Blue1Brown',
+            'uploader': '3Blue1Brown',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
+            'description': 'md5:e1384e8a133307dd10edee76e875d62f',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 0,
     }]
 
     @classmethod
     def suitable(cls, url):
         return False if YoutubeIE.suitable(url) else super().suitable(url)
 
-    _URL_RE = re.compile(rf'(?P<pre>{_VALID_URL})(?(not_channel)|(?P<tab>/\w+))?(?P<post>.*)$')
+    _URL_RE = re.compile(rf'(?P<pre>{_VALID_URL})(?(not_channel)|(?P<tab>/[^?#/]+))?(?P<post>.*)$')
+
+    def _get_url_mobj(self, url):
+        mobj = self._URL_RE.match(url).groupdict()
+        mobj.update((k, '') for k, v in mobj.items() if v is None)
+        return mobj
+
+    def _extract_tab_id_and_name(self, tab, base_url='https://www.youtube.com'):
+        tab_name = (tab.get('title') or '').lower()
+        tab_url = urljoin(base_url, traverse_obj(
+            tab, ('endpoint', 'commandMetadata', 'webCommandMetadata', 'url')))
+
+        tab_id = (tab_url and self._get_url_mobj(tab_url)['tab'][1:]
+                  or traverse_obj(tab, 'tabIdentifier', expected_type=str))
+        if tab_id:
+            return {
+                'TAB_ID_SPONSORSHIPS': 'membership',
+            }.get(tab_id, tab_id), tab_name
+
+        # Fallback to tab name if we cannot get the tab id.
+        # XXX: should we strip non-ascii letters? e.g. in case of 'let's play' tab example on special gaming channel
+        # Note that in the case of translated tab name this may result in an empty string, which we don't want.
+        if tab_name:
+            self.write_debug(f'Falling back to selected tab name: {tab_name}')
+        return {
+            'home': 'featured',
+            'live': 'streams',
+        }.get(tab_name, tab_name), tab_name
+
+    def _has_tab(self, tabs, tab_id):
+        return any(self._extract_tab_id_and_name(tab)[0] == tab_id for tab in tabs)
 
     @YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor.passthrough_smuggled_data
     def _real_extract(self, url, smuggled_data):
@@ -5655,123 +6166,137 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             urllib.parse.urlparse(url)._replace(netloc='www.youtube.com'))
         compat_opts = self.get_param('compat_opts', [])
 
-        def get_mobj(url):
-            mobj = self._URL_RE.match(url).groupdict()
-            mobj.update((k, '') for k, v in mobj.items() if v is None)
-            return mobj
+        mobj = self._get_url_mobj(url)
+        pre, tab, post, is_channel = mobj['pre'], mobj['tab'], mobj['post'], not mobj['not_channel']
+        if is_channel and smuggled_data.get('is_music_url'):
+            if item_id[:2] == 'VL':  # Youtube music VL channels have an equivalent playlist
+                return self.url_result(
+                    f'https://music.youtube.com/playlist?list={item_id[2:]}', YoutubeTabIE, item_id[2:])
+            elif item_id[:2] == 'MP':  # Resolve albums (/[channel/browse]/MP...) to their equivalent playlist
+                mdata = self._extract_tab_endpoint(
+                    f'https://music.youtube.com/channel/{item_id}', item_id, default_client='web_music')
+                murl = traverse_obj(mdata, ('microformat', 'microformatDataRenderer', 'urlCanonical'),
+                                    get_all=False, expected_type=str)
+                if not murl:
+                    raise ExtractorError('Failed to resolve album to playlist')
+                return self.url_result(murl, YoutubeTabIE)
+            elif mobj['channel_type'] == 'browse':  # Youtube music /browse/ should be changed to /channel/
+                return self.url_result(
+                    f'https://music.youtube.com/channel/{item_id}{tab}{post}', YoutubeTabIE, item_id)
 
-        mobj, redirect_warning = get_mobj(url), None
-        # Youtube returns incomplete data if tabname is not lower case
-        pre, tab, post, is_channel = mobj['pre'], mobj['tab'].lower(), mobj['post'], not mobj['not_channel']
-        if is_channel:
-            if smuggled_data.get('is_music_url'):
-                if item_id[:2] == 'VL':  # Youtube music VL channels have an equivalent playlist
-                    item_id = item_id[2:]
-                    pre, tab, post, is_channel = f'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={item_id}', '', '', False
-                elif item_id[:2] == 'MP':  # Resolve albums (/[channel/browse]/MP...) to their equivalent playlist
-                    mdata = self._extract_tab_endpoint(
-                        f'https://music.youtube.com/channel/{item_id}', item_id, default_client='web_music')
-                    murl = traverse_obj(mdata, ('microformat', 'microformatDataRenderer', 'urlCanonical'),
-                                        get_all=False, expected_type=str)
-                    if not murl:
-                        raise ExtractorError('Failed to resolve album to playlist')
-                    return self.url_result(murl, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
-                elif mobj['channel_type'] == 'browse':  # Youtube music /browse/ should be changed to /channel/
-                    pre = f'https://www.youtube.com/channel/{item_id}'
-
-        original_tab_name = tab
+        original_tab_id, display_id = tab[1:], f'{item_id}{tab}'
         if is_channel and not tab and 'no-youtube-channel-redirect' not in compat_opts:
-            # Home URLs should redirect to /videos/
-            redirect_warning = ('A channel/user page was given. All the channel\'s videos will be downloaded. '
-                                'To download only the videos in the home page, add a "/featured" to the URL')
-            tab = '/videos'
-
-        url = ''.join((pre, tab, post))
-        mobj = get_mobj(url)
+            url = f'{pre}/videos{post}'
+        if smuggled_data.get('is_music_url'):
+            self.report_warning(f'YouTube Music is not directly supported. Redirecting to {url}')
 
         # Handle both video/playlist URLs
         qs = parse_qs(url)
-        video_id, playlist_id = (qs.get(key, [None])[0] for key in ('v', 'list'))
-
+        video_id, playlist_id = [traverse_obj(qs, (key, 0)) for key in ('v', 'list')]
         if not video_id and mobj['not_channel'].startswith('watch'):
             if not playlist_id:
                 # If there is neither video or playlist ids, youtube redirects to home page, which is undesirable
-                raise ExtractorError('Unable to recognize tab page')
+                raise ExtractorError('A video URL was given without video ID', expected=True)
             # Common mistake: https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=playlist_id
             self.report_warning(f'A video URL was given without video ID. Trying to download playlist {playlist_id}')
-            url = f'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={playlist_id}'
-            mobj = get_mobj(url)
+            return self.url_result(
+                f'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={playlist_id}', YoutubeTabIE, playlist_id)
 
-        if video_id and playlist_id:
-            if self.get_param('noplaylist'):
-                self.to_screen(f'Downloading just video {video_id} because of --no-playlist')
-                return self.url_result(f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}',
-                                       ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
-            self.to_screen(f'Downloading playlist {playlist_id}; add --no-playlist to just download video {video_id}')
+        if not self._yes_playlist(playlist_id, video_id):
+            return self.url_result(
+                f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}', YoutubeIE, video_id)
 
-        data, ytcfg = self._extract_data(url, item_id)
+        data, ytcfg = self._extract_data(url, display_id)
 
         # YouTube may provide a non-standard redirect to the regional channel
         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/2694
+        # https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/2976814#zippy=,conditional-redirects
         redirect_url = traverse_obj(
             data, ('onResponseReceivedActions', ..., 'navigateAction', 'endpoint', 'commandMetadata', 'webCommandMetadata', 'url'), get_all=False)
         if redirect_url and 'no-youtube-channel-redirect' not in compat_opts:
-            redirect_url = ''.join((
-                urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', redirect_url), mobj['tab'], mobj['post']))
-            self.to_screen(f'This playlist is likely not available in your region. Following redirect to regional playlist {redirect_url}')
-            return self.url_result(redirect_url, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
+            redirect_url = ''.join((urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', redirect_url), tab, post))
+            self.to_screen(f'This playlist is likely not available in your region. Following conditional redirect to {redirect_url}')
+            return self.url_result(redirect_url, YoutubeTabIE)
 
-        tabs = traverse_obj(data, ('contents', 'twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer', 'tabs'), expected_type=list)
-        if tabs:
+        tabs, extra_tabs = self._extract_tab_renderers(data), []
+        if is_channel and tabs and 'no-youtube-channel-redirect' not in compat_opts:
             selected_tab = self._extract_selected_tab(tabs)
-            selected_tab_url = urljoin(
-                url, traverse_obj(selected_tab, ('endpoint', 'commandMetadata', 'webCommandMetadata', 'url')))
-            translated_tab_name = selected_tab.get('title', '').lower()
+            selected_tab_id, selected_tab_name = self._extract_tab_id_and_name(selected_tab, url)  # NB: Name may be translated
+            self.write_debug(f'Selected tab: {selected_tab_id!r} ({selected_tab_name}), Requested tab: {original_tab_id!r}')
 
-            # Prefer tab name from tab url as it is always in en,
-            # but only when preferred lang is set as it may not extract reliably in all cases.
-            selected_tab_name = (self._preferred_lang in (None, 'en') and translated_tab_name
-                                 or selected_tab_url and get_mobj(selected_tab_url)['tab'][1:]  # primary
-                                 or translated_tab_name)
+            if not original_tab_id and selected_tab_name:
+                self.to_screen('Downloading all uploads of the channel. '
+                               'To download only the videos in a specific tab, pass the tab\'s URL')
+                if self._has_tab(tabs, 'streams'):
+                    extra_tabs.append(''.join((pre, '/streams', post)))
+                if self._has_tab(tabs, 'shorts'):
+                    extra_tabs.append(''.join((pre, '/shorts', post)))
+                # XXX: Members-only tab should also be extracted
 
-            if selected_tab_name == 'home':
-                selected_tab_name = 'featured'
-            requested_tab_name = mobj['tab'][1:]
+                if not extra_tabs and selected_tab_id != 'videos':
+                    # Channel does not have streams, shorts or videos tabs
+                    if item_id[:2] != 'UC':
+                        raise ExtractorError('This channel has no uploads', expected=True)
 
-            if 'no-youtube-channel-redirect' not in compat_opts:
-                if requested_tab_name == 'live':  # Live tab should have redirected to the video
-                    raise UserNotLive(video_id=mobj['id'])
-                if requested_tab_name not in ('', selected_tab_name):
-                    redirect_warning = f'The channel does not have a {requested_tab_name} tab'
-                    if not original_tab_name:
-                        if item_id[:2] == 'UC':
-                            # Topic channels don't have /videos. Use the equivalent playlist instead
-                            pl_id = f'UU{item_id[2:]}'
-                            pl_url = f'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={pl_id}'
-                            try:
-                                data, ytcfg = self._extract_data(pl_url, pl_id, ytcfg=ytcfg, fatal=True, webpage_fatal=True)
-                            except ExtractorError:
-                                redirect_warning += ' and the playlist redirect gave error'
-                            else:
-                                item_id, url, selected_tab_name = pl_id, pl_url, requested_tab_name
-                                redirect_warning += f'. Redirecting to playlist {pl_id} instead'
-                        if selected_tab_name and selected_tab_name != requested_tab_name:
-                            redirect_warning += f'. {selected_tab_name} tab is being downloaded instead'
+                    # Topic channels don't have /videos. Use the equivalent playlist instead
+                    pl_id = f'UU{item_id[2:]}'
+                    pl_url = f'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={pl_id}'
+                    try:
+                        data, ytcfg = self._extract_data(pl_url, pl_id, ytcfg=ytcfg, fatal=True, webpage_fatal=True)
+                    except ExtractorError:
+                        raise ExtractorError('This channel has no uploads', expected=True)
                     else:
-                        raise ExtractorError(redirect_warning, expected=True)
+                        item_id, url = pl_id, pl_url
+                        self.to_screen(
+                            f'The channel does not have a videos, shorts, or live tab. Redirecting to playlist {pl_id} instead')
 
-        if redirect_warning:
-            self.to_screen(redirect_warning)
-        self.write_debug(f'Final URL: {url}')
+                elif extra_tabs and selected_tab_id != 'videos':
+                    # When there are shorts/live tabs but not videos tab
+                    url, data = f'{pre}{post}', None
+
+            elif (original_tab_id or 'videos') != selected_tab_id:
+                if original_tab_id == 'live':
+                    # Live tab should have redirected to the video
+                    # Except in the case the channel has an actual live tab
+                    # Example: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEH7P7kyJIkS_gJf93VYbmg/live
+                    raise UserNotLive(video_id=item_id)
+                elif selected_tab_name:
+                    raise ExtractorError(f'This channel does not have a {original_tab_id} tab', expected=True)
+
+                # For channels such as https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg
+                url = f'{pre}{post}'
 
         # YouTube sometimes provides a button to reload playlist with unavailable videos.
         if 'no-youtube-unavailable-videos' not in compat_opts:
-            data = self._reload_with_unavailable_videos(item_id, data, ytcfg) or data
+            data = self._reload_with_unavailable_videos(display_id, data, ytcfg) or data
         self._extract_and_report_alerts(data, only_once=True)
-        tabs = traverse_obj(data, ('contents', 'twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer', 'tabs'), expected_type=list)
-        if tabs:
-            return self._extract_from_tabs(item_id, ytcfg, data, tabs)
 
+        tabs, entries = self._extract_tab_renderers(data), []
+        if tabs:
+            entries = [self._extract_from_tabs(item_id, ytcfg, data, tabs)]
+            entries[0].update({
+                'extractor_key': YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(),
+                'extractor': YoutubeTabIE.IE_NAME,
+                'webpage_url': url,
+            })
+        if self.get_param('playlist_items') == '0':
+            entries.extend(self.url_result(u, YoutubeTabIE) for u in extra_tabs)
+        else:  # Users expect to get all `video_id`s even with `--flat-playlist`. So don't return `url_result`
+            entries.extend(map(self._real_extract, extra_tabs))
+
+        if len(entries) == 1:
+            return entries[0]
+        elif entries:
+            metadata = self._extract_metadata_from_tabs(item_id, data)
+            uploads_url = 'the Uploads (UU) playlist URL'
+            if try_get(metadata, lambda x: x['channel_id'].startswith('UC')):
+                uploads_url = f'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UU{metadata["channel_id"][2:]}'
+            self.to_screen(
+                'Downloading as multiple playlists, separated by tabs. '
+                f'To download as a single playlist instead, pass {uploads_url}')
+            return self.playlist_result(entries, item_id, **metadata)
+
+        # Inline playlist
         playlist = traverse_obj(
             data, ('contents', 'twoColumnWatchNextResults', 'playlist', 'playlist'), expected_type=dict)
         if playlist:
@@ -5780,10 +6305,9 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         video_id = traverse_obj(
             data, ('currentVideoEndpoint', 'watchEndpoint', 'videoId'), expected_type=str) or video_id
         if video_id:
-            if mobj['tab'] != '/live':  # live tab is expected to redirect to video
+            if tab != '/live':  # live tab is expected to redirect to video
                 self.report_warning(f'Unable to recognize playlist. Downloading just video {video_id}')
-            return self.url_result(f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}',
-                                   ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
+            return self.url_result(f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}', YoutubeIE, video_id)
 
         raise ExtractorError('Unable to recognize tab page')
 
@@ -5816,12 +6340,13 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
             'uploader_id': 'UCKSpbfbl5kRQpTdL7kMc-1Q',
             'description': 'md5:8fa6f52abb47a9552002fa3ddfc57fc2',
             'view_count': int,
-            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/Wickydoo',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/WickmanVT',
             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
             'channel_id': 'UCKSpbfbl5kRQpTdL7kMc-1Q',
             'channel': 'Wickman',
             'tags': [],
-            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/Wickydoo',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/WickmanVT',
+            'availability': 'public',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 29,
     }, {
@@ -5851,7 +6376,7 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
             'availability': 'public',
         },
-        'expected_warnings': [r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden'],
+        'expected_warnings': [r'[Uu]navailable videos? (is|are|will be) hidden'],
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
         'playlist_mincount': 455,
@@ -5978,9 +6503,7 @@ class YoutubeYtUserIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         user_id = self._match_id(url)
-        return self.url_result(
-            'https://www.youtube.com/user/%s/videos' % user_id,
-            ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=user_id)
+        return self.url_result(f'https://www.youtube.com/user/{user_id}', YoutubeTabIE, user_id)
 
 
 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
@@ -6057,9 +6580,9 @@ class YoutubeNotificationsIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         title = self._search_regex(
             rf'{re.escape(channel or "")}[^:]+: (.+)', notification_title,
             'video title', default=None)
-        upload_date = (strftime_or_none(self._parse_time_text(self._get_text(notification, 'sentTimeText')), '%Y%m%d')
-                       if self._configuration_arg('approximate_date', ie_key=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
-                       else None)
+        timestamp = (self._parse_time_text(self._get_text(notification, 'sentTimeText'))
+                     if self._configuration_arg('approximate_date', ie_key=YoutubeTabIE)
+                     else None)
         return {
             '_type': 'url',
             'url': url,
@@ -6069,7 +6592,7 @@ class YoutubeNotificationsIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'channel_id': channel_id,
             'channel': channel,
             'thumbnails': self._extract_thumbnails(notification, 'videoThumbnail'),
-            'upload_date': upload_date,
+            'timestamp': timestamp,
         }
 
     def _notification_menu_entries(self, ytcfg):
@@ -6153,6 +6676,30 @@ class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             #     'title': '#cats',
             # }],
         },
+    }, {
+        # Channel results
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=kurzgesagt&sp=EgIQAg%253D%253D',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'kurzgesagt',
+            'title': 'kurzgesagt',
+        },
+        'playlist': [{
+            'info_dict': {
+                '_type': 'url',
+                'id': 'UCsXVk37bltHxD1rDPwtNM8Q',
+                'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsXVk37bltHxD1rDPwtNM8Q',
+                'ie_key': 'YoutubeTab',
+                'channel': 'Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell',
+                'description': 'md5:4ae48dfa9505ffc307dad26342d06bfc',
+                'title': 'Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell',
+                'channel_id': 'UCsXVk37bltHxD1rDPwtNM8Q',
+                'playlist_count': int,  # XXX: should have a way of saying > 1
+                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsXVk37bltHxD1rDPwtNM8Q',
+                'thumbnails': list
+            }
+        }],
+        'params': {'extract_flat': True, 'playlist_items': '1'},
+        'playlist_mincount': 1,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -6307,6 +6854,30 @@ class YoutubeStoriesIE(InfoExtractor):
             ie=YoutubeTabIE, video_id=playlist_id)
 
 
+class YoutubeShortsAudioPivotIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube Shorts audio pivot (Shorts using audio of a given video)'
+    IE_NAME = 'youtube:shorts:pivot:audio'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/source/(?P<id>[\w-]{11})/shorts'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/source/Lyj-MZSAA9o/shorts',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _generate_audio_pivot_params(video_id):
+        """
+        Generates sfv_audio_pivot browse params for this video id
+        """
+        pb_params = b'\xf2\x05+\n)\x12\'\n\x0b%b\x12\x0b%b\x1a\x0b%b' % ((video_id.encode(),) * 3)
+        return urllib.parse.quote(base64.b64encode(pb_params).decode())
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        return self.url_result(
+            f'https://www.youtube.com/feed/sfv_audio_pivot?bp={self._generate_audio_pivot_params(video_id)}',
+            ie=YoutubeTabIE)
+
+
 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
@@ -6414,6 +6985,51 @@ class YoutubeClipIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         }
 
 
+class YoutubeConsentRedirectIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'youtube:consent'
+    IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://consent\.youtube\.com/m\?'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://consent.youtube.com/m?continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Flive%2FqVv6vCqciTM%3Fcbrd%3D1&gl=NL&m=0&pc=yt&hl=en&src=1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'qVv6vCqciTM',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'uploader_id': 'UCIdEIHpS0TdkqRkHL5OkLtA',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'chapters': 'count:13',
+            'upload_date': '20221223',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/qVv6vCqciTM/maxresdefault.jpg',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIdEIHpS0TdkqRkHL5OkLtA',
+            'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIdEIHpS0TdkqRkHL5OkLtA',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'release_date': '20221223',
+            'tags': ['Vtuber', '月ノ美兎', '名取さな', 'にじさんじ', 'クリスマス', '3D配信'],
+            'title': '【 #インターネット女クリスマス 】3Dで歌ってはしゃぐインターネットの女たち【月ノ美兎/名取さな】',
+            'view_count': int,
+            'playable_in_embed': True,
+            'duration': 4438,
+            'availability': 'public',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'channel_id': 'UCIdEIHpS0TdkqRkHL5OkLtA',
+            'categories': ['Entertainment'],
+            'live_status': 'was_live',
+            'release_timestamp': 1671793345,
+            'channel': 'さなちゃんねる',
+            'description': 'md5:6aebf95cc4a1d731aebc01ad6cc9806d',
+            'uploader': 'さなちゃんねる',
+        },
+        'add_ie': ['Youtube'],
+        'params': {'skip_download': 'Youtube'},
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        redirect_url = url_or_none(parse_qs(url).get('continue', [None])[-1])
+        if not redirect_url:
+            raise ExtractorError('Invalid cookie consent redirect URL', expected=True)
+        return self.url_result(redirect_url)
+
+
 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/zapiks.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/zapiks.py
index 4b18cb86c8..88f526bbc9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/zapiks.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/zapiks.py
@@ -92,7 +92,6 @@ class ZapiksIE(InfoExtractor):
             if m:
                 f['height'] = int(m.group('height'))
             formats.append(f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/zattoo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/zattoo.py
index 572a1d0f2a..22620c0a32 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/zattoo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/zattoo.py
@@ -202,7 +202,6 @@ class ZattooPlatformBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                 for this_format in this_formats:
                     this_format['quality'] = preference
                 formats.extend(this_formats)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
         return formats, subtitles
 
     def _extract_video(self, video_id, record_id=None):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/zdf.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/zdf.py
index 3a7f01f7a8..c863c46ed7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/zdf.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/zdf.py
@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@ import re
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import compat_str
 from ..utils import (
+    NO_DEFAULT,
+    ExtractorError,
     determine_ext,
+    extract_attributes,
     float_or_none,
     int_or_none,
     join_nonempty,
     merge_dicts,
-    NO_DEFAULT,
-    orderedSet,
     parse_codecs,
     qualities,
     traverse_obj,
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 class ZDFBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['DE']
-    _QUALITIES = ('auto', 'low', 'med', 'high', 'veryhigh', 'hd')
+    _QUALITIES = ('auto', 'low', 'med', 'high', 'veryhigh', 'hd', 'uhd')
 
     def _call_api(self, url, video_id, item, api_token=None, referrer=None):
         headers = {}
@@ -109,7 +110,6 @@ class ZDFBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                                 'class': track.get('class'),
                                 'language': track.get('language'),
                             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ('tbr', 'res', 'quality', 'language_preference'))
 
         duration = float_or_none(try_get(
             ptmd, lambda x: x['attributes']['duration']['value']), scale=1000)
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ class ZDFBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             'duration': duration,
             'formats': formats,
             'subtitles': self._extract_subtitles(ptmd),
+            '_format_sort_fields': ('tbr', 'res', 'quality', 'language_preference'),
         }
 
     def _extract_player(self, webpage, video_id, fatal=True):
@@ -173,7 +174,8 @@ class ZDFIE(ZDFBaseIE):
             'thumbnail': 'md5:e65f459f741be5455c952cd820eb188e',
             'title': 'heute journal vom 30.12.2021',
             'timestamp': 1640897100,
-        }
+        },
+        'skip': 'No longer available: "Diese Seite wurde leider nicht gefunden"',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.zdf.de/dokumentation/terra-x/die-magie-der-farben-von-koenigspurpur-und-jeansblau-100.html',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -197,7 +199,7 @@ class ZDFIE(ZDFBaseIE):
             'title': 'Alles ist verzaubert',
             'timestamp': 1635520560,
             'upload_date': '20211029',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://www.zdf.de/assets/teaser-funk-alles-ist-verzaubert-100~1920x1080?cb=1636466431799',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://www.zdf.de/assets/teaser-funk-alles-ist-verzaubert-102~1920x1080?cb=1663848412907',
         },
     }, {
         # Same as https://www.phoenix.de/sendungen/dokumentationen/gesten-der-maechtigen-i-a-89468.html?ref=suche
@@ -240,27 +242,38 @@ class ZDFIE(ZDFBaseIE):
             'title': 'Das Geld anderer Leute',
             'description': 'md5:cb6f660850dc5eb7d1ab776ea094959d',
             'duration': 2581.0,
-            'timestamp': 1654790700,
-            'upload_date': '20220609',
+            'timestamp': 1675160100,
+            'upload_date': '20230131',
             'thumbnail': 'https://epg-image.zdf.de/fotobase-webdelivery/images/e2d7e55a-09f0-424e-ac73-6cac4dd65f35?layout=2400x1350',
         },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.zdf.de/dokumentation/terra-x/unser-gruener-planet-wuesten-doku-100.html',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '220605_dk_gruener_planet_wuesten_tex',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Unser grüner Planet - Wüsten',
+            'description': 'md5:4fc647b6f9c3796eea66f4a0baea2862',
+            'duration': 2613.0,
+            'timestamp': 1654450200,
+            'upload_date': '20220605',
+            'format_note': 'uhd, main',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://www.zdf.de/assets/saguaro-kakteen-102~3840x2160?cb=1655910690796',
+        },
     }]
 
     def _extract_entry(self, url, player, content, video_id):
         title = content.get('title') or content['teaserHeadline']
 
         t = content['mainVideoContent']['http://zdf.de/rels/target']
-
-        ptmd_path = t.get('http://zdf.de/rels/streams/ptmd')
-
+        ptmd_path = traverse_obj(t, (
+            (('streams', 'default'), None),
+            ('http://zdf.de/rels/streams/ptmd', 'http://zdf.de/rels/streams/ptmd-template')
+        ), get_all=False)
         if not ptmd_path:
-            ptmd_path = traverse_obj(
-                t, ('streams', 'default', 'http://zdf.de/rels/streams/ptmd-template'),
-                'http://zdf.de/rels/streams/ptmd-template').replace(
-                '{playerId}', 'ngplayer_2_4')
+            raise ExtractorError('Could not extract ptmd_path')
 
         info = self._extract_ptmd(
-            urljoin(url, ptmd_path), video_id, player['apiToken'], url)
+            urljoin(url, ptmd_path.replace('{playerId}', 'android_native_5')), video_id, player['apiToken'], url)
 
         thumbnails = []
         layouts = try_get(
@@ -309,16 +322,16 @@ class ZDFIE(ZDFBaseIE):
             'https://zdf-cdn.live.cellular.de/mediathekV2/document/%s' % video_id,
             video_id)
 
-        document = video['document']
-
-        title = document['titel']
-        content_id = document['basename']
-
         formats = []
-        format_urls = set()
-        for f in document['formitaeten']:
-            self._extract_format(content_id, formats, format_urls, f)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
+        formitaeten = try_get(video, lambda x: x['document']['formitaeten'], list)
+        document = formitaeten and video['document']
+        if formitaeten:
+            title = document['titel']
+            content_id = document['basename']
+
+            format_urls = set()
+            for f in formitaeten or []:
+                self._extract_format(content_id, formats, format_urls, f)
 
         thumbnails = []
         teaser_bild = document.get('teaserBild')
@@ -364,9 +377,9 @@ class ZDFChannelIE(ZDFBaseIE):
         'url': 'https://www.zdf.de/sport/das-aktuelle-sportstudio',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'das-aktuelle-sportstudio',
-            'title': 'das aktuelle sportstudio | ZDF',
+            'title': 'das aktuelle sportstudio',
         },
-        'playlist_mincount': 23,
+        'playlist_mincount': 18,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.zdf.de/dokumentation/planet-e',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -374,6 +387,14 @@ class ZDFChannelIE(ZDFBaseIE):
             'title': 'planet e.',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 50,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.zdf.de/gesellschaft/aktenzeichen-xy-ungeloest',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'aktenzeichen-xy-ungeloest',
+            'title': 'Aktenzeichen XY... ungelöst',
+            'entries': "lambda x: not any('xy580-fall1-kindermoerder-gesucht-100' in e['url'] for e in x)",
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 2,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.zdf.de/filme/taunuskrimi/',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -383,60 +404,36 @@ class ZDFChannelIE(ZDFBaseIE):
     def suitable(cls, url):
         return False if ZDFIE.suitable(url) else super(ZDFChannelIE, cls).suitable(url)
 
+    def _og_search_title(self, webpage, fatal=False):
+        title = super(ZDFChannelIE, self)._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=fatal)
+        return re.split(r'\s+[-|]\s+ZDF(?:mediathek)?$', title or '')[0] or None
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
 
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id)
 
-        entries = [
-            self.url_result(item_url, ie=ZDFIE.ie_key())
-            for item_url in orderedSet(re.findall(
-                r'data-plusbar-url=["\'](http.+?\.html)', webpage))]
+        matches = re.finditer(
+            r'''<div\b[^>]*?\sdata-plusbar-id\s*=\s*(["'])(?P<p_id>[\w-]+)\1[^>]*?\sdata-plusbar-url=\1(?P<url>%s)\1''' % ZDFIE._VALID_URL,
+            webpage)
 
-        return self.playlist_result(
-            entries, channel_id, self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False))
+        if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist', False):
+            entry = next(
+                (self.url_result(m.group('url'), ie=ZDFIE.ie_key()) for m in matches),
+                None)
+            self.to_screen('Downloading just the main video because of --no-playlist')
+            if entry:
+                return entry
+        else:
+            self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to download just the main video' % (channel_id, ))
 
-        r"""
-        player = self._extract_player(webpage, channel_id)
+        def check_video(m):
+            v_ref = self._search_regex(
+                r'''(<a\b[^>]*?\shref\s*=[^>]+?\sdata-target-id\s*=\s*(["'])%s\2[^>]*>)''' % (m.group('p_id'), ),
+                webpage, 'check id', default='')
+            v_ref = extract_attributes(v_ref)
+            return v_ref.get('data-target-video-type') != 'novideo'
 
-        channel_id = self._search_regex(
-            r'docId\s*:\s*(["\'])(?P<id>(?!\1).+?)\1', webpage,
-            'channel id', group='id')
-
-        channel = self._call_api(
-            'https://api.zdf.de/content/documents/%s.json' % channel_id,
-            player, url, channel_id)
-
-        items = []
-        for module in channel['module']:
-            for teaser in try_get(module, lambda x: x['teaser'], list) or []:
-                t = try_get(
-                    teaser, lambda x: x['http://zdf.de/rels/target'], dict)
-                if not t:
-                    continue
-                items.extend(try_get(
-                    t,
-                    lambda x: x['resultsWithVideo']['http://zdf.de/rels/search/results'],
-                    list) or [])
-            items.extend(try_get(
-                module,
-                lambda x: x['filterRef']['resultsWithVideo']['http://zdf.de/rels/search/results'],
-                list) or [])
-
-        entries = []
-        entry_urls = set()
-        for item in items:
-            t = try_get(item, lambda x: x['http://zdf.de/rels/target'], dict)
-            if not t:
-                continue
-            sharing_url = t.get('http://zdf.de/rels/sharing-url')
-            if not sharing_url or not isinstance(sharing_url, compat_str):
-                continue
-            if sharing_url in entry_urls:
-                continue
-            entry_urls.add(sharing_url)
-            entries.append(self.url_result(
-                sharing_url, ie=ZDFIE.ie_key(), video_id=t.get('id')))
-
-        return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id, channel.get('title'))
-        """
+        return self.playlist_from_matches(
+            (m.group('url') for m in matches if check_video(m)),
+            channel_id, self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/zee5.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/zee5.py
index 29c6d04e69..a64eb9ed0d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/zee5.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/zee5.py
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import json
+import random
+import string
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import compat_str
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ class Zee5IE(InfoExtractor):
                         https?://(?:www\.)?zee5\.com/(?:[^#?]+/)?
                         (?:
                             (?:tv-shows|kids|web-series|zee5originals)(?:/[^#/?]+){3}
-                            |movies/[^#/?]+
+                            |(?:movies|kids|videos|news|music-videos)/(?!kids-shows)[^#/?]+
                         )/(?P<display_id>[^#/?]+)/
                      )
                      (?P<id>[^#/?]+)/?(?:$|[?#])
@@ -82,9 +84,18 @@ class Zee5IE(InfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.zee5.com/web-series/details/mithya/0-6-4z587408/maine-dekhi-hai-uski-mrityu/0-1-6z587412',
         'only_matching': True
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.zee5.com/kids/kids-movies/maya-bommalu/0-0-movie_1040370005',
+        'only_matching': True
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.zee5.com/news/details/jana-sena-chief-pawan-kalyan-shows-slippers-to-ysrcp-leaders/0-0-newsauto_6ettj4242oo0',
+        'only_matching': True
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.zee5.com/music-videos/details/adhento-gaani-vunnapaatuga-jersey-nani-shraddha-srinath/0-0-56973',
+        'only_matching': True
     }]
     _DETAIL_API_URL = 'https://spapi.zee5.com/singlePlayback/getDetails/secure?content_id={}&device_id={}&platform_name=desktop_web&country=IN&check_parental_control=false'
-    _DEVICE_ID = '1q70TH8Wz0wTyw4buVgg000000000000'
+    _DEVICE_ID = ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_letters + string.digits, k=20)).ljust(32, '0')
     _USER_TOKEN = None
     _LOGIN_HINT = 'Use "--username <mobile_number>" to login using otp or "--username token" and "--password <user_token>" to login using user token.'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'zee5'
@@ -135,7 +146,6 @@ class Zee5IE(InfoExtractor):
         if not asset_data.get('hls_url'):
             self.raise_login_required(self._LOGIN_HINT, metadata_available=True, method=None)
         formats, m3u8_subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(asset_data['hls_url'], video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         subtitles = {}
         for sub in asset_data.get('subtitle_url', []):
@@ -174,7 +184,7 @@ class Zee5SeriesIE(InfoExtractor):
                      (?:
                         zee5:series:|
                         https?://(?:www\.)?zee5\.com/(?:[^#?]+/)?
-                        (?:tv-shows|web-series|kids|zee5originals)(?:/[^#/?]+){2}/
+                        (?:tv-shows|web-series|kids|zee5originals)/(?!kids-movies)(?:[^#/?]+/){2}
                      )
                      (?P<id>[^#/?]+)(?:/episodes)?/?(?:$|[?#])
                      '''
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/zeenews.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/zeenews.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1616dbfbf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/zeenews.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import ExtractorError, traverse_obj
+
+
+class ZeeNewsIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://zeenews\.india\.com/[^#?]+/video/(?P<display_id>[^#/?]+)/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [
+        {
+            'url': 'https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/delhi-ncr-haryana/delhi-ncr/video/greater-noida-video-viral-on-social-media-attackers-beat-businessman-and-his-son-oppose-market-closed-atdnh/1402138',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '1402138',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Greater Noida Video: हमलावरों ने दिनदहाड़े दुकान में घुसकर की मारपीट, देखें वीडियो',
+                'display_id': 'greater-noida-video-viral-on-social-media-attackers-beat-businessman-and-his-son-oppose-market-closed-atdnh',
+                'upload_date': '20221019',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg*',
+                'timestamp': 1666174501,
+                'view_count': int,
+                'duration': 97,
+                'description': 'ग्रेटर नोएडा जारचा थाना क्षेत्र के प्याबली में दिनदहाड़े दुकान में घुसकर अज्ञात हमलावरों ने हमला कर',
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/video/videsh-superfast-queen-elizabeth-iis-funeral-today/1357710',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '1357710',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Videsh Superfast: महारानी के अंतिम संस्कार की तैयारी शुरू',
+                'display_id': 'videsh-superfast-queen-elizabeth-iis-funeral-today',
+                'upload_date': '20220919',
+                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg*',
+                'timestamp': 1663556881,
+                'view_count': int,
+                'duration': 133,
+                'description': 'सेगमेंट विदेश सुपराफास्ट में देखिए देश और दुनिया की सभी बड़ी खबरें, वो भी हर खबर फटाफट अंदाज में.',
+            }
+        }
+    ]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        content_id, display_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'display_id')
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, content_id)
+        json_ld_list = list(self._yield_json_ld(webpage, display_id))
+
+        embed_url = traverse_obj(
+            json_ld_list, (lambda _, v: v['@type'] == 'VideoObject', 'embedUrl'), get_all=False)
+        if not embed_url:
+            raise ExtractorError('No video found', expected=True)
+
+        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(embed_url, content_id, 'mp4')
+
+        return {
+            **self._json_ld(json_ld_list, display_id),
+            'id': content_id,
+            'display_id': display_id,
+            'formats': formats,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/zhihu.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/zhihu.py
index d8d259dd69..c24b33874c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/zhihu.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/zhihu.py
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ class ZhihuIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'url': play_url,
                 'width': int_or_none(q.get('width')),
             })
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         author = zvideo.get('author') or {}
         url_token = author.get('url_token')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/zingmp3.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/zingmp3.py
index 8b2d842ff4..a818c9fa9d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/zingmp3.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/zingmp3.py
@@ -168,7 +168,6 @@ class ZingMp3IE(ZingMp3BaseIE):
 
         if not formats and item.get('msg') == 'Sorry, this content is not available in your country.':
             self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=self._GEO_COUNTRIES, metadata_available=True)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         lyric = item.get('lyric') or self._call_api('lyric', {'id': item_id}, fatal=False).get('file')
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/zoom.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/zoom.py
index a455f8c04a..ef8b71522c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/zoom.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/zoom.py
@@ -86,8 +86,6 @@ class ZoomIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'preference': -1
             })
 
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
-
         return {
             'id': play_id,
             'title': data.get('topic'),
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/zype.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/zype.py
index a705149e62..8cf994505a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/zype.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/zype.py
@@ -97,7 +97,6 @@ class ZypeIE(InfoExtractor):
             if text_tracks:
                 text_tracks = self._parse_json(
                     text_tracks, video_id, js_to_json, False)
-        self._sort_formats(formats)
 
         if text_tracks:
             for text_track in text_tracks:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/jsinterp.py b/yt_dlp/jsinterp.py
index 4caad6f743..db65260091 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/jsinterp.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/jsinterp.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import re
 from .utils import (
     NO_DEFAULT,
     ExtractorError,
+    function_with_repr,
     js_to_json,
     remove_quotes,
     truncate_string,
@@ -184,7 +185,8 @@ class Debugger:
                     cls.write('=> Raises:', e, '<-|', stmt, level=allow_recursion)
                 raise
             if cls.ENABLED and stmt.strip():
-                cls.write(['->', '=>'][should_ret], repr(ret), '<-|', stmt, level=allow_recursion)
+                if should_ret or not repr(ret) == stmt:
+                    cls.write(['->', '=>'][should_ret], repr(ret), '<-|', stmt, level=allow_recursion)
             return ret, should_ret
         return interpret_statement
 
@@ -205,8 +207,6 @@ class JSInterpreter:
         'y': 4096,  # Perform a "sticky" search that matches starting at the current position in the target string
     }
 
-    _EXC_NAME = '__yt_dlp_exception__'
-
     def __init__(self, code, objects=None):
         self.code, self._functions = code, {}
         self._objects = {} if objects is None else objects
@@ -220,6 +220,8 @@ class JSInterpreter:
     def _named_object(self, namespace, obj):
         self.__named_object_counter += 1
         name = f'__yt_dlp_jsinterp_obj{self.__named_object_counter}'
+        if callable(obj) and not isinstance(obj, function_with_repr):
+            obj = function_with_repr(obj, f'F<{self.__named_object_counter}>')
         namespace[name] = obj
         return name
 
@@ -236,7 +238,7 @@ class JSInterpreter:
 
     @staticmethod
     def _separate(expr, delim=',', max_split=None):
-        OP_CHARS = '+-*/%&|^=<>!,;{}:'
+        OP_CHARS = '+-*/%&|^=<>!,;{}:['
         if not expr:
             return
         counters = {k: 0 for k in _MATCHING_PARENS.values()}
@@ -246,7 +248,9 @@ class JSInterpreter:
             if not in_quote and char in _MATCHING_PARENS:
                 counters[_MATCHING_PARENS[char]] += 1
             elif not in_quote and char in counters:
-                counters[char] -= 1
+                # Something's wrong if we get negative, but ignore it anyway
+                if counters[char]:
+                    counters[char] -= 1
             elif not escaping:
                 if char in _QUOTES and in_quote in (char, None):
                     if in_quote or after_op or char != '/':
@@ -341,7 +345,8 @@ class JSInterpreter:
             inner, outer = self._separate(expr, expr[0], 1)
             if expr[0] == '/':
                 flags, outer = self._regex_flags(outer)
-                inner = re.compile(inner[1:], flags=flags)
+                # Avoid https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/74534
+                inner = re.compile(inner[1:].replace('[[', r'[\['), flags=flags)
             else:
                 inner = json.loads(js_to_json(f'{inner}{expr[0]}', strict=True))
             if not outer:
@@ -352,11 +357,11 @@ class JSInterpreter:
             obj = expr[4:]
             if obj.startswith('Date('):
                 left, right = self._separate_at_paren(obj[4:])
-                expr = unified_timestamp(
+                date = unified_timestamp(
                     self.interpret_expression(left, local_vars, allow_recursion), False)
-                if not expr:
+                if date is None:
                     raise self.Exception(f'Failed to parse date {left!r}', expr)
-                expr = self._dump(int(expr * 1000), local_vars) + right
+                expr = self._dump(int(date * 1000), local_vars) + right
             else:
                 raise self.Exception(f'Unsupported object {obj}', expr)
 
@@ -400,10 +405,25 @@ class JSInterpreter:
 
         m = re.match(r'''(?x)
                 (?P<try>try)\s*\{|
+                (?P<if>if)\s*\(|
                 (?P<switch>switch)\s*\(|
                 (?P<for>for)\s*\(
                 ''', expr)
         md = m.groupdict() if m else {}
+        if md.get('if'):
+            cndn, expr = self._separate_at_paren(expr[m.end() - 1:])
+            if_expr, expr = self._separate_at_paren(expr.lstrip())
+            # TODO: "else if" is not handled
+            else_expr = None
+            m = re.match(r'else\s*{', expr)
+            if m:
+                else_expr, expr = self._separate_at_paren(expr[m.end() - 1:])
+            cndn = _js_ternary(self.interpret_expression(cndn, local_vars, allow_recursion))
+            ret, should_abort = self.interpret_statement(
+                if_expr if cndn else else_expr, local_vars, allow_recursion)
+            if should_abort:
+                return ret, True
+
         if md.get('try'):
             try_expr, expr = self._separate_at_paren(expr[m.end() - 1:])
             err = None
@@ -766,7 +786,8 @@ class JSInterpreter:
             fields)
         for f in fields_m:
             argnames = f.group('args').split(',')
-            obj[remove_quotes(f.group('key'))] = self.build_function(argnames, f.group('code'))
+            name = remove_quotes(f.group('key'))
+            obj[name] = function_with_repr(self.build_function(argnames, f.group('code')), f'F<{name}>')
 
         return obj
 
@@ -788,7 +809,9 @@ class JSInterpreter:
         return [x.strip() for x in func_m.group('args').split(',')], code
 
     def extract_function(self, funcname):
-        return self.extract_function_from_code(*self.extract_function_code(funcname))
+        return function_with_repr(
+            self.extract_function_from_code(*self.extract_function_code(funcname)),
+            f'F<{funcname}>')
 
     def extract_function_from_code(self, argnames, code, *global_stack):
         local_vars = {}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/options.py b/yt_dlp/options.py
index 26392f6193..84aeda7f12 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/options.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/options.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ from .postprocessor import (
     SponsorBlockPP,
 )
 from .postprocessor.modify_chapters import DEFAULT_SPONSORBLOCK_CHAPTER_TITLE
-from .update import detect_variant, is_non_updateable
+from .update import UPDATE_SOURCES, detect_variant, is_non_updateable
 from .utils import (
     OUTTMPL_TYPES,
     POSTPROCESS_WHEN,
@@ -29,80 +29,66 @@ from .utils import (
     expand_path,
     format_field,
     get_executable_path,
+    get_system_config_dirs,
+    get_user_config_dirs,
     join_nonempty,
     orderedSet_from_options,
     remove_end,
     write_string,
 )
-from .version import __version__
+from .version import CHANNEL, __version__
 
 
 def parseOpts(overrideArguments=None, ignore_config_files='if_override'):
+    PACKAGE_NAME = 'yt-dlp'
+
     root = Config(create_parser())
     if ignore_config_files == 'if_override':
         ignore_config_files = overrideArguments is not None
 
-    def _readUserConf(package_name, default=[]):
-        # .config
-        xdg_config_home = os.getenv('XDG_CONFIG_HOME') or compat_expanduser('~/.config')
-        userConfFile = os.path.join(xdg_config_home, package_name, 'config')
-        if not os.path.isfile(userConfFile):
-            userConfFile = os.path.join(xdg_config_home, '%s.conf' % package_name)
-        userConf = Config.read_file(userConfFile, default=None)
-        if userConf is not None:
-            return userConf, userConfFile
+    def read_config(*paths):
+        path = os.path.join(*paths)
+        conf = Config.read_file(path, default=None)
+        if conf is not None:
+            return conf, path
 
-        # appdata
-        appdata_dir = os.getenv('appdata')
-        if appdata_dir:
-            userConfFile = os.path.join(appdata_dir, package_name, 'config')
-            userConf = Config.read_file(userConfFile, default=None)
-            if userConf is None:
-                userConfFile += '.txt'
-                userConf = Config.read_file(userConfFile, default=None)
-        if userConf is not None:
-            return userConf, userConfFile
+    def _load_from_config_dirs(config_dirs):
+        for config_dir in config_dirs:
+            head, tail = os.path.split(config_dir)
+            assert tail == PACKAGE_NAME or config_dir == os.path.join(compat_expanduser('~'), f'.{PACKAGE_NAME}')
 
-        # home
-        userConfFile = os.path.join(compat_expanduser('~'), '%s.conf' % package_name)
-        userConf = Config.read_file(userConfFile, default=None)
-        if userConf is None:
-            userConfFile += '.txt'
-            userConf = Config.read_file(userConfFile, default=None)
-        if userConf is not None:
-            return userConf, userConfFile
+            yield read_config(head, f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.conf')
+            if tail.startswith('.'):  # ~/.PACKAGE_NAME
+                yield read_config(head, f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.conf.txt')
+            yield read_config(config_dir, 'config')
+            yield read_config(config_dir, 'config.txt')
 
-        return default, None
-
-    def add_config(label, path, user=False):
+    def add_config(label, path=None, func=None):
         """ Adds config and returns whether to continue """
         if root.parse_known_args()[0].ignoreconfig:
             return False
-        # Multiple package names can be given here
-        # E.g. ('yt-dlp', 'youtube-dlc', 'youtube-dl') will look for
-        # the configuration file of any of these three packages
-        for package in ('yt-dlp',):
-            if user:
-                args, current_path = _readUserConf(package, default=None)
-            else:
-                current_path = os.path.join(path, '%s.conf' % package)
-                args = Config.read_file(current_path, default=None)
-            if args is not None:
-                root.append_config(args, current_path, label=label)
-                return True
+        elif func:
+            assert path is None
+            args, current_path = next(
+                filter(None, _load_from_config_dirs(func(PACKAGE_NAME))), (None, None))
+        else:
+            current_path = os.path.join(path, 'yt-dlp.conf')
+            args = Config.read_file(current_path, default=None)
+        if args is not None:
+            root.append_config(args, current_path, label=label)
         return True
 
     def load_configs():
         yield not ignore_config_files
         yield add_config('Portable', get_executable_path())
         yield add_config('Home', expand_path(root.parse_known_args()[0].paths.get('home', '')).strip())
-        yield add_config('User', None, user=True)
-        yield add_config('System', '/etc')
+        yield add_config('User', func=get_user_config_dirs)
+        yield add_config('System', func=get_system_config_dirs)
 
     opts = optparse.Values({'verbose': True, 'print_help': False})
     try:
         try:
-            if overrideArguments:
+            if overrideArguments is not None:
                 root.append_config(overrideArguments, label='Override')
             else:
                 root.append_config(sys.argv[1:], label='Command-line')
@@ -277,6 +263,20 @@ def create_parser():
             out_dict[key] = out_dict.get(key, []) + [val] if append else val
         setattr(parser.values, option.dest, out_dict)
 
+    def when_prefix(default):
+        return {
+            'default': {},
+            'type': 'str',
+            'action': 'callback',
+            'callback': _dict_from_options_callback,
+            'callback_kwargs': {
+                'allowed_keys': '|'.join(map(re.escape, POSTPROCESS_WHEN)),
+                'default_key': default,
+                'multiple_keys': False,
+                'append': True,
+            },
+        }
+
     parser = _YoutubeDLOptionParser()
     alias_group = optparse.OptionGroup(parser, 'Aliases')
     Formatter = string.Formatter()
@@ -294,9 +294,10 @@ def create_parser():
 
         aliases = (x if x.startswith('-') else f'--{x}' for x in map(str.strip, aliases.split(',')))
         try:
+            args = [f'ARG{i}' for i in range(nargs)]
             alias_group.add_option(
-                *aliases, help=opts, nargs=nargs, dest=parser.ALIAS_DEST, type='str' if nargs else None,
-                metavar=' '.join(f'ARG{i}' for i in range(nargs)), action='callback',
+                *aliases, nargs=nargs, dest=parser.ALIAS_DEST, type='str' if nargs else None,
+                metavar=' '.join(args), help=opts.format(*args), action='callback',
                 callback=_alias_callback, callback_kwargs={'opts': opts, 'nargs': nargs})
         except Exception as err:
             raise optparse.OptionValueError(f'wrong {opt_str} formatting; {err}')
@@ -325,11 +326,18 @@ def create_parser():
         action='store_true', dest='update_self',
         help=format_field(
             is_non_updateable(), None, 'Check if updates are available. %s',
-            default='Update this program to the latest version'))
+            default=f'Update this program to the latest {CHANNEL} version'))
     general.add_option(
         '--no-update',
         action='store_false', dest='update_self',
         help='Do not check for updates (default)')
+    general.add_option(
+        '--update-to',
+        action='store', dest='update_self', metavar='[CHANNEL]@[TAG]',
+        help=(
+            'Upgrade/downgrade to a specific version. CHANNEL and TAG defaults to '
+            f'"{CHANNEL}" and "latest" respectively if omitted; See "UPDATE" for details. '
+            f'Supported channels: {", ".join(UPDATE_SOURCES)}'))
     general.add_option(
         '-i', '--ignore-errors',
         action='store_true', dest='ignoreerrors',
@@ -442,12 +450,14 @@ def create_parser():
             'allowed_values': {
                 'filename', 'filename-sanitization', 'format-sort', 'abort-on-error', 'format-spec', 'no-playlist-metafiles',
                 'multistreams', 'no-live-chat', 'playlist-index', 'list-formats', 'no-direct-merge',
-                'no-attach-info-json', 'embed-metadata', 'embed-thumbnail-atomicparsley',
-                'seperate-video-versions', 'no-clean-infojson', 'no-keep-subs', 'no-certifi',
+                'no-attach-info-json', 'embed-thumbnail-atomicparsley', 'no-external-downloader-progress',
+                'embed-metadata', 'seperate-video-versions', 'no-clean-infojson', 'no-keep-subs', 'no-certifi',
                 'no-youtube-channel-redirect', 'no-youtube-unavailable-videos', 'no-youtube-prefer-utc-upload-date',
             }, 'aliases': {
                 'youtube-dl': ['all', '-multistreams'],
                 'youtube-dlc': ['all', '-no-youtube-channel-redirect', '-no-live-chat'],
+                '2021': ['2022', 'no-certifi', 'filename-sanitization', 'no-youtube-prefer-utc-upload-date'],
+                '2022': ['no-external-downloader-progress'],
             }
         }, help=(
             'Options that can help keep compatibility with youtube-dl or youtube-dlc '
@@ -492,6 +502,11 @@ def create_parser():
         action='store_const', const='::', dest='source_address',
         help='Make all connections via IPv6',
     )
+    network.add_option(
+        '--enable-file-urls', action='store_true',
+        dest='enable_file_urls', default=False,
+        help='Enable file:// URLs. This is disabled by default for security reasons.'
+    )
 
     geo = optparse.OptionGroup(parser, 'Geo-restriction')
     geo.add_option(
@@ -534,10 +549,10 @@ def create_parser():
         '-I', '--playlist-items',
         dest='playlist_items', metavar='ITEM_SPEC', default=None,
         help=(
-            'Comma separated playlist_index of the videos to download. '
+            'Comma separated playlist_index of the items to download. '
             'You can specify a range using "[START]:[STOP][:STEP]". For backward compatibility, START-STOP is also supported. '
             'Use negative indices to count from the right and negative STEP to download in reverse order. '
-            'E.g. "-I 1:3,7,-5::2" used on a playlist of size 15 will download the videos at index 1,2,3,7,11,13,15'))
+            'E.g. "-I 1:3,7,-5::2" used on a playlist of size 15 will download the items at index 1,2,3,7,11,13,15'))
     selection.add_option(
         '--match-title',
         dest='matchtitle', metavar='REGEX',
@@ -549,17 +564,18 @@ def create_parser():
     selection.add_option(
         '--min-filesize',
         metavar='SIZE', dest='min_filesize', default=None,
-        help='Do not download any videos smaller than SIZE, e.g. 50k or 44.6M')
+        help='Abort download if filesize is smaller than SIZE, e.g. 50k or 44.6M')
     selection.add_option(
         '--max-filesize',
         metavar='SIZE', dest='max_filesize', default=None,
-        help='Do not download any videos larger than SIZE, e.g. 50k or 44.6M')
+        help='Abort download if filesize is larger than SIZE, e.g. 50k or 44.6M')
     selection.add_option(
         '--date',
         metavar='DATE', dest='date', default=None,
         help=(
-            'Download only videos uploaded on this date. The date can be "YYYYMMDD" or in the format '
-            '[now|today|yesterday][-N[day|week|month|year]]. E.g. --date today-2weeks'))
+            'Download only videos uploaded on this date. '
+            'The date can be "YYYYMMDD" or in the format [now|today|yesterday][-N[day|week|month|year]]. '
+            'E.g. "--date today-2weeks" downloads only videos uploaded on the same day two weeks ago'))
     selection.add_option(
         '--datebefore',
         metavar='DATE', dest='datebefore', default=None,
@@ -597,8 +613,16 @@ def create_parser():
             'Use "--match-filter -" to interactively ask whether to download each video'))
     selection.add_option(
         '--no-match-filter',
-        metavar='FILTER', dest='match_filter', action='store_const', const=None,
-        help='Do not use generic video filter (default)')
+        dest='match_filter', action='store_const', const=None,
+        help='Do not use any --match-filter (default)')
+    selection.add_option(
+        '--break-match-filters',
+        metavar='FILTER', dest='breaking_match_filter', action='append',
+        help='Same as "--match-filters" but stops the download process when a video is rejected')
+    selection.add_option(
+        '--no-break-match-filters',
+        dest='breaking_match_filter', action='store_const', const=None,
+        help='Do not use any --break-match-filters (default)')
     selection.add_option(
         '--no-playlist',
         action='store_true', dest='noplaylist', default=False,
@@ -630,11 +654,11 @@ def create_parser():
     selection.add_option(
         '--break-on-reject',
         action='store_true', dest='break_on_reject', default=False,
-        help='Stop the download process when encountering a file that has been filtered out')
+        help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
     selection.add_option(
         '--break-per-input',
         action='store_true', dest='break_per_url', default=False,
-        help='--break-on-existing, --break-on-reject, --max-downloads, and autonumber resets per input URL')
+        help='Alters --max-downloads, --break-on-existing, --break-match-filter, and autonumber to reset per input URL')
     selection.add_option(
         '--no-break-per-input',
         action='store_false', dest='break_per_url',
@@ -874,11 +898,11 @@ def create_parser():
             'This option can be used multiple times to set the sleep for the different retry types, '
             'e.g. --retry-sleep linear=1::2 --retry-sleep fragment:exp=1:20'))
     downloader.add_option(
-        '--skip-unavailable-fragments', '--no-abort-on-unavailable-fragment',
+        '--skip-unavailable-fragments', '--no-abort-on-unavailable-fragments',
         action='store_true', dest='skip_unavailable_fragments', default=True,
-        help='Skip unavailable fragments for DASH, hlsnative and ISM downloads (default) (Alias: --no-abort-on-unavailable-fragment)')
+        help='Skip unavailable fragments for DASH, hlsnative and ISM downloads (default) (Alias: --no-abort-on-unavailable-fragments)')
     downloader.add_option(
-        '--abort-on-unavailable-fragment', '--no-skip-unavailable-fragments',
+        '--abort-on-unavailable-fragments', '--no-skip-unavailable-fragments',
         action='store_false', dest='skip_unavailable_fragments',
         help='Abort download if a fragment is unavailable (Alias: --no-skip-unavailable-fragments)')
     downloader.add_option(
@@ -964,7 +988,7 @@ def create_parser():
             'Download only chapters whose title matches the given regular expression. '
             'Time ranges prefixed by a "*" can also be used in place of chapters to download the specified range. '
             'Needs ffmpeg. This option can be used multiple times to download multiple sections, '
-            'e.g. --download-sections "*10:15-15:00" --download-sections "intro"'))
+            'e.g. --download-sections "*10:15-inf" --download-sections "intro"'))
     downloader.add_option(
         '--downloader', '--external-downloader',
         dest='external_downloader', metavar='[PROTO:]NAME', default={}, type='str',
@@ -1022,7 +1046,7 @@ def create_parser():
         metavar='URL', dest='referer', default=None,
         help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
     workarounds.add_option(
-        '--add-header',
+        '--add-headers',
         metavar='FIELD:VALUE', dest='headers', default={}, type='str',
         action='callback', callback=_dict_from_options_callback,
         callback_kwargs={'multiple_keys': False},
@@ -1085,28 +1109,16 @@ def create_parser():
         help='Do not download the video but write all related files (Alias: --no-download)')
     verbosity.add_option(
         '-O', '--print',
-        metavar='[WHEN:]TEMPLATE', dest='forceprint', default={}, type='str',
-        action='callback', callback=_dict_from_options_callback,
-        callback_kwargs={
-            'allowed_keys': 'video|' + '|'.join(map(re.escape, POSTPROCESS_WHEN)),
-            'default_key': 'video',
-            'multiple_keys': False,
-            'append': True,
-        }, help=(
+        metavar='[WHEN:]TEMPLATE', dest='forceprint', **when_prefix('video'),
+        help=(
             'Field name or output template to print to screen, optionally prefixed with when to print it, separated by a ":". '
-            'Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor, and "video" (default). '
+            'Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor (default: video). '
             'Implies --quiet. Implies --simulate unless --no-simulate or later stages of WHEN are used. '
             'This option can be used multiple times'))
     verbosity.add_option(
         '--print-to-file',
-        metavar='[WHEN:]TEMPLATE FILE', dest='print_to_file', default={}, type='str', nargs=2,
-        action='callback', callback=_dict_from_options_callback,
-        callback_kwargs={
-            'allowed_keys': 'video|' + '|'.join(map(re.escape, POSTPROCESS_WHEN)),
-            'default_key': 'video',
-            'multiple_keys': False,
-            'append': True,
-        }, help=(
+        metavar='[WHEN:]TEMPLATE FILE', dest='print_to_file', nargs=2, **when_prefix('video'),
+        help=(
             'Append given template to the file. The values of WHEN and TEMPLATE are same as that of --print. '
             'FILE uses the same syntax as the output template. This option can be used multiple times'))
     verbosity.add_option(
@@ -1417,7 +1429,9 @@ def create_parser():
         help='Do not load cookies from browser (default)')
     filesystem.add_option(
         '--cache-dir', dest='cachedir', default=None, metavar='DIR',
-        help='Location in the filesystem where yt-dlp can store some downloaded information (such as client ids and signatures) permanently. By default $XDG_CACHE_HOME/yt-dlp or ~/.cache/yt-dlp')
+        help=(
+            'Location in the filesystem where yt-dlp can store some downloaded information '
+            '(such as client ids and signatures) permanently. By default ${XDG_CACHE_HOME}/yt-dlp'))
     filesystem.add_option(
         '--no-cache-dir', action='store_false', dest='cachedir',
         help='Disable filesystem caching')
@@ -1581,14 +1595,16 @@ def create_parser():
         help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
     postproc.add_option(
         '--parse-metadata',
-        metavar='FROM:TO', dest='parse_metadata', action='append',
+        metavar='[WHEN:]FROM:TO', dest='parse_metadata', **when_prefix('pre_process'),
         help=(
-            'Parse additional metadata like title/artist from other fields; '
-            'see "MODIFYING METADATA" for details'))
+            'Parse additional metadata like title/artist from other fields; see "MODIFYING METADATA" for details. '
+            'Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor (default: pre_process)'))
     postproc.add_option(
         '--replace-in-metadata',
-        dest='parse_metadata', metavar='FIELDS REGEX REPLACE', action='append', nargs=3,
-        help='Replace text in a metadata field using the given regex. This option can be used multiple times')
+        dest='parse_metadata', metavar='[WHEN:]FIELDS REGEX REPLACE', nargs=3, **when_prefix('pre_process'),
+        help=(
+            'Replace text in a metadata field using the given regex. This option can be used multiple times. '
+            'Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor (default: pre_process)'))
     postproc.add_option(
         '--xattrs', '--xattr',
         action='store_true', dest='xattrs', default=False,
@@ -1626,19 +1642,13 @@ def create_parser():
         help='Location of the ffmpeg binary; either the path to the binary or its containing directory')
     postproc.add_option(
         '--exec',
-        metavar='[WHEN:]CMD', dest='exec_cmd', default={}, type='str',
-        action='callback', callback=_dict_from_options_callback,
-        callback_kwargs={
-            'allowed_keys': '|'.join(map(re.escape, POSTPROCESS_WHEN)),
-            'default_key': 'after_move',
-            'multiple_keys': False,
-            'append': True,
-        }, help=(
-            'Execute a command, optionally prefixed with when to execute it (after_move if unspecified), separated by a ":". '
-            'Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor. '
+        metavar='[WHEN:]CMD', dest='exec_cmd', **when_prefix('after_move'),
+        help=(
+            'Execute a command, optionally prefixed with when to execute it, separated by a ":". '
+            'Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor (default: after_move). '
             'Same syntax as the output template can be used to pass any field as arguments to the command. '
             'After download, an additional field "filepath" that contains the final path of the downloaded file '
-            'is also available, and if no fields are passed, %(filepath)q is appended to the end of the command. '
+            'is also available, and if no fields are passed, %(filepath,_filename|)q is appended to the end of the command. '
             'This option can be used multiple times'))
     postproc.add_option(
         '--no-exec',
@@ -1711,7 +1721,8 @@ def create_parser():
             'ARGS are a semicolon ";" delimited list of NAME=VALUE. '
             'The "when" argument determines when the postprocessor is invoked. '
             'It can be one of "pre_process" (after video extraction), "after_filter" (after video passes filter), '
-            '"before_dl" (before each video download), "post_process" (after each video download; default), '
+            '"video" (after --format; before --print/--output), "before_dl" (before each video download), '
+            '"post_process" (after each video download; default), '
             '"after_move" (after moving video file to it\'s final locations), '
             '"after_video" (after downloading and processing all formats of a video), '
             'or "playlist" (at end of playlist). '
@@ -1735,7 +1746,7 @@ def create_parser():
         '--sponsorblock-remove', metavar='CATS',
         dest='sponsorblock_remove', default=set(), action='callback', type='str',
         callback=_set_from_options_callback, callback_kwargs={
-            'allowed_values': set(SponsorBlockPP.CATEGORIES.keys()) - set(SponsorBlockPP.POI_CATEGORIES.keys()),
+            'allowed_values': set(SponsorBlockPP.CATEGORIES.keys()) - set(SponsorBlockPP.NON_SKIPPABLE_CATEGORIES.keys()),
             # Note: From https://wiki.sponsor.ajay.app/w/Types:
             # The filler category is very aggressive.
             # It is strongly recommended to not use this in a client by default.
@@ -1745,7 +1756,7 @@ def create_parser():
             'If a category is present in both mark and remove, remove takes precedence. '
             'The syntax and available categories are the same as for --sponsorblock-mark '
             'except that "default" refers to "all,-filler" '
-            f'and {", ".join(SponsorBlockPP.POI_CATEGORIES.keys())} is not available'))
+            f'and {", ".join(SponsorBlockPP.NON_SKIPPABLE_CATEGORIES.keys())} are not available'))
     sponsorblock.add_option(
         '--sponsorblock-chapter-title', metavar='TEMPLATE',
         default=DEFAULT_SPONSORBLOCK_CHAPTER_TITLE, dest='sponsorblock_chapter_title',
@@ -1820,14 +1831,14 @@ def create_parser():
         val.replace(r'\,', ',').strip() for val in re.split(r'(?<!\\),', vals)])
     extractor.add_option(
         '--extractor-args',
-        metavar='KEY:ARGS', dest='extractor_args', default={}, type='str',
+        metavar='IE_KEY:ARGS', dest='extractor_args', default={}, type='str',
         action='callback', callback=_dict_from_options_callback,
         callback_kwargs={
             'multiple_keys': False,
             'process': lambda val: dict(
                 _extractor_arg_parser(*arg.split('=', 1)) for arg in val.split(';'))
         }, help=(
-            'Pass these arguments to the extractor. See "EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS" for details. '
+            'Pass ARGS arguments to the IE_KEY extractor. See "EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS" for details. '
             'You can use this option multiple times to give arguments for different extractors'))
     extractor.add_option(
         '--youtube-include-dash-manifest', '--no-youtube-skip-dash-manifest',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/plugins.py b/yt_dlp/plugins.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6422c7a51d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yt_dlp/plugins.py
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+import contextlib
+import importlib
+import importlib.abc
+import importlib.machinery
+import importlib.util
+import inspect
+import itertools
+import pkgutil
+import sys
+import traceback
+import zipimport
+from pathlib import Path
+from zipfile import ZipFile
+
+from .compat import functools  # isort: split
+from .utils import (
+    get_executable_path,
+    get_system_config_dirs,
+    get_user_config_dirs,
+    orderedSet,
+    write_string,
+)
+
+PACKAGE_NAME = 'yt_dlp_plugins'
+COMPAT_PACKAGE_NAME = 'ytdlp_plugins'
+
+
+class PluginLoader(importlib.abc.Loader):
+    """Dummy loader for virtual namespace packages"""
+
+    def exec_module(self, module):
+        return None
+
+
+@functools.cache
+def dirs_in_zip(archive):
+    try:
+        with ZipFile(archive) as zip_:
+            return set(itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+                Path(file).parents for file in zip_.namelist()))
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        pass
+    except Exception as e:
+        write_string(f'WARNING: Could not read zip file {archive}: {e}\n')
+    return set()
+
+
+class PluginFinder(importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder):
+    """
+    This class provides one or multiple namespace packages.
+    It searches in sys.path and yt-dlp config folders for
+    the existing subdirectories from which the modules can be imported
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *packages):
+        self._zip_content_cache = {}
+        self.packages = set(itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+            itertools.accumulate(name.split('.'), lambda a, b: '.'.join((a, b)))
+            for name in packages))
+
+    def search_locations(self, fullname):
+        candidate_locations = []
+
+        def _get_package_paths(*root_paths, containing_folder='plugins'):
+            for config_dir in orderedSet(map(Path, root_paths), lazy=True):
+                with contextlib.suppress(OSError):
+                    yield from (config_dir / containing_folder).iterdir()
+
+        # Load from yt-dlp config folders
+        candidate_locations.extend(_get_package_paths(
+            *get_user_config_dirs('yt-dlp'),
+            *get_system_config_dirs('yt-dlp'),
+            containing_folder='plugins'))
+
+        # Load from yt-dlp-plugins folders
+        candidate_locations.extend(_get_package_paths(
+            get_executable_path(),
+            *get_user_config_dirs(''),
+            *get_system_config_dirs(''),
+            containing_folder='yt-dlp-plugins'))
+
+        candidate_locations.extend(map(Path, sys.path))  # PYTHONPATH
+        with contextlib.suppress(ValueError):  # Added when running __main__.py directly
+            candidate_locations.remove(Path(__file__).parent)
+
+        parts = Path(*fullname.split('.'))
+        for path in orderedSet(candidate_locations, lazy=True):
+            candidate = path / parts
+            if candidate.is_dir():
+                yield candidate
+            elif path.suffix in ('.zip', '.egg', '.whl') and path.is_file():
+                if parts in dirs_in_zip(path):
+                    yield candidate
+
+    def find_spec(self, fullname, path=None, target=None):
+        if fullname not in self.packages:
+            return None
+
+        search_locations = list(map(str, self.search_locations(fullname)))
+        if not search_locations:
+            return None
+
+        spec = importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec(fullname, PluginLoader(), is_package=True)
+        spec.submodule_search_locations = search_locations
+        return spec
+
+    def invalidate_caches(self):
+        dirs_in_zip.cache_clear()
+        for package in self.packages:
+            if package in sys.modules:
+                del sys.modules[package]
+
+
+def directories():
+    spec = importlib.util.find_spec(PACKAGE_NAME)
+    return spec.submodule_search_locations if spec else []
+
+
+def iter_modules(subpackage):
+    fullname = f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.{subpackage}'
+    with contextlib.suppress(ModuleNotFoundError):
+        pkg = importlib.import_module(fullname)
+        yield from pkgutil.iter_modules(path=pkg.__path__, prefix=f'{fullname}.')
+
+
+def load_module(module, module_name, suffix):
+    return inspect.getmembers(module, lambda obj: (
+        inspect.isclass(obj)
+        and obj.__name__.endswith(suffix)
+        and obj.__module__.startswith(module_name)
+        and not obj.__name__.startswith('_')
+        and obj.__name__ in getattr(module, '__all__', [obj.__name__])))
+
+
+def load_plugins(name, suffix):
+    classes = {}
+
+    for finder, module_name, _ in iter_modules(name):
+        if any(x.startswith('_') for x in module_name.split('.')):
+            continue
+        try:
+            if sys.version_info < (3, 10) and isinstance(finder, zipimport.zipimporter):
+                # zipimporter.load_module() is deprecated in 3.10 and removed in 3.12
+                # The exec_module branch below is the replacement for >= 3.10
+                # See: https://docs.python.org/3/library/zipimport.html#zipimport.zipimporter.exec_module
+                module = finder.load_module(module_name)
+            else:
+                spec = finder.find_spec(module_name)
+                module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+                sys.modules[module_name] = module
+                spec.loader.exec_module(module)
+        except Exception:
+            write_string(f'Error while importing module {module_name!r}\n{traceback.format_exc(limit=-1)}')
+            continue
+        classes.update(load_module(module, module_name, suffix))
+
+    # Compat: old plugin system using __init__.py
+    # Note: plugins imported this way do not show up in directories()
+    # nor are considered part of the yt_dlp_plugins namespace package
+    with contextlib.suppress(FileNotFoundError):
+        spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(
+            name, Path(get_executable_path(), COMPAT_PACKAGE_NAME, name, '__init__.py'))
+        plugins = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+        sys.modules[spec.name] = plugins
+        spec.loader.exec_module(plugins)
+        classes.update(load_module(plugins, spec.name, suffix))
+
+    return classes
+
+
+sys.meta_path.insert(0, PluginFinder(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor', f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.postprocessor'))
+
+__all__ = ['directories', 'load_plugins', 'PACKAGE_NAME', 'COMPAT_PACKAGE_NAME']
diff --git a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/__init__.py b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/__init__.py
index f168be46ad..bfe9df733b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/__init__.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/__init__.py
@@ -33,14 +33,15 @@ from .movefilesafterdownload import MoveFilesAfterDownloadPP
 from .sponskrub import SponSkrubPP
 from .sponsorblock import SponsorBlockPP
 from .xattrpp import XAttrMetadataPP
-from ..utils import load_plugins
+from ..plugins import load_plugins
 
-_PLUGIN_CLASSES = load_plugins('postprocessor', 'PP', globals())
+_PLUGIN_CLASSES = load_plugins('postprocessor', 'PP')
 
 
 def get_postprocessor(key):
     return globals()[key + 'PP']
 
 
+globals().update(_PLUGIN_CLASSES)
 __all__ = [name for name in globals().keys() if name.endswith('PP')]
 __all__.extend(('PostProcessor', 'FFmpegPostProcessor'))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/common.py b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/common.py
index 44feda4278..537792b07f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/common.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/common.py
@@ -195,9 +195,9 @@ class PostProcessor(metaclass=PostProcessorMetaClass):
 
     def _retry_download(self, err, count, retries):
         # While this is not an extractor, it behaves similar to one and
-        # so obey extractor_retries and sleep_interval_requests
+        # so obey extractor_retries and "--retry-sleep extractor"
         RetryManager.report_retry(err, count, retries, info=self.to_screen, warn=self.report_warning,
-                                  sleep_func=self.get_param('sleep_interval_requests'))
+                                  sleep_func=self.get_param('retry_sleep_functions', {}).get('extractor'))
 
     def _download_json(self, url, *, expected_http_errors=(404,)):
         self.write_debug(f'{self.PP_NAME} query: {url}')
diff --git a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/embedthumbnail.py b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/embedthumbnail.py
index 9ae59a7c31..b02d9d499d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/embedthumbnail.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/embedthumbnail.py
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class EmbedThumbnailPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
         if info['ext'] == 'mp3':
             options = [
                 '-c', 'copy', '-map', '0:0', '-map', '1:0', '-write_id3v1', '1', '-id3v2_version', '3',
-                '-metadata:s:v', 'title="Album cover"', '-metadata:s:v', 'comment="Cover (front)"']
+                '-metadata:s:v', 'title="Album cover"', '-metadata:s:v', 'comment=Cover (front)']
 
             self._report_run('ffmpeg', filename)
             self.run_ffmpeg_multiple_files([filename, thumbnail_filename], temp_filename, options)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/ffmpeg.py b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/ffmpeg.py
index 76f9d29c5e..123a95a3a9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/ffmpeg.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/ffmpeg.py
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ EXT_TO_OUT_FORMATS = {
     'ts': 'mpegts',
     'wma': 'asf',
     'wmv': 'asf',
+    'weba': 'webm',
     'vtt': 'webvtt',
 }
 ACODECS = {
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ class FFmpegPostProcessor(PostProcessor):
         path = self._paths.get(prog)
         if path in self._version_cache:
             return self._version_cache[path], self._features_cache.get(path, {})
-        out = _get_exe_version_output(path, ['-bsfs'], to_screen=self.write_debug)
+        out = _get_exe_version_output(path, ['-bsfs'])
         ver = detect_exe_version(out) if out else False
         if ver:
             regexs = [
@@ -407,7 +408,7 @@ class FFmpegPostProcessor(PostProcessor):
         """
         concat_file = f'{out_file}.concat'
         self.write_debug(f'Writing concat spec to {concat_file}')
-        with open(concat_file, 'wt', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+        with open(concat_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
             f.writelines(self._concat_spec(in_files, concat_opts))
 
         out_flags = list(self.stream_copy_opts(ext=determine_ext(out_file)))
@@ -507,8 +508,7 @@ class FFmpegExtractAudioPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
         if acodec != 'copy':
             more_opts = self._quality_args(acodec)
 
-        # not os.path.splitext, since the latter does not work on unicode in all setups
-        temp_path = new_path = f'{path.rpartition(".")[0]}.{extension}'
+        temp_path = new_path = replace_extension(path, extension, information['ext'])
 
         if new_path == path:
             if acodec == 'copy':
@@ -538,7 +538,10 @@ class FFmpegExtractAudioPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
 
 
 class FFmpegVideoConvertorPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
-    SUPPORTED_EXTS = (*MEDIA_EXTENSIONS.common_video, *sorted(MEDIA_EXTENSIONS.common_audio + ('aac', 'vorbis')))
+    SUPPORTED_EXTS = (
+        *sorted((*MEDIA_EXTENSIONS.common_video, 'gif')),
+        *sorted((*MEDIA_EXTENSIONS.common_audio, 'aac', 'vorbis')),
+    )
     FORMAT_RE = create_mapping_re(SUPPORTED_EXTS)
     _ACTION = 'converting'
 
@@ -708,7 +711,7 @@ class FFmpegMetadataPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _get_chapter_opts(chapters, metadata_filename):
-        with open(metadata_filename, 'wt', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+        with open(metadata_filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
             def ffmpeg_escape(text):
                 return re.sub(r'([\\=;#\n])', r'\\\1', text)
 
@@ -978,7 +981,7 @@ class FFmpegSubtitlesConvertorPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
                 with open(dfxp_file, 'rb') as f:
                     srt_data = dfxp2srt(f.read())
 
-                with open(srt_file, 'wt', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                with open(srt_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                     f.write(srt_data)
                 old_file = srt_file
 
@@ -1081,9 +1084,9 @@ class FFmpegThumbnailsConvertorPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _options(target_ext):
+        yield from ('-update', '1')
         if target_ext == 'jpg':
-            return ['-bsf:v', 'mjpeg2jpeg']
-        return []
+            yield from ('-bsf:v', 'mjpeg2jpeg')
 
     def convert_thumbnail(self, thumbnail_filename, target_ext):
         thumbnail_conv_filename = replace_extension(thumbnail_filename, target_ext)
@@ -1092,7 +1095,7 @@ class FFmpegThumbnailsConvertorPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
         _, source_ext = os.path.splitext(thumbnail_filename)
         self.real_run_ffmpeg(
             [(thumbnail_filename, [] if source_ext == '.gif' else ['-f', 'image2', '-pattern_type', 'none'])],
-            [(thumbnail_conv_filename.replace('%', '%%'), self._options(target_ext))])
+            [(thumbnail_conv_filename, self._options(target_ext))])
         return thumbnail_conv_filename
 
     def run(self, info):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/metadataparser.py b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/metadataparser.py
index f574f23300..1d6054294e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/metadataparser.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/metadataparser.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import re
 
 from .common import PostProcessor
-from ..utils import Namespace, filter_dict
+from ..utils import Namespace, filter_dict, function_with_repr
 
 
 class MetadataParserPP(PostProcessor):
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ class MetadataParserPP(PostProcessor):
             f(info)
         return [], info
 
+    @function_with_repr
     def interpretter(self, inp, out):
         def f(info):
             data_to_parse = self._downloader.evaluate_outtmpl(template, info)
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ class MetadataParserPP(PostProcessor):
         out_re = re.compile(self.format_to_regex(out))
         return f
 
+    @function_with_repr
     def replacer(self, field, search, replace):
         def f(info):
             val = info.get(field)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/modify_chapters.py b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/modify_chapters.py
index 6959222c83..a745b4524c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/modify_chapters.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/modify_chapters.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class ModifyChaptersPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
                  *, sponsorblock_chapter_title=DEFAULT_SPONSORBLOCK_CHAPTER_TITLE, force_keyframes=False):
         FFmpegPostProcessor.__init__(self, downloader)
         self._remove_chapters_patterns = set(remove_chapters_patterns or [])
-        self._remove_sponsor_segments = set(remove_sponsor_segments or []) - set(SponsorBlockPP.POI_CATEGORIES.keys())
+        self._remove_sponsor_segments = set(remove_sponsor_segments or []) - set(SponsorBlockPP.NON_SKIPPABLE_CATEGORIES.keys())
         self._ranges_to_remove = set(remove_ranges or [])
         self._sponsorblock_chapter_title = sponsorblock_chapter_title
         self._force_keyframes = force_keyframes
@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@ class ModifyChaptersPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
         info['chapters'], cuts = self._remove_marked_arrange_sponsors(chapters + sponsor_chapters)
         if not cuts:
             return [], info
+        elif not info['chapters']:
+            self.report_warning('You have requested to remove the entire video, which is not possible')
+            return [], info
 
         original_duration, info['duration'] = info.get('duration'), info['chapters'][-1]['end_time']
         if self._duration_mismatch(real_duration, original_duration, 1):
@@ -99,7 +102,7 @@ class ModifyChaptersPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
             'start_time': start,
             'end_time': end,
             'category': 'manually_removed',
-            '_categories': [('manually_removed', start, end)],
+            '_categories': [('manually_removed', start, end, 'Manually removed')],
             'remove': True,
         } for start, end in self._ranges_to_remove)
 
@@ -290,13 +293,12 @@ class ModifyChaptersPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
             c.pop('_was_cut', None)
             cats = c.pop('_categories', None)
             if cats:
-                category = min(cats, key=lambda c: c[2] - c[1])[0]
-                cats = orderedSet(x[0] for x in cats)
+                category, _, _, category_name = min(cats, key=lambda c: c[2] - c[1])
                 c.update({
                     'category': category,
-                    'categories': cats,
-                    'name': SponsorBlockPP.CATEGORIES[category],
-                    'category_names': [SponsorBlockPP.CATEGORIES[c] for c in cats]
+                    'categories': orderedSet(x[0] for x in cats),
+                    'name': category_name,
+                    'category_names': orderedSet(x[3] for x in cats),
                 })
                 c['title'] = self._downloader.evaluate_outtmpl(self._sponsorblock_chapter_title, c.copy())
                 # Merge identically named sponsors.
diff --git a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/movefilesafterdownload.py b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/movefilesafterdownload.py
index 436d132272..23b09248c2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/movefilesafterdownload.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/movefilesafterdownload.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import os
-import shutil
 
 from .common import PostProcessor
+from ..compat import shutil
 from ..utils import (
     PostProcessingError,
     decodeFilename,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/sponsorblock.py b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/sponsorblock.py
index d79ed7ae77..6ba87cd672 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/sponsorblock.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/sponsorblock.py
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ class SponsorBlockPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
     POI_CATEGORIES = {
         'poi_highlight': 'Highlight',
     }
+    NON_SKIPPABLE_CATEGORIES = {
+        **POI_CATEGORIES,
+        'chapter': 'Chapter',
+    }
     CATEGORIES = {
         'sponsor': 'Sponsor',
         'intro': 'Intermission/Intro Animation',
@@ -23,7 +27,7 @@ class SponsorBlockPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
         'filler': 'Filler Tangent',
         'interaction': 'Interaction Reminder',
         'music_offtopic': 'Non-Music Section',
-        **POI_CATEGORIES,
+        **NON_SKIPPABLE_CATEGORIES
     }
 
     def __init__(self, downloader, categories=None, api='https://sponsor.ajay.app'):
@@ -60,7 +64,8 @@ class SponsorBlockPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
             if duration and duration - start_end[1] <= 1:
                 start_end[1] = duration
             # SponsorBlock duration may be absent or it may deviate from the real one.
-            return s['videoDuration'] == 0 or not duration or abs(duration - s['videoDuration']) <= 1
+            diff = abs(duration - s['videoDuration']) if s['videoDuration'] else 0
+            return diff < 1 or (diff < 5 and diff / (start_end[1] - start_end[0]) < 0.05)
 
         duration_match = [s for s in segments if duration_filter(s)]
         if len(duration_match) != len(segments):
@@ -68,17 +73,19 @@ class SponsorBlockPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
 
         def to_chapter(s):
             (start, end), cat = s['segment'], s['category']
+            title = s['description'] if cat == 'chapter' else self.CATEGORIES[cat]
             return {
                 'start_time': start,
                 'end_time': end,
                 'category': cat,
-                'title': self.CATEGORIES[cat],
-                '_categories': [(cat, start, end)]
+                'title': title,
+                'type': s['actionType'],
+                '_categories': [(cat, start, end, title)],
             }
 
         sponsor_chapters = [to_chapter(s) for s in duration_match]
         if not sponsor_chapters:
-            self.to_screen('No segments were found in the SponsorBlock database')
+            self.to_screen('No matching segments were found in the SponsorBlock database')
         else:
             self.to_screen(f'Found {len(sponsor_chapters)} segments in the SponsorBlock database')
         return sponsor_chapters
@@ -89,7 +96,7 @@ class SponsorBlockPP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
         url = f'{self._API_URL}/api/skipSegments/{hash[:4]}?' + urllib.parse.urlencode({
             'service': service,
             'categories': json.dumps(self._categories),
-            'actionTypes': json.dumps(['skip', 'poi'])
+            'actionTypes': json.dumps(['skip', 'poi', 'chapter'])
         })
         for d in self._download_json(url) or []:
             if d['videoID'] == video_id:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/update.py b/yt_dlp/update.py
index 026bc12aa4..5a752d7167 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/update.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/update.py
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import platform
 import re
 import subprocess
 import sys
+import urllib.error
 from zipimport import zipimporter
 
 from .compat import functools  # isort: split
@@ -15,29 +16,46 @@ from .utils import (
     Popen,
     cached_method,
     deprecation_warning,
+    remove_end,
+    remove_start,
+    sanitized_Request,
     shell_quote,
     system_identifier,
-    traverse_obj,
     version_tuple,
 )
-from .version import UPDATE_HINT, VARIANT, __version__
+from .version import CHANNEL, UPDATE_HINT, VARIANT, __version__
 
-REPOSITORY = 'yt-dlp/yt-dlp'
-API_URL = f'https://api.github.com/repos/{REPOSITORY}/releases'
+UPDATE_SOURCES = {
+    'stable': 'yt-dlp/yt-dlp',
+    'nightly': 'yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds',
+}
+REPOSITORY = UPDATE_SOURCES['stable']
+
+_VERSION_RE = re.compile(r'(\d+\.)*\d+')
+
+API_BASE_URL = 'https://api.github.com/repos'
+
+# Backwards compatibility variables for the current channel
+API_URL = f'{API_BASE_URL}/{REPOSITORY}/releases'
 
 
 @functools.cache
 def _get_variant_and_executable_path():
     """@returns (variant, executable_path)"""
-    if hasattr(sys, 'frozen'):
+    if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
         path = sys.executable
         if not hasattr(sys, '_MEIPASS'):
             return 'py2exe', path
-        if sys._MEIPASS == os.path.dirname(path):
+        elif sys._MEIPASS == os.path.dirname(path):
             return f'{sys.platform}_dir', path
-        if sys.platform == 'darwin' and version_tuple(platform.mac_ver()[0]) < (10, 15):
-            return 'darwin_legacy_exe', path
-        return f'{sys.platform}_exe', path
+        elif sys.platform == 'darwin':
+            machine = '_legacy' if version_tuple(platform.mac_ver()[0]) < (10, 15) else ''
+        else:
+            machine = f'_{platform.machine().lower()}'
+            # Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uname#Examples
+            if machine[1:] in ('x86', 'x86_64', 'amd64', 'i386', 'i686'):
+                machine = '_x86' if platform.architecture()[0][:2] == '32' else ''
+        return f'{remove_end(sys.platform, "32")}{machine}_exe', path
 
     path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
     if isinstance(__loader__, zipimporter):
@@ -68,10 +86,13 @@ def current_git_head():
 _FILE_SUFFIXES = {
     'zip': '',
     'py2exe': '_min.exe',
-    'win32_exe': '.exe',
+    'win_exe': '.exe',
+    'win_x86_exe': '_x86.exe',
     'darwin_exe': '_macos',
     'darwin_legacy_exe': '_macos_legacy',
     'linux_exe': '_linux',
+    'linux_aarch64_exe': '_linux_aarch64',
+    'linux_armv7l_exe': '_linux_armv7l',
 }
 
 _NON_UPDATEABLE_REASONS = {
@@ -101,49 +122,99 @@ def _sha256_file(path):
 
 
 class Updater:
-    def __init__(self, ydl):
+    _exact = True
+
+    def __init__(self, ydl, target=None):
         self.ydl = ydl
 
+        self.target_channel, sep, self.target_tag = (target or CHANNEL).rpartition('@')
+        if not sep and self.target_tag in UPDATE_SOURCES:  # stable => stable@latest
+            self.target_channel, self.target_tag = self.target_tag, None
+        elif not self.target_channel:
+            self.target_channel = CHANNEL
+
+        if not self.target_tag:
+            self.target_tag, self._exact = 'latest', False
+        elif self.target_tag != 'latest':
+            self.target_tag = f'tags/{self.target_tag}'
+
+    @property
+    def _target_repo(self):
+        try:
+            return UPDATE_SOURCES[self.target_channel]
+        except KeyError:
+            return self._report_error(
+                f'Invalid update channel {self.target_channel!r} requested. '
+                f'Valid channels are {", ".join(UPDATE_SOURCES)}', True)
+
+    def _version_compare(self, a, b, channel=CHANNEL):
+        if channel != self.target_channel:
+            return False
+
+        if _VERSION_RE.fullmatch(f'{a}.{b}'):
+            a, b = version_tuple(a), version_tuple(b)
+            return a == b if self._exact else a >= b
+        return a == b
+
     @functools.cached_property
     def _tag(self):
-        if version_tuple(__version__) >= version_tuple(self.latest_version):
-            return 'latest'
+        if self._version_compare(self.current_version, self.latest_version):
+            return self.target_tag
 
-        identifier = f'{detect_variant()} {system_identifier()}'
+        identifier = f'{detect_variant()} {self.target_channel} {system_identifier()}'
         for line in self._download('_update_spec', 'latest').decode().splitlines():
             if not line.startswith('lock '):
                 continue
             _, tag, pattern = line.split(' ', 2)
             if re.match(pattern, identifier):
-                return f'tags/{tag}'
-        return 'latest'
+                if not self._exact:
+                    return f'tags/{tag}'
+                elif self.target_tag == 'latest' or not self._version_compare(
+                        tag, self.target_tag[5:], channel=self.target_channel):
+                    self._report_error(
+                        f'yt-dlp cannot be updated above {tag} since you are on an older Python version', True)
+                    return f'tags/{self.current_version}'
+        return self.target_tag
 
     @cached_method
     def _get_version_info(self, tag):
-        self.ydl.write_debug(f'Fetching release info: {API_URL}/{tag}')
-        return json.loads(self.ydl.urlopen(f'{API_URL}/{tag}').read().decode())
+        url = f'{API_BASE_URL}/{self._target_repo}/releases/{tag}'
+        self.ydl.write_debug(f'Fetching release info: {url}')
+        return json.loads(self.ydl.urlopen(sanitized_Request(url, headers={
+            'Accept': 'application/vnd.github+json',
+            'User-Agent': 'yt-dlp',
+            'X-GitHub-Api-Version': '2022-11-28',
+        })).read().decode())
 
     @property
     def current_version(self):
         """Current version"""
         return __version__
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _label(channel, tag):
+        """Label for a given channel and tag"""
+        return f'{channel}@{remove_start(tag, "tags/")}'
+
+    def _get_actual_tag(self, tag):
+        if tag.startswith('tags/'):
+            return tag[5:]
+        return self._get_version_info(tag)['tag_name']
+
     @property
     def new_version(self):
         """Version of the latest release we can update to"""
-        if self._tag.startswith('tags/'):
-            return self._tag[5:]
-        return self._get_version_info(self._tag)['tag_name']
+        return self._get_actual_tag(self._tag)
 
     @property
     def latest_version(self):
-        """Version of the latest release"""
-        return self._get_version_info('latest')['tag_name']
+        """Version of the target release"""
+        return self._get_actual_tag(self.target_tag)
 
     @property
     def has_update(self):
         """Whether there is an update available"""
-        return version_tuple(__version__) < version_tuple(self.new_version)
+        return not self._version_compare(self.current_version, self.new_version)
 
     @functools.cached_property
     def filename(self):
@@ -151,20 +222,15 @@ class Updater:
         return compat_realpath(_get_variant_and_executable_path()[1])
 
     def _download(self, name, tag):
-        url = traverse_obj(self._get_version_info(tag), (
-            'assets', lambda _, v: v['name'] == name, 'browser_download_url'), get_all=False)
-        if not url:
-            raise Exception('Unable to find download URL')
+        slug = 'latest/download' if tag == 'latest' else f'download/{tag[5:]}'
+        url = f'https://github.com/{self._target_repo}/releases/{slug}/{name}'
         self.ydl.write_debug(f'Downloading {name} from {url}')
         return self.ydl.urlopen(url).read()
 
     @functools.cached_property
     def release_name(self):
         """The release filename"""
-        label = _FILE_SUFFIXES[detect_variant()]
-        if label and platform.architecture()[0][:2] == '32':
-            label = f'_x86{label}'
-        return f'yt-dlp{label}'
+        return f'yt-dlp{_FILE_SUFFIXES[detect_variant()]}'
 
     @functools.cached_property
     def release_hash(self):
@@ -174,29 +240,38 @@ class Updater:
 
     def _report_error(self, msg, expected=False):
         self.ydl.report_error(msg, tb=False if expected else None)
+        self.ydl._download_retcode = 100
 
     def _report_permission_error(self, file):
         self._report_error(f'Unable to write to {file}; Try running as administrator', True)
 
     def _report_network_error(self, action, delim=';'):
-        self._report_error(f'Unable to {action}{delim} Visit  https://github.com/{REPOSITORY}/releases/latest', True)
+        self._report_error(
+            f'Unable to {action}{delim} visit  '
+            f'https://github.com/{self._target_repo}/releases/{self.target_tag.replace("tags/", "tag/")}', True)
 
     def check_update(self):
         """Report whether there is an update available"""
+        if not self._target_repo:
+            return False
         try:
-            self.ydl.to_screen(
-                f'Latest version: {self.latest_version}, Current version: {self.current_version}')
-            if not self.has_update:
-                if self._tag == 'latest':
-                    return self.ydl.to_screen(f'yt-dlp is up to date ({__version__})')
-                return self.ydl.report_warning(
-                    'yt-dlp cannot be updated any further since you are on an older Python version')
+            self.ydl.to_screen((
+                f'Available version: {self._label(self.target_channel, self.latest_version)}, ' if self.target_tag == 'latest' else ''
+            ) + f'Current version: {self._label(CHANNEL, self.current_version)}')
         except Exception:
             return self._report_network_error('obtain version info', delim='; Please try again later or')
 
         if not is_non_updateable():
-            self.ydl.to_screen(f'Current Build Hash {_sha256_file(self.filename)}')
-        return True
+            self.ydl.to_screen(f'Current Build Hash: {_sha256_file(self.filename)}')
+
+        if self.has_update:
+            return True
+
+        if self.target_tag == self._tag:
+            self.ydl.to_screen(f'yt-dlp is up to date ({self._label(CHANNEL, self.current_version)})')
+        elif not self._exact:
+            self.ydl.report_warning('yt-dlp cannot be updated any further since you are on an older Python version')
+        return False
 
     def update(self):
         """Update yt-dlp executable to the latest version"""
@@ -205,7 +280,10 @@ class Updater:
         err = is_non_updateable()
         if err:
             return self._report_error(err, True)
-        self.ydl.to_screen(f'Updating to version {self.new_version} ...')
+        self.ydl.to_screen(f'Updating to {self._label(self.target_channel, self.new_version)} ...')
+        if (_VERSION_RE.fullmatch(self.target_tag[5:])
+                and version_tuple(self.target_tag[5:]) < (2023, 3, 2)):
+            self.ydl.report_warning('You are downgrading to a version without --update-to')
 
         directory = os.path.dirname(self.filename)
         if not os.access(self.filename, os.W_OK):
@@ -225,10 +303,11 @@ class Updater:
 
         try:
             newcontent = self._download(self.release_name, self._tag)
-        except OSError:
-            return self._report_network_error('download latest version')
-        except Exception:
-            return self._report_network_error('fetch updates')
+        except Exception as e:
+            if isinstance(e, urllib.error.HTTPError) and e.code == 404:
+                return self._report_error(
+                    f'The requested tag {self._label(self.target_channel, self.target_tag)} does not exist', True)
+            return self._report_network_error(f'fetch updates: {e}')
 
         try:
             expected_hash = self.release_hash
@@ -257,7 +336,8 @@ class Updater:
                 self._report_error('Unable to overwrite current version')
                 return os.rename(old_filename, self.filename)
 
-        if detect_variant() in ('win32_exe', 'py2exe'):
+        variant = detect_variant()
+        if variant.startswith('win') or variant == 'py2exe':
             atexit.register(Popen, f'ping 127.0.0.1 -n 5 -w 1000 & del /F "{old_filename}"',
                             shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
         elif old_filename:
@@ -272,7 +352,7 @@ class Updater:
                 return self._report_error(
                     f'Unable to set permissions. Run: sudo chmod a+rx {compat_shlex_quote(self.filename)}')
 
-        self.ydl.to_screen(f'Updated yt-dlp to version {self.new_version}')
+        self.ydl.to_screen(f'Updated yt-dlp to {self._label(self.target_channel, self.new_version)}')
         return True
 
     @functools.cached_property
@@ -281,7 +361,7 @@ class Updater:
         # There is no sys.orig_argv in py < 3.10. Also, it can be [] when frozen
         if getattr(sys, 'orig_argv', None):
             return sys.orig_argv
-        elif hasattr(sys, 'frozen'):
+        elif getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
             return sys.argv
 
     def restart(self):
@@ -338,3 +418,6 @@ def update_self(to_screen, verbose, opener):
             return opener.open(url)
 
     return run_update(FakeYDL())
+
+
+__all__ = ['Updater']
diff --git a/yt_dlp/utils.py b/yt_dlp/utils.py
index 25910ed6c7..8c2c5593cc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/utils.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/utils.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import binascii
 import calendar
 import codecs
 import collections
+import collections.abc
 import contextlib
 import datetime
 import email.header
@@ -17,7 +18,6 @@ import html.entities
 import html.parser
 import http.client
 import http.cookiejar
-import importlib.util
 import inspect
 import io
 import itertools
@@ -148,6 +148,11 @@ MONTH_NAMES = {
     'fr': [
         'janvier', 'février', 'mars', 'avril', 'mai', 'juin',
         'juillet', 'août', 'septembre', 'octobre', 'novembre', 'décembre'],
+    # these follow the genitive grammatical case (dopełniacz)
+    # some websites might be using nominative, which will require another month list
+    # https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Polish/Noun_cases
+    'pl': ['stycznia', 'lutego', 'marca', 'kwietnia', 'maja', 'czerwca',
+           'lipca', 'sierpnia', 'września', 'października', 'listopada', 'grudnia'],
 }
 
 # From https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.11/Lib/email/_parseaddr.py#L36-L42
@@ -231,7 +236,7 @@ DATE_FORMATS_MONTH_FIRST.extend([
 ])
 
 PACKED_CODES_RE = r"}\('(.+)',(\d+),(\d+),'([^']+)'\.split\('\|'\)"
-JSON_LD_RE = r'(?is)<script[^>]+type=(["\']?)application/ld\+json\1[^>]*>\s*(?P<json_ld>{.+?})\s*</script>'
+JSON_LD_RE = r'(?is)<script[^>]+type=(["\']?)application/ld\+json\1[^>]*>\s*(?P<json_ld>{.+?}|\[.+?\])\s*</script>'
 
 NUMBER_RE = r'\d+(?:\.\d+)?'
 
@@ -407,18 +412,20 @@ def get_elements_html_by_attribute(*args, **kwargs):
     return [whole for _, whole in get_elements_text_and_html_by_attribute(*args, **kwargs)]
 
 
-def get_elements_text_and_html_by_attribute(attribute, value, html, escape_value=True):
+def get_elements_text_and_html_by_attribute(attribute, value, html, *, tag=r'[\w:.-]+', escape_value=True):
     """
     Return the text (content) and the html (whole) of the tag with the specified
     attribute in the passed HTML document
     """
+    if not value:
+        return
 
     quote = '' if re.match(r'''[\s"'`=<>]''', value) else '?'
 
     value = re.escape(value) if escape_value else value
 
     partial_element_re = rf'''(?x)
-        <(?P<tag>[a-zA-Z0-9:._-]+)
+        <(?P<tag>{tag})
          (?:\s(?:[^>"']|"[^"]*"|'[^']*')*)?
          \s{re.escape(attribute)}\s*=\s*(?P<_q>['"]{quote})(?-x:{value})(?P=_q)
         '''
@@ -474,6 +481,7 @@ class HTMLBreakOnClosingTagParser(html.parser.HTMLParser):
             raise self.HTMLBreakOnClosingTagException()
 
 
+# XXX: This should be far less strict
 def get_element_text_and_html_by_tag(tag, html):
     """
     For the first element with the specified tag in the passed HTML document
@@ -518,6 +526,7 @@ class HTMLAttributeParser(html.parser.HTMLParser):
 
     def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
         self.attrs = dict(attrs)
+        raise compat_HTMLParseError('done')
 
 
 class HTMLListAttrsParser(html.parser.HTMLParser):
@@ -584,16 +593,43 @@ def clean_html(html):
 
 
 class LenientJSONDecoder(json.JSONDecoder):
-    def __init__(self, *args, transform_source=None, ignore_extra=False, **kwargs):
+    # TODO: Write tests
+    def __init__(self, *args, transform_source=None, ignore_extra=False, close_objects=0, **kwargs):
         self.transform_source, self.ignore_extra = transform_source, ignore_extra
+        self._close_attempts = 2 * close_objects
         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _close_object(err):
+        doc = err.doc[:err.pos]
+        # We need to add comma first to get the correct error message
+        if err.msg.startswith('Expecting \',\''):
+            return doc + ','
+        elif not doc.endswith(','):
+            return
+
+        if err.msg.startswith('Expecting property name'):
+            return doc[:-1] + '}'
+        elif err.msg.startswith('Expecting value'):
+            return doc[:-1] + ']'
+
     def decode(self, s):
         if self.transform_source:
             s = self.transform_source(s)
-        if self.ignore_extra:
-            return self.raw_decode(s.lstrip())[0]
-        return super().decode(s)
+        for attempt in range(self._close_attempts + 1):
+            try:
+                if self.ignore_extra:
+                    return self.raw_decode(s.lstrip())[0]
+                return super().decode(s)
+            except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
+                if e.pos is None:
+                    raise
+                elif attempt < self._close_attempts:
+                    s = self._close_object(e)
+                    if s is not None:
+                        continue
+                raise type(e)(f'{e.msg} in {s[e.pos-10:e.pos+10]!r}', s, e.pos)
+        assert False, 'Too many attempts to decode JSON'
 
 
 def sanitize_open(filename, open_mode):
@@ -673,7 +709,8 @@ def sanitize_filename(s, restricted=False, is_id=NO_DEFAULT):
             return '\0_'
         return char
 
-    if restricted and is_id is NO_DEFAULT:
+    # Replace look-alike Unicode glyphs
+    if restricted and (is_id is NO_DEFAULT or not is_id):
         s = unicodedata.normalize('NFKC', s)
     s = re.sub(r'[0-9]+(?::[0-9]+)+', lambda m: m.group(0).replace(':', '_'), s)  # Handle timestamps
     result = ''.join(map(replace_insane, s))
@@ -864,6 +901,7 @@ class Popen(subprocess.Popen):
             env = os.environ.copy()
         self._fix_pyinstaller_ld_path(env)
 
+        self.__text_mode = kwargs.get('encoding') or kwargs.get('errors') or text or kwargs.get('universal_newlines')
         if text is True:
             kwargs['universal_newlines'] = True  # For 3.6 compatibility
             kwargs.setdefault('encoding', 'utf-8')
@@ -885,8 +923,9 @@ class Popen(subprocess.Popen):
     @classmethod
     def run(cls, *args, timeout=None, **kwargs):
         with cls(*args, **kwargs) as proc:
+            default = '' if proc.__text_mode else b''
             stdout, stderr = proc.communicate_or_kill(timeout=timeout)
-            return stdout or '', stderr or '', proc.returncode
+            return stdout or default, stderr or default, proc.returncode
 
 
 def get_subprocess_encoding():
@@ -973,6 +1012,25 @@ def make_HTTPS_handler(params, **kwargs):
         context.options |= 4  # SSL_OP_LEGACY_SERVER_CONNECT
         # Allow use of weaker ciphers in Python 3.10+. See https://bugs.python.org/issue43998
         context.set_ciphers('DEFAULT')
+    elif (
+        sys.version_info < (3, 10)
+        and ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_INFO >= (1, 1, 1)
+        and not ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION.startswith('LibreSSL')
+    ):
+        # Backport the default SSL ciphers and minimum TLS version settings from Python 3.10 [1].
+        # This is to ensure consistent behavior across Python versions, and help avoid fingerprinting
+        # in some situations [2][3].
+        # Python 3.10 only supports OpenSSL 1.1.1+ [4]. Because this change is likely
+        # untested on older versions, we only apply this to OpenSSL 1.1.1+ to be safe.
+        # LibreSSL is excluded until further investigation due to cipher support issues [5][6].
+        # 1. https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/e983252b516edb15d4338b0a47631b59ef1e2536
+        # 2. https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4627
+        # 3. https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/5294
+        # 4. https://peps.python.org/pep-0644/
+        # 5. https://peps.python.org/pep-0644/#libressl-support
+        # 6. https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5b9f253fa0aee996cf1ed30185d4b502e00609c4#commitcomment-89054368
+        context.set_ciphers('@SECLEVEL=2:ECDH+AESGCM:ECDH+CHACHA20:ECDH+AES:DHE+AES:!aNULL:!eNULL:!aDSS:!SHA1:!AESCCM')
+        context.minimum_version = ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_2
 
     context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED if opts_check_certificate else ssl.CERT_NONE
     if opts_check_certificate:
@@ -1059,13 +1117,16 @@ class ExtractorError(YoutubeDLError):
         self.exc_info = sys.exc_info()  # preserve original exception
         if isinstance(self.exc_info[1], ExtractorError):
             self.exc_info = self.exc_info[1].exc_info
+        super().__init__(self.__msg)
 
-        super().__init__(''.join((
-            format_field(ie, None, '[%s] '),
-            format_field(video_id, None, '%s: '),
-            msg,
-            format_field(cause, None, ' (caused by %r)'),
-            '' if expected else bug_reports_message())))
+    @property
+    def __msg(self):
+        return ''.join((
+            format_field(self.ie, None, '[%s] '),
+            format_field(self.video_id, None, '%s: '),
+            self.orig_msg,
+            format_field(self.cause, None, ' (caused by %r)'),
+            '' if self.expected else bug_reports_message()))
 
     def format_traceback(self):
         return join_nonempty(
@@ -1073,6 +1134,12 @@ class ExtractorError(YoutubeDLError):
             self.cause and ''.join(traceback.format_exception(None, self.cause, self.cause.__traceback__)[1:]),
             delim='\n') or None
 
+    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+        super().__setattr__(name, value)
+        if getattr(self, 'msg', None) and name not in ('msg', 'args'):
+            self.msg = self.__msg or type(self).__name__
+            self.args = (self.msg, )  # Cannot be property
+
 
 class UnsupportedError(ExtractorError):
     def __init__(self, url):
@@ -1163,8 +1230,8 @@ class ExistingVideoReached(DownloadCancelled):
 
 
 class RejectedVideoReached(DownloadCancelled):
-    """ --break-on-reject triggered """
-    msg = 'Encountered a video that did not match filter, stopping due to --break-on-reject'
+    """ --break-match-filter triggered """
+    msg = 'Encountered a video that did not match filter, stopping due to --break-match-filter'
 
 
 class MaxDownloadsReached(DownloadCancelled):
@@ -1394,19 +1461,16 @@ class YoutubeDLHandler(urllib.request.HTTPHandler):
                     raise original_ioerror
             resp = urllib.request.addinfourl(uncompressed, old_resp.headers, old_resp.url, old_resp.code)
             resp.msg = old_resp.msg
-            del resp.headers['Content-encoding']
         # deflate
         if resp.headers.get('Content-encoding', '') == 'deflate':
             gz = io.BytesIO(self.deflate(resp.read()))
             resp = urllib.request.addinfourl(gz, old_resp.headers, old_resp.url, old_resp.code)
             resp.msg = old_resp.msg
-            del resp.headers['Content-encoding']
         # brotli
         if resp.headers.get('Content-encoding', '') == 'br':
             resp = urllib.request.addinfourl(
                 io.BytesIO(self.brotli(resp.read())), old_resp.headers, old_resp.url, old_resp.code)
             resp.msg = old_resp.msg
-            del resp.headers['Content-encoding']
         # Percent-encode redirect URL of Location HTTP header to satisfy RFC 3986 (see
         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6457).
         if 300 <= resp.code < 400:
@@ -1966,13 +2030,18 @@ def system_identifier():
     python_implementation = platform.python_implementation()
     if python_implementation == 'PyPy' and hasattr(sys, 'pypy_version_info'):
         python_implementation += ' version %d.%d.%d' % sys.pypy_version_info[:3]
+    libc_ver = []
+    with contextlib.suppress(OSError):  # We may not have access to the executable
+        libc_ver = platform.libc_ver()
 
-    return 'Python %s (%s %s) - %s %s' % (
+    return 'Python %s (%s %s %s) - %s (%s%s)' % (
         platform.python_version(),
         python_implementation,
+        platform.machine(),
         platform.architecture()[0],
         platform.platform(),
-        format_field(join_nonempty(*platform.libc_ver(), delim=' '), None, '(%s)'),
+        ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION,
+        format_field(join_nonempty(*libc_ver, delim=' '), None, ', %s'),
     )
 
 
@@ -1988,6 +2057,9 @@ def get_windows_version():
 def write_string(s, out=None, encoding=None):
     assert isinstance(s, str)
     out = out or sys.stderr
+    # `sys.stderr` might be `None` (Ref: https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/pull/7217)
+    if not out:
+        return
 
     if compat_os_name == 'nt' and supports_terminal_sequences(out):
         s = re.sub(r'([\r\n]+)', r' \1', s)
@@ -2057,7 +2129,7 @@ if sys.platform == 'win32':
             ('hEvent', ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE),
         ]
 
-    kernel32 = ctypes.windll.kernel32
+    kernel32 = ctypes.WinDLL('kernel32')
     LockFileEx = kernel32.LockFileEx
     LockFileEx.argtypes = [
         ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE,     # hFile
@@ -2248,15 +2320,24 @@ def format_bytes(bytes):
     return format_decimal_suffix(bytes, '%.2f%sB', factor=1024) or 'N/A'
 
 
-def lookup_unit_table(unit_table, s):
+def lookup_unit_table(unit_table, s, strict=False):
+    num_re = NUMBER_RE if strict else NUMBER_RE.replace(R'\.', '[,.]')
     units_re = '|'.join(re.escape(u) for u in unit_table)
-    m = re.match(
-        r'(?P<num>[0-9]+(?:[,.][0-9]*)?)\s*(?P<unit>%s)\b' % units_re, s)
+    m = (re.fullmatch if strict else re.match)(
+        rf'(?P<num>{num_re})\s*(?P<unit>{units_re})\b', s)
     if not m:
         return None
-    num_str = m.group('num').replace(',', '.')
+
+    num = float(m.group('num').replace(',', '.'))
     mult = unit_table[m.group('unit')]
-    return int(float(num_str) * mult)
+    return round(num * mult)
+
+
+def parse_bytes(s):
+    """Parse a string indicating a byte quantity into an integer"""
+    return lookup_unit_table(
+        {u: 1024**i for i, u in enumerate(['', *'KMGTPEZY'])},
+        s.upper(), strict=True)
 
 
 def parse_filesize(s):
@@ -2564,9 +2645,13 @@ def strftime_or_none(timestamp, date_format, default=None):
     datetime_object = None
     try:
         if isinstance(timestamp, (int, float)):  # unix timestamp
-            datetime_object = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timestamp)
+            # Using naive datetime here can break timestamp() in Windows
+            # Ref: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5185, https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/94414
+            datetime_object = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp, datetime.timezone.utc)
         elif isinstance(timestamp, str):  # assume YYYYMMDD
             datetime_object = datetime.datetime.strptime(timestamp, '%Y%m%d')
+        date_format = re.sub(  # Support %s on windows
+            r'(?<!%)(%%)*%s', rf'\g<1>{int(datetime_object.timestamp())}', date_format)
         return datetime_object.strftime(date_format)
     except (ValueError, TypeError, AttributeError):
         return default
@@ -2653,15 +2738,15 @@ def check_executable(exe, args=[]):
     return exe
 
 
-def _get_exe_version_output(exe, args, *, to_screen=None):
-    if to_screen:
-        to_screen(f'Checking exe version: {shell_quote([exe] + args)}')
+def _get_exe_version_output(exe, args):
     try:
         # STDIN should be redirected too. On UNIX-like systems, ffmpeg triggers
         # SIGTTOU if yt-dlp is run in the background.
         # See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/955#issuecomment-209789656
-        stdout, _, _ = Popen.run([encodeArgument(exe)] + args, text=True,
-                                 stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+        stdout, _, ret = Popen.run([encodeArgument(exe)] + args, text=True,
+                                   stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+        if ret:
+            return None
     except OSError:
         return False
     return stdout
@@ -2679,11 +2764,15 @@ def detect_exe_version(output, version_re=None, unrecognized='present'):
 
 
 def get_exe_version(exe, args=['--version'],
-                    version_re=None, unrecognized='present'):
+                    version_re=None, unrecognized=('present', 'broken')):
     """ Returns the version of the specified executable,
     or False if the executable is not present """
+    unrecognized = variadic(unrecognized)
+    assert len(unrecognized) in (1, 2)
     out = _get_exe_version_output(exe, args)
-    return detect_exe_version(out, version_re, unrecognized) if out else False
+    if out is None:
+        return unrecognized[-1]
+    return out and detect_exe_version(out, version_re, unrecognized[0])
 
 
 def frange(start=0, stop=None, step=1):
@@ -2907,10 +2996,10 @@ class PlaylistEntries:
             self.is_exhausted = True
 
         requested_entries = info_dict.get('requested_entries')
-        self.is_incomplete = bool(requested_entries)
+        self.is_incomplete = requested_entries is not None
         if self.is_incomplete:
             assert self.is_exhausted
-            self._entries = [self.MissingEntry] * max(requested_entries)
+            self._entries = [self.MissingEntry] * max(requested_entries or [0])
             for i, entry in zip(requested_entries, entries):
                 self._entries[i - 1] = entry
         elif isinstance(entries, (list, PagedList, LazyList)):
@@ -2956,8 +3045,10 @@ class PlaylistEntries:
                 if not entry:
                     continue
                 try:
-                    # TODO: Add auto-generated fields
-                    self.ydl._match_entry(entry, incomplete=True, silent=True)
+                    # The item may have just been added to archive. Don't break due to it
+                    if not self.ydl.params.get('lazy_playlist'):
+                        # TODO: Add auto-generated fields
+                        self.ydl._match_entry(entry, incomplete=True, silent=True)
                 except (ExistingVideoReached, RejectedVideoReached):
                     return
 
@@ -2979,7 +3070,7 @@ class PlaylistEntries:
                     if not self.is_incomplete:
                         raise self.IndexError()
                 if entry is self.MissingEntry:
-                    raise EntryNotInPlaylist(f'Entry {i} cannot be found')
+                    raise EntryNotInPlaylist(f'Entry {i + 1} cannot be found')
                 return entry
         else:
             def get_entry(i):
@@ -3059,8 +3150,8 @@ def escape_url(url):
     ).geturl()
 
 
-def parse_qs(url):
-    return urllib.parse.parse_qs(urllib.parse.urlparse(url).query)
+def parse_qs(url, **kwargs):
+    return urllib.parse.parse_qs(urllib.parse.urlparse(url).query, **kwargs)
 
 
 def read_batch_urls(batch_fd):
@@ -3086,14 +3177,28 @@ def urlencode_postdata(*args, **kargs):
     return urllib.parse.urlencode(*args, **kargs).encode('ascii')
 
 
+def update_url(url, *, query_update=None, **kwargs):
+    """Replace URL components specified by kwargs
+       @param url           str or parse url tuple
+       @param query_update  update query
+       @returns             str
+    """
+    if isinstance(url, str):
+        if not kwargs and not query_update:
+            return url
+        else:
+            url = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+    if query_update:
+        assert 'query' not in kwargs, 'query_update and query cannot be specified at the same time'
+        kwargs['query'] = urllib.parse.urlencode({
+            **urllib.parse.parse_qs(url.query),
+            **query_update
+        }, True)
+    return urllib.parse.urlunparse(url._replace(**kwargs))
+
+
 def update_url_query(url, query):
-    if not query:
-        return url
-    parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
-    qs = urllib.parse.parse_qs(parsed_url.query)
-    qs.update(query)
-    return urllib.parse.urlunparse(parsed_url._replace(
-        query=urllib.parse.urlencode(qs, True)))
+    return update_url(url, query_update=query)
 
 
 def update_Request(req, url=None, data=None, headers=None, query=None):
@@ -3168,6 +3273,10 @@ def multipart_encode(data, boundary=None):
     return out, content_type
 
 
+def variadic(x, allowed_types=(str, bytes, dict)):
+    return x if isinstance(x, collections.abc.Iterable) and not isinstance(x, allowed_types) else (x,)
+
+
 def dict_get(d, key_or_keys, default=None, skip_false_values=True):
     for val in map(d.get, variadic(key_or_keys)):
         if val is not None and (val or not skip_false_values):
@@ -3179,7 +3288,7 @@ def try_call(*funcs, expected_type=None, args=[], kwargs={}):
     for f in funcs:
         try:
             val = f(*args, **kwargs)
-        except (AttributeError, KeyError, TypeError, IndexError, ZeroDivisionError):
+        except (AttributeError, KeyError, TypeError, IndexError, ValueError, ZeroDivisionError):
             pass
         else:
             if expected_type is None or isinstance(val, expected_type):
@@ -3257,6 +3366,8 @@ def strip_jsonp(code):
 
 def js_to_json(code, vars={}, *, strict=False):
     # vars is a dict of var, val pairs to substitute
+    STRING_QUOTES = '\'"'
+    STRING_RE = '|'.join(rf'{q}(?:\\.|[^\\{q}])*{q}' for q in STRING_QUOTES)
     COMMENT_RE = r'/\*(?:(?!\*/).)*?\*/|//[^\n]*\n'
     SKIP_RE = fr'\s*(?:{COMMENT_RE})?\s*'
     INTEGER_TABLE = (
@@ -3264,6 +3375,15 @@ def js_to_json(code, vars={}, *, strict=False):
         (fr'(?s)^(0+[0-7]+){SKIP_RE}:?$', 8),
     )
 
+    def process_escape(match):
+        JSON_PASSTHROUGH_ESCAPES = R'"\bfnrtu'
+        escape = match.group(1) or match.group(2)
+
+        return (Rf'\{escape}' if escape in JSON_PASSTHROUGH_ESCAPES
+                else R'\u00' if escape == 'x'
+                else '' if escape == '\n'
+                else escape)
+
     def fix_kv(m):
         v = m.group(0)
         if v in ('true', 'false', 'null'):
@@ -3271,28 +3391,31 @@ def js_to_json(code, vars={}, *, strict=False):
         elif v in ('undefined', 'void 0'):
             return 'null'
         elif v.startswith('/*') or v.startswith('//') or v.startswith('!') or v == ',':
-            return ""
+            return ''
 
-        if v[0] in ("'", '"'):
-            v = re.sub(r'(?s)\\.|"', lambda m: {
-                '"': '\\"',
-                "\\'": "'",
-                '\\\n': '',
-                '\\x': '\\u00',
-            }.get(m.group(0), m.group(0)), v[1:-1])
-        else:
-            for regex, base in INTEGER_TABLE:
-                im = re.match(regex, v)
-                if im:
-                    i = int(im.group(1), base)
-                    return '"%d":' % i if v.endswith(':') else '%d' % i
+        if v[0] in STRING_QUOTES:
+            escaped = re.sub(r'(?s)(")|\\(.)', process_escape, v[1:-1])
+            return f'"{escaped}"'
 
-            if v in vars:
+        for regex, base in INTEGER_TABLE:
+            im = re.match(regex, v)
+            if im:
+                i = int(im.group(1), base)
+                return f'"{i}":' if v.endswith(':') else str(i)
+
+        if v in vars:
+            try:
+                if not strict:
+                    json.loads(vars[v])
+            except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                return json.dumps(vars[v])
+            else:
                 return vars[v]
-            if strict:
-                raise ValueError(f'Unknown value: {v}')
 
-        return '"%s"' % v
+        if not strict:
+            return f'"{v}"'
+
+        raise ValueError(f'Unknown value: {v}')
 
     def create_map(mobj):
         return json.dumps(dict(json.loads(js_to_json(mobj.group(1) or '[]', vars=vars))))
@@ -3300,16 +3423,18 @@ def js_to_json(code, vars={}, *, strict=False):
     code = re.sub(r'new Map\((\[.*?\])?\)', create_map, code)
     if not strict:
         code = re.sub(r'new Date\((".+")\)', r'\g<1>', code)
+        code = re.sub(r'new \w+\((.*?)\)', lambda m: json.dumps(m.group(0)), code)
+        code = re.sub(r'parseInt\([^\d]+(\d+)[^\d]+\)', r'\1', code)
+        code = re.sub(r'\(function\([^)]*\)\s*\{[^}]*\}\s*\)\s*\(\s*(["\'][^)]*["\'])\s*\)', r'\1', code)
 
-    return re.sub(r'''(?sx)
-        "(?:[^"\\]*(?:\\\\|\\['"nurtbfx/\n]))*[^"\\]*"|
-        '(?:[^'\\]*(?:\\\\|\\['"nurtbfx/\n]))*[^'\\]*'|
-        {comment}|,(?={skip}[\]}}])|
+    return re.sub(rf'''(?sx)
+        {STRING_RE}|
+        {COMMENT_RE}|,(?={SKIP_RE}[\]}}])|
         void\s0|(?:(?<![0-9])[eE]|[a-df-zA-DF-Z_$])[.a-zA-Z_$0-9]*|
-        \b(?:0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+|0+[0-7]+)(?:{skip}:)?|
-        [0-9]+(?={skip}:)|
+        \b(?:0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+|0+[0-7]+)(?:{SKIP_RE}:)?|
+        [0-9]+(?={SKIP_RE}:)|
         !+
-        '''.format(comment=COMMENT_RE, skip=SKIP_RE), fix_kv, code)
+        ''', fix_kv, code)
 
 
 def qualities(quality_ids):
@@ -3322,7 +3447,7 @@ def qualities(quality_ids):
     return q
 
 
-POSTPROCESS_WHEN = ('pre_process', 'after_filter', 'before_dl', 'post_process', 'after_move', 'after_video', 'playlist')
+POSTPROCESS_WHEN = ('pre_process', 'after_filter', 'video', 'before_dl', 'post_process', 'after_move', 'after_video', 'playlist')
 
 
 DEFAULT_OUTTMPL = {
@@ -3407,67 +3532,93 @@ def error_to_str(err):
     return f'{type(err).__name__}: {err}'
 
 
-def mimetype2ext(mt):
-    if mt is None:
+def mimetype2ext(mt, default=NO_DEFAULT):
+    if not isinstance(mt, str):
+        if default is not NO_DEFAULT:
+            return default
         return None
 
-    mt, _, params = mt.partition(';')
-    mt = mt.strip()
-
-    FULL_MAP = {
-        'audio/mp4': 'm4a',
-        # Per RFC 3003, audio/mpeg can be .mp1, .mp2 or .mp3. Here use .mp3 as
-        # it's the most popular one
-        'audio/mpeg': 'mp3',
-        'audio/x-wav': 'wav',
-        'audio/wav': 'wav',
-        'audio/wave': 'wav',
-    }
-
-    ext = FULL_MAP.get(mt)
-    if ext is not None:
-        return ext
-
-    SUBTYPE_MAP = {
+    MAP = {
+        # video
         '3gpp': '3gp',
-        'smptett+xml': 'tt',
-        'ttaf+xml': 'dfxp',
-        'ttml+xml': 'ttml',
-        'x-flv': 'flv',
-        'x-mp4-fragmented': 'mp4',
-        'x-ms-sami': 'sami',
-        'x-ms-wmv': 'wmv',
+        'mp2t': 'ts',
+        'mp4': 'mp4',
+        'mpeg': 'mpeg',
         'mpegurl': 'm3u8',
-        'x-mpegurl': 'm3u8',
-        'vnd.apple.mpegurl': 'm3u8',
+        'quicktime': 'mov',
+        'webm': 'webm',
+        'vp9': 'vp9',
+        'x-flv': 'flv',
+        'x-m4v': 'm4v',
+        'x-matroska': 'mkv',
+        'x-mng': 'mng',
+        'x-mp4-fragmented': 'mp4',
+        'x-ms-asf': 'asf',
+        'x-ms-wmv': 'wmv',
+        'x-msvideo': 'avi',
+
+        # application (streaming playlists)
         'dash+xml': 'mpd',
         'f4m+xml': 'f4m',
         'hds+xml': 'f4m',
+        'vnd.apple.mpegurl': 'm3u8',
         'vnd.ms-sstr+xml': 'ism',
-        'quicktime': 'mov',
-        'mp2t': 'ts',
+        'x-mpegurl': 'm3u8',
+
+        # audio
+        'audio/mp4': 'm4a',
+        # Per RFC 3003, audio/mpeg can be .mp1, .mp2 or .mp3.
+        # Using .mp3 as it's the most popular one
+        'audio/mpeg': 'mp3',
+        'audio/webm': 'webm',
+        'audio/x-matroska': 'mka',
+        'audio/x-mpegurl': 'm3u',
+        'midi': 'mid',
+        'ogg': 'ogg',
+        'wav': 'wav',
+        'wave': 'wav',
+        'x-aac': 'aac',
+        'x-flac': 'flac',
+        'x-m4a': 'm4a',
+        'x-realaudio': 'ra',
         'x-wav': 'wav',
-        'filmstrip+json': 'fs',
+
+        # image
+        'avif': 'avif',
+        'bmp': 'bmp',
+        'gif': 'gif',
+        'jpeg': 'jpg',
+        'png': 'png',
         'svg+xml': 'svg',
-    }
+        'tiff': 'tif',
+        'vnd.wap.wbmp': 'wbmp',
+        'webp': 'webp',
+        'x-icon': 'ico',
+        'x-jng': 'jng',
+        'x-ms-bmp': 'bmp',
 
-    _, _, subtype = mt.rpartition('/')
-    ext = SUBTYPE_MAP.get(subtype.lower())
-    if ext is not None:
-        return ext
+        # caption
+        'filmstrip+json': 'fs',
+        'smptett+xml': 'tt',
+        'ttaf+xml': 'dfxp',
+        'ttml+xml': 'ttml',
+        'x-ms-sami': 'sami',
 
-    SUFFIX_MAP = {
+        # misc
+        'gzip': 'gz',
         'json': 'json',
         'xml': 'xml',
         'zip': 'zip',
-        'gzip': 'gz',
     }
 
-    _, _, suffix = subtype.partition('+')
-    ext = SUFFIX_MAP.get(suffix)
-    if ext is not None:
-        return ext
+    mimetype = mt.partition(';')[0].strip().lower()
+    _, _, subtype = mimetype.rpartition('/')
 
+    ext = traverse_obj(MAP, mimetype, subtype, subtype.rsplit('+')[-1])
+    if ext:
+        return ext
+    elif default is not NO_DEFAULT:
+        return default
     return subtype.replace('+', '.')
 
 
@@ -3499,7 +3650,7 @@ def parse_codecs(codecs_str):
                 hdr = 'HDR10'
             elif parts[:2] == ['vp9', '2']:
                 hdr = 'HDR10'
-        elif parts[0] in ('flac', 'mp4a', 'opus', 'vorbis', 'mp3', 'aac',
+        elif parts[0] in ('flac', 'mp4a', 'opus', 'vorbis', 'mp3', 'aac', 'ac-4',
                           'ac-3', 'ec-3', 'eac3', 'dtsc', 'dtse', 'dtsh', 'dtsl'):
             acodec = acodec or full_codec
         elif parts[0] in ('stpp', 'wvtt'):
@@ -3532,8 +3683,8 @@ def get_compatible_ext(*, vcodecs, acodecs, vexts, aexts, preferences=None):
     # TODO: All codecs supported by parse_codecs isn't handled here
     COMPATIBLE_CODECS = {
         'mp4': {
-            'av1', 'hevc', 'avc1', 'mp4a',  # fourcc (m3u8, mpd)
-            'h264', 'aacl',  # Set in ISM
+            'av1', 'hevc', 'avc1', 'mp4a', 'ac-4',  # fourcc (m3u8, mpd)
+            'h264', 'aacl', 'ec-3',  # Set in ISM
         },
         'webm': {
             'av1', 'vp9', 'vp8', 'opus', 'vrbs',
@@ -3541,7 +3692,8 @@ def get_compatible_ext(*, vcodecs, acodecs, vexts, aexts, preferences=None):
         },
     }
 
-    sanitize_codec = functools.partial(try_get, getter=lambda x: x[0].split('.')[0].replace('0', ''))
+    sanitize_codec = functools.partial(
+        try_get, getter=lambda x: x[0].split('.')[0].replace('0', '').lower())
     vcodec, acodec = sanitize_codec(vcodecs), sanitize_codec(acodecs)
 
     for ext in preferences or COMPATIBLE_CODECS.keys():
@@ -3551,7 +3703,7 @@ def get_compatible_ext(*, vcodecs, acodecs, vexts, aexts, preferences=None):
 
     COMPATIBLE_EXTS = (
         {'mp3', 'mp4', 'm4a', 'm4p', 'm4b', 'm4r', 'm4v', 'ismv', 'isma', 'mov'},
-        {'webm'},
+        {'webm', 'weba'},
     )
     for ext in preferences or vexts:
         current_exts = {ext, *vexts, *aexts}
@@ -3561,7 +3713,7 @@ def get_compatible_ext(*, vcodecs, acodecs, vexts, aexts, preferences=None):
     return 'mkv' if allow_mkv else preferences[-1]
 
 
-def urlhandle_detect_ext(url_handle):
+def urlhandle_detect_ext(url_handle, default=NO_DEFAULT):
     getheader = url_handle.headers.get
 
     cd = getheader('Content-Disposition')
@@ -3572,7 +3724,13 @@ def urlhandle_detect_ext(url_handle):
             if e:
                 return e
 
-    return mimetype2ext(getheader('Content-Type'))
+    meta_ext = getheader('x-amz-meta-name')
+    if meta_ext:
+        e = meta_ext.rpartition('.')[2]
+        if e:
+            return e
+
+    return mimetype2ext(getheader('Content-Type'), default=default)
 
 
 def encode_data_uri(data, mime_type):
@@ -3756,16 +3914,21 @@ def match_str(filter_str, dct, incomplete=False):
         for filter_part in re.split(r'(?<!\\)&', filter_str))
 
 
-def match_filter_func(filters):
-    if not filters:
+def match_filter_func(filters, breaking_filters=None):
+    if not filters and not breaking_filters:
         return None
-    filters = set(variadic(filters))
+    breaking_filters = match_filter_func(breaking_filters) or (lambda _, __: None)
+    filters = set(variadic(filters or []))
 
     interactive = '-' in filters
     if interactive:
         filters.remove('-')
 
     def _match_func(info_dict, incomplete=False):
+        ret = breaking_filters(info_dict, incomplete)
+        if ret is not None:
+            raise RejectedVideoReached(ret)
+
         if not filters or any(match_str(f, info_dict, incomplete) for f in filters):
             return NO_DEFAULT if interactive and not incomplete else None
         else:
@@ -3780,6 +3943,9 @@ class download_range_func:
         self.chapters, self.ranges = chapters, ranges
 
     def __call__(self, info_dict, ydl):
+        if not self.ranges and not self.chapters:
+            yield {}
+
         warning = ('There are no chapters matching the regex' if info_dict.get('chapters')
                    else 'Cannot match chapters since chapter information is unavailable')
         for regex in self.chapters or []:
@@ -3796,6 +3962,9 @@ class download_range_func:
         return (isinstance(other, download_range_func)
                 and self.chapters == other.chapters and self.ranges == other.ranges)
 
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f'{__name__}.{type(self).__name__}({self.chapters}, {self.ranges})'
+
 
 def parse_dfxp_time_expr(time_expr):
     if not time_expr:
@@ -5121,6 +5290,15 @@ def random_birthday(year_field, month_field, day_field):
     }
 
 
+def find_available_port(interface=''):
+    try:
+        with socket.socket() as sock:
+            sock.bind((interface, 0))
+            return sock.getsockname()[1]
+    except OSError:
+        return None
+
+
 # Templates for internet shortcut files, which are plain text files.
 DOT_URL_LINK_TEMPLATE = '''\
 [InternetShortcut]
@@ -5240,8 +5418,8 @@ def random_uuidv4():
 def make_dir(path, to_screen=None):
     try:
         dn = os.path.dirname(path)
-        if dn and not os.path.exists(dn):
-            os.makedirs(dn)
+        if dn:
+            os.makedirs(dn, exist_ok=True)
         return True
     except OSError as err:
         if callable(to_screen) is not None:
@@ -5255,127 +5433,250 @@ def get_executable_path():
     return os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(_get_variant_and_executable_path()[1]))
 
 
-def load_plugins(name, suffix, namespace):
-    classes = {}
-    with contextlib.suppress(FileNotFoundError):
-        plugins_spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(
-            name, os.path.join(get_executable_path(), 'ytdlp_plugins', name, '__init__.py'))
-        plugins = importlib.util.module_from_spec(plugins_spec)
-        sys.modules[plugins_spec.name] = plugins
-        plugins_spec.loader.exec_module(plugins)
-        for name in dir(plugins):
-            if name in namespace:
-                continue
-            if not name.endswith(suffix):
-                continue
-            klass = getattr(plugins, name)
-            classes[name] = namespace[name] = klass
-    return classes
+def get_user_config_dirs(package_name):
+    # .config (e.g. ~/.config/package_name)
+    xdg_config_home = os.getenv('XDG_CONFIG_HOME') or compat_expanduser('~/.config')
+    yield os.path.join(xdg_config_home, package_name)
+
+    # appdata (%APPDATA%/package_name)
+    appdata_dir = os.getenv('appdata')
+    if appdata_dir:
+        yield os.path.join(appdata_dir, package_name)
+
+    # home (~/.package_name)
+    yield os.path.join(compat_expanduser('~'), f'.{package_name}')
+
+
+def get_system_config_dirs(package_name):
+    # /etc/package_name
+    yield os.path.join('/etc', package_name)
 
 
 def traverse_obj(
-        obj, *path_list, default=None, expected_type=None, get_all=True,
+        obj, *paths, default=NO_DEFAULT, expected_type=None, get_all=True,
         casesense=True, is_user_input=False, traverse_string=False):
-    ''' Traverse nested list/dict/tuple
-    @param path_list        A list of paths which are checked one by one.
-                            Each path is a list of keys where each key is a:
-                              - None:     Do nothing
-                              - string:   A dictionary key / regex group
-                              - int:      An index into a list
-                              - tuple:    A list of keys all of which will be traversed
-                              - Ellipsis: Fetch all values in the object
-                              - Function: Takes the key and value as arguments
-                                          and returns whether the key matches or not
-    @param default          Default value to return
-    @param expected_type    Only accept final value of this type (Can also be any callable)
-    @param get_all          Return all the values obtained from a path or only the first one
-    @param casesense        Whether to consider dictionary keys as case sensitive
+    """
+    Safely traverse nested `dict`s and `Sequence`s
 
-    The following are only meant to be used by YoutubeDL.prepare_outtmpl and is not part of the API
+    >>> obj = [{}, {"key": "value"}]
+    >>> traverse_obj(obj, (1, "key"))
+    "value"
 
-    @param path_list        In addition to the above,
-                              - dict:     Given {k:v, ...}; return {k: traverse_obj(obj, v), ...}
-    @param is_user_input    Whether the keys are generated from user input. If True,
-                            strings are converted to int/slice if necessary
-    @param traverse_string  Whether to traverse inside strings. If True, any
-                            non-compatible object will also be converted into a string
-    '''  # TODO: Write tests
-    if not casesense:
-        _lower = lambda k: (k.lower() if isinstance(k, str) else k)
-        path_list = (map(_lower, variadic(path)) for path in path_list)
+    Each of the provided `paths` is tested and the first producing a valid result will be returned.
+    The next path will also be tested if the path branched but no results could be found.
+    Supported values for traversal are `Mapping`, `Sequence` and `re.Match`.
+    Unhelpful values (`{}`, `None`) are treated as the absence of a value and discarded.
 
-    def _traverse_obj(obj, path, _current_depth=0):
-        nonlocal depth
-        path = tuple(variadic(path))
-        for i, key in enumerate(path):
-            if None in (key, obj):
-                return obj
-            if isinstance(key, (list, tuple)):
-                obj = [_traverse_obj(obj, sub_key, _current_depth) for sub_key in key]
-                key = ...
+    The paths will be wrapped in `variadic`, so that `'key'` is conveniently the same as `('key', )`.
 
-            if key is ...:
-                obj = (obj.values() if isinstance(obj, dict)
-                       else obj if isinstance(obj, (list, tuple, LazyList))
-                       else str(obj) if traverse_string else [])
-                _current_depth += 1
-                depth = max(depth, _current_depth)
-                return [_traverse_obj(inner_obj, path[i + 1:], _current_depth) for inner_obj in obj]
-            elif isinstance(key, dict):
-                obj = filter_dict({k: _traverse_obj(obj, v, _current_depth) for k, v in key.items()})
-            elif callable(key):
-                if isinstance(obj, (list, tuple, LazyList)):
-                    obj = enumerate(obj)
-                elif isinstance(obj, dict):
-                    obj = obj.items()
-                else:
-                    if not traverse_string:
-                        return None
-                    obj = str(obj)
-                _current_depth += 1
-                depth = max(depth, _current_depth)
-                return [_traverse_obj(v, path[i + 1:], _current_depth) for k, v in obj if try_call(key, args=(k, v))]
-            elif isinstance(obj, dict) and not (is_user_input and key == ':'):
-                obj = (obj.get(key) if casesense or (key in obj)
-                       else next((v for k, v in obj.items() if _lower(k) == key), None))
-            else:
-                if is_user_input:
-                    key = (int_or_none(key) if ':' not in key
-                           else slice(*map(int_or_none, key.split(':'))))
-                    if key == slice(None):
-                        return _traverse_obj(obj, (..., *path[i + 1:]), _current_depth)
-                if not isinstance(key, (int, slice)):
-                    return None
-                if not isinstance(obj, (list, tuple, LazyList)):
-                    if not traverse_string:
-                        return None
-                    obj = str(obj)
-                try:
-                    obj = obj[key]
-                except IndexError:
-                    return None
-        return obj
+    The keys in the path can be one of:
+        - `None`:           Return the current object.
+        - `set`:            Requires the only item in the set to be a type or function,
+                            like `{type}`/`{func}`. If a `type`, returns only values
+                            of this type. If a function, returns `func(obj)`.
+        - `str`/`int`:      Return `obj[key]`. For `re.Match`, return `obj.group(key)`.
+        - `slice`:          Branch out and return all values in `obj[key]`.
+        - `Ellipsis`:       Branch out and return a list of all values.
+        - `tuple`/`list`:   Branch out and return a list of all matching values.
+                            Read as: `[traverse_obj(obj, branch) for branch in branches]`.
+        - `function`:       Branch out and return values filtered by the function.
+                            Read as: `[value for key, value in obj if function(key, value)]`.
+                            For `Sequence`s, `key` is the index of the value.
+                            For `re.Match`es, `key` is the group number (0 = full match)
+                            as well as additionally any group names, if given.
+        - `dict`            Transform the current object and return a matching dict.
+                            Read as: `{key: traverse_obj(obj, path) for key, path in dct.items()}`.
+
+        `tuple`, `list`, and `dict` all support nested paths and branches.
+
+    @params paths           Paths which to traverse by.
+    @param default          Value to return if the paths do not match.
+                            If the last key in the path is a `dict`, it will apply to each value inside
+                            the dict instead, depth first. Try to avoid if using nested `dict` keys.
+    @param expected_type    If a `type`, only accept final values of this type.
+                            If any other callable, try to call the function on each result.
+                            If the last key in the path is a `dict`, it will apply to each value inside
+                            the dict instead, recursively. This does respect branching paths.
+    @param get_all          If `False`, return the first matching result, otherwise all matching ones.
+    @param casesense        If `False`, consider string dictionary keys as case insensitive.
+
+    The following are only meant to be used by YoutubeDL.prepare_outtmpl and are not part of the API
+
+    @param is_user_input    Whether the keys are generated from user input.
+                            If `True` strings get converted to `int`/`slice` if needed.
+    @param traverse_string  Whether to traverse into objects as strings.
+                            If `True`, any non-compatible object will first be
+                            converted into a string and then traversed into.
+                            The return value of that path will be a string instead,
+                            not respecting any further branching.
+
+
+    @returns                The result of the object traversal.
+                            If successful, `get_all=True`, and the path branches at least once,
+                            then a list of results is returned instead.
+                            If no `default` is given and the last path branches, a `list` of results
+                            is always returned. If a path ends on a `dict` that result will always be a `dict`.
+    """
+    is_sequence = lambda x: isinstance(x, collections.abc.Sequence) and not isinstance(x, (str, bytes))
+    casefold = lambda k: k.casefold() if isinstance(k, str) else k
 
     if isinstance(expected_type, type):
         type_test = lambda val: val if isinstance(val, expected_type) else None
     else:
-        type_test = expected_type or IDENTITY
+        type_test = lambda val: try_call(expected_type or IDENTITY, args=(val,))
 
-    for path in path_list:
-        depth = 0
-        val = _traverse_obj(obj, path)
-        if val is not None:
-            if depth:
-                for _ in range(depth - 1):
-                    val = itertools.chain.from_iterable(v for v in val if v is not None)
-                val = [v for v in map(type_test, val) if v is not None]
-                if val:
-                    return val if get_all else val[0]
+    def apply_key(key, obj, is_last):
+        branching = False
+        result = None
+
+        if obj is None and traverse_string:
+            pass
+
+        elif key is None:
+            result = obj
+
+        elif isinstance(key, set):
+            assert len(key) == 1, 'Set should only be used to wrap a single item'
+            item = next(iter(key))
+            if isinstance(item, type):
+                if isinstance(obj, item):
+                    result = obj
             else:
-                val = type_test(val)
-                if val is not None:
-                    return val
-    return default
+                result = try_call(item, args=(obj,))
+
+        elif isinstance(key, (list, tuple)):
+            branching = True
+            result = itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+                apply_path(obj, branch, is_last)[0] for branch in key)
+
+        elif key is ...:
+            branching = True
+            if isinstance(obj, collections.abc.Mapping):
+                result = obj.values()
+            elif is_sequence(obj):
+                result = obj
+            elif isinstance(obj, re.Match):
+                result = obj.groups()
+            elif traverse_string:
+                branching = False
+                result = str(obj)
+            else:
+                result = ()
+
+        elif callable(key):
+            branching = True
+            if isinstance(obj, collections.abc.Mapping):
+                iter_obj = obj.items()
+            elif is_sequence(obj):
+                iter_obj = enumerate(obj)
+            elif isinstance(obj, re.Match):
+                iter_obj = itertools.chain(
+                    enumerate((obj.group(), *obj.groups())),
+                    obj.groupdict().items())
+            elif traverse_string:
+                branching = False
+                iter_obj = enumerate(str(obj))
+            else:
+                iter_obj = ()
+
+            result = (v for k, v in iter_obj if try_call(key, args=(k, v)))
+            if not branching:  # string traversal
+                result = ''.join(result)
+
+        elif isinstance(key, dict):
+            iter_obj = ((k, _traverse_obj(obj, v, False, is_last)) for k, v in key.items())
+            result = {
+                k: v if v is not None else default for k, v in iter_obj
+                if v is not None or default is not NO_DEFAULT
+            } or None
+
+        elif isinstance(obj, collections.abc.Mapping):
+            result = (obj.get(key) if casesense or (key in obj) else
+                      next((v for k, v in obj.items() if casefold(k) == key), None))
+
+        elif isinstance(obj, re.Match):
+            if isinstance(key, int) or casesense:
+                with contextlib.suppress(IndexError):
+                    result = obj.group(key)
+
+            elif isinstance(key, str):
+                result = next((v for k, v in obj.groupdict().items() if casefold(k) == key), None)
+
+        elif isinstance(key, (int, slice)):
+            if is_sequence(obj):
+                branching = isinstance(key, slice)
+                with contextlib.suppress(IndexError):
+                    result = obj[key]
+            elif traverse_string:
+                with contextlib.suppress(IndexError):
+                    result = str(obj)[key]
+
+        return branching, result if branching else (result,)
+
+    def lazy_last(iterable):
+        iterator = iter(iterable)
+        prev = next(iterator, NO_DEFAULT)
+        if prev is NO_DEFAULT:
+            return
+
+        for item in iterator:
+            yield False, prev
+            prev = item
+
+        yield True, prev
+
+    def apply_path(start_obj, path, test_type):
+        objs = (start_obj,)
+        has_branched = False
+
+        key = None
+        for last, key in lazy_last(variadic(path, (str, bytes, dict, set))):
+            if is_user_input and isinstance(key, str):
+                if key == ':':
+                    key = ...
+                elif ':' in key:
+                    key = slice(*map(int_or_none, key.split(':')))
+                elif int_or_none(key) is not None:
+                    key = int(key)
+
+            if not casesense and isinstance(key, str):
+                key = key.casefold()
+
+            if __debug__ and callable(key):
+                # Verify function signature
+                inspect.signature(key).bind(None, None)
+
+            new_objs = []
+            for obj in objs:
+                branching, results = apply_key(key, obj, last)
+                has_branched |= branching
+                new_objs.append(results)
+
+            objs = itertools.chain.from_iterable(new_objs)
+
+        if test_type and not isinstance(key, (dict, list, tuple)):
+            objs = map(type_test, objs)
+
+        return objs, has_branched, isinstance(key, dict)
+
+    def _traverse_obj(obj, path, allow_empty, test_type):
+        results, has_branched, is_dict = apply_path(obj, path, test_type)
+        results = LazyList(item for item in results if item not in (None, {}))
+        if get_all and has_branched:
+            if results:
+                return results.exhaust()
+            if allow_empty:
+                return [] if default is NO_DEFAULT else default
+            return None
+
+        return results[0] if results else {} if allow_empty and is_dict else None
+
+    for index, path in enumerate(paths, 1):
+        result = _traverse_obj(obj, path, index == len(paths), True)
+        if result is not None:
+            return result
+
+    return None if default is NO_DEFAULT else default
 
 
 def traverse_dict(dictn, keys, casesense=True):
@@ -5388,13 +5689,11 @@ def get_first(obj, keys, **kwargs):
     return traverse_obj(obj, (..., *variadic(keys)), **kwargs, get_all=False)
 
 
-def variadic(x, allowed_types=(str, bytes, dict)):
-    return x if isinstance(x, collections.abc.Iterable) and not isinstance(x, allowed_types) else (x,)
-
-
 def time_seconds(**kwargs):
-    t = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone(datetime.timedelta(**kwargs)))
-    return t.timestamp()
+    """
+    Returns TZ-aware time in seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)
+    """
+    return time.time() + datetime.timedelta(**kwargs).total_seconds()
 
 
 # create a JSON Web Signature (jws) with HS256 algorithm
@@ -5419,7 +5718,8 @@ def jwt_encode_hs256(payload_data, key, headers={}):
 # can be extended in future to verify the signature and parse header and return the algorithm used if it's not HS256
 def jwt_decode_hs256(jwt):
     header_b64, payload_b64, signature_b64 = jwt.split('.')
-    payload_data = json.loads(base64.urlsafe_b64decode(payload_b64))
+    # add trailing ='s that may have been stripped, superfluous ='s are ignored
+    payload_data = json.loads(base64.urlsafe_b64decode(f'{payload_b64}==='))
     return payload_data
 
 
@@ -5439,15 +5739,34 @@ def supports_terminal_sequences(stream):
         return False
 
 
-def windows_enable_vt_mode():  # TODO: Do this the proper way https://bugs.python.org/issue30075
+def windows_enable_vt_mode():
+    """Ref: https://bugs.python.org/issue30075 """
     if get_windows_version() < (10, 0, 10586):
         return
-    global WINDOWS_VT_MODE
-    try:
-        Popen.run('', shell=True)
-    except Exception:
-        return
 
+    import ctypes
+    import ctypes.wintypes
+    import msvcrt
+
+    ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING = 0x0004
+
+    dll = ctypes.WinDLL('kernel32', use_last_error=False)
+    handle = os.open('CONOUT$', os.O_RDWR)
+    try:
+        h_out = ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE(msvcrt.get_osfhandle(handle))
+        dw_original_mode = ctypes.wintypes.DWORD()
+        success = dll.GetConsoleMode(h_out, ctypes.byref(dw_original_mode))
+        if not success:
+            raise Exception('GetConsoleMode failed')
+
+        success = dll.SetConsoleMode(h_out, ctypes.wintypes.DWORD(
+            dw_original_mode.value | ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING))
+        if not success:
+            raise Exception('SetConsoleMode failed')
+    finally:
+        os.close(handle)
+
+    global WINDOWS_VT_MODE
     WINDOWS_VT_MODE = True
     supports_terminal_sequences.cache_clear()
 
@@ -5634,7 +5953,7 @@ class Config:
         return self.parser.parse_args(self.all_args)
 
 
-class WebSocketsWrapper():
+class WebSocketsWrapper:
     """Wraps websockets module to use in non-async scopes"""
     pool = None
 
@@ -5718,11 +6037,9 @@ def cached_method(f):
     def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
         bound_args = signature.bind(self, *args, **kwargs)
         bound_args.apply_defaults()
-        key = tuple(bound_args.arguments.values())
+        key = tuple(bound_args.arguments.values())[1:]
 
-        if not hasattr(self, '__cached_method__cache'):
-            self.__cached_method__cache = {}
-        cache = self.__cached_method__cache.setdefault(f.__name__, {})
+        cache = vars(self).setdefault('_cached_method__cache', {}).setdefault(f.__name__, {})
         if key not in cache:
             cache[key] = f(self, *args, **kwargs)
         return cache[key]
@@ -5730,14 +6047,37 @@ def cached_method(f):
 
 
 class classproperty:
-    """property access for class methods"""
+    """property access for class methods with optional caching"""
+    def __new__(cls, func=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        if not func:
+            return functools.partial(cls, *args, **kwargs)
+        return super().__new__(cls)
 
-    def __init__(self, func):
+    def __init__(self, func, *, cache=False):
         functools.update_wrapper(self, func)
         self.func = func
+        self._cache = {} if cache else None
 
     def __get__(self, _, cls):
-        return self.func(cls)
+        if self._cache is None:
+            return self.func(cls)
+        elif cls not in self._cache:
+            self._cache[cls] = self.func(cls)
+        return self._cache[cls]
+
+
+class function_with_repr:
+    def __init__(self, func, repr_=None):
+        functools.update_wrapper(self, func)
+        self.func, self.__repr = func, repr_
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if self.__repr:
+            return self.__repr
+        return f'{self.func.__module__}.{self.func.__qualname__}'
 
 
 class Namespace(types.SimpleNamespace):
@@ -5755,7 +6095,7 @@ MEDIA_EXTENSIONS = Namespace(
     common_video=('avi', 'flv', 'mkv', 'mov', 'mp4', 'webm'),
     video=('3g2', '3gp', 'f4v', 'mk3d', 'divx', 'mpg', 'ogv', 'm4v', 'wmv'),
     common_audio=('aiff', 'alac', 'flac', 'm4a', 'mka', 'mp3', 'ogg', 'opus', 'wav'),
-    audio=('aac', 'ape', 'asf', 'f4a', 'f4b', 'm4b', 'm4p', 'm4r', 'oga', 'ogx', 'spx', 'vorbis', 'wma'),
+    audio=('aac', 'ape', 'asf', 'f4a', 'f4b', 'm4b', 'm4p', 'm4r', 'oga', 'ogx', 'spx', 'vorbis', 'wma', 'weba'),
     thumbnails=('jpg', 'png', 'webp'),
     storyboards=('mhtml', ),
     subtitles=('srt', 'vtt', 'ass', 'lrc'),
@@ -5832,7 +6172,7 @@ def truncate_string(s, left, right=0):
     assert left > 3 and right >= 0
     if s is None or len(s) <= left + right:
         return s
-    return f'{s[:left-3]}...{s[-right:]}'
+    return f'{s[:left-3]}...{s[-right:] if right else ""}'
 
 
 def orderedSet_from_options(options, alias_dict, *, use_regex=False, start=None):
@@ -5865,6 +6205,305 @@ def orderedSet_from_options(options, alias_dict, *, use_regex=False, start=None)
     return orderedSet(requested)
 
 
+class FormatSorter:
+    regex = r' *((?P<reverse>\+)?(?P<field>[a-zA-Z0-9_]+)((?P<separator>[~:])(?P<limit>.*?))?)? *$'
+
+    default = ('hidden', 'aud_or_vid', 'hasvid', 'ie_pref', 'lang', 'quality',
+               'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'vcodec:vp9.2', 'channels', 'acodec',
+               'size', 'br', 'asr', 'proto', 'ext', 'hasaud', 'source', 'id')  # These must not be aliases
+    ytdl_default = ('hasaud', 'lang', 'quality', 'tbr', 'filesize', 'vbr',
+                    'height', 'width', 'proto', 'vext', 'abr', 'aext',
+                    'fps', 'fs_approx', 'source', 'id')
+
+    settings = {
+        'vcodec': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True,
+                   'order': ['av0?1', 'vp0?9.2', 'vp0?9', '[hx]265|he?vc?', '[hx]264|avc', 'vp0?8', 'mp4v|h263', 'theora', '', None, 'none']},
+        'acodec': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True,
+                   'order': ['[af]lac', 'wav|aiff', 'opus', 'vorbis|ogg', 'aac', 'mp?4a?', 'mp3', 'ac-?4', 'e-?a?c-?3', 'ac-?3', 'dts', '', None, 'none']},
+        'hdr': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True, 'field': 'dynamic_range',
+                'order': ['dv', '(hdr)?12', r'(hdr)?10\+', '(hdr)?10', 'hlg', '', 'sdr', None]},
+        'proto': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True, 'field': 'protocol',
+                  'order': ['(ht|f)tps', '(ht|f)tp$', 'm3u8.*', '.*dash', 'websocket_frag', 'rtmpe?', '', 'mms|rtsp', 'ws|websocket', 'f4']},
+        'vext': {'type': 'ordered', 'field': 'video_ext',
+                 'order': ('mp4', 'mov', 'webm', 'flv', '', 'none'),
+                 'order_free': ('webm', 'mp4', 'mov', 'flv', '', 'none')},
+        'aext': {'type': 'ordered', 'regex': True, 'field': 'audio_ext',
+                 'order': ('m4a', 'aac', 'mp3', 'ogg', 'opus', 'web[am]', '', 'none'),
+                 'order_free': ('ogg', 'opus', 'web[am]', 'mp3', 'm4a', 'aac', '', 'none')},
+        'hidden': {'visible': False, 'forced': True, 'type': 'extractor', 'max': -1000},
+        'aud_or_vid': {'visible': False, 'forced': True, 'type': 'multiple',
+                       'field': ('vcodec', 'acodec'),
+                       'function': lambda it: int(any(v != 'none' for v in it))},
+        'ie_pref': {'priority': True, 'type': 'extractor'},
+        'hasvid': {'priority': True, 'field': 'vcodec', 'type': 'boolean', 'not_in_list': ('none',)},
+        'hasaud': {'field': 'acodec', 'type': 'boolean', 'not_in_list': ('none',)},
+        'lang': {'convert': 'float', 'field': 'language_preference', 'default': -1},
+        'quality': {'convert': 'float', 'default': -1},
+        'filesize': {'convert': 'bytes'},
+        'fs_approx': {'convert': 'bytes', 'field': 'filesize_approx'},
+        'id': {'convert': 'string', 'field': 'format_id'},
+        'height': {'convert': 'float_none'},
+        'width': {'convert': 'float_none'},
+        'fps': {'convert': 'float_none'},
+        'channels': {'convert': 'float_none', 'field': 'audio_channels'},
+        'tbr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
+        'vbr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
+        'abr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
+        'asr': {'convert': 'float_none'},
+        'source': {'convert': 'float', 'field': 'source_preference', 'default': -1},
+
+        'codec': {'type': 'combined', 'field': ('vcodec', 'acodec')},
+        'br': {'type': 'combined', 'field': ('tbr', 'vbr', 'abr'), 'same_limit': True},
+        'size': {'type': 'combined', 'same_limit': True, 'field': ('filesize', 'fs_approx')},
+        'ext': {'type': 'combined', 'field': ('vext', 'aext')},
+        'res': {'type': 'multiple', 'field': ('height', 'width'),
+                'function': lambda it: (lambda l: min(l) if l else 0)(tuple(filter(None, it)))},
+
+        # Actual field names
+        'format_id': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'id'},
+        'preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ie_pref'},
+        'language_preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'lang'},
+        'source_preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'source'},
+        'protocol': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'proto'},
+        'filesize_approx': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'fs_approx'},
+        'audio_channels': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'channels'},
+
+        # Deprecated
+        'dimension': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'res', 'deprecated': True},
+        'resolution': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'res', 'deprecated': True},
+        'extension': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ext', 'deprecated': True},
+        'bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'br', 'deprecated': True},
+        'total_bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'tbr', 'deprecated': True},
+        'video_bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'vbr', 'deprecated': True},
+        'audio_bitrate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'abr', 'deprecated': True},
+        'framerate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'fps', 'deprecated': True},
+        'filesize_estimate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'size', 'deprecated': True},
+        'samplerate': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'asr', 'deprecated': True},
+        'video_ext': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'vext', 'deprecated': True},
+        'audio_ext': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'aext', 'deprecated': True},
+        'video_codec': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'vcodec', 'deprecated': True},
+        'audio_codec': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'acodec', 'deprecated': True},
+        'video': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasvid', 'deprecated': True},
+        'has_video': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasvid', 'deprecated': True},
+        'audio': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasaud', 'deprecated': True},
+        'has_audio': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'hasaud', 'deprecated': True},
+        'extractor': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ie_pref', 'deprecated': True},
+        'extractor_preference': {'type': 'alias', 'field': 'ie_pref', 'deprecated': True},
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, ydl, field_preference):
+        self.ydl = ydl
+        self._order = []
+        self.evaluate_params(self.ydl.params, field_preference)
+        if ydl.params.get('verbose'):
+            self.print_verbose_info(self.ydl.write_debug)
+
+    def _get_field_setting(self, field, key):
+        if field not in self.settings:
+            if key in ('forced', 'priority'):
+                return False
+            self.ydl.deprecated_feature(f'Using arbitrary fields ({field}) for format sorting is '
+                                        'deprecated and may be removed in a future version')
+            self.settings[field] = {}
+        propObj = self.settings[field]
+        if key not in propObj:
+            type = propObj.get('type')
+            if key == 'field':
+                default = 'preference' if type == 'extractor' else (field,) if type in ('combined', 'multiple') else field
+            elif key == 'convert':
+                default = 'order' if type == 'ordered' else 'float_string' if field else 'ignore'
+            else:
+                default = {'type': 'field', 'visible': True, 'order': [], 'not_in_list': (None,)}.get(key, None)
+            propObj[key] = default
+        return propObj[key]
+
+    def _resolve_field_value(self, field, value, convertNone=False):
+        if value is None:
+            if not convertNone:
+                return None
+        else:
+            value = value.lower()
+        conversion = self._get_field_setting(field, 'convert')
+        if conversion == 'ignore':
+            return None
+        if conversion == 'string':
+            return value
+        elif conversion == 'float_none':
+            return float_or_none(value)
+        elif conversion == 'bytes':
+            return parse_bytes(value)
+        elif conversion == 'order':
+            order_list = (self._use_free_order and self._get_field_setting(field, 'order_free')) or self._get_field_setting(field, 'order')
+            use_regex = self._get_field_setting(field, 'regex')
+            list_length = len(order_list)
+            empty_pos = order_list.index('') if '' in order_list else list_length + 1
+            if use_regex and value is not None:
+                for i, regex in enumerate(order_list):
+                    if regex and re.match(regex, value):
+                        return list_length - i
+                return list_length - empty_pos  # not in list
+            else:  # not regex or  value = None
+                return list_length - (order_list.index(value) if value in order_list else empty_pos)
+        else:
+            if value.isnumeric():
+                return float(value)
+            else:
+                self.settings[field]['convert'] = 'string'
+                return value
+
+    def evaluate_params(self, params, sort_extractor):
+        self._use_free_order = params.get('prefer_free_formats', False)
+        self._sort_user = params.get('format_sort', [])
+        self._sort_extractor = sort_extractor
+
+        def add_item(field, reverse, closest, limit_text):
+            field = field.lower()
+            if field in self._order:
+                return
+            self._order.append(field)
+            limit = self._resolve_field_value(field, limit_text)
+            data = {
+                'reverse': reverse,
+                'closest': False if limit is None else closest,
+                'limit_text': limit_text,
+                'limit': limit}
+            if field in self.settings:
+                self.settings[field].update(data)
+            else:
+                self.settings[field] = data
+
+        sort_list = (
+            tuple(field for field in self.default if self._get_field_setting(field, 'forced'))
+            + (tuple() if params.get('format_sort_force', False)
+                else tuple(field for field in self.default if self._get_field_setting(field, 'priority')))
+            + tuple(self._sort_user) + tuple(sort_extractor) + self.default)
+
+        for item in sort_list:
+            match = re.match(self.regex, item)
+            if match is None:
+                raise ExtractorError('Invalid format sort string "%s" given by extractor' % item)
+            field = match.group('field')
+            if field is None:
+                continue
+            if self._get_field_setting(field, 'type') == 'alias':
+                alias, field = field, self._get_field_setting(field, 'field')
+                if self._get_field_setting(alias, 'deprecated'):
+                    self.ydl.deprecated_feature(f'Format sorting alias {alias} is deprecated and may '
+                                                f'be removed in a future version. Please use {field} instead')
+            reverse = match.group('reverse') is not None
+            closest = match.group('separator') == '~'
+            limit_text = match.group('limit')
+
+            has_limit = limit_text is not None
+            has_multiple_fields = self._get_field_setting(field, 'type') == 'combined'
+            has_multiple_limits = has_limit and has_multiple_fields and not self._get_field_setting(field, 'same_limit')
+
+            fields = self._get_field_setting(field, 'field') if has_multiple_fields else (field,)
+            limits = limit_text.split(':') if has_multiple_limits else (limit_text,) if has_limit else tuple()
+            limit_count = len(limits)
+            for (i, f) in enumerate(fields):
+                add_item(f, reverse, closest,
+                         limits[i] if i < limit_count
+                         else limits[0] if has_limit and not has_multiple_limits
+                         else None)
+
+    def print_verbose_info(self, write_debug):
+        if self._sort_user:
+            write_debug('Sort order given by user: %s' % ', '.join(self._sort_user))
+        if self._sort_extractor:
+            write_debug('Sort order given by extractor: %s' % ', '.join(self._sort_extractor))
+        write_debug('Formats sorted by: %s' % ', '.join(['%s%s%s' % (
+            '+' if self._get_field_setting(field, 'reverse') else '', field,
+            '%s%s(%s)' % ('~' if self._get_field_setting(field, 'closest') else ':',
+                          self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit_text'),
+                          self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit'))
+            if self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit_text') is not None else '')
+            for field in self._order if self._get_field_setting(field, 'visible')]))
+
+    def _calculate_field_preference_from_value(self, format, field, type, value):
+        reverse = self._get_field_setting(field, 'reverse')
+        closest = self._get_field_setting(field, 'closest')
+        limit = self._get_field_setting(field, 'limit')
+
+        if type == 'extractor':
+            maximum = self._get_field_setting(field, 'max')
+            if value is None or (maximum is not None and value >= maximum):
+                value = -1
+        elif type == 'boolean':
+            in_list = self._get_field_setting(field, 'in_list')
+            not_in_list = self._get_field_setting(field, 'not_in_list')
+            value = 0 if ((in_list is None or value in in_list) and (not_in_list is None or value not in not_in_list)) else -1
+        elif type == 'ordered':
+            value = self._resolve_field_value(field, value, True)
+
+        # try to convert to number
+        val_num = float_or_none(value, default=self._get_field_setting(field, 'default'))
+        is_num = self._get_field_setting(field, 'convert') != 'string' and val_num is not None
+        if is_num:
+            value = val_num
+
+        return ((-10, 0) if value is None
+                else (1, value, 0) if not is_num  # if a field has mixed strings and numbers, strings are sorted higher
+                else (0, -abs(value - limit), value - limit if reverse else limit - value) if closest
+                else (0, value, 0) if not reverse and (limit is None or value <= limit)
+                else (0, -value, 0) if limit is None or (reverse and value == limit) or value > limit
+                else (-1, value, 0))
+
+    def _calculate_field_preference(self, format, field):
+        type = self._get_field_setting(field, 'type')  # extractor, boolean, ordered, field, multiple
+        get_value = lambda f: format.get(self._get_field_setting(f, 'field'))
+        if type == 'multiple':
+            type = 'field'  # Only 'field' is allowed in multiple for now
+            actual_fields = self._get_field_setting(field, 'field')
+
+            value = self._get_field_setting(field, 'function')(get_value(f) for f in actual_fields)
+        else:
+            value = get_value(field)
+        return self._calculate_field_preference_from_value(format, field, type, value)
+
+    def calculate_preference(self, format):
+        # Determine missing protocol
+        if not format.get('protocol'):
+            format['protocol'] = determine_protocol(format)
+
+        # Determine missing ext
+        if not format.get('ext') and 'url' in format:
+            format['ext'] = determine_ext(format['url'])
+        if format.get('vcodec') == 'none':
+            format['audio_ext'] = format['ext'] if format.get('acodec') != 'none' else 'none'
+            format['video_ext'] = 'none'
+        else:
+            format['video_ext'] = format['ext']
+            format['audio_ext'] = 'none'
+        # if format.get('preference') is None and format.get('ext') in ('f4f', 'f4m'):  # Not supported?
+        #    format['preference'] = -1000
+
+        if format.get('preference') is None and format.get('ext') == 'flv' and re.match('[hx]265|he?vc?', format.get('vcodec') or ''):
+            # HEVC-over-FLV is out-of-spec by FLV's original spec
+            # ref. https://trac.ffmpeg.org/ticket/6389
+            # ref. https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/5821
+            format['preference'] = -100
+
+        # Determine missing bitrates
+        if format.get('tbr') is None:
+            if format.get('vbr') is not None and format.get('abr') is not None:
+                format['tbr'] = format.get('vbr', 0) + format.get('abr', 0)
+        else:
+            if format.get('vcodec') != 'none' and format.get('vbr') is None:
+                format['vbr'] = format.get('tbr') - format.get('abr', 0)
+            if format.get('acodec') != 'none' and format.get('abr') is None:
+                format['abr'] = format.get('tbr') - format.get('vbr', 0)
+
+        return tuple(self._calculate_field_preference(format, field) for field in self._order)
+
+
 # Deprecated
 has_certifi = bool(certifi)
 has_websockets = bool(websockets)
+
+
+def load_plugins(name, suffix, namespace):
+    from .plugins import load_plugins
+    ret = load_plugins(name, suffix)
+    namespace.update(ret)
+    return ret
diff --git a/yt_dlp/version.py b/yt_dlp/version.py
index ac7a825eae..04bece0387 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/version.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/version.py
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 # Autogenerated by devscripts/update-version.py
 
-__version__ = '2022.09.01'
+__version__ = '2023.03.04'
 
-RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = '5d7c7d656'
+RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = '392389b7df7b818f794b231f14dc396d4875fbad'
 
 VARIANT = None
 
 UPDATE_HINT = None
+
+CHANNEL = 'stable'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/webvtt.py b/yt_dlp/webvtt.py
index 23d67a8971..dd72982778 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/webvtt.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/webvtt.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ _REGEX_TS = re.compile(r'''(?x)
     ([0-9]{3})?
 ''')
 _REGEX_EOF = re.compile(r'\Z')
-_REGEX_NL = re.compile(r'(?:\r\n|[\r\n])')
+_REGEX_NL = re.compile(r'(?:\r\n|[\r\n]|$)')
 _REGEX_BLANK = re.compile(r'(?:\r\n|[\r\n])+')
 
 
@@ -140,7 +140,6 @@ class HeaderBlock(Block):
     A WebVTT block that may only appear in the header part of the file,
     i.e. before any cue blocks.
     """
-
     pass
 
 
diff --git a/ytdlp_plugins/extractor/__init__.py b/ytdlp_plugins/extractor/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 3045a590bd..0000000000
--- a/ytdlp_plugins/extractor/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-# flake8: noqa: F401
-
-# ℹ️ The imported name must end in "IE"
-from .sample import SamplePluginIE
diff --git a/ytdlp_plugins/extractor/sample.py b/ytdlp_plugins/extractor/sample.py
deleted file mode 100644
index a8bc455eb3..0000000000
--- a/ytdlp_plugins/extractor/sample.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-# ⚠ Don't use relative imports
-from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor
-
-
-# ℹ️ Instructions on making extractors can be found at:
-# 🔗 https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#adding-support-for-a-new-site
-
-class SamplePluginIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _WORKING = False
-    IE_DESC = False
-    _VALID_URL = r'^sampleplugin:'
-
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        self.to_screen('URL "%s" successfully captured' % url)
diff --git a/ytdlp_plugins/postprocessor/__init__.py b/ytdlp_plugins/postprocessor/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 61099abbc6..0000000000
--- a/ytdlp_plugins/postprocessor/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-# flake8: noqa: F401
-
-# ℹ️ The imported name must end in "PP" and is the name to be used in --use-postprocessor
-from .sample import SamplePluginPP
diff --git a/ytdlp_plugins/postprocessor/sample.py b/ytdlp_plugins/postprocessor/sample.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 4563e1c116..0000000000
--- a/ytdlp_plugins/postprocessor/sample.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-# ⚠ Don't use relative imports
-from yt_dlp.postprocessor.common import PostProcessor
-
-
-# ℹ️ See the docstring of yt_dlp.postprocessor.common.PostProcessor
-class SamplePluginPP(PostProcessor):
-    def __init__(self, downloader=None, **kwargs):
-        # ⚠ Only kwargs can be passed from the CLI, and all argument values will be string
-        # Also, "downloader", "when" and "key" are reserved names
-        super().__init__(downloader)
-        self._kwargs = kwargs
-
-    # ℹ️ See docstring of yt_dlp.postprocessor.common.PostProcessor.run
-    def run(self, info):
-        if info.get('_type', 'video') != 'video':  # PP was called for playlist
-            self.to_screen(f'Post-processing playlist {info.get("id")!r} with {self._kwargs}')
-        elif info.get('filepath'):  # PP was called after download (default)
-            filepath = info.get('filepath')
-            self.to_screen(f'Post-processed {filepath!r} with {self._kwargs}')
-        elif info.get('requested_downloads'):  # PP was called after_video
-            filepaths = [f.get('filepath') for f in info.get('requested_downloads')]
-            self.to_screen(f'Post-processed {filepaths!r} with {self._kwargs}')
-        else:  # PP was called before actual download
-            filepath = info.get('_filename')
-            self.to_screen(f'Pre-processed {filepath!r} with {self._kwargs}')
-        return [], info  # return list_of_files_to_delete, info_dict